request object - Page 431

New Psscor2 commands – Dealing with Dates and Times

- by Latest Microsoft Blogs

If you have ever tried to look at a System.DateTime or System.TimeSpan object in a debugger, you know how difficult it is to see what the value is. For example, this is what a System.DateTime object looks like: 0:017> !do 0x040f59b8 Name: System Read More......(read more)

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ASP.net WebRequest Exception "System.Net.WebException: The server committed a protocol violation"

- by Billy

I call WebRequest.GetResponse() and encounter the error: The server committed a protocol violation. Section=ResponseStatusLine I google this error and add the following lines in web.config: <configuration> <system.net> <settings> <httpWebRequest useUnsafeHeaderParsing="true" /> </settings> </system.net> </configuration> However, it doesn't work. Here is my ASP.net code: HttpWebRequest request = (HttpWebRequest)HttpWebRequest.Create(url); request.Method = "HEAD"; using (HttpWebResponse response = (HttpWebResponse)request.GetResponse()) { ...... }

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Multiple update panels and multiple postbacks cause entire page to refresh...

- by Matt

I'm having the same problem I had yesterday... The solution Aristos provided helped solve the problem, but I have other places sending updatepanel postbacks causing the same problem. When an update panel is updated and another request for an update is called before it has a chance to render the first updates, the entire page refreshes instead of just the update panel. I used fiddler to see what was going on and here's what happens... If I wait for the request to return before doing another request I get this: 21443|updatePanel|dnn_ctr1107_CRM_SalesTool_LeadsUpdatePanel| But if I don't wait, I get this: 66|pageRedirect||http://mysite.com/salesdashboard.aspx| The code from the previous question is still the same except I added UpdateMode="Conditional" to the update panel. Any ideas? Or is the only solution to this making sure that 2+ updates for any number of update panels (as long as they're on the same page) never happen? Thanks, Matt

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Passthrough Objects – Duck Typing++

- by EltonStoneman

[Source: http://geekswithblogs.net/EltonStoneman] Can't see a genuine use for this, but I got the idea in my head and wanted to work it through. It's an extension to the idea of duck typing, for scenarios where types have similar behaviour, but implemented in differently-named members. So you may have a set of objects you want to treat as an interface, which don't implement the interface explicitly, and don't have the same member names so they can't be duck-typed into implicitly implementing the interface. In a fictitious example, I want to call Get on whichever ICache implementation is current, and have the call passed through to the relevant method – whether it's called Read, Retrieve or whatever: A sample implementation is up on github here: PassthroughSample. This uses Castle's DynamicProxy behind the scenes in the same way as my duck typing sample, but allows you to configure the passthrough to specify how the inner (implementation) and outer (interface) members are mapped: var setup = new Passthrough(); var cache = setup.Create("PassthroughSample.Tests.Stubs.AspNetCache, PassthroughSample.Tests") .WithPassthrough("Name", "CacheName") .WithPassthrough("Get", "Retrieve") .WithPassthrough("Set", "Insert") .As<ICache>(); - or using some ugly Lambdas to avoid the strings : Expression<Func<ICache, string, object>> get = (o, s) => o.Get(s); Expression<Func<Memcached, string, object>> read = (i, s) => i.Read(s); Expression<Action<ICache, string, object>> set = (o, s, obj) => o.Set(s, obj); Expression<Action<Memcached, string, object>> insert = (i, s, obj) => i.Put(s, obj); ICache cache = new Passthrough<ICache, Memcached>() .Create() .WithPassthrough(o => o.Name, i => i.InstanceName) .WithPassthrough(get, read) .WithPassthrough(set, insert) .As(); - or even in config: ICache cache = Passthrough.GetConfigured<ICache>(); ... <passthrough> <types> <typename="PassthroughSample.Tests.Stubs.ICache, PassthroughSample.Tests" passesThroughTo="PassthroughSample.Tests.Stubs.AppFabricCache, PassthroughSample.Tests"> <members> <membername="Name"passesThroughTo="RegionName"/> <membername="Get"passesThroughTo="Out"/> <membername="Set"passesThroughTo="In"/> </members> </type> Possibly useful for injecting stubs for dependencies in tests, when your application code isn't using an IoC container. Possibly it also has an alternative implementation using .NET 4.0 dynamic objects, rather than the dynamic proxy.

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Passing parameter to SOAP Web Service Requests Using Visual Studio Team System 2008

- by Nicholas

How can I pass in the current datetime parameter to a SOAP request? I know you can pass in parameters by adding a datasource to the web test project and reference it like this {{DataSource.TableName.FieldName}}. But I want to pass in current datetime parameter as a dynamic value (something like DateTime.Now). How do I go about doing this? Below is sample SOAP request that I put into String Body: <soap:body> <MyQuery xmlns="http://something.com"> <req> <QueryType>{{DataSource.Table.QueryType}}</QueryType> <Name>{{DataSource.Table.Name}}</Name> <RequestDateTime>{{insert DateTime.Now here}}</RequestDatetime> </req> </MyQuery> </soap:body> P.S. Running web test by adding Web Service Request in Visual Studio Team System 2008

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How to stop Spring MVC blocking all other Servlets?

- by Dag

Hi, I'm using Spring 2.5 MVC and wan't to add another third-party Servlet. The Problem is, that Spring MVC catches all request, so the Servlet isn't getting any request. Here a web.xml Snippet: SpringMVC org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet 2 <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet> This is the servlet needed for cache.type servlet, returns the packed resources PackServlet PackServlet net.sf.packtag.servlet.PackServlet PackServlet *.pack The /* mapping is really needed for the application, an pack:tag (the third-party Servlet) really need the mapping based on the file extension. Any possiblities to tell Spring not to process the request? Thanks and regards.

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smartGWT: ListGrid setDataSource on a servlet

- by itit

I want to setDataSource of my ListGrid on response received from my java servlet. For example: request = builder.sendRequest(null, new RequestCallback() { public void onResponseReceived(Request request, Response response) { if(200 == response.getStatusCode()) { final ListGrid countryGrid = new ListGrid(); countryGrid.setWidth(300); countryGrid.setHeight(450); countryGrid.setAlternateRecordStyles(true); countryGrid.setShowFilterEditor(true); countryGrid.setFilterOnKeypress(true); countryGrid.setDataSource(Frequenze.getInstance()); countryGrid.setAutoFetchData(true); ListGridField wordField = new ListGridField("word", "Word"); ListGridField frequenceField = new ListGridField("frequence", "Frequece"); countryGrid.setFields(wordField, frequenceField); countryGrid.setDataSource(dataSource); // ?? ... How can I fill the servlet response in the ListGrid?

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How do I use Google protobuf to communicate over a serial port?

- by rob

I'm working on a project that uses RXTX and protobuf to communicate with an application on a development board and I've been running into issues which implies that I'm likely doing things the wrong way. Here's what I currently have for writing the request to the board (the read code is similar): public void write(CableCommandRequest request, OutputStream out) { CodedOutputStream outStream = CodedOutputStream.newInstance(out); request.writeTo(outStreatm); outStream.flush(); } The OutputStream that is used is prepared by RXTX and the development board seems to indicate that data is being received, but it is getting garbled or is otherwise not being understood. There seems to be little documentation on using protobuf over a serial connection so I'm assuming that passing the OutputStream should be sufficient. Is this in fact correct, or is this the wrong way of sending the response over the serial connection?

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Configuring JPA Primary key sequence generators

- by pachunoori.vinay.kumar(at)oracle.com

This article describes the JPA feature of generating and assigning the unique sequence numbers to JPA entity .This article provides information on jpa sequence generator annotations and its usage. UseCase Description Adding a new Employee to the organization using Employee form should assign unique employee Id. Following description provides the detailed steps to implement the generation of unique employee numbers using JPA generators feature Steps to configure JPA Generators 1.Generate Employee Entity using "Entities from Table Wizard". View image2.Create a Database Connection and select the table "Employee" for which entity will be generated and Finish the wizards with default selections. View image 3.Select the offline database sources-Schema-create a Sequence object or you can copy to offline db from online database connection. View image 4.Open the persistence.xml in application navigator and select the Entity "Employee" in structure view and select the tab "Generators" in flat editor. 5.In the Sequence Generator section,enter name of sequence "InvSeq" and select the sequence from drop down list created in step3. View image 6.Expand the Employees in structure view and select EmployeeId and select the "Primary Key Generation" tab.7.In the Generated value section,select the "Use Generated value" check box ,select the strategy as "Sequence" and select the Generator as "InvSeq" defined step 4. View image Following annotations gets added for the JPA generator configured in JDeveloper for an entity To use a specific named sequence object (whether it is generated by schema generation or already exists in the database) you must define a sequence generator using a @SequenceGenerator annotation. Provide a unique label as the name for the sequence generator and refer the name in the @GeneratedValue annotation along with generation strategy For example,see the below Employee Entity sample code configured for sequence generation. EMPLOYEE_ID is the primary key and is configured for auto generation of sequence numbers. EMPLOYEE_SEQ is the sequence object exist in database.This sequence is configured for generating the sequence numbers and assign the value as primary key to Employee_id column in Employee table. @SequenceGenerator(name="InvSeq", sequenceName = "EMPLOYEE_SEQ") @Entity public class Employee implements Serializable { @Id @Column(name="EMPLOYEE_ID", nullable = false) @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator="InvSeq") private Long employeeId; } @SequenceGenerator @GeneratedValue @SequenceGenerator - will define the sequence generator based on a database sequence object Usage: @SequenceGenerator(name="SequenceGenerator", sequenceName = "EMPLOYEE_SEQ") @GeneratedValue - Will define the generation strategy and refers the sequence generator Usage: @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.SEQUENCE, generator="name of the Sequence generator defined in @SequenceGenerator")

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Building a StackOverflow inspired Knowledge Exchange Three Tiers to MVC – Hooray – Reversing Depende

In this article we will focus on less of the structural issues and instead work on removing our dependency on LINQ to SQL. We will achieve this by employing an object to object mapping tool called AutoMapper.

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Code excavations, wishful invocations, perimeters and domain specific unit test frameworks

- by RoyOsherove

One of the talks I did at QCON London was about a subject that I’ve come across fairly recently , when I was building SilverUnit – a “pure” unit test framework for silverlight objects that depend on the silverlight runtime to run. It is the concept of “cogs in the machine” – when your piece of code needs to run inside a host framework or runtime that you have little or no control over for testability related matters. Examples of such cogs and machines can be: your custom control running inside silverlight runtime in the browser your plug-in running inside an IDE your activity running inside a windows workflow your code running inside a java EE bean your code inheriting from a COM+ (enterprise services) component etc.. Not all of these are necessarily testability problems. The main testability problem usually comes when your code actually inherits form something inside the system. For example. one of the biggest problems with testing objects like silverlight controls is the way they depend on the silverlight runtime – they don’t implement some silverlight interface, they don’t just call external static methods against the framework runtime that surrounds them – they actually inherit parts of the framework: they all inherit (in this case) from the silverlight DependencyObject Wrapping it up? An inheritance dependency is uniquely challenging to bring under test, because “classic” methods such as wrapping the object under test with a framework wrapper will not work, and the only way to do manually is to create parallel testable objects that get delegated with all the possible actions from the dependencies. In silverlight’s case, that would mean creating your own custom logic class that would be called directly from controls that inherit from silverlight, and would be tested independently of these controls. The pro side is that you get the benefit of understanding the “contract” and the “roles” your system plays against your logic, but unfortunately, more often than not, it can be very tedious to create, and may sometimes feel unnecessary or like code duplication. About perimeters A perimeter is that invisible line that your draw around your pieces of logic during a test, that separate the code under test from any dependencies that it uses. Most of the time, a test perimeter around an object will be the list of seams (dependencies that can be replaced such as interfaces, virtual methods etc.) that are actually replaced for that test or for all the tests. Role based perimeters In the case of creating a wrapper around an object – one really creates a “role based” perimeter around the logic that is being tested – that wrapper takes on roles that are required by the code under test, and also communicates with the host system to implement those roles and provide any inputs to the logic under test. in the image below – we have the code we want to test represented as a star. No perimeter is drawn yet (we haven’t wrapped it up in anything yet). in the image below is what happens when you wrap your logic with a role based wrapper – you get a role based perimeter anywhere your code interacts with the system: There’s another way to bring that code under test – using isolation frameworks like typemock, rhino mocks and MOQ (but if your code inherits from the system, Typemock might be the only way to isolate the code from the system interaction. Ad-Hoc Isolation perimeters the image below shows what I call ad-hoc perimeter that might be vastly different between different tests: This perimeter’s surface is much smaller, because for that specific test, that is all the “change” that is required to the host system behavior. The third way of isolating the code from the host system is the main “meat” of this post: Subterranean perimeters Subterranean perimeters are Deep rooted perimeters - “always on” seams that that can lie very deep in the heart of the host system where they are fully invisible even to the test itself, not just to the code under test. Because they lie deep inside a system you can’t control, the only way I’ve found to control them is with runtime (not compile time) interception of method calls on the system. One way to get such abilities is by using Aspect oriented frameworks – for example, in SilverUnit, I’ve used the CThru AOP framework based on Typemock hooks and CLR profilers to intercept such system level method calls and effectively turn them into seams that lie deep down at the heart of the silverlight runtime. the image below depicts an example of what such a perimeter could look like: As you can see, the actual seams can be very far away form the actual code under test, and as you’ll discover, that’s actually a very good thing. Here is only a partial list of examples of such deep rooted seams : disabling the constructor of a base class five levels below the code under test (this.base.base.base.base) faking static methods of a type that’s being called several levels down the stack: method x() calls y() calls z() calls SomeType.StaticMethod() Replacing an async mechanism with a synchronous one (replacing all timers with your own timer behavior that always Ticks immediately upon calls to “start()” on the same caller thread for example) Replacing event mechanisms with your own event mechanism (to allow “firing” system events) Changing the way the system saves information with your own saving behavior (in silverunit, I replaced all Dependency Property set and get with calls to an in memory value store instead of using the one built into silverlight which threw exceptions without a browser) several questions could jump in: How do you know what to fake? (how do you discover the perimeter?) How do you fake it? Wouldn’t this be problematic - to fake something you don’t own? it might change in the future How do you discover the perimeter to fake? To discover a perimeter all you have to do is start with a wishful invocation. a wishful invocation is the act of trying to invoke a method (or even just create an instance ) of an object using “regular” test code. You invoke the thing that you’d like to do in a real unit test, to see what happens: Can I even create an instance of this object without getting an exception? Can I invoke this method on that instance without getting an exception? Can I verify that some call into the system happened? You make the invocation, get an exception (because there is a dependency) and look at the stack trace. choose a location in the stack trace and disable it. Then try the invocation again. if you don’t get an exception the perimeter is good for that invocation, so you can move to trying out other methods on that object. in a future post I will show the process using CThru, and how you end up with something close to a domain specific test framework after you’re done creating the perimeter you need.

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How to implement full text search in Django?

- by Jannis

I would like to implement a search function in a django blogging application. The status quo is that I have a list of strings supplied by the user and the queryset is narrowed down by each string to include only those objects that match the string. See: if request.method == "POST": form = SearchForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): posts = Post.objects.all() for string in form.cleaned_data['query'].split(): posts = posts.filter( Q(title__icontains=string) | Q(text__icontains=string) | Q(tags__name__exact=string) ) return archive_index(request, queryset=posts, date_field='date') Now, what if I didn't want do concatenate each word that is searched for by a logical AND but with a logical OR? How would I do that? Is there a way to do that with Django's own Queryset methods or does one have to fall back to raw SQL queries? In general, is it a proper solution to do full text search like this or would you recommend using a search engine like Solr, Whoosh or Xapian. What are there benefits? Thanks for taking the time

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How to unit test a Spring MVC controller using @PathVariable?

- by Martiner

I have a simple annotated controller similar to this one: @Controller public class MyController { @RequestMapping("/{id}.html") public String doSomething(@PathVariable String id, Model model) { // do something return "view"; } } and I want to test it with an unit test like this: public class MyControllerTest { @Test public void test() { MockHttpServletRequest request = new MockHttpServletRequest(); request.setRequestURI("/test.html"); new AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter() .handle(request, new MockHttpServletResponse(), new MyController()); // assert something } } The problem is that AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handler() method throws an exception: java.lang.IllegalStateException: Could not find @PathVariable [id] in @RequestMapping at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter$ServletHandlerMethodInvoker.resolvePathVariable(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:642) at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.resolvePathVariable(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:514) at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.resolveHandlerArguments(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:262) at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:146)

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Ruby SerialPorts Gem

- by Seth Archer

Using Ruby SerialPorts Gem to interact with hardware. When I write a byte array to the hardware using a program called "Serial Port Monitor" the hardware responds correctly. However, when I write the same byte array using ruby it doesn't work unless I do a read request just before the write request. This device doesn't respond correctly with this sp = SerialPort.new(args) sp.write [200.chr, 30.chr, 6.chr, 5.chr, 1.chr, 2.chr, 0.chr, 244.chr] But it does if I add a read request before the write. Like this sp SerialPort.new(args) sp.read sp.write [200.chr, 30.chr, 6.chr, 5.chr, 1.chr, 2.chr, 0.chr, 244.chr] This works, but I'm at a loss as to why. I should also add that the first snippet does work occasionally maybe 1/10 of the time.

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A simple Dynamic Proxy

- by Abhijeet Patel

Frameworks such as EF4 and MOQ do what most developers consider "dark magic". For instance in EF4, when you use a POCO for an entity you can opt-in to get behaviors such as "lazy-loading" and "change tracking" at runtime merely by ensuring that your type has the following characteristics: The class must be public and not sealed. The class must have a public or protected parameter-less constructor. The class must have public or protected properties Adhere to this and your type is magically endowed with these behaviors without any additional programming on your part. Behind the scenes the framework subclasses your type at runtime and creates a "dynamic proxy" which has these additional behaviors and when you navigate properties of your POCO, the framework replaces the POCO type with derived type instances. The MOQ framework does simlar magic. Let's say you have a simple interface: public interface IFoo { int GetNum(); } We can verify that the GetNum() was invoked on a mock like so: var mock = new Mock<IFoo>(MockBehavior.Default); mock.Setup(f => f.GetNum()); var num = mock.Object.GetNum(); mock.Verify(f => f.GetNum()); Beind the scenes the MOQ framework is generating a dynamic proxy by implementing IFoo at runtime. the call to moq.Object returns the dynamic proxy on which we then call "GetNum" and then verify that this method was invoked. No dark magic at all, just clever programming is what's going on here, just not visible and hence appears magical! Let's create a simple dynamic proxy generator which accepts an interface type and dynamically creates a proxy implementing the interface type specified at runtime. public static class DynamicProxyGenerator { public static T GetInstanceFor<T>() { Type typeOfT = typeof(T); var methodInfos = typeOfT.GetMethods(); AssemblyName assName = new AssemblyName("testAssembly"); var assBuilder = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(assName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave); var moduleBuilder = assBuilder.DefineDynamicModule("testModule", "test.dll"); var typeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(typeOfT.Name + "Proxy", TypeAttributes.Public); typeBuilder.AddInterfaceImplementation(typeOfT); var ctorBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineConstructor( MethodAttributes.Public, CallingConventions.Standard, new Type[] { }); var ilGenerator = ctorBuilder.GetILGenerator(); ilGenerator.EmitWriteLine("Creating Proxy instance"); ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); foreach (var methodInfo in methodInfos) { var methodBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineMethod( methodInfo.Name, MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.Virtual, methodInfo.ReturnType, methodInfo.GetParameters().Select(p => p.GetType()).ToArray() ); var methodILGen = methodBuilder.GetILGenerator(); methodILGen.EmitWriteLine("I'm a proxy"); if (methodInfo.ReturnType == typeof(void)) { methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); } else { if (methodInfo.ReturnType.IsValueType || methodInfo.ReturnType.IsEnum) { MethodInfo getMethod = typeof(Activator).GetMethod(/span>"CreateInstance",new Type[]{typeof((Type)}); LocalBuilder lb = methodILGen.DeclareLocal(methodInfo.ReturnType); methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldtoken, lb.LocalType); methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, typeofype).GetMethod("GetTypeFromHandle")); )); methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Callvirt, getMethod); methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Unbox_Any, lb.LocalType); } else { methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldnull); } methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); } typeBuilder.DefineMethodOverride(methodBuilder, methodInfo); } Type constructedType = typeBuilder.CreateType(); var instance = Activator.CreateInstance(constructedType); return (T)instance; } } Dynamic proxies are created by calling into the following main types: AssemblyBuilder, TypeBuilder, Modulebuilder and ILGenerator. These types enable dynamically creating an assembly and emitting .NET modules and types in that assembly, all using IL instructions. Let's break down the code above a bit and examine it piece by piece Type typeOfT = typeof(T); var methodInfos = typeOfT.GetMethods(); AssemblyName assName = new AssemblyName("testAssembly"); var assBuilder = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(assName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.RunAndSave); var moduleBuilder = assBuilder.DefineDynamicModule("testModule", "test.dll"); var typeBuilder = moduleBuilder.DefineType(typeOfT.Name + "Proxy", TypeAttributes.Public); We are instructing the runtime to create an assembly caled "test.dll"and in this assembly we then emit a new module called "testModule". We then emit a new type definition of name "typeName"Proxy into this new module. This is the definition for the "dynamic proxy" for type T typeBuilder.AddInterfaceImplementation(typeOfT); var ctorBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineConstructor( MethodAttributes.Public, CallingConventions.Standard, new Type[] { }); var ilGenerator = ctorBuilder.GetILGenerator(); ilGenerator.EmitWriteLine("Creating Proxy instance"); ilGenerator.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); The newly created type implements type T and defines a default parameterless constructor in which we emit a call to Console.WriteLine. This call is not necessary but we do this so that we can see first hand that when the proxy is constructed, when our default constructor is invoked. var methodBuilder = typeBuilder.DefineMethod( methodInfo.Name, MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.Virtual, methodInfo.ReturnType, methodInfo.GetParameters().Select(p => p.GetType()).ToArray() ); We then iterate over each method declared on type T and add a method definition of the same name into our "dynamic proxy" definition if (methodInfo.ReturnType == typeof(void)) { methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); } If the return type specified in the method declaration of T is void we simply return. if (methodInfo.ReturnType.IsValueType || methodInfo.ReturnType.IsEnum) { MethodInfo getMethod = typeof(Activator).GetMethod("CreateInstance", new Type[]{typeof(Type)}); LocalBuilder lb = methodILGen.DeclareLocal(methodInfo.ReturnType); methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldtoken, lb.LocalType); methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Call, typeof(Type).GetMethod("GetTypeFromHandle")); methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Callvirt, getMethod); methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Unbox_Any, lb.LocalType); } If the return type in the method declaration of T is either a value type or an enum, then we need to create an instance of the value type and return that instance the caller. In order to accomplish that we need to do the following: 1) Get a handle to the Activator.CreateInstance method 2) Declare a local variable which represents the Type of the return type(i.e the type object of the return type) specified on the method declaration of T(obtained from the MethodInfo) and push this Type object onto the evaluation stack. In reality a RuntimeTypeHandle is what is pushed onto the stack. 3) Invoke the "GetTypeFromHandle" method(a static method in the Type class) passing in the RuntimeTypeHandle pushed onto the stack previously as an argument, the result of this invocation is a Type object (representing the method's return type) which is pushed onto the top of the evaluation stack. 4) Invoke Activator.CreateInstance passing in the Type object from step 3, the result of this invocation is an instance of the value type boxed as a reference type and pushed onto the top of the evaluation stack. 5) Unbox the result and place it into the local variable of the return type defined in step 2 methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ldnull); If the return type is a reference type then we just load a null onto the evaluation stack methodILGen.Emit(OpCodes.Ret); Emit a a return statement to return whatever is on top of the evaluation stack(null or an instance of a value type) back to the caller Type constructedType = typeBuilder.CreateType(); var instance = Activator.CreateInstance(constructedType); return (T)instance; Now that we have a definition of the "dynamic proxy" implementing all the methods declared on T, we can now create an instance of the proxy type and return that out typed as T. The caller can now invoke the generator and request a dynamic proxy for any type T. In our example when the client invokes GetNum() we get back "0". Lets add a new method on the interface called DayOfWeek GetDay() public interface IFoo { int GetNum(); DayOfWeek GetDay(); } When GetDay() is invoked, the "dynamic proxy" returns "Sunday" since that is the default value for the DayOfWeek enum This is a very trivial example of dynammic proxies, frameworks like MOQ have a way more sophisticated implementation of this paradigm where in you can instruct the framework to create proxies which return specified values for a method implementation.

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actionscript swf: why the swf is cached in one web server

- by Bin Chen

Hi, I have one swf and a program to load this swf. The swf is put in a server. I encounter a weird problem that if I put this swf in serverA, each time my program will issue a http request to that webserver(with 304 response). But when I move the swf from serverA to serverB, some weird things happen, the progrom will only issue the first time http request, and after that, it didn't send any http request, it looks like it uses the cache in the disk. I wonder is how can I configure serverA make the behavior the same as serverB, as I guess the problem may exists in the http response that make the program not retrieving the swf from serverB any more. Bin

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Reading All Users Session

- by imran_ku07

Introduction : InProc Session is the widely used state management. Storing the session state Inproc is also the fastest method and is well-suited to small amounts of volatile data. Reading and writing current user Session is very easy. But some times we need to read all users session before taking a decision or sometimes we may need to check which users are currently active with the help of Session. But unfortunately there is no class in .Net Framework (i don't found myself) to read all user InProc Session Data. In this article i will use reflection to read all user Inproc Session. Description : This code will work equally in both MVC and webform, but for demonstration i will use a simple webform example. So let's create a simple Website and Add two aspx pages, Default.aspx and Default2.aspx. In Default.aspx just add a link to navigate to Default2.aspx and in Default.aspx.cs just add a Session. Default.aspx: <%@ Page Language="C#" AutoEventWireup="true" CodeFile="Default.aspx.cs" Inherits="Default" %><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html ><head runat="server"> <title>Untitled Page</title></head><body> <form id="form1" runat="server"> <div> <a href="Default2.aspx">Click to navigate to next page</a> </div> </form></body></html> Default.aspx.cs: using System;using System.Data;using System.Configuration;using System.Collections;using System.Web;using System.Web.Security;using System.Web.UI;using System.Web.UI.WebControls;using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;public partial class Default : System.Web.UI.Page{ protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { Session["User"] = "User" + DateTime.Now; }} Now when every user click this link will navigate to Default2.aspx where all the magic appears.Default2.aspx.cs: using System;using System.Data;using System.Configuration;using System.Collections;using System.Web;using System.Web.Security;using System.Web.UI;using System.Web.UI.WebControls;using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts;using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls;using System.Reflection;using System.Web.SessionState;public partial class Default2 : System.Web.UI.Page{ protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { object obj = typeof(HttpRuntime).GetProperty("CacheInternal", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Static).GetValue(null, null); Hashtable c2 = (Hashtable)obj.GetType().GetField("_entries", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance).GetValue(obj); foreach (DictionaryEntry entry in c2) { object o1 = entry.Value.GetType().GetProperty("Value", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance).GetValue(entry.Value, null); if (o1.GetType().ToString() == "System.Web.SessionState.InProcSessionState") { SessionStateItemCollection sess = (SessionStateItemCollection)o1.GetType().GetField("_sessionItems", BindingFlags.NonPublic | BindingFlags.Instance).GetValue(o1); if (sess != null) { if (sess["User"] != null) { Label1.Text += sess["User"] + " is Active.<br>"; } } } } }} Now just open more than one browsers or more than one browser instance and then navigate to Default.aspx and click the link, you will see all the user's Session data. How this works : InProc session data is stored in the HttpRuntime’s internal cache in an implementation of ISessionStateItemCollection that implements ICollection. In this code, first of all i got CacheInternal Static Property of HttpRuntime class and then with the help of this object i got _entries private member which is of type ICollection. Then simply enumerate this dictionary and only take object of type System.Web.SessionState.InProcSessionState and finaly got SessionStateItemCollection for each user.Summary : In this article, I shows you how you can get all current user Sessions. However one thing you will find when executing this code is that it will not show the current user Session which is set in the current request context because Session will be saved after all the Page Events.

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Django: Adding inline formset rows without javascript

- by Brant

This post relates to this: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/520421/add-row-to-inlines-dynamically-in-django-admin Is there a way to achive adding inline formsets WITHOUT using javascript? Obviously, there would be a page-refresh involved. So, if the form had a button called 'add'... I figured I could do it like this: if request.method=='POST': if 'add' in request.POST: PrimaryFunctionFormSet = inlineformset_factory(Position,Function,extra=1) prims = PrimaryFunctionFormSet(request.POST) Which I thought would add 1 each time, then populate the form with the post data. However, it seems that the extra=1 does not add 1 to the post data.

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Using Lightbox with _Screen

Although, I have to admit that I discovered Bernard Bout's ideas and concepts about implementing a lightbox in Visual FoxPro quite a while ago, there was no "spare" time in active projects that allowed me to have a closer look into his solution(s). Luckily, these days I received a demand to focus a little bit more on this. This article describes the steps about how to integrate and make use of Bernard's lightbox class in combination with _Screen in Visual FoxPro. The requirement in this project was to be able to visually lock the whole application (_Screen area) and guide the user to an information that should not be ignored easily. Depending on the importance any current user activity should be interrupted and focus put onto the notification. Getting the "meat", eh, source code Please check out Bernard's blog on Foxite directly in order to get the latest and greatest version. As time of writing this article I use version 6.0 as described in this blog entry: The Fastest Lightbox Ever The Lightbox class is sub-classed from the imgCanvas class from the GdiPlusX project on VFPx and therefore you need to have the source code of GdiPlusX as well, and integrate it into your development environment. The version I use is available here: Release GDIPlusX 1.20 As soon as you open the bbGdiLightbox class the first it, VFP might ask you to update the reference to the gdiplusx.vcx. As we have the sources, no problem and you have access to Bernard's code. The class itself is pretty easy to understand, some properties that you do not need to change and three methods: Setup(), ShowLightbox() and BeforeDraw() The challenge - _Screen or not? Reading Bernard's article about the fastest lightbox ever, he states the following: "The class will only work on a form. It will not support any other containers" Really? And what about _Screen? Isn't that a form class, too? Yes, of course it is but nonetheless trying to use _Screen directly will fail. Well, let's have look at the code to see why: WITH This .Left = 0 .Top = 0 .Height = ThisForm.Height .Width = ThisForm.Width .ZOrder(0) .Visible = .F.ENDWITH During the setup of the lightbox as well as while capturing the image as replacement for your forms and controls, the object reference Thisform is used. Which is a little bit restrictive to my opinion but let's continue. The second issue lies in the method ShowLightbox() and introduced by the call of .Bitmap.FromScreen(): Lparameters tlVisiblilty* tlVisiblilty - show or hide (T/F)* grab a screen dump with controlsIF tlVisiblilty Local loCaptureBmp As xfcBitmap Local lnTitleHeight, lnLeftBorder, lnTopBorder, lcImage, loImage lnTitleHeight = IIF(ThisForm.TitleBar = 1,Sysmetric(9),0) lnLeftBorder = IIF(ThisForm.BorderStyle < 2,0,Sysmetric(3)) lnTopBorder = IIF(ThisForm.BorderStyle < 2,0,Sysmetric(4)) With _Screen.System.Drawing loCaptureBmp = .Bitmap.FromScreen(ThisForm.HWnd,; lnLeftBorder,; lnTopBorder+lnTitleHeight,; ThisForm.Width ,; ThisForm.Height) ENDWITH * save it to a property This.capturebmp = loCaptureBmp ThisForm.SetAll("Visible",.F.) This.DraW() This.Visible = .T.ELSE ThisForm.SetAll("Visible",.T.) This.Visible = .F.ENDIF My first trials in using the class ended in an exception - GdiPlusError:OutOfMemory - thrown by the Bitmap object. Frankly speaking, this happened mainly because of my lack of knowledge about GdiPlusX. After reading some documentation, especially about the FromScreen() method I experimented a little bit. Capturing the visible area of _Screen actually was not the real problem but the dimensions I specified for the bitmap. The modifications - step by step First of all, it is to get rid of restrictive object references on Thisform and to change them into either This.Parent or more generic into This.oForm (even better: This.oControl). The Lightbox.Setup() method now sets the necessary object reference like so: *====================================================================* Initial setup* Default value: This.oControl = "This.Parent"* Alternative: This.oControl = "_Screen"*====================================================================With This .oControl = Evaluate(.oControl) If Vartype(.oControl) == T_OBJECT .Anchor = 0 .Left = 0 .Top = 0 .Width = .oControl.Width .Height = .oControl.Height .Anchor = 15 .ZOrder(0) .Visible = .F. EndIfEndwith Also, based on other developers' comments in Bernard articles on his lightbox concept and evolution I found the source code to handle the differences between a form and _Screen and goes into Lightbox.ShowLightbox() like this: *====================================================================* tlVisibility - show or hide (T/F)* grab a screen dump with controls*====================================================================Lparameters tlVisibility Local loControl m.loControl = This.oControl If m.tlVisibility Local loCaptureBmp As xfcBitmap Local lnTitleHeight, lnLeftBorder, lnTopBorder, lcImage, loImage lnTitleHeight = Iif(m.loControl.TitleBar = 1,Sysmetric(9),0) lnLeftBorder = Iif(m.loControl.BorderStyle < 2,0,Sysmetric(3)) lnTopBorder = Iif(m.loControl.BorderStyle < 2,0,Sysmetric(4)) With _Screen.System.Drawing If Upper(m.loControl.Name) == Upper("Screen") loCaptureBmp = .Bitmap.FromScreen(m.loControl.HWnd) Else loCaptureBmp = .Bitmap.FromScreen(m.loControl.HWnd,; lnLeftBorder,; lnTopBorder+lnTitleHeight,; m.loControl.Width ,; m.loControl.Height) EndIf Endwith * save it to a property This.CaptureBmp = loCaptureBmp m.loControl.SetAll("Visible",.F.) This.Draw() This.Visible = .T. Else This.CaptureBmp = .Null. m.loControl.SetAll("Visible",.T.) This.Visible = .F. Endif {loadposition content_adsense} Are we done? Almost... Although, Bernard says it clearly in his article: "Just drop the class on a form and call it as shown." It did not come clear to my mind in the first place with _Screen, but, yeah, he is right. Dropping the class on a form provides a permanent link between those two classes, it creates a valid This.Parent object reference. Bearing in mind that the lightbox class can not be "dropped" on the _Screen, we have to create the same type of binding during runtime execution like so: *====================================================================* Create global lightbox component*==================================================================== Local llOk, loException As Exception m.llOk = .F. m.loException = .Null. If Not Vartype(_Screen.Lightbox) == "O" Try _Screen.AddObject("Lightbox", "bbGdiLightbox") Catch To m.loException Assert .F. Message m.loException.Message EndTry EndIf m.llOk = (Vartype(_Screen.Lightbox) == "O")Return m.llOk Through runtime instantiation we create a valid binding to This.Parent in the lightbox object and the code works as expected with _Screen. Ease your life: Use properties instead of constants Having a closer look at the BeforeDraw() method might wet your appetite to simplify the code a little bit. Looking at the sample screenshots in Bernard's article you see several forms in different colors. This got me to modify the code like so: *====================================================================* Apply the actual lightbox effect on the captured bitmap.*====================================================================If Vartype(This.CaptureBmp) == T_OBJECT Local loGfx As xfcGraphics loGfx = This.oGfx With _Screen.System.Drawing loGfx.DrawImage(This.CaptureBmp,This.Rectangle,This.Rectangle,.GraphicsUnit.Pixel) * change the colours as needed here * possible colours are (220,128,0,0),(220,0,0,128) etc. loBrush = .SolidBrush.New(.Color.FromArgb( ; This.Opacity, .Color.FromRGB(This.BorderColor))) loGfx.FillRectangle(loBrush,This.Rectangle) EndwithEndif Create an additional property Opacity to specify the grade of translucency you would like to have without the need to change the code in each instance of the class. This way you only need to change the values of Opacity and BorderColor to tweak the appearance of your lightbox. This could be quite helpful to signalize different levels of importance (ie. green, yellow, orange, red, etc...) of notifications to the users of the application. Final thoughts Using the lightbox concept in combination with _Screen instead of forms is possible. Already Jim Wiggins comments in Bernard's article to loop through the _Screen.Forms collection in order to cascade the lightbox visibility to all active forms. Good idea. But honestly, I believe that instead of looping all forms one could use _Screen.SetAll("ShowLightbox", .T./.F., "Form") with Form.ShowLightbox_Access method to gain more speed. The modifications described above might provide even more features to your applications while consuming less resources and performance. Additionally, the restrictions to capture only forms does not exist anymore. Using _Screen you are able to capture and cover anything. The captured area of _Screen does not include any toolbars, docked windows, or menus. Therefore, it is advised to take this concept on a higher level and to combine it with additional classes that handle the state of toolbars, docked windows and menus. Which I did for the customer's project.

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How do I set up MVP for a Winforms solution?

- by JonWillis

Question moved from Stackoverflow - http://stackoverflow.com/questions/4971048/how-do-i-set-up-mvp-for-a-winforms-solution I have used MVP and MVC in the past, and I prefer MVP as it controls the flow of execution so much better in my opinion. I have created my infrastructure (datastore/repository classes) and use them without issue when hard coding sample data, so now I am moving onto the GUI and preparing my MVP. Section A I have seen MVP using the view as the entry point, that is in the views constructor method it creates the presenter, which in turn creates the model, wiring up events as needed. I have also seen the presenter as the entry point, where a view, model and presenter are created, this presenter is then given a view and model object in its constructor to wire up the events. As in 2, but the model is not passed to the presenter. Instead the model is a static class where methods are called and responses returned directly. Section B In terms of keeping the view and model in sync I have seen. Whenever a value in the view in changed, i.e. TextChanged event in .Net/C#. This fires a DataChangedEvent which is passed through into the model, to keep it in sync at all times. And where the model changes, i.e. a background event it listens to, then the view is updated via the same idea of raising a DataChangedEvent. When a user wants to commit changes a SaveEvent it fires, passing through into the model to make the save. In this case the model mimics the view's data and processes actions. Similar to #b1, however the view does not sync with the model all the time. Instead when the user wants to commit changes, SaveEvent is fired and the presenter grabs the latest details and passes them into the model. in this case the model does not know about the views data until it is required to act upon it, in which case it is passed all the needed details. Section C Displaying of business objects in the view, i.e. a object (MyClass) not primitive data (int, double) The view has property fields for all its data that it will display as domain/business objects. Such as view.Animals exposes a IEnumerable<IAnimal> property, even though the view processes these into Nodes in a TreeView. Then for the selected animal it would expose SelectedAnimal as IAnimal property. The view has no knowledge of domain objects, it exposes property for primitive/framework (.Net/Java) included objects types only. In this instance the presenter will pass an adapter object the domain object, the adapter will then translate a given business object into the controls visible on the view. In this instance the adapter must have access to the actual controls on the view, not just any view so becomes more tightly coupled. Section D Multiple views used to create a single control. i.e. You have a complex view with a simple model like saving objects of different types. You could have a menu system at the side with each click on an item the appropriate controls are shown. You create one huge view, that contains all of the individual controls which are exposed via the views interface. You have several views. You have one view for the menu and a blank panel. This view creates the other views required but does not display them (visible = false), this view also implements the interface for each view it contains (i.e. child views) so it can expose to one presenter. The blank panel is filled with other views (Controls.Add(myview)) and ((myview.visible = true). The events raised in these "child"-views are handled by the parent view which in turn pass the event to the presenter, and visa versa for supplying events back down to child elements. Each view, be it the main parent or smaller child views are each wired into there own presenter and model. You can literately just drop a view control into an existing form and it will have the functionality ready, just needs wiring into a presenter behind the scenes. Section E Should everything have an interface, now based on how the MVP is done in the above examples will affect this answer as they might not be cross-compatible. Everything has an interface, the View, Presenter and Model. Each of these then obviously has a concrete implementation. Even if you only have one concrete view, model and presenter. The View and Model have an interface. This allows the views and models to differ. The presenter creates/is given view and model objects and it just serves to pass messages between them. Only the View has an interface. The Model has static methods and is not created, thus no need for an interface. If you want a different model, the presenter calls a different set of static class methods. Being static the Model has no link to the presenter. Personal thoughts From all the different variations I have presented (most I have probably used in some form) of which I am sure there are more. I prefer A3 as keeping business logic reusable outside just MVP, B2 for less data duplication and less events being fired. C1 for not adding in another class, sure it puts a small amount of non unit testable logic into a view (how a domain object is visualised) but this could be code reviewed, or simply viewed in the application. If the logic was complex I would agree to an adapter class but not in all cases. For section D, i feel D1 creates a view that is too big atleast for a menu example. I have used D2 and D3 before. Problem with D2 is you end up having to write lots of code to route events to and from the presenter to the correct child view, and its not drag/drop compatible, each new control needs more wiring in to support the single presenter. D3 is my prefered choice but adds in yet more classes as presenters and models to deal with the view, even if the view happens to be very simple or has no need to be reused. i think a mixture of D2 and D3 is best based on circumstances. As to section E, I think everything having an interface could be overkill I already do it for domain/business objects and often see no advantage in the "design" by doing so, but it does help in mocking objects in tests. Personally I would see E2 as a classic solution, although have seen E3 used in 2 projects I have worked on previously. Question Am I implementing MVP correctly? Is there a right way of going about it? I've read Martin Fowler's work that has variations, and I remember when I first started doing MVC, I understood the concept, but could not originally work out where is the entry point, everything has its own function but what controls and creates the original set of MVC objects.

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Passing context between templatetags, django

- by Kasper Gadensgaard

Hi overflowers, I am using django to create a web-application. I have created a template in where I load a templatetag. In this templatetag i load another templatetag. From the template I pass context to the first templatetag, but the context is not available from the second templatetag (inside the first templatetag) - see below. I hope this makes sense, and that one of you have the answer. Thanks in advance Regards Kasper Gadensgaard Template snippit: {% load templatetags %} {% some_tag argument %} some_tag Templatetag: {% load templatetags %} {% some_other_tag another_argument %} some_other_tag Templatetag: In this templatetag i am trying to access context to get user info i.e. using request = context['request'] request.user

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PHP to C/C++ through CGI script

- by Peterim

Hi guys! I realize it's probably something strange, but here is what I have. I have an application (handwriting recognition engine) written in C/C++. This application has Perl wrapper which was made by application's authors using SWIG. My website is written in PHP, so I'm looking for some ways to make PHP work with C/C++ application. The only way I can think of now is to create a CGI script (perl script) which accepts POST request from my website (AJAX request), sends it to the recognition engine through it's Perl wrapper, gets the required data and returns the required data as a response to AJAX request. Do you think it could be done this way? Are there any better solutions? Thank you!

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Read & Write app.config

- by Rodney Vinyard

Imports System.Configuration Public Class Form1 Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load Dim config As System.Configuration.Configuration = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None) Me.txtFromFolder.Text = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings("fromFolder") Me.txtToFolder.Text = ConfigurationManager.AppSettings("toFolder") End Sub Private Sub Form1_FormClosing(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.Windows.Forms.FormClosingEventArgs) Handles MyBase.FormClosing 'to write Dim config As System.Configuration.Configuration = ConfigurationManager.OpenExeConfiguration(ConfigurationUserLevel.None) config.AppSettings.Settings.Remove("fromFolder") config.AppSettings.Settings.Add("fromFolder", txtFromFolder.Text.Trim) config.AppSettings.Settings.Remove("toFolder") config.AppSettings.Settings.Add("toFolder", txtToFolder.Text.Trim) config.Save(ConfigurationSaveMode.Modified) ConfigurationManager.RefreshSection("appSettings") End Sub

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Workflow Foundation: How to create Receive activity with custom message in xaml designer?

- by Petr Felzmann

I need to have Receive activity which can receive my custom data. I found examples, but all use coded workflows like such public class ProcessRequest : Activity { public ProcessRequest() { Variable request = new Variable { Name = "request" }; Receive receiveRequest = new Receive { ServiceContractName = "IProcessRequest", OperationName = "Foo", CanCreateInstance = true, Content = ReceiveContent.Create(new OutArgument(request)) }; } } The main point is that Receive.Content property. It is not clear for me how I can do it in XAML designer. What I have to set in the dialog of the Content property - Message or Parameters and what to set inside those options? Thanks for the light!

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Changing data in a django modelform

- by Matt Hampel

I get data in from POST and validate it via this standard snippet: entry_formset = EntryFormSet(request.POST, request.FILES, prefix='entries') if entry_formset.is_valid(): .... The EntryFormSet modelform overrides a foreign key field widget to present a text field. That way, the user can enter an existing key (suggested via an Ajax live search), or enter a new key, which will be seamlessly added. I use this try-except block to test if the object exists already, and if it doesn't, I add it. entity_name = request.POST['entries-0-entity'] try: entity = Entity.objects.get(name=entity_name) except Entity.DoesNotExist: entity = Entity(name=entity_name) entity.slug = slugify(entity.name) entity.save() However, I now need to get that entity back into the entry_formset. It thinks that entries-0-entity is a string (that's how it came in); how can I directly access that value of the entry_formset and get it to take the object reference instead?

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