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  • How is fundamental mathematics efficiently evaluated by programming languages?

    - by Korvin Szanto
    As I get more and more involved with the theory behind programming, I find myself fascinated and dumbfounded by seemingly simple things.. I realize that my understanding of the majority of fundamental processes is justified through circular logic Q: How does this work? A: Because it does! I hate this realization! I love knowledge, and on top of that I love learning, which leads me to my question (albeit it's a broad one). Question: How are fundamental mathematical operators assessed with programming languages? How have current methods been improved? Example var = 5 * 5; My interpretation: $num1 = 5; $num2 = 5; $num3 = 0; while ($num2 > 0) { $num3 = $num3 + $num1; $num2 = $num2 - 1; } echo $num3; This seems to be highly inefficient. With Higher factors, this method is very slow while the standard built in method is instantanious. How would you simulate multiplication without iterating addition? var = 5 / 5; How is this even done? I can't think of a way to literally split it 5 into 5 equal parts. var = 5 ^ 5; Iterations of iterations of addition? My interpretation: $base = 5; $mod = 5; $num1 = $base; while ($mod > 1) { $num2 = 5; $num3 = 0; while ($num2 > 0) { $num3 = $num3 + $num1; $num2 = $num2 - 1; } $num1 = $num3; $mod -=1; } echo $num3; Again, this is EXTREMELY inefficient, yet I can't think of another way to do this. This same question extends to all mathematical related functions that are handled automagically.

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  • What is the easiest way to migrate your current programming environment to a new laptop?

    - by Fanatic23
    I have a WinXP based laptop with pretty basic hardware configuration by today's standards. I am planning to upgrade to a WinXP based laptop with a lot better hardware. The problem: My current laptop has truck loads of software like cygwin, perl, ruby etc. Installing each software manually is going to be pretty cumbersome. Not to mention customizing the packages. Is there any software (freeware or commercial, both okay) that can migrate my current programming environment with minimum fuss?

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  • New Oracle EM Book: "Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control Advanced OEM Techniques for the Real World" - First to include EM11g

    - by cristobal.soto(at)oracle.com
    The first book written about Enterprise Manager that covers the new Enterprise Manager Grid Control 11g which was released in April 2010 can be ordered now at a significant discount from http://www.rampant-books.com/book_1001_advanced_techniques_oem_grid_control.htmAbout the Author: Porus HavewalaPorus is a Senior Manager (Database Management) in the Enterprise Technology Program Office of Oracle Corporation based in Singapore. He has published numerous articles on Grid Control and RMAN on OTN, and created the world's first blog dedicated to Grid Control. Porus frequently speaks about Enterprise Manager at industry conferences and has created and executed an innovative program of seminars and workshops.

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  • I want to be a developer (website and web application) and want to choose asp.net as a programming lang

    - by jeet
    I want to be a developer (website and web application) and want to choose asp.net as a programming lang. I am currently an intermediate web designer. My friend told me that there are many things in asp.net My question is I am interested in website and web application development Is there any specific thing I have to learn to be a web developer or I have to learn the whole. Also, what does a developer has to do? key skills if he choose asp.net? Thanks :)

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  • What legal considerations do I need to have when programming?

    - by JustJohn
    Recently I worked with a group to create a logging system for tutoring labs to track Tutor hours, and usage of the labs. We had to change the design a fair amount to be in compliance with FERPA. My question stems from the curiosity that in my course of study there has never been a real mention of how people in this field have to deal with complying with the law in their work. So I would like to know how much programmers have to consider the law in the work they do.

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  • what is the task of a coach in acm programming contests?

    - by Layla
    In the university that I am working they have decided to participate in the ACM regionals for the first time, they would like to appoint me like a coach. I have never been into that situation before and have not found so much information about it, so what is the real work of a coach in those contests? Sometimes I have found experienced programmers like coaches, but others are just people with no so good programming skills; so what is all about?

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  • Office lights on or off in programming department? How to decide? [closed]

    - by smp7d
    At my company, the programmers who sit in the same area are constantly fighting over whether the lights stay on or off. Because there is no official policy it makes it a particularly sticky situation. We are a typical cube-farm and we have those typical cube-farm fluorescent lights and smaller ones at our desks. With the lights off, it is difficult to read and you would probably need to turn on your desk light (which some people do anyway). All programmers in our department do most of their reading on their monitor because of the nature of our business. Some feel that we should have a vote to decide whether the lights stay on or off. A couple who prefer 'lights on' feel that the vote would need to be unanimous to turn them off as having them on is the more natural office setting. Those who want them off point out that all other departments keep their lights off. I have heard all of the arguments: -Fluorescent lights cause eye strain -Reading in dark causes eye strain -The desk lights can be used if light is needed -People from other departments feel uncomfortable approaching us in the "dark" -The monitors are harder to see in the light ... Right now, some of the developers turn off the lights and some turn them on. It really just depends who last walked by the switch. I am a bit sick of the controversy as it feels a bit childish at the moment. I'm tired of hearing about it and I'm tired of having to talk about it. I tried to help them decide but as I explained, voting wasn't enough. Do other programming departments have this same argument? What is the standard or traditionally accepted option in a programming area? Are there any good reasons for one way or the other outside of preference? How can we decide fairly? EDIT Just a little more info... We do not have clients/visitors come into our office. We do have windows and hall lights that make our environment plenty bearable with the lights off. It kind of resembles a meeting room that has the lights off during a powerpoint presentation.

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  • Can anyone list some real examples of 'HTML5' being used in the wild?

    - by betamax
    I am using HTML5 in the same way everyone seems to be using it these days, meaning: HTML5 tags, Canvas / 3D / javascript and CSS3. I am struggling to find examples of sites that are using these technologies practically and that are not just a demo of something cool someone has managed to do using Canvas or CSS3 transforms or shapes. I am looking for sites that have a nice visual look but also take advantage of things like animation, scrolling and offset à la Silverback or the Canvas to create an interactive and I guess 'Flash-looking' site. These are some examples that I have found: Scrolling http://nikebetterworld.com/index http://benthebodyguard.com/ Animation http://www.elladesign.com/contact.html Other http://www.pirateslovedaisies.com/ I am using HTML5 loosely and I hate to be using it. I would be happy if you listed a really visually appealing Javascript-based site but it didn't have the HTML5 doctype.

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  • Should i expect real world questions from interviewing agency ? [closed]

    - by KPO
    I started coding almost a year ago. By "coding" I mean HTML(5), CSS(3), and only few times I implemented some AJAX and JavaScript. I am interviewing for a position that expects me to know HTML, CSS, JS, JQuery, and AJAX. I feel confident in HTML5/CSS3 subject area and somewhat ok with javascript. Will agency expect from me to write some code during the interview? I do have a live website as an example which contains snapshots of past projects which were sent to them. I am little nervous, so any tips or recommendations are welcome.

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  • Using mod_rewrite for a Virtual Filesystem vs. Real Filesystem

    - by philtune
    I started working in a department that uses a CMS in which the entire "filesystem" is like this: create a named file or folder - this file is given a unique node (ex. 2345) as well as a default "filename" (ex. /WelcomeToOurProductsPage) and apply a template assign one or more aliases to the file for a URL redirect (ex. /home-page-products - can also be accessed by /home-page-products.aspx) A new Rewrite command is written on the .htaccess file for each and every alias Server accesses either /WelcomeToOurProductsPage or /home-page-products and redirects to something like /template.aspx?tmp=2&node=2345 (here I'm guessing what it does - I only have front-end access for now - but I have enough clues to strongly assume) Node 2345 grabs content stored in a SQL Db and applies it to the template. Note: There are no actual files being created on the filesystem. It's entirely virtual. This is probably a very common thing, but since I have never run across this kind of system before two months ago, I wanted to explain it in case it isn't common. I'm not a fan at all of ASP or closed-sourced systems, so it may be that this is common practice for ASP developers. My question, that has taken far too long to ask, is: what are the benefits of this kind of system, as opposed to creating an actual file hierarchy? Are there any drawbacks to having every single file server call redirected? To having the .htaccess file hold rewrite rules for every single alias?

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  • How do I know, when my develpment skills is enough to do some "real" job?

    - by hjdm
    I am in proccess of constant learning web technologies now. I have know php, pure javascript ( I think, I can pick up jquery fast if needed ), html, css and basic crud with databases. I understand how MVC frameworks work. I have made a couple websites for friends ( one with my own engine ). Maybe it is time to try to do some interesting stuff for someone? ( say freelance or try to find some job in this industry ) Which expierence did you have, when you got your first job?

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  • Is there a quick and practical (hands on) way to learn another programming language?

    - by Tamsin
    Due to rather strange circumstances, I only have until Monday to learn (at least) the basics of PHP and .NET programming. I'm already fairly competent (though there is a lot of room for improvement) in C++ so I feel I have some of the concepts nailed already, but I need to get into the two languages in a bit more depth in a very short time frame. Unfortunately I won't have time to get any books so will need to exclusively use online resources, I'm more of a 'do-er' so any way to test my skills in a practical way would be a huge bonus :-)

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  • When going for an interview for web development at an agency, can a real example be expected?

    - by KPO
    I just started coding a year ago. By "coding" I mean HTML(5), CSS(3), and only a few times I implemented AJAX and JavaScript. I am interviewing for a position that expects me to know HTML, CSS, JS, JQuery, and AJAX. I am good with HTML5/CSS3 and somewhat ok with js. If I go for an interview, will they expect me to write code during the interview? I do have a live website as an example and snapshots of past projects that I sent to them. I am a little nervous, so any tips or something from your experience I can learn will be helpful.

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  • C# calendar needs Business Logic for real-time reminders? [on hold]

    - by lazfish
    I am not a super experienced C# user, though I have some experience in .Net and VB.Net. Just got this new job and my first assignment is a mission critical part of the business. It is pretty important I get it right so I was hoping for some sage advice. We have created a calendar using jQuery, C#, .Net & SQL Server 08. The calendar works but now we are wanting to add email, SMS and voice-call reminders. We are a small company and can do whatever we need to do with no restrictions on our IT environment. I have some base-line experience with Unix servers but would prefer to stay in the Micro$oft universe if it is prudent to do so. I know how to add the API calls and services to initiate these reminders (using built in email services for email and Twilio.com for SMS). I am asking for advice about how to approach a reliable and timely listener service that knows when to call the service or API for the reminder before an appointment. EG. SMS: "You have a conference call in 30 minutes." I have done some research, but it is hard to know what is a proven reliable approach. What I am looking for is an experienced opinion on a good (or the best) strategy for implementing a solution that will reliably listen for appointments and dispatch the reminders when needed.

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  • How to add correct cancellation when downloading a file with the example in the samples of the new P

    - by Mike
    Hello everybody, I have downloaded the last samples of the Parallel Programming team, and I don't succeed in adding correctly the possibility to cancel the download of a file. Here is the code I ended to have: var wreq = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(uri); // Fire start event DownloadStarted(this, new DownloadStartedEventArgs(remoteFilePath)); long totalBytes = 0; wreq.DownloadDataInFileAsync(tmpLocalFile, cancellationTokenSource.Token, allowResume, totalBytesAction => { totalBytes = totalBytesAction; }, readBytes => { Log.Debug("Progression : {0} / {1} => {2}%", readBytes, totalBytes, 100 * (double)readBytes / totalBytes); DownloadProgress(this, new DownloadProgressEventArgs(remoteFilePath, readBytes, totalBytes, (int)(100 * readBytes / totalBytes))); }) .ContinueWith( (antecedent ) => { if (antecedent.IsFaulted) Log.Debug(antecedent.Exception.Message); //Fire end event SetEndDownload(antecedent.IsCanceled, antecedent.Exception, tmpLocalFile, 0); }, cancellationTokenSource.Token); I want to fire an end event after the download is finished, hence the ContinueWith. I slightly changed the code of the samples to add the CancellationToken and the 2 delegates to get the size of the file to download, and the progression of the download: return webRequest.GetResponseAsync() .ContinueWith(response => { if (totalBytesAction != null) totalBytesAction(response.Result.ContentLength); response.Result.GetResponseStream().WriteAllBytesAsync(filePath, ct, resumeDownload, progressAction).Wait(ct); }, ct); I had to add the call to the Wait function, because if I don't, the method exits and the end event is fired too early. Here are the modified method extensions (lot of code, apologies :p) public static Task WriteAllBytesAsync(this Stream stream, string filePath, CancellationToken ct, bool resumeDownload = false, Action<long> progressAction = null) { if (stream == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("stream"); // Copy from the source stream to the memory stream and return the copied data return stream.CopyStreamToFileAsync(filePath, ct, resumeDownload, progressAction); } public static Task CopyStreamToFileAsync(this Stream source, string destinationPath, CancellationToken ct, bool resumeDownload = false, Action<long> progressAction = null) { if (source == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("source"); if (destinationPath == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("destinationPath"); // Open the output file for writing var destinationStream = FileAsync.OpenWrite(destinationPath); // Copy the source to the destination stream, then close the output file. return CopyStreamToStreamAsync(source, destinationStream, ct, progressAction).ContinueWith(t => { var e = t.Exception; destinationStream.Close(); if (e != null) throw e; }, ct, TaskContinuationOptions.ExecuteSynchronously, TaskScheduler.Current); } public static Task CopyStreamToStreamAsync(this Stream source, Stream destination, CancellationToken ct, Action<long> progressAction = null) { if (source == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("source"); if (destination == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("destination"); return Task.Factory.Iterate(CopyStreamIterator(source, destination, ct, progressAction)); } private static IEnumerable<Task> CopyStreamIterator(Stream input, Stream output, CancellationToken ct, Action<long> progressAction = null) { // Create two buffers. One will be used for the current read operation and one for the current // write operation. We'll continually swap back and forth between them. byte[][] buffers = new byte[2][] { new byte[BUFFER_SIZE], new byte[BUFFER_SIZE] }; int filledBufferNum = 0; Task writeTask = null; int readBytes = 0; // Until there's no more data to be read or cancellation while (true) { ct.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); // Read from the input asynchronously var readTask = input.ReadAsync(buffers[filledBufferNum], 0, buffers[filledBufferNum].Length); // If we have no pending write operations, just yield until the read operation has // completed. If we have both a pending read and a pending write, yield until both the read // and the write have completed. yield return writeTask == null ? readTask : Task.Factory.ContinueWhenAll(new[] { readTask, writeTask }, tasks => tasks.PropagateExceptions()); // If no data was read, nothing more to do. if (readTask.Result <= 0) break; readBytes += readTask.Result; if (progressAction != null) progressAction(readBytes); // Otherwise, write the written data out to the file writeTask = output.WriteAsync(buffers[filledBufferNum], 0, readTask.Result); // Swap buffers filledBufferNum ^= 1; } } So basically, at the end of the chain of called methods, I let the CancellationToken throw an OperationCanceledException if a Cancel has been requested. What I hoped was to get IsFaulted == true in the appealing code and to fire the end event with the canceled flags and the correct exception. But what I get is an unhandled exception on the line response.Result.GetResponseStream().WriteAllBytesAsync(filePath, ct, resumeDownload, progressAction).Wait(ct); telling me that I don't catch an AggregateException. I've tried various things, but I don't succeed to make the whole thing work properly. Does anyone of you have played enough with that library and may help me? Thanks in advance Mike

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  • How would you go about tackling this problem? [SOLVED in C++]

    - by incrediman
    Intro: EDIT: See solution at the bottom of this question (c++) I have a programming contest coming up in about half a week, and I've been prepping :) I found a bunch of questions from this canadian competition, they're great practice: http://cemc.math.uwaterloo.ca/contests/computing/2009/stage2/day1.pdf I'm looking at problem B ("Dinner"). Any idea where to start? I can't really think of anything besides the naive approach (ie. trying all permutations) which would take too long to be a valid answer. Btw, the language there says c++ and pascal I think, but i don't care what language you use - I mean really all I want is a hint as to the direction I should proceed in, and perhpas a short explanation to go along with it. It feels like I'm missing something obvious... Of course extended speculation is more than welcome, but I just wanted to clarify that I'm not looking for a full solution here :) Short version of the question: You have a binary string N of length 1-100 (in the question they use H's and G's instead of one's and 0's). You must remove all of the digits from it, in the least number of steps possible. In each step you may remove any number of adjacent digits so long as they are the same. That is, in each step you can remove any number of adjacent G's, or any number of adjacent H's, but you can't remove H's and G's in one step. Example: HHHGHHGHH Solution to the example: 1. HHGGHH (remove middle Hs) 2. HHHH (remove middle Gs) 3. Done (remove Hs) -->Would return '3' as the answer. Note that there can also be a limit placed on how large adjacent groups have to be when you remove them. For example it might say '2', and then you can't remove single digits (you'd have to remove pairs or larger groups at a time). Solution I took Mark Harrison's main algorithm, and Paradigm's grouping idea and used them to create the solution below. You can try it out on the official test cases if you want. //B.cpp //include debug messages? #define DEBUG false #include <iostream> #include <stdio.h> #include <vector> using namespace std; #define FOR(i,n) for (int i=0;i<n;i++) #define FROM(i,s,n) for (int i=s;i<n;i++) #define H 'H' #define G 'G' class String{ public: int num; char type; String(){ type=H; num=0; } String(char type){ this->type=type; num=1; } }; //n is the number of bits originally in the line //k is the minimum number of people you can remove at a time //moves is the counter used to determine how many moves we've made so far int n, k, moves; int main(){ /*Input from File*/ scanf("%d %d",&n,&k); char * buffer = new char[200]; scanf("%s",buffer); /*Process input into a vector*/ //the 'line' is a vector of 'String's (essentially contigious groups of identical 'bits') vector<String> line; line.push_back(String()); FOR(i,n){ //if the last String is of the correct type, simply increment its count if (line.back().type==buffer[i]) line.back().num++; //if the last String is of the wrong type but has a 0 count, correct its type and set its count to 1 else if (line.back().num==0){ line.back().type=buffer[i]; line.back().num=1; } //otherwise this is the beginning of a new group, so create the new group at the back with the correct type, and a count of 1 else{ line.push_back(String(buffer[i])); } } /*Geedily remove groups until there are at most two groups left*/ moves=0; int I;//the position of the best group to remove int bestNum;//the size of the newly connected group the removal of group I will create while (line.size()>2){ /*START DEBUG*/ if (DEBUG){ cout<<"\n"<<moves<<"\n----\n"; FOR(i,line.size()) printf("%d %c \n",line[i].num,line[i].type); cout<<"----\n"; } /*END DEBUG*/ I=1; bestNum=-1; FROM(i,1,line.size()-1){ if (line[i-1].num+line[i+1].num>bestNum && line[i].num>=k){ bestNum=line[i-1].num+line[i+1].num; I=i; } } //remove the chosen group, thus merging the two adjacent groups line[I-1].num+=line[I+1].num; line.erase(line.begin()+I);line.erase(line.begin()+I); moves++; } /*START DEBUG*/ if (DEBUG){ cout<<"\n"<<moves<<"\n----\n"; FOR(i,line.size()) printf("%d %c \n",line[i].num,line[i].type); cout<<"----\n"; cout<<"\n\nFinal Answer: "; } /*END DEBUG*/ /*Attempt the removal of the last two groups, and output the final result*/ if (line.size()==2 && line[0].num>=k && line[1].num>=k) cout<<moves+2;//success else if (line.size()==1 && line[0].num>=k) cout<<moves+1;//success else cout<<-1;//not everyone could dine. /*START DEBUG*/ if (DEBUG){ cout<<" moves."; } /*END DEBUG*/ }

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  • [C++] A minimalistic smart array (container) class template

    - by legends2k
    I've written a (array) container class template (lets call it smart array) for using it in the BREW platform (which doesn't allow many C++ constructs like STD library, exceptions, etc. It has a very minimal C++ runtime support); while writing this my friend said that something like this already exists in Boost called MultiArray, I tried it but the ARM compiler (RVCT) cries with 100s of errors. I've not seen Boost.MultiArray's source, I've just started learning template only lately; template meta programming interests me a lot, although am not sure if this is strictly one, which can be categorised thus. So I want all my fellow C++ aficionados to review it ~ point out flaws, potential bugs, suggestions, optimisations, etc.; somthing like "you've not written your own Big Three which might lead to...". Possibly any criticism that'll help me improve this class and thereby my C++ skills. smart_array.h #include <vector> using std::vector; template <typename T, size_t N> class smart_array { vector < smart_array<T, N - 1> > vec; public: explicit smart_array(vector <size_t> &dimensions) { assert(N == dimensions.size()); vector <size_t>::iterator it = ++dimensions.begin(); vector <size_t> dimensions_remaining(it, dimensions.end()); smart_array <T, N - 1> temp_smart_array(dimensions_remaining); vec.assign(dimensions[0], temp_smart_array); } explicit smart_array(size_t dimension_1 = 1, ...) { static_assert(N > 0, "Error: smart_array expects 1 or more dimension(s)"); assert(dimension_1 > 1); va_list dim_list; vector <size_t> dimensions_remaining(N - 1); va_start(dim_list, dimension_1); for(size_t i = 0; i < N - 1; ++i) { size_t dimension_n = va_arg(dim_list, size_t); assert(dimension_n > 0); dimensions_remaining[i] = dimension_n; } va_end(dim_list); smart_array <T, N - 1> temp_smart_array(dimensions_remaining); vec.assign(dimension_1, temp_smart_array); } smart_array<T, N - 1>& operator[](size_t index) { assert(index < vec.size() && index >= 0); return vec[index]; } size_t length() const { return vec.size(); } }; template<typename T> class smart_array<T, 1> { vector <T> vec; public: explicit smart_array(vector <size_t> &dimension) : vec(dimension[0]) { assert(dimension[0] > 0); } explicit smart_array(size_t dimension_1 = 1) : vec(dimension_1) { assert(dimension_1 > 0); } T& operator[](size_t index) { assert(index < vec.size() && index >= 0); return vec[index]; } size_t length() { return vec.size(); } }; Sample Usage: #include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; int main() { // testing 1 dimension smart_array <int, 1> x(3); x[0] = 0, x[1] = 1, x[2] = 2; cout << "x.length(): " << x.length() << endl; // testing 2 dimensions smart_array <float, 2> y(2, 3); y[0][0] = y[0][1] = y[0][2] = 0; y[1][0] = y[1][1] = y[1][2] = 1; cout << "y.length(): " << y.length() << endl; cout << "y[0].length(): " << y[0].length() << endl; // testing 3 dimensions smart_array <char, 3> z(2, 4, 5); cout << "z.length(): " << z.length() << endl; cout << "z[0].length(): " << z[0].length() << endl; cout << "z[0][0].length(): " << z[0][0].length() << endl; z[0][0][4] = 'c'; cout << z[0][0][4] << endl; // testing 4 dimensions smart_array <bool, 4> r(2, 3, 4, 5); cout << "z.length(): " << r.length() << endl; cout << "z[0].length(): " << r[0].length() << endl; cout << "z[0][0].length(): " << r[0][0].length() << endl; cout << "z[0][0][0].length(): " << r[0][0][0].length() << endl; // testing copy constructor smart_array <float, 2> copy_y(y); cout << "copy_y.length(): " << copy_y.length() << endl; cout << "copy_x[0].length(): " << copy_y[0].length() << endl; cout << copy_y[0][0] << "\t" << copy_y[1][0] << "\t" << copy_y[0][1] << "\t" << copy_y[1][1] << "\t" << copy_y[0][2] << "\t" << copy_y[1][2] << endl; return 0; }

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  • A minimalistic smart array (container) class template

    - by legends2k
    I've written a (array) container class template (lets call it smart array) for using it in the BREW platform (which doesn't allow many C++ constructs like STD library, exceptions, etc. It has a very minimal C++ runtime support); while writing this my friend said that something like this already exists in Boost called MultiArray, I tried it but the ARM compiler (RVCT) cries with 100s of errors. I've not seen Boost.MultiArray's source, I've started learning templates only lately; template meta programming interests me a lot, although am not sure if this is strictly one that can be categorized thus. So I want all my fellow C++ aficionados to review it ~ point out flaws, potential bugs, suggestions, optimizations, etc.; something like "you've not written your own Big Three which might lead to...". Possibly any criticism that will help me improve this class and thereby my C++ skills. Edit: I've used std::vector since it's easily understood, later it will be replaced by a custom written vector class template made to work in the BREW platform. Also C++0x related syntax like static_assert will also be removed in the final code. smart_array.h #include <vector> #include <cassert> #include <cstdarg> using std::vector; template <typename T, size_t N> class smart_array { vector < smart_array<T, N - 1> > vec; public: explicit smart_array(vector <size_t> &dimensions) { assert(N == dimensions.size()); vector <size_t>::iterator it = ++dimensions.begin(); vector <size_t> dimensions_remaining(it, dimensions.end()); smart_array <T, N - 1> temp_smart_array(dimensions_remaining); vec.assign(dimensions[0], temp_smart_array); } explicit smart_array(size_t dimension_1 = 1, ...) { static_assert(N > 0, "Error: smart_array expects 1 or more dimension(s)"); assert(dimension_1 > 1); va_list dim_list; vector <size_t> dimensions_remaining(N - 1); va_start(dim_list, dimension_1); for(size_t i = 0; i < N - 1; ++i) { size_t dimension_n = va_arg(dim_list, size_t); assert(dimension_n > 0); dimensions_remaining[i] = dimension_n; } va_end(dim_list); smart_array <T, N - 1> temp_smart_array(dimensions_remaining); vec.assign(dimension_1, temp_smart_array); } smart_array<T, N - 1>& operator[](size_t index) { assert(index < vec.size() && index >= 0); return vec[index]; } size_t length() const { return vec.size(); } }; template<typename T> class smart_array<T, 1> { vector <T> vec; public: explicit smart_array(vector <size_t> &dimension) : vec(dimension[0]) { assert(dimension[0] > 0); } explicit smart_array(size_t dimension_1 = 1) : vec(dimension_1) { assert(dimension_1 > 0); } T& operator[](size_t index) { assert(index < vec.size() && index >= 0); return vec[index]; } size_t length() { return vec.size(); } }; Sample Usage: #include "smart_array.h" #include <iostream> using std::cout; using std::endl; int main() { // testing 1 dimension smart_array <int, 1> x(3); x[0] = 0, x[1] = 1, x[2] = 2; cout << "x.length(): " << x.length() << endl; // testing 2 dimensions smart_array <float, 2> y(2, 3); y[0][0] = y[0][1] = y[0][2] = 0; y[1][0] = y[1][1] = y[1][2] = 1; cout << "y.length(): " << y.length() << endl; cout << "y[0].length(): " << y[0].length() << endl; // testing 3 dimensions smart_array <char, 3> z(2, 4, 5); cout << "z.length(): " << z.length() << endl; cout << "z[0].length(): " << z[0].length() << endl; cout << "z[0][0].length(): " << z[0][0].length() << endl; z[0][0][4] = 'c'; cout << z[0][0][4] << endl; // testing 4 dimensions smart_array <bool, 4> r(2, 3, 4, 5); cout << "z.length(): " << r.length() << endl; cout << "z[0].length(): " << r[0].length() << endl; cout << "z[0][0].length(): " << r[0][0].length() << endl; cout << "z[0][0][0].length(): " << r[0][0][0].length() << endl; // testing copy constructor smart_array <float, 2> copy_y(y); cout << "copy_y.length(): " << copy_y.length() << endl; cout << "copy_x[0].length(): " << copy_y[0].length() << endl; cout << copy_y[0][0] << "\t" << copy_y[1][0] << "\t" << copy_y[0][1] << "\t" << copy_y[1][1] << "\t" << copy_y[0][2] << "\t" << copy_y[1][2] << endl; return 0; }

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  • Web Sockets: Browser won't receive the message, complains about it not starting with 0x00 (byte)

    - by giggsey
    Here is my code: import java.net.*; import java.io.*; import java.util.*; import org.jibble.pircbot.*; public class WebSocket { public static int port = 12345; public static ArrayList<WebSocketClient> clients = new ArrayList<WebSocketClient>(); public static ArrayList<Boolean> handshakes = new ArrayList<Boolean>(); public static ArrayList<String> nicknames = new ArrayList<String>(); public static ArrayList<String> channels = new ArrayList<String>(); public static int indexNum; public static void main(String args[]) { try { ServerSocket ss = new ServerSocket(WebSocket.port); WebSocket.console("Created socket on port " + WebSocket.port); while (true) { Socket s = ss.accept(); WebSocket.console("New Client connecting..."); WebSocket.handshakes.add(WebSocket.indexNum,false); WebSocket.nicknames.add(WebSocket.indexNum,""); WebSocket.channels.add(WebSocket.indexNum,""); WebSocketClient p = new WebSocketClient(s,WebSocket.indexNum); Thread t = new Thread( p); WebSocket.clients.add(WebSocket.indexNum,p); indexNum++; t.start(); } } catch (Exception e) { WebSocket.console("ERROR - " + e.toString()); } } public static void console(String msg) { Date date = new Date(); System.out.println("[" + date.toString() + "] " + msg); } } class WebSocketClient implements Runnable { private Socket s; private int iAm; private String socket_res = ""; private String socket_host = ""; private String socket_origin = ""; protected String nick = ""; protected String ircChan = ""; WebSocketClient(Socket socket, int mynum) { s = socket; iAm = mynum; } public void run() { String client = s.getInetAddress().toString(); WebSocket.console("Connection from " + client); IRCclient irc = new IRCclient(iAm); Thread t = new Thread( irc ); try { Scanner in = new Scanner(s.getInputStream()); PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(),true); while (true) { if (! in.hasNextLine()) continue; String input = in.nextLine().trim(); if (input.isEmpty()) continue; // Lets work out what's wrong with our input if (input.length() > 3 && input.charAt(0) == 65533) { input = input.substring(2); } WebSocket.console("< " + input); // Lets work out if they authenticate... if (WebSocket.handshakes.get(iAm) == false) { checkForHandShake(input); continue; } // Lets check for NICK: if (input.length() > 6 && input.substring(0,6).equals("NICK: ")) { nick = input.substring(6); Random generator = new Random(); int rand = generator.nextInt(); WebSocket.console("I am known as " + nick); WebSocket.nicknames.set(iAm, "bo-" + nick + rand); } if (input.length() > 9 && input.substring(0,9).equals("CHANNEL: ")) { ircChan = "bo-" + input.substring(9); WebSocket.console("We will be joining " + ircChan); WebSocket.channels.set(iAm, ircChan); } if (! ircChan.isEmpty() && ! nick.isEmpty() && irc.started == false) { irc.chan = ircChan; irc.nick = WebSocket.nicknames.get(iAm); t.start(); continue; } else { irc.msg(input); } } } catch (Exception e) { WebSocket.console(e.toString()); e.printStackTrace(); } t.stop(); WebSocket.channels.remove(iAm); WebSocket.clients.remove(iAm); WebSocket.handshakes.remove(iAm); WebSocket.nicknames.remove(iAm); WebSocket.console("Closing connection from " + client); } private void checkForHandShake(String input) { // Check for HTML5 Socket getHeaders(input); if (! socket_res.isEmpty() && ! socket_host.isEmpty() && ! socket_origin.isEmpty()) { send("HTTP/1.1 101 Web Socket Protocol Handshake\r\n" + "Upgrade: WebSocket\r\n" + "Connection: Upgrade\r\n" + "WebSocket-Origin: " + socket_origin + "\r\n" + "WebSocket-Location: ws://" + socket_host + "/\r\n\r\n",false); WebSocket.handshakes.set(iAm,true); } return; } private void getHeaders(String input) { if (input.length() >= 8 && input.substring(0,8).equals("Origin: ")) { socket_origin = input.substring(8); return; } if (input.length() >= 6 && input.substring(0,6).equals("Host: ")) { socket_host = input.substring(6); return; } if (input.length() >= 7 && input.substring(0,7).equals("Cookie:")) { socket_res = "."; } /*input = input.substring(4); socket_res = input.substring(0,input.indexOf(" HTTP")); input = input.substring(input.indexOf("Host:") + 6); socket_host = input.substring(0,input.indexOf("\r\n")); input = input.substring(input.indexOf("Origin:") + 8); socket_origin = input.substring(0,input.indexOf("\r\n"));*/ return; } protected void send(String msg, boolean newline) { byte c0 = 0x00; byte c255 = (byte) 0xff; try { PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(s.getOutputStream(),true); WebSocket.console("> " + msg); if (newline == true) msg = msg + "\n"; out.print(msg + c255); out.flush(); } catch (Exception e) { WebSocket.console(e.toString()); } } protected void send(String msg) { try { WebSocket.console(">> " + msg); byte[] message = msg.getBytes(); byte[] newmsg = new byte[message.length + 2]; newmsg[0] = (byte)0x00; for (int i = 1; i <= message.length; i++) { newmsg[i] = message[i - 1]; } newmsg[message.length + 1] = (byte)0xff; // This prints correctly..., apparently... System.out.println(Arrays.toString(newmsg)); OutputStream socketOutputStream = s.getOutputStream(); socketOutputStream.write(newmsg); } catch (Exception e) { WebSocket.console(e.toString()); } } protected void send(String msg, boolean one, boolean two) { try { WebSocket.console(">> " + msg); byte[] message = msg.getBytes(); byte[] newmsg = new byte[message.length+1]; for (int i = 0; i < message.length; i++) { newmsg[i] = message[i]; } newmsg[message.length] = (byte)0xff; // This prints correctly..., apparently... System.out.println(Arrays.toString(newmsg)); OutputStream socketOutputStream = s.getOutputStream(); socketOutputStream.write(newmsg); } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } } } class IRCclient implements Runnable { protected String nick; protected String chan; protected int iAm; boolean started = false; IRCUser irc; IRCclient(int me) { iAm = me; irc = new IRCUser(iAm); } public void run() { WebSocket.console("Connecting to IRC..."); started = true; irc.setNick(nick); irc.setVerbose(false); irc.connectToIRC(chan); } void msg(String input) { irc.sendMessage("#" + chan, input); } } class IRCUser extends PircBot { int iAm; IRCUser(int me) { iAm = me; } public void setNick(String nick) { this.setName(nick); } public void connectToIRC(String chan) { try { this.connect("irc.appliedirc.com"); this.joinChannel("#" + chan); } catch (Exception e) { WebSocket.console(e.toString()); } } public void onMessage(String channel, String sender,String login, String hostname, String message) { // Lets send this message to me WebSocket.clients.get(iAm).send(message); } } Whenever I try to send the message to the browser (via Web Sockets), it complains that it doesn't start with 0x00 (which is a byte). Any ideas? Edit 19/02 - Added the entire code. I know it's real messy and not neat, but I want to get it functioning first. Spend last two days trying to fix.

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  • How do we, as a community, help encourage programming in public schools? (Or state Schools for the U

    - by NoMoreZealots
    PRIMARY MOTIVATION My office gets involved with the "First Robotics" competitions and one thing that lingers year to year is the students typically have no preparation for doing even simple programming as part of the public schools system. While the science classes provide some basic grasp of mechanical and electrical concepts, by in large computer programming gets no coverage from the curriculum. (This my be different in other areas of the country/world.) What makes it worse is there is only a short period of time you have to prepare the student's and help them design the robot. Talking to some professors from local colleges, it's a problem because you can't assume even the most basic understanding for freshman CS majors. Languages like Python, Lua and BASIC are simple enough for at least high school level students, if not younger. SCOPE So how do you get public schools to support a programming, at least to the level of "Try it in BASIC" examples that used to be at the end of a chapter in my Algebra book? At least enough to prepare them for event's such as the FIRST Robotic competitions. Which the primary objectives are to teach problem solving and team work, and to possible foster an interest in Math, Science and Engineering in general. (Not force feed to them, as some people her seem to be implying.) Edit: Why teach kids: (Since 2000 CS enrollment in US colleges has decreased by 70% while college enrollment has increased, this is a PROBLEM.) Saying there is no value in teaching someone programming in Jr./High school because they might think "they know programming." Is like saying there's no value in teaching High school science and physics, because they might decide they "know physics." Leading to abuse like: "I passed a high school physics class, I'm going to develop a Unified Quantum Gravitational Theory." Better Prepared students are better students. Instead it would allows college programs to raise the bar on the entry level courses, allowing students to be weeded out based on their understanding of more advanced material. Plus people who did poorly in that in topic in High school aren't as likely to say "I think there's money in computer's so I'll computer science." Plus if people take it in high school and decide THEN that it's not for them, it's better than them wasting their money to PAY a college to figure that out. The result is that people who take the degree are more likely to succeed and be there for the RIGHT reasons. (i.e. It's what they REALLY want to do. And that's REALLY the key to being good at anything.) Programming is like anything else, the more practice and genuine interest you have the better you get. If you start them later, they get less practice. The earlier give them the opportunity to start, the more practice they will get. All other things equal, the more practice the better the programmer.

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  • What are the best programming websites on the web?

    - by lajoo
    Ok,lets have a big list here,write about the best programming websites you have approached and a description of them and they'll be added here.i'll write some websites for now: UVA Online Judge a bunch of useful programming problems are there that you could use to improve your programming. Prgrammers Heven Resources for different programming languages. SourceForge This site Has lots of open source programs available for download,it's a must-go site for a programmer. W3Schools This Websites has all you need to learn about Web-designing Languages like Java Script,Css,PHP,HTML,.... Note:This is not an advertising topic,it's just a guide for programmers to find what they need.

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  • What effects has working in rotating shifts on programming teams?

    - by eKek0
    I work in a bank, and the boss now want's that we, the programming team, work on rotating shifts. He wants that sometimes we work from 7am to 3pm, and sometimes on 11.30am to 7.30pm. He says that we will be more productive working this way, because he has worked with teams just like that and he just knows that. Nobody of the team wants this change, but we don't know how to effectively reject this new rule. I was trying to find some empirical (or almost) evidence about how rotating shifts affects performance of programming teams, and I couldn't. I had read something about rotating shifts, but not exactly about the effect of this on programming teams. Do you know any research about rotating shifts on programming teams? Did you have any experience with this kind of work? EDIT: Other teams of the company, like the database administrators team, the help desk team, the communication team or the network administrators team are already working in rotating shifts, and they don't like this but they do it anyway. I think the boss want that we work on rotating shifts too because of them, but since only we do programming I think the effects of rotating shifts could be, at least, different for us.

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  • What features would you like to see added to your favorite programming language?

    - by George Edison
    Are there any features you would like to see added to a programming language? Maybe... A programming construct An extra operator A built-in function you think would be useful I realize questions like this are frowned upon, but I think this one is a genuine programming question that can be answered and the answers will spawn valuable discussion. (And it's community wiki.) Here is one of mine: How come C++ has no exponent operator, like Python's **?

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  • Use WampServer's MySQL as a real MySQL for going on the net.

    - by Auxiliary
    Is this a right thing to do? I am using the Apache/Tomcat that comes with the liferay portal bundle and I used the MySQL that comes with WampServer at home but now I want to transfer my portal to a real Server and I wanted to know whether I could still use the Wamp's MySQL or should I install a real MySQL (What's the difference?) Thanks in advance.

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