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• Best practices for implementing collectible virtual item "packs"?

  - by Glenn Barnett

  I'm in the process of building a game in which virtual items can be obtained either by in-game play (defeating enemies, gaining levels), or by purchasing "packs" via microtransactions. Looking at an existing example like Duels.com's item packs, it looks like a lot of thought went into their implementation, including: Setting clear player expectations as to what can be obtained in the pack Limiting pack supply to increase demand and control inflation Are there other considerations that should be taken into account? For example, should the contents of the packs be pre-generated to guarantee the advertised drop rates, or is each drop rate just a random chance, and you could end up with higher or lower supply?

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• Artifacts when using SamplerState.LinearClamp in SpriteBatch

  - by Raymond Holmboe

  I'm using XNA 4.0 and VS2010 Express for Windows Phone and Windows Phone SDK 7.1. This is a platform game and I have a map made up of 16x16 textures that is drawn dynamically, tile by tile. When using SpriteBatch to draw my map with LinearClamp, I get artifacts that looks like blurry thin lines. They become visible when the camera moves from one pixel to another and when the camera is still, the artifacts disappear. Here's a small sample of what I mean: Here's how I draw with the spritebatch: SBWorld.Begin(SpriteSortMode.Deferred, BlendState.NonPremultiplied, SamplerState.LinearClamp, DepthStencilState.Default, RasterizerState.CullNone, null, camera.View); When using SamplerState.PointClamp the game just plays horribly (IMHO), so I cannot use that. Why do these lines appear and how do I get rid of those?

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• Making organic 2D tilemaps for tile based games...

  - by Codejoy

  So I have always wondered how one makes a nice (not so squarish) 2d tile map, is it possible? all games now days I think use textured polygons...but my game engine (and engine) doesn't support that to my knowledge. But it does support nice TMX files generated by mapeditor.org's Tiled Map Editor. Though in my game I want nice twisting and turning caverns to traverse ... I was wondering some ideas on such a process... is it in the art style? The type of tile engine? both? So what are some common techniques?

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• Direct3d - Code structure

  - by marcg11

  I'm learning directx in a master's degree and they taught us to have a GraphicsLayer class which is the one connecting with the direct3d library. That way this class is completly independent from the other classes (my game classes), meaning changing the renderer to OpenGL wouldn't require much effort but only changing the graphicLayer. This classe has it's LoadAssets, Paint methods, but I have a question, they told us to load all the assets inside this class. This means all these methods will be in the loadAssets method: D3DXCreateTextureFromFileEx(g_pD3DDevice,"tiles.png",0,0,1,0,D3DFMT_UNKNOWN,D3DPOOL_DEFAULT,D3DX_FILTER_NONE,D3DX_FILTER_NONE,NULL,NULL,NULL,&texTiles); // And more resources to load //... texTiles as you see is a LPDIRECT3DTEXTURE9 instance which is declared in the graphicLayer.h. So my question is, how do you manage all the resources? Do I have to declare in the .h all my game textures even if I'm not using them? How would you load only those resources there are in a scene and draw them in a code-strucured way?

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• Best Way To Develop Robust Cross-Platform Application?

  - by Clay

  Windows C programmer here (going back to 1992 and Windows95 back when it was called Windows93). Can function in C++, but mostly still a C programmer. Looking to build a cross-platform casual game. Very numbers heavy with only a few artistic embellishments and animations, so perhaps a development environment for business apps might be the best option. Or an easy-to-use 2D game dev platform. Target platforms: Windows, Mac, MS Tablet, iPhone, iPad, Android. I currently develop on Windows with Visual Studio 2012, but we could spend up to $50K on hardware/software/middleware if necessary. Not very competent getting open-source software working. Would rather pay the money and jump right into app development. Recommendations?

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• Long delays in Unity3D substance generation

  - by Josh Buhler

  Currently working on an iOS/Android project in Unity3d, and we're seeing some incredibly long times for generating substances between testing runs. We can run the game, but once we shut down the playback, Unity begins to re-import all off the substances built using Substance Designer. As we've got a lot of these in our game, it's starting to lead to 5 minute delays between testing runs just to test a small change. Any suggestions or parameters we should check that could possibly prevent Unity from needing to regenerate these substances every time? Shouldn't it be caching these things somewhere?

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• How to handle shoot instructions, in a multiplayer TD

  - by Martin Elvar Jensen

  I'm currently working on a Multiplayer Tower Defense game, using ImpactJS & Node. I seek some clarification about how to handle projectiles from towers, let me explain. So the server is running the master game, and the clients just follow the instruction from the server. Lets say there is about 20 towers on the stage, all needs instructions for which creeps to shoot at. Now lets say each towers fires twice in a second, that's 40 shots each second, (worst case scenario) which is 40 request per second to each client, would't this casue alot of stress to the server, saying that we have 50 games running the same time. So what i am really asking, is this method inefficient, and is there a smarter way to handle all these instructions. Thank you.

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• Ouya / Android : button mapping bitwise

  - by scorvi

  I am programming a game with the Gameplay3d Engine. But the Android site has no gamepad support and that is what I need to port my game to Ouya. So I implemented a simple gamepad support and it supports 2 gamepads. So my problem is that I put the button stats in a float array for every gamepad. But the Gameplay3d engine saves their stats in a unsigned int _buttons variable. It is set with bitwise operations and I have no clue how to translate my array to this.

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• multithreading problem with Nvidia PhysX

  - by xcrypt

  I'm having a multithreading problem with Nvidia PhysX. the SDK requires that you call Simulate() (starts computing new physics positions within a new thread) and FetchResults(waits 'till the physics computations are done). Inbetween Simulate() and FetchResults() you may not 'compute new physics' It is proposed (in a sample) that we create a game loop as such: Logic (you may calculate physics here and other stuff) Render + Simulate() at start of Render call and FetchResults at end of Render() call However, this has given me various little errors that stack up: since you actually render the scene that was computed in the previous iteration in the game loop. I wonder if there's a way around this? I've been trying and trying, but I can't think of a solution...

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• Engine Rendering pipeline : Making shaders generic

  - by fakhir

  I am trying to make a 2D game engine using OpenGL ES 2.0 (iOS for now). I've written Application layer in Objective C and a separate self contained RendererGLES20 in C++. No GL specific call is made outside the renderer. It is working perfectly. But I have some design issues when using shaders. Each shader has its own unique attributes and uniforms that need to be set just before the main draw call (glDrawArrays in this case). For instance, in order to draw some geometry I would do: void RendererGLES20::render(Model * model) { // Set a bunch of uniforms glUniformMatrix4fv(.......); // Enable specific attributes, can be many glEnableVertexAttribArray(......); // Set a bunch of vertex attribute pointers: glVertexAttribPointer(positionSlot, 2, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE, stride, m->pCoords); // Now actually Draw the geometry glDrawArrays(GL_TRIANGLES, 0, m->vertexCount); // After drawing, disable any vertex attributes: glDisableVertexAttribArray(.......); } As you can see this code is extremely rigid. If I were to use another shader, say ripple effect, i would be needing to pass extra uniforms, vertex attribs etc. In other words I would have to change the RendererGLES20 render source code just to incorporate the new shader. Is there any way to make the shader object totally generic? Like What if I just want to change the shader object and not worry about game source re-compiling? Any way to make the renderer agnostic of uniforms and attributes etc?. Even though we need to pass data to uniforms, what is the best place to do that? Model class? Is the model class aware of shader specific uniforms and attributes? Following shows Actor class: class Actor : public ISceneNode { ModelController * model; AIController * AI; }; Model controller class: class ModelController { class IShader * shader; int textureId; vec4 tint; float alpha; struct Vertex * vertexArray; }; Shader class just contains the shader object, compiling and linking sub-routines etc. In Game Logic class I am actually rendering the object: void GameLogic::update(float dt) { IRenderer * renderer = g_application->GetRenderer(); Actor * a = GetActor(id); renderer->render(a->model); } Please note that even though Actor extends ISceneNode, I haven't started implementing SceneGraph yet. I will do that as soon as I resolve this issue. Any ideas how to improve this? Related design patterns etc? Thank you for reading the question.

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• implementing match-making & community system for multiplayer games

  - by kamziro

  These days, games often have multiplayer portals with chat channels & match making system for the multiplayer aspects of the game. An example would be battle.net, magic the gathering online's chat rooms, halo etc. Now, for the rest of us indie gamers that probably won't be able to spend much development effort on creating those back-ends from scratch, what options do we have? I was thinking of something along the line of using IRC as the backbone of the system. From there, the "community" aspect and implement player tracking, game tracking and match making on top of that. It seems to be what the old battle.net (brood war era) used to be. The question is, is this easy to do? What does it take to run an irc server, and I suppose this also requires writing an IRC client (which seems to have been done a lot these days?)? If there are other ways as well (say, an open framework for this stuff), let's hear them too.

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• UDP Code client server architecture

  - by GameBuilder

  Hi I have developed a game on android.Now I want to play it on wifi or 3G. I have game packets which i want to send it form client(mobile) to server then to another client2(mobile). I don't know how to write code in Java to send the playPackets continuously to server and receive the playPacket continuously from the server to the clients. I guess i have to use two thread one for sending and one for receiving. Can someone help me with the code, or the procedure to write code for it. Thanks in advance.

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• How to design a character animation system?

  - by Andrea Benedetti

  I'm searching for suggestions and resources on the possible ways to design a character animation system. I mean a system built on top of the graphics engine (as graphics engine I use Ogre3D, that provide an animation layer), and in strict contact with the logic of the game. It's for a sports title, so the question is not easy. Edit: What I'm searching for are suggestions and resources about the action state mechines (or animation state machines), that is build on top of the animation pipeline already provided by the graphics engine. So, a state-driver animation interface for use by virtually all higher-level game code.

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• Farseer: How can I crush Mario? [on hold]

  - by Homer_Simpson

  I want that Mario dies if the box is crushing him. My game has a similar level like this level from New Super Mario Bros. Wii: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tYyu6tFAa2M At the beginning of the level, you see some boxes falling to the ground. If a box crushes Mario, he dies. I want to do exactly the same in my game, but I don't know how to do that in Farseer. How can I do that in Farseer 3.3.1? Do you have any suggestions? I don't know how to do the collision detection. I use rectangles for the boxes and ground in Farseer. Mario is a polygon.

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• Are there existing FOSS component-based frameworks?

  - by Tesserex

  The component based game programming paradigm is becoming much more popular. I was wondering, are there any projects out there that offer a reusable component framework? In any language, I guess I don't care about that. It's not for my own project, I'm just curious. Specifically I mean are there projects that include a base Entity class, a base Component class, and maybe some standard components? It would then be much easier starting a game if you didn't want to reinvent the wheel, or maybe you want a GraphicsComponent that does sprites with Direct3D, but you figure it's already been done a dozen times. A quick Googling turns up Rusher. Has anyone heard of this / does anyone use it? If there are no popular ones, then why not? Is it too difficult to make something like this reusable, and they need heavy customization? In my own implementation I found a lot of boilerplate that could be shoved into a framework.

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• Do Apple and Google ask for a share if custom payment is done in a free app?

  - by user1590354

  I have a multiplatform game (web/iOS/Android) in the making. In the free version the core game is still fully playable but people who choose to pay will get more social features (and no ads, of course). I was thinking that rather than having a free and a paid version for all the platforms I may release the apps just for free and if the users want more, they have to register and pay a one-time fee (through a payment gateway or PayPal). The extra content would then be available in all the clients they have access to. Theoretically, this means a better value for the players and less maintenance and headache for me (obviously I have to handle all the payment troubles myself). Does it fit into the business model of Apple/Google? Or will they still claim their share of the registration fee?

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• Is there a simpler way to create a borderless window with XNA 4.0?

  - by Cypher

  When looking into making my XNA game's window border-less, I found no properties or methods under Game.Window that would provide this, but I did find a window handle to the form. I was able to accomplish what I wanted by doing this: IntPtr hWnd = this.Window.Handle; var control = System.Windows.Forms.Control.FromHandle( hWnd ); var form = control.FindForm(); form.FormBorderStyle = System.Windows.Forms.FormBorderStyle.None; I don't know why but this feels like a dirty hack. Is there a built-in way to do this in XNA that I'm missing?

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• Embed Unity3D and load multiple games from a single app

  - by Rafael Steil

  Is is possible to export an entire unity3d project/game as an AssetBundle and load it on iOS/Android/Windows on an app that doesn't know anything about such game beforehand? What I have in mind is something like the web plugin does - it loads a series of .unity3d files over http, and render inline in the browser window. Is it even possible to do something closer for iOS/Android? I have read a lot of docs so far, but still can't be sure: http://floored.com/blog/2013/integrating-unity3d-within-ios-native-application.html http://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/LoadingResourcesatRuntime.html http://docs.unity3d.com/Manual/AssetBundlesIntro.html The code from the post at http://forum.unity3d.com/threads/112703-Override-Unity-Data-folder-path?p=749108&viewfull=1#post749108 works for Android, but how about iOS and other platforms?

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• Achieving more fluent movement

  - by Robin92

  I'm working on my first OpenGL 2D game and I've just locked the framerate of my game. However, the way objects move is far from satisfying: they tend to lag, which is shown in this video. I've thought how more fluent animation can be achieved and started getting segmentation faults due to accessing the same object by two different threads. I've tried the following threads' setting: Drawing, creating new objects Moving player, moving objects, deleting objects Currently my application uses this setting: Drawing, creating new objects, moving objects, deleting object Moving player Any ideas would be appreciated. EDIT: I've tried increasing the FPS limit but lags are noticeable even at 200 fps.

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• UDK ParticleSystem Problem

  - by EmAdpres

  I use below code to create my particles ( in fact, I don't know any other way.) spawnedParticleComponents = WorldInfo.MyEmitterPool.SpawnEmitter(ParticleSystem'ParticleName', Location, Rotator ); spawnedParticleComponents.setTranslation(newLocation); ... And unfortunately, I spawn many particles in game. When I play my game, after some time, I see Exceeded max active pooled emitters! Warning in console . To solve the problem, first, I tried spawnedParticleComponents.DeactivateSystem();, But it doesn't help. Then I try WorldInfo.MyEmitterPool.ClearPoolComponents(false);, But it doesn't either . :( How can I destroy many spawned particles and avoid this warning ?

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• How can I create and animate 2D skeletons for HTML5 Javascript games? [on hold]

  - by user414209

  I'm trying to make a 2D fighting game in HTML5(somewhat like street fighter). So basically there are two players, one AI and one Human. The players need to have animations for the body movements. Also, there needs to be some collision detection system. I'm using createjs for coding but to design models/objects/animations, I need some other software. So I'm looking for a software that can: easily make custom animation of 2d objects. The objects structure(skeleton etc.) will be same once defined but need to be defined once. Can export the animations and models in a js readable format(preferably json) Collision detection can be done easily after the exported format is loaded in a game engine. For point 1, I'm looking for some generic skeleton based animation. Sprite-sheet based animations will be difficult for collision detection.

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• Unity Frustum Culling Issue

  - by N0xus

  I'm creating a game that utilizes off center projection. I've got my game set up in a CAVE being rendered in a cluster, over 8 PC's with 4 of these PC's being used for each eye (this creates a stereoscopic effect). To help with alignment in the CAVE I've implemented an off center projection class. This class simply tells the camera what its top left, bottom left & bottom right corners are. From here, it creates a new projection matrix showing the the player the left and right of their world. However, inside Unity's editor, the camera is still facing forwards and, as a result the culling inside Unity isn't rendering half of the image that appears on the left and right screens. Does anyone know of a way to to either turn off the culling in Unity, or find a way to fix the projection matrix issue?

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• How to decide how much to charge for development?

  - by rik

  So two other friends and I are a very small game dev studio. So far we haven't released a game but we have 2 games almost ready to launch. A bigger studio saw our work and now they want to work with us; they need people to develop mobile games for them (iOS, Android). They want us to set the price for the projects (can't tell the specifics we signed a NDA). They will give us all the assets (graphics/sound) so we only have to code. And because they only work with Unity3D we have to learn it. How do we decide how much to charge for the projects?

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• How can I make my main character move in a parabolic arc when jumping?

  - by user1276078

  I'm entering Android game development, and I already have a computer version of a game I want to publish. The thing is, I want to make this as good as it can be. With that said, I need a physics engine, really to only do one thing: make a parabolic movement of my main character as he's jumping in the air. Currently, my computer version simply makes the guy move up at a 45 degree angle, and as soon as it hits the ceiling, down at a 45 degree angle. I need a physics engine/library that would accomplish that, it has to be in java since that's my best language, it has to be 2D, and it has to be able to work on Android. Which physics engine/library could accomplish all of that?

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• Pathfinding for fleeing

  - by Philipp

  As you know there are plenty of solutions when you wand to find the best path in a 2-dimensional environment which leads from point A to point B. But how do I calculate a path when an object is at point A, and wants to get away from point B, as fast and far as possible? A bit of background information: My game uses a 2d environment which isn't tile-based but has floating point accuracy. The movement is vector-based. The pathfinding is done by partitioning the game world into rectangles which are walkable or non-walkable and building a graph out of their corners. I already have pathfinding between points working by using Dijkstras algorithm. The use-case for the fleeing algorithm is that in certain situations, actors in my game should perceive another actor as a danger and flee from it. The trivial solution would be to just move the actor in a vector in the direction which is opposite from the threat until a "safe" distance was reached or the actor reaches a wall where it then covers in fear. The problem with this approach is that actors will be blocked by small obstacles they could easily get around. As long as moving along the wall wouldn't bring them closer to the threat they could do that, but it would look smarter when they would avoid obstacles in the first place: Another problem I see is with dead ends in the map geometry. In some situations a being must choose between a path which gets it faster away now but ends in a dead end where it would be trapped, or another path which would mean that it wouldn't get that far away from the danger at first (or even a bit closer) but on the other hand would have a much greater long-term reward in that it would eventually get them much further away. So the short-term reward of getting away fast must be somehow valued against the long-term reward of getting away far. There is also another rating problem for situations where an actor should accept to move closer to a minor threat to get away from a much larger threat. But completely ignoring all minor threats would be foolish, too (that's why the actor in this graphic goes out of its way to avoid the minor threat in the upper right area): Are there any standard solutions for this problem?

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