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• Simple options for port forwarding to a different port?

  - by Nick

  I have three network printers at our local office, all of which listen on port 9100. Non of them offer the option of changing the listening port. We have a single public static IP address, and access to our main network is through a Linksys WRT-54G. We need to be able to print to these printers from outside the office. The problem is, with the 54G, I can only forward a port to the SAME port on a particular IP address. What I really need though is a way to forward to an ip address and a DIFFERENT port. I need to do this: In port Destination 9100 192.168.1.1 : 9100 9101 192.168.1.2 : 9100 9102 192.168.1.3 : 9100 So I'm looking for options. I could setup an old computer with two network cards and IPtables I suppose, but that seems like a lot of overhead for something relatively simple. Is there a way a virtual machine (read: one network card) could do the advanced port forwarding? Where I forward all traffic to it, and it forwards it on to the right printer? Or what about those mini Linux distros that replace the WRT-54G's firmware? Do any of those support what I need "out of the box"? I have a spare WRT- could I make it an IP tables router? Recommendations for mini distros? Or is there an off-the-shelf product that does this (cheap/local preferred)? Any advice / options appreciated. Thanks!

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• I can't connect to my network, except in safe mode

  - by eidylon

  My laptop cannot connect to my network all of a sudden except in safe mode. When it boots, it will show the networks available in the tray popup, but if I click connect on any, it says "Unable to connect" and the troubleshooter is useless. Shortly thereafter all the networks disappear. I have tried removing IPv6 support as I have seen that cause problems. No joy. I've also tried removing the wireless network adapter in Device Manager and reinstalling it, also no joy. I've also tried attaching a USB wireless adapter, and it has the same problem. If I boot in safe mode, then it has no problems at all. Three other devices in the house connect fine, so I am pretty sure it is nothing to do with the router. Any ideas what to check next? I am running Win7 Ultimate on a 2GHz Quadcore with 8GB RAM with a Broadcom 802.11n wireless card. EDIT: RE wired connections: What is very weird is that if i plug in a wired connection, then not only does it connect via the wired connection, but the wireLESS also starts working perfectly. And a soon as I unplug the wire, then the wireLESS stops working again! So it seems the wireless is right now working only in safe-mode, or when a wired connection is also plugged in.

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• Recommendations for colocation in the US

  - by Emil

  Hello serverfault I work for a European media company and we are currently looking for colocation in the US. I know the European market quite well unfortunately that is not the case for the US. I'm hoping for you guys to help me out a bit with a few questions, it would be much appreciated! I am looking for a data center that can deliver a high level of availability (tier 3 or better). The installation will be fairly large so capacity is important. Good internet connectivity/carrier presence. However most important is good customer support, skilled dedicated and responsive technical staff, since we won't have tech staff close by. I'm looking for a small and fast moving company that target internet businesses rather than big old enterprise hosting. What locations should we go for given that we want to reach all of the US from a single site and still maintain decent latency? (do we need east and west coast?) Where are the main internet hubs and should you try and get as close as possible? Are there any good online resources I should look at? Where do the large scale internet/media services colocate? Lastly I would be very happy to get some actual recommendations for companies to talk to P.S I'm happy to return the favor if anyone has question regarding data centers and colocation in Europe.

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• Change authentication wifi WPA to WEP on Windows 8

  - by Kites

  I use netsh wlan set hostednetwork mode=allow ssid=Kites key=phambaoViet netsh wlan start hostednetwork To share WiFi from LAN network on laptop (Windows 8) to my other device. When I show information netsh wlan show hostednetwork the supported authentication is WPA. My device support authentication WEP only. How can I change the authentication to WEP? Infomation: Interface name: Wi-Fi Driver : Qualcomm Atheros AR9002WB-1NG Wireless Network A dapter Vendor : Qualcomm Atheros Communications Inc. Provider : Microsoft Date : 03/07/2012 Version : 3.0.0.130 INF file : C:\Windows\INF\netathrx.inf Files : 2 total C:\Windows\system32\DRIVERS\athrx.sys C:\Windows\system32\drivers\vwifibus.sys Type : Native Wi-Fi Driver Radio types supported : 802.11b 802.11g 802.11n FIPS 140-2 mode supported : Yes 802.11w Management Frame Protection supported : Yes Hosted network supported : Yes Authentication and cipher supported in infrastructure mode: Open None Open WEP-40bit Open WEP-104bit Open WEP WPA-Enterprise TKIP WPA-Personal TKIP WPA2-Enterprise TKIP WPA2-Personal TKIP Vendor defined TKIP WPA2-Enterprise Vendor defined Vendor defined Vendor defined WPA-Enterprise CCMP WPA-Personal CCMP WPA2-Enterprise CCMP Vendor defined CCMP WPA2-Enterprise Vendor defined Vendor defined Vendor defined WPA2-Personal CCMP Vendor defined Vendor defined Authentication and cipher supported in ad-hoc mode: Open None Open WEP-40bit Open WEP-104bit Open WEP WPA2-Personal CCMP Vendor defined Vendor defined

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• Reasonable automatic HTML to PDF conversion (in UNIX/Linux environment)

  - by Alex Balashov

  Is there a way to generate PDF documents from HTML files automatically in Linux where the PDF offers some kind of reasonable level of resemblance to the input file? A command-line tool - as opposed to an interactive GUI of some kind - is key. I have tried htmldoc and some related cousins, of course. But these tools are hopelessly stone-age; htmldoc doesn't support CSS at all. You won't find a lot of HTML documents these days that don't have at least some CSS styling. I don't really care about stupid effects or minor embellishments, but the issue is that CSS is at the core of most layouts these days; not many folks are using 6 layers of nested tables anymore. So, if the conversion tool has no grasp of CSS whatsoever, it's not just a matter of "the document doesn't look quite right"; it is likely to not meet the minimum standard of usability at all. It has been suggested to me by some folks to try to use the Gecko rendering engine to generate images that can be converted to PDFs, but I have no idea how one would go about doing this, let alone easily. I have no trouble believing that there are good commercial tools that do this, but I'm really looking for an open-source package if possible, as the endeavour itself is an open-source one and doesn't pay. Thanks in advance!

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• Software mirroring (RAID1) versus "Fake Raid" for new Windows 7 install

  - by kquinn

  I've just ordered two new hard drives for my main desktop and a copy of Windows 7 Professional 64-bit. I'd like to do a clean install of Win7 onto the new drives (leaving my old XP Pro boot partition around for a while in case something goes disastrously wrong, etc.). I want to have them set up in mirrored (RAID-1) mode. My understanding is that Win7 Pro can do software mirroring, but can I set this up directly at install time? If so, how? Note that I'd like the disk to be split into three partitions (OS/Apps&Data/Bulk data), all of which should be mirrored. Would it be better (more reliable or faster) to use my motherboard's hardware RAID support? My motherboard is an older nVidia nForce 680i SLI, which is not the most stable of motherboards, and I'm not sure how trustworthy its RAID1 configuration might be (or if Win7 could even detect and install onto a hardware-mirrored volume). Also, the performance characteristics of RAID1 are rather different than RAID0 or RAID5, and I'm wondering if Win7's software mirroring might actually be faster than hardware RAID1 (for example, I'm more of a Unix admin when I have to wear the sysadmin hat, and I've had great success deploying ZFS; most hardware RAID1 implementations have to read both disks and compare results to look for data errors, but ZFS can read from only one disk in the mirror and just use the built-in checksum, meaning it can have up to 2x the number of reads in-flight, as long as there's no data corruption). Edit: Okay, my question about whether Windows 7 can do software mirroring has been answered, and it can. I'm still unsure whether Windows software RAID or my motherboard's hardware "fake RAID" function is a better choice, though. Remember, I'm only interested in mirroring -- not the more complicated striping or parity operations that generally show the poor performance of crappy motherboard RAID solutions.

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• Value of Itanium over x86_64 for Oracle Deployment

  - by Antitribu

  We are looking at a new environment to run our Oracle Database running on SUSE (potentially migrating to RedHat). Our database is approximately 100GB and performs adequately on our current hardware (x86_64) with approximately 6GB of ram allocated to it. We are growing quickly however and will require more performance shortly. Given the cost of Oracle licenses we would like to maximize the value from each license by choosing the most appropriate CPU to run the software on. The questions are: Are there substantial benefits to looking at Itanium hardware, are there any drawbacks? Is there a point where Itanium starts to scale out better? What are the long term support options for Itanium? Given the dominance of x86 would it be safer long term to stick with x86? On average what would be the performance benefit of implementing an Oracle database on Itanium over x86_64? Is this an issue at all or will other factors (IO/RAM) cap out first? If anyone can point me towards some solid documentation on comparisons between the two platforms that provides good case analysis of when to choose which I'm more than happy to accept that as an answer.

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• How to run the CPU at something like 75%?

  - by Tobias Kienzler

  My notebook is too old for me to invest into a new fan (it will simply be replaced by a new one when the final heat death occurs), but when it runs on full speed I feel like sitting in front of a vacuum cleaner with integrated cooking... I'm currently using NHC, the Max Battery mode of which let's the CPU run at 50% (~800 MHz). That's fine for most applications, and both temperature and noise remain low. However, on some occasions I need a bit more speed, more around 75% maybe. Can I set the power saving settings somehow so that the CPU won't surpass 75% of it's capability so that an acceptable compromise between power and noise is achieved? I can't set the CPU frequency in the BIOS and since on rare occasions I'd like to be able to switch to 100% without much hassling, hardware solutions like setting jumpers are no option. This answer to a similar (linux!) question mentions NHC should be able to offer these options, but for me they are all greyed out: The notebook is an Asus Z9200K, I guess NHC doesn't support its chipset enough for these advanced options.

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• How to point a subdomain to local server with dynamic IP

  - by jlego

  I see there are many related questions to this one, however the answers given seem to be a little vague for a novice like me. I've got a dedicated LAMP stack running Fedora 16 locally on my home network. Everything works fine internally. I can access the Apache server from other machines on the network using the internal IP in a browser. I'm using the stack for a local file server as well as a development environment for websites. There are a couple of reasons why I would like the development sites hosted on the machine to be available publicly. 1.) I use a CMS that has paid add-ons which allows you to assign the paid license to a domain. I can't develop with paid add-ons on the closed dev server. 2.) I would occasionally like for clients to be able to view the site dev at late stages before it goes live. I have a domain (foo.com, and I want to point a *sub*domain (dev.foo.com) to the local server. I know this is best accomplished with a Static IP, however my IP from my ISP is Dynamic and I don't think there is any way to change that. From what I have read, services like ZoneEdit & DynDNS are supposed to be able to accomplish this, but I have tried both and found it very confusing. Also the server is behind a router and I have also read that you need to set up DDNS(?) in your router, that many routers have presets for these services, and I've found that DynDNS is the only one my router seems to support.

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• Ping server NETBIOS name returns wrong IP and "Destination host unreachable"

  - by music2myear

  Problem server is Windows 2008 R2 VM running on VMWare ESXi 4 host. Single network adapter manually assigned single IP address (192.168.1.11). When I ping the server from any other network computer, it returns 192.168.1.124 and "Destination host unreachable". Yesterday I found a second network adapter assigned to this server with an IP of 169.254... indicating it had no real valid IP. Using the MAC addresses I determined which adapter was not needed/not wanted, and removed it using VMWare systems. This is the network Printer Server and, understandably, nothing is printing right now. I've looked at the solutions here Why was my ping answered by a different IP address than the one pinged? and they aren't applicable to my situation for the following reasons: Output of arp -a on another computer returns the correct IP address (.1.11) assigned to the correct MAC address, the incorrect IP .1.124 is not listed, and the MAC of the network adapter I removed yesterday is not listed at all. I checked out the Microsoft KB article which listed pretty much my exact symptoms ( http://support.microsoft.com/kb/981953 ) and it says to check binding orders and look for hidden adapters. But there are no hidden adapters, and there is only one Network Adapter listed in the Binding Order list. Essentially, I can communicate from the server TO any other network device, but I cannot communicate from any other network device TO the server. Help! UPDATE: Solution found, see this solution for the details.

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• Silent install FirePro v4900 Driver on Windows Embedded 7 Standard

  - by Birgit_B

  I'm trying to install the Drivers for a FirePro v4900 on a Windows Embedded 7 Standard 64bit OS. I want the system to be as small as possible, so i would rather not install the whole catalyst control center, but only the necessary drivers. Because the installation should be accomplished absolutely unattended, the installation process of the FirePro-Driver should also be done without any user interaction. I see two possible solutions for the Problem: Install only the Drivers: Is it possible to solely install the necessary drivers? How would i achieve that? This solution would be the preferred one, because of the smaller footprint. Silent custom install the provided "FirePro_8.911.3.3_VistaWin7_X32X64_135673.exe" (found at ATI FirePro™ Driver). Is there a way, to do that? Thank you in advance for your support! Update: I managed to accomplish a silent installation. I extracted the contents of the above mention installer-file and ran \$_OUTDIR\Bin64\Setup.exe -Install. (There are some other Parameters, just run Setup.exe /?). But i couldn't achieve to just install the drivers without the Cataclyst Control Center, and it seams the Control Center has some unfulfilled dependencies and so it crashes...

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• Server 2003 Terminal Services Printers not redirecting, no sessions created.

  - by mikerdz

  Ok, odd scenario on a Windows Server 2003 Server Standard running as Terminal Server. Friday, installed 2 new Windows 7 machines to replace older XP machines. After adding these machines and their local printers, none of the otehr 16 Windows 7 machines can redirect printing to the server. I have checked Global Policy on domain controller, nothing is being blocked. In Terminal Services Manager, the client settings are set to User Client Settings. On RDP client, port redirection is enabled. I have tried disabling the Use Client Settings option and manually selected the options for print redirection and default printer connection, but still does not work. After some reaserching, I found this MS article: http://support.microsoft.com/kb/2492632 I went ahead and added the HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Control\Terminal Server\Wds\rdpwd\fEnablePrintRDR DWORD that the article references and set it to "1" to enable the option. I restarted the server, but still would not print. I am getting quite desperate with this issue because nothing seems to have changed when installing the two new clients and printers. I uninstalled the print drivers for the printers from the server. I have even gone as far as connecting each of the printers manually via UPD (\computername\printer) but even thought it works, it prints awfully slow. Please help!!!!

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• Specific DNS sometimes resolves to wildcard, incorrectly

  - by Mojo

  I have an intermittent problem, and I'm not sure where to start trying to troubleshoot it. In our dev environment, we have two visible IP addresses on load balancers, one to the front-end, and one to a number of back-end service machines. The front-end is configured to take a wildcard DNS name to support generic "portals." dev.example.com A 10.1.1.1 *.dev.example.com CNAME dev.example.com The back-end servers are all specific names within the same space: core.dev.example.com A 10.1.1.2 cms.dev.example.com CNAME core.dev.example.com search.dev.example.com CNAME core.dev.example.com Here's the problem. Periodically a developer or a program trying to reach, say, cms.dev.example.com will get a result that points to the front-end, instead of the back-end load balancer: cms.dev.example.com is an alias to core.dev.example.com core.dev.example.com is an alias to dev.example.com (WRONG!) dev.example.com 10.1.1.1 The developers are all on Mac OS X machines, though I've seen the problem occur on an Ubuntu machine as well, using a local cloud host DNS resolver. Sometimes the developer is using a VPN, which directs the DNS to its own resolver, and sometimes he's on the local net using a DNS resolver assigned by the NAT router. Sometimes clearing the Mac OS X DNS cache, logging into the VPN, then logging out of the VPN, will make the problem go away. The origin authoritative server is on zerigo, and a dig directly to their name servers always seems to give the correct answer. The published DNS cache time for these records is 15 minutes, but the problem has been intermittent for about a week. Any troubleshooting suggestions?

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• PDU management interface has low availability - product flaw or isolated issue

  - by DeanB

  Our colocation provider has supplied us with APC AP7932 switched 0U PDUs as part of several cabinets they provide us. We have had a lot of trouble with the network management aspect of these PDUs, which I'll describe below. We are moving to cage space in the same datacenter, and plan to provide our own PDUs, so I'd like to determine which enterprise-grade PDUs have been reliable performers from a remote management perspective. Our colo-provided PDUs are configured to support management via an SSL web UI and via telnet. We updated the firmware on all of them to the current version as of NOV2011. They respond to pings reliably, and we have no reason to suspect a network layer issue. However, we experience frequent hangs, timeouts, disconnects, and general unavailability from the embedded management host in all of the PDUs. We occasionally have to restart the microcontroller on the PDU to recover from what appears to be an occasional hard fault. The outlets stay powered (thankfully), but the management aspect is so unreliable that it has become an ops liability - we can't be confident that we could get into the PDU to power cycle a host if we needed to. We have 3 PDUs that all exhibit identical behavior. There are many manufacturers of enterprise-grade 0U switched PDUs, all with comparable features. If I looked at the datasheet for our current PDUs, they would appear to be a good fit -- only with the benefit of suffering through using them do we know to avoid them. I'd like to avoid picking a PDU that looks fine on paper, but has similar reliability issues. What has been others' experience with switched PDUs? Is this level of flakiness normal?

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• Transferring 'Live' Documents to Another Computer

  - by waiwai933

  I was wondering if there was any OS/Application that has some support for transferring a document to another computer without having to save, transfer and then reopen. Basically, is there a way so that if I'm working on my desktop, I can click a button (or something similar) and then have the exact state of that computer/application transferred to another? For example, if I'm writing a document, is there a way to get it to computer B without saving it, putting the file on my flash drive, and having to reopen it? Edit: I just realized that this is possible through the wonderful phenomena known as cloud computing, but this is not the type of solution I'm looking for. Edit 2: I wanted to clarify: By 'save', I meant that I didn't want to have to save it to a special location, be that a (flash) drive or uploading to the web. Saving to the local hard drive is fine (and probably necessary, since technologies such as Bluetooth require the file to be saved somewhere). This is a bit inspired by a scene in Avatar, so I highly doubt that this actually exists... but if it does, I don't want to miss out.

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• Optimal Networking Setup for a 2-Story unit?

  - by user29336

  I am moving into a 4 bedroom two-story unit. It’s roughly 2,200 sq ft. I want absolute max throughput possible to be achieved in all focal points. We’re all in internet related industries. Between gaming and web-development latency and throughput are major factors for us. Here’s our main focal points: 1) Garage (office). downstairs 2) Each bedroom x4. upstairs 3) Living room. downstairs The fastest line we can get is Comcast 50mbdown/5up (Wideband). I am looking for the best way to achieve wireless and wired performance for our setup. Our gaming computers may be in our bedroom, and we also may bring it down to the office every now and then for “LAN” sessions. Most wireless will be happening downstairs with our laptops, but since we may do LAN sessions then hard wired latency may be important there too. My concerns: If we do only wireless there would be too much latency for gaming. I don’t know if placing one D-link DGL 4500 on the top floor would be enough; which I currently own. (http://dlink.com/us/en/home-solutions/support/product/dgl-4500-xtreme-n-gaming-router) As far as I’m aware wireless signals transfer best top down. Would this wireless router be enough on top floor and that’s it? My second strategy was a combination of wiring and wireless but I’m not sure what’s easiest way to do this? This is a place we’re renting, so I’m not sure how much leeway we have with wiring, but we’re all pretty competent... if we can’t drill through a wall we can probably “stitch” them across the edges wherever needed. Thoughts on the optimal way to do this?

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• How to detect/list rogue computers connected to a WIFI network without access to the Wifi Router interface?

  - by JJarava

  This is what I believe to be an interesting challenge :) A relative (that leaves a bit too far to go there in person) is complaining that their WIFI/Internet network performance has gone down abysmally lately. She'd like to know if some of the neighbors are using her wifi network to access the internet but she's not too technically savvy. I know that the best way to prevent issues would be to change the Router password, but it's a bit of a PITA having to re-configure all wifi devices... and if the uninvited guest broke the password once, they can do it again... Her wifi router/internet connection is provided by the telco, and remotely managed so she can log-on to their telco account's page and remotely change the router's Wifi password, but doesn't have access to the router status page/config/etc unless she opts out of the telco's remote support and mainteinance service... So, how could she check if there are guests in the wifi with this restrictions and in the most "point and click way"? In this case I'd probably use nmap to look for other devices in the network, but I'm not sure if that's the easiest way to do it. I'm not a wifi expert, so I don't know if there are any wifi-scanning utils that can tell us who's talking to the router... Lastly, she's a Windows user as I guess that'll influence the choice of tools available Any suggestions more than welcome Regards!

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• windows 7: Event 55 The file system structure on the disk is corrupt and unusable

  - by Radio

  Here is a real bad one! Windows 7 RTM with SP1 installed [Version 6.1.7601]. Recently tried to delete some folder on my hard drive and Windows prompted "Error 0x80070570: The file or directory is corrupted and unreadable", and at the same time placed an Event 55 describing "The file system structure on the disk is corrupt and unusable. Please run the chkdsk utility on \Device\HarddiskVolume2." Ran chkdsk, first with /f option, then with /r option. Result in both cases was: no errors found, 0 bad sectors. No problems chkdsk found at all! Went through StackExchange, Google and spent over 6 hours on this. Still cannot figure out the problem. Re-installing/Re-Formatting is not an option! What did I try: Hotfix - Windows6.1-KB982927-x64.msu - gave me an error about incompatibility with my computer, however it totally matches my system. CRC of hotfix was ok. Windows Repair Console found startup errors and fixed those, but this didn't help an issue, even by running chkdsk c: /R from it. http://support.microsoft.com/kb/246026 does not promise anything good. sfc /scannow does not help too. Replaced hard drive by cloning an old one using True Image, repeated all steps above. At the same time, some minor glitches started to appear in my Windows, like side panel and notification area settings are getting reset. Goal is to delete the folder and get rid of Event 55. Sounds like NTFS bug. Please help. This is completely ridiculous.

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• What can cause Powershell execution policy not to be taken into account?

  - by Stephane

  We have in our infrastructure a number of powershell scripts used for various tasks ranging from user login to support technician simulating a user context. These scripts are centralized on our file server (through DFS) for easier management. Some of them are run at logon, some are run through published Citrix applications. We have applied a policy for the whole domain and all users that sets the Powershell execution policy to "unrestricted" so that the scripts can run from the file server. This works perfectly fine for logon script (at least, so far) but for scripts that are run later (usually through a published application but the same applies when using terminal services and a full desktop), the results are inconsistent: some users can run the script fine, some are always prompted in the powershell console for letting the scripts run. I cannot find anything that could cause this behavior and it's really inconsistent: if I start powershell manually and runs get-executionpolicy, I am told that the current policy is unrestricted. Yet, if from the same session I try to run a script through a program that calls powershell <script file name> <parameters> I get prompted before the script can run. What could cause such behavior ?

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• Install PHP mcrypt on Red Hat 4

  - by Chris

  I'm having a very hard time getting mcrypt for PHP installed on a Red Hat 4 server. I've downloaded the rpm but it tells me: error: Failed dependencies: php-common(x86-32) = 5.4.7-2.fc18 is needed by php-mcrypt-5.4.7-2.fc18.i686 rpmlib(FileDigests) <= 4.6.0-1 is needed by php-mcrypt-5.4.7-2.fc18.i686 libc.so.6(GLIBC_2.4) is needed by php-mcrypt-5.4.7-2.fc18.i686 libltdl.so.7 is needed by php-mcrypt-5.4.7-2.fc18.i686 rtld(GNU_HASH) is needed by php-mcrypt-5.4.7-2.fc18.i686 rpmlib(PayloadIsXz) <= 5.2-1 is needed by php-mcrypt-5.4.7-2.fc18.i686 So when I try to install one of those packages, they also require another 8 packages. So I'm diving into dependency hell here. Now if I try to compile mcrypt from source, this is what I get: checking for libmcrypt - version >= 2.5.0... no *** Could not run libmcrypt test program, checking why... *** The test program failed to compile or link. See the file config.log for the *** exact error that occured. This usually means LIBMCRYPT was incorrectly installed *** or that you have moved LIBMCRYPT since it was installed. In the latter case, you *** may want to edit the libmcrypt-config script: no configure: error: *** libmcrypt was not found But I was able to install libmcrypt from an rpm packages successfully. Any suggestions? Also, I cannot use up2date as it requires an active paid account from Red Hat and since the staff has changed rather rapidly in the last year where I work, no one knows if there even was any support accounts.

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• How do hdparm's -S and -B options interact?

  - by user697683

  These two options seem confusing. For example: according to the man page -B 254 "does not permit spin-down". However, testing with -B 254 -S 1 the drive does spin down after 5 seconds. -B Query/set Advanced Power Management feature, if the drive supports it. A low value means aggressive power management and a high value means better performance. Possible settings range from values 1 through 127 (which permit spin-down), and values 128 through 254 (which do not permit spin-down). The highest degree of power management is attained with a setting of 1, and the highest I/O performance with a setting of 254. A value of 255 tells hdparm to disable Advanced Power Management altogether on the drive (not all drives support disabling it, but most do). -S Put the drive into idle (low-power) mode, and also set the standby (spindown) timeout for the drive. This timeout value is used by the drive to determine how long to wait (with no disk activity) before turning off the spindle motor to save power. Under such circumstances, the drive may take as long as 30 seconds to respond to a subsequent disk access, though most drives are much quicker. The encoding of the timeout value is somewhat peculiar. A value of zero means "timeouts are disabled": the device will not automatically enter standby mode. Values from 1 to 240 specify multiples of 5 seconds, yielding timeouts from 5 seconds to 20 minutes. Values from 241 to 251 specify from 1 to 11 units of 30 minutes, yielding timeouts from 30 minutes to 5.5 hours. A value of 252 signifies a timeout of 21 minutes. A value of 253 sets a vendor-defined timeout period between 8 and 12 hours, and the value 254 is reserved. 255 is interpreted as 21 minutes plus 15 seconds. Note that some older drives may have very different interpretations of these values.

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• Cyrus: In practical terms, how do end users administer their shared mailboxes?

  - by Nick

  Let's say we have four customer service reps: Billy, Bob, Joe, and Tom. Tom is the department manager. There's a shared Customer Service mailbox on the Cyrus server that they all have access to. Tom, as the manager also has administrative privileges for the shared mailbox. They decide they want to create sub-folders a certain way, and Tom creates them. They're all running Thunderbird, so Tom right-clicks the main folder and chooses "New Subfolder". Now Tom has the Subfolders he needs and the other sales reps have... nothing! Because Cyrus created the Subfolders giving Tom "Full Access" permissions, and everyone else gets no access. So how does Tom give the other reps in his department access to the new folders? As far as Cyrus is concerned, Tom has permission to grant others access to his new mailboxes- But as far as I can tell, there's no option in Thunderbird for granting mailbox permissions. An IT staff member should not have to receive a support request every time someone wants to add a Subfolder to a shared mailbox. That's why we make certain users into mailbox admins in the first place! But asking (non-technical) users to SSH into an IMAP server to run cyradm seems like a bad idea too. Certainly someone has found a solution for this dilemma. Perhaps a Thunderbird extension for setting Cyrus permissions? Or something like umask that forces subfolders to have identical permissions to their parents on creation? And related, what about Sieve configuration? Is there anyway that can be done from the client machine too? Thanks, Nick

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• Exchange 2010 Hub cannot deliver to Exchange 2007 Hub - "451 5.7.3 Cannot achieve Exchange Server authentication"

  - by Graeme Donaldson

  We have an existing Exchange 2007 server in Site A (exch07). I've installed an Exchange 2010 server in Site B (exch10). Both servers have the CAS, Mailbox and Hub roles. Messages sent via SMTP on exch10 which are destined for mailboxes on exch07 are queued with the "Last Error" reported in Queue Viewer as '451 4.4.0 Primary target IP address responded with: "451 5.7.3 Cannot achieve Exchange Server authentication." Attempted failover to alternate host, but that did not succeed. Either there are no alternate hosts, or delivery failed to all alternate hosts.' I've found that some people have resolved this by creating new Receive Connectors which are scoped specifically to apply to connections from the remote hub/s, but I have had no luck doing this. Specifically I created new receive connectors on both servers with the following settings: Remote IP = IP/s of remote server Authentication = "Transport Layer Security (TLS)" and "Exchange Server authentication" Permission Groups = "Exchange servers" and "Legacy Exchange Servers" This made no difference, I see the same error message. What am I missing? Update: We noticed that the Application log had this error message from MSExchangeTransportService: Microsoft Exchange could not find a certificate that contains the domain name exch07.domain.local in the personal store on the local computer. Therefore, it is unable to support the STARTTLS SMTP verb for the connector exch10 with a FQDN parameter of exch07.domain.local. If the connector's FQDN is not specified, the computer's FQDN is used. Verify the connector configuration and the installed certificates to make sure that there is a certificate with a domain name for that FQDN. If this certificate exists, run Enable-ExchangeCertificate -Services SMTP to make sure that the Microsoft Exchange Transport service has access to the certificate key. It turns out that the default self-signed certificate was no longer enabled for the SMTP service for some reason. After enabling the self-signed certificate for SMTP, we no longer get the error in the event logs, but delivery is still failing with the same error message. Update 2: I put a mailbox on exch10 and attempted to deliver a message via SMTP on exch07 and I get the same error.

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• Distributed File Systems.

  - by GruffTech

  So, I've been reading several articles around ServerFault as well as google. (For Example, this link) My Requirements are very similar to the link above, however i'd like to also have dynamic or at least resizeable file volumes, so if necessary i can add 4-5 servers to the pool, and then expand the volume. Any Distributed File systems that support that, to save me some time? Thanks! LustreFS will be my next test cluster to build. GlusterFS I've build a 3-machine test GlusterFS cluster, However i quickly became aware of several of its limitations that it doesn't seem to make clearly public. One, i can't seem to resize a volume. Once a volume is created, its done. Which seems retarded, why have a fully scalable file system if i can't scale a volume? So maybe i'm doing something wrong. I'm not sure. AmazonS3 while gives the cheapest startup adds too much cost when broken down to per client per month, so its out. Building my own system when prorated over several years with no bandwidth costs makes it significantly cheaper. MogileFS isn't an option as we'd like this server to be a SAN-Replacement, for storing tons of media from a multitude of systems, which for us means it needs to be POSIX compliant so it can be remotely mounted via NFS or CIFS.

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• Group Policy Software Installs Too Silent on Windows 7

  - by jonblock

  I'm trying to migrate a Windows XP deployment process to Windows 7. The process has been surprisingly smooth, after figuring out how to bring up a base system. We rely heavily on Group Policy software installation, which in XP can mean long periods on any given morning sitting around watching the machine install new updates. At least the typical Windows Installer message shows the user that something is indeed happening. As far as I can tell, Windows 7 retains the startup installation process (good), but eliminates the on-screen message to indicate what's happening (bad). All a user will see, possibly for a half-hour or more if they haven't restarted for a while, is the electric hamster wheel and the words "Please wait...". I forsee a significant increase in support calls... If you're familiar with msiexec.exe parameters, XP behaves like /qb-, and 7 behaves like /qn. I want the /qb- behavior back. Is there a way to re-enable the Windows Installer notices for Group Policy startup installations?

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