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• Trouble connecting to a local SQL server instance from the web

  - by dfarney

  We have a small network behind a firewall (WatchGuard XTM 2 series) and network switch. On our network we have multiple instances of SQL server, but 1 in specific that I would like to be able to access remotely from our website. We have a static IP address from our ISP and then all the machines on the network have a locally assigned dynamic IP address. When trying to connect to the database from outside our network how do I get the request to be directed to the proper machine / SQL instance? Is it a parameter in my connection string or something in my firewall? A few things to rule out: 1) The firewall is allowing access from the website to our network. I added the site's IP and opened up port 1433. Also, when trying to connect and monitoring the firewall no exceptions come up as they did before I added the proper IP address. 2) Remote connections on the SQL server has been setup and enabled. I've done a lot of reading up on remote connections and I am sure it has been setup properly. I am currently getting this error message on my site: A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: TCP Provider, error: 0 - A connection attempt failed because the connected party did not properly respond after a period of time, or established connection failed because connected host has failed to respond.)

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• SSL Handshake negotiation on Nginx terribly slow

  - by Paras Chopra

  I am using Nginx as a proxy to 4 apache instances. My problem is that SSL negotiation takes a lot of time (600 ms). See this as an example: http://www.webpagetest.org/result/101020_8JXS/1/details/ Here is my Nginx Conf: user www-data; worker_processes 4; events { worker_connections 2048; use epoll; } http { include /etc/nginx/mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; access_log /var/log/nginx/access.log; sendfile on; keepalive_timeout 0; tcp_nodelay on; gzip on; gzip_proxied any; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; } upstream abc { server 1.1.1.1 weight=1; server 1.1.1.2 weight=1; server 1.1.1.3 weight=1; } server { listen 443; server_name blah; keepalive_timeout 5; ssl on; ssl_certificate /blah.crt; ssl_certificate_key /blah.key; ssl_session_cache shared:SSL:10m; ssl_session_timeout 5m; ssl_protocols SSLv2 SSLv3 TLSv1; ssl_ciphers RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP; ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on; location / { proxy_pass http://abc; proxy_set_header X-Real-IP $remote_addr; proxy_set_header Host $host; proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; } } The machine is a VPS on Linode with 1 G of RAM. Can anyone please tell why SSL Hand shake is taking ages?

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• Google Drive terminates without error on startup

  - by Iszi

  I've used Google Drive for awhile now, but it won't start up after installing on my latest system re-build. I'm still using the same OS, hardware, and basic software load (antivirus, firewall, etc.) that I have for years during which I had not previously had problems with Drive. OS: Windows 7 Ultimate x64 Google Drive Version: 1.12.5329.1887 Now, whenever I try to run Google Drive, it just spawns two instances of the executable which die shortly after. No error messages are posted to the desktop, and nothing indicating any problem is written to the Event Log. After some research, I've yet to find anyone having the same problem who's found an answer. I did find out how to run Google Drive in diagnostic mode, using the --vv parameter at the command line. After that, I opened up the sync log and got this: 2013-10-31 17:11:24,039 INFO pid=3664 1892:MainThread logging:1600 OS: Windows/6.1.7601-SP1 2013-10-31 17:11:24,039 INFO pid=3664 1892:MainThread logging:1600 Google Drive (build 1.12.5329.1887) 2013-10-31 17:11:24,039 DEBUG pid=3664 1892:MainThread logging:1608 DEBUGGING DUMP is ON. 2013-10-31 17:11:24,051 ERROR pid=3664 1892:MainThread logging:1575 ERROR, UNEXPECTED EXCEPTION 2013-10-31 17:11:24,051 ERROR pid=3664 1892:MainThread logging:1575 [Error 5] Access is denied Traceback (most recent call last): File "<string>", line 232, in Main File "<string>", line 118, in RegisterCustomFileTypes File "P:\p\agents\hpal4.eem\recipes\353983091\base\b\drb\googleclient\apps\webdrive_sync\windows\build\pyi.win32\main\outPYZ1.pyz/windows.registry", line 62, in GetValue WindowsError: [Error 5] Access is denied 2013-10-31 17:11:24,052 INFO pid=3664 1892:MainThread logging:1600 Crash reporting disabled. Ignoring report. 2013-10-31 17:11:24,052 INFO pid=3664 1892:MainThread logging:1600 Exiting with error code: 0 I'm running on an account with Administrator-level permissions, and have even tried using "Run As Administrator" on the EXE. I'm not sure why it's looking for a P:\ drive, as no such volume has ever been mounted on this system. What should I do to try to further troubleshoot, and resolve, this issue?

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• How to use a common library of environment variables among different languages?

  - by JDS

  We have three main languages with which we perform system tasks: Bash, Ruby, and PHP, and Perl. Four, four main languages. We use managed environment variables to provide authorization info that automated scripts need. For example, a mysql user account and password. We'd like to use one single managed file to maintain these variables. In some instances, for example, in cron, these environment variables are not available. They are made available in CLI scripts because we source the env file in everyone's profile. But something like cron doesn't do that. On the CLI, when the env file is sourced, any given script can access those variables. Bash has them directly, PHP in $_ENV, ruby in ENV, etc. We can't source the file into non-Bash scripts, because most languages implement shell commands by running them in a subshell. We considered parsing the Bash, converting to the script's lang, and running the equivalent of "exec(parsed_output)" on the resulting strings. What is a good solution to providing managed environment vars to scripts running in cron, or similar?

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• Solution to easily share large files with non-tech-savvy users?

  - by Tim

  Hey all, We've got a server setup at work which we'd like to use to exchange large files with known clients easily. We're looking into software to facilitate this, but somewhow typing "large file hosting" into Google gives questionable results.. ;) We've come up with the following requirements, and I hope any of you can points us in the direction of a solution that offers this functionality, or is malleable to our needs. Synchronization / revision management is of no concern, it's mostly single large (up to 1+ GB) file uploads & downloads we'll need. We'd like to make the downloads expire & be removed after a certain number of days / downloads, to limit the amount of cleanup we'd have to do. The data files exchanged sometimes hold confidential information, so the URLs generated should be random and not publicly visible. Our users are of the less technically savvy variety, so a simple webform would be best over a desktop client (because we also have to support a mix of operating systems). As for use of the system we'd either like to send out generated random URLs for them to upload their files, or have an easy way manage & expire users. Works on a linux (Ubuntu) server (so nothing .Net-related please) Does anyone know of software that fits the above criteria? We've already seen a few instances of this within the scientific community, but nothing we could use directly.. Best regards, Tim

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• Solution to easily share large files with non-tech-savvy users?

  - by Tim

  Hey all, We've got a server setup at work which we'd like to use to exchange large files with known clients easily. We're looking into software to facilitate this, but somewhow typing "large file hosting" into Google gives questionable results.. ;) We've come up with the following requirements, and I hope any of you can points us in the direction of a solution that offers this functionality, or is malleable to our needs. Synchronization / revision management is of no concern, it's mostly single large (up to 1+ GB) file uploads & downloads we'll need. We'd like to make the downloads expire & be removed after a certain number of days / downloads, to limit the amount of cleanup we'd have to do. The data files exchanged sometimes hold confidential information, so the URLs generated should be random and not publicly visible. Our users are of the less technically savvy variety, so a simple webform would be best over a desktop client (because we also have to support a mix of operating systems). As for use of the system we'd either like to send out generated random URLs for them to upload their files, or have an easy way manage & expire users. Works on a linux (Ubuntu) server (so nothing .Net-related please) Does anyone know of software that fits the above criteria? We've already seen a few instances of this within the scientific community, but nothing we could use directly.. Best regards, Tim

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• Measuring performance indicators on a cluster

  - by Aditya Singh

  My architecture is based on Amazon. A ELB load balancer balances POST requests among m1.large instances. Every instance has a nginx server on port 80 which distributes the requests to 4 python-tornado servers on backend which handle the request. These tornado servers are taking about 5 - 10ms to respond to one request but this is the internal compute time of every request. I want to put this thing on test and i want to measure the response time from ELB to upstream and back and how does it vary when the QPS throughput is increased and plot a graph of Time vs. QPS vs. Latency and other factors like CPU and Memory. Is there a software to do that or should i log everything somewhere with latency checks and then analyze the whole log to get the stuff out. I would also need to write a self-monitor which keeps checking the whole response time. Is it possible to do it with a script from within the server. If so, will it be accurate ?

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• Windows 7 Paging file apparently not being used

  - by Daniel F.

  I'm running Windows 7 Home Premium 32bit on a mobo with 24GB RAM. Of those 24GB, 20GB are assigned as a RAMDISK via ASRock XFastRAM. This RAMDISK has the drive letter X assigned to it. On X:\ I'm storing the temporary files folder, as well as pagefile.sys. Pagefile.sys has 6GB of size. The X:\ has usually around 14GB free space, so the temporary files are negligible, it's mostly the browsers which are storing their caches on there. Now my issue is that Firefox is crashing a lot on me, no error message pops up, but I know that this is because it's out of memory. I could kind of live with that, but now that I switched from using Eclipse to Android Studio, I know that I'm in trouble, because Java isn't capable of allocating, and Android Studio, together with the Java instances it launches, is quite a memory hog. So I tried to figure out what's wrong, and apparently Windows isn't swapping out memory onto the paging file. While my applications are crashing (firefox) / not starting (java vm's), the paging file is only using constantly around 15% of its size (checked with the performance monitor). 15% equals to 1GB aprox. I know that the correct solution would be to switch to 64 bit Windows, but I had to use the 32 bit version because of driver issues which I had about two years ago, and I guess that I'll have them again if I reformat and install the 64 bit version. Also, the machine is running quite stable, the only issue is the memory, so I'd like to use it as it is (as the apps are installed and configured) Is there a way to make Windows use the paging file more efficiently? None of my processes require more than 1GB, I'd just like it to swap out some seldomly used stuff, like GoogleCrashHandler.exe and stuff like that in order to have "more physical memory avaliable". Is that possible?

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• Apache, Tomcat and mod_jk for load balancing

  - by pHk

  Hi guys. I've set-up a basic Apache (2.2.x) and Tomcat (6.0.x) set-up using mod_jk for load balancing using the worker.properties file. Preliminary testing seems to show that this works relatively well, and it was quite easy to set-up. However; the fact that it was so easy to set-up has got me a little worried. We're dealing with 100 - 300 concurrent users using the same web application (deployed on 2 or 3 Tomcat instances). I have done a little Googling and looking around on here and there seems to be more than 1 way to accomplish this (one example on here used a balancer:// style URL, which I've never seen before in an Apache config). For example, one question I ask myself is how reliable the load detection on mod_jk really is (Busyness, Session, Request, etc). In your experience, does this set-up prove to be reliable in real world scenarios? Any pointers on improvements, pit falls or interesting literature/articles? I've worked with Apache before, but am in no way an expert. Thanks in advance.

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• MongoDB on 128mb 32-bit VPS (plus Tornado and Redis)

  - by apito

  i am curious about how mongodb will perform in a limited vps. specifically, i'll deploy this configuration on 32-bit ubuntu 9.04 server with 128Mb memory (UPDATE: now i'm considering 360mb too). nginx and redis three instances of tornado apps (one is for mobile site; limited app, not my primary audience); has around 8 Collections. social webapp for my community. mongodb all beside mongodb seems to have small footprint. memory-mapping-wise, i dont know how mongodb will behave. i know it's a little bit a stretch to use this kind of config on a tiny vps, but that's what i can afford for now. i expect to have.. hmm.. maybe ~50 15rps. i did my homework doing a lot of frontend optimizations and yslow says grade A 91 (ruleset V2) :-) anyone willing to share experiences? eg. how big the data set size when mongo hit the ceiling, performance when mongo do a lot of disk IO, etc. thanks. UPDATE: this is my pet project. i'll get back to you when i have next spare time to do same httperf in a vbox with exact spec. suggestion how to do stress testing welcomed. i'm new to this kind of stuff.

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• computer fails to boot during/after POST for five or six boots, then works

  - by N13

  For the last few days, my computer has had issues booting. I've seen two different behaviors: The screen displays the graphics card information, then begins to list the RAM, hard drives, etc. At different points in this process (after the graphics info), the computer shuts off. After five or six attempts, it then boots normally. In roughly the same time frame, the computer freezes, and fails to boot. I think it boots successfully on the next attempt. I've also noticed that in some instances, the computer freezes on shutdown. It gets right to the point where it should shut off, but doesn't. I recently combined the best parts of two different machines into this one. I'm booting to GRUB, with Ubuntu 12.04, Linux Mint 11 and Windows Vista (unfortunately) as my OS options. It has an Enermax Modu82+ 525W power supply, and I've used an online calculator to determine that my load shouldn't exceed 400W. I even unplugged a hard drive, but that didn't help. I found the latest BIOS, patched it and checked the settings, but that didn't fix it. I'm fairly certain this issue didn't exist at first, but might have started when the power at my new apartment dropped for a second. The machine is plugged into a surge protector strip, but it's old and I've heard they lose effectiveness with age. Is a power dip as damaging as a spike? If something were damaged, why would it boot successfully after five or six attempts? It's almost like the BIOS or PSU need to be primed. The trouble with debugging is that there seems to be a "grace period" after shutdown where the issue doesn't present itself again. What should I try next?

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• Nagios DNX plugins

  - by danneh3826

  I'm toying with the idea of multiple Nagios instances setup to monitor our infrastructure. I've looked at all the various methods of distributed Nagios checks, and I think DNX comes out the closest. DNX handles failure of worker nodes, that's fine. What happens if the main DNX server fails though? Is there a way to replicate the server too? I'm using AWS EC2 primarily, so I can utilise Elastic Load Balancing for the web UI, but I need to be able to handle the AZ where the monitoring server is to fail over, and essentially for a second to pick up the checking load (active/passive, active/active, so long as it doesn't fail completely) The other thing I'm trying to solve is an issue with routing. What I'd like is to have multiple nodes report a fault before Nagios confirms it as critical. Not the NRPE checks, as they're pretty self explanitory, but things more like check_ping. I often have routing issues out of AWS to certain datacenters, so Nagios can often report bad/no ping/timeout as a critical issue, even though the machine in question is working fine. Would it be possible to have a setup where a worker complains a service check is critical, and have a second worker node (positioned in another datacenter/AZ) also report the service as critical before the Nagios central server issues a critical alert? I realise I might be asking a bit much (how far down the line do you go setting up failover systems before it starts to get ridiculous), however surely someone must have thought of this scenario when developing DNX?

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• sysbench memory test on ec2 small instance

  - by caribio

  I'm seeing a problem with sysbench memory test (the default version that's compiled in). This is on Ubuntu Maverick, sysbench installed via apt-get install sysbench. Running the same thing on Ubuntu @ Rackspace worked just as expected. While the CPU and I/O tests worked fine on EC2 servers, the memory test just runs without doing anything (notice the 0M in the test results). The instance used was the publicly available 'stock' Ubuntu image with no changes to it: ./ec2-run-instances ami-ccf405a5 --instance-type m1.small --region us-east-1 --key mykey Supplying more arguments (such as: --memory-block-size=1K --memory-total-size=102400M) didn't help. What am I doing wrong? Thanks. sysbench --num-threads=4 --test=memory run sysbench 0.4.12: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark Running the test with following options: Number of threads: 4 Doing memory operations speed test Memory block size: 1K Memory transfer size: 0M Memory operations type: write Memory scope type: global Threads started! Done. Operations performed: 0 ( 0.00 ops/sec) 0.00 MB transferred (0.00 MB/sec) Test execution summary: total time: 0.0003s total number of events: 0 total time taken by event execution: 0.0000 per-request statistics: min: 18446744073709.55ms avg: 0.00ms max: 0.00ms Threads fairness: events (avg/stddev): 0.0000/0.00 execution time (avg/stddev): 0.0000/0.00

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• Exchange 2010 UR3 - customizing OWA logon page

  - by STGdb

  I have an Exchange 2010 UR3 deployment that I need to customize the OWA logon page for. I've created a new LGNTOPL.GIF file to replace the existing one in the folder: “C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\V14\ClientAccess\Owa\14.3.158.1\themes\resources” When I bring up OWA, I still get the original “Outlook Web App” logo. I’ve searched and found a couple of other instances of LGNTOPL.GIF in the directories: “C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\V14\ClientAccess\Owa\14.3.123.3\themes\resources” “C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\V14\ClientAccess\Owa\14.3.146.0\themes\resources” “C:\Program Files\Microsoft\Exchange Server\V14\ClientAccess\Owa\Current\themes\resources” I’ve replaced the LGNTOPL.GIF file in each of the above directories but got the same results. I’ve tried clearing my browser cache and even using multiple browsers from multiple PC’s but the same results. I’ve even tried making my GIF file the same pixel size as the original LGNTOPL.GIF logo but still the same results. I’ve tried restarting IIS on the CAS server and restarting the server but same results. Has something changed with Exchange 2010 UR3 when trying to customize OWA? I don't see anything documented about any change to OWA customization. Thanks

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• Restoring MBR, partition table, and boot sector of memory card without data loss ("USBC")

  - by Synetech

  Abstract I have a FAT32 memory card that when inserted into a computer causes Windows to prompt to format it. The card is definitely not supposed to be blank and has a bunch of files on it. Symptoms Using a hex-editor/disk-viewer, I examined the card and found that several sectors/clusters have been overwritten with something that has a signature of USBC at the start of the sector. Specifically, the master boot record (and partition table) is gone (hence Windows thinking the card is blank and needing to be formatted), as are the boot sectors (they have the USBC signature and a volume label of NO NAME and partition type of FAT32). Fortunately, it looks like both copies of the FAT are almost entirely intact (a few FAT entries at the start of a cluster here and there seem to be overwritten by USBC). The root directory is also nearly intact—I can see the volume label entry and subdirectory listings, but one sector is overwritten. (There are no more instances of USBC after the last one in the FAT2.) Hypothesis These observations seem to indicate some sort of virus that erases a few key filesystem structures, and then overwrites a few extra sectors here and there. Googling it seems to corroborate the idea of a virus, except that others report a file called USBC which does not apply here, and in fact, could not be possible since there is no filesystem to even see files. I cannot find any information about a virus with these symptoms, nor a removal tool. (I can't help but wonder if it is actually due to an autorun virus prevention tool.) Question I can likely fix the FAT corruption since they are mostly contiguous chains and maybe even the lost sector of the root directory, but does anyone know of a convenient way to restore or (re)create the MBR/partition table and boot sectors (without formatting or overwriting the data)?

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• Server Hosting + AWS

  - by ledy

  Since my dedicated servers are hosted at a "normal" hosting service, I wonder if there is a really cheap way to extend the server farm with AWS instances. E.g. it seems to be a effient and flexible solution with data storage and ressources for ocassional data processing, too. However, it might be very in-efficient to mix two data centres and transfering data from current webhoster to amazon and vice-versa. In my case, the traffic for this continuous data exchange seems to be expensive and the delay for moving the data back to the hoster leads into a lack or delay. How are best practises for mixing non-aws and aws systems? E.g.: How to move the hosters data to aws as log file storage to run urchin analysis and/or port the log file data into a bigtable for exhausting analysis there. After working with the data: how to bring it back to the hoster and use the data with the webservers there? I am not going to move all the server farm to amazon, only "separate" parts or tasks if the transfer/exchange does not lead to increased cost.

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• Laptop seemingly randomly "freezes" to the point of no longer executing applications

  - by Aierou

  After upgrading to Windows 8 pro on my Samsung Series 7 Chronos NP700Z5C-S04US (may be relevant, I'm not sure), my computer began to stop allowing the execution of any service or application, as well as discontinuing the update of the clock until a hard shutdown was performed. This seems to occur randomly after periods of inactivity and I've no idea the cause. These are measures I have already taken in order to attempt to stop this: -Obviously Googling potential answers to this problem -Updating all drivers -Researching all events that have occurred around the time of the failure to respond (with no results) -I tried applying "bcdedit /set disabledynamictick no" which was a hotfix for what seemed to be the same error but was not. Here is some more, potentially related, information about the error: -No BSOD (actually, I haven't at all experienced a BSOD with Windows 8) -Computer seems to have a problem shutting down/restarting most of the time (Hangs at the point where it should completely turn off) -New sound instances are not able to play, but previously loaded containers function properly -As mentioned before, the clock freezes at the time of the error -USB devices function properly -Servers that I was running fail to respond on my end, but stay online. If you require more information, please request it specifically and I will be happy to oblige. Thanks.

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• Map path server with workgroup to other server with domain

  - by bzamfir

  I have the following situation, and I need some help to setup properly I have two VPS (hosted with the same provider, maximumasp). Server A is 2008R2, set with WORKGROUP, and server B is 2012, set with domain, maximumasp.local. On server A I have an old web app, which uses a special folder, c:\MyUploads, to store uploaded files. App is using this using an appSetting. It will be kept running for a while for safety / compatibility reasons. I installed a new version of the application on server B, running under AppPoolIdentity. Both instances of the app (A and B) will connect to the same database, so I need them to share also the access to upload folder c:\MyUploads. How should I setup the app on machine B to access the folder c:\MyUploads ? My idea is to share the folder as \A\MyUploads, and then map it to server B. But the problem is, I don't know to give Read/write to c:\MyUploads on machine A to IIS AppPools\ on machine B I was trying a test, and shared the c:\MyUploads to Everyone, ReadWrite. I was able to access it from machine B using \\MyUploads But when app from machine B tried to access a file, it gave error. Any idea how can I accomplish this? Some advice on best practices for such situation would be great. Thank you

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• With puppet, can you have the client ask to be a certain set of roles?

  - by Aitch

  I've recently got my puppetmaster and client up and running and have had the client correctly signed, then requested and applied simple changes, all good. I have a growing number of machines (100). They are not consistently named (historical reasons). They fall into a handful of categories (think of it like: dataserver_type1, dataserver_type2, webserver_type1, webserver_type2....). New instances of these types of machines are added weekly. I don't understand (yet) or cannot see how I can declare a "generic" node of (say) "dataserver_type1" that contains whatever modules it needs, and set something in the client puppet.conf that says "I am a dataserver_type1" without using the hostname/FQDN If I set the node name in the catalog as (say) "my-data-server-type1" - the certified hostname - it picks it up and works. I know you can use patterns for hostnames but as I said, my server names are not consistent, and I can't change them. This seems disingenuous to have to edit a file and manually add a node for each server, when they continue to grow. Edit: Digging deeper, it seems roles may be what I want. But there still seems to be an element whereby the master has contain a list of roles that a specific named server should do. Perhaps what I am asking is, how can a client say "I want to be this role", without the server having to be updated?

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• What kind of hosting do I need? [closed]

  - by Robert Smith

  I have been trying to answer this question but I haven't found an specific answer to my situation. As I want to pay for what I need, I thought I could get a good answer here. I have custom made forum (rather than a built-in forum like the ones you can find as plugins, e.g. WP-Forum or phpBB type of software) in Django. I don't want to use Apache and modwsgi because it's usually very memory-hungry and I can't afford a big server. I prefer a combination of nginx and gunicorn which I think is very efficient (maybe you can also tell me what you think about that). I'm expecting to receive 10,000 to 20,000 visits each month with 15,000 to 30,000 page impressions. I have reviewed some cloud services like Amazon EC2 or Rackspace and other more traditional services (Linodo). This site won't use videos or big images and I certainly don't need a huge amount of bandwidth (200GB would be definitely too much). I need shell access so shared hosting is out of the question. What do I need to run a website like that without problems? What about RAM? 256MB would be enough (that's the amount of RAM offered by small instances in Amazon and Rackspace)? Do you know of any alternative to those I mentioned? If you need more information to provide a useful answer, please don't hesitate to ask. Thanks a lot.

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• Anyone have real world experience with Rackspace Cloud Sites at high scale?

  - by Allara

  I have a pure web service application layer using .NET. I was originally planning to use Amazon EC2, but rolling my own autoscaling procedures is a bit intimidating, and the scaling isn't very granular from a cost perspective. If the app is successful, we could be looking at relatively high scale (millions of requests per month). The app uses Amazon SimpleDB as the database layer. As a test, I have the app running successfully in Rackspace Cloud Sites. Performance seems to be equal to (if not better than) a standard EC2 instance, even with the added latency of the SimpleDB requests travelling to the Rackspace network. However, testing at this stage is at a very low scale. My question is this: has anyone had real-world experience running a high scale application on Rackspace Cloud Sites? Moreover, once you pass the "included" 10,000 compute cycles per month, does the overall cost seem to be lower than rolling lots of EC2 instances? My assumption would be that with completely smooth scaling (i.e. only adding compute resources as needed), the cost could be lower on average. However, their stated goal of calibrating 10,000 CCs as a single 1.2 Ghz CPU seems on average to be much more expensive than EC2. I like the idea of no-touch scaling, but is it too good to be true?

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• Mysterious swap usage on EC2

  - by rusty

  We're in the middle of a project to move our infrastructure from a co-lo situation into Amazon EC2 and we've noticed some weird memory characteristics of the processes in our setup. Without going into too much detail about the specifics of our processes, we've noticed that on our EC2 instances "top" will show processes using a lot of swap space -- in fact, much greater than the amount of available swap or (if you add it all up) more than the available disk. Here's a sample top output: Mem: 7136868k total, 5272300k used, 1864568k free, 256876k buffers Swap: 1048572k total, 0k used, 1048572k free, 2526504k cached PID USER PR NI VIRT RES SHR S %CPU %MEM TIME+ SWAP COMMAND 4121 jboss 20 0 5913m 603m 14m S 0.7 8.7 3:59.90 5.2g java 22730 root 20 0 2394m 4012 1976 S 2.0 0.1 4:20.57 2.3g PassengerHelper 20564 rails 20 0 2539m 220m 9828 S 0.3 3.2 0:23.58 2.3g java 1423 nscd 20 0 877m 1464 972 S 0.0 0.0 0:03.89 876m nscd You can see, for instance, that jboss is reportedly using 5.2 gigs of swap space which is definitely impossible since there's only 1G allocated and none is being used (probably because there's still 1.8G of RAM free). And here's the results of uname -a: Linux xxx.yyy.zzz 2.6.35.14-106.53.amzn1.x86_64 #1 SMP Fri Jan 6 16:20:10 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux We're running an AMI based off of the default Amazon Linux AMI (Amazon Linux AMI release 2011.09, so some RHEL5 and RHEL 6) with not too many customizations and definitely no kernel-level customizations. Something here tells me that on this particular kernel/distribution, the reporting of swap or maybe even total memory usage isn't what it appears to be... Any help would be appreciated!

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• Public Folders - Delete Public Folders from 2003 after migrating to 2010 (via Adsiedit) - safe?

  - by HeavenCore

  Similar Question: How do I delete a public store in Exchange 2003? We are ready to remove our Exchange 2003 server after having migrated all public folders and mailboxes to 2010. We ran for a week with the exchange 2003 server shutdown and everything seemed to work. When I try to delete the PF database from 2003 it says it contains replicas. Whilst migrating i only had one was sync working (from 2003 to 2010) so i believe that 2003 hasn't received the responses from 2010 saying replica removed. When I look in Public folders on the 2003 box none are listed, when i look in PF Instances they are all listed. I know everything has moved to the 2010 server and I know 2010 is not showing the 2003 server as a replica for any folders. I am looking to use ADSI edit to remove the Public folder database from the 2003 server, but want to ensure i am going to delete the right thing so that they do not get deleted from the 2010 database. Should i delete configuration, Services, Microsoft Exchange, Company Name, Administrative groups, First administrative group, Servers, Server name, Information store, First storage group, public folder store (Server name)? Or something else? I have checked and the only public folder with the old exchange server listed as a replica is SYSTEM CONFIGURATION. Thanks in advance.

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• Passive mode FTP file download hangs from specific machine

  - by chiptuned

  I have a server which is an AWS instance that just cannot download files from a specific FTP server. I can connect to the FTP server fine and run some commands, but when I request a file it just hangs. Here is the debug output of the base linux ftp client after login: ---> SYST 215 UNIX Type: Apache FtpServer Remote system type is UNIX. ftp> get outgoing/catalog.gz catalog.gz local: catalog.gz remote: outgoing/catalog.gz ---> PASV 227 Entering Passive Mode (64,156,167,125,135,191) ---> RETR outgoing/catalog.gz 150 File status okay; about to open data connection. Thats it. Then it just sits there and nothing transfers. I have verified that a data connection is made but the client gets no data. ? ss -nt dst 64.156.167.125 State Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address:Port Peer Address:Port ESTAB 0 0 10.185.147.150:41190 64.156.167.125:21 ESTAB 0 0 10.185.147.150:48871 64.156.167.125:48557 The FTP server is not in my control and downloads from other FTP servers in passive mode have worked. Active mode does not work as the system is behind a firewall. Every FTP client I've tried has the same problem. The download works from other systems, even from other AWS instances I have with the same Security Group. Not necessarily the same distro or config though. I understand it may be some issue on the server side, but I want to know what it is about my particular machine where the transfer hangs and where on every other machine I can get my hands on, it works. Please let me know what the culprit on the client side could be or ideas on what else to look at.

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• SSH & SFTP: Should I assign one port to each user to facilitate bandwidth monitoring?

  - by BertS

  There is no easy way to track real-time per-user bandwidth usage for SSH and SFTP. I think assigning one port to each user may help. Idea of implementation Use case Bob, with UID 1001, shall connect on port 31001. Alice, with UID 1002, shall connect on port 31002. John, with UID 1003, shall connect on port 31003. (I do not want to lauch several sshd instances as proposed in question 247291.) 1. Setup for SFTP: In /etc/ssh/sshd_config: Port 31001 Port 31002 Port 31003 Subsystem sftp /usr/bin/sftp-wrapper.sh The file sftp-wrapper.sh starts the sftp server only if the port is the correct one: #!/bin/sh mandatory_port=3`id -u` current_port=`echo $SSH_CONNECTION | awk '{print $4}'` if [ $mandatory_port -eq $current_port ] then exec /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server fi 2. Additional setup for SSH: A few lines in /etc/profile prevents the user from connecting on the wrong port: if [ -n "$SSH_CONNECTION" ] then mandatory_port=3`id -u` current_port=`echo $SSH_CONNECTION | awk '{print $4}'` if [ $mandatory_port -ne $current_port ] then echo "Please connect on port $mandatory_port." exit 1 fi fi Benefits Now it should be easy to monitor per-user bandwidth usage. A Rrdtool-based application could produce charts like this: I know this won't be a perfect calculation of the bandwidth usage: for example, if somebody launches a bruteforce attack on port 31001, there will be a lot of traffic on this port although not from Bob. But this is not a problem to me: I do not need an exact computation of per-user bandwidth usage, but an indicator that is approximately correct in standard situations. Questions Is the idea of assigning one port for each user is a good one? Is the proposed setup an reliable one? If I have to open dozens of ports for many users, should I expect a performance drawback? Do you know a rrdtool-based application which could make the chart above?

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