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• How can I proxy multiple LDAP servers, and still have grouping of users on the proxy?

  - by Chris

  I have 2 problems that I'm hoping to find a common solution to. First, I need to find a way to have multiple LDAP servers (Windows AD's across multiple domains) feed into a single source for authentication. This is also needed to get applications that can't natively talk to more than one LDAP server to work. I've read this can be done with Open LDAP. Are there other solutions? Second, I need to be able to add those users to groups without being able to make any changes to the LDAP servers I'm proxying. Lastly, this all needs to work on Windows Server 2003/2008. I work for a very large organization, and to create multiple groups and have large numbers of users added to, moved between, and removed from them is no small task. This normally requires tons of paperwork and a lot of time. Time is the one thing we don't normally have; dodging the paperwork is just a plus. I have very limited experience in all this, so I'm not even sure what I'm asking will make sense. Atlassian Crowd comes close to what we need, but falls short of having it's own LDAP front end. Can anyone provide any advice or product names? Thanks for any help you can provide.

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• Scaling databases with cheap SSD hard drives

  - by Dennis Kashkin

  Hey guys! I hope that many of you are working with high traffic database-driven websites, and chances are that your main scalability issues are in the database. I noticed a couple of things lately: Most large databases require a team of DBAs in order to scale. They constantly struggle with limitations of hard drives and end up with very expensive solutions (SANs or large RAIDs, frequent maintenance windows for defragging and repartitioning, etc.) The actual annual cost of maintaining such databases is in $100K-$1M range which is too steep for me :) Finally, we got several companies like Intel, Samsung, FusionIO, etc. that just started selling extremely fast yet affordable SSD hard drives based on SLC Flash technology. These drives are 100 times faster in random read/writes than the best spinning hard drives on the market (up to 50,000 random writes per second). Their seek time is pretty much zero, so the cost of random I/O is the same as sequential I/O, which is awesome for databases. These SSD drives cost around $10-$20 per gigabyte, and they are relatively small (64GB). So, there seems to be an opportunity to avoid the HUGE costs of scaling databases the traditional way by simply building a big enough RAID 5 array of SSD drives (which would cost only a few thousand dollars). Then we don't care if the database file is fragmented, and we can afford 100 times more disk writes per second without having to spread the database across 100 spindles. . Is anybody else interested in this? I've been testing a few SSD drives and can share my results. If anybody on this site has already solved their I/O bottleneck with SSDs, I would love to hear your war stories! PS. I know that there are plenty of expensive solutions out there that help with scalability, for example the time proven RAM-based SANs. I want to be clear that even $50K is too expensive for my project. I have to find a solution that costs no more than $10K and does not take much time to implement.

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• Why do manufacturers not show all hardware power usage?

  - by Drew

  I find it slightly more difficult to build a computer when I do not know how much power is needed for a component. When selecting a power supply for a computer, it is difficult to know how large of one to get. You don't want to go too large for cost reasons and circuit reasons, but you don't want to go too low and not be able to properly use every component. For instance, a graphics card might say "Minimum of a 500 Watt power supply. (Minimum recommended power supply with +12 Volt current rating of 30 Amps.)" But it really needs 360W (12V * 30A). So why don't they just say "Uses 360W max and xxxW peak"? Processors, I have noticed are good at reporting their power usage, but aside from processors and sometimes graphics cards, power usage is easily found. What is the power consumed by the Blu-ray / DVD drives? By the HDDs/SSDs? By the Mobo? etc. Why are these questions not easily answered when building a machine?

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• Reduce "Metafile" memory usage?

  - by Jay Conrod

  My work computer (Windows 7 64-bit) spends a lot of time swapping memory when I switch between programs. This surprises me since I have 4 GB of RAM, and the programs I use aren't particularly RAM hungry (Outlook, Emacs, p4win, Firefox, various build tools). I downloaded RAMMap, and it shows over a gigabyte of memory used by "Metafile". From the Sysinternals blog: Metafile is part of the system cache and consists of NTFS metadata. NTFS metadata includes the MFT as well as the other various NTFS metadata files. ... In the MFT each file attribute record takes 1k and each file has at least one attribute record. Add to this the other NTFS metadata files and you can see why the Metafile category can grow quite large on servers with lots of files. So I understand what the "Metafile" data is... I work on large builds comprising hundreds of thousands of files (none are that big, but they add up to several gigabytes). My question is how can I reduce the amount of memory used by "Metafile"? I'm not actively using all those files at once, so why does Windows need to keep info in RAM? Restarting my machine every time I sync a new build is really annoying.

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• Can MySQL use multiple data directories on different physical storage devices

  - by sirlark

  I am running MySQL with its data dir on a 128Gb SSD. I am dealing with large datasets (~20Gb) that are loaded and processed weekly, each stored in a separate DB for the purposes of time point comparisons. Putting all the data into a single database in unfeasible because the performance on such large databases is already a problem. However, I cannot keep more than 6 datasets on the SSD at a time. Right now I am manually dumping the oldest to much larger 2Tb spinning disk every week, and dropping the database to make space for the new one. But if I need one of the 'archived' databases (a semi regular occurrence) I have to drop a current one (after dumping), reload it, do what I need to, then reverse the results. Is there a way to configure MySQL to use multiple data directories, say one on the SSD and one on the 2Tb spinning disk, and 'merge' them transparently? If I could do this, then archiving would no longer mean "moved out of the database entirely", but instead would mean "moved onto the slow physical device". The time taken to do my queries on a spinning disk would be less than that taken to completely dump, drop, load, drop, reload two entire databases, so this is a win. I thought of using something like unionfs but I can't think of a way to control which database gets stored on which physical drive, because it works by merging on a directory level (from what I understand) so I'm still stuck with using multiple directories. Any help appreciated, thanks in advance

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• Reducing both pagfile.sys and hiberfil.sys in Windows 7

  - by greenber

  I recently used Defraggler to consolidate my free space areas on my D: drive preparatory to using Disk Manager to break my drive into two areas, one as my "data area" for Windows 7 (normally on my C: drive) and to experiment around with Windows 8. The Defraggler program works so well I ran it on my C: drive and I ended up with a lot of free space both on my C: drive and my D: drive. I was very happy. And then I woke up the next day and I've got virtually no free space left, something like 8 MB on my C: drive and about 3 GB on my D: drive. I then ran Wintree (which gives a nifty graphical representation of disk usage) and found I had a large page file and a large hiberfil. So I temporarily turned off hibernate and reduced the page file size to 2000megabytes and then rebooted so that both would take effect. It had no effect on the C: drive or the D: drive. That makes no sense to me. What caused the free space on each drive to disappear, why doesn't the page file size being reduced and the hibernate file being turned off free up disk space to either the C: or the D: drive? Would it make sense to delete the two files in question and, if so, how do I go about doing that? Safe mode? Thanks. Ross

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• Production deployment to EC2 with minimal downtime

  - by jensendarren

  I have a simple web application deployed on a large instance with EC2. I now want to deploy the latest code to this server but I want to do this in a way which minimizes downtime and is a smooth as possible for the end user. Here is my plan: Fire up another large instance Install all the software layers on that instance Restore and attach an EBS drive to the instance Deploy our latest production ready code on the new instance Run all tests (including manual testing of the application) (If tests pass) Put a "Site Under Maintenance" notice on the live site. Backup the EBS instance on the live site Detach the EBS instance from the new server and replace with the latest backup Use ec2-associate-address to move the IP address to the new instance Sit back and wait for traffic to start flowing though the new instance Terminate the old instance Does this seem like a good strategy? Are there any tutorials or books that might cover this topic? I have already read Cloud Application Architectures by George Reese, which is an excellent book, but does not cover deployment. Additionally, I know that there are tools that can help with this like RightScale or enStratus which I will use when I start using more than one instance.

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• Linux disk usage analyser that acts like symlinks are real files

  - by Rory

  I am using git-annex, an extension to the DVCS git, which is designed for handling large files. It makes heavy use of symlinks. The actual large files are moved to the .git/annex directory and the original files are symlinked to there. I am running out of disk space, and need to clear up, and see what's using all my space. Usually I'd use a disk usage tool like ncdu, Baobab or Filelight. However they treat the symlink as essentially empty, and only count the file that it is pointing to as using any space. Which means when I use git-annex, it shows no space used in the main directories and lots of space used in the .git/annex directory. This is not helpful. Is there any (graphical or ncurses) based disk usage programme for linux (apt-get installable would be easie that is capable (through options or not) of counting a symlink as using up the space that the original file uses up? Many have options for different behaviour for hard links, so makes sense that some should h (I know counting symlinks as using space has flaws, like counting the space space twice, broken symlinks, etc. But that's OK for my purposes)

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• Did my registrar screw up or is this how name server propagation works?

  - by Brad

  So my company has a number of domains with a large registrar that shall go unnamed. We are making some changes to our DNS infrastructure and the first of those is we are moving our secondary DNS from one server on site to four servers offsite. So we updated the name servers for each domain at the registrar by removing the entry for the old secondary name server and adding the four new ones. I monitored the old secondary server for requests and when I saw no new requests had been made for 24 hours I shut it down. That was this morning. I assumed at this point everything was good. Unfortunately this was my mistake. I should have gone and made sure name servers at large were returning the correct NS records. So this afternoon we were performing maintenance on our primary DNS server and we shut it down. This is when I started getting alerts from our external monitoring. I checked and sure enough, the DNS server used there reported the only NS record for our primary domain was the primary name server. The new secondary servers were not listed and neither was the old secondary. Is it unreasonable of me to have assumed that because the update was from ns1.mydomain.com ns2.mydomain.com to ns1.mydomain.com ns1.backupdns.com ns2.backupdns.com ns3.backupdns.com ns4.backupdns.com in one step at the registrar that there should be no intermediate state where the only NS record was for ns1.mydomain.com? Going forward to be safe obviously I will always leave the old name servers alone until after I'm 100% sure the new ones have propagated and only then remove the old name servers from the registrar. However, I'd still like to know if my registrar screwed up or if my expectation was unreasonable.

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• NTFS frequent corruption when writing many small files, index $I30 error

  - by david sedai

  I'm running Windows 7 Ultimate on a laptop with a 500G HDD, and had all partitions formatted as NTFS. I do a lot of programming and LaTeX typesetting, both of these involves a large amount of reading/writing/deleting to a lot of small files, such as C++ library headers or LaTeX packages. The problem is that frequently, when there is a large number of writing to files, the partition being written to often corrupts, the chkntfs e: returns dirty, where e: is the partition being written. I've re-formatted the drive, I've contacted the laptop manufacturer and had the HDD checked, the HDD is not faulty, there are no bad sectors, and I've tried a brand new HDD, to no avail, and the other partition on the same physical drive doesn't have this issue. I'm pretty sure that it's no hardware related. I've searched the Microsoft support pages, one page http://support.microsoft.com/kb/982018 provides an update for Advanced Format Disks, which I've already installed. The chkntfs log shows $130 index errors. I'm at a loss here. Can anyone help? Thanks in advance.

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• Looking for an application that scrolls or pans netbook screens running Windows

  - by therobyouknow

  I'm looking for a Windows 7 and XP compatible Windows desktop panning/scrolling tool. This is to solve a problem where some applications for example MSN have settings/preference Windows that are not resizeable. I have a Netbook with a small maximum screen resolution e.g. 1024x600. The fixed non-resizeable windows are too large for this display screen size so I cannot see all of the items on these windows, particularly the OK button to save settings. What I would like is a desktop scrolling/panning tool where if I move my mouse pointer to any edge of the display, it pans to show the region of the too-large-fixed window that I could not see. I use a Samsung N110 and Toshiba NB100 netbooks. I'm looking for: A general program that provides desktop panning/scrolling/expanded resolution to allow all regions of a non-resizeable fixed window Preferably a non-graphics hardware specific program but will accept a solution that works with both the above machines I'm NOT looking for (i.e. unsatisfactory answers others have asked that I've already searched and found): Advice on what programs to use that DON'T have the problem of fixed windows Alternative operating system solutions Plugging in an external monitor with larger resolution - I use this option but I need a solution when one is not available, e.g. while travelling etc Advice about not using small screen netbooks - I enjoy the compact convenience of them Advice about change the dpi settings in the Control Panel Display settings Advice about guesswork with the tab key to move the focus the off-screen item I cannot see Thank you in advance.

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• Problems when pasting Outlook 2010 signature logo into message body

  - by Austin ''Danger'' Powers

  Whenever I paste my company logo into a message in Outlook 2010, I run into a variety of complications and anomalies. The dimensions of my original logo image are 315x174 (source image is a PNG file). I am scaling this image down in Photoshop CS6 to a variety of smaller sizes for testing my Outlook signature (300x166, 250x138, 200x110,150x83 and 100x55 pixels). 300x166 = no distortion. This looks the same as in Photoshop (but far too large to use in my signature). 250x130 = distorted (gets stretched much wider by Outlook when pasting into message body). 200x110 = looks reasonable, but seems to have been scaled to a different size (smaller) by Outlook for no obvious reason. 150x83 = for some reason, this is scaled by Outlook to the exact same size that 200x110 was scaled to. In fact, a large range of similar dimensions are scaled to the exact same image size by Outlook. This is very frustrating. Why is this happening and what can be done to prevent it? 100x55 = when pasting my logo from Photoshop to Outlook with these dimensions all that happens is the cursor jumps forwards about an inch on the screen, leaving a blank space where the image was supposed to go. Any advice would be much appreciated.

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• Enterprise class storage best practices

  - by churnd

  One thing that has always perplexed me is storage best practices. Filesystems brag about how they can be petabytes or exabytes in size. Yet, I do not know many sysadmins who are willing to let a single volume grow over several terrabytes. I do know the primary reason behind this is how long it would take to rebuild the array should a drive fail. The more drives in a single LUN, the longer this takes and the greater your risk of losing another drive while the rebuild is taking place. Then there's usage reasons. Admins will carve out a LUN based on how much space they think needs to be allocated to the project. It seems more practical to me for the LUN to be one large array and to use quotas. I understand this wouldn't satisfy every requirement (iSCSI), but I see a lot of NAS systems (NFS) managed this way. I also understand that the underlying volumes can be grown/shrunk as needed quite easily, but wouldn't it be less "risky" to use quotas rather than manipulating volumes and bringing possible data loss into the equation? There may be some other reasons I'm missing, so please enlighten me. Can we not expect filesystems to ever be so large? Are we waiting for the hardware to get faster to cut down on rebuild times?

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• Formatting a memory stick with two partitions?

  - by Marius

  I have a 16GB memorystick which used to have a Linux partition. It therefore has two partitions; 2GB FAT32 and 14GB linux boot drive. The linux part stopped working, so I decided to reinstall it. But windows can't see that partition. I tried formatting the whole disk, but I can only format one partition (the FAT32). There seems to be no way to combine the two partitions into one big one, and there seems to be no way for windows to partition the large part of the memorystick to but Linux on it. In the windows partition manager, windows sees the large unused partition, and it let me delete it. But once I have deleted it, I'm not allowed to format it. Also I cannot delete or resize the small partition. So, to summarize: I have a memorystick with two partitons. Windows only sees one of them, and won't let me use the other one. I would like to combine the two partitions so I can install Linux on the memory stick again.

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• Steps to deploy a custom routing protocol

  - by user134589

  I'm a Ph.D Student and I'm researching a Service Centric Networking architecture with resourceallocation on a large scale. What I'm looking to do is expand an existing routing protocol like OSPF with extra fields and some new message types that I need for communication between Nodes. I want to manipulate the cost of a network link and I want paths to be calculated like in OSPF V2/v3, but using the cost that my algorithms have calculated. What I have I have the source code of OSPF from Quagga. I am assuming I can edit this code how I want, including packet structures and creating new types. Yes, I am aware it won't be easy but this is a 6 years research project and I am eager to develop something new, to move forward. What I need I would like to know how I can deploy the edited OSPF source files I have (written in C) on any type of server. I have a large testbed environment available with hundreds of virtual nodes and pretty much any OS out there. So if I want to test my extended protocol, how do I make all the nodes in a network use this to communicate? I do not understand what parts of the kernel I need to edit here. I tried searching for days now and I am unable to find how to deploy a non-existing routing protocol, without the use of an application-level framework. If somebody could push me in the right direction that'd be awesome. note: I need this to be a routingprotocol and not an application, since I want this to work on op of the network layer for performance reasons. Thanks!

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• How is the extra mSATA SSD disk used/configured in a Dell XPS laptop?

  - by Mark

  Some machines in the new XPS laptop range from Dell come with a regular, large (500GB+) HDD and an additional 32GB m-SATA SSD. The only detail I can find about this extra drive on the Dell site is this: Store your important files, multimedia and photos with XPS 15’s large hard drive options. To get instant access to your media, choose an optional mSATA solid-state drive (SSD) that can boot up to twice as fast as a regular hard drive and resumes in less than 1 second. I'd like to know more about how this extra drive is set up and used, specifically: Is anything installed on it (e.g. OS files or a boot loader) or is it just used as swap space? Is the m-SATA drive visible as a lettered drive in Windows? (I'd guess not if it's used for swap file only.) Is this unusual configuration likely to cause any problems later down the line - e.g. when upgrading to Windows 8? As usual, Dell's sales team haven't been able to help. If anyone's actually got a Dell machine with this or a similar hard drive set-up and can give a definitive answer rather than speculation I'll accept the answer.

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• Why does BitLocker need a minimum volume size of 64 MB?

  - by Iszi

  Since the future of TrueCrypt appears to be still unclear, I figured I'd try to get my stuff migrated into BitLocker at least for the time being. I nearly never have to access my encrypted data from anything that's not BitLocker-capable, so cross-platform compatibility isn't a big deal to me at this time. However, I am having a bit of an issue understanding the minimum requirement of a 64 MB volume. With TrueCrypt, I was able to protect small files (and most of my protected files are fairly small) in containers down to 300 KB or even less. When I finally created a VHD of an appropriate size last night (100 MB), it seemed the file system itself only took up about 3 MB and encrypting it with BitLocker didn't appear to take up any more. While 3 MB is still an order of magnitude larger than the smallest volume I could make with TrueCrypt, it's still relatively reasonable in comparison to 64 MB. This is an especially large amount of overhead (and largely wasted at that, since it's mostly empty space for now) when I consider that some of these volumes will be stored and synced in the cloud. What possible reasons could BitLocker have for needing volumes to be 64 MB large, when it's not even appearing to use that space? BitLocker FAQ on TechNet

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• Recommended Smartphone for Reading PDFs [closed]

  - by mika

  This is as much a software than a hardware question. I use a lot of public transport and perhaps the best way to spend your time there is to read while listening to music. Currently I use Nokia E90 and Adobe Reader LE 2.5 (full version). I was wondering if there are any better alternatives? Requirements: at least 640px wide screen, preferably 800px physical size of the LCD display matters, it should be large, but the phone itself should be as small as possible. This favors touchscreen models PDF reader should be of high quality. It should render most PDFs correctly. Other important features include: full screen mode, keyboard controls for Page Down and page change, multiple zoom levels to adjust to the screen, opening recent documents at the last page read Downsides of E90 + Adobe Reader LE Phone is large compared to the display It is hard to read the display at sunlight Adobe Reader crashes the phone regularly, zoom could have more levels, doesn't remember last page EDIT: Switched to iPhone and GoodReader. Smaller physical screen width compared to E90 is a disimprovement, but other than that I'm happy. GoodReader is the highest quality smartphone PDF reader I've seen so far.

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• Nginx + PHPBB3 reverse proxy images problem

  - by siberiano

  Hello all I have a problem with my Nginx Frontend + Apache2 backend + PHPBB3 software. It doesn't load the CSS and the images neither. I get constant errors like these: 2010/04/14 16:57:25 [error] 13365#0: *69 open() "/var/www/foo/styles/styles/coffee_time/theme/large.css" failed (2: No such file or directory), client: 83.44.175.237, server: www.foo.com, request: "GET /styles/coffee_time/theme/large.css HTTP/1.1", host: "www.foo.com", referrer: "http://www.foo.com/viewforum.php?f=43" This is my config of the site: server { listen 80; server_name www.foo.com; access_log /var/log/nginx/foo.access.log; # serve static files directly location ~* ^.+.(jpg|jpeg|gif|css|png|js|ico)$ { access_log off; expires 30d; root /var/www/trasteando/; } location / { root /var/www/foo/; index /var/www/foo/index.php; } # proxy the PHP scripts to predefined upstream .apache. # location ~ .php$ { proxy_pass http://apache; } location /styles/ { root /var/www/foo/styles/; }

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• Deploying multiple identical copies of a virtual machine for compute tasks

  - by Reid

  I have a compute task which has a large number of library dependencies. I would like to deploy it on some of my company's large Linux clusters, where I do not have root. I could probably track down, compile, and install the right versions of all the libraries, but this looks to be quite tedious and would have to be repeated if I deployed it again somewhere else. On the other hand, it's pretty easy to install on current Ubuntu. This led me to wonder about a virtual machine approach. Could I put together a virtual machine which booted up, ran the computation (with parameters from and results to the host), and then shut down? In other words, I'd like a command like this that I could run on the host: $ ./run-vm --ram N --task /path/on/host/foo.sh --results /another/host/dir/ This would boot the VM, run foo.sh, and put the (relatively small) results of the computation in /another/host/dir/. It's important to start up many instances of the VM simultaneously, both on a single node and multiple nodes of the cluster. So it would be nice if I didn't have to make many copies of the VM virtual disk and metadata. As the task instances are completely independent, the VMs would not need any network support once deployed, or any outside communications beyond reading and writing the host filesystem. Is this possible, and if so, how might I go about doing it? Are there assumptions I've made above which are bogus?

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• MS Word custom dictionary making spellcheck slow - ideas?

  - by ezuk

  I have a user who edits technical materials. She uses MS Word's Custom Dictionary all the time for spelling; it has grown very large, and is now making spell check very slow. All of the advice I've read online says to disable the custom dictionary. This is an easy solution, but is not workable for the user, because she actually needs this dictionary. So, is there any way to optimize the custom dictionary and/or Word itself, so that a large dictionary file doesn't slow things down quite so badly? Many thanks. Update after suggestions: I ran contig on the file, and it reports just 1 frag, so that's not the issue I think. The file is 9.95KB -- 1,117 lines, each consisting of just a single word. I viewed the file using Notepad and none of the lines seems corrupted, strange, or overly long (no line seems to be over 10 chars or so). Both of your suggestions were helpful so I will upvote both; any further tips would be most welcome.

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• Nginx Multiple If Statements Cause Memory Usage to Jump

  - by Justin Kulesza

  We need to block a large number of requests by IP address with nginx. The requests are proxied by a CDN, and so we cannot block with the actual client IP address (it would be the IP address of the CDN, not the actual client). So, we have $http_x_forwarded_for which contains the IP which we need to block for a given request. Similarly, we cannot use IP tables, as blocking the IP address of the proxied client will have no effect. We need to use nginx to block the requested based on the value of $http_x_forwarded_for. Initially, we tried multiple, simple if statements: http://pastie.org/5110910 However, this caused our nginx memory usage to jump considerably. We went from somewhere around a 40MB resident size to over a 200MB resident size. If we changed things up, and created one large regex that matched the necessary IP addresses, memory usage was fairly normal: http://pastie.org/5110923 Keep in mind that we're trying to block many more than 3 or 4 IP addresses... more like 50 to 100, which may be included in several (20+) nginx server configuration blocks. Thoughts? Suggestions? I'm interested both in why memory usage would spike so greatly using multiple if blocks, and also if there are any better ways to achieve our goal.

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• What can be done to improve time synchronization on networks with sporadic internet access?

  - by anregen

  I'm looking for advice setting up time servers for a very non-typical network. I support many closed networks that have occasional access to the internet. A network would get access most days for a few hours, but would frequently go 1-3 weeks blacked-out. The computers/servers on this network are mostly *nix-based, but not all the same flavor. The entire network is mobile, so when it connects, it will have very different hops/latency to internet time servers. The servers on the closed network are powered-off frequently (at least daily). Right now, my gut tells me to use NTP (because I hate re-learning all the stuff that someone else already got working pretty well). But I have several issues, and am looking for someone with experience in this type of strange situation. I currently have no solution in place, I'm simply letting the internal clocks drift. This results in errors of ~600s in a majority of networks. I have seen mismatch worse than 10,000s. Is there something "better" than NTP in this situation? I know NTP likes to have very frequent, consistent access to servers that give nearly identical answers. I won't have that. How many internal NTP servers should I configure, so that during periods of internet blackout, I have internal time that is consistent within the closed network? There is no human access. No matter how large the mismatch, the server(s) must attempt to correct itself. Discrete steps are very bad. No matter how large the mismatch, the correction must be "slewed", not "stepped". I understand that this could take many hours to correct.

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• WD Caviar Green Extremely Slow

  - by Steven

  I am encountering a really weird problem on my WD Caviar Green HDD. Well first of all I have 2 HDDs on my Desktop, one 160GB Seagate holding my Win7 Ultimate x64 and the problematic one, WD 1.5 Caviar Green for storage purpose. My problem is kinda weird, when I transfer files from my Seagate(C:) to my WD (D:) the speed is good (50-60MB/s). Then the problem arises when I transfer too "many" large files, the transfer speed would go straight down to kilobytes/s. Well after I cancelled the transfer and access my D:, even entering a folder requires loading for like 10 seconds. Such problem not only arises when I am transferring files to my D:, it seems like my WD can't handle much activities. For instance, last time I installed my game on D: and I would face much lag after playing for some time. When the same game is installed on C: no problem arises. Does anyone knows what is the problem? P/S: There was one temporary solution that I used to tried. After the "situation" occurs, I tried to access as many folders on D: as I can and let it load, repeating such actions and giving it some time bring the D: back to speedy transfer. However, large transfers would causes the situation to happen again. Does it have something to do with cache whatsoever?

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• Adding a transaction ID to ruby-on-rails logs

  - by Blue Warrior NFB

  We have a RoR app (rails version 3.2.15 right now). As it has been getting busier, the log-files it's producing are becoming less and less useful for troubleshooting. When they come in like this, it's not a problem: Started GET "/accounts/28088166/kittens/22894/rendered_png?file_id=5d3eaec77954a489b5ddd75143091767&kitten_store_id=9970569bbacf7b6dbeb4eb9295960d69&size=large" for 172.16.202.30 at 2013-11-12 13:45:00 +0000 Processing by KittenController#rendered_png as HTML Parameters: {"file_id"="5d3eaec77954a489b5ddd75143091767", "kitten_store_id"="9970569bbacf7b6dbeb4eb9295960d69", "size"="large", "kitten_cam_id"="280941", "id"="kjlak357aw479607t"} Rendered text template (0.0ms) Sent data (1.8ms) Completed 200 OK in 1037.4ms (Views: 1.4ms | ActiveRecord: 98.4ms) Short request, quickly assembled, all the relevant log-lines are in one block. However, not all of our code renders in 1037ms. There are a few calls that can exceed several seconds, and during that time several of these quicker ones can come in. When that happens, its very, very hard to identify which log-lines belong to which GET. Sent data (4.1ms) Completed 200 OK in 767.4ms (Views: 3.2ms | ActiveRecord: 72.2ms) Completed 200 OK in 2338.0ms (Views: 0.2ms | ActiveRecord: 0.0ms) Ooookaaaay... which goes to what? Is it possible to add something like a transaction-ID to these log-lines? The log-spam would be interspersed, but at least grep-magic would give me the unified entries that I need.

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