ssl vpn - Page 101 - Developer IT

RRAS Problem routing to central site from RRAS server only?

- by TomTom

Given is an office connected to headquarters using a RRAS bridge (2 virtual machines using RRAS to route between the two networks). Naming: The office is A, the RRAS on A is a-lnk. THe headquartters is B, b-lnk the RRAS machine there. The VPN works perfectly - machines can ping and work between the sites. Domain controllers on both ends replicating, DFS working, remote desktop working. All in all... everything is fine. EXCEPT: a-lnk itself can not reach any machine in B. This would normally not be troublesome (noone ever does anything on a-lnk), but there are two exceptions: * a-lnk is supposed to get it's license from a KMS in B, so not being able to reach B means it is not prolonging. * a-lnk is supposed to pull updates from a WSUS in B - and not being able to reach B means - no updates. Given that thigns work (and security is a minor issue - A-lnk is not reachable from the internet as it is behing a NAT hardware anyway) this got not handled for months. I just wan to get this item ticked off now. Anyone an idea what this is? It definitely is not a "dns does not work" or "routing in general is bad" item, as any computer in A can connect to any computer in B, and the other way arount - only the RRAS computer itself seems to do something really awkward. Platform for both: 2008 R2 standard.

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Recommendation on remote access setup for accessing customer systems

- by gregmac

I'm looking for a product recommendation (open or commercial) that will allow remote access to customer sites for tech support purposes. We need to be able to gain access to help troubleshoot problems on servers. Currently end up using anything from RDP on public IP, to various VPNs that clients happen to have, to webex-type sessions that require lots of interaction from both sides to get things working. This often means a problem that could take 10 minutes to solve takes an extra 30+ minutes messing around trying to get a connection up. There are multiple customer sites, which should NOT have access to each other. At each site, there is anywhere from 1 to 8 servers (Windows 2003 or 2008) that need to be accessed. Support connection to machines even if they're behind a firewall/router with no public IP Be able to selectively allow/deny access from customer site. Customer site should not be able to connect outbound to anywhere else (our systems, or other customer sites) Support multiple users from our end If not a VPN connection (where RDP could be used over top), should support: Remote desktop access, including copy/paste File transfers Preferably would have some way to list all remote systems, showing online/offline. Anyone have any suggestions?

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OpenVPN Keeps Crashing

- by Frank Thornton

Oct 20 21:00:44 sb1 openvpn[2082]: <MY_IP>:28523 [vpntest] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]<MY_IP>:28523 Oct 20 21:00:44 sb1 openvpn[2082]: vpntest/<MY_IP>:28523 MULTI_sva: pool returned IPv4=10.8.0.6, IPv6=(Not enabled) Oct 20 21:00:44 sb1 openvpn[2082]: <MY_IP>:28522 WARNING: 'link-mtu' is used inconsistently, local='link-mtu 1576', remote='link-mtu 1376' Oct 20 21:00:44 sb1 openvpn[2082]: <MY_IP>:28522 WARNING: 'tun-mtu' is used inconsistently, local='tun-mtu 1532', remote='tun-mtu 1332' Oct 20 21:00:45 sb1 openvpn[2082]: <MY_IP>:28522 [vpntest2] Peer Connection Initiated with [AF_INET]<MY_IP>:28522 Oct 20 21:00:45 sb1 openvpn[2082]: vpntest2/<MY_IP>:28522 MULTI_sva: pool returned IPv4=10.8.0.10, IPv6=(Not enabled) Oct 20 21:00:46 sb1 openvpn[2082]: vpntest/<MY_IP>:28523 send_push_reply(): safe_cap=940 Client File: client dev tun proto tcp remote <IP> 443 resolv-retry infinite nobind tun-mtu 1500 tun-mtu-extra 32 mssfix 1410 persist-key persist-tun auth-user-pass comp-lzo SERVER: port 443 #- port proto tcp #- protocol dev tun tun-mtu 1500 tun-mtu-extra 32 reneg-sec 0 #mtu-disc yes mssfix 1410 ca /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/server.crt key /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/server.key dh /etc/openvpn/easy-rsa/2.0/keys/dh1024.pem plugin /etc/openvpn/openvpn-auth-pam.so /etc/pam.d/login #plugin /usr/share/openvpn/plugin/lib/openvpn-auth-pam.so /etc/pam.d/login #- Comment this line if you are using FreeRADIUS #plugin /etc/openvpn/radiusplugin.so /etc/openvpn/radiusplugin.cnf #- Uncomment this line if you are using FreeRADIUS client-to-client client-cert-not-required username-as-common-name server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 push "redirect-gateway def1" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.4.4" keepalive 3 30 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun What is causing the VPN to keep dropping the connection and then reconnecting?

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Setting up self signed cert and CA [plesk / linux]

- by microchasm

I'm about ready to give up and do a clean wipe of this machine and start over with ISPConfig or some other variant. I installed Plesk on this machine to help with some of the handiwork. It is the free version (single domain); I don't need it for much. It's nice, though, to use to set up db's email, etc. Anyway, I would like to set it up as a CA (which I can add to users' trusted root servers to alleviate those warnings). It seems like Plesk does all it can to obfuscate where things are. Despite trying to find the conf files, and crt/pem/key etc. I am (5 hours later) now left with a machine that won't even get to the ssl page. The browser will sit there, until a 'connection reset' error comes up. In error_log, I get messages saying CN doesn't match server name -- which it does. ssl_error_log: [Thu May 13 16:02:14 2010] [warn] RSA server certificate is a CA certificate (BasicConstraints: CA == TRUE !?) [Thu May 13 16:12:19 2010] [warn] RSA server certificate is a CA certificate (BasicConstraints: CA == TRUE !?) not very helpful. If anyone has any experience, and/or recommendations (including other software), I'd be much obliged. NB RHEL5; 1 domain, 3 subdomains; everything local only. Thanks.

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WinHttpCertCfg not importing certificate

- by Ramon Zarazua

I need to setup a deployment script that imports an SSL certificate that my service uses. I have tried importing with WinHttpCertCfg and with CertMgr to no avail. Here are the command-line arguments I have tried to use with both: winhttpcertcfg.exe -i <certname>.pfx -c LOCAL_MACHINE\My -p <password> -a <user service runs as> and CertMgr.exe -add -all -s -r localMachine -c <cert name> My It seems from what I have investigated that CertMgr does not allow you to import certificates with a password, so I'd rather get winhttpcertcfg working. When I run them I get the following output: WinHttpCertCfg: Microsoft (R) WinHTTP Certificate Configuration Tool Copyright (C) Microsoft Corporation 2001. CertMgr: CertMgr Succeeded However, when I look into the local machine certificates in MMC, try to load them from my service, or list it out through winhttpcertcfg, or even looking at the registry in HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\SystemCertificates\MY\Certificates it is not found. I have tried all of the following: If I install the cert manually (Through CertMgr.msc dialogs) it works. The user installing is running as administrator The user installing has full access on the certificate The tools print out an error when something is wrong (wrong password) Tried it in multiple machines (All of them server 2008 R2) At this point I am officially out of ideas. Thank you.

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Apache: redirect to https before AUTH for server-status

- by Putnik

I want to force https and basic auth for server-status output (mod_status). If I enable auth and user asks for http://site/server-status apache first asks for pass, then redirects to httpS, then asks for pass again. This question is similar to Apache - Redirect to https before AUTH and force https with apache before .htpasswd but I cannot get it work because we are speaking not about generic folder but Location structure. My config (shortly) is as follows: <Location /server-status> SSLRequireSSL <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine on RewriteBase /server-status RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off RewriteCond %{SERVER_PORT} 80 RewriteRule ^ - [E=nossl] RewriteRule (.*) https://site/server-status} [R=301,L] </IfModule> SetHandler server-status Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from localhost ip6-localhost Allow from 1.2.3.0/24 Allow from env=nossl AuthUserFile /etc/httpd/status-htpasswd AuthName "Password protected" AuthType Basic Require valid-user Satisfy any </Location> I assume Allow from env=nossl should allow everyone with RewriteCond %{HTTPS} off and server port 80, then force it to redirect but it does not work. Please note, I do not want force to SSL the whole site but /server-status only. If it matters the server has several sites. What am I doing wrong? Thank you.

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How to access a port via OpenVpn only

- by Andy M

I've set up an openvpn server alongside an apache website that can only be accessed on port 8100 on the same machine. My /etc/openvpn/server.conf file looks like this: port 1194 proto tcp dev tun ca ./easy-rsa2/keys/ca.crt cert ./easy-rsa2/keys/server.crt key ./easy-rsa2/keys/server.key # This file should be kept secret dh ./easy-rsa2/keys/dh1024.pem # Diffie-Hellman parameter server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt # make sure clients can still connect to the internet push "redirect-gateway def1 bypass-dhcp" keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun status openvpn-status.log verb 3 Now I tried to let only clients connected to the vpn network access the website on apache via port 8100. So I defined a few iptables rules: #!/bin/sh # My system IP/set ip address of server SERVER_IP="192.168.0.2" # Flushing all rules iptables -F iptables -X # Setting default filter policy iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P OUTPUT DROP iptables -P FORWARD DROP # Allow incoming access to port 8100 from OpenVPN 10.8.0.1 iptables -A INPUT -i tun0 -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A OUTPUT -o tun0 -p tcp --sport 80 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT # outgoing http iptables -A OUTPUT -o tun0 -p tcp --dport 80 -m state --state NEW,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -i tun0 -p tcp --sport 80 -m state --state ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT Now when I connect to the server from my client computer and try to access the website on 192.168.0.2:8100, my browser can't open it. Will I have to forward traffic from tun0 to eth0? Or is there anything else I'm missing?

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Implementing an isolated guest WLAN via IPSec VPN on Windows

- by sysadmin1138

We are attempting to set up a guest WLAN network that is isolated from the rest of our network. This is proving difficult due to a couple of technical reasons. My first choice was to use a separate VLAN, on which our Firewall's handy WLAN port would handle DHCP, DNS and the network isolation we need. Unfortunately, due to the fact that our main office and our Internet connection itself are in different locations connected by way of a Metro Ethernet connection, I'm at the mercy of our ISP for VLAN transit. They won't pass a second VLAN between our two sites. And my hardware doesn't support 802.1ad "Q-in-Q", which would also solve this problem. So I can't use the VLAN method for isolation. At least not without spending money. As our Firewall can handle IPSec site-to-site VPN connections, I hope it is possible to connect a Server 2008R2 (standard) server I have in the office location to the WLAN and provide gateway services to the firewall. Thusly: Unfortunately, I don't know if it is possible to connect the two this way. The firewall has a pretty flexible IPSec/L2TP implementation (I've used it to connect iPads in the wild), but is neither Kerberized or supports NTLM. The Connection Security Rules view on the Windows server seems to get close to what I think needs to be done, but I'm failing on figuring out how to get it to do what I need it to do. Is this even possible, or do I need to pursue alternate solution?

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Connect trough remote computer connection

- by Didac

First, sorry for my english and my poor knowlodge of this subject. I have a dedicated server placed in Germany (windows 2008 R2) and I live in spain. I would like to access internet from my home computer (Windows 7 Pro x64), trough my server in Germany, so I can use a German IP, what I need some times. I have complete acces in to both computers, but I just don't know where to start. (My knwoledge is limited to software development :/ ) I'd like to know where to start, if I need to create a VPN and so.. Thanks in advance! Update 1 I tried a lot of options of OpenVPN, but I sadly I know nothing abuot networking, so I have to accept I do not know what I'm doing :( Here are my config files (note most of the options are from the sample config files). server.conf #server config file start port 1194 proto udp dev tun server 10.0.0.0 255.255.255.224 #you may choose any subnet. 10.0.0.x is used for this example. ca "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\easy-rsa\\keys\\ca.crt" cert "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\easy-rsa\\keys\\server.crt" key "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\easy-rsa\\keys\\server.key" dh "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\easy-rsa\\keys\\dh1024.pem" push "redirect-gateway def1" push "dhcp-option DNS 8.8.8.8" #the following commands are optional keepalive 10 120 comp-lzo persist-key persist-tun verb 5 #config file ends client.conf #client config file start client dev tun proto udp remote 176.9.99.180 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\easy-rsa\\keys\\ca.crt" cert "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\easy-rsa\\keys\\client1.crt" key "C:\\Program Files (x86)\\OpenVPN\\easy-rsa\\keys\\client1.key" ns-cert-type server comp-lzo verb 5 explicit-exit-notify 2 ping 10 ping-restart 60 route-method exe route-delay 2 # end of client config file And here's the server's network settings: IP address: 176.9.99.180 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.224 Default gateway: 176.9.99.161 Preferred DNS server: 127.0.0.1

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How to make an x.509 certificate from a PEM one?

- by Ken

I'm trying to test a script, locally, which involves uploading a file using a Java-based program to a FileZilla FTPES server. For the real thing, there is a real certificate on the FZ server, and the upload step (tested alone) seems to work fine. I've installed FileZilla Server on my dev box (so it'll test uploading from localhost to localhost). I don't have a real certificate for it, of course, so I used the "Generate new certificate..." button in FZ. It works fine from an interactive FTPES program (as long as I OK the unknown cert), but from my Java program it throws a javax.net.ssl.SSLHandshakeException ("unable to find valid certification path to requested target"). So how do I tell Java that this certificate is OK with me? (I know there's a way to change the Java program to accept any certificate, but I don't want to go down that route. I want to test it just as it will happen in production, and I don't want to ignore unknown certificates in production.) I found that Java has a program called "keytool" that seems to be for managing this sort of thing, but it complains that the certificate file that FZ generated is not an "x.509" file. A posting from the FZ side said it was "PEM encoded". I have "openssl" here, which looks like it's perfect for converting between certificate formats, but I think my understanding of certificate formats is wrong because I'm not seeing anything obvious. My knowledge of security certificates is a bit shaky, so if my title is stupidly wrong, please help by fixing that. :-)

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Freebsd jail for an small company - checklist - what shouldn't forget

- by cajwine

Looking for an checklist for an "small company freebsd/jail server". Having pretty common starting point: FreeBSD jail (remote/headless) for the company: public web, email, ftp server, and private (maybe in the future partially public) wiki (foswiki) 4 physical persons, (6 email addresses) + one admin - others will never use ssh) have already done usual hardening on the host side (like pf, sshguard etc). my major components are: dovecot, exim, apache22, proftpd, perl5.14. Looking for an checklist, what I shouldn't forget. My plan: openssl self-signed certificates for exim, dovecot and proftpd (wildcard keys) openssl self-signed certificate for apache (later will go for "trusted-signed" key) My questions are: is is an "good practice" having one pair of wildcard SSL-certificates for many programs? (exim, dovecot, proftpd) - or should I generate one key for each service? should I add all 4 persons as standard (unix) users, or I should go with virtual users? Asking because: have only small count of users, and it is more simple to configure everything (exim, dovecot) for local users ($HOME/Maildir), plus ability to set $HOME/.forward/vacation and etc. is here some (special) things what I should consider? (e.g. maybe, in the future we want setup our own webmail - will make this any difference?) any other recommendation? Thank you, hoping that this question fit into the http://serverfault.com/faq under the: Server and Business Workstation operating systems, hardware, software Operations, maintenance, and monitoring Looking for an checklist, but please explain why you're recommending it. See Good Subjective, Bad Subjective. related: What's your suggested mail server configuration for a FreeBSD server?

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Apache proxy: Why is one vhost returning Forbidden while the other one works?

- by Stefan Majewsky

I have a Java application that needs to talk to another intranet website using HTTPS in both directions. After fighting with Java's SSL implementations for some time, I gave up on that, and have now set up an Apache that's supposed to act as a bidirectional reverse proxy: external app ---(HTTPS request)---> Apache ---(local HTTP request)---> Java app This direction works just fine, however the other direction does not: Java app ---(local HTTP request)---> Apache ---(HTTPS request)---> external app This is the configuration for the vhost implementing the second proxy: Listen 127.0.0.1:8081 <VirtualHost appgateway:8081> ServerName appgateway.local SSLProxyEngine on ProxyPass / https://externalapp.corp:443/ ProxyPassReverse / https://externalapp.corp:443/ ProxyRequests Off AllowEncodedSlashes On # we do not need to apply any more restrictions here, because we listened on # local connections only in the first place (see the Listen directive above) <Proxy https://externalapp.corp:443/*> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> </VirtualHost> A curl http://127.0.0.1:8081/ should serve the equivalent of https://externalapp.corp, but instead results in 403 Forbidden, with the following message in the Apache error log: [Wed Jun 04 08:57:19 2014] [error] [client 127.0.0.1] Directory index forbidden by Options directive: /srv/www/htdocs/ This message completely puzzles me: Yes, I have not set up any permissions on the DocumentRoot of this vhost, but everything works fine for the other proxy direction where I haven't. For reference, here's the other vhost: Listen this_vm_hostname:443 <VirtualHost javaapp:443> ServerName javaapp.corp SSLEngine on SSLProxyEngine on # not shown: SSLCipherSuite, SSLCertificateFile, SSLCertificateKeyFile SSLOptions +StdEnvVars ProxyPass / http://localhost:8080/ ProxyPassReverse / http://localhost:8080/ ProxyRequests Off AllowEncodedSlashes On # Local reverse proxy authorization override <Proxy http://localhost:8080/*> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> </VirtualHost>

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JBoss https on port other than 8080 not working

- by MilindaD

We have a server with two JBoss instances where one runs on 8080, the other on 8081. We need to have HTTPS enabled for the 8081 server, firstly we tried enabling https on the 8080 port instance by generating the keystore and editing the server.xml and it successfully worked. However when we tried the same thing for 8081 it did not, note that we removed https for the 8080 server first before enabling it for 8081. This is what was used for both server.xml for 8080 and 8081. The only difference was that the port was changed from 8080 to 8081 when trying to enable https for 8081 port instance. What am I doing wrong and what needs to be changed? NOTE : When I meant enabled for 8080 I meant when you visit https:// URL:8484 you will actually be visiting the 8080 port instance. However when ssl is enabled for 8081 and I visit https:// URL:8484 I get that the web page is unavailable. COMMENTLESS VERSION <Server> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" /> <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" /> <Service name="jboss.web">  <Connector port="8080" address="${jboss.bind.address}" maxThreads="350" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" emptySessionPath="true" protocol="HTTP/1.1" enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100" connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" compression="on" ompressableMimeType="text/html,text/css,text/javascript,application/json,text/xml,text/plain,application/x-javascript,application/javascript"/> <Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true" maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" address="${jboss.bind.address}" keystoreFile="${jboss.server.home.dir}/conf/supun1.keystore" keystorePass="aaaaaa" truststoreFile="${jboss.server.home.dir}/conf/supun1.keystore" truststorePass="aaaaaa" />  <Connector port="8009" address="${jboss.bind.address}" protocol="AJP/1.3" emptySessionPath="true" enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" /> <Engine name="jboss.web" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="khms1"> <Realm className="org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.JBossSecurityMgrRealm" certificatePrincipal="org.jboss.security.auth.certs.SubjectDNMapping" allRolesMode="authOnly" /> <Host name="localhost" autoDeploy="false" deployOnStartup="false" deployXML="false" configClass="org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.config.JBossContextConfig" > <Valve className="org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.sso.ClusteredSingleSignOn" /> <Valve className="org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.jca.CachedConnectionValve" cachedConnectionManagerObjectName="jboss.jca:service=CachedConnectionManager" transactionManagerObjectName="jboss:service=TransactionManager" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> </Server> WITH COMMENTS VERSION <Server>  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.AprLifecycleListener" SSLEngine="on" />  <Listener className="org.apache.catalina.core.JasperListener" />  <Service name="jboss.web">  <Connector port="8080" address="${jboss.bind.address}" maxThreads="350" maxHttpHeaderSize="8192" emptySessionPath="true" protocol="HTTP/1.1" enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" acceptCount="100" connectionTimeout="20000" disableUploadTimeout="true" compression="on" ompressableMimeType="text/html,text/css,text/javascript,application/json,text/xml,text/plain,application/x-javascript,application/javascript"/>   <Connector port="8443" protocol="HTTP/1.1" SSLEnabled="true" maxThreads="150" scheme="https" secure="true" clientAuth="false" sslProtocol="TLS" address="${jboss.bind.address}" keystoreFile="${jboss.server.home.dir}/conf/supun1.keystore" keystorePass="aaaaaa" truststoreFile="${jboss.server.home.dir}/conf/supun1.keystore" truststorePass="aaaaaa" />  <Connector port="8009" address="${jboss.bind.address}" protocol="AJP/1.3" emptySessionPath="true" enableLookups="false" redirectPort="8443" /> <Engine name="jboss.web" defaultHost="localhost" jvmRoute="khms1">  <Realm className="org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.JBossSecurityMgrRealm" certificatePrincipal="org.jboss.security.auth.certs.SubjectDNMapping" allRolesMode="authOnly" />  <Host name="localhost" autoDeploy="false" deployOnStartup="false" deployXML="false" configClass="org.jboss.web.tomcat.security.config.JBossContextConfig" >        <Valve className="org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.sso.ClusteredSingleSignOn" />  <Valve className="org.jboss.web.tomcat.service.jca.CachedConnectionValve" cachedConnectionManagerObjectName="jboss.jca:service=CachedConnectionManager" transactionManagerObjectName="jboss:service=TransactionManager" /> </Host> </Engine> </Service> </Server>

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Technology mash: is this possible?

- by Jon Story

I'm in the process of setting up my own DNS+hosting on a couple of VPS and my home machines, mostly for academic/learning purposes, but also for convenient accessing of my files, hosting my personal websites, private git repositories etc. I've got a main web server with DNS, and a slave DNS server. I've also got a couple of machines at home doing file hosting, video streaming and all that fun stuff. I'm intending to use my VPS's to provide myself with a dynamic DNS system so that I can point mydomain.com at my DNS servers, with home.mydomain.com going into my home network via a raspberry pi. HOWEVER.... I've not got access to the network infrastructure at home (rented accommodation with managed internet), so I can't forward the ports on the router to my own machines. As such, I'm wondering if it's possible to route all the traffic via an SSH/HTTP tunnel through one of the VPS? My plan is to have the raspberry pi provide a VPN into my home network. The raspberry pi uses SSH to connect to the VPS, and the VPS forwards any traffic to home.mydomain.com via the tunnel to the raspberry pi. Is this even possible, and how do I go about it? I don't mind getting my hands dirty with coding and low level tools, I'm just not sure where to start or what the best way to go about it is.

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Exchange 2010 - Certificate error on internal Outlook 2013 connections

- by Lorenz Meyer

I have an Exchange 2010 and Outlook 2003. The exchange server has a wildcard SSL certificate installed *.domain.com, (for use with autodiscover.domain.com and mail.domain.com). The local fqdn of the Exchange server is exch.domain.local. With this configuration there is no problem. Now I started upgrading all Outlook 2003 to Outlook 2013, and I start to get consistently a certificate error in Outlook : The Name on the security certificate is invalid or does not match the name of the site I understand why I get that error: Outlook 2013 is connecting to exch.domain.local while the certificate is for *.domain.com. I was ready to buy a SAN (Subject Alternate Names) Certificate, that contains the three domains exch.domain.local, mail.domain.com, autodiscover.domain.com. But there is a hindrance: the certificate provider (in my case Godaddy) requires that the domain is validated as being our property. Now it is not possible for an internal domain that is not accessible from the internet. So this turns out not to be an option. Create self-signed SAN certificate with an Enterprise CA is an other option that is barely viable: There would be certificate error with every access to webmail, and I had to install the certificate on all Outlook clients. What is a recommended viable solution ? Is it possible to disable certificate checking in Outlook ? Or how could I change the Exchange server configuration so that the public domain name is used for all connections ? Or is there another solution I'm not thinking of ? Any advice is welcome.

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Does SNI represent a privacy concern for my website visitors?

- by pagliuca

Firstly, I'm sorry for my bad English. I'm still learning it. Here it goes: When I host a single website per IP address, I can use "pure" SSL (without SNI), and the key exchange occurs before the user even tells me the hostname and path that he wants to retrieve. After the key exchange, all data can be securely exchanged. That said, if anybody happens to be sniffing the network, no confidential information is leaked* (see footnote). On the other hand, if I host multiple websites per IP address, I will probably use SNI, and therefore my website visitor needs to tell me the target hostname before I can provide him with the right certificate. In this case, someone sniffing his network can track all the website domains he is accessing. Are there any errors in my assumptions? If not, doesn't this represent a privacy concern, assuming the user is also using encrypted DNS? Footnote: I also realize that a sniffer could do a reverse lookup on the IP address and find out which websites were visited, but the hostname travelling in plaintext through the network cables seems to make keyword based domain blocking easier for censorship authorities.

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Apache load balancer with https real servers and client certificates

- by Jack Scheible

Our network requirements state that ALL network traffic must be encrypted. The network configuration looks like this: ------------ /-- https --> | server 1 | / ------------ |------------| |---------------|/ ------------ | Client | --- https --> | Load Balancer | ---- https --> | server 2 | |------------| |---------------|\ ------------ \ ------------ \-- https --> | server 3 | ------------ And it has to pass client certificates. I've got a config that can do load balancing with in-the-clear real servers: <VirtualHost *:8666> DocumentRoot "/usr/local/apache/ssl_html" ServerName vmbigip1 ServerAdmin [email protected] DirectoryIndex index.html <Proxy *> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> SSLEngine on SSLProxyEngine On SSLCertificateFile /usr/local/apache/conf/server.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /usr/local/apache/conf/server.key <Proxy balancer://mycluster> BalancerMember http://1.2.3.1:80 BalancerMember http://1.2.3.2:80 # technically we aren't blocking anyone, but could here Order Deny,Allow Deny from none Allow from all # Load Balancer Settings # A simple Round Robin load balancer. ProxySet lbmethod=byrequests </Proxy> # balancer-manager # This tool is built into the mod_proxy_balancer module allows you # to do simple mods to the balanced group via a gui web interface. <Location /balancer-manager> SetHandler balancer-manager Order deny,allow Allow from all </Location> ProxyRequests Off ProxyPreserveHost On # Point of Balance # Allows you to explicitly name the location in the site to be # balanced, here we will balance "/" or everything in the site. ProxyPass /balancer-manager ! ProxyPass / balancer://mycluster/ stickysession=JSESSIONID </VirtualHost> What I need is for the servers in my load balancer to be BalancerMember https://1.2.3.1:443 BalancerMember https://1.2.3.2:443 But that does not work. I get SSL negotiation errors. Even when I do get that to work, I will need to pass client certificates. Any help would be appreciated.

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OpenVPN server will not redirect traffic

- by skerit

I set up an OpenVPN server on my VPS, using this guide: http://vpsnoc.com/blog/how-to-install-openvpn-on-a-debianubuntu-vps-instantly/ And I can connect to it without problems. Connect, that is, because no traffic is being redirected. When I try to load a webpage when connected to the vpn I just get an error. This is the config file it generated: dev tun server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt ca ca.crt cert server.crt key server.key dh dh1024.pem push "route 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0" push "redirect-gateway" comp-lzo keepalive 10 60 ping-timer-rem persist-tun persist-key group daemon daemon This is my iptables.conf # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.4 on Sat May 7 13:09:44 2011 *raw :PREROUTING ACCEPT [37938267:10998335127] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [35616847:14165347907] COMMIT # Completed on Sat May 7 13:09:44 2011 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.4 on Sat May 7 13:09:44 2011 *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [794948:91051460] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [1603974:108147033] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [1603974:108147033] -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth1 -j MASQUERADE -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o venet0 -j MASQUERADE COMMIT # Completed on Sat May 7 13:09:44 2011 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.4 on Sat May 7 13:09:44 2011 *mangle :PREROUTING ACCEPT [37938267:10998335127] :INPUT ACCEPT [37677226:10960834925] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [35616847:14165347907] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [35680187:14169930490] COMMIT # Completed on Sat May 7 13:09:44 2011 # Generated by iptables-save v1.4.4 on Sat May 7 13:09:44 2011 *filter :INPUT ACCEPT [37677226:10960834925] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [35616848:14165347947] -A INPUT -i eth0 -j LOG --log-prefix "BANDWIDTH_IN:" --log-level 7 -A FORWARD -o eth0 -j LOG --log-prefix "BANDWIDTH_OUT:" --log-level 7 -A FORWARD -i eth0 -j LOG --log-prefix "BANDWIDTH_IN:" --log-level 7 -A OUTPUT -o eth0 -j LOG --log-prefix "BANDWIDTH_OUT:" --log-level 7 COMMIT # Completed on Sat May 7 13:09:44 2011

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Separate Certificate by Subdomain (With multiple IPs)

- by Brian

Note: Yes, I realize this problem is easier to solve by just using 1 multi-domain or wildcard certificate. I wish to have an ASP.NET site running on IIS with 2 SSL domains sharing 1 web application but using separate certificates. Assuming I have 2 certificates, this can be solved on IIS7 as follows: Web Application1: Binding 1: http, 80, IP Address *, Host Name * Binding 2: https, 443, IPADDRESS1, using CERTDOMAIN1 (DOMAIN1 resolves to IPADDRESS1) Binding 3: https, 443, IPADDRESS2, using CERTDOMAIN2 (DOMAIN2 resolves to IPADDRESS2) That is to say, 2 certificates and 2 ip addresses, but both mapped to the same web application. In IIS6, the closest I have been able to come to this configuration is: Web Application1: Binding 1: http, 80, IPADDRESS1 Binding 2: https, 443, IPADDRESS1, using CERTDOMAIN1 (DOMAIN1 resolves to IPADDRESS1) Web Application2: Binding 1: http, 80, IPADDRESS2 Binding 2: https, 443, IPADDRESS2, using CERTDOMAIN2 (DOMAIN2 resolves to IPADDRESS2) That is to say, 2 certificates and 2 IP addresses, 2 web applications, both mapped to the same file location. The IIS6 solution is not optimal. Even if sharing an application pool, there are still costs associated with running the same site as two applications. Is upgrading from IIS6 to IIS7 a legitimate way to resolve this problem? Is there an IIS6 way to map 2 IP addresses within the same web application to different certificates?

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Can we do a DNSSEC 101? [closed]

- by PAStheLoD

Please share your opinions, FAQs, HOWTOs, best practices (or links to the one you think is the best) and your fears and thoughts about the whole migration (or should I just call it a new piece of tech?). Is DNSSEC just for DNS providers (name server operators)? What ought John Doe to do, who hosts johndoe.com at some random provider (GoDaddy, DreamHost and such)? Also, what if the provider's name server doesn't do automatic signing magic, can John do it manually? In a fire-and-forget way, without touching KSKs and ZSKs rollovers and updating and headaches?) Does it bring any change regarding CERT records? Do browsers support it? How come it became so complex? Why didn't they just merged it with SSL? DKIM is pretty straightforward, IANA/IETF could've opted for something like that. (Yes I know that creating a trust anchor would be still problematic, but browsers are already full of CA certs. So, they could've just let anyone get a cert for a domain for shiny green padlocks, or just generate one for a poor blue lock, put it into a TXT record, encrypt the other records and let the parent zone sign the whole for you with its cert.) Thanks! And for disclosure (it seemed like the customary thing to do around here), I've asked the same on the netsec subreddit.

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Why does Google Analytics use two domains?

- by AKeller

I'm building a distributed widget that is comparable to Google Analytics. Users will add a <script> tag to their site that references my widget's JavaScript file. The Google Analytics tracking code looks like this: var _gaq = _gaq || []; _gaq.push(['_setAccount', 'UA-XXXXXXXX-X']); _gaq.push(['_trackPageview']); (function () { var ga = document.createElement('script'); ga.type = 'text/javascript'; ga.async = true; ga.src = ('https:' == document.location.protocol ? 'https://ssl' : 'http://www') + '.google-analytics.com/ga.js'; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0]; s.parentNode.insertBefore(ga, s); })(); Can anyone explain the reasoning behind separate HTTP and HTTPS hostnames? My instinct is to just secure the www address and then use the protocol-less syntax, like //www.google-analytics.com/ga.js. But I'm sure the Google Analytics architects put a lot of thought into this approach. I'd love to understand their logic before I follow/ignore their model.

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Virtualhost one https site, the rest http

- by RJP1

I have a linode server with Apache2 running a handful of sites with virtualhosting. All sites work fine on port 80, but one site has a ssl certificate and also runs okay. My problem is as follows: The non-https sites, if visiting https://domain.com - show the contents of the only secure site... Is there a way of disabling the *:443 match for these non-secure sites? Thanks! EDIT (more information): Here's a typical config in sites-available for a normal insecure http site: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName www.insecure.com ServerAlias insecure.com ... </VirtualHost> The secure https site is as follows: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName www.secure.com Redirect permanent / https://secure.com/ </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName secure.com RedirectMatch permanent ^/(.*) https://secure.com/$1 </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:443> SSLEngine on SSLProtocol all SSLCertificateChainFile ... SSLCertificateFile ... SSLCertificateKeyFile ... SSLCACertificateFile ... ServerName secure.com ServerAlias secure.com ... </VirtualHost> So, visiting: http:/insecure.com - works http:/www.insecure.com - works http:/secure.com - redirects to https:/secure.com - works http:/www.secure.com - redirects to https:/secure.com - works https:/insecure.com - shows https:/secure.com - WRONG!

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Single application through OpenVPN tunnel (Debian Lenny)

- by user14124

I'm using Debian Lenny and I want to tunnel rtorrent only through a OpenVPN tunnel. I have a tunnel running, the config file looks like this: client dev tun proto udp remote openvpn.xxx.com 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/ca.crt cert /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/client.crt key /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/client.key tls-auth /etc/openvpn/xxx/keys/tls.key 1 ns-cert-type server comp-lzo verb 3 auth-user-pass script-security 3 reneg-sec 0 My idea is that I could run a sockd proxy internally that redirects traffic to the openvpn tunnel. I could use the *nix "proxifier" application "tsocks" to make it possible for rtorrent to connect through that proxy (as rtorrent doesn't support proxies). I have trouble configuring sockd as my IP inside the VPN changes every time I connect. This is a config file someone said would help: http://ircpimps.org/sockd.conf As my IP changes at each connect I don't know what to put in that config file. I have no control over the host side config file. Any help wanted. Any other method is very welcome.

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Issue with a secure login - Why am I being redirected to the insecure login?

- by mstrmrvls

Im having some issues getting a website working at my place of work. The issue was rasised when a "double login" occurred from the secure login site. The second login was actually being prompted by the HTTP domain and not HTTPS. In essence the situation is like this: The user navigates to https://mysite.com/something The login prompt pops up Enter username and password The user is presented with ANOTHER login prompt (IE will say its insecure, and the address bar reflects that) If the user puts in their password the insecure one, they will login to the insecure site. if they hit cancel it will present them with a 401 page Navigating back to https://somesite.com/something will by pass the login prompt and log them in to the secure site automatically (cookie maybe) I'm a bit confused to why the user isnt being logged in properly the first time (redirected to non-ssl) but any consecutive login will be okay? I've been trying to use fiddler to see what is happening after the user puts in their password the first time and trying to get fiddler to automatically login to the site (with no luck) I believe the website in question is using Basic Digest authentication. Thanks for any help

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SSL Mail server connection times out on send()

- by Jivan

When trying to programmatically send an email from a website of mine, with PHP Pear Mail package with SSL connection, PEAR:Mail replies the following : Failed to connect to example.blabla.net:PORT [SMTP: Failed to connect socket: connection timed out (code: -1, response: )] I looked for similar questions on SO and SF, all the answers asking the OP to test a request on telnet or ssh in command line. So, that is what I did and here is what happens : $ ssh -l myusername -p PORT example.blablabla.net _ Here, '_' in the second line means that NOTHING happens. Indefinitely, which seems coherent with the timeout message I had from PEAR:Mail. So PEAR:Mail seems out of cause. But, what I have to tell you is that yesterday, it just worked. Connection was properly established, mails were properly sent, etc. Just today, it doesn't work anymore and I absolutely don't know why. I restarted Apache (in case an extension was broken), restarted mail services, etc. Still. No effect. Before yesterday (when it worked) and today (when it doesn't anymore), I just didn't touch the server and did nothing on it, simply because I took a day off to write some blog post! Have anyone of you encountered similar problem ? The problem seems quite common, judging after some googling, but the solution doesn't. Thanks for any help ! (note on config : CentOS 6.4 x86_64 with cPanel/WHM)

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