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  • How to safely use grub rescue> in Fedora 16? System does not boot anymore

    - by YumYumYum
    When i boot my PC, i get this in my Fedora 16 distro. I have tried as following but none allowing me to boot anymore. Any help please? I am blocked completely. Grub loading. Welcome to GRUB! error: file not found. Entering rescue mode... grub rescue> grub rescue> ls (hd0) (hd0,gpt3) (hd0,gpt2) (hd0,gpt1) grub rescue> ls (hd0,gpt2)/ ./ ../ lost+found/ memtest86+-4.20 grub2/ System.map-3.1.0-0.rc3.git0.0.fc16.i686 config 3.1.0.0.rc3.git0.0.fc16.i686 grub/ vmlinuz-3.1.0.0.rc3.git0.0.fc16.i686 elf-memtest86+-4.20 initramfs-3.1.0.0.rc3.git0.0.fc16.i686.img initramfs-3.1.0.0.rc4.git0.0.fc16.i686.img System.mpa-3.1.0.0.rc3.git0.0.fc16.i686 config-3.1.0.0.rc3.git0.0.fc16.i686 vmlinuz-3.1.0.0.rc3.git0.0.fc16.i686 grub rescue> set prefix=(hd0,gpt2)/boot/grub grub rescue> set root=(hd0,gpt2) grub rescue>insmod normal error unknown filesystem. or sometimes "error: file not found." grub rescue>normal unknown command normal

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  • What exactly is a chroot? Is it similar to a simultaneous dual boot?

    - by mathematician1975
    It has been suggested to me that the use of a chroot might solve my problem of building an application that must run on an embedded device. I have inferred from this description that it is somehow similar to creating the embedded environment locally on my machine which I can then use to develop on from my desktop development machine. Is this the right way to look at the functionality or have I totally misunderstood? In order to get some idea of how it works I read this https://wiki.ubuntu.com/DebootstrapChroot which I will attempt to make a chroot for an old Ubuntu version on my machine. However, as I am a total linux novice, I am a bit concerned that as I do not entirely know what I am doing is there anyway that I could end up with an unusable system?? Is this something that a novice should even attempt???

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  • Mail.app - What sets sort order when adding To addresses by typing Group name?

    - by Meltemi
    Using Mail.app in Mac OS X (10.6.3) I'm seeing apparently random sort order when sending a email to a group. Not a major issue but you'd think it be alphabetical?!? To reproduce: Compose New Message in Mail.app Type in a group name from your Address Book The addresses from that group will populate the To: field in apparently random fashion FYI- You'd think that choosing Edit Distribution List… in Address Book would let you sort the list...but nope! Anyone know what/how to set this sort order?

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  • does the *physical* order/location of drives in a mdadm-managed RAID-10 array matter?

    - by locuse
    i've setup a 4-drive RAID-10 array using mdadm-managed, software-raid on an x86_64 box. it'd up & running and works as expected, cat /proc/mdstat md127 : active raid10 sdc2[2] sdd2[3] sda2[0] sdb2[1] 1951397888 blocks super 1.2 512K chunks 2 far-copies [4/4] [UUUU] bitmap: 9/466 pages [36KB], 2048KB chunk atm the four SATA drives are physically plugged into the motherboard's 1st four SATA ports. i'd like to gather the necessary/complete info for catastrophic recovery. reading starting here, http://neil.brown.name/blog, and the mailing list, i'm not yet completely confident i have it right. i understand 'drive order matters'. is that logical, &/or physical order that matters? if i unplugged the four drives in this array, and plugged them each back into different ports on the motherboard or a pci card, as long as i've changed nothing in software config, will the array correctly auto-re-assemble?

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  • In BASH, are wildcard expansions guaranteed to be in order?

    - by ArtB
    Is the expansion of a wildcard in BASH guaranteed to be in alphabetical order? I forced to split a large file into [10Mb pieces][1] so that they can be be accepted by my Mercurial repository. So I was thinking I could use: split -b 10485760 Big.file BigFilePiece. and then in place of: cat BigFile | bigFileProcessor I could do: cat BigFilePiece.* | bigFileProcessor In its place. However, I could not find anywhere that guaranteed that the expansion of the asterisk (aka wildcard, aka '*' ) would always be in alphabetical order so that .aa came before .ab ( as opposed to be timestamp ordering or something like that ). Also, are there any flaws in my plan? How great is the performance cost of cating the file together?

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  • If I drop my clustered PK and add a new one, what order will my rows be in?

    - by stack
    In SQL Server, I'm looking at TableA, which currently has a uniqueidentifier clustered primary key. The GUID has no meaning in any context. (I'll give you a second to clean up your keyboard and monitor and set down the soda.) I'd like to drop that primary key and add a new unique integer primary key to the table. My question is this: when I drop the index, modify the column from uniqueidentifier to int, and add the new clustered unique primary key to the modified column, will the new PK values be in the order of insertion into the table, or will they be in some other order? Is this the right way to go here? Will this work? (I'm kind of a noobkin with regard to table creation/modification.)

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  • Windows XP alt-tab: How to restrict options to certain applications, in certain order and exclude others?

    - by Rob
    In Windows XP Alt-tab keypress sequence to select applications, how can I ensure that certain applications always appear, in a certain order, with others always excluded? Background for asking is that most XP-based machines that I am working with on a shop floor present the list of shortcuts in a certain order and certain applications. There is one machine however, that displays an additional application. This is a hindrance to the users of the machines, as the nature of their work is routine and this variation disrupts the remembered sequence, "disrupts their flow". Thoughts? Being a good superuser, I research first before asking, and I found: Applications randomly alt-tab? (especially full screen games) Restore Alt-Tab behavior so that minimizing an app once again moves it to the end? (2. looks close to the control I need, but would need more finer, preciser control over what appears in the selection). Suggestions? (Thanks in advance.)

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  • How do I ensure my Apple keyboard connects on boot?

    - by Stacey Richards
    I am using Ubuntu 10.04 on a laptop and have an Apple wireless keyboard which pairs fine. Every time I turn my computer off and back on again my keyboard stops working. I have to use the keyboard on my laptop to log in. Once I've logged in, in order to get the wireless keyboard to work, I need disconnect and reconnect it by: Clicking on the Bluetooth icon, select Apple Wireless Keyboard from the drop down menu, then click on Disconnect. Clicking on the Bluetooth icon, select Apple Wireless Keyboard from the drop down menu, then click on Connect. Looking through syslog, to see what's happening during boot, I find: Nov 25 10:29:21 sony kernel: [ 24.525372] apple 0005:05AC:0239.0002: parse failed Nov 25 10:29:21 sony kernel: [ 24.525379] apple: probe of 0005:05AC:0239.0002 failed with error -14 and then later in syslog, once I've disconnected then connected the keyboard, I find: Nov 25 10:30:14 sony bluetoothd[1247]: link_key_request (sba=00:21:4F:49:8A:DB, dba=E8:06:88:5A:E0:D4) Nov 25 10:30:14 sony kernel: [ 79.427277] input: Apple Wireless Keyboard as /devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1d.2/usb8/8-1/8-1:1.0/bluetooth/hci0/hci0:12/input11 Nov 25 10:30:14 sony kernel: [ 79.427611] apple 0005:05AC:0239.0003: input,hidraw1: BLUETOOTH HID v0.50 Keyboard [Apple Wireless Keyboard] on 00:21:4F:49:8A:DB I can't find anything helpful when Googling "apple: probe of failed with error -14".

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  • Is order of parameters for database Command object really important?

    - by nawfal
    I was debugging a database operation code and I found that proper UPDATE was never happening though the code never failed as such. This is the code: condb.Open(); OleDbCommand dbcom = new OleDbCommand("UPDATE Word SET word=?,sentence=?,mp3=? WHERE id=? AND exercise_id=?", condb); dbcom.Parameters.AddWithValue("id", wd.ID); dbcom.Parameters.AddWithValue("exercise_id", wd.ExID); dbcom.Parameters.AddWithValue("word", wd.Name); dbcom.Parameters.AddWithValue("sentence", wd.Sentence); dbcom.Parameters.AddWithValue("mp3", wd.Mp3); But after some tweaking this worked: condb.Open(); OleDbCommand dbcom = new OleDbCommand("UPDATE Word SET word=?,sentence=?,mp3=? WHERE id=? AND exercise_id=?", condb); dbcom.Parameters.AddWithValue("word", wd.Name); dbcom.Parameters.AddWithValue("sentence", wd.Sentence); dbcom.Parameters.AddWithValue("mp3", wd.Mp3); dbcom.Parameters.AddWithValue("id", wd.ID); dbcom.Parameters.AddWithValue("exercise_id", wd.ExID); Why is it so important that the parameters in WHERE clause has to be given the last in case of OleDb connection? Having worked with MySQL previously, I could (and usually do) write parameters of WHERE clause first because that's more logical to me. Is parameter order important when querying database in general? Some performance concern or something? Is there a specific order to be maintained in case of other databases like DB2, Sqlite etc? Update: I got rid of ? and included proper names with and without @. The order is really important. In both cases only when WHERE clause parameters was mentioned last, actual update happened. To make matter worse, in complex queries, its hard to know ourselves which order is Access expecting, and in all situations where order is changed, the query doesnt do its intended duty with no warning/error!!

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  • Grub can not boot after resizing windows XP (NTFS) partition. What is to be done? [closed]

    - by cipricus
    Possible Duplicate: How to Repair Grub while dual booting ( win7 / ubuntu 11.10) I had installed Lubuntu on a PC with Windows XP and used dual boot for some time with no problems. Since I had almost abandoned Windows (kept it for printing...) I decided to resize its ntfs partition and add the free space to my Ubuntu space. Tried that with a gparted stick and a live cd but would not work due to an issue related to the ntfs partition: gparted signaled with a red exclamation point that there was a problem with that partition. I read that a checkdisk might solve it but in the end used EaseUS in Windows to shrink (resize) the ntfs partition and create a new one (ext3) from the space left. All seemed ok with that procedure: but resizing the partition and moving the data might have affected the grub file: or whatever the following message means, which I get when trying to start my pc: error: file not found grub rescue> Booting from a live cd I see, beside the shrinked windows partition and my old linux one, the newly created partition, containing a directory called lost+found that I cannot open. Can I fix the grub file and recover both my XP and Lubuntu installations?

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  • Oneric Aspire One. After latest 11.10 update to Linux 3.0.0-9 boot hangs at staement "Starting Bluetooth"

    - by hevh
    I have today updated the version of Linux on Ubuntu on my Acer Aspire One. The boot hangs on the statement "Starting Bluetooth". Help please!! EDIT1: I get the grub menu when I start the netbook and it doesn´t matter which version of linux I choose the resulkt is the same. It gets as far as the Ubuntu spash screen then drops into command line mode then hangs on the line "Starting Bluetooth". I can log in and have tried various forms of the apt-get command to fix the system but with no result. I do not need bluetooth at the moment and so could remove the application if I knew how. (have tried apt-get remove bluez). When I use the command sudo apt-get -f install I get an error message saying "There's not enough space in /var/lib/mysql/" folowed by several other error messages. I have spent some time looking for similar problems and solutions using google but so far got to nothing to help. Thanks EDIT2: I have since discovered when running Knoppix or slitaz from a usb stick that the file managers report the hard disc as having no space. However GPARTED reports it as having 3.69gb. I do recall making space on the hard drive by deleting some old files and emptying trash whilst the update was running; perhaps its related. Any suggestions for how I can recover the apparently lost space from hard disc without losing the data. I have backups of the actual data but do not wnat to lose the applcations configuration. Thanks Kev

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  • How do I Order on common attribute of two models in the DB?

    - by Will
    If i have two tables Books, CDs with corresponding models. I want to display to the user a list of books and CDs. I also want to be able to sort this list on common attributes (release date, genre, price, etc.). I also have basic filtering on the common attributes. The list will be large so I will be using pagination in manage the load. items = [] items << CD.all(:limit => 20, :page => params[:page], :order => "genre ASC") items << Book.all(:limit => 20, :page => params[:page], :order => "genre ASC") re_sort(items,"genre ASC") Right now I am doing two queries concatenating them and then sorting them. This is very inefficient. Also this breaks down when I use paging and filtering. If I am on page 2 of how do I know what page of each table individual table I am really on? There is no way to determine this information without getting all items from each table. I have though that if I create a new Class called items that has a one to one relationship with either a Book or CD and do something like Item.all(:limit => 20, :page => params[:page], :include => [:books, :cds], :order => "genre ASC") However this gives back an ambiguous error. So can only be refined as Item.all(:limit => 20, :page => params[:page], :include => [:books, :cds], :order => "books.genre ASC") And does not interleave the books and CDs in a way that I want. Any suggestions.

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  • Why represent shopping carts and order invoices differently in a domain model?

    - by Todd
    I've built some shopping cart systems in the past, but I always designed them such that the final order invoice is just a shopping cart that has been marked as "purchased". All the logic for adding/removing/changing items in a cart is also the logic for the order. All data is stored in the same tables in the database. But it seems this is not the proper way to design an e-commerce site.. Can someone explain the benefit of separating the shopping cart from invoices in the domain model? It seems to me this would lead to a lot of duplicated code, an extra set of tables in the database, and make it harder to maintain in the event the system need to start accommodating more complicated orders (like specifying selected options for an item which may or may not change the price/availability/shipping time of the order). I'm assuming I just haven't seen the light, as every book and other example I see seems to separate these two seemingly similar concerns -- but I can't find any explanation as to the benefit of doing such! It's also the case in the systems that I design that changes are often made after the initial order is confirmed. It's not uncommon for items to be removed, replaced, or added afterwards (but prior to fulfillment).

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  • Using transactions with LINQ-to-SQL

    - by Jalpesh P. Vadgama
    Today one of my colleague asked that how we can use transactions with the LINQ-to-SQL Classes when we use more then one entities updated at same time. It was a good question. Here is my answer for that.For ASP.NET 2.0  or higher version have a new class called TransactionScope which can be used to manage transaction with the LINQ. Let’s take a simple scenario we are having a shopping cart application in which we are storing details or particular order placed into the database using LINQ-to-SQL. There are two tables Order and OrderDetails which will have all the information related to order. Order will store particular information about orders while OrderDetails table will have product and quantity of product for particular order.We need to insert data in both tables as same time and if any errors comes then it should rollback the transaction. To use TransactionScope in above scenario first we have add a reference to System.Transactions like below. After adding the transaction we need to drag and drop the Order and Order Details tables into Linq-To-SQL Classes it will create entities for that. Below is the code for transaction scope to use mange transaction with Linq Context. MyContextDataContext objContext = new MyContextDataContext(); using (System.Transactions.TransactionScope tScope = new System.Transactions.TransactionScope(TransactionScopeOption.Required)) { objContext.Order.InsertOnSubmit(Order); objContext.OrderDetails.InsertOnSumbit(OrderDetails); objContext.SubmitChanges(); tScope.Complete(); } Here it will commit transaction only if using blocks will run successfully. Hope this will help you. Technorati Tags: Linq,Transaction,System.Transactions,ASP.NET

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  • How Many Google +1's Does a Website need in order for Google WebMaster's Tools to Show Characteristics

    - by Asaph
    I have added the Google +1 Button to my website and discovered the new Social Activity section in Google WebMaster's Tools. Apparently, one of the interesting things you can learn about your audience is demographic data. But in GWT, the Social Activity Audience section for my site (currently 82 +1's), says the following: Your site doesn’t have enough +1's yet to show characteristics But I'm not sure how many +1's is enough. Google's official help page for the Audience section offers little insight: The Audience page displays information about people who have +1'd your pages, including the total number of unique users, their location, and their age and gender. All information is anonymized; Google doesn't share personal information about people who have +1’d your pages. To protect privacy, Google won't display age, gender, or location data unless a certain minimum number of people have +1'd your content. But what is that "certain minimum number"? I've tried Googling this but all I could find to date was this page which doesn't answer the question. So how many +1's does a site need before GWT will show me audience demographic characteristics?

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  • How do I boot Ubuntu Cloud images in vmware?

    - by Graham
    I want to run an Ubuntu cloud image on on VMWare. I've gotten pretty far but want to know how to set the OVF properties in a way that VMWare understands in order to pass parameters to cloud-init. This is what I've done: Install VMWare Player 4.0.4, using the vmware workstation 8.0.2 / player 4.0.2 fix for linux 3.2+ patch to get around the compilation failure for virtual ethernet module. Download precise-server-cloudimg-amd64.ovf, and also the QCOW2 .img file (220MB) Run qemu-img convert -O vmdk precise-server-cloudimg-amd64-disk1.img precise-server-cloudimg-amd64-disk1.vmdk to convert the image from QCOW2 to VMDK Edit the OVF to change the extension and ovf:size on the <File> element and set ovf:format="http://www.vmware.com/interfaces/specifications/vmdk.html#sparse" on the <Disk> element. Edit the OVF to remove all the <Property> elements because vmplayer was complaining about unrecognised elements. Run the OVF in vmplayer. Alternatively, run ovftool to convert to vmx and run the vmx. Unfortunately I can't log in as "ubuntu" at the prompt because the OVF properties haven't been provided to cloud-init. How should I do this?

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  • How would you rank these programming skills in order of learning them? [closed]

    - by mumtaz
    As a general purpose programmer, what should you learn first and what should you learn later on? Here are some skills I wonder about... SQL Regular Expressions Multi-threading / Concurrency Functional Programming Graphics The mastery of your mother programming language's syntax/semantics/featureset The mastery of your base class framework libraries Version Control System Unit Testing XML Do you know other important ones? Please specify them... On which skills should I focus first?

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  • Is a company order to switch to a certain IDE a red flag?

    - by Justin Alexander
    I recently joined a rapidly growing startup. In the past 3 months the development team has grown from 4 to 12. Until now they were very laissez-faire about what developers used to do their work. In fact one of the things I initially found attractive about the company is that most programmers used Linux, or whatever OS they felt best suited their efforts. Now orders, without discussion, have come down that everyone is to switch to Eclipse. A fine editor. I prefer SublimeText2, but it's just my personal taste. Is this a red flag? It seems capricious and unreasonably controlling to tell developers (non-MS) what IDE or tool-sets to use if they are already settled in and productive.

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  • Where do I create the file .htaccess, in order to serve my HTML5 cache manifest file correctly?

    - by Forrest
    From a post on http://diveintohtml5.org/offline.html (Wayback Machine Copy) Your cache manifest file can be located anywhere on your web server, but it must be served with the content type text/cache-manifest. If you are running an Apache-based web server, you can probably just put an AddType directive in the .htaccess file at the root of your web directory: AddType text/cache-manifest .manifest Where do I create the file .htaccess? Need some more setup with apachectl ? Thanks very much !

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  • How to develop Online Shopping Portal Application using PHP ?

    - by Sarang
    I do not know PHP & I have to develop a Shopping Portal with following Definition : Scenario: Online Shopping Portal XYZ.com wants to create an online shopping portal for managing its registered customers and their shopping. The customers need to register themselves first before they do shopping using the shopping portal. However, everyone, whether registered or not, can view the various products along with the prices listed in the portal. The registered customers, after logging in, are allowed to place order for one or more products from the products listed in the portal. Once the order is placed, the customer gets a reference order number and the order status should be “order in process”. The customers can track their order using the given reference number. The management of XYZ.com should be able to modify the order status of a particular reference order number to “shipped” once the products are shipped to the shipping address entered by the customer at the time of placing the order. The Functionalities required are : Create the interface for the XYZ.com shopping portal using HTML/XHTML and CSS. Implement the client side validations using JavaScript. Create the tables using MySQL. Implement the functionality using the server side scripting language, PHP. Integrate all the above tasks and make the XYZ.com shopping portal functional. How do I develop this application with following proper steps of development ?

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  • How do I force folder view sort order to not ignore special characters?

    - by Jason Hartley
    I have many folders in my home directory that have names that begin with special characters such as _OLD_500GB_HD or !FolderIWantToSeeAtTheTop, but for some reason these folders are sorted according to their first alphanumeric character rather than the leading special character. So how can I force the folder to not ignore the special character, or how else can I make the sort view organize certain folders at the top or bottom of the sort? Thanks.

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  • Upstart: How does rc job work / order of (contradicting) "start on ..." and "stop on ..." stanzas

    - by Binarus
    Hi, I just can't understand how Upstart's rc job definition in Natty 11.04 works. To illustrate the problem, here is the definition (empty lines and comments are left out): start on runlevel [0123456] stop on runlevel [!$RUNLEVEL] export RUNLEVEL export PREVLEVEL console output env INIT_VERBOSE task exec /etc/init.d/rc $RUNLEVEL Let's suppose we currently are in runlevel 2 and the rc job is stopped (that is exactly the situation after booting my box and logging in via SSH). Now, let's assume that the system switches to runlevel 3, for example due to a command like "telinit 3" given by root. What will happen to the rc job? Obviously, the rc job will be started since it is currently stopped and the event runlevel 3 is matching the start events. But from now on, things are unclear to me: According to the manual $RUNLEVEL evaluates to the new runlevel when the job is started (that means 3 in our example). Therefore, the next stanza "stop on runlevel [!$RUNLEVEL]" translates to "stop on runlevel [!3]"; that means we have a first stanza which will trigger the job, but the second stanza will never stop the job and seems to be useless. Since I know that the Ubuntu / Upstart people won't do useless things, I must be heavily misunderstanding something. I would be grateful for any explanation. While trying to understand this, an additional question came to my mind. If I had contradicting start and stop triggers, for example start on foo stop on foo what would happen? I swear I never will do that, but I am nevertheless very interested in how Upstart handles that on the theoretical level. Thank you very much! Editing the question as a reaction on geekosaur's first answer: I can see the parallelism, but it is not that easy (at least, not to me). Let's assume the job aurrently is still running, and a new runlevel event comes in (of course, the new runlevel is different from the current one). Then, the following should happen: 1) The job is single instance. That means that "start on ..." won't be triggered since the job is currently running; $RUNLEVEL is not touched. 2) "stop on ..." will be triggered since the new runlevel is different from $RUNLEVEL, so the job will be aborted. 3) Now, the job is stopped and waiting. I can't see how it is restarted with the new runlevel. AFAIK, initctl emits events only once, so "start on ..." won't be triggered and the new runlevel won't be entered. I know that I still misunderstanding something, and I am grateful for explanations. Thank you very much!

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  • How does rc job work / order of (contradicting) "start on ..." and "stop on ..." stanzas

    - by Binarus
    Hi, I just can't understand how Upstart's rc job definition in Natty 11.04 works. To illustrate the problem, here is the definition (empty lines and comments are left out): start on runlevel [0123456] stop on runlevel [!$RUNLEVEL] export RUNLEVEL export PREVLEVEL console output env INIT_VERBOSE task exec /etc/init.d/rc $RUNLEVEL Let's suppose we currently are in runlevel 2 and the rc job is stopped (that is exactly the situation after booting my box and logging in via SSH). Now, let's assume that the system switches to runlevel 3, for example due to a command like "telinit 3" given by root. What will happen to the rc job? Obviously, the rc job will be started since it is currently stopped and the event runlevel 3 is matching the start events. But from now on, things are unclear to me: According to the manual $RUNLEVEL evaluates to the new runlevel when the job is started (that means 3 in our example). Therefore, the next stanza "stop on runlevel [!$RUNLEVEL]" translates to "stop on runlevel [!3]"; that means we have a first stanza which will trigger the job, but the second stanza will never stop the job and seems to be useless. Since I know that the Ubuntu / Upstart people won't do useless things, I must be heavily misunderstanding something. I would be grateful for any explanation. While trying to understand this, an additional question came to my mind. If I had contradicting start and stop triggers, for example start on foo stop on foo what would happen? I swear I never will do that, but I am nevertheless very interested in how Upstart handles that on the theoretical level. Thank you very much! Editing the question as a reaction on geekosaur's first answer: I can see the parallelism, but it is not that easy (at least, not to me). Let's assume the job aurrently is still running, and a new runlevel event comes in (of course, the new runlevel is different from the current one). Then, the following should happen: 1) The job is single instance. That means that "start on ..." won't be triggered since the job is currently running; $RUNLEVEL is not touched. 2) "stop on ..." will be triggered since the new runlevel is different from $RUNLEVEL, so the job will be aborted. 3) Now, the job is stopped and waiting. I can't see how it is restarted with the new runlevel. AFAIK, initctl emits events only once, so "start on ..." won't be triggered and the new runlevel won't be entered. I know that I still misunderstanding something, and I am grateful for explanations. Thank you very much!

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  • Why is my dual-boot Ubuntu partition showing up as a peripheral "root.disk"?

    - by Don
    I recently installed Ubuntu 12.04, which I had been booting from a usb key, as a dual-boot on my machine running Windows 7. From what I had read online while researching, I was prepared to have to shrink the Windows partition and all that. But I never had to - it really was just a few clicks here and there and it was installed. I'm still pretty confused about it, but whatever, it worked, and the two peacefully coexist on my machine, and I have broken things to fix before I worry about fixing unbroken things. So yesterday I got it in my head to look at my partitions (I was considering making an all new partition to install the Windows 8 Release Preview). What I saw confused me. Here's a screenshot of the disk utility. At this moment, there is nothing connected to my computer, and nothing in any of the optical drives/ports/card readers/etc. Can you help me figure out what's going on here? Don's Machine is, I believe, my Windows partition - that's the name I assigned my machine from Windows Explorer. PQSERVICE is from what I can find online also Windows, but having to do with backup. And SYSTEM REQUIRED, if I browse it in Ubuntu, is definitely something to do with booting, and I believe it is also Windows'. According to the sizes shown, those three together should use up my 500 GB HD. Then further down, as a "peripheral device", it lists that 31 GB disk. This is obviously my Ubuntu (Model:Linux Loop:root.disk), but why is it showing up as a peripheral? So, to sum up those questions and to add some more random ones I had: Why is Ubuntu showing up as a peripheral device? If the Windows sections take up all 500 GB, where does Ubuntu live? If I renamed the disk partitions, would my life become a nightmare (seriously - can I safely rename them)? Why didn't I have to resize the Windows partition in the first place? Would giving Ubuntu more space improve its performance (it hangs alot)? Is it possible to have a partition for each OS (Windows 7 & 8, Ubuntu), a partition for files, and a separate partition for backups? Is this towards the good or bad idea end of the spectrum? @Elfy, would that explain why it keeps hanging? I guess I'll backup my files, rip it out, and reinstall it correctly later on today.

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