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• How to disabled password authentication for specific users in SSHD

  - by Nick

  I have read several posts regarding restricting ALL users to Key authentication ONLY, however I want to force only a single user (svn) onto Key auth only, the rest can be key or password. I read How to disable password authentication for every users except several, however it seems the "match user" part of sshd_config is part of openssh-5.1. I am running CentOS 5.6 and only have OpenSSH 4.3. I have the following repos available at the moment. $ yum repolist Loaded plugins: fastestmirror repo id repo name status base CentOS-5 - Base enabled: 3,535 epel Extra Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - x86_64 enabled: 6,510 extras CentOS-5 - Extras enabled: 299 ius IUS Community Packages for Enterprise Linux 5 - x86_64 enabled: 218 rpmforge RHEL 5 - RPMforge.net - dag enabled: 10,636 updates CentOS-5 - Updates enabled: 720 repolist: 21,918 I mainly use epel, rpmforge is used to the latest version (1.6) of subversion. Is there any way to achieve this with my current setup? I don't want to restrict the server to keys only because if I lose my key I lose my server ;-)

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• Execute build task in Hudson with root privilages

  - by jensendarren

  I have a build script which executes apt-get and therefore requires root privileges. What is the best way to run this script in Hudson? Currently the only solution I have found that works is to add an entry to the sudoers file for the user hudson like so: hudson ALL=(ALL) NOPASSWD:ALL However, although my build script now runs without error in Hudson, I am not entirely comfortable with this solution. Is there a better way?

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• Attack from anonymous proxy

  - by mmgn

  We got attacked by some very-bored teenagers registering in our forums and posting very explicit material using anonymous proxy websites, like http://proxify.com/ Is there a way to check the registration IP against a black list database? Has anyone experienced this and had success?

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• How do anti-viruses work?

  - by Phoshi

  So I was thinking about viruses recently, and wondering how exactly antiviruses keep up? Considering anybody who'd been coding for a few weeks could hack together something do do nasty, nasty things to somebody's PC, the quantity alone would make a simple list of hashes prohibitive, so how do antiviruses do it? Do they monitor process activity and have a 3 strikes rule for doing virus-like things? And if so, what's stopping it from triggering on perfectly harmless things (like me moving files around in \system32)? I did a bit of googling, but the regular places didn't particularly help, and I couldn't find a dupe here, so I thought it'd be good to ask :)

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• Strange ssh login

  - by Hikaru

  I am running debian server and i have received a strange email warning about ssh login It says, that user mail logged in using ssh from remote address: Environment info: USER=mail SSH_CLIENT=92.46.127.173 40814 22 MAIL=/var/mail/mail HOME=/var/mail SSH_TTY=/dev/pts/7 LOGNAME=mail TERM=xterm PATH=/usr/local/bin:/usr/bin:/bin:/usr/bin/X11:/usr/games LANG=en_US.UTF-8 SHELL=/bin/sh KRB5CCNAME=FILE:/tmp/krb5cc_8 PWD=/var/mail SSH_CONNECTION=92.46.127.173 40814 my-ip-here 22 I looked in /etc/shadow and find out, that password for is not set mail:*:15316:0:99999:7::: I found this lines for login in auth.log n 3 02:57:09 gw sshd[2090]: pam_winbind(sshd:auth): getting password (0x00000388) Jun 3 02:57:09 gw sshd[2090]: pam_winbind(sshd:auth): pam_get_item returned a password Jun 3 02:57:09 gw sshd[2091]: pam_winbind(sshd:auth): user 'mail' granted access Jun 3 02:57:09 gw sshd[2091]: Accepted password for mail from 92.46.127.173 port 45194 ssh2 Jun 3 02:57:09 gw sshd[2091]: pam_unix(sshd:session): session opened for user mail by (uid=0) Jun 3 02:57:10 gw CRON[2051]: pam_unix(cron:session): session closed for user root and lots of auth failures for this user. There is no lines with COMMAND string for this user. Nothing was found with "rkhunter" and with "ps aux" process inspection, also there is no suspicious connections was found with "netstat" (as I can see) Can anyone tell me how it is possible and what else should be done? Thanks in advance.

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• How to protect custom shapes from being reused? Visio 2010

  - by Chris

  We are building a set of documentation for our business with Visio 2010. We need to make the Visio files accessible to external consultants for review, but we want to ensure that they cannot copy any of our custom shapes or formulas. How can we protect custom shapes/stencils so that they cannot be used outside of our documents? Or, if that's not possible, how can we mark our shapes in such a way that we could prove that they were created by us?

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• tftpd starts randomly

  - by Mutant

  A few days ago my Little Snitch filter starts popping up tftpd. I'd never seen this before, so I immediately start freaking out thinking my Mac has been compromised. I can't find anything unusual on the system. The process usually dies before I can trace it (little snitch never allowed the connection just left the popup up). I finally caught it once, and found this: [10:32]: sudo lsof -nlP | fgrep tftp Password: tftpd 1924 18446744 cwd DIR 1,3 1326 2 / tftpd 1924 18446744 txt REG 1,3 29856 163979456 /usr/libexec/tftpd tftpd 1924 18446744 txt REG 1,3 600576 163686622 /usr/lib/dyld tftpd 1924 18446744 txt REG 1,3 303300608 189014898 /private/var/db/dyld/dyld_shared_cache_x86_64 tftpd 1924 18446744 0u IPv4 0x34a76100fcbb06e3 0t0 UDP *:55818 tftpd 1924 18446744 2u IPv4 0x34a76100f1113c53 0t0 UDP *:69 [10:32]: ps ax | fgrep 1924 1924 ?? S 0:00.00 /usr/libexec/tftpd -i /private/tftpboot 1949 s000 S+ 0:00.00 fgrep 1924 For the life of me I can't figure out what is starting this. Nothing in cron, launchdaemons, etc. Google searches haven't yielded much either. The connection IP is different each time. So my question is: Has anyone seen anything like this before?

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• Setting permissions on user accounts

  - by Ron Porter

  We would like to lock a couple of accounts to prevent even domain admins from resetting the password without already knowing the current password. From what I can see in the permission sets, this looks possible. Anything I've found on the subject recommends against altering default permissions, but doesn't go into detail why. Assuming that domain admin retains the ability to reset passwords without knowing current passwords is it reasonable to prevent password resets on the domain admin account and maybe a couple of others? If not, why not?

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• Window 2003 Server - Logon Failure error message in Event Viewer

  - by user45192

  Hi guys, I received alot of event logged in the event viewer with this message. I notice is always the same user id which encounters this error. The user id is use by an application to access the database. However, this account does not exits on this server. How do I trace the services/program use by this user id which causes these error messages? Reason=Unknown user name or bad password&&User Name=&&Domain=&&Logon Type=3&&Logon Process=NtLmSsp&&Authentication Package=NTLM&&Workstation Name=&&Caller User Name=-&&Caller Domain=-&&Caller Logon ID=-&&Caller Process ID=-&&Transited Services=-&&Source Network Address=-&&Source Port=-&&User=SYSTEM&&ComputerName=

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• central log-server with auditdisp

  - by johan

  I want to setup a central log-server. The log-server is running with debian 6.0.6 and the audit daemon is installed in version 1.7.13-1. The Clients are running with Red Hat 5.5 and they connect to the log-server via audispd. The connection works fine and i get all messages from each node. My questions is: is it possible that the auditd daemon from the log server write the messages from each node in a separate file? I try to transfer the messages via the syslog daemon, that works but i can not use tools like ausearch to analyze these log-files.

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• Change OpenSSH account password in Linux

  - by TK Kocheran

  I suppose that my main Linux user account password serves as my SSH password as well. Is there a way I can modify this? As it turns out, I'd like to have a REALLY secure SSH password for obvious reasons, but a less secure local password, as it makes typing in passwords a heck of a lot easier on a machine. Is there a way I can change my account password in SSH without changing my Linux user password?

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• The Story of secure user-authentication in squid

  - by Isaac

  once upon a time, there was a beautiful warm virtual-jungle in south america, and a squid server lived there. here is an perceptual image of the network: <the Internet> | | A | B Users <---------> [squid-Server] <---> [LDAP-Server] When the Users request access to the Internet, squid ask their name and passport, authenticate them by LDAP and if ldap approved them, then he granted them. Everyone was happy until some sniffers stole passport in path between users and squid [path A]. This disaster happened because squid used Basic-Authentication method. The people of jungle gathered to solve the problem. Some bunnies offered using NTLM of method. Snakes prefered Digest-Authentication while Kerberos recommended by trees. After all, many solution offered by people of jungle and all was confused! The Lion decided to end the situation. He shouted the rules for solutions: Shall the solution be secure! Shall the solution work for most of browsers and softwares (e.g. download softwares) Shall the solution be simple and do not need other huge subsystem (like Samba server) Shall not the method depend on special domain. (e.g. Active Directory) Then, a very resonable-comprehensive-clever solution offered by a monkey, making him the new king of the jungle! can you guess what was the solution? Tip: The path between squid and LDAP is protected by the lion, so the solution have not to secure it. Note: sorry if the story is boring and messy, but most of it is real! =) /~\/~\/~\ /\~/~\/~\/~\/~\ ((/~\/~\/~\/~\/~\)) (/~\/~\/~\/~\/~\/~\/~\) (//// ~ ~ \\\\) (\\\\( (0) (0) )////) (\\\\( __\-/__ )////) (\\\( /-\ )///) (\\\( (""""") )///) (\\\( \^^^/ )///) (\\\( )///) (\/~\/~\/~\/) ** (\/~\/~\/) *####* | | **** /| | | |\ \\ _/ | | | | \_ _________// Thanks! (,,)(,,)_(,,)(,,)--------'

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• How can I start any application with Guest permissions by default?

  - by Tom Wijsman

  Here are my two questions: How can I start any application with Guest permissions by default? How can I set certain applications not to launch with Guest permissions? For the first bullet, any non-Microsoft signed application I launch should run as the Guest account. For the second bullet, I'm imagining adding menu entries like this would be a nice approach: Set to run as Guest (= default selected entry) Set to run as User Set to run as Admin But how do I do this?

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• Sharepoint 2010 can't see AD users?

  - by Chris Lively

  We installed Sharepoint 2010 foundation and created a site. All of that appears to be working. However, when I go to add users to the site, it doesn't find anyone that is in our AD.

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• Get the "source network address" in Event ID 529 audit entries on Windows XP

  - by Make it useful Keep it simple

  In windows server 2003 when an Event 529 (logon failure) occures with a logon type of 10 (remote logon), the source network IP address is recorded in the event log. On a windows XP machine, this (and some other details) are omitted. If a bot is trying a brute force over RDP (some of my XP machines are (and need to be) exposed with a public IP address), i cannot see the originating IP address so i don't know what to block (with a script i run every few minutes). The DC does not log this detail either when the logon attempt is to the client xp machine and the DC is only asked to authenticate the credentials. Any help getting this detail in the log would be appreciated.

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• Protect Windows VPN from Unauthorized Users

  - by kobaltz

  I have a VPN connection that I use while away from home to remote into my home network. I would use a zero config solution like Hamachi, but need access from my mobile device. Therefore, I have my Windows Home Server acting as the VPN server and will accept incoming connections. Both the username and password are strong. However, I'm worried about brute force attacks against my network. Is there something else that I should do to protect my network from having unauthorized access attempts to my network? I'm familiar with Linux's FAIL2BAN, but wasn't sure if something similar existing for Windows.

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• certutil -ping fails with 30 seconds timeout - what to do?

  - by mark

  Dear ladies and sirs. The certificate store on my Win7 box is constantly hanging. Observe: C:\1.cmd C:\certutil -? | findstr /i ping -ping -- Ping Active Directory Certificate Services Request interface -pingadmin -- Ping Active Directory Certificate Services Admin interface C:\set PROMPT=$P($t)$G C:\(13:04:28.57)certutil -ping CertUtil: -ping command FAILED: 0x80070002 (WIN32: 2) CertUtil: The system cannot find the file specified. C:\(13:04:58.68)certutil -pingadmin CertUtil: -pingadmin command FAILED: 0x80070002 (WIN32: 2) CertUtil: The system cannot find the file specified. C:\(13:05:28.79)set PROMPT=$P$G C:\ Explanations: The first command shows you that there are –ping and –pingadmin parameters to certutil Trying any ping parameter fails with 30 seconds timeout (the current time is seen in the prompt) This is a serious problem. It screws all the secure communication in my app. If anyone knows how this can be fixed - please share. Thanks. P.S. 1.cmd is simply a batch of these commands: certutil -? | findstr /i ping set PROMPT=$P($t)$G certutil -ping certutil -pingadmin set PROMPT=$P$G

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• How to secure an Internet-facing Elastic Search implementation in a shared hosting environment?

  - by casperOne

  (Originally asked on StackOverflow, and recommended that I move it here) I've been going over the documentation for Elastic Search and I'm a big fan and I'd like to use it to handle the search for my ASP.NET MVC app. That introduces a few interesting twists, however. If the ASP.NET MVC application was on a dedicated machine, it would be simple to spool up an instance of Elastic Search and use the TCP Transport to connect locally. However, I'm not on a dedicated machine for the ASP.NET MVC application, nor does it look like I'll move to one anytime soon. That leaves hosting Elastic Search on another machine (in the *NIX world) and I would probably go with shared hosting there. One of the biggest things lacking from Elastic Search, however, is the fact that it doesn't support HTTPS and basic authentication out of the box. If it did, then this question wouldn't exist; I'd simply host it somewhere and make sure to have an incredibly secure password and HTTPS enabled (possibly with a self-signed certificate). But that's not the case. That given, what is a good way to expose Elastic Search over the Internet in a secure way? Note, I'm looking for something that hopefully, will not require writing code to provide shims for the methods that I want (in other words, writing forwarders).

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• How to secure Apache for shared hosting environment? (chrooting, avoid symlinking...)

  - by Alessio Periloso

  I'm having problems dealing with Apache configuration: the problem is that I want to limit each user to his own docroot (so, a chroot() would be what I'm looking for), but: Mod_chroot works only globally and not for each virtualhost: i have the users in a path like the following one /home/vhosts/xxxxx/domains/domain.tld/public_html (xxxxx is the user), and can't solve the problem chrooting /home/vhosts, because the users would still be allowed to see each other. Using apache-mod-itk would slow down the websites too much, and I'm not sure if it would solve anything Without using any of the previous two, I think the only thing left is avoiding symlinking, not allowing the users to link to something that doesn't belong to them. So, I think I'm going to follow the third point but... how to efficiently avoid symlinking while still keeping mod_rewrite working?! The php has already been chrooted with php-fpm, so my only concern is about Apache itself.

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• Can't connect back to the wireless network after the password was changed

  - by 7777

  Family changed the network password and some other network settings after new computers were brought into the house because apparently they wouldn't work with what we had. Actually an off-site tech remotely changed it, and I have no idea what he did. My laptop detects the network (it shows up under available networks) but whenever I try to connect it says: Windows is unable to connect to the selected network. The network may no longer be in range. Please refresh the list of available networks, and try to connect again. I wish I could give more details, config settings, but frankly I have no idea what I'm looking for. This is XP (also, not a password issue, I know the password, it's just that I have no idea where to enter it, etc.)

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• How would you change a home wireless router with a self-signed admin site certificate to be more secure?

  - by jldugger

  littleblackbox is publishing "private keys" that are accessible on publicly available firmwares. Debian calls these "snake-oil" certs. Most of these routers are securing their HTTPS certs with these, and as I think about it, I've never seen one of these internal admin websites with certs that wasn't self signed. Given a webserver on IP 192.168.1.1, how do you secure it to the point that Firefox doesn't offer warnings (and is still secured)?

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• Fix Fatal Error Condition showing system path

  - by JMC

  I've noticed there are a large number of servers running Magento Commerce that will return a fatal error showing the system path: Fatal error: Uncaught exception 'Exception' with message 'File '/usr/local/www/magento/data1702/media/css' does not exists.' in /usr/local/www/magento/data1702/lib/Varien/File/Transfer/Adapter/Http.php:96 Stack trace: #0 /usr/local/www/magento/data1702/get.php(205): Varien_File_Transfer_Adapter_Http->send('/usr/local/www/...') #1 /usr/local/www/magento/data1702/get.php(165): sendFile('/usr/local/www/...') #2 {main} thrown in /usr/local/www/magento/data1702/lib/Varien/File/Transfer/Adapter/Http.php on line 96 Magento as an application is generally good about supressing error messages. How can a linux server running apache be configured to avoid returning this error message since the app has problems suppressing it.

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• How are cached Windows credentials stored on the local machine?

  - by MDMarra

  How are cached Active Directory domain credentials stored on a Windows client? Are they stored in the local SAM database, thus making them susceptible to the same rainbow table attacks that local user accounts are susceptible to, or are they stored differently? Note, that I do realize that they are salted and hashed, so as not to be stored in plain-text, but are they hashed in the same way as local accounts and are they stored in the same location? I realize that at a minimum they're be susceptible to a brute force attack, but that's a much better situation than being vulnerable to rainbow tables in the event of a stolen machine.

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• Active Directory Permission Diag Tool

  - by Skit

  I'm trying to identify potential permission issues on areas of our AD tree. What I have in mind is something like SysInternals FileMon to monitor object access in Active Directory in real time. For example: Adding a computer to the domain. Is there anything like that in the wild? Is there a better way?

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• Unix Server Protection from Physical Access?

  - by Isabella Wilcox

  I'm working to license our software to some buyer. Our software will be ran from an unix server that is physically controlled by the buyer. Is there any way to prevent the buyer who have physical access to your server to access contents on the drive? We want to protect our intellectual property because if the buyer steals our software, we won't have enough legal resources to pursue a claim internationally.

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