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• SSH to an ubuntu machine using avahi

  - by tensaiji

  I have an ubuntu box that I connect to using avahi. Connecting to that box works fine for all services (I regularly use AFP, SSH and SMB on it) but I've noticed that whenever I connect to it from a mac using SSH (and using the ".local" dns name provided by avahi - eg. "ssh .local") SSH tries to connect using ipv6, which for some reason times out (after two minutes) then it tries ipv4 which connects immediately. I'd like to avoid this timeout, as it's really annoying for me and other users - if SSH tried ipv4 first or if ssh over ipv6 worked then that would solve the problem. But so far I've been unable to get either to work (the best I've managed is to specify the "-4" option to SSH to stop it from trying ipv6 at all). I'm using Ubuntu 10.04. Any solution has to be on the server (not the client) as there are multiple clients connecting. A possible complication might be that my LAN is set up to allow link-local ipv6 addresses only, but I have other servers (using Mac OS) that I can SSH into using ipv6) I suspect that the problem could be solved by either preventing avahi from broadcasting the ipv6 address, or by enabling ssh over ipv6, but so far as I can tell avahi is already configured not to broadcast the ipv6 address and sshd is configured to allow ipv6 connections! Here's my /etc/avahi/avahi-daemon.conf (I don't think I've changed anything from the ubuntu defaults) [server] #host-name=foo #domain-name=local #browse-domains=0pointer.de, zeroconf.org use-ipv4=yes use-ipv6=no #allow-interfaces=eth0 #deny-interfaces=eth1 #check-response-ttl=no #use-iff-running=no #enable-dbus=yes #disallow-other-stacks=no #allow-point-to-point=no [wide-area] enable-wide-area=yes [publish] #disable-publishing=no #disable-user-service-publishing=no #add-service-cookie=no #publish-addresses=yes #publish-hinfo=yes #publish-workstation=yes #publish-domain=yes #publish-dns-servers=192.168.50.1, 192.168.50.2 #publish-resolv-conf-dns-servers=yes #publish-aaaa-on-ipv4=yes #publish-a-on-ipv6=no [reflector] #enable-reflector=no #reflect-ipv=no [rlimits] #rlimit-as= rlimit-core=0 rlimit-data=4194304 rlimit-fsize=0 rlimit-nofile=300 rlimit-stack=4194304 rlimit-nproc=3 and here's my sshd_config (mainly updated to only allow pub/private keys): # What ports, IPs and protocols we listen for Port 22 # Use these options to restrict which interfaces/protocols sshd will bind to #ListenAddress :: #ListenAddress 0.0.0.0 Protocol 2 # HostKeys for protocol version 2 HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key HostKey /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key #Privilege Separation is turned on for security UsePrivilegeSeparation yes # Lifetime and size of ephemeral version 1 server key KeyRegenerationInterval 3600 ServerKeyBits 768 # Logging SyslogFacility AUTH LogLevel INFO # Authentication: LoginGraceTime 180 PermitRootLogin no StrictModes yes RSAAuthentication yes PubkeyAuthentication yes #AuthorizedKeysFile %h/.ssh/authorized_keys # Don't read the user's ~/.rhosts and ~/.shosts files IgnoreRhosts yes # For this to work you will also need host keys in /etc/ssh_known_hosts RhostsRSAAuthentication no # similar for protocol version 2 HostbasedAuthentication no # Uncomment if you don't trust ~/.ssh/known_hosts for RhostsRSAAuthentication #IgnoreUserKnownHosts yes # To enable empty passwords, change to yes (NOT RECOMMENDED) PermitEmptyPasswords no # Change to yes to enable challenge-response passwords (beware issues with # some PAM modules and threads) ChallengeResponseAuthentication no # Change to no to disable tunnelled clear text passwords PasswordAuthentication no AllowGroups sshusers # Kerberos options #KerberosAuthentication no #KerberosGetAFSToken no #KerberosOrLocalPasswd yes #KerberosTicketCleanup yes # GSSAPI options #GSSAPIAuthentication no #GSSAPICleanupCredentials yes X11Forwarding yes X11DisplayOffset 10 PrintMotd no PrintLastLog yes TCPKeepAlive yes #UseLogin no MaxStartups 10:30:60 #Banner /etc/issue.net # Allow client to pass locale environment variables AcceptEnv LANG LC_* Subsystem sftp /usr/lib/openssh/sftp-server UsePAM yes Does anyone have any ideas that I can try, or has experienced anything similar?

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• /etc/hosts.deny ignored in Ubuntu 14.04

  - by Matt

  I have Apache2 running on Ubuntu 14.04LTS. To begin securing network access to the machine, I want to start by blocking everything, then make specific allow statements for specific subnets to browse to sites hosted in Apache. The Ubuntu Server is installed with no packages selected during install, the only packages added after install are: apt-get update; apt-get install apache2, php5 (with additional php5-modules), openssh-server, mysql-client Following are my /etc/hosts.deny & /etc/hosts.allow settings: /etc/hosts.deny ALL:ALL /etc/hosts.allow has no allow entries at all. I would expect all network protocols to be denied. The symptom is that I can still web browse to sites hosted on the Apache web server even though there is a deny all statement in /etc/hosts.deny The system was rebooted after the deny entry was added. Why would /etc/hosts.deny with ALL:ALL be ignored and allow http browsing to sites hosted on the apache web server?

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• Install PHP MSSQL drivers in Ubuntu

  - by Mirage

  How do I install MS SQL drivers for PHP on Ubuntu.

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• Setting up Tornado with Nginx on Ubuntu 10.04 for production use

  - by DjangoRocks

  Hi all, I understand that there's an nginx configuration file at http://www.friendfeed.com But i don't really know how to set up Tornada for production use on Ubuntu 10.04 with Nginx. Here's my situation and assumptions: 1) Assuming my Tornado project is set up as such: project/ src/ static/ templates/ project.py And I have installed Tornado by downloading the repositary from Github and than sudo python setup.py install 2) I've installed Nginx and started it based on the instructions here : http://library.linode.com/web-servers/nginx/installation/ubuntu-10.04-lucid My questions are: Where does my nginx configuration file go ? Within the src/ folder? After configuring Nginx, how do I start my Tornado project?

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• what are security implications of running Ubuntu inside Windows 7?

  - by EndangeringSpecies

  I am thinking of switching to Ubuntu as a way of making web browsing more secure. So, suppose I will go the easy route and run Ubuntu as an app inside Windows and then run Firefox inside of that. What will this do to the security given the current threat environment? E.g. do most online threats nowadays target the browser and flash (which presumably would be safely sandboxed inside easy to wipe Ubuntu environment) or do they target the Windows TCP-IP stack where Ubuntu would give no protection? Well, most likely the above question does not come near to covering all the security implications of this setup :-), so please do discuss whatever other issues that may be relevant here.

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• Ubuntu PowerEdge T110

  - by Josh

  I just got a Dell PowerEdge T110 server. I moved the boot order to CD - HDD - NIC, then installed Ubuntu 10.10, Desktop Ed. I chose install alongside other OS (even though there was none), then chose use entire partition. It showed that Ubuntu would use 160 of the 160 available GB. It installed, updated (while installing), then said, need to eject and restart, as usual. It restarted, but to a blank screen. No output whatsoever. Not even BIOS. Just blank. The monitor isn't even woken from sleep. Power cycled, still doing it. Tested the monitor with a laptop, and it is fine. What on earth is going on here?

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• Configuring Ubuntu 10.04's Greeter Screen

  - by Skizz

  I have an Ubuntu server (9.04 at the moment) and an Ubuntu desktop which I recently upgraded to 10.04. Once I'd set up the users and groups on the desktop to match the server (I'm new to this, I think LDAP would do this for me, but that's another question), the friendly greeter screen no longer displays the same set of users1. In 9.04 (the previous version running on the desktop PC) there were four users shown. These had UIDs of 500 to 510. Changing the UIDs is one solution, but that would mean changing the UIDs on all my linux PCs, and that is a might PITA (unless there's a tool to make it less painful). How can I get the greeter in 10.04 to show users with UIDs in the 500s without resorting to changing the UIDs? I use the greeter screen with user pictures as the PC is mainly for use by my young children and clicking the picture is a bit easier (they still need to type a password though).

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• Ubuntu terminal questions

  - by Camran

  I am wondering about my VPS providers ubuntu terminal. Are all these terminals the same? I think they are so user-UN-friendly. I can't copy-paste into the terminal, when I try opening textfiles, I can't scroll up and down easily. I cant save easily. Nothing is easy... Is it always like this with Ubuntu? Is there any way to make it easier? I use windows but I login to my vps provider with login details and then simply click "terminal" to open the terminal. Please help me out here

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• User account automatically filling up with dead.letter file

  - by jeroen

  I have one user account on a server with about 400 accounts that is filling up automatically. The dead.letter file in the users home directory automatically grows until the account is full (about 10 - 40 Mb per day). The user is using Microsoft Outlook to send and receive mail. What can be causing this and how can I avoid it from happening? Right now I have an emergency cron-job to delete the file but I would like "real" solution. Edit: The server version is Red Hat Enterprise Linux ES release 4 (Nahant Update 4) Edit 2: It seems mainly spam and I see different mailer headings (from php to Outlook Express) and a frequent appearing header is [email protected] Update: I have asked the hosting provider where I use that dedicated server to look into the problem as well, as it's their Control Panel that could be a cause of the problem.

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• How do I access an Ubuntu VirtualBox guest at a static IP from an OS X host?

  - by David Siegel

  How does one configure an Ubuntu guest to use a static IP that's visible to an OS X host, and ensure that the static IP is independent of the host's network configuration? I previously used bridged networking for my guest, but I'm constantly moving my host between networks so the guest IP is always different. First, I tried setting the guest network configuration to NAT and forwarding host port 1022 to guest port 22, so I could at least ssh to a fixed address (localhost:1022): $ VBoxManage setextradata "Ubuntu Server" "VBoxInternal/Devices/e1000/0/LUN#0/Config/SSH/Protocol" "TCP" $ VBoxManage setextradata "Ubuntu Server" "VBoxInternal/Devices/e1000/0/LUN#0/Config/SSH/GuestPort" 22 $ VBoxManage setextradata "Ubuntu Server" "VBoxInternal/Devices/e1000/0/LUN#0/Config/SSH/HostPort" 1022 Then, $ ssh localhost -p 1022 ssh: connect to host localhost port 1022: Connection refused But this didn't work (guest has no network access with NAT and OS X refused the connection, as you can see). I'd love a general solution that would let me communicate with my guest at a fixed IP.

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• How to renew dhcp ip address in ubuntu?

  - by elviejo

  This is a simple question in ubuntu server How do I renew a dhcp assigned IP address?

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• Log incoming requests on Ubuntu (ports 80, 443)

  - by Maxim Eliseev

  We have Tomcat running on Ubuntu server. It runs a web service, open to the internet. Sometimes it has a sudden spike of traffic and goes down. There is nothing unusual in Tomcat access logs. I guess it is because some of the requests are so 'heavy' that they never finish and hence are not recorded to Tomcat access logs. Is there a way to configure Ubuntu to log incoming requests in the following format (below)? Date, Time, URL (with query string params), IP address (of client) There should be one line per request. Each request should be logged before it is executed. Only incoming requests to ports 80 and 443 should be logged.

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• Ubuntu doesn't start and I can't login [migrated]

  - by Meph00

  My ubuntu 13.04 doesn't boot anymore. Eternal black screen. If I press ALT+CTRL+F1 I see that it's stucked on "Checking battery state [OK]." I'd like to try to go with sudo apt-get install gdm but I can't login on terminal tty2, tty3 etc. They correctly ask for my nickname, then they make me wait a lot, ask for password and make me wait again. After a lot of time (... a lot) the best I could achieve was visualizing "Documentantion https://help.ubuntu.com". I can never reach the point where I can give commands. Plus, during the long pauses, every 2 minutes it gives a messagge like this: INFO: task XXX blocked for more than 120 seconds. Any suggestion? Sorry for my bad english and thanks everyone for the attention.

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• Ubuntu freezes when gdm starts showing userlist

  - by Enrique Becerra

  I have Ubuntu 10.10 (upgraded from 10.04) I was browsing in Firefox yesterday, then the PC did a suddenly reset Once I restarted, everything went normal until gdm begun showing. Then everything froze and locked when userlist showed. I could not move mouse pointer nor do anything with keyboard. Both, mouse and keyboard work fine, because this Ubuntu is dual-booting with a Windows XP install which loads/works fine. Here is my .xsession-errors file, but I don't have a clue what may be wrong. Thanks http://pastebin.com/GVtneEAF

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• Deny directory browsing in a Proftpd / Ubuntu Installation

  - by skylarking

  I used this guide to set up a Proftpd installation an Ubuntu 8.04 server... Works well, but the generic user ( userftp ) can run ls and is able to change to any Directory and browse freely on the server ..from the root / and upwards.. I added this line to etc/shells /bin/false in hopes that that would prevent this ... I really only want the userftp account to be able to upload to the generic /home/FTP-Shared directory, and be able to do nothing else on the server. How is this accomplished ... This is a headless Ubuntu box..and I am using CLI only .. no GUI admin tools

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• Ubuntu: One or more of the mounts listed in fstab cannot ye be mounted

  - by Phuong Nguyen

  I was enjoying a Movie when my Ubuntu suddenly hung. At the next reboot, here is the message: One or more of the mounts listed in /etc/fstab cannot yet be mounted: /home: waiting for /dev/disk/by-uuid/.... Press ESC to enter a recovery shell. Problems: When I enter recovery shell, I don't know that to do. If I press Ctrl+D, then the message above will reappear. What should I do? I checked with Ubuntu Live CD and my partition looks OK.

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• How to link a directory in Ubuntu to a directory in Windows 7?

  - by user314314

  Hey guys. I've just installed Ubuntu 10.04, trying out linux for the first time. I'm wondering if it's possible to link my documents folder in Ubuntu to my documents folder in Windows, so that when I open the folder in Ubuntu, I am linked to the folder in Windows. Any ideas?

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• Hyper-V Ubuntu Networking Problems Copying Large Amounts of Data

  - by Anonymous

  I am trying to copy a large amount (about 50 GB) of data over my network from a Hyper-V-hosted virtual machine running Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal) to another (non-virtual) Ubuntu host that I plan to use for testing upgrades to one of our web applications. The problem I am having is with the virtual machine, which I shall refer to in what follows as "source.host". This machine is running 64-bit Ubuntu Server with the 2.6.38-8-server kernel and the Microsoft Linux Integration Components for Hyper-V kernel modules (hv_utils, hv_timesource, hv_netvsc, hv_blkvsc, hv_storvsc, and hv_vmbus) loaded. It uses a Hyper-V "synthetic network adapter" for its networking interface. To do the copy, I log on to the machine with the data and run the following commands (Call the remote machine "destination.host".): $ cd /path/to/data $ tar -cvf - datafolder/ | ssh [email protected] "cat > ~/data.tar" This runs for a while and then suddenly stops after transferring somewhere from 2-6 GB. The terminal on the source.host machine displays a Write failed: broken pipe error. The odd part is this: after this occurs, the "source.host" machine is no longer able to talk to the rest of the network. I cannot ping any other hosts on the network from the "source.host" machine, and I cannot ping the "source.host" machine from any other host on the network. I am equally unable to access the any of the web services hosted on "source.host". Running ifconfig on "source.host" shows the network adapter to be up and running as usual with the correct IP address and everything. I tried restarting the networking service with $ /etc/init.d/networking restart but the problem does not go away. Restarting the machine makes it capable of talking to the network again -- it can ping and be pinged by other hosts, and the web services are also accessible and usable as normal -- but attempting the copy operation again results in the same failure, requiring another restart. As an experiment, I tried replacing the tar -- ssh pipeline above with a straight scp: $ scp -r datafolder/ [email protected]:~ but to no avail Thinking that the issue might have to do with the kernel packet-send buffers filling up, I tried increasing the buffer size to 12 MB (up from the 128 KB default) with # echo 12582911 > /proc/sys/net/core/wmem_max but this also had no effect. I'm guessing at this point that it might be a problem with the Microsoft synthetic network driver, but I don't really know. Does anyone have any suggestions? Thank you very much in advance!

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• Ubuntu PPTP VPN to Microsoft Server Command Line ONLY

  - by supreme

  I try to setup a VPN Connection from a Ubuntu 12.04 LTS to Microsoft VPN Server (Ubuntu is the Client in this Case), but I only get this error message: .. connection failed! Check the log messages below for information why. Couldn't open the /dev/ppp device: Operation not permitted FATAL: Module ppp_generic not found./usr/sbin/pppd: Sorry - this system lacks PPP kernel support Details you may need: modprobe -v ppp > FATAL: Module ppp not found. uname -r -> 2.6.32-042stab076.8

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• Ubuntu server 11 showing weird characters on console

  - by andySF

  I've installed Ubuntu server 11 after my last hard drive failed to perform. The install process and GRUB screen are OK but I have a problem with the console. I attached two photos because it's difficult for me to describe this issue. I have little knowledge about Linux. My server is used for git, file server, print server. I played with this command dpkg-reconfigure console-setup but no effect. It's nothing physicality wrong with my display or my memory(it's on board). I have run a memtest, and besides that withe the previous version of Ubuntu I've had no problems. The problem.

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• Set up Ubuntu in Virtualbox to have static ip

  - by Don H

  I frequently work in different locations, and need to have a virtualbox version of Ubuntu server running locally. While I was at home getting it set up, I was able to ssh into the server using the locally allocated IP address. However, now that I'm elsewhere, ifconfig is still showing the old 10.0.x.x ip address, but instead of being in the 10.0.x.x space, my laptop's ip starts with 192.168.x.x With that in mind, if there a straightforward way to set up the virtual box Ubuntu server in such a way that I can just connect using "ssh servername" regardless of it's ip address?

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• Do I need to reserve space before installing Ubuntu alongside Windows 7?

  - by CRM Junkie

  I had Windows 7 32 bit on my existing system, but I am planning to install Ubuntu alongside it. So, I just decided to do a fresh installation of both the operating systems. When I insert the Windows 7 DVD, I can create 3 partitions at maximum, with one being the one where Windows 7 will be installed. I just wanted to know – do I need to keep some un-partitioned space for Ubuntu to install? By "unpartitioned space" I mean the space left after creating 3 partitions for Windows 7. I have a 500 GB HDD, so the three partitions I would be creating are 120 GB, 120 GB and 120 GB. The rest is shown as some logical drive, is that unpartitioned space? Can I install Ubuntu over there? I am pretty sure the space shown as logical won't be available as drives when I log into Windows 7. Is that space lost or can I use that to install ubuntu?

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• Apache Ubuntu SSL Configuration

  - by JSP

  Where besides the vhost configuration can SSL be configured? I see an SSL configuration in sites-available but it's not an enabled vhost (and the certificate it points to is expired). Using apache2 -V shows me the configuration directory is /etc/apache2 but I can not for the life of me find the SSL configuration and it's driving me crazy. Any suggestions on where to look or what I'm missing? Ubuntu 12 Linux ip-10-39-119-18 3.2.0-23-virtual #36-Ubuntu SMP Tue Apr 10 22:29:03 UTC 2012 x86_64 x86_64 x86_64 GNU/Linux

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• Downgrading PHP from 5.3 version to 5.2.x on Ubuntu

  - by sdlugosz

  I'm looking some some way to downgrade php from 5.3 version to 5.2.x on Ubuntu 9.10

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• How to tell from what Ubuntu or Debian repository a package comes?

  - by gotgenes

  On a Debian-based system, including Ubuntu, how can one tell which repository a package will be downloaded from, without actually beginning the download? aptitude show and apt-cache info will show the section (e.g., metapackage, base, graphics), but not the repository to which a package belongs (e.g., http://ppa.launchpad.net/mactel-support/ppa/ubuntu or http://us.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/). When installing the package, the actual repository appears during the download (it is printed out in the "downloading from ..." output from apt and similar programs), but how can one obtain information on the repository containing the package (or a specific version of a package) without downloading and installing it first? Additionally, how can one determine the source repository for a package that is already installed?

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