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• Why is Xampp unable to start Apache?

  - by jribeiro

  I formatted my computer a week ago. Installed wampp on Windows XP, git and everything I needed. When I run git for the first time it told me it had a problem with my user folder (because of the accents) so I created a new user and migrated everything to the new one. After this, wampp wouldn't start anymore. I uninstalled it and installed xampp which is what I'm using now. My problem is that even though I requesed xampp to install Apache as a service it isn't installed. It doesn't show in Windows' services screen. Xampp control panel shows mysql service running OK. When I click to install Apache as a service it returns no error. When I click Start Apache no error is outputed. No file and no errors under c:/xampp/apache/log/ If I restart my computer it says that Apache service is not installed. I tried to reinstall wampp and the same problem occurs. If I run netstat -a -no nothing is running on port 80! What can I do?

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• Menu command stuck on screen

  - by 280Z28

  For some reason, periodically when I select a menu command, the command label gets "stuck" on the screen and won't go away. I can close all open applications, including whichever one I was using when it got stuck, but it still won't go away. In the screenshot below, I opened an new instance of IE just to show how the label stays on top. The label was not created by this instance of IE. Edit with the source: The label that gets stuck is the first menu command I select in IE. If a label is already stuck, a new one does not get stuck (regardless of which instance(s) of IE are involved). Based on this knowledge, I now just open IE on my secondary monitor, carefully open the context menu so the Properties command is in the bottom corner, and click it. This is not a solution... The label never moves and is transparent to mouse input (if I click it, it's as if I clicked the item behind it). The label does not go away if I close all running applications. I haven't tried stopping services or closing system tray items like Live Mesh. The label does go away if I change the screen resolution and then change it back. Any ideas how I can stop this from happening? It's happened a half dozen times since yesterday and it's becoming quite disrupting to my work. Obviously I added the circle in MS Paint. That part isn't stuck. ;)

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• openvpn& iptables -- portforwarding and gateway

  - by Smith.Lai

  The problem is similar to this scenario: iptables rule still take effect after deleted Scenario: There are several clients(C1~C10) providing some services, such as SSH,HTTP..... The clients are actually a personal computer behind NAT. Their IP might be 192.168.0.x For easily access these machines through internet, I built a OpenVPN server(S1). All the C1~C10 connect to S1 with VPN address 10.8.0.x If A user(U1) wanna access C1 SSH through internet, he can connect to S1 with port "55555", and S1 port forward 55555 to 10.8.0.6:22 echo 1 /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -i eth0 -p tcp --dport 55555 -j DNAT --to-destination 10.8.0.6:22 It works well until I mark the following in the openvpn server.conf: I marked this because I think this will make all connection go through S1 ;push "redirect-gateway" |-------(NAT)--------| (C1)--| (INTERNET)----(U1) |-----(VPN)----(S1)--| The C1~C10 have their own path to access internet resource through NAT . The server loading would be heavy if all C1~C10 connection go through S1 (for example, C1 is sending data to C2, or C1 is downloading data from a FTP site). Is there a way to solve this quandary?

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• How do I find funny pictures?

  - by Hanno Fietz

  No, not lolcats. And I'm not really looking for a specific site, either. I have often wished that I had some funny picture to illustrate a presentation, a website, a post, an email, or something else. Google image search and stock photo services have hardly ever helped me, although that may be because I'm doing something wrong. Jeff Atwood seems to have no problem to find funny pictures for his codinghorror and stackoverflow blogs, as well as for the error messages on the trilogy sites. One of my favourites was this elephant. Other bloggers also seem to be quite good at it. I'm wondering if I simply lack the creativity or if there's sources or methods I don't know about. I could think of the following ways to get pictures, but I'm not sure whether this is really "how they do it". keep a collection of pictures that you stumbled upon and liked (takes quite some time to build up to a proper library), when you need a picture, there's one in there maybe have pictures on paper, too, like from magazines or ads. when you are looking for a picture, search online (Flickr, Google, stock photos). This has never really worked for me, I don't know why. produce the pictures yourself, i. e. have a good library of source material or find some online and apply some creativity and suitable software. I could imagine that this could work well once you have the practice.

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• nconf deployment.ini configuration for a basic Nagios server on CentOS 6.2

  - by jshin47

  I have set up nconf and Nagios but I cannot figure out how to configure deployment.ini to properly deploy the generated configuration to /usr/local/nagios/etc. Here are the directory listings of interest: [jshin@nag0 tmp]$ ls Default_collector global [jshin@nag0 tmp]$ cd Default_collector/ [jshin@nag0 Default_collector]$ ls advanced_services.cfg hostgroups.cfg service_dependencies.cfg services.cfg host_dependencies.cfg hosts.cfg servicegroups.cfg [jshin@nag0 Default_collector]$ cd .. [jshin@nag0 tmp]$ cd global/ [jshin@nag0 global]$ ls checkcommands.cfg contacts.cfg misccommands.cfg timeperiods.cfg contactgroups.cfg host_templates.cfg service_templates.cfg [jshin@nag0 global]$ cd .. [jshin@nag0 tmp]$ cd /usr/local/nagios/etc/ [jshin@nag0 etc]$ ls cgi.cfg htpasswd.users nagios.cfg objects resource.cfg [jshin@nag0 etc]$ cd objects/ [jshin@nag0 objects]$ ls commands.cfg localhost.cfg switch.cfg timeperiods.cfg contacts.cfg printer.cfg templates.cfg windows.cfg Here is my deployment.ini (pretty much the default setting) ;; LOCAL deployment ;; [extract config] type = local source_file = "/var/www/html/nconf/output/NagiosConfig.tgz" target_file = "/tmp/" action = extract [copy collector config] type = local source_file = "/tmp/Default_collector/" target_file = "/usr/local/nagios/etc/Default_collector/" action = copy [copy global config] type = local source_file = "/tmp/global/" target_file = "/usr/local/nagios/etc/global" action = copy reload_command = "service nagios restart" What I am wondering is why the directory structure that the default deployment.ini seems to suggest, with Default_collector and global, is different from the one that Nagios has by default, with only a folder called objects. What am I missing? Or more importantly, how does your deployment.ini look?

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• Setup a new domain controller over a temporary VPN, but now Windows delays startup?

  - by Kris Anderson

  I'm migrating servers from colo locations to Amazon's VPC EC2 instances. If anyone hasn't worked with Amazon VPC before, VPN is a pain in the arse! Anyways, I setup a new server that acts as the domain controller for our Amazon VPC. In order to migrate all the user accounts from our existing domain controllers I manually connected to our colo VPN using my user account on the new Amazon EC2 machine. I was able to join the domain and the new Amazon server became another domain controller on our network. So far so good. The problem I'm having is that when booting the EC2 domain controller (which is no longer connected to the VPN so it can't communicate with the existing controllers), it takes a good 6-8 minuted before I can remote into the server (instead of the 1-2 minutes it should take). Also, during this time most of the services we also run (like IIS) also give 404 errors until the 6-8 minutes have passed. It's almost like the domain controller is attempting to reach the other domain controllers first and after 6-8 minutes it falls back to the one located on the local machine? I don't think that's what's happening though, because Server 2008 R2 doesn't have primary and backup domain controllers. They're all equal as far as Windows is concerned. For my network adapter I have only one DNS listed, 127.0.0.1, so it should be looking up the local domain controller and not the other domain controllers it connected to over VPN when VPN was enabled. In the server logs I'm seeing these warnings pop up during a reboot: The winlogon notification subscriber is taking long time to handle the notification event (CreateSession). The winlogon notification subscriber took 409 second(s) to handle the notification event (CreateSession). Any ideas on what's happening here? I would try removing the existing domain controllers from the new Amazon EC2 machine, but I still need to connect over VPN a few times to migrate some data between the servers, and I don't want that change being reflected back to the other domain controllers in our colo locations.

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• Physical-to-virtual for personal use

  - by Journeyman Geek

  One of my current projects involves reducing the number of old computers lying around. So far, the office systems have been downsized from 5 to 2. One system which had no data on it was dumped entirely, while three other identical boxes were consolidated into to one (I swap hard drives as needed and they just work(tm)). I want to make further cuts. The physical systems in question all run windows xp sp3, and were old Pentium 4s with 256 MB of RAM. Currently, I have got a VirtualBox running on another system. My intention is to migrate all services to that. We can assume that disk space and RAM on the host is not an issue. I'd rather not go with a client-server physical-to-virtual (P2V) method like what VirtualBox uses now. I have a few specific concerns as well - specifically whether I'd need to reactivate or sysprep for dissimilar hardware first. An offline tool for imaging (Windows or Linux) would not be an issue since the drives could be mounted onto another system I have anyway or I could use a LiveCD. What would be my options for P2V conversion, and what would I need to keep in mind when doing this?

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• IIS7 binding to subdomain causing authentication errors (TFS 2010)

  - by Tommy Jakobsen

  I'm trying to bind a IIS web site (Team Foundation Services 2010) to a subdomain, which is causing authentication errors. First I'll explain what I've done to set it up. This is the fist time I do this, so please correct me if I'm wrong. The web server is a stand-alone Windows Server 2008 R2 x64, running IIS7 with .NET Framework 4. I have the following A-records, pointing to my server: server.mydomain.com *.server.mydomain.com So all subdomains of server.mydomain.com points to the server. In IIS7 I have a web site (TFS 2010) on port 8080, with a virtual directory (named tfs) that is using Windows Authentication. I have one binding on the web site pointing to all unassigned IP addresses, port 8080 and having a host name of tfs.server.mydomain.com. Now, shouldn't I be able to access the virtual directory through: http://tfs.server.mydomain.com/tfs That is not working. However, I can access it through: http://tfs.server.mydomain.com:8080/tfs But, it won't let me authenticate using a Windows account (Server\Username). A windows account that I can authenticate with, when accessing the site through http://localhost:8080/tfs. What am I missing here?

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• Windows Share authentication from Active Directory Linux login

  - by Kenny

  Hi, I'm using Active Directory to log into RHEL. To do this, I followed the steps outlined here: http://www.markwilson.co.uk/blog/2007/05/using-active-directory-to-authenticate-users-on-a-linux-computer.htm I'd like to be able to read data from Windows Servers shared folders without being prompted for a password. On Windows I log into an AD domain, and when I access windows file shares on a server on the LAN (also part of the AD domain) my I can just access them with no authentication step. I've used SMBclient on Linux to access these shares, but it asks for my password. I would like to be able to script access to the data on the shares, but I can't if there's a password prompt in the way. Well, I could, but it's not how I want to do it. Now, since I'm logged in using my active directory username & password, can't I just access the shares without jumping that extra hoop? I know I can mount the share using something like: //192.168.0.5/share /mnt/windows cifs auto,username=steve,password=secret,rw 0 0 but access will depend who is logged in... each user logging in should have their own unique AD access privelages. Thanks for reading!

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• Migrating 10-15 Websites Running Linux, LAMP, RoR, WordPress

  - by Michael

  Task is to move 10-15 websites running Linux to new servers hosted by Amazon. These boxes are currently on dedicated servers. Some sites are running WordPress, some have custom CMS, and others might have RoR applications. Unfortunately, there is sparse documentation regarding each site and how services/files are dependent on each other which means there is a lot of detective work that needs to take place. My goal is to properly document each site, what makes them work, etc., so future admins have at least something to work with. Currently my strategy is to download each site so I have a backup of the files then scan through them looking for configuration files -- db connections, apache configs, etc. Then, create a nice spreadsheet with these findings and migrate these out to the new server. My question to ServerFault is this, are there things you would look out for? Easier ways to handle this task that I'm missing? Points will be awarded to answers that help with efficiency. Thanks in advance.

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• Diagnosing SAN connectivity issues (RHEL5)

  - by Matthew

  We are currently utilizing GFS2 to share a SAN LUN between 3 servers. However due to a feature problem with vendor software we are using, we currently have the volume unmounted on two of the boxes, and are instead exporting the GFS2 filesystem via NFS from the first one (the software requires some weird locking mechanics that GFS2 doesn't support). As of this morning, NFS was no longer able to read/write to the volume from any of the servers, including the NFS server. I then tried checking the normal mount (the directory that is exported on the NFS server) and I received a weird input/output error just trying to CD into it. When I tried running multipath, I got a DM error, however multipath -l worked just fine. I tried unmounting the GFS2 volume, and the CLI hung. I ran init 0 which killed most services, but then the shutdown appeared to have been hung. I logged in via out of band access (hp ILO) and saw that the shutdown was hung trying to unmount GFS2 volumes. My main priority was getting the box back online so after about 5 minutes of waiting I did a hard reset. I am now trying to figure out what went wrong. What are the correct logs to investigate? I've never run into SAN issues like this before. The SAN is connected via 2 fibre connections. Any help would really be appreciated. Everything appears to be up and functional now.

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• Possible DNS issue after a reinstall of Windows Server 2000 (get off my lawn)

  - by cop1152

  I just replaced a drive on a Win2000 Server that replicates AD and issues out DHCP at one of our offices. I successfully joined it to the domain, setup range of IP's, etc, but am still having issues. I cannot RDC to it with name or IP. I can ping it, browse to it with Windows Explorer, and remote to it with some other software, but not RDC. The other issue is this: Users are unable to authenticate on it. They receive the message 'username or password incorrect' (or something like that). Changes made on the main domain controller seem to take forever to trickle down. The most significant entry in the DNS Server Log is Event ID 7062: The DNS Server Encountered a Packet Addressed to Itself. At least, I think its significant. The Directory Services Log shows numerous Event IDs 1265: The attempt to establish a replication link with parameters failed with the following status: The DSA operation is unable to proceed because of a DNS lookup failure. Does this make any sense to anyone? I feel like its something very simple that I am overlooking. Thanks in advance.

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• User cannot access a system DSN on Windows Server 2008

  - by Ra Osolage

  We run our SQL Server services using a low privileged domain account. That account is NOT a local admin on the OS. Only access I give the user account is assigned during install of SQL: full control over its mount points and then everything else is granted by the SQL Server 2005/2008 installer. I need to create a linked server in SQL Server 2008 to an ODBC data source. So I remoted into the computer using my domain account, which is part of a group that DOES have local admin privs to the OS. I created a system DSN and configured it to connect to another SQL Server. The DSN works perfectly when I test it. However, when I try to create the linked server, I get an error. It appears to me that the DSN is invisible to the domain account that SQL Server is running as. It seems that this problem is only happening to me on Windows 2008 servers. Does anybody know whether there's anything that you need to do after creating a DSN to make it visible for other users to access?

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• Cannot start MySQL

  - by Mohamed Nour El-Din

  I used this command from shell to repair all Databases mysqlcheck -u root -p --auto-repair --check --optimize --all-databases and after that I restarted the server when it came back alive again I tried to open my vBulletin forum but I recived Database error message. and also tried to open phpMyAdmin but I received this error : #2002 - The server is not responding (or the local MySQL server's socket is not correctly configured). I checked the services list and found that the MySQL Service is not listed, so I tried to start it from shell I receive this error : Starting MySQL.Manager of pid-file quit without updating fi[FAILED] could anyone help me in that ? thanks in advance. update I found these lines in the log file 101101 01:36:01 mysqld started 101101 1:36:01 [Warning] Asked for 196608 thread stack, but got 126976 101101 1:36:01 [ERROR] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Table './mysql/user' is marked as crashed and last (automatic?) repair failed 101101 1:36:01 [ERROR] /usr/sbin/mysqld: Table './mysql/user' is marked as crashed and last (automatic?) repair failed 101101 1:36:01 [ERROR] Fatal error: Can't open and lock privilege tables: Table './mysql/user' is marked as crashed and last (automatic?) repair failed 101101 01:36:01 mysqld ended What should I do then ?

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• Lotus Domino - DAOS not reducing file size?

  - by SydxPages

  I have implemented DAOS on a Lotus Domino Server (8.5.3 FP2) as follows: Lotus Domino Server Document: Store file attachments in DAOS: Enabled Minimum size of object before Domino will store in DAOS: 64000 bytes DAOS base path: E:\DAOS Defer object deletion for: 30 days Transaction logging is running, and the specific test database has the following advanced properties set: Domino Attachment and Object Service (ticked) Use LZ1 compression for atachments Compress Database Design Compress Data I have restarted the server. When I run a compact -c, it compacts the database, but does not reduce the size. I have checked the DB in Windows Explorer (60Gb) and the size is the same pre and post. I have checked the directory (E:\DAOS) and it is 35Gb in size. When I run the command 'Tell DAOSMgr Status tmp\test.nsf', I get the following response. From looking up on the net, I believe ticket count = 0 means that the db is not really DAOS'ed? Admin Process: Searching Administration Requests database DAOSMGR: Status tmptest.nsf started DAOS database status: Database: E:\Lotus\Domino\Data\tmp\test.nsf Database state = Synchronized Last resynchronized: 03/09/2012 02:49:13 PM Ticket count: 0 DAOSMGR: Status tmp\test.nsf completed I have run fixup on the database. When I have tried to run the DAOS estimator it has always crashed. This was a problem with larger databases on earlier versions of domino, but not anymore. Can anyone tell me why the size has not reduced? Am I missing anything?

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• Sync clock on Windows XP machine to external (non-domain, non-workgroup) Windows Server 2008 R2 machine

  - by Eric

  I have two machines and I'd like their clocks to be in sync for various reasons. Machine 1 is an XP machine located in the office. Machine 2 is a VPS hosted by a third party running Windows Server 2008 R2. These machines are not in any kind of workgroup or on a domain together. They are completely separate machines. Machine 2 is currently syncing once a week to time.windows.com. The clock on Machine 2 does seem to wander a bit within that week interval. What I would like to do is have Machine 1 set its clock based on the clock of Machine 2. I have tried configuring w32tm on the XP machine. This is what I used for configuration: w32tm /config /syncfromflags:manual /manualpeerlist:"<ip address of machine 2>" However, whenever I issue the /resync command I get "The computer did not resync because no time data was available". I have made sure to start the windows time service on machine 2, and I have added firewall exceptions for UDP port 123. Is there something I need to configure on Machine 2 (other than just starting the time service) in order to get it to respond? Edit: I have also run w32tm /config /reliable:YES /update on Machine 2. I am still getting "The computer did not resync because no time data was available". Is there something else I'm missing?

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• Postfix Whitelist before recipient restrictions

  - by GruffTech

  Alright. Some background. We have an anti-spam cluster trucking about 2-3 million emails per day, blocking somewhere in the range of 99% of spam email from our end users. The underlying SMTP server is Postfix 2.2.10. The "Frontline defense" before mail gets carted off to SpamAssassin/ClamAV/ ect ect, is attached below. ...basic config.... smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unauth_destination, reject_rbl_client b.barracudacentral.org, reject_rbl_client cbl.abuseat.org, reject_rbl_client bl.mailspike.net, check_policy_service unix:postgrey/socket ...more basic config.... As you can see, standard RBL services from various companies, as well as a Postgrey service. The problem is, I have one client (out of thousands) who is very upset that we blocked an important email of theirs. It was sent through a russian freemailer who was currently blocked in two of our three RBL servers. I explained the situation to them, however they are insisting we do not block any of their emails. So i need a method of whitelisting ANY email that comes to domain.com, however i need it to take place before any of the recipient restrictions, they want no RBL or postgrey blocking at all. I've done a bit of research myself, http://www.howtoforge.com/how-to-whitelist-hosts-ip-addresses-in-postfix seemed to be a good guide at first, almost fixing my problem, But i want it to accept based on TO address, not originating server.

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• Primary zone will not transfer to secondary zone

  - by Matt Beckman

  Using DNS on Windows Server 2008, there is a constant struggle with adding primary and secondary zones. I will add a primary zone to NS1 for a new domain, edit it as needed, and when it's ready add the secondary zone to NS2. However, MOST of the time, the secondary zone remains in an error state, and will never acquire the primary zone data. I have gone back to domains a few weeks after adding them to find out that Windows never propagated the change. Annoying. Anyway, I recently updated SP1 to SP2 thinking this would help, but it hasn't. I added two new domains today, and spent an hour after the secondary zone would just not sync. During that time, the only error in the logs I had seen was for one of them where DNS complained about not being authoritative. In order to eventually resolve the issue, I ended up deleting the primary zone, creating a new primary zone, and hitting "Apply" after each and every field change. For example, after modifying the serial number from "1" to a date appropriate "2010093001", I hit apply, and then the Primary Server (apply), Responsible Person (apply), and finally Name Servers (apply). After I did this, the secondary zone didn't waste any time getting the data. Ideas?

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• asterisk extensions.conf & sip.conf

  - by Josh

  I'm trying to get my Dialplan to work. When I call, the only thing I get is a dial tone to enter extension "no Background(thanks-calling) is played". When extension 123 is dialed, busy signal is triggered and asterisk CLI get frozen. Any help will be appreciate it. Conf files below. ; PSTN on sip.conf [pstn] type=friend host=dynamic context=pstn username=pstn secret=password nat=yes canreinvite=no dtmfmode=rfc2833 qualify=yes insecure=port,invite disallow=all allow=ulaw ; PSTN on extensions.conf [pstn] exten => s,1,Answer exten => s,2,Wait,2 exten => s,4,DigitTimeout,5 exten => s,5,ResponseTimeout,10 exten => s,6,Background(thanks-calling) exten => 0,1,Goto(incoming,123,1) ; (Member Services) [incoming] exten => 123,1,NoOP(${CALLERID}) ; show the caller ID info in the console exten => 123,n,Ringing() exten => 123,n,Answer() exten => 123,n,Playback(silence/1) exten => 123,n,Playback(connecting1) exten => 123,n,Wait(3) exten => 123,n,Dial(SIP/line1,60) exten => 123,n,Congestion

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• Subdomains and address bar

  - by Priednis

  I have a fairly noob question about how subdomains work. As I understand at first the DNS server specifies that a request for certain subdomain.domain.com has to go to the IP address of domain.com, and the webserver at domain.com further processes the request and displays the needed subdomain page. It is not entirely clear to me how (for example Apache) server does it. As I understand there can be entries in vhosts.conf file which specify folders that contain the subdomain data. Something like: <VirtualHost *> ServerName www.domain.com DocumentRoot /home/httpd/htdocs/ </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *> ServerName subdomain.domain.com DocumentRoot /home/httpd/htdocs/subdomain/ </VirtualHost> and there also can be redirect entries in .htaccess files like rewritecond %{http_host} ^subdomain.domain.com [nc] rewriterule ^(.*)$ http://www.domain.com/subdomain/ [r=301,nc] however in this case the user gets directed to the directory which contains the subdomain data but the user gets "out" of the subdomain. I would like to know - how, when going to subdomain.domain.com the subdomain.domain.com, beginning of address remains visible in the address bar of the explorer? Can it be done by an alternate entry in .htaccess file? If a VirtualHost entry is specified in the vhosts.conf file, does it mean, that a new user account has to be specified for access to this directory?

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• Sql Server 2005 database lost, How to recover all records. MDF/LDF size is same as it should be

  - by Shantanu Gupta

  Few months back, I installed a sql server 2005 on one of my client machine. I gave him a backup option to take backup timely but he never took any backup. Today he called me that "i m not able to see any record of mine." I visited at my clients system and saw that none of the record was present on the tables. There was not even a single row in any of the tables. Then I checked if he has any backup file which i found to be absent. I asked him the reason what could be the possible cause. He said it might be due to virus. After this I checked the size of mdf and ldf file and found it should be what it is. when i created his server mdf ldf file had 2MB of database now it is 83 MB and 193Mb mdf/ldf respectively. This shows the data is still present in it but it is not being displayed. What could be the possible cause and how can i restore all data back to my tables ?

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• MySQL Master-Master w/ multiple read slave cost effective setup in AWS

  - by Ross

  I've been evaluating Amazon Web Services RDS for MySQL and costing out potential scenarios involving a simple multi-AZ deployment read/write setup vs. a multi-AZ deployment mysql master (hot-standby) with additional read-only slaves. the issue I'm trying to cost-optimize includes their reserved instance vs on-demand instances. Situation 1: purchase reserved multi-az setup for Extra-large-hi-mem(17GB RAM) instance for $5200/yr and have my application query the master all the time. the problem is, if I don't need all the resources of the (17GB RAM) all the time and therefore, especially not a hot-standby, what alternatives for savings can a better topology create, like potentially situation 2 below: Situation 2: purchase reserved multi-az setup using smaller master instances than above for the master-master hot-standby to receive the writes only. Then create and load balance several read-only slaves off the master and add/remove and/or scale up/down the read slaves based on demand. This might only cost $1000 + the on-demand usage of the read slaves. My thinking is, if I have a variable read-intensive application load, with low write load, the single level topology in situation 1 means I'm paying for a lot of resources at the write level of topology when I don't need them there. My hope is that situation 2 can yield cost savings from smaller reserved instances on the master-master resource level allowing me to scale up and down and/or out on the read-level according to demand as needed. Does anyone see a downside to doing this or know of some reason this isn't possible with RDS? Any other thoughts or advice always welcome of course. Thanks in advance, R

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• CentOS 6.3 X86_64 RAM detection

  - by Peter

  I have a machine with 8GB ram (BIOS sees it, so my motherboard and CPU supports it), and I installed CentOS 6.3 on it. When it starts up, it only see 3.1GB. uname says: 2.6.32-279.1.1.el6.x86_64 #1 SMP BIOS-provided physical RAM map: BIOS-e820: 0000000000000000 - 000000000009fc00 (usable) BIOS-e820: 000000000009fc00 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved) BIOS-e820: 00000000000e0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved) BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 00000000cf65f000 (usable) BIOS-e820: 00000000cf65f000 - 00000000cf6e8000 (ACPI NVS) BIOS-e820: 00000000cf6e8000 - 00000000cf6ec000 (usable) BIOS-e820: 00000000cf6ec000 - 00000000cf6ff000 (ACPI data) BIOS-e820: 00000000cf6ff000 - 00000000cf700000 (usable) dmesg | grep -i memory says: initial memory mapped : 0 - 20000000 init_memory_mapping: 0000000000000000-00000000cf700000 Reserving 129MB of memory at 48MB for crashkernel (System RAM: 3319MB) PM: Registered nosave memory: 000000000009f000 - 00000000000a0000 PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000000a0000 - 00000000000e0000 PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000000e0000 - 0000000000100000 PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000cf65f000 - 00000000cf6e8000 PM: Registered nosave memory: 00000000cf6ec000 - 00000000cf6ff000 Memory: 3184828k/3398656k available (5152k kernel code, 1016k absent, 212812k reserved, 7166k data, 1260k init) please try 'cgroup_disable=memory' option if you don't want memory cgroups Initializing cgroup subsys memory Freeing initrd memory: 16136k freed Non-volatile memory driver v1.3 agpgart-intel 0000:00:00.0: detected 8192K stolen memory crash memory driver: version 1.1 Freeing unused kernel memory: 1260k freed Freeing unused kernel memory: 972k freed Freeing unused kernel memory: 1732k freed Update: Memtest see all the 8GB, and dmidecode -t 17 | grep Size too. But free -m still see only 3.1 GB. Question: How can I repair/modify the system, to see all the 8GB RAM? Thanks in advance!

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• FreeBSD slow transfers - RFC 1323 scaling issue?

  - by Trey

  I think I may be having an issue with window scaling (RFC 1323) and am hoping that someone can enlighten me on what's going on. Server: FreeBSD 9, apache22, serving a static 100MB zip file. 192.168.18.30 Client: Mac OS X 10.6, Firefox 192.168.17.47 Network: Only a switch between them - the subnet is 192.168.16/22 (In this test, I also have dummynet filtering simulating an 80ms ping time on all IP traffic. I've seen nearly identical traces with a "real" setup, with real internet traffic/latency also) Questions: Does this look normal? Is packet #2 specifying a window size of 65535 and a scale of 512? Is packet #5 then shrinking the window size so it can use the 512 scale and still keep the overall calculated window size near 64K? Why is the window scale so high? Here are the first 6 packets from wireshark. For packets 5 and 6 I've included the details showing the window size and scaling factor being used for the data transfer. Code: No. Time Source Destination Protocol Length Info 108 6.699922 192.168.17.47 192.168.18.30 TCP 78 49190 http [SYN] Seq=0 Win=65535 Len=0 MSS=1460 WS=8 TSval=945617489 TSecr=0 SACK_PERM=1 115 6.781971 192.168.18.30 192.168.17.47 TCP 74 http 49190 [SYN, ACK] Seq=0 Ack=1 Win=65535 Len=0 MSS=1460 WS=512 SACK_PERM=1 TSval=2617517338 TSecr=945617489 116 6.782218 192.168.17.47 192.168.18.30 TCP 66 49190 http [ACK] Seq=1 Ack=1 Win=524280 Len=0 TSval=945617490 TSecr=2617517338 117 6.782220 192.168.17.47 192.168.18.30 HTTP 490 GET /utils/speedtest/large.file.zip HTTP/1.1 118 6.867070 192.168.18.30 192.168.17.47 TCP 375 [TCP segment of a reassembled PDU] Details: Transmission Control Protocol, Src Port: http (80), Dst Port: 49190 (49190), Seq: 1, Ack: 425, Len: 309 Source port: http (80) Destination port: 49190 (49190) [Stream index: 4] Sequence number: 1 (relative sequence number) [Next sequence number: 310 (relative sequence number)] Acknowledgement number: 425 (relative ack number) Header length: 32 bytes Flags: 0x018 (PSH, ACK) Window size value: 130 [Calculated window size: 66560] [Window size scaling factor: 512] Checksum: 0xd182 [validation disabled] Options: (12 bytes) No-Operation (NOP) No-Operation (NOP) Timestamps: TSval 2617517423, TSecr 945617490 [SEQ/ACK analysis] TCP segment data (309 bytes) Note: originally posted http://forums.freebsd.org/showthread.php?t=32552

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• hardlinking takes a lot of space

  - by mr_schlomo

  I made an rsync incremental backup script for my server that will copy a MySQL database backup and a specified folder path to a remote server. Here's the code on Github. Code excerpt from lines 53-57: ############### Create most current hand link echo "Creating most current hard link on backup server $most_recent_backup_link" ssh $remote_backup_server rm -rf ${most_recent_backup_link} ssh $remote_backup_server cp -alv ${remote_backup_folder}/backup-${backup_folder_name}/ ${most_recent_backup_link} I'm having a problem with creating the most current hard links on the backup server (lines 53-57 in the program). Everything works, and rsync only copies about 1-2MB of data. But the hard link copy process uses about 30MB of data. I get a huge laundry list of files that haven't changed and the only ones that have changed are very small in size. Normally this isn't a problem, but when you backup every hour, the backup should be as small as possible. For example, the last backup I did, rsync transferred 1.3MB. But the backup directory grew 35MB. Why are the hard links taking up so much hard drive space?

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