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• What GPT partition type to use for protecting DRBD metadata?

  - by Carsten Scholtes

  I'm planning to install a DRBD device on a (replicated) disk with two GPT partitions. DRBD requires some space for (preferentially "internal") metadata at the end of the underlying device. I'm hesitant to leave this space unpartitionend (or unformatted in a normal partition). I'd like to reserve an extra partition at the end of the underlying disk device for the metadata. (If I understand correctly, DRBD would not care about the partition or its type and could then use that space exclusively.) My question is: Which would be a suitable GPT partition type for such a metadata partition? It should not be a type interpreted while booting (such as EF00 EFI System). It should not be a type prone to be modified accidentialy by the booted OS (such as 8200 Linux swap, 8e00 Linux LVM, fd00 Linux raid). (The booted OS will be Ubuntu Linux 12.04.3.) It should not be a type indicating a normal filesystem (such as 0c01 or 8301), prone to be formatted correspondingly. It should not be a type requiring any special content in the partition (since the content is to be handled exclusively by DRBD). It should express the purpose of being reserved for something special (namely DRBD). (The types I listed are as provided by gdisk. I'm thinking about using some type unlikely to be used by the OS (maybe bf0a Solaris Reserved 4) or an invented(?) type such as fd01 (close to fd00 Linux raid…). Would something like this be suitable, too dangerous or even possible?)

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• A tiered approach to cloning linux partitons

  - by Djurdjura

  I'm looking at a strategy for cloning Linux (root) partitions without having to use a Live CD. Literature suggests rightly that the source and target partitions must be umounted to be able to get a clean clone. This assumes that you need to use a LiveCD. I was wondering if instead of requiring a LiveCD, if using a 3rd partition that would emulate the LiveCD functionality, if we can't achieve the same functionality. In other words, at a high level a system with 3 partitions (all bootable): Rescue Partition (LiveCD emulation) Running Partition (Source) Backup Partition (Destination) All 3 partitions are LVMS. When it's time to clone the source partition to the backup (destination) partition, we would boot to the rescue partition, unmount the other 2 partitions (is it required?), run disk check on the source, copy to the destination (dd or simple copy to avoid replicating the defragmentation from the source), run disk check on the destination partition, update Grub menu list to force boot from either partition, and reboot into that partition. My question, is it an approach that you'd recommend? MBR in all this? Any gotchas or extra checks required? Thanks, D. PS. On recommendation from members, posting here instead of stackoverflow.com.

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• DMG mounting warning message says "it may make computer less secure or cause other problems"

  - by Cawas

  When I try to open a DMG file I get this: I'll just transcript the image: There may be a problem with this disk image. Are you sure you want to open it? Opening this disk image may make your computer less secure or cause other problems. What does that mean in fact? What's really wrong with it, and what kind of problem can it cause just by mounting? Someone said: When you download a file in Leopard (and Snow Leopard), it's marked as a quarantined file. This occurs by the OS adding an attribute to the file, tagging where it came from (such as "downloaded by Safari"). This is what causes the user to see prompts when running files that were downloaded from the Internet, you may remember being asked to confirm you'd like to launch program XXX downloaded by Safari on XXX date. As a new part of Snow Leopard, files which are tagged with the quarantine attribute also have integrity checked by fsck, and if that verify fails you will see the message you described, triggered by an unused node in the disc image. But really, I didn't get that. What's quarantine? I've just downloaded a file here on SL, tried to open, and got that warning. Apple have a say about quarantine files, and they seem to work the same on Leopards. Plus I have got that file using Google Chrome while that feature seems to work just with Safari.

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• Virtual (ESXi4) Win 2k8 R2 server hangs when adding role(s)

  - by Holocryptic

  I'm trying to provision a 2k8r2 Enterprise server in ESXi4. The OS installation goes fine, VMware tools, adding to domain, updates. All the basic stuff before you start adding Roles and Features. I've had this happen on two attempts already, and I'm not sure where the problem might be. I don't think it's hardware, because I have another 2k8r2 Standard server that's running fine. The only real difference is the install media. The server that's working was installed using a trial ISO and license. The one I'm having problems with is a full MAK installation. When I go to add a Role (the last case was Application Server) it gets all the way to "collecting installation results" before it hangs. CPU utilization in the vSphere client shows little spikes of activity with flatlines inbetween, but the whole console is locked up. The only way to release it is to power off and bring it back up. When you go to look at the added roles after bringing it back up, it shows that it is installed, but I don't trust that something didn't get wedged in all of that. The first install I did was with Thin Disk provisioning. The second attempt was with regular disk provisioning. In both cases 4GB of RAM, 2 vCPUs. VMware host is a HP Proliant DL380 G6, RAID-1 OS, RAID-5 data volume. 12 GB RAM. Has anyone else had this problem, or know where I should start poking around?

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• Have local admin privileges on Windows XP, but getting "Error terminating process: Access is denied"

  - by Chris W. Rea

  On one of the Windows XP machines I use regularly, there is a process that starts up periodically. I'd like to be able to kill the process – sometimes – because it occasionally runs when I'm busy doing something machine-intensive. I've already tried dropping the process priority to "Idle" to mitigate the effects, but it isn't the CPU that's the problem. Rather, the process is very disk-intensive and no matter the process priority, it still causes significant disk thrashing when running, impacting everything else I'm doing at the time. Using Process Explorer, I can find the process, right-click, and choose Kill Process, but I always get the message "Error terminating process: Access is denied." This is not an operating system process, but third-party software. What might that process be doing to prevent itself from being terminated? How can I kill such a process? Is there a way for me to modify the process's security or access control list (ACL) somewhere, using Process Explorer or another tool, so that I can effectively kill it?

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• LSI MegaRAID LINUX got Optimal after degradation but strange POST message

  - by kesrut

  Linux server box with LSI MegaRAID controller got degraded. But after some time RAID status changed to Optimal. Adapter 0 -- Virtual Drive Information: Virtual Drive: 0 (Target Id: 0) Name : RAID Level : Primary-1, Secondary-0, RAID Level Qualifier-0 Size : 2.727 TB Mirror Data : 2.727 TB State : Optimal Strip Size : 256 KB Number Of Drives per span:2 Span Depth : 3 Default Cache Policy: WriteBack, ReadAdaptive, Cached, No Write Cache if Bad BBU Current Cache Policy: WriteThrough, ReadAdaptive, Cached, No Write Cache if Bad BBU Default Access Policy: Read/Write Current Access Policy: Read/Write Disk Cache Policy : Disk's Default Encryption Type : None Is VD Cached: No But now I'm getting RAID BIOS POST message: Your battery is either charging, bad or missing, and you have VDs configured for write-back mode. Because the battery is not currently usable, these VDs willl actually run in write-through mode until the battery is fully charged or replaced if it is bad or missing. (Image: http://cl.ly/image/1h1O093b1i2d) So may it be battery issue caused problem ? I get information about battery: BatteryType: iBBU Voltage: 4001 mV Current: 0 mA Temperature: 22 C Battery State : Operational BBU Firmware Status: Charging Status : None Voltage : OK Temperature : OK Learn Cycle Requested : No Learn Cycle Active : No Learn Cycle Status : OK Learn Cycle Timeout : No I2c Errors Detected : No Battery Pack Missing : No Battery Replacement required : No Remaining Capacity Low : No Periodic Learn Required : No Transparent Learn : No No space to cache offload : No Pack is about to fail & should be replaced : No Cache Offload premium feature required : No Module microcode update required : No Where can be problem ? I'm disabled alarms, but get them if enabled. But don't know how find root of problem.

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• Upgrading Visio 2000 to Visio 2007

  - by dirtside

  I have Microsoft Visio 2000 SR 1, and recently purchased Microsoft Office Visio Standard 2007 with the understanding (supported by the product info and some other research) that I'd be able to upgrade. However, when I install 2007, it tells me it can't find a previous install of Visio, but... it's right there! Here's the exact message: "Setup can't find a version of Microsoft Office on your computer. If Office is installed on a disk or network share, click the browse button to select the appropriate disk or share... (etc.)" No matter which directory or drive I pick (various Office installs, the old Visio install, various subdirectories) it gives the following message: "The path you have chosen does not point at a qualifying upgradeable product. Click 'Retry' to try again or 'Cancel' to quit setup." Any ideas? This is a legit copy of Visio 2007 (purchased from Amazon) and the copy of Visio 2000 is legit as well. I'm not sure what exactly the installer is looking for that it would consider a "qualifying upgradeable product". A specific file?

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• PC only boots from Linux-based media and won't boot from DOS-based media

  - by xolstice

  I have this problem where the PC only seems to boot from a floppy disk or CD if it was created as a Linux-based bootable media. If it was created as a DOS-based bootable media the system just freezes at the starting point of the boot process. I originally asked this under question 139515 for CD booting only, and based on the given answers, I was under the impression the problem was with the CD-ROM drive; however, I have since installed a newly purchased CD-ROM drive and the same freezing occurs. This then made me try the DOS bootable floppy disk approach and I was quite surprised that it exhibited the same freezing problem. I then tried try a Linux bootable floppy and everything booted from it without any issues. As I mentioned in my original question, the PC was booting just fine from the DOS-based bootable CD, and then it suddenly decides to pull this freezing stunt. I can't remember if I changed anything in the BIOS settings that may I have caused the problem, but I am wondering if that could be the case - it is currently using the Award Module BIOS v4.60PGMA. Can anyone help?

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• SSD cache to minimize HDD spin-up time?

  - by sirprize

  short version first: I'm looking for Linux compatible software which is able to transparently cache HDD writes using an SSD. However, I only want to spin up the HDD once or twice a day (to write the cached data to the HDD). The rest of the time, the HDD should not be spinning due to noise concerns. Now the longer version: I have built a completely silent computer running Xubuntu. It has a A10-6700T APU, huge fanless cooler, fanless PSU, SSD. The problem is: it also has (and needs) a noisy HDD and I want to forbid spinning it up during the night. All writes should be cached on the SSD, reads are not needed in the night. Throughout every day, this computer will automatically download about 5 GB of data which will be retained for about a year, giving a total needed disk capacity of slightly less than 2 TB. This data is currently stored on a 3 TB noisy hard disk drive which is spinning day and night. Sometimes, I'll need to access some data from several months ago. However, most times I'll only need data from the last 14 days, which would fit on the SSD. Ideally, I'd like a transparent solution (all data on one filesystem) which caches all writes to the SSD, writing to the HDD only once a day. Reads would be served by the cache if they were still on the SDD, else the HDD would have to spin up. I have tried bcache without much success (using cache_mode=writeback, writeback_running=0, writeback_delay=86400, sequential_cutoff=0, congested_write_threshold_us=0 - anything missing?) and I read about ZFS ZIL/L2ARC but I'm not sure I can achieve my goal with ZFS. Any pointers? If all else fails, I will simply use some scripts to automatically copy files over to the big drive while deleting the oldest files from the SSD.

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• What do you upgrade to make games load faster? [on hold]

  - by Superbest

  Let's say you have a relatively modern game like Shogun 2. The loading screens take several minutes. This bothers you and you'd like to improve it. What is actually going on when loading screens are up? I'm guessing assets are being loaded into memory from disk, and possibly being decompressed first. However, what is actually causing the slow down? The memory? Mainboard? CPU? HDD? If you had $100 to spend on upgrades and your only goal is to speed up loading screens without reducing other performance, what component of the computer does it make sense to upgrade for maximum benefit? If your answer is "it depends on the existing setup", what sort of benchmarks would you run to determine what is causing the bottleneck? What if you had $500 instead? I give the two budgets for context. I am not asking for actual recommendations about which component to buy (nor are the numbers supposed to be rigid limits), but what features are important when shopping for components with small and large budgets (a large budget could allow buying multiple components which are not so good on their own, but work particularly well together). I mention Shogun 2 as an example, but I'm asking about reducing overall loading times, across all games, not just one game. Therefore, "put it on a solid state disk" probably won't be good solution, because putting every game on your SDD will quickly fill it up.

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• CentOS OpenVZ fail to boot after kernel update

  - by SkechBoy

  After upgrading to latest OpenVZ kernel CentOS server won't boot. When i try go boot the latest kernel server is stuck at this point: (note that images are taken from virtual kvm) http://i.stack.imgur.com/4lusz.jpg Then i try to start the server on some old kernels and than i get this error message: kernel panic - not syncing - attempted to kill init better shown on this image: http://i.stack.imgur.com/2SReF.jpg Here is some useful information fdisk -l WARNING: GPT (GUID Partition Table) detected on '/dev/sda'! The util fdisk doesn't support GPT. Use GNU Parted. Disk /dev/sda: 2995.7 GB, 2995739688960 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 364211 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x0004c4e4 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 523 4199044+ 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda2 524 785 2104515 83 Linux /dev/sda3 786 261869 2097157230 83 Linux /dev/sda4 261870 364211 822062115 83 Linux /etc/fstab proc /proc proc defaults 0 0 none /dev/pts devpts gid=5,mode=620 0 0 /dev/sda1 none swap sw 0 0 /dev/sda2 /boot ext3 defaults 0 0 /dev/sda3 / ext3 defaults 0 0 /dev/sda4 /home ext3 defaults 0 0 and grub config file: title OpenVZ (2.6.18-274.18.1.el5.028stab098.1) root (hd0,1) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-274.18.1.el5.028stab098.1 ro root=/dev/sda3 vga=0x317 selinux=0 initrd /initrd-2.6.18-274.18.1.el5.028stab098.1.img title OpenVZ (2.6.18-274.7.1.el5.028stab095.1) root (hd0,1) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-274.7.1.el5.028stab095.1 ro root=/dev/sda3 vga=0x317 selinux=0 initrd /initrd-2.6.18-274.7.1.el5.028stab095.1.img title OpenVZ (2.6.18-194.8.1.el5.028stab070.4) root (hd0,1) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-194.8.1.el5.028stab070.4 ro root=/dev/sda3 vga=0x317 initrd /initrd-2.6.18-194.8.1.el5.028stab070.4.img Any help is greatly appreciated Thanks.

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• Tomcat uninstall problems

  - by Deepak

  Hi, I am using "apt-get remove tomcat6" to remove tomcat.It gives this outout and tomcat still running on my system: Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: seamonkey-gnome-support ocaml-base-nox libghc6-hsql-prof libgmp3-dev libffi-dev libtool libghc6-hsql-dev libgmpxx4ldbl ghc6-prof camlp4 ghc6 ledit ocaml-interp rhino libltdl-dev ocaml-nox Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following packages will be REMOVED: tomcat6 tomcat6-admin tomcat6-examples 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 3 to remove and 1 not upgraded. After this operation, 2,400kB disk space will be freed. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y Segmentation fault deepak@kalpna-desktop:~$ apt-get remove tomcat6 Reading package lists... Done Building dependency tree Reading state information... Done The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required: seamonkey-gnome-support ocaml-base-nox libghc6-hsql-prof libgmp3-dev libffi-dev libtool libghc6-hsql-dev libgmpxx4ldbl ghc6-prof camlp4 ghc6 ledit ocaml-interp rhino libltdl-dev ocaml-nox Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them. The following packages will be REMOVED: tomcat6 tomcat6-admin tomcat6-examples 0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 3 to remove and 1 not upgraded. After this operation, 2,400kB disk space will be freed. Do you want to continue [Y/n]? y Segmentation fault What is the way to re-install tomcat on ubuntu. Regards D

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• Script errors when run by launchd at startup, but not when run in Terminal

  - by Mechcozmo

  Hello. I'm attempting to create a RAM disk that loads the previous contents when the system starts up, and every six hours writes the contents to a disk image. Currently, when you run the script from the terminal ("sudo bash LogToRAM.sh") everything works fine. But when run from launchd during startup, it doesn't work. Here's the lines from the log; the first line just gives some idea as to where in the boot process we are: SecurityAgent[202] Showing Login Window com.mechcozmo.LogToRAM[51] + /Developer/usr/bin/SetFile -a V /Volumes/LogfileRAMdisk com.mechcozmo.LogToRAM[51] ERROR: File Not Found. (-43) on file: /Volumes/LogfileRAMdisk com.mechcozmo.LogToRAM[51] + /usr/sbin/asr -source '/Library/Application Support/LogToRAM/RAMdisk_store.dmg' -target /Volumes/LogfileRAMdisk/ -noverify Here is the script and plist file in question. Note that 'set -vx' is up at the top of the script; it give a lot of information about what is happening in the script. My current theory is that the /Volumes directory does not exist at this stage of the boot process, but that seems unlikely to be honest.

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• Toshiba External Hard Drive freezes computer

  - by Ephraim

  I bought a Toshiba Canvio Basics E05A032BAU2XK Portable External 320GB 2.5 Hard Drive: My computer has two Os's on it Win7 and Win XP. I need both. The main one I use is XP. When booting my computer in any OS the computer and hard drive work fine. The same holds true for plugging in the hard drive while running Win7. However, when running WinXP, if the hard drive gets plugged in the computer freezes(my main point is that the HD is portable so it is essential that it does not do this, as I said I usually run XP). After reading some online forums I was informed that there is a compatibility issue with the newest version of Eset Smart Security(I still don't understand this because it works fine in Win7 or when connected on boot...). I disabled the AV and plugged in the HD... Walla! The comnputer did not freeze. However the disk is not recognized in explorer or disk management. In device manager I removed the device and did a scan and installation of device failed. It pretty much sounds like a driver issue but I cannot find any drivers for this HD. In fact, Toshiba claims that there are no downloadable drivers for it and that XP should take care of the drivers itself. What to do? As far as I can tell, all other USB devices work just fine on both OS. Please Help!

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• Missing boot files in Windows 8

  - by Alex F. Sherman

  I had a partition with Windows 8 Release Preview, Windows' System Reserved partition and the empty space of the beginning of disk. I moved two partitions to the beginning of disk using Ubuntu Live CD and GParted. After that, the Windows Loader didn't boot and throw an error about missing files. I fixed it using the commands: bootsect /nt60 sys /force /mbr bootrec /rebuildbcd bootrec /fixboot bootrec /fixmbr When I used "Automatic repair" option from "Advanced boot" menu, it throw an error like: Windows can't fix your boot problems. For more information see file C:\Windows\System32\LogFiles\Srt\SrtTrail.txt In this file I found a description of the system repair actions and at the end of file: Boot status indicates that the OS booted successfully. Now, when I use the Advanced boot menu from Windows 8 (PC settings - General - Advanced startup) I receive an error: Restart your PC to try again. It looks like something didn't load correctly. Restarting might fix the problem. If this happens more than once, you might also be able to find help by searching online for the specific error code. Erorr code: 0x8007090. 0x80070490 is the error code ERROR_NOT_FOUND. What are the missing boot files and how can I restore them? List of files in System Reserved Partition: B:\bootmgr B:\BOOTNXT B:\Boot\BCD B:\Boot\BCD.LOG B:\Boot\BCD.LOG1 B:\Boot\BCD.LOG2 B:\Boot\BOOTSTAT.DAT B:\Boot\Fonts B:\Boot\memtest.exe B:\Boot\qps-ploc B:\Boot\Resources B:\Boot\Resources\bootres.dll and many *.mui and *.ttf files.

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• Custom MS-DOS / FreeDOS

  - by user1801387

  Goal : Build a custom DOS to boot into. To automate tasks like formating a drive, or doing recovery. I've been using Grub4DOS to boot into these images. So far I've looking into taking a windows repair disk ISO and extracting. I can't seem to find the autoexec.bat in the disk. I really don't know where to look for the startup configuration file to change or how to add an autoexec.bat. I've tried MS-DOS 6.22. But it lacks the diskpart tool I require. I've tried extracting the images and adding it. Then I got a boot failed. I assume that after i added it. All the files when to lower case names and I assume that the OS is case sensitive. Then I've looking into using FreeDOS. But I don't know how it works at all. Partially because I can't seem to grasp the help/wiki's information. I looked into getting a bearbones release with just the kernel and I think it's the config.sys file. But I don't have any idea on how the packaging system works to incorporate diskpart into it. So really I'm in general looking for a small bootable DOS to where I can incorporate diskpart and setup an autoexec.bat for the actual function to carry out and to boot into. Thanks :) This is just for personal use also.

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• Linux: prevent VNC from swapping like mad

  - by Weezy

  I'm accessing a MacMini (with MacOS X 10.4) from my Linux machine using VNC and there's an issue that is driving me crazy... My Linux machine has 4 GB of ram and I run a lot of various apps on it and I've got no issue at all. It's all snappy and don't hear the hard disk swapping/read/writing too often. Now with VNC, the hard disk is swapping like mad... When I'm moving things on the OS X desktop. So I was thinking of creating a ramdisk and forcing the temp VNC files to go into that ramdisk but the problem is I can't find any temp files. I've attempted to do that: #!/bin/bash while [ true ] do lsof | grep vnc done And eyeball parse the output to try to find some temp file: no luck. The VNC version I'm using is this one: $ vncviewer -version VNC Viewer Free Edition 4.1.1 for X - built Jan 30 2009 19:33:16 Copyright (C) 2002-2005 RealVNC Ltd. No matter how much data is coming from the Mac, there should be plenty of memory (4 GB of ram) so there's really no reason to swap like crazy. This is driving me mad. Any help as to how I could solve this problem is most welcome because this is literally driving me nuts.

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• Windows installation repair option not showing up

  - by Jason

  I'm trying to repair an existing Windows XP installation. Following the instructions from http://www.microsoft.com/windowsxp/using/helpandsupport/learnmore/tips/doug92.mspx this should work: - 1.When the Press any key to boot from CD message is displayed on your screen, press a key to start your computer from the Windows XP CD. - 2.Press ENTER when you see the message To setup Windows XP now, and then press ENTER displayed on the Welcome to Setup screen. - 3.Do not choose the option to press R to use the Recovery Console. - 4.In the Windows XP Licensing Agreement, press F8 to agree to the license agreement. - 5.Make sure that your current installation of Windows XP is selected in the box, and then press R to repair Windows XP. - 6.Follow the instructions on the screen to complete Setup. On step 5 pressing R does nothing and there is nothing on the screen saying it would. When I just select to install I get a message that a previous installation is there and proceeding will destroy it and installed applications, I can optionally select a directory other than c:/windows, and I can optionally format before continuing. I had tried to go from SP2-SP3. It failed, and then I couldn't get to Safe Mode. I put the SP1 disk back in to do a repair, and I don't see that option. (I don't have an SP2 boot/install disk, I just have the non-boot upgrade package.)

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• Acer recovering windows vista

  - by Charlie Pigarelli

  My computer history is very long even of my computer has 4 years of life. An year ago I installed Windows 7 on this acer m1610 that had Vista before. My technic left me 2 recovery disc for "acer vista" before updating it to Windows 7. Then the computer had some trouble. The graphic card broke and we decided to use another computer. Yesterday I had the great idea to fuse the two computer to have a better one... So I moved the graphic card of the latter computer to the acer and everything gone well. Then the trouble of speed, it had before, come back. So I decided to reinstall the very first Windows: Vista back again. I booted the computer with those 2 DVD-R my technic left me and at the end of the process it asked me to insert "the backup cd number one or the system disk". I found 2 original Acer "Blank Recovery Disc" DVD-R and tried with those: rejected. Tried with empty DVD-+R: rejected. I tried with CDs: rejected. I don't have any system disc with me. Except for those 2 DVD-R my technic left me. What am I supposed to do now? I even tried with these fantomatic alt+f9/f10 that should start the recovery without any disc... But nothing happened. PS: the installation cannot complete if I do not insert the right disk. (The recovery disc uses Acer eRecovery Management as recovery software.

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• Dual boot windows 8 pro and windows 7 on XPS 8500 Special Edition

  - by Jesse

  I am trying to install a dual boot with windows 7 premium and windows 8 Pro on an XPS 8500 special edition. I created a new primary partition on my C: drive, inserted the windows 8 install disk, and rebooted my computer from DVD. I select custom install and the dialog box saying "Where do you want to install windows at?" pops up but none of my drives are listed. Please help me determine what is going on. I don't understand why none of my drives are showing up on this menu. Not even the original drive. When I go to load driver and click on the partition I created it tells me "No signed device drivers were found. Make sure the installation media contains the correct drivers, and then click OK." resolved above issue by running setup from the source folder on the install disk instead of booting from DVD. Was able to locate my new partition and start install. It completes the first step of "Copying windows files" just fine but then on the next step "Getting files ready for installation" my computer restarts and attempts to load windows 8 but keeps telling me my pc needs to restart. This keeps going on in an infinite boot loop. Please help, this has been a nightmare!

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• MySQL not releasing temp file descriptors

  - by Wakaru44

  Since a few days ago, we’ve been experiencing some serious problems with our MySQL installation: MySQL keeps opening temporal files (normal behaviour) but these files are never released. The consequence is that, eventually, the disk space is exhausted and we have to restart the service and clean up /tmp manually. Using lsof, we see something like this: mysqld 16866 mysql 5u REG 8,3 0 692 /tmp/ibyWJylQ (deleted) mysqld 16866 mysql 6u REG 8,3 0 707 /tmp/ibf5adsT (deleted) mysqld 16866 mysql 7u REG 8,3 0 728 /tmp/ibGjPRyW (deleted) mysqld 16866 mysql 8u REG 8,3 0 5678 /tmp/ibMQDLMZ (deleted) mysqld 16866 mysql 13u REG 8,3 0 5679 /tmp/ibQAnM42 (deleted) Maybe it's not related, but when we shutdown the server, the files are finally freed, and we can see the following warnings in the MySQL log: 121029 7:44:27 [Warning] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Forcing close of thread 1333 user: 'xxx' 121029 7:44:27 [Warning] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Forcing close of thread 1156 user: 'yyy' 121029 7:44:27 [Warning] /usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld: Forcing close of thread 1151 user: 'zzz' where 'xxx', 'yyy' and 'zzz' are distinct mysql users (and the only 3 users with active connections to the database). We have a few theories: There is a problem in the OS, that keeps file handlers open. Could it be possible that the OS "delete" operation blocks the threads until shutdown? This may explain the warning at shutdown and the fact that files are finally deleted when the process dies. Until now, data sets were so small that temp files were relatively small and there was enough time to release the file handles without exhausting disk space. We are using Mysql 5.5 on a RHEL 6.2 with the default kernel.

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• How do hdparm's -S and -B options interact?

  - by user697683

  These two options seem confusing. For example: according to the man page -B 254 "does not permit spin-down". However, testing with -B 254 -S 1 the drive does spin down after 5 seconds. -B Query/set Advanced Power Management feature, if the drive supports it. A low value means aggressive power management and a high value means better performance. Possible settings range from values 1 through 127 (which permit spin-down), and values 128 through 254 (which do not permit spin-down). The highest degree of power management is attained with a setting of 1, and the highest I/O performance with a setting of 254. A value of 255 tells hdparm to disable Advanced Power Management altogether on the drive (not all drives support disabling it, but most do). -S Put the drive into idle (low-power) mode, and also set the standby (spindown) timeout for the drive. This timeout value is used by the drive to determine how long to wait (with no disk activity) before turning off the spindle motor to save power. Under such circumstances, the drive may take as long as 30 seconds to respond to a subsequent disk access, though most drives are much quicker. The encoding of the timeout value is somewhat peculiar. A value of zero means "timeouts are disabled": the device will not automatically enter standby mode. Values from 1 to 240 specify multiples of 5 seconds, yielding timeouts from 5 seconds to 20 minutes. Values from 241 to 251 specify from 1 to 11 units of 30 minutes, yielding timeouts from 30 minutes to 5.5 hours. A value of 252 signifies a timeout of 21 minutes. A value of 253 sets a vendor-defined timeout period between 8 and 12 hours, and the value 254 is reserved. 255 is interpreted as 21 minutes plus 15 seconds. Note that some older drives may have very different interpretations of these values.

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• linux hardware raid 10 / lvm / virtual machine partition alignment and filesystem optimization

  - by Jason Ward

  I've been reading everything I can find about partition alignment and filesystem optimization (ext4 and xfs) but still don't know enough to be confident in setting up my current configuration. My remaining confusion comes from the LVM layer and if I should use raid parameters on the filesystem in guest os'es. My main questions are: When I use 'pvcreate --dataalignment' do I use the stripe-width as calculated for a filesystem on RAID (128kB for ext4 in my situation), the Stripe size of the RAID set (256kB), something else altogether, or do I not need this? When I create ext2/3/4 or xfs filesystems in guests on the Logical Volumes, should I add the settings for the underlying RAID (e.g. mkfs.ext4 -b 4096 -E stride=64,stripe-width=128)? Does anyone see any glaring errors in my set up below? I'm running some benchmarks now but haven't done enough to start comparing results. I have four drives in RAID 10 on a 3ware 9750-4i controller (more details on the settings below) giving me a 6.0TB device at /dev/sda. Here is my partition table: Model: LSI 9750-4i DISK (scsi) Disk /dev/sda: 5722024MiB Sector size (logical/physical): 512B/512B Partition Table: gpt Number Start End Size File system Name Flags 1 1.00MiB 257MiB 256MiB ext4 BOOTPART boot 2 257MiB 4353MiB 4096MiB linux-swap(v1) 3 4353MiB 266497MiB 262144MiB ext4 4 266497MiB 4460801MiB 4194304MiB Partition 1 is to be the /boot partition for my xen host. Partition 2 is swap. Partition 3 is to be the root (/) for my xen host. Partition 4 is to be (the only) physical volume to be used by LVM (for those who are counting, I left about 1.2TB unallocated for now) For my Xen guests, I usually create a Logical Volume of the needed size and present it to the guests for them to partition as needed. I know there are other ways of handling that but this method works best for my situation. Here's the hardware of interest on my CentOS 6.3 Xen Host: 4x Seagate Barracuda 3TB ST3000DM001 Drives (sector size: 512 logical/4096 physical) 3ware 9750-4i w/BBU (sector size reported: 512 logical/512 physical) All four drives make up a RAID 10 array. Stripe: 256kB Write Cache enabled Read Cache: intelligent StoreSave: Balance Thanks!

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• SQL Server 2005 standard filegroups / files for performance on SAN

  - by Blootac

  Ok so I've just been on a SQL Server course and we discussed the usage scenarios of multiple filegroups and files when in use over local RAID and local disks but we didn't touch SAN scenarios so my question is as follows; I currently have a 250 gig database running on SQL Server 2005 where some tables have a huge number of writes and others are fairly static. The database and all objects reside in a single file group with a single data file. The log file is also on the same volume. My interpretation is that separate data files should be used across different disks to lessen disk contention and that file groups should be used for partitioning of data. However, with a SAN you obviously don't really have the same issue of disk contention that you do with a small RAID setup (or at least we don't at the moment), and standard edition doesn't support partitioning. So in order to improve parallelism what should I do? My understanding of various Microsoft publications is that if I increase the number of data files, separate threads can act across each file separately. Which leads me to the question how many files should I have. One per core? Should I be putting tables and indexes with high levels of activity in separate file groups, each with the same number of data files as we have cores? Thank you

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• MSSQLSERVER Will Not Start - Event ID 913 and 1814

  - by ThaKidd

  Hello ServerFault! I need some serious help. I have a major database server down and am scratching my head at how to fix it. The server was hit by rolling black outs last week in Dallas and sense then, Microsoft SQL 2005 SP2 will not start up. I am getting the following errors (both when starting the service and while trying to execute mssqlsrv.exe -c -f -m: Event Type: Error Event Source: MSSQLSERVER Event ID: 913 Could not find database ID 3. Database may not be activated yet or may be in transition. Reissue the query once the database is available. If you do not think this error is due to a database that is transitioning its state and this error continues to occur, contact your primary support provider. Please have available for review the Microsoft SQL Server error log and any additional information relevant to the circumstances when the error occurred. and... Event Type: Information Event Source: MSSQLSERVER Event ID: 1814 Could not create tempdb. You may not have enough disk space available. Free additional disk space by deleting other files on the tempdb drive and then restart SQL Server. Check for additional errors in the event log that may indicate why the tempdb files could not be initialized. I have tried to rename the tempdb.mdf to tempdb.old with no success. I have checked and have 193 GB of free hard drive space. What else might cause this problem? Could the server need a chkdsk ran on it or do I need to be looking at some area of the database server? Any help is greatly appreciated. Thank you in advance.

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