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• How to make a huge ram drive?

  - by Brandon Moore

  At my old job when a report was needed I could sit down with someone and pull up results and get immediate feedback, and then refine my queries and ultimately have the data we needed, in the format we needed within 30-90 minutes. I just started working for a new company with a database containing millions of records and I spent my whole 8 hours making a report that I feel I could have made in less than 2 hours if it were not for the massive amount of data the queries are working with, and the fact that I couldn't ask the person needing the data to sit down with me and give me feedback as I pulled up results as I am used to. So I am trying to think of how we can make the server faster... much faster, so that I can have the same level of productivity I'm used to. One thought that just came to mind is that memory is so cheap these days, and by my calculations I could buy 10 8gig ram sticks for 1000 bucks. What I have never heard of though is a device that would let me combine these into a huge ram drive. So I'd like to know if any such device exists, and if not what is the largest ram drive I could realistically make and how would I go about doing so? EDIT: To you guys who are saying the database shema needs to be analyzed... you can't make a query such as "Select f1, f2, f3, etc from SomeTable" run any faster by normalizing or indexing the table. What I'm talking about IS ABSOLUTELY a need for improved performance at the hardware level. I am used to having results come back to me in a few seconds, not a few minutes or much less a half an hour. Maybe that's what you guys are used to who have 100 billion record tables and you feel like that's fast, but I'm looking for results back from tables with about 10 million records to come back to me withing less than half a minute TOPS.

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• PostgreSQL 8.4 - Tablespace Optimization

  - by FloE

  I'm currently running a PostgreSQL Database with about 1.5 billion rows / 500 GB of data (including indices). There are several schemata: on for the (read only, irregular changes / updates) 'core-model' and one for every user (about 20 persons). The users can access the core and store data in their own schema, so everything is located in one database. The server runs with CentOS and PostgreSQL 8.4 and is used for scientific studies, exploration etc and is running quite well. These days an upgrade of the DB storage hard disks arrive - all with the same performance as the old ones. I'm looking for the best way to distribute the data on these disks. It would be possible to separate frequently used objects (the core-data) from the user schemata, but I'm not sure if this is really worth the effort. It seems to be a much better idea to move the WAL files (pg_xlog directory) to its own partition. http://www.postgresql.org/docs/8.4/static/wal-internals.html What are your opinions? Are there any tablespace- or partitioning-related performance documentations / benchmarks?

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• How can I parse/ transform text log data before it gets captured in SCOM 2007 R2?

  - by Abs

  I'm pretty much a noob with System Center Operations Manager 2007, and I'm probably missing something pretty basic, but I'm stumped anyway. We're setting up monitoring on some of our servers, and we'd like to capture data from some plain text log files (e.g. DNS debug logs, DHCP logs). It looks to me like I can set up a generic text file monitoring rule and get events captured into the main Ops Manager database, but my understanding is that the whole line of text from the plain text log gets captured as one field. In an ideal world, we'd be able to parse or transform that log file data to make it easier to query later. Is this possible? Is it easy? Do I have to buy expensive 3rd-party software to do it? One more thing: it would be even better if there was a way to stuff this data into the Audit Collection Services (ACS) database instead of the main one, but I'll take what I can get. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• Load Sharing Regarding Large Websites

  - by JHarley1

  Hello, I have a question regarding Load Sharing for large websites. My Understanding: So if you have a website that has millions of fits a day you will need to have an architecture that can support this sort of pressure. You can either do one or two things: Invest in a single large server that has huge amounts of processing power, memory and storage (such as Microsoft's TerraServer). Spread the load of your website across a number of machines. Let me tackle the second approach, so you have a collection of machines all running Web Server Software and all having access to identical copies of the websites pages. You can either spread the load across these machines using a cyclic pattern in a DNS or you can use a Load Ballancing Switch. The advantages of this approach is: - Redundancy - servers can fail and the others would "pick up the slack" - Incremental - the ability to easily add new machines to this set-up. My Question's Is there a Virtual approach to this issue of load balancing now? If the website runs from a database - is there still only a single copy of the database? If a user had a session running on one Server (e.g. they had gone to www.example.org and had been assigned to Server 2 - were they had created a session) if they refreshed the website (and were allocated Server 3) would they still have their session? What are the other disadvantages associated with Load Balancing? Many Thanks, J

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• Samba PDC share slow with LDAP backend

  - by hmart

  The scenario I have a SUSE SLES 11.1 SP1 machine as Samba master PDC with LDAP backend. In one share there are Database files for a Client-Server application. I log XP and Windows 7 machines to the local domain (example.local), the login is a little slow but works. In the client computers have an executable which opens, reads and writes the database files from the server share. The Problem When running Samba with LDAP password backend the client application runs VERY SLOW with a maximum transfer rate of 2500 MBit per second. If disable LDAP the client app speed increases 20x, with transfer rate of 50Mbit/sec and running smoothly. I'm doing test with just two users and two machines, so concurrency, or LDAP size shouldn't be the problem here. The suspect LDAP, Smb.conf [global] section configuration. The Question What can I do? I've googled a lot, but still have no answer. Slow smb.conf WITH LDAP [global] workgroup = zmartsoft.local passdb backend = ldapsam:ldap://127.0.0.1 printing = cups printcap name = cups printcap cache time = 750 cups options = raw map to guest = Bad User logon path = \\%L\profiles\.msprofile logon home = \\%L\%U\.9xprofile logon drive = P: usershare allow guests = Yes add machine script = /usr/sbin/useradd -c Machine -d /var/lib/nobody -s /bin/false %m$ domain logons = Yes domain master = Yes local master = Yes netbios name = server os level = 65 preferred master = Yes security = user wins support = Yes idmap backend = ldap:ldap://127.0.0.1 ldap admin dn = cn=Administrator,dc=zmartsoft,dc=local ldap group suffix = ou=Groups ldap idmap suffix = ou=Idmap ldap machine suffix = ou=Machines ldap passwd sync = Yes ldap ssl = Off ldap suffix = dc=zmartsoft,dc=local ldap user suffix = ou=Users

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• SQL Server 2005 standard filegroups / files for performance on SAN

  - by Blootac

  Ok so I've just been on a SQL Server course and we discussed the usage scenarios of multiple filegroups and files when in use over local RAID and local disks but we didn't touch SAN scenarios so my question is as follows; I currently have a 250 gig database running on SQL Server 2005 where some tables have a huge number of writes and others are fairly static. The database and all objects reside in a single file group with a single data file. The log file is also on the same volume. My interpretation is that separate data files should be used across different disks to lessen disk contention and that file groups should be used for partitioning of data. However, with a SAN you obviously don't really have the same issue of disk contention that you do with a small RAID setup (or at least we don't at the moment), and standard edition doesn't support partitioning. So in order to improve parallelism what should I do? My understanding of various Microsoft publications is that if I increase the number of data files, separate threads can act across each file separately. Which leads me to the question how many files should I have. One per core? Should I be putting tables and indexes with high levels of activity in separate file groups, each with the same number of data files as we have cores? Thank you

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• Closing the gap between strategy and execution with Oracle Business Intelligence 11g

  - by manan.goel(at)oracle.com

  Wikipedia defines strategy as a plan of action designed to achieve a particular goal. An example of this is General Electric's acquisitions and divestiture strategy (plan) designed to propel GE to number 1 or 2 place (goal) in every business segment that it operated in. Execution on the other hand can be defined as the actions taken to getting things done. In GE's case execution will be steps followed for mergers/acquisitions or divestiture. Business press has written extensively about the importance of both strategy and execution in achieving desired business objectives. Perhaps the quote from Thomas Edison says it best - "vision without execution is hallucination". Conversely, it can be said that "execution without vision" is well may be "wishful thinking". Research overwhelmingly point towards the wide gap between strategy and execution. According to a published study, 49% of surveyed executives perceive a gap between their organizations' ability to develop and communicate sound strategies and their ability to implement those strategies. Further, of these respondents, 64% don't have full confidence that their companies will be able to close the gap. Having established the severity and importance of the problem let's talk about the reasons for the strategy-execution gap. The common reasons include: -        Lack of clearly defined goals -        Lack of consistent measure of success -        Lack of ownership -        Lack of alignment -        Lack of communication -        Lack of proper execution -        Lack of monitoring       There are multiple approaches to solving the problem including organizational development practices, technology enablement etc. In most cases a combination of approaches is required to achieve the desired result. For the purposes of this discussion, I'll focus on technology.  Imagine an integrated closed loop technology platform that automates the entire management cycle from defining strategy to assigning ownership to communicating goals to achieving alignment to collaboration to taking actions to monitoring progress and achieving mid course corrections. Besides, for best ROI and lowest TCO such a system should also have characteristics like:  Complete -        Full functionality -        Rich end user access Open -        Any data source -        Any business application -        Any technology stack  Integrated -        Common metadata -        Common security -        Common system management From a capabilities perspective the system should provide the following capabilities: Define -        Strategy -        Objectives -        Ownership -        KPI's Communicate -        Pervasive -        Collaborative -        Role based -        Secure Execute -        Integrated -        Intuitive -        Secure -        Ubiquitous Monitor -        Multiple styles and formats -        Exception based -        Push & Pull Having talked about the business problem and outlined the blueprint for a technology solution, let's talk about how Oracle Business Intelligence 11g can help. Oracle Business Intelligence is a comprehensive business intelligence solution for reporting, ad hoc query and analysis, OLAP, dashboards and scorecards. Oracle's best in class BI platform is based on an architecturally integrated technology foundation that provides a unified end user experience and features a Common Enterprise Information Model, with common security, query request generation and optimization, and system management. The BI platform is ·         Complete - meaning it delivers all modes and styles of BI including reporting, ad hoc query and analysis, OLAP, dashboards and scorecards with a rich end user experience that includes visualization, collaboration, alerts and notifications, search and mobile access. ·         Open - meaning the BI platform integrates with any data source, ETL tool, business application, application server, security infrastructure, portal technology as well as any ODBC compliant third party analytical tool. The suite accesses data from multiple heterogeneous sources--including popular relational and multidimensional data sources and major ERP and CRM applications from Oracle and SAP. ·         Integrated - meaning the BI platform is based on an architecturally integrated technology foundation built on an open, standards based service oriented architecture.  The platform features a common enterprise information model, common security model and a common configuration, deployment and systems management framework. To summarize, Oracle Business Intelligence is a comprehensive, integrated BI platform that lets you define strategy, identify objectives, assign ownership, define KPI's, collaborate, take action, monitor, report and do course corrections all form a single interface and a single system. The platform's integrated metadata model and task based design ensures that the entire workflow from defining strategy to execution to monitoring is completely integrated delivering end to end visibility, transparency and agility. Click here to learn more about Oracle BI 11g. 

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• Gnome 3 gdm fails to start after preupgrade from fedora 14 to 15

  - by digital illusion

  I'm not able to boot fedora 15 in runlevel 5. After all services start, when the login screen should appear, gdm just show a mouse waiting cursor and keeps restarting itself. From /var/log/gdm/\:0-greeter.log Gtk-Message: Failed to load module "pk-gtk-module" /usr/bin/gnome-session: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/gtk-3.0/modules/libatk-bridge.so: undefined symbol: atk_plug_get_type /usr/libexec/gnome-setting-daemon: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/gtk-3.0modules/libatk-bridge.so: undefined symbol: atk_plug_get_type Where should atk_plug_get_type be defined? Edit: Here a better description of the error (system-config-network-gui:2643): Gnome-WARNING **: Accessibility: failed to find module 'libgail-gnome' which is needed to make this application accessible /usr/bin/python: symbol lookup error: /usr/lib/gtk-2.0/modules/libatk-bridge.so: undefined symbol: atk_plug_get_type Why there are still references to gtk2? Did preupgrade fail? Attaching upgrade log... it seems gdm was not added, but it is present in the users and groups list. May 26 11:25:52 sysimage sendmail[1076]: alias database /etc/aliases rebuilt by root May 26 11:25:52 sysimage sendmail[1076]: /etc/aliases: 77 aliases, longest 23 bytes, 795 bytes total May 26 11:46:09 sysimage useradd[1793]: failed adding user 'dbus', data deleted May 26 11:53:37 sysimage systemd-machine-id-setup[2443]: Initializing machine ID from D-Bus machine ID. May 26 11:55:28 sysimage useradd[2835]: failed adding user 'apache', data deleted May 26 11:55:38 sysimage useradd[2842]: failed adding user 'haldaemon', data deleted May 26 11:55:43 sysimage useradd[2848]: failed adding user 'smolt', data deleted May 26 11:57:32 sysimage sendmail[3032]: alias database /etc/aliases rebuilt by root May 26 11:57:32 sysimage sendmail[3032]: /etc/aliases: 77 aliases, longest 23 bytes, 795 bytes total May 26 11:57:46 sysimage groupadd[3066]: group added to /etc/group: name=cgred, GID=482 May 26 11:57:47 sysimage groupadd[3066]: group added to /etc/gshadow: name=cgred May 26 11:57:47 sysimage groupadd[3066]: new group: name=cgred, GID=482 May 26 11:58:42 sysimage useradd[3086]: failed adding user 'ntp', data deleted May 26 12:00:13 sysimage dbus: avc: received policyload notice (seqno=2) May 26 12:15:08 sysimage useradd[4950]: failed adding user 'gdm', data deleted May 26 12:24:39 sysimage dbus: avc: received policyload notice (seqno=3) May 26 12:25:24 sysimage useradd[5522]: failed adding user 'mysql', data deleted May 26 12:25:37 sysimage useradd[5533]: failed adding user 'rpcuser', data deleted May 26 12:26:31 sysimage useradd[5592]: failed adding user 'tcpdump', data deleted Any suggestions before I revert installation to F14?

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• How to configure mod_proxy_balancer to gracefully fail under high load

  - by bramp

  We have a system which has one Apache instance in front of multiple tomcats. These tomcats then connect to various databases. We balance the load to the tomcat with mod_proxy_balancer. Currently we are receiving 100 requests a second, the load on the Apache server is quite low, but due to database heavy operations on the tomcats, the load there is roughly 25% (of what I estimate they can handle). In a few weeks there is an event happening and we estimate that our requests will jump significant, maybe by a factor of 10. I'm doing everything I can do reduce the load on our tomcats, but I know we are going to run out of capacity, so I would like to fail gracefully. By this I mean, instead of trying to deal with too many connections which all timeout, I would like Apache to somehow monitor average response time, and as soon as the response time to Tomcat is getting above some threshold, I would like a error page displayed. This means that users who are lucky still get a page rendered quickly, and those who are unlucky get a error page quickly. Instead of everyone waiting far too long for their page, and eventually everyone timing out, and the database being swamped with queries which are never used. Hopefully this makes sense, so I was looking for suggestions on how I could achieve this. thanks

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• Repository bugzilla package changed to bugzilla3 in Lenny; upgradable?

  - by Pukku

  This question was asked in debianhelp.org almost half a year ago, but never got an answer. I wasn't the one who posted it, however I was today facing exactly the same question. Not sure if copying it to here as such is considered as inappropriate or something, but there's not really anything that I would even like to paraphrase... So let's just go. (I'm sure you will be happy to close it, if this is not the way to go :) Hello all! We are using a Bugzilla server install on a Debian 4/Etch server and are starting to look at the upgrade to Debian 5/Lenny. I was hoping to upgrade the existing Bugzilla server and database from the oldstable (v2.22) to the newer stable in Lenny (v3) when we get to doing a dist-upgrade. However from testing in a virtual machine it seems that the old package was called "Bugzilla" whereas the Lenny package is called "Bugzilla3" and I could not figure a way to directly upgrade between the two. Is it possible to establish some kind of upgrade path quickly after the dist-upgrade to minimise downtime using apt-get or aptitude? Going on past experiences I would not want to do a fresh install with the Bugzilla3 package and attempt to inject the old database into it (previous attempts failed miserably!) :(

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• Shared firewall or multiple client specific firewalls?

  - by Tauren

  I'm trying to determine if I can use a single firewall for my entire network, including customer servers, or if each customer should have their own firewall. I've found that many hosting companies require each client with a cluster of servers to have their own firewall. If you need a web node and a database node, you also have to get a firewall, and pay another monthly fee for it. I have colo space with several KVM virtualization servers hosting VPS services to many different customers. Each KVM host is running a software iptables firewall that only allows specific ports to be accessed on each VPS. I can control which ports any given VPS has open, allowing a web VPS to be accessed from anywhere on ports 80 and 443, but blocking a database VPS completely to the outside and only allowing a certain other VPS to access it. The configuration works well for my current needs. Note that there is not a hardware firewall protecting the virtualization hosts in place at this time. However, the KVM hosts only have port 22 open, are running nothing except KVM and SSH, and even port 22 cannot be accessed except for inside the netblock. I'm looking at possibly rethinking my network now that I have a client who needs to transition from a single VPS onto two dedicated servers (one web and one DB). A different customer already has a single dedicated server that is not behind any firewall except iptables running on the system. Should I require that each dedicated server customer have their own dedicated firewall? Or can I utilize a single network-wide firewall for multiple customer clusters? I'm familiar with iptables, and am currently thinking I'll use it for any firewalls/routers that I need. But I don't necessarily want to use up 1U of space in my rack for each firewall, nor the power consumption each firewall server will take. So I'm considering a hardware firewall. Any suggestions on what is a good approach?

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• TFS 2012: Backup Plan Fails with empty log file

  - by Vitor

  I have a Team Foundation Server 2012 installation with Power Tools, and I defined a backup plan using the wizard found in the "Database Backup Tools" in the Team Foundation Server Administration Console. I set the backup plan to do a full database backup on Sunday mornings, to another server in the network. I followed the wizard with no problems and the Backup Plan was set successfully. However when the backup runs it returns Error as result and when I go to the log file I only get the header and no further info: [Info @01:00:01.078] ==================================================================== [Info @01:00:01.078] Team Foundation Server Administration Log [Info @01:00:01.078] Version : 11.0.50727.1 [Info @01:00:01.078] DateTime : 11/25/2012 02:00:01 [Info @01:00:01.078] Type : Full Backup Activity [Info @01:00:01.078] User : <backup user> [Info @01:00:01.078] Machine : <TFS Server> [Info @01:00:01.078] System : Microsoft Windows NT 6.2.9200.0 (AMD64) [Info @01:00:01.078] ==================================================================== I can imagine it's a permission problem, but I have no idea where to start ... Can anyone help? Thank you for your time! EDIT I'm not sure if it is related, but I logged in with "backup user" in "TFS Server" and there was this crash window opened with "TFS Power Tool Shell Extension (TfsComProviderSvr) has stopped working". The full crash log is here: Problem signature: Problem Event Name: APPCRASH Application Name: TfsComProviderSvr.exe Application Version: 11.0.50727.0 Application Timestamp: 5050cd2a Fault Module Name: StackHash_e8da Fault Module Version: 6.2.9200.16420 Fault Module Timestamp: 505aaa82 Exception Code: c0000374 Exception Offset: PCH_72_FROM_ntdll+0x00040DA8 OS Version: 6.2.9200.2.0.0.272.7 Locale ID: 1043 Additional Information 1: e8da Additional Information 2: e8dac447e1089515a72386afa6746972 Additional Information 3: d903 Additional Information 4: d9036f986c69f4492a70e4cf004fb44d Does it help? Thanks everyone!

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• What are some techniques to monitor multiple instances of a piece of software?

  - by Geo Ego

  It was recommended that I ask this question here by a member of StackOverflow. I have a piece of self-serve kiosk software that will be running at multiple sites. I'd like to monitor their status remotely. The kiosk application itself is pretty much finished. I am now in the process of creating a piece of software that will monitor all of the kiosks from a central location so that the customer can view particular details remotely (for instance, how many bills are in the acceptor's cash cartridge, what customer is currently logged in, etc.). Because I am in such an early stage of development, my options are quite open. I understand that I'm not giving very many qualifications, but I'd like to try to get a good variety of potential solutions. Some details: Kiosk software is a VB6 app running on Windows Embedded Monitoring software will be run on a modern desktop version of Windows (either XP, Vista, or 7) Database is SQL Server 2008 My initial idea was to develop a .NET app that would simply report the last database transaction for each kiosk at a set interval (say every second or so) but I'd really like for the kiosk software to report its status in real-time. I'm not exactly sure where to begin in terms of what modifications may need to be made to the kiosk software, and what the monitoring software will require. Links to articles on these topics would be most welcome.

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• SSO "Portal"

  - by Clinton Blackmore

  Pursuant to my question on alleviating the password explosion, I've contacted some of the services to whom we are paying money to access their websites to ask if we could authenticate our own users, and some of them said yes and send me specs on how to do so. (One of the sites called such a system a page a "portal"; I've never heard the term used in quite that way.) It is simple enough that I am tempted to roll my own. The largest complication is that one site wants us to store a key for every user in our database (and I think the LDAP database makes sense) after their initial login. So, non-trivial, but doable. The nature of these sorts of tasks, I expect, is that if they start out small and simple, they don't end that way. There must be some software that addresses this that is readily extended, surely. In my searching, I've come across: SimpleSAMLphp JOSSO RubyCAS-Server Shibboleth Pubcookie OpenID [Wow, gee. I'd missed some of those in my previous searches! The wikipedia page on Central Authentication Services is useful, and the section on Alternatives to OpenID makes it look like there is a lot of choice.] Can anyone recommend any of these, or suggest ones to avoid? Internally, we are authenticating using Apple's Open Directory [ == OpenLDAP + Kerberos + Password Server (which, I believe, == SAML) ]. As far as extending/tweaking/advanced configuration of a system, I am able to program in Python, C++, can do some basic PHP, and may be able to remember some Java. Looks like I need to pick up Ruby at some point. Addendum: I would also like users to be able to change their passwords over the web (and for certain users to change passwords of other users).

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• Dynamic subdomain routing

  - by Nader

  Hi everyone, I asked this question over at stackoverflow, but got very few views: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2284917/route-web-requests-to-different-servers-based-on-subdomain Perhaps it's more applicable to this crowd. Here it is again for convenience: I have a platform where a user can create a new website using a subdomain. There will be thousands of these, eg abc.mydomain.com, def.mydomain.com . Hopefully if we are successful hundreds of thousands. I need to be able to route these domains to a different IPs to point at a particular app server. I have this mapping in a database right now. What are the best practices and recommended technologies here? I see a couple options: Have DNS setup with a wildcard CNAME entry so that all requests go to a single IP where perhaps two machines using heartbeat (for failover) know how to look up the IP in the database and then do an http redirect to the appropriate app server. This seems clunky and slow to me. Run my own DNS server that can be programatically managed such that when a new site is created a DNS entry is added. We also move sites around to different app servers, so I would need to be able to update DNS entries in close to real time. Thoughts anyone? Thanks. Update2: I've setup external wildcard DNS pointing at an HAProxy web server whose job it is to route requests to backend servers. The mapping is stored in our internal PowerDNS server. Question now is how to get the HAProxy server (or another) to use the value of the internal DNS and not some config file or access list? – Update: Based on some suggestions below, it seems like reverse-proxy server(s) is the way to go. As I'll be rebalancing the domain-server mapping, these need to work instantly and the TTL on a DNS solution could be a problem. Any recommendations on software to use considering this domain-IP data is stored in a DB, and I'll need this to be performant?

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• how to define service runlevel order position?

  - by DmitrySemenov

  I setup bind-dlz and need mysql start prior NAMED when system starts here is what I have [root@semenov]# ./test.sh mysql 0:off 1:off 2:on 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off named 0:off 1:off 2:off 3:on 4:on 5:on 6:off lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Apr 15 18:57 /etc/rc3.d/S93mysql -> ../init.d/mysql lrwxrwxrwx. 1 root root 15 Apr 15 18:57 /etc/rc3.d/S90named -> ../init.d/named here is what I have in mysql init script # Comments to support chkconfig on RedHat Linux # chkconfig: 2345 84 16 # description: A very fast and reliable SQL database engine. # Comments to support LSB init script conventions ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: mysql # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Should-Start: ypbind nscd ldap ntpd xntpd # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $remote_fs # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: start and stop MySQL # Description: MySQL is a very fast and reliable SQL database engine. ### END INIT INFO so when I remove named from chkconfig and have there just mysql, it starts with order number 84: /etc/rc3.d/S84mysql - ../init.d/mysql but when I add named inside chkconfig it's order changes to 93: /etc/rc3.d/S93mysql - ../init.d/mysql as a result mysql will be starting after named and named will fail (no sql available) any ideas what I'm doing wrong? here is what I have in named init script # chkconfig: 345 90 16 # description: named (BIND) is a Domain Name Server (DNS) \ # that is used to resolve host names to IP addresses. # probe: true ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: $named # Required-Start: $local_fs $network $syslog # Required-Stop: $local_fs $network $syslog # Default-Start:2 3 4 # Default-Stop: 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 # Short-Description: start|stop|status|restart|try-restart|reload|force-reload DNS server # Description: control ISC BIND implementation of DNS server ### END INIT INFO thanks, Dmitry

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• Setting kernel memory for installing postgresql

  - by Matthieu Taymans

  My question is about setting the kernel shared memory for installing postgresql on mac osx 10.6.8. In the readme file of postgresql it is said: Shared Memory PostgreSQL uses shared memory extensively for caching and inter-process communication. Unfortunately, the default configuration of Mac OS X does not allow suitable amounts of shared memory to be created to run the database server. Before running the installation, please ensure that your system is configured to allow the use of larger amounts of shared memory. Note that this does not 'reserve' any memory so it is safe to configure much higher values than you might initially need. You can do this by editting the file /etc/sysctl.conf - e.g. % sudo vi /etc/sysctl.conf On a MacBook Pro with 2GB of RAM, the author's sysctl.conf contains: kern.sysv.shmmax=1610612736 kern.sysv.shmall=393216 kern.sysv.shmmin=1 kern.sysv.shmmni=32 kern.sysv.shmseg=8 kern.maxprocperuid=512 kern.maxproc=2048 Note that (kern.sysv.shmall * 4096) should be greater than or equal to kern.sysv.shmmax. kern.sysv.shmmax must also be a multiple of 4096. Once you have edited (or created) the file, reboot before continuing with the installation. If you wish to check the settings currently being used by the kernel, you can use the sysctl utility: % sysctl -a The database server can now be installed. I'm a real beginner with all this but need to instal postgresql for academic purposes do you know how i can set this kernel shared memory. Won't that be harmful for my system? Thank you in advance. Matthieu

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• Team Foundation Server 2008 - TF220056 Error during installation

  - by David

  I'm attempting to install Team Foundation Server 2008 on a Windows Server 2003 instance that exists under Hyper-V. The SQL Server database itself is held on the root partition of the Hyper-V server and has the Reporting Services installed (so I've solved the TF220059 error already). After hitting "Next " after typing the name of the SQL Server I get this error: --------------------------- Microsoft Visual Studio 2008 Team Foundation Server Setup --------------------------- TF220056: An unrecoverable error occurred while trying to check the status of the Team Foundation database. Installation cannot continue. Check the install log for more details. --------------------------- OK --------------------------- The error log's stack trace makes it look like a bug in the TFS installer itself: [03/22/10,19:14:42] TFSUI: [2] tfsdb.exe: System.IO.IOException: The directory name is invalid. [03/22/10,19:14:42] TFSUI: [2] tfsdb.exe: at System.IO.__Error.WinIOError(Int32 errorCode, String maybeFullPath) [03/22/10,19:14:42] TFSUI: [2] tfsdb.exe: at System.IO.__Error.WinIOError() [03/22/10,19:14:43] TFSUI: [2] tfsdb.exe: at System.IO.Path.GetTempFileName() [03/22/10,19:14:43] TFSUI: [2] tfsdb.exe: at Microsoft.TeamFoundation.DatabaseInstaller.CommandLine.Commands.InstallerCommand.get_Log() [03/22/10,19:14:43] TFSUI: [2] tfsdb.exe: at Microsoft.TeamFoundation.DatabaseInstaller.CommandLine.Commands.InstallerCommand.Run() [03/22/10,19:14:43] TFSUI: [2] tfsdb.exe: at Microsoft.TeamFoundation.DatabaseInstaller.CommandLine.CommandLine.RunCommand(String[] args) [03/22/10,19:14:43] TFSUI: [2] tfsdb.exe: The directory name is invalid. [03/22/10,19:14:43] TFSUI: [2] tfsdb.exe check failed with error code: 100 I'm running the installer as the domain Administrator, although the server is a Terminal Server in Application Mode, might that be the cause of the problems?

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• Error creating ODBC connection to SQL Server 2008 Express

  - by DavidB

  When creating a System DSN, I get the error: Connection failed: SQLState: '08001' SQL Server Error: 2 [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 10.0]Named Pipes Provider: Could not open a connection to SQL Server [2]. Connection failed: SQLState: 'HYT00' SQL Server Error: 0 [Microsoft][SQL Server Native Client 10.0]Login timeout expired I'm running Vista Home Premium 64-bit SP2, and installed SQL Server 2008 Express Advanced without errors. I'll be using the database locally for an app installed on the same PC. I'm able to successfully connect with SQL Server Management Studio using Windows Authentication (my Windows account is a member of local Administrators), and I can successfully create a database with default ownership (defaults to my Windows account). SQL Server Configuration Manager shows that Shared Memory, TCP/IP, and Named Pipes are enabled for SQL Native Client 10.0 Configuration, SQL Native Client 10.0 Configuration (32bit), and SQL Server Network Configuration (SQLEXPRESS). The SQL Server (SQLEXPRESS) and SQL Server Reporting Services (SQLEXPRESS) services are running. When I create a system DSN, my driver choices are SQL server (sqlsrv32.dll 4-10-09), which gives a generic wizard, and SQL Server Native Client 10.0 (sqlncli10.dll 7-10-08), which gives the SQL Server 2008 wizard. I choose the latter. I enter name, description, and have tried both MyPCName and 127.0.0.1 for the server name (browsing turns up nothing). After clicking Next, I leave it at Integrated Windows authentication, and leave Connect to server for additional options checked. After clicking Next, I get the error above. I know it's probably a simple answer, (permission issue?) and I'm a SQL noob, so I appreciate anything that would point me in the right direction. Thanks!

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• DPM 2007 clashing with existing SQL backup job

  - by Paul D'Ambra

  I've recently installed a DPM2007 server on Server 2003 and have set up a protection group against a server 2003 server running SQL 2005 SP3. The SQL server in question has a full backup (as a sql agent job) once a day and transaction log backups hourly. These are zipped up and FTP'd to a server offsite by a scheduled task. Since adding the DPM job I'm receiving many error messages: DPM tried to do a SQL log backup, either as part of a backup job or a recovery to latest point in time job. The SQL log backup job has detected a discontinuity in the SQL log chain for database SERVER_NAME\DB_Name since the last backup. All incremental backup jobs will fail until an express full backup runs. My google-fu suggests that I need to change the full backup my sqlagent job is running to a copy_only job. But I think this means that I can't use that backup with the transaction_logs to restore the database if the building (including the DPM server) burns down. I'm sure I'm missing something obvious and thought I'd see what the hivemind suggests. It is an option to set-up a co-located DPM server elsewhere and have DPM stream the backup but that's obviously more expensive than the current set up. Many thanks in advance

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• Mail to Mailenable group sometimes bounces back because it cannot find one of the group members

  - by Stanley

  I am using MailEnable Enterprise Edition 6.53. On one of my PostOffices I have a group address set up with 5 members in the group. Under normal circumstances when someone sends a mail to this group then the mail gets successfully forwarded to all 5 members in the group. However, every now and then when a recipient sends to the group they get a bounce back message from us that the mail could not be delivered because one of the user's addresses was not found on the server. This could happen for any one of the 5 users in the group. The error message looks like: Message could not be delivered. Error was: The email address is not available on this system The following recipient(s) could not be reached: [SF:mydomain.com/my_username] What could be causing this and how do I fix it? Obviously the mailbox DOES exist as, under normal circumstances, when someone mails the group the mail gets delivered successfully and forwarded to all group members. All the mailboxes most definitely DO exist on the system. EDIT: I have done more investigation and I see an error in Windows Event Viewer: MailEnable Database Provider error: 0 FAILURE: (SQLDriverConnect), Module: MEIMAPS.exe; Error: [Microsoft][ODBC SQL Server Driver]Timeout expired This seems to be related to http://forum.mailenable.com/viewtopic.php?p=53157 and http://www.mailenable.com/kb/content/view.asp?ID=ME020535 but the setups in these links use MySQL as a database whereas we use SQL Server. Maybe this shines some new light on the problem?

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• How can I configure Cyrus IMAP to submit a default realm to SASL?

  - by piwi

  I have configured Postfix to work with SASL using plain text, where the former automatically submits a default realm to the latter when requesting authentication. Assuming the domain name is example.com and the user is foo, here is how I configured it on my Debian system so far. In the postfix configuration file /etc/main.cf: smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $mydomain The SMTP configuration file /etc/postfix/smtpd.conf contains: pwcheck_method: saslauthd mech_list: PLAIN The SASL daemon is configured with the sasldb mechanism in /etc/default/saslauthd: MECHANIMS="sasldb" The SASL database file contains a single user, shown by sasldblistusers2: [email protected]: userPassword The authentication works well without having to provide a realm, as postifx does that for me. However, I cannot find out how to tell the Cyrus IMAP daemon to do the same. I created a user cyrus in my SASL database, which uses the realm of the host domain name, not example.com, for administrative purpose. I used this account to create a mailbox through cyradm for the user foo: cm user.foo IMAP is configured in /etc/imapd.conf this way: allowplaintext: yes sasl_minimum_layer: 0 sasl_pwcheck_method: saslauthd sasl_mech_list: PLAIN servername: mail.example.com If I enable cross-realm authentication (loginrealms: example.com), trying to authenticate using imtest works with these options: imtest -m login -a [email protected] localhost However, I would like to be able to authenticate without having to specify the realm, like this: imtest -m login -a foo localhost I thought that using virtdomains (setting it either to userid or on) and defaultdomain: example.com would do just that, but I cannot get to make it work. I always end up with this error: cyrus/imap[11012]: badlogin: localhost [127.0.0.1] plaintext foo SASL(-13): authentication failure: checkpass failed What I understand is that cyrus-imapd never tries to submit the realm when trying to authenticate the user foo. My question: how can I tell cyrus-imapd to send the domain name as the realm automatically? Thanks for your insights!

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• Program for remove exact duplicate files while caching search results

  - by John Thomas

  We need a Windows 7 program to remove/check the duplicates but our situation is somewhat different than the standard one for which there are enough programs. We have a fairly large static archive (collection) of photos spread on several disks. Let's call them Disk A..M. We have also some disks (let's call them Disk 1..9) which contain some duplicates which are to be found on disks A..M. We want to add to our collection new disks (N, O, P... aso.) which will contain the photos from disks 1..9 but, of course, we don't want to have any photos two (or more) times. Of course, theoretically, the task can be solved with a regular file duplicate remover but the time needed will be very big. Ideally, AFAIS now, the real solution would be a program which will scan the disks A..M, store the file sizes/hashes of the photos in an indexed database/file(s) and will check the new disks (1..9) against this database. However I have hard time to find such a program (if exists). Other things to note: we consider that the Disks A..M (the collection) doesn't have any duplicates on them the file names might be changed we aren't interested in approximated (fuzzy) comparison which can be found in some photo comparing programs. We hunt for exact duplicate files. we aren't afraid of command line. :-) we need to work on Win7/XP we prefer (of course) to be freeware TIA for any suggestions, John Th.

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• Big Data – Buzz Words: What is HDFS – Day 8 of 21

  - by Pinal Dave

  In yesterday’s blog post we learned what is MapReduce. In this article we will take a quick look at one of the four most important buzz words which goes around Big Data – HDFS. What is HDFS ? HDFS stands for Hadoop Distributed File System and it is a primary storage system used by Hadoop. It provides high performance access to data across Hadoop clusters. It is usually deployed on low-cost commodity hardware. In commodity hardware deployment server failures are very common. Due to the same reason HDFS is built to have high fault tolerance. The data transfer rate between compute nodes in HDFS is very high, which leads to reduced risk of failure. HDFS creates smaller pieces of the big data and distributes it on different nodes. It also copies each smaller piece to multiple times on different nodes. Hence when any node with the data crashes the system is automatically able to use the data from a different node and continue the process. This is the key feature of the HDFS system. Architecture of HDFS The architecture of the HDFS is master/slave architecture. An HDFS cluster always consists of single NameNode. This single NameNode is a master server and it manages the file system as well regulates access to various files. In additional to NameNode there are multiple DataNodes. There is always one DataNode for each data server. In HDFS a big file is split into one or more blocks and those blocks are stored in a set of DataNodes. The primary task of the NameNode is to open, close or rename files and directory and regulate access to the file system, whereas the primary task of the DataNode is read and write to the file systems. DataNode is also responsible for the creation, deletion or replication of the data based on the instruction from NameNode. In reality, NameNode and DataNode are software designed to run on commodity machine build in Java language. Visual Representation of HDFS Architecture Let us understand how HDFS works with the help of the diagram. Client APP or HDFS Client connects to NameSpace as well as DataNode. Client App access to the DataNode is regulated by NameSpace Node. NameSpace Node allows Client App to connect to the DataNode based by allowing the connection to the DataNode directly. A big data file is divided into multiple data blocks (let us assume that those data chunks are A,B,C and D. Client App will later on write data blocks directly to the DataNode. Client App does not have to directly write to all the node. It just has to write to any one of the node and NameNode will decide on which other DataNode it will have to replicate the data. In our example Client App directly writes to DataNode 1 and detained 3. However, data chunks are automatically replicated to other nodes. All the information like in which DataNode which data block is placed is written back to NameNode. High Availability During Disaster Now as multiple DataNode have same data blocks in the case of any DataNode which faces the disaster, the entire process will continue as other DataNode will assume the role to serve the specific data block which was on the failed node. This system provides very high tolerance to disaster and provides high availability. If you notice there is only single NameNode in our architecture. If that node fails our entire Hadoop Application will stop performing as it is a single node where we store all the metadata. As this node is very critical, it is usually replicated on another clustered as well as on another data rack. Though, that replicated node is not operational in architecture, it has all the necessary data to perform the task of the NameNode in the case of the NameNode fails. The entire Hadoop architecture is built to function smoothly even there are node failures or hardware malfunction. It is built on the simple concept that data is so big it is impossible to have come up with a single piece of the hardware which can manage it properly. We need lots of commodity (cheap) hardware to manage our big data and hardware failure is part of the commodity servers. To reduce the impact of hardware failure Hadoop architecture is built to overcome the limitation of the non-functioning hardware. Tomorrow In tomorrow’s blog post we will discuss the importance of the relational database in Big Data. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: Big Data, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Query, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL

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• Hiera datatypes wont load in Puppet

  - by Cole Shores

  I have spent a couple of days on this, followed the instructions on http://downloads.puppetlabs.com/docs/puppetmanual.pdf and even the Puppet Training Advanced Puppet manual. When I run a test against it, the results always come back as 'nil' and Im not sure why. I am running Puppet 3.6.1 Community Edition, with Hiera 1.2.1 on SLES 11. My puppet.conf file at /etc/puppet/puppet.conf consists of: [main] # The Puppet log directory. # The default value is '$vardir/log'. logdir = /var/log/puppet # Where Puppet PID files are kept. # The default value is '$vardir/run'. rundir = /var/run/puppet # Where SSL certificates are kept. # The default value is '$confdir/ssl'. ssldir = $vardir/ssl certificate_revocation = false [master] hiera_config=/etc/puppet/hiera.yaml reporturl = http://puppet2.vvmedia.com/reports/upload ssl_client_header = SSL_CLIENT_S_DN ssl_client_verify_header = SSL_CLIENT_VERIFY # certname = dev-puppetmaster2.vvmedia.com # ca_name = 'dev-puppetmaster2.vvmedia.com' # facts_terminus = rest # inventory_server = localhost # ca = false [agent] # The file in which puppetd stores a list of the classes # associated with the retrieved configuratiion. Can be loaded in # the separate ``puppet`` executable using the ``--loadclasses`` # option. # The default value is '$confdir/classes.txt'. classfile = $vardir/classes.txt # Where puppetd caches the local configuration. An # extension indicating the cache format is added automatically. # The default value is '$confdir/localconfig'. localconfig = $vardir/localconfig my /etc/puppet/hiera.yaml consists of: :backends: yaml :yaml: :datadir: /etc/puppet/hieradata :hierarchy: - common - database I have a directory created in /etc/puppet/hieradata and within it contains: /etc/puppet/hieradata/common.yaml :nameserver: ["dnsserverfoo1", "dnsserverfoo2"] :smtp_server: relay.internalfoo.com :syslog_server: syslogfoo.com :logstash_shipper: logstashfoo.com :syslog_backup_nfs: nfsfoo:/vol/logs :auth_method: ldap :manage_root: true and /etc/puppet/hieradata/database.yaml :enable_graphital: true :mysql_server_package: MySQL-server :mysql_client_package: MySQL-client :allowed_groups_login: extranet_users does anyone have any idea what could be causing Hiera to not load the requested values? I have tried even restarting the Master. Thanks in advance, Cole

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