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  • I have data about deadlocks, but I can't understand why they occur

    - by Alex
    I am receiving a lot of deadlocks in my big web application. http://stackoverflow.com/questions/2941233/how-to-automatically-re-run-deadlocked-transaction-asp-net-mvc-sql-server Here I wanted to re-run deadlocked transactions, but I was told to get rid of the deadlocks - it's much better, than trying to catch the deadlocks. So I spent the whole day with SQL Profiler, setting the tracing keys etc. And this is what I got. There's a Users table. I have a very high usable page with the following query (it's not the only query, but it's the one that causes troubles) UPDATE Users SET views = views + 1 WHERE ID IN (SELECT AuthorID FROM Articles WHERE ArticleID = @ArticleID) And then there's the following query in ALL pages: User = DB.Users.SingleOrDefault(u => u.Password == password && u.Name == username); That's where I get User from cookies. Very often a deadlock occurs and this second Linq-to-SQL query is chosen as a victim, so it's not run, and users of my site see an error screen. I read a lot about deadlocks... And I don't understand why this is causing a deadlock. So obviously both of this queries run very often. At least once a second. Maybe even more often (300-400 users online). So they can be run at the same time very easily, but why does it cause a deadlock? Please help. Thank you

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  • C/C++ I18N mbstowcs question

    - by bogertron
    I am working on internationalizing the input for a C/C++ application. I have currently hit an issue with converting from a multi-byte string to wide character string. The code needs to be cross platform compatible, so I am using mbstowcs and wcstombs as much as possible. I am currently working on a WIN32 machine and I have set the locale to a non-english locale (Japanese). When I attempt to convert a multibyte character string, I seem to be having some conversion issues. Here is an example of the code: int main(int argc, char** argv) { wchar_t *wcsVal = NULL; char *mbsVal = NULL; /* Get the current code page, in my case 932, runs only on windows */ TCHAR szCodePage[10]; int cch= GetLocaleInfo( GetSystemDefaultLCID(), LOCALE_IDEFAULTANSICODEPAGE, szCodePage, sizeof(szCodePage)); /* verify locale is set */ if (setlocale(LC_CTYPE, "") == 0) { fprintf(stderr, "Failed to set locale\n"); return 1; } mbsVal = argv[1]; /* validate multibyte string and convert to wide character */ int size = mbstowcs(NULL, mbsVal, 0); if (size == -1) { printf("Invalid multibyte\n"); return 1; } wcsVal = (wchar_t*) malloc(sizeof(wchar_t) * (size + 1)); if (wcsVal == NULL) { printf("memory issue \n"); return 1; } mbstowcs(wcsVal, szVal, size + 1); wprintf(L"%ls \n", wcsVal); return 0; } At the end of execution, the wide character string does not contain the converted data. I believe that there is an issue with the code page settings, because when i use MultiByteToWideChar and have the current code page sent in EX: MultiByteToWideChar( CP_ACP, 0, mbsVal, -1, wcsVal, size + 1 ); in place of the mbstowcs calls, the conversion succeeds. My question is, how do I use the generic mbstowcs call instead of teh MuliByteToWideChar call?

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  • Why do we need Audit Columns in Database Tables?

    - by Software Enthusiastic
    Hi I have seen many database designs having following audit columns on all the tables... Created By Create DateTime Updated By Upldated DateTime From one perspective I see tables from the following view... Entity Tables: Good candidate for Audit columns) Reference Tables: Audit columns may or may not required. In some case last update information is not at all required because record is never going to be modified.) Reference Data Tables Like Country Names, Entity State etc... Audit columns may not required because these information is created only during system installation time, and never going to be changed. I have seen many designers blindly put all audit columns to all tables, is this practice good, if yes what could be the reason... I just want to know because to me it seems illogical. It is difficult for me to figure out why do they design their db this way? I am not saying they are wrong or right, just want to know the WHY? You can also suggest me, if there is an alternative auditing patter or solution available... Thanks and Regards

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  • When is Googling it wrong?

    - by Drahcir
    I've been going through Stack Overflow for quite a bit now and noticed certain people (usually experienced programmers) frown upon Googling (researching) certain problems. Since I myself tend to use Google quite a bit to solve certain programming related issues I found certain comments rather demoralising. Now some of you may have come here trigger happy to delete this post but I needed some clarification. I usually Google things that usually syntax related that I would have never figured out on my own. For example I once wondered how to access the properties of a class that I didn't have a direct relationship to. So after a bit of research I discovered reflection and got what I wanted. Now in another scenario is learning a new language, in my case Silverlight were it differs in certain aspects of .NET compared to say ASP.NET. A few weeks ago I had no idea how to load another Silverlight page (usercontrol) and had to Google my way to the solution which I found wasn't as simple as I had imagined. In scenario three is were I myself frown up, that is just stealing a huge chunk of code to avoid doing the work yourself, for example paging a HTML table using JavaScript, where one just copies and pastes the JavasSript code without as much as trying to understand how it works. I do admit I have done this once or twice before for trivial tasks that had very little time limit and weren't all that important but most of the time still have to throw away what I found because it took too much time to adapt it and get what I wanted out of it. In the last scenario, I sometimes have a piece of code that I would be really unhappy about, as in I find it sloppy or too overcomplicated and try to look on the Internet to see other ways to tackle the same problem, let's say filtering through a table. With the knowledge I acquire I learned new coding practices that help me work more efficiently like "Do not repeat yourself" and such. Now in your opinion when do you find it wrong to use Google (or any other researching tool) to find a solution to your problem?

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  • What are the best tricks for learning how to -think- in Objective-C?

    - by Braintapper
    Before I get flamed out for not checking previous questions, I have read most of the tutorials, and have Hillegass' book, as well as O'Reilly's book on it. I'm not asking for tips on Cocoa or what IDE to use. Where my issue lies - my 'mental muscle memory' is making it hard for me to read Objective-C code. I have no problems at all reading Java and C code and understanding what's going on. Maybe I'm getting to old to learn a new syntax, but it's a struggle shifting mental gears and looking at Objective-C code and just "getting it" (I thought it might be an isolated case, but I have other friends who are seasoned devs who have said the same thing). Are there any tricks that any non-Objective-C programmers who now know Objective-C used to help process the syntactical differences when learning it? For some reason, I get dyslexic when reading Objective-C code. Maybe I'm not meant to be able to learn it (and that's ok too). I was hoping/wondering if there might be others who have had the same experience.

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  • App Crashing Inspite of Being ARC Enabled

    - by proctr
    I have been working on an iOS App for sometime now and its almost ready to submit. However, when I gave it to few people for testing purposes (running iOS 5)..they reported cases where the app crashes and the home screen is displayed on the phone OR a frozen app screen appears with no response whatsoever The app is ARC enabled and Xcode shows no warnings. So, I'm relli tensed about what's going wrong. I have declared properties in the following fashion: @property (nonatomic) IBOutlet UILabel *devCountLabel; @property (nonatomic) IBOutlet UIView *splashView; Likewise other properties are declared. Could anyone provide a solution ASAP. It is mainly a network based app and thus, CoreData usage is minimum.. Anyway, I'm running out of time..So Please provide a fix asap..oh and thanks a ton for it. PS: The App doesn't crash in the simulator, so I'm guessing it has something related to memory. And the crashes are random. So, repeating a set of steps to reproduce the crash doesn't help either. For Eg. When I click a button, modalViewControllerAnimation results in normal case. Now this occurs as expected most of the time and freezes the app other times.

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  • .htaccess - alias all www-only requests to subdirectory

    - by CodeMoose
    Trying to install the wonderful Concrete5 CMS to use as my main site engine - the problem is it has about 15 different files and directories, and they clutter up my root. I'd really like to move it to a /_concrete/ subdirectory, and still maintain it in the domain root. htaccess has never been my strong suit - after a lot of research and learning, and a lot of error 500s, my frustration is overriding my pride and I'm posting here. Here's exactly what I'm trying to accomplish: Any requests that come through www.domain.com are forwarded to www.domain.com/_concrete/, except in the case of an existing file. The end-user URL shouldn't change - they will still see the site as www.domain.com, even though they're being served www.domain.com/_concrete/. Multiple subdomains exist on this site as sub-folders within the root - thus, only requests coming through www.domain.com should be redirected. Here's the closest I got with my htaccess, which produces an error 500: RewriteEngine On RewriteCond %{HTTP_HOST} ^(www\.)?domain\.com [NC] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !^_concrete RewriteRule ^(.*)$ _concrete/$1 [L,QSA] This is the result of 4 hours of sweat and blood (mostly blood), so I have to be close. I'm hoping one of your fine minds can point out a stupid mistake and put this thing to rest swiftly. Thanks for your time! Addendum: I previously posted .htaccess - alias domain root to subfolder a while ago, which got me started. Please don't fall into the trap of thinking it's a duplicate.

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  • java oracle syntax error?

    - by murali
    hi, i am using the following code for the uploading keywords & count to the excel file. i am having the keyword_id as primary key for that one i had written sentence...i am having the twocolumns in the excel file..1.keyword 2.count my code is: while (rs.next()) { System.out.println("inside "); String keyword = rs.getString(1); int count = rs.getInt(2); System.out.println("insert into SEARCHABLE_KEYWORDS values ('"+ keyword+"','"+count+"')"); stmtdb.execute("insert into SEARCHABLE_KEYWORDS (keyword_id,keyword,count) values ('"+ "select Searchable_Keywords_sequence.nextval from dual"+ "','"+keyword+"','"+count+"')"); System.out.println(keyword + " " + keyword+" count "+count); } but I am getting the following error: java.sql.SQLException: [Microsoft][ODBC Excel Driver] Too few parameters. Expected 1. at sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbc.createSQLException(JdbcOdbc.java:6998) at sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbc.standardError(JdbcOdbc.java:7155) at sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbc.SQLExecDirect(JdbcOdbc.java:3151) at sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcStatement.execute(JdbcOdbcStatement.java:378) at sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcStatement.executeQuery(JdbcOdbcStatement.java:284) at keywordsreader.main(keywordsreader.java:42) please help to slove this problem...

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  • jquery form validation, and submit-on-change

    - by Bee
    I want to make all my settings forms across my site confirm that changes are saved, kinda like facebook does if you make changes in a form and then try to navigate away without saving. So I'm disabling the submit button on the forms only enabling if the values change. I then prompt the user to hit save before they leave the page in the case that they do have changes pending. var form = $('form.edit'); if(form.length > 0) { var orig_str = form.serialize(); $(':submit',form).attr('disabled','disabled'); form.on('change keyup', function(){ if(form.serialize() == orig_str) { setConfirmUnload(false); $(':submit',form).attr('disabled','disabled'); } else { setConfirmUnload(true); $(':submit',form).removeAttr('disabled') } }); $('input[type=submit]').click(function(){ setConfirmUnload(false); }); } function setConfirmUnload(on) { window.onbeforeunload = (on) ? unloadMessage : null; } function unloadMessage() { return 'If you navigate away from this page without saving your changes, they will be lost.'; } One of these forms needs some additional validation which I do using jQuery.validate library. e.g. if i wanted to ensure the user can't double submit the form on accident by double clicking on submit or somesuch (the actual validation in question is for a credit-card form and not this simple): $('form').validate({ submitHandler: function(form) { $(':submit', form).attr('disabled','disabled'); form.submit(); } }); Unfortunately both bits are trying to bind to submit button and they're interfering with each other such that the submit button remains disabled no matter what I do and it is impossible to submit the form at all. Is there some way to chain the validations together or something? Or some other way to avoid re-writing the validation code to repeat the "did you change anything in the form" business?

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  • Java Class<T> static method forName() IncompatibleClassChangeError

    - by matt
    Hi, i have this code: private static Importable getRightInstance(String s) throws Exception { Class<? extends Importable> c = Class.forName(s).asSubclass(Importable.class); Importable i = c.newInstance(); return i; } which i can also write private static Importable getRightInstance(String s) throws Exception { Class<? extends Importable> c = (Class<? extends Importable>)Class.forName(s); Importable i = c.newInstance(); return i; } or private static Importable getRightInstance(String s) throws Exception { Class<?> c = Class.forName(s); Importable i = (Importable)c.newInstance(); return i; } where Importable is an interface and s is a string representing an implementing class. Well, in any case it gives the following: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.IncompatibleClassChangeError: class C1 has interface Importable as super class Here is the last snippet of the stack trace: at java.lang.Class.forName(Class.java:169) at Importer.getRightImportable(Importer.java:33) at Importer.importAll(Importer.java:44) at Test.main(Test.java:16) Now, class C1 actually implemens Importable and i totally don't understand why it complaints. Thanks in advance.

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  • How to "End Task" not "Kill" or "Terminate"?

    - by Luiscencio
    Hi community. I have a 3G card to provide internet to a remote computer... I have to run a program(provided with the card) to establish the connection... since connections suddenly is lost I wrote a script that Kills the program and reopens it so that the connection is reestablished, there are certain versions of this program that don't kill the connection when killed/terminated, just when closed properly. so I am looking for a script or program that "Properly Closes" a window so I can close it and reopen it in case the connection is lost. this is the code that kills the program Option Explicit Dim objWMIService, objProcess, colProcess Dim strComputer, strProcessKill strComputer = "." strProcessKill = "'Telcel3G.exe'" Set objWMIService = GetObject("winmgmts:" _ & "{impersonationLevel=impersonate}!\\" _ & strComputer & "\root\cimv2") Set colProcess = objWMIService.ExecQuery _ ("Select * from Win32_Process Where Name = " & strProcessKill ) For Each objProcess in colProcess objProcess.Terminate() Next WSCript.Echo "Just killed process " & strProcessKill _ & " on " & strComputer WScript.Quit

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  • Basic user authentication with records in AngularFire

    - by ajkochanowicz
    Having spent literally days trying the different, various recommended ways to do this, I've landed on what I think is the most simple and promising. Also thanks to the kind gents from this SO question: Get the index ID of an item in Firebase AngularFire Curent setup Users can log in with email and social networks, so when they create a record, it saves the userId as a sort of foreign key. Good so far. But I want to create a rule so twitter2934392 cannot read facebook63203497's records. Off to the security panel Match the IDs on the backend Unfortunately, the docs are inconsistent with the method from is firebase user id unique per provider (facebook, twitter, password) which suggest appending the social network to the ID. The docs expect you to create a different rule for each of the login method's ids. Why anyone using 1 login method would want to do that is beyond me. (From: https://www.firebase.com/docs/security/rule-expressions/auth.html) So I'll try to match the concatenated auth.provider with auth.id to the record in userId for the respective registry item. According to the API, this should be as easy as In my case using $registry instead of $user of course. { "rules": { ".read": true, ".write": true, "registry": { "$registry": { ".read": "$registry == auth.id" } } } } But that won't work, because (see the first image above), AngularFire sets each record under an index value. In the image above, it's 0. Here's where things get complicated. Also, I can't test anything in the simulator, as I cannot edit {some: 'json'} To even authenticate. The input box rejects any input. My best guess is the following. { "rules": { ".write": true, "registry": { "$registry": { ".read": "data.child('userId').val() == (auth.provider + auth.id)" } } } } Which both throws authentication errors and simultaneously grants full read access to all users. I'm losing my mind. What am I supposed to do here?

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  • If a table has two xml columns, will inserting records be a lot slower?

    - by Lieven Cardoen
    Is it a bad thing to have two xml columns in one table? + How much slower are these xml columns in terms of updating/inserting/reading data? In profiler this kind of insert normally takes 0 ms, but sometimes it goes up to 160ms: declare @p8 xml set @p8=convert(xml,N'<interactions><interaction correct="false" score="0" id="0" gapid="0" x="61" y="225"><feedback/><element id="0" position="0" elementtype="1"><asset/></element></interaction><interaction correct="false" score="0" id="1" gapid="1" x="64" y="250"><feedback/><element id="0" position="0" elementtype="1"><asset/></element></interaction><interaction correct="false" score="0" id="2" gapid="2" x="131" y="250"><feedback/><element id="0" position="0" elementtype="1"><asset/></element></interaction></interactions>') declare @p14 xml set @p14=convert(xml,N'<contentinteractions/>') exec sp_executesql N'INSERT INTO [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes]([dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[PackageSessionId], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[TreeNodeId],[dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[Duration], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[Score],[dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[ScoreMax], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[Interactions],[dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[BrainTeaser], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[DateCreated], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[CompletionStatus], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[ReducedScore], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[ReducedScoreMax], [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes].[ContentInteractions]) VALUES (@ins_dboPackageSessionNodesPackageSessionId, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesTreeNodeId, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesDuration, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesScore, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesScoreMax, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesInteractions, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesBrainTeaser, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesDateCreated, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesCompletionStatus, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesReducedScore, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesReducedScoreMax, @ins_dboPackageSessionNodesContentInteractions) ; SELECT SCOPE_IDENTITY() as new_id This is the table: CREATE TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes]( [PackageSessionNodeId] [int] IDENTITY(1,1) NOT NULL, [PackageSessionId] [int] NOT NULL, [TreeNodeId] [int] NOT NULL, [Duration] [int] NULL, [Score] [float] NOT NULL, [ScoreMax] [float] NOT NULL, [Interactions] [xml] NOT NULL, [BrainTeaser] [bit] NOT NULL, [DateCreated] [datetime] NULL, [CompletionStatus] [int] NOT NULL, [ReducedScore] [float] NOT NULL, [ReducedScoreMax] [float] NOT NULL, [ContentInteractions] [xml] NOT NULL, CONSTRAINT [PK_PackageSessionNodes] PRIMARY KEY CLUSTERED ( [PackageSessionNodeId] ASC )WITH (PAD_INDEX = OFF, STATISTICS_NORECOMPUTE = OFF, IGNORE_DUP_KEY = OFF, ALLOW_ROW_LOCKS = ON, ALLOW_PAGE_LOCKS = ON) ON [PRIMARY] ) ON [PRIMARY] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_PackageSessionNodes_PackageSessions] FOREIGN KEY([PackageSessionId]) REFERENCES [dbo].[PackageSessions] ([PackageSessionId]) ON UPDATE CASCADE ON DELETE CASCADE GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_PackageSessionNodes_PackageSessions] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_PackageSessionNodes_TreeNodes] FOREIGN KEY([TreeNodeId]) REFERENCES [dbo].[TreeNodes] ([TreeNodeId]) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_PackageSessionNodes_TreeNodes] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_PackageSessionNodes_Score] DEFAULT ((-1)) FOR [Score] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_PackageSessionNodes_ScoreMax] DEFAULT ((-1)) FOR [ScoreMax] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_PackageSessionNodes_DateCreated] DEFAULT (getdate()) FOR [DateCreated] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_PackageSessionNodes_ReducedScore] DEFAULT ((-1)) FOR [ReducedScore] GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[PackageSessionNodes] ADD CONSTRAINT [DF_PackageSessionNodes_ReducedScoreMax] DEFAULT ((-1)) FOR [ReducedScoreMax] GO

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  • c# Convert LINQ var result to actual type

    - by DrBob
    In c#, Given the following code: public class Person { public int PersonID { get; set; } public int Age { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } } and List<Person> people = new List<Person>(); for (int i = 0; i != 15; i++) { Person p = new Person(); p.PersonID = i; p.Age = i * 12; p.Name = "Name " + i; people.Add(p); } var sortedPeople = from qPeople in people where qPeople.Age > 0 && qPeople.Age < 25 || qPeople.Age > 100 orderby qPeople.Age descending select qPeople; Can I load the results of sortedPeople back into a List<Person without a loop? Thanks.

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  • Generate unique ID from multiple values with fault tolerance

    - by ojreadmore
    Given some values, I'd like to make a (pretty darn) unique result. $unique1 = generate(array('ab034', '981kja7261', '381jkfa0', 'vzcvqdx2993883i3ifja8', '0plnmjfys')); //now $unique1 == "sqef3452y"; I also need something that's pretty close to return the same result. In this case, 20% of the values is missing. $unique2 = generate(array('ab034', '981kja7261', '381jkfa0', 'vzcvqdx2993883i3ifja8')); //also $unique2 == "sqef3452y"; I'm not sure where to begin with such an algorithm but I have some assumptions. I assume that the more values given, the more accurate the resulting ID – in other words, using 20 values is better than 5. I also assume that a confidence factor can be calculated and adjusted. What would be nice to have is a weight factor where one can say 'value 1 is more important than value 3'. This would require a multidimensional array for input instead of one dimension. I just mashed on the keyboard for these values, but in practice they may be short or long alpha numeric values.

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  • Delphi: EInvalidOp in neural network class (TD-lambda)

    - by user89818
    I have the following draft for a neural network class. This neural network should learn with TD-lambda. It is started by calling the getRating() function. But unfortunately, there is an EInvalidOp (invalid floading point operation) error after about 1000 iterations in the following lines: neuronsHidden[j] := neuronsHidden[j]+neuronsInput[t][i]*weightsInput[i][j]; // input -> hidden weightsHidden[j][k] := weightsHidden[j][k]+LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]; // adjust hidden->output weights according to TD-lambda Why is this error? I can't find the mistake in my code :( Can you help me? Thank you very much in advance! unit uNeuronalesNetz; interface uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls, Grids, Menus, Math; const NEURONS_INPUT = 43; // number of neurons in the input layer NEURONS_HIDDEN = 60; // number of neurons in the hidden layer NEURONS_OUTPUT = 1; // number of neurons in the output layer NEURONS_TOTAL = NEURONS_INPUT+NEURONS_HIDDEN+NEURONS_OUTPUT; // total number of neurons in the network MAX_TIMESTEPS = 42; // maximum number of timesteps possible (after 42 moves: board is full) LEARNING_RATE_INPUT = 0.25; // in ideal case: decrease gradually in course of training LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN = 0.15; // in ideal case: decrease gradually in course of training GAMMA = 0.9; LAMBDA = 0.7; // decay parameter for eligibility traces type TFeatureVector = Array[1..43] of SmallInt; // definition of the array type TFeatureVector TArtificialNeuralNetwork = class // definition of the class TArtificialNeuralNetwork private // GENERAL SETTINGS START learningMode: Boolean; // does the network learn and change its weights? // GENERAL SETTINGS END // NETWORK CONFIGURATION START neuronsInput: Array[1..MAX_TIMESTEPS] of Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Extended; // array of all input neurons (their values) for every timestep neuronsHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Extended; // array of all hidden neurons (their values) neuronsOutput: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of output neurons (their values) weightsInput: Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Extended; // array of weights: input->hidden weightsHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of weights: hidden->output // NETWORK CONFIGURATION END // LEARNING SETTINGS START outputBefore: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the network's output value in the last timestep (the one before) eligibilityTraceHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of eligibility traces: hidden layer eligibilityTraceOutput: Array[1..NEURONS_TOTAL] of Array[1..NEURONS_TOTAL] of Extended; // array of eligibility traces: output layer reward: Array[1..MAX_TIMESTEPS] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the reward value for all output neurons in every timestep tdError: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the network's error value for every single output neuron t: Byte; // current timestep cyclesTrained: Integer; // number of cycles trained so far (learning rates could be decreased accordingly) last50errors: Array[1..50] of Extended; // LEARNING SETTINGS END public constructor Create; // create the network object and do the initialization procedure UpdateEligibilityTraces; // update the eligibility traces for the hidden and output layer procedure tdLearning; // learning algorithm: adjust the network's weights procedure ForwardPropagation; // propagate the input values through the network to the output layer function getRating(state: TFeatureVector; explorative: Boolean): Extended; // get the rating for a given state (feature vector) function HyperbolicTangent(x: Extended): Extended; // calculate the hyperbolic tangent [-1;1] procedure StartNewCycle; // start a new cycle with everything set to default except for the weights procedure setLearningMode(activated: Boolean=TRUE); // switch the learning mode on/off procedure setInputs(state: TFeatureVector); // transfer the given feature vector to the input layer (set input neurons' values) procedure setReward(currentReward: SmallInt); // set the reward for the current timestep (with learning then or without) procedure nextTimeStep; // increase timestep t function getCyclesTrained(): Integer; // get the number of cycles trained so far procedure Visualize(imgHidden: Pointer); // visualize the neural network's hidden layer end; implementation procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.UpdateEligibilityTraces; var i, j, k: Integer; begin // how worthy is a weight to be adjusted? for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k] := LAMBDA*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]+(neuronsOutput[k]*(1-neuronsOutput[k]))*neuronsHidden[j]; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k] := LAMBDA*eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k]+(neuronsOutput[k]*(1-neuronsOutput[k]))*weightsHidden[j][k]*neuronsHidden[j]*(1-neuronsHidden[j])*neuronsInput[t][i]; end; end; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setReward; VAR i: Integer; begin for i := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin // +1 = player A wins // 0 = draw // -1 = player B wins reward[t][i] := currentReward; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.tdLearning; var i, j, k: Integer; begin if learningMode then begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin if reward[t][k] = 0 then begin tdError[k] := GAMMA*neuronsOutput[k]-outputBefore[k]; // network's error value when reward is 0 end else begin tdError[k] := reward[t][k]-outputBefore[k]; // network's error value in the final state (reward received) end; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin weightsHidden[j][k] := weightsHidden[j][k]+LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]; // adjust hidden->output weights according to TD-lambda for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin weightsInput[i][j] := weightsInput[i][j]+LEARNING_RATE_INPUT*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k]; // adjust input->hidden weights according to TD-lambda end; end; end; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.ForwardPropagation; var i, j, k: Integer; begin for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsHidden[j] := 0; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin neuronsHidden[j] := neuronsHidden[j]+neuronsInput[t][i]*weightsInput[i][j]; // input -> hidden end; neuronsHidden[j] := HyperbolicTangent(neuronsHidden[j]); // activation of hidden neuron j end; for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin neuronsOutput[k] := 0; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsOutput[k] := neuronsOutput[k]+neuronsHidden[j]*weightsHidden[j][k]; // hidden -> output end; neuronsOutput[k] := HyperbolicTangent(neuronsOutput[k]); // activation of output neuron k end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setLearningMode; begin learningMode := activated; end; constructor TArtificialNeuralNetwork.Create; var i, j, k: Integer; begin inherited Create; Randomize; // initialize random numbers generator learningMode := TRUE; cyclesTrained := -2; // only set to -2 because it will be increased twice in the beginning StartNewCycle; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin weightsHidden[j][k] := abs(Random-0.5); // initialize weights: 0 <= random < 0.5 end; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin weightsInput[i][j] := abs(Random-0.5); // initialize weights: 0 <= random < 0.5 end; end; for i := 1 to 50 do begin last50errors[i] := 0; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.nextTimeStep; begin t := t+1; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.StartNewCycle; var i, j, k, m: Integer; begin t := 1; // start in timestep 1 cyclesTrained := cyclesTrained+1; // increase the number of cycles trained so far for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsHidden[j] := 0; for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k] := 0; outputBefore[k] := 0; neuronsOutput[k] := 0; for m := 1 to MAX_TIMESTEPS do begin reward[m][k] := 0; end; end; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k] := 0; end; end; end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.getCyclesTrained; begin result := cyclesTrained; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setInputs; var k: Integer; begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin neuronsInput[t][k] := state[k]; end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.getRating; begin setInputs(state); ForwardPropagation; result := neuronsOutput[1]; if not explorative then begin tdLearning; // adjust the weights according to TD-lambda ForwardPropagation; // calculate the network's output again outputBefore[1] := neuronsOutput[1]; // set outputBefore which will then be used in the next timestep UpdateEligibilityTraces; // update the eligibility traces for the next timestep nextTimeStep; // go to the next timestep end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.HyperbolicTangent; begin if x > 5500 then // prevent overflow result := 1 else result := (Exp(2*x)-1)/(Exp(2*x)+1); end; end.

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  • Updating a composite primary key

    - by VBCSharp
    I am struggling with the philosophical discussions about whether or not to use composite primary keys on my SQL Server database. I have always used the surrogate keys in the past and I am challenging myself by leaving my comfort zone to try something different. I have read many discussion but can't come to any kind of solution yet. The struggle I am having is when I have to update a record with the composite PK. For example, the record in questions is like this: ContactID, RoleID, EffectiveDate, TerminationDT. The PK in this case is the ContactID, RoleID, and EffectiveDate. TerminationDT can be null. If in my UI, the user changes the RoleID and then I need to update the record. Using the surrogate key I can do an Update Table Set RoleID = 1 WHERE surrogateID = Z. However, using the Composite Key way, once one of the fields in the composite key changes I have no way to reference the old record to update it without now maintaining somewhere in the UI a reference to the old values. I do not bind datasources in my UI. I open a connection, get the data and store it in a bucket, then close the connection. What are everyone's opinions? Thanks.

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  • Cached data accessed by reference?

    - by arthurdent510
    I am running into an odd problem, and this is the only thing I can think of. I'm storing a list in cache, and I am randomly losing items from my list as users use the site. I have a class that is called that either goes to cache and returns the list from there, or if the cache is over a certain time frame old, it goes to the database and refreshes the cache. So when I pull the data from cache, this is what it looks like.... results = (List<Software>)cache["software"]; And then I return results and do some processing, filter for security, and eventually it winds up on the screen. For each Software record, there can be multiple resources attached to it, and based on how the security goes they may see some, all, or none of the records. So in the security check it will remove some of those resources from the software record. So my question is.... when I return my results list, is it a reference directly to the cache object? So when I remove a resource from the software object, it is really removing from cache as well? If that is the case, is there any way to not return it as a reference? Thanks!

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  • Is this linear search implementation actually useful?

    - by Helper Method
    In Matters Computational I found this interesting linear search implementation (it's actually my Java implementation ;-)): public static int linearSearch(int[] a, int key) { int high = a.length - 1; int tmp = a[high]; // put a sentinel at the end of the array a[high] = key; int i = 0; while (a[i] != key) { i++; } // restore original value a[high] = tmp; if (i == high && key != tmp) { return NOT_CONTAINED; } return i; } It basically uses a sentinel, which is the searched for value, so that you always find the value and don't have to check for array boundaries. The last element is stored in a temp variable, and then the sentinel is placed at the last position. When the value is found (remember, it is always found due to the sentinel), the original element is restored and the index is checked if it represents the last index and is unequal to the searched for value. If that's the case, -1 (NOT_CONTAINED) is returned, otherwise the index. While I found this implementation really clever, I wonder if it is actually useful. For small arrays, it seems to be always slower, and for large arrays it only seems to be faster when the value is not found. Any ideas?

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  • Releasing Autopool crashes on iOS 4.0 (and only on 4.0)

    - by samsam
    Hi there. I'm wondering what could cause this. I have several methods in my code that i call using performSelectorInBackground. Within each of these methods i have an Autoreleasepool that is being alloced/initialized at the beginning and released at the end of the method. this perfectly works on iOS 3.1.3 / 3.2 / 4.2 / 4.2.1 but it fataly crashes on iOS 4.0 with a EXC_BAD_ACCESS Exception that happens after calling [myPool release]. After I noticed this strange behaviour I was thinking about rewriting portions of my code and to make my app "less parallel" in case that the client os is 4.0. After I did that, the next point where the app crashed was within the ReachabilityCallback-Method from Apples Reachability "Framework". well, now I'm not quite sure what to do. The things i do within my threaded methods is pretty simple xml parsing (no cocoa calls or stuff that would affect the UI). After each method finishes it posts a notification which the coordinating-thread listens to and once all the parallelized methods have finished, the coordinating thread calls viewcontrollers etc... I have absolutely no clue what could cause this weird behaviour. Especially because Apples Code fails as well. any help is greatly appreciated! thanks, sam

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  • Insert names into table if not already existing

    - by John
    I am trying to build an application that allows users to submit names to be added to a db table (runningList). Before the name is added tho, I would like to check firstname and lastname against another table (controlList). It must exist in (controlList) or reply name not valid. If the name is valid I would like to then check firstname and lastname against (runningList) it make sure it isnt already there. If it isnt there, then insert firstname & lastname. If it is there, reply name already used. Below is code that worked before I tried to add the test against the controlList, I somehow broke it altogether while trying to add the extra step. if (mysql_num_rows(mysql_query('SELECT * FROM runninglist WHERE firstname=\'' .$firstname . '\' AND lastname=\'' . $lastname . '\' LIMIT 1')) == 0) { $sql="INSERT INTO runninglist (firstname, lastname) VALUES ('$_POST[firstname]','$_POST[lastname]')"; } else { echo "This name has been used."; } Any direction would be appreciated. Thanx John

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  • After calling a COM-dll component, C# exceptions are not caught by the debugger

    - by shlomil
    I'm using a COM dll provided to me by 3rd-party software company (I don't have the source code). I do know for sure they used Java to implement it because their objects contain property names like 'JvmVersion'. After I instantiated an object introduced by the provided COM dll, all exceptions in my C# program cannot be caught by the VS debugger and every time an exception occurs I get the default Windows Debugger Selection dialog (And that's while executing my program in debug mode under a full VisualStudio debugging environment). To illustrate: throw new Exception("exception 1"); m_moo = new moo(); // Component taken from the COM-dll throw new Exception("exception 2"); Exception 1 will be caught by VS and show the "yellow exception window". Exception 2 will open a dialog titled "Visual Studio Just-In-Time Debugger" containing the text "An unhandled win32 exception occurred in myfile.vshost.exe[1348]." followed by a list of the existing VS instances on my system to select from. I guess the instantiation of "moo" object overrides C#'s exception handler or something like that. Am I correct and is there a way to preserve C#'s exception handler?

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  • Online job-searching is tedious. Help me automate it.

    - by ehsanul
    Many job sites have broken searches that don't let you narrow down jobs by experience level. Even when they do, it's usually wrong. This requires you to wade through hundreds of postings that you can't apply for before finding a relevant one, quite tedious. Since I'd rather focus on writing cover letters etc., I want to write a program to look through a large number of postings, and save the URLs of just those jobs that don't require years of experience. I don't require help writing the scraper to get the html bodies of possibly relevant job posts. The issue is accurately detecting the level of experience required for the job. This should not be too difficult as job posts are usually very explicit about this ("must have 5 years experience in..."), but there may be some issues with overly simple solutions. In my case, I'm looking for entry-level positions. Often they don't say "entry-level", but inclusion of the words probably means the job should be saved. Next, I can safely exclude a job the says it requires "5 years" of experience in whatever, so a regex like /\d\syears/ seems reasonable to exclude jobs. But then, I realized some jobs say they'll take 0-2 years of experience, matches the exclusion regex but is clearly a job I want to take a look at. Hmmm, I can handle that with another regex. But some say "less than 2 years" or "fewer than 2 years". Can handle that too, but it makes me wonder what other patterns I'm not thinking of, and possibly excluding many jobs. That's what brings me here, to find a better way to do this than regexes, if there is one. I'd like to minimize the false negative rate and save all the jobs that seem like they might not require many years of experience. Does excluding anything that matches /[3-9]\syears|1\d\syears/ seem reasonable? Or is there a better way? Training a bayesian filter maybe?

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  • How to send KeyEvents through an input method service to a Dialog, or a Spinner menu?

    - by shutdown11
    I'm trying to implement an input method service that receives intents sent by a remote client, and in response to those sends an appropriate KeyEvent. I'm using in the input method service this method private void keyDownUp(int keyEventCode) { getCurrentInputConnection().sendKeyEvent( new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_DOWN, keyEventCode)); getCurrentInputConnection().sendKeyEvent( new KeyEvent(KeyEvent.ACTION_UP, keyEventCode)); } to send KeyEvents as in the Simple Sofykeyboard Sample, and it works in the home, in Activities... but it doesn't works when a Dialog or the menu of a Spinner is in foreground. The events is sent to the parent activity behind the Dialog. Is there any way to send keys and control the device like using the hardware keys from an input method? Better explanation on what I'm trying to do: I am kind of writng an Input Method that allows to control the device from remote. I write in a client (a java application on my desktop pc) a command (for example "UP"), a server on the device with sendBroadcast() sends the intent with the information, and a receiver in the input method gets it and call keyDownUp with the keycode of the DPAD_UP key. It generally works, but when I go to an app that shows a dialog, the keyDownUp method don't sends the key event to the dialog, for example for select the yes or not buttons, but it keeps to control the activty behind the Dialog.

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  • Javascript autocomplete function href

    - by user896692
    I´ve the following javascript-function: <script type="text/javascript"> $(function() { var data = (<?php include("php/search_new.php"); ?>).Data.Recipes; var source = []; for (var i in data) { source.push({"href": "/php/get_recipe_byID.php?id=" + data[i].ID, "label": data[i].TITLE}); } $("#searchrecipes").autocomplete({ minLength: 3, source: source, select: function(event, ui) { window.location.href = ui.item.href; } }); }); </script> <input id="searchrecipes" type="text" name="searchrecipes" style="margin-left: 850px; margin-top: 0px; width:170px; background: #fff url(images/search_icon.png) no-repeat 100%;" onblur="this.style.background='#ffffff'; background: #fff url(images/search_icon.png) no-repeat 100%;" onfocus="this.style.background='#c40606'; background: url(images/search_icon.png) no-repeat 100%;" placeholder="Suchen..."></input> <input type="submit" name="buttonsenden" style="display:none;" value="" width: 5px></input> The function has already worked but suddenly it stopped working. The problem is, that the href on the dropdown-autocomplete isn´t clickable. var data = ({"Data":{"Recipes":{"Recipe_5":{"ID":"5","TITLE":"Spaghetti Bolognese"},"Recipe_7":{"ID":"7","TITLE":"Wurstel"},"Recipe_9":{"ID":"9","TITLE":"Schnitzel"},"Recipe_10":{"ID":"10","TITLE":null},"Recipe_19":{"ID":"19","TITLE":null},"Recipe_20":{"ID":"20","TITLE":"Hundefutter"},"Recipe_26":{"ID":"26","TITLE":"Apfelstrudel"},"Recipe_37":{"ID":"37","TITLE":null},"Recipe_38":{"ID":"38","TITLE":"AENDERUNG"},"Recipe_39":{"ID":"39","TITLE":null},"Recipe_40":{"ID":"40","TITLE":"Schnitzel"},"Recipe_42":{"ID":"42","TITLE":"Release-Test"},"Recipe_43":{"ID":"43","TITLE":"Wurstel2"}}},"Message":null,"Code":200}).Data.Recipes; All the necessary jquery scripts are available. What can be the problem?

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