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• squid bypass for a domain

  - by krisdigitx

  i am using squid with adzap, it possible that squid/adzap does not cache for a particluar domain eg. cnn.com this is my squid.conf file # # Recommended minimum configuration: # acl manager proto cache_object acl localhost src 127.0.0.1/32 #acl localhost src ::1/128 acl to_localhost dst 127.0.0.0/8 0.0.0.0/32 #acl to_localhost dst ::1/128 # Example rule allowing access from your local networks. # Adapt to list your (internal) IP networks from where browsing # should be allowed acl localnet src 192.168.1.0/24 acl localnet src 192.168.2.0/24 acl SSL_ports port 443 acl Safe_ports port 80 # http acl Safe_ports port 21 # ftp acl Safe_ports port 443 # https acl Safe_ports port 70 # gopher acl Safe_ports port 210 # wais acl Safe_ports port 1025-65535 # unregistered ports acl Safe_ports port 280 # http-mgmt acl Safe_ports port 488 # gss-http acl Safe_ports port 591 # filemaker acl Safe_ports port 777 # multiling http acl CONNECT method CONNECT # # Recommended minimum Access Permission configuration: # # Only allow cachemgr access from localhost http_access allow manager localhost http_access deny manager # Deny requests to certain unsafe ports http_access deny !Safe_ports # Deny CONNECT to other than secure SSL ports http_access deny CONNECT !SSL_ports # We strongly recommend the following be uncommented to protect innocent # web applications running on the proxy server who think the only # one who can access services on "localhost" is a local user #http_access deny to_localhost # # INSERT YOUR OWN RULE(S) HERE TO ALLOW ACCESS FROM YOUR CLIENTS # # Example rule allowing access from your local networks. # Adapt localnet in the ACL section to list your (internal) IP networks # from where browsing should be allowed http_access allow localnet http_access allow localhost # And finally deny all other access to this proxy http_access deny all # Squid normally listens to port 3128 http_port xxx.xxx.xxx.yyy:3128 transparent visible_hostname proxyserver.local # We recommend you to use at least the following line. hierarchy_stoplist cgi-bin ? # Uncomment and adjust the following to add a disk cache directory. cache_dir ufs /var/spool/squid 1024 16 256 # Leave coredumps in the first cache dir coredump_dir /var/spool/squid # Add any of your own refresh_pattern entries above these. refresh_pattern ^ftp: 1440 20% 10080 refresh_pattern ^gopher: 1440 0% 1440 refresh_pattern -i (/cgi-bin/|\?) 0 0% 0 refresh_pattern . 0 20% 4320 access_log /var/log/squid/squid.log squid access_log syslog squid redirect_program /usr/local/adzap/scripts/wrapzap fixed using acl allow_domains dstdomain www.cnn.com always_direct allow allow_domains

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• Best way to build / implement a corporate developer Linux distro with multiple kernels?

  - by Garen

  At work we have Linux users who understandably prefer using Ubuntu. Problem is, we also have developer tools that only work with 'officially' supported Linux distributions that use much older 2.6.18 based kernels. (And even if they worked with newer ones, the vendors could always say they won't "support" the software unless it's on one of their 'officially' supported platforms.) We could of course just tell them to use CentOS or something else 2.6.18-based, and I'm sure their response would be something like: "you can take Ubuntu from our cold, dead hands." :) Which brings to me some questions--is there any good/easy/recommended way to run something like Ubuntu as a host VM and Centos 5.x as a guest OS (with which system--Xen,KVM,VMWare, ...?), and then roll that into our own custom internal distribution that could be easily installed? KVM looks like a good high-performance option just recently included in RHEL 5.4, but if hardware support for virtualization like Intel-VT or AMD-V is necessary, then I'd guess only those folks with fairly new PCs will be able to do it. Would be very interested to hear how anyone else has addressed this kind issue. EDIT: The target audience / users of this kind of system would be developers, each one needs to run locally licensed commercial software, so building out some separate beefy central machines isn't an option unfortunately due to license restrictions. Even if that weren't the case, a couple developers could quickly eat up the resources with parallel builds. :) Ideally, I was hoping there was some step-by-step guide out there to build your own pre-built distribution that had e.g. CentOS 5.x and Ubuntu Desktop as a guest.

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• Technology mash: is this possible?

  - by Jon Story

  I'm in the process of setting up my own DNS+hosting on a couple of VPS and my home machines, mostly for academic/learning purposes, but also for convenient accessing of my files, hosting my personal websites, private git repositories etc. I've got a main web server with DNS, and a slave DNS server. I've also got a couple of machines at home doing file hosting, video streaming and all that fun stuff. I'm intending to use my VPS's to provide myself with a dynamic DNS system so that I can point mydomain.com at my DNS servers, with home.mydomain.com going into my home network via a raspberry pi. HOWEVER.... I've not got access to the network infrastructure at home (rented accommodation with managed internet), so I can't forward the ports on the router to my own machines. As such, I'm wondering if it's possible to route all the traffic via an SSH/HTTP tunnel through one of the VPS? My plan is to have the raspberry pi provide a VPN into my home network. The raspberry pi uses SSH to connect to the VPS, and the VPS forwards any traffic to home.mydomain.com via the tunnel to the raspberry pi. Is this even possible, and how do I go about it? I don't mind getting my hands dirty with coding and low level tools, I'm just not sure where to start or what the best way to go about it is.

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• Partitioning & Linux

  - by Zac

  Every tutorial on Linux-based partitioning schemes (or, just partitioning in general) will tell you that a PC can have either 4 primary partitions, or 3 primaries and 1 extended. They will all also tell you that Linux (in my case, Ubuntu) can be installed on either. It's also come to my attention that it is not too atypical for FHS directories, such as usr/, tmp/, etc/, home/ or var/ to be mounted separately on other partitions. Several questions I am unable to find the answers to, purely for my own edification: (1) By "PC", are we really talking about common PC disk types, like IDE or SATA? I guess I'm wondering why PC uses are limited to 4 primaries or 3 primaries + 1 extended (2) I'm choking on some basic OS concepts: it is said that a partition can be mounted by a file system or an OS. So I assume this means I can somehow instruct Ubuntu to mount to 1 partition, and then any part of, say, ReiserFS, to be mounted to another partition? How? (3)(a) What about creating swap partitions? Is there too much of a good thing with swap partitioning? If I have 4GB RAM over 320GB disk, what should my swap partition size be, and why? (3)(b) Are swap files the only way to create swap partitions? Wouldn't a Linux partitioning utility allow me to define a partition as being for virtual memory only? (4) Why are partitions limited to being "mounted" by just OSes and file systems? Why couldn't I write a program to take up its own, say, 512 MB partition, and then have it invoked or uses by an OS installed on another partition? Thanks for shedding any light here... not critical that I know this stuff, but it's got me thinking incessantly. And when I think incessantly, I...can't......sleep....

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• How can I store logs and meet compliance requirements for free?

  - by Martin

  I am trying to keep long-term logs of an app in such a way, that it could plausibly demonstrated to third parties/court that the application has processed certain data at a given time. The data can be represented in XML or text format. A simple gzipped log is not plausible, as I may have added or modified data afterwards, whereas an external logging service would be an overkill. Cost is an issue, we are not dealing with financial data or so, but rather some simple user generated content, where some malicious users tried to blame the operator in the past when things escalated and went to court. My question: Is there some kind of signing software for Linux that signs each element of a log in such a way, that it can be easily shown that no element can be added or modified afterwards? Plug-Ins into some free Splunk Alternatives would be fine too. Ideally the software I am looking for should be under a GPL or similar license. I could probably achive something like this by using PGP/GPG sgning functions and including the previous elements signituares within the following element, but I would prefer to use some program where you do not have to argue about the validity of your own code. Note to mods: I am not asking this question on Stackoverflow, because I am not looking for writing own code for reasons described above. I think this question rather fits into serverfault than superuser, as server-side logging software is discussed rather here than on superuser.

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• How to configure a large mtu (linux)

  - by Somejan

  I have a gigabit ethernet connection from my laptop to my router, and a working ipv6 connection to the internet. I can receive very large packets from sites on the internet, with sizes up to at least 10000 bytes (according to wireshark). (edit: turns out to be linux's 'generic receive offload') However, when trying to send anything, my local computer fragments at just below 1500 bytes for ipv6. (On ipv4, I can send tcp packets to the internet of at least 1514 bytes, I can ping with packets up to the configured mtu of 6128 but they are blackholed.) I'm on ubuntu 12.04. I have configured an mtu for my eth0 of 6128 (the maximum it accepts), both using ip link set dev eth0 mtu 6128 and in the NetworkManager applet gui, and restarted the connection. ip link show eth0 shows the 6128 mtu is indeed set. ip -6 route shows that none of the paths the kernel knows about have an mtu set. I can ping over ipv4 with packets up to 6128 bytes (though I don't get responses), but when I do ping6 myrouter -c3 -s1500 -Mdo I get error replies from my own computer saying that the packets are too large and the mtu is 1480. I have confirmed with Wireshark that nothing is put on the wire, and the replies are indeed generated by my own computer. So, how do I get my computer to use the larger mtu?

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• Create a PDF that defaults to flip on short edge when printed double-sided

  - by user568458

  We're creating a 2-page PDF brochure with a target audience who will print it on their regular office or home printers. If it is printed on a double-sided printer (common in offices), it'll come out correctly if set manually by the user to "Flip on short edge", but will come out with the second page upside down if default settings are used (flip on long edge). Our target audience aren't very tech-literate, and we've found that even within our own office network there is variation in the location of the 'Flip on short edge' setting - so it isn't realistic to give everyone who downloads the PDF instructions on how to change this setting or to expect everyone to find out how to change the setting off their own backs. So, when creating a PDF (ideally using Adobe InDesign or Acrobat, but if other software or hacking is needed that's fine...), is there a way to configure the PDF file itself so that when printed double-sided with default settings, it flips on the short edge? If possible, it'll be useful supplementary info to know how reliable any such methods are across different PDF readers (e.g. Adobe Reader, Acrobat, Mac Preview, inbuilt browser readers (e.g. chrome), FoxIt, etc). If questions about content creation like this aren't a great fit here, feel free to migrate it to the graphic design stackexchange site - this question seems to fall half way between the two sites

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• Trying to communicate between virtual servers on the same host through ipv6

  - by Daniele Testa

  I am running KVM on a host with 2 virtual servers. Each virtual server has a own bridge interface on the host VPS1 has br1 VPS2 has br2 Each virtual server has a own ipv4 and a ipv6. The virtual servers has no problem communicating with internet or with eachother through ipv4. However, with ipv6, they can only communicate with internet and NOT with eachother. The host can ping the 2 virtual servers without any problems, but they cannot ping eachother. iptables has been set to ACCEPT on all chains, so it is not the problem. VPS1 has ipv6 = 2a01:4f8:xxx:xxx::10 VPS2 has ipv6 = 2a01:4f8:xxx:xxx::5 the host has the following routes set: ip route add 2a01:4f8:xxx:xxx::10 dev br1 ip route add 2a01:4f8:xxx:xxx::5 dev br2 When I do a ping from VPS2 to VPS1, I see the following on the host: tcpdump -i br1 15:32:27.704404 IP6 2a01:4f8:xxx:xxx::10 > ff02::1:ff00:5: ICMP6, neighbor solicitation, who has 2a01:4f8:xxx:xxx::5, length 32 So it seems like the host is seeing the request coming from VPS1 on br1. But for some reason, it does not forward it to br2. Instead it is asking where the destination IP is through ipv6 multicast. Anyone has a clue what is going on? I find this very strange, as it is working fine with ipv4 with the exact same settings and routes.

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• Regarding partitions for dual-booting Ubuntu with pre-existing Windows 7

  - by Shasteriskt

  I have zero actual experience with configuring disk partitions and the stuff I have read for the past few hours have been confusing me a bit, so please bear with me. First of all, I'd like to explain what I'm setting to achieve: Windows 7 with: C:\ Windows 7 (pre-existing installation) D:\ Data (Already exists and has files already) Ubuntu 11 - Does not exist yet, but I already have a LiveCD in hand. \root directory for Ubuntu \home on its own partition I plan \swap on its own partition with around 8GB Here is the current situation: I have a single 500 GB hard-disk with Windows 7 x64 installed, and the current partition schemes is as follows: System Reserved: 100 MB (Primary, Active) C: 100 GB - Where Windows 7 is installed (Primary) D: 365 GB - Where my files are located, LOTS of free space (Primary) Now, I would like to shrink my D: drive and create around 40 GB of unallocated disk space for the Ubuntu installation, but here what's confusing me a bit: I'm thinking I would create an extended partition and subdivide it into 3 logical partitions for the Ubuntu setup I had in mind. (If you think my setup is a bad idea, please let me know & why. I also hope you can suggest a better one...) I am aware that I can only have up to 4 primary partitions, or 3 primary partitions with 1 extended parition max. Now, does the System Recovery portion count as one primary partition? I'm really new to these things and it is totally unclear to me. In shrinking my D: drive using Windows 7's Disk Management tool, I would get an unallocated free space which I don't know how to make an extended partition from. It seems like I can only create a primary partition from it, not an extended one. How do I go about it? (I'd also like to note, if it is of any importance, that I am trying to avoid using the option to install Ubuntu alongside Windows, and much rather prefer using the custom install where I can specify which drives I wish to use and stuff. Somehow I feel its safer that way.)

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• Configure linux machine as bridge/switch and end device

  - by leemes

  At my home, I have two desktop PCs in two rooms. The router / DSL modem is in one of these rooms. Now I want to configure a home server (having 2 LAN ports, running 24/7) in the corridor between the two rooms, using only one LAN cable at each door. This gives me the following physical configuration: (door) (door) .----/-/----. .-----/-/----------._ FritzBox | | | .----´´ DSL Router PC1 Server | PC2 As just said, the server has 2 network interfaces and is running Ubuntu. What I need now is a network configuration which enables both the server and PC1 to connect to the router. I think the server needs to serve as a bridge or switch. Currently, all computers are configured having static IP addresses. If I'm understanding it correctly, a bridge / switch doesn't have its own IP address, but as the server needs to be configured as an own end device, it needs to have one. My first question is, do I have to configure both interfaces separately, giving both the same static IP address? My next question is, how do I bridge the two physical networks into one? I have basic understanding (but am always confused again and again) of bridges and switches, but I don't know how to configure it in software. I only know that it's possible to do so :) The third question is: Is it possible to configure this in a way that network packets from/to PC1 to/from the router only go through hardware or only consume low CPU in the server? Can you help me? Thanks in advance!

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• IIS 7, FastCGI, PHP and custom php.ini files

  - by Marlon

  I'm running PHP 5.3, FastCGI, and IIS 7 on Windows Server 2008. I have a site which I would like to configure its own php.ini settings for but things aren't working as expected. I am following the tutorial located here. This is what I have done so far: 1) Configured a new website with it's own AppPool. 2) Selected PHP 5.3.6 from the PHP Manager available on the website home on IIS (not the web server home which sets the global version of PHP) 3) Added the following lines to the section of the applicationHost.config file located at system32/inetsrv/config <application fullPath="C:\Program Files (x86)\PHP\v5.3\php-cgi.exe" arguments="-d open_basedir=C:\inetpub\wwwroot\kickasswebsite.com" maxInstances="4" idleTimeout="300" activityTimeout="30" requestTimeout="90" instanceMaxRequests="200" protocol="NamedPipe" queueLength="1000" flushNamedPipe="false" rapidFailsPerMinute="10"> <environmentVariables> <environmentVariable name="PHPRC" value="c:\inetpub\wwwroot\kickasswebsite.com" /> </environmentVariables> </application> 4) I then create a php.ini file located in C:\inetpub\wwwroot\kickasswebsite.com (the location of the root of the website) register_globals = on 5) I then run test.php which simply outputs everything the method call to phpinfo() returns. At this point, I observe that the global setting for register_globals = off (as it should be), but the local setting for register_globals = off, even though I specified it differently in the php.ini file I created at the root of the site. Furthermore, I see these settings in the output of the php.ini Configuration File (php.ini) Path C:\Windows Loaded Configuration File C:\Program Files (x86)\PHP\v5.3\php.ini Scan this dir for additional .ini files (none) Additional .ini files parsed (none) What am I messing up on, or is there a different way to go about this?

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• Gmail won't forward mail sent to myself.

  - by BHare

  I own a dedicated server with a domain, we'll say foobar.com. I use google apps to manage my email SMTP servers. Now I don't check two gmail inboxes. I have my own personal one, and then I have foobar.com's inbox from google apps. Naturally the easiest thing to do is just have all foobar's emails forwarded to my personal one. So then I am only checking 1 inbox. This is all fine and dandy. I use MSMTP that with a wrapper that uses /etc/aliases. I have it set so any mail attempting to go to root (Things from cron, etc) will go to [email protected]. So when google app's (foobar.com) gets an email from the email I have setup with it ([email protected]), it automatically doesn't forward the message. This is a "feature" to gmail/google apps I suppose. How do I get around it? workarounds? etc. I could just have my alias set to my personal email but I wanted a place to have all foobar related emails archived in one place (googleapps).

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• SSH does not allow the use of a key with group readable permissions

  - by scjr

  I have a development git server that deploys to a live server when the live branch is pushed to. Every user has their own login and therefore the post-receive hook which does the live deployment is run under their own user. Because I don't want to have to maintain the users public keys as authorized keys on the remote live server I have made up a set of keys that 'belong's to the git system to add to remote live servers (In the post-receive hook I am using $GIT_SSH to set the private key with the -i option). My problem is that because of all the users might want to deploy to live, the git system's private key has to be at least group readable and SSH really doesn't like this. Here's a sample of the error: XXXX@XXXX /srv/git/identity % ssh -i id_rsa XXXXX@XXXXX @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ @ WARNING: UNPROTECTED PRIVATE KEY FILE! @ @@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@@ Permissions 0640 for 'id_rsa' are too open. It is required that your private key files are NOT accessible by others. This private key will be ignored. bad permissions: ignore key: id_rsa I've looked around expecting to find something in the way of forcing ssh to just go through with the connection but I've found nothing but people blindly saying that you just shouldn't allow access to anything but a single user.

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• How does Subnetting Work?

  - by Kyle Brandt

  How does Subnetting Work, and How do you do it by hand or in your head? Can someone explain both conceptually and with several examples? Server Fault gets lots of subnetting homework questions, so we could use an answer to point them to on Server Fault itself. What is classless routing and why is class-based routing obsolete? If I have a network, how do I figure out how to split it up? If I am given a netmask, how do I know what the network Range is for it? Sometimes there is a slash followed by a number, what is that number? Sometimes there is a subnet mask, but also a wildcard mask, they seem like the same thing but they are different? Someone mentioned something about knowing binary for this? What is NAT (Network Address Translation). Not looking for links to other sites (unless maybe you have one post with a bunch of good ones). I already know how to subnet, I just thought it would be nice if Server Fault had a generic subnetting answer.

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• How to turn off Windows Azure's "This copy of Windows is not genuine" message?

  - by Sid

  Is there any setting/configuration item to avoid Windows Azure from printing that error on the screen or detecting it? I've put a screenshot below that shows the message when you RDP into the web role. My web role runs on Windows Azure Guest OS 1.17 (variant of Windows Server 2008 SP2) Background: I was explaining our architecture to some outside engineers (NDA'd and all) and had to demystify the webrole as they were unfamiliar with Azure. I RDP'd into the VMs running the Web Role when one of their engineers gasped "are you guys running pirated copies of Windows in the cloud?" I also noticed that within the RDP screen, the Azure machines had "This copy of Windows is not genuine" on the bottom left corner. Now obviously, Microsoft is running their own OS in their own datacenter with no influence from me. So no 'piracy' here, despite that obvious warning. However, they seemed so distracted by this ("how can it be? really? hmmm?") that we wasted more time talking about it than the actual matter at work. Like I said, they have little exposure to Azure but have value add elsewhere. I want to get rid of this so I don't have to explain this in the future. PS Microsoft: If you're going to modify Windows Server <XYZ> into Windows Azure <A.B> , you should also modify the code that verifies product integrity.

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• CPU not working on a specific motherboard

  - by Shaman

  I'm making a computer for someone and I met a weird problem. The CPU that I have doesn't work on this motherboard. The CPU is an Intel Pentium D 925 and the motherboard is an ECS G41T-M6, which in theory should work together. The only thing reused is the power source(400W). When I start the computer, the fans start, and that's it. The BIOS doesn't boot. I tried my own power source (600W Corsair) and nothing. Removed the RAM, no warning. In desperation I tried the last thing, swaped my own CPU with this one (Core2Duo E7200). Lo and behold, it worked. Both. The Core2Duo worked on the ECS with the old power source and the RAM that I used in the first place, and the Pentium D worked on my Gigabyte G31M-ES2L. What I discovered was that the Pentium D didn't receive power on the ECS, because I tried running it without the cooler and it remained at room temperature. On a side note, I also removed the HDDs just in case. So, in conclusion, any ideas? I can't return it, and I can still use it to upgrade another PC, but I would really prefer not to buy another CPU if possible.

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• need some help figuring out clamav & monit monitoring error...unixsocket...

  - by Ronedog

  I need a bit of help figuring something out. First off, I'm not very well versed with FreeBSD servers, etc. but with some direction hopefully I can get this fixed. I'm using FreeBSD and installed Monit so I could monitor some of the processes that run tomcat, apache, mysql, sendmail, clamav. So far, I'm only successful in getting apache & mysql to be monitored. I'm getting this error for clamav in the log file for /var/log/monit.log 'clamavd' failed, cannot open a connection to UNIX[/usr/local/etc/rc.d/clamav-clamd] My config file for clamav in /etc/monitrc is: #################################################################### # CLAMAV Virus Checks #################################################################### check process clamavd with pidfile /var/run/clamav/clamd.pid group virus start program = "/usr/local/etc/rc.d/clamav-clamd start" stop program = "/usr/local/etc/rc.d/clamav-clamd stop" if failed unixsocket /usr/local/etc/rc.d/clamav-clamd then restart if 5 restarts within 5 cycles then timeout Honestly, I really don't know much of what's going on here. My host who helped me get the box set up basically installed clamav, but doesn't offer this kind of detail in supporting me, so I'm left to figure this stuff out on my own as I own the box, but they provide the isp service. Is there anyone who can help me troubleshoot this? Thanks for your help in advance.

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• MongoDB on 128mb 32-bit VPS (plus Tornado and Redis)

  - by apito

  i am curious about how mongodb will perform in a limited vps. specifically, i'll deploy this configuration on 32-bit ubuntu 9.04 server with 128Mb memory (UPDATE: now i'm considering 360mb too). nginx and redis three instances of tornado apps (one is for mobile site; limited app, not my primary audience); has around 8 Collections. social webapp for my community. mongodb all beside mongodb seems to have small footprint. memory-mapping-wise, i dont know how mongodb will behave. i know it's a little bit a stretch to use this kind of config on a tiny vps, but that's what i can afford for now. i expect to have.. hmm.. maybe ~50 15rps. i did my homework doing a lot of frontend optimizations and yslow says grade A 91 (ruleset V2) :-) anyone willing to share experiences? eg. how big the data set size when mongo hit the ceiling, performance when mongo do a lot of disk IO, etc. thanks. UPDATE: this is my pet project. i'll get back to you when i have next spare time to do same httperf in a vbox with exact spec. suggestion how to do stress testing welcomed. i'm new to this kind of stuff.

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• SPF for two different outgoing servers?

  - by Marcus

  I have ran into a problem that I think someone should have a really clever answer for. Today we have our own mailserver that looks like "mail.domain.com" – which we use to send out mail to our customers (with a modified PHPMailer script). Usually around 5000 mails every day. Everything from customer support to invoices goes through there. The from-header is set to "[email protected]". We are now thinking of migrating to Google Apps for internal use (with 70+ users). However, we cannot use Gmails SMTP for sending "bulk" mails (they have a limit of 500 outgoing mails per day) so we really want to keep using our current system for sending automated mail to our customers – and using gmails SMTP for our internal use. So, how do we set up our SPF-records (Sender Policy Framework) for this? We do not want to get stuck in any filters for "spoofing" the sender from either type of account (the ones sent from our own server, and through Gmails). In short: we want to be able to use the same e-mail adress (for sending) on two different SMTP servers (and therefore two different IP-adresses). Anyone with a good knowledge off SPF who knows how to go about? Or if it is even possible? Anything else I should think of when switching to Google Apps?

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• Looking for easiest, most simple solution to run a customised DNS Server for my local network on Windows 7.

  - by Jamie G

  I need to forward some websites, such as http://testing.server/ to an fixed IP address on my local network. I can do this easily on one computer using the hosts file. However, I need this to work for all machines on my network. I think the best way to do this will be to setup my own DNS Servers and add the custom DNS settings there. However, I'm looking for the simplest way possible to do this - I really don't want to spend hours setting up Unix Servers and running tricky terminal based scripts just to do this! My server is a standard Windows 7 machine. My dream would be a nice simple windows program with a GUI where I could input my ISP's DNS server and it would use those records, unless I had specifically set up my own DNS for a domain to use instead. If it had a web based admin system that was accessible from another computer on the network that would be even better. Does anyone know of anything that can do this? Many thanks indeed.

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• Preventing endless forwarding with two routers

  - by jarmund

  The network in quesiton looks basically like this: /----Inet1 / H1---[111.0/24]---GW1---[99.0/24] \----GW2-----Inet2 Device explaination H1: Host with IP 192.168.111.47 GW1: Linux box with IPs 192.168.111.1 and 192.168.99.2, as well as its own route to the internet. GW2: Generic wireless router with IP 192.168.99.1 and its own route to the internet. Inet1 & Inet2: Two possible routes to the internet In short: H has more than one possible route to the internet. H is supposed to only access the internet via GW2 when that link is up, so GW1 has some policy based routing special just for H1: ip rule add from 192.168.111.47 table 991 ip route add default via 192.168.99.1 table 991 While this works as long as GW2 has a direct link to the internet, the problem occurs when that link is down. What then happens is that GW2 forwards the packet back to GW1, which again forwards back to GW2, creating an endless loop of TCP-pingpong. The preferred result would be that the packet was just dropped. Is there something that can be done with iptables on GW1 to prevent this? Basically, an iptables-friendly version of "If packet comes from GW2, but originated from H1, drop it" Note1: It is preferable not to change anything on GW2. Note2: H1 needs to be able to talk to both GW1 and GW2, and vice versa, but only GW2 should lead to the internet TLDR; H1 should only be allowed internet access via GW2, but still needs to be able to talk to both GW1 and GW2. EDIT: The interfaces for GW1 are br0.105 for the '99' network, and br0.111 for the '111' network. The sollution may or may not be obnoxiously simple, but i have not been able to produce the proper iptables syntax myself, so help would be most appreciated. PS: This is a follow-up question from this question

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• Dual Boot Installing Ubuntu 12.04 with Windows 7 (64) on a non UEFI system fails

  - by Randnum

  I cannot seem to install the correct boot loader for a non-UEFI firmware system. I'm trying to install Ubuntu 12.04 and Windows 7 (64) which are technically compatible with GPT but for windows only if the firmware is UEFI enabled. My system uses the old BIOS system and does not support UEFI. Therefore, whenever I finish my Ubuntu install and try to install Windows I get a "cannot install to GPT partition type" error. Even if I use Gparted to format a special NTFS file format for windows it can't handle the GPT partition style because it doesn't have UEFI. But my ubuntu install always forces GPT during installation and never asks if I want to install the old BIOS style MBR instead. How do I resolve this? Both OS's will install fine on their own the problem is when I try to install the second OS it doesn't recognize any of the other's partitions and tries to rewrite it's own on top of the other. I've tried both OS's first and always run into the same problem. Since there is no way to make Windows recognize GPT without upgrading my Motherboard how do I tell Ubuntu to use the old BIOS MBR on install? Do I have to download a special Ubuntu with a specific grub version? or should I manaually configure my partition somehow to force it not to use GPT? Thank you,

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• Is there a way to have "default" or "placeholder" values in Excel?

  - by Iszi

  I've got a spreadsheet with cells that I want to be user-editable, but that I also want to have "default" or "placeholder" values in, whenever there is no user-entered data. There's a couple good use cases for this: Prevent formula errors, while providing reasonable assumptions when a user has not entered (or has deleted) their own value. I could use conditional formatting to alert the user to default values, so as to prevent their ignorance of them - they can then make an informed choice as to whether that value is still appropriate or not for the intended calculations. Give a short description of what is intended to be entered in the cell, without having to have a separate "instructions" segment or document. This would also eliminate the need for a nearby "Label" cell, in some cases where it's really not appropriate. To accomplish what I want, I need some formula, script, or other advanced spreadsheet option that will do the following: Show the default value in the cell before user enters data. Allow the default value to be found by any formulas referencing the cell, when there is no user-entered data in that cell. Allow the user to freely (naturally, exactly as they would do with any "normal" cell) overwrite the displayed value with their own value or formula, and have the user-entered data found by any formulas referencing the cell. When cell is blanked by deletion of user input, revert to default value. Is there a way to do this in Excel, or am I asking too much of a spreadsheet program here?

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• Troubles with apache and virtual hosts

  - by xZero

  I have a BIG problem. I have VPS with Debian OS, and LAMP installed. Fresh install. For control panel i using Webmin. Now i trying to setup multiple sub-domains on my server using webmin for example: downloads.my-domain.com cpanel.my-domains.com forum.my-domains.com But problem what is happening is next, while i using no virtual hosts, everything works perfectly when i accessing it using my-domain.com, but when i add Virtual host, i cann access it but my-domain.com becomes unavilable because it redirects to virtual hosts i added. When i add more than 2 virtual hosts, problem is still here. Also, when i try to access to virtual server for example downloads.my-domain.com, it redirects again to cpanel.my-domains.com When i delete virtual hosts, access to my-domain.com is succesfull... What i known: - That is not problem with my domain provider. I correctly added subdomains and added host record to my VPS IP. - I added unique name to every single virtual host. - There are no two same virtual hosts - Every virtaul hosts have own directory: for example: downloads.my-domain.com have own WWW dir: /var/downloads Can somebody help me? Thanks.

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• Looking for issue tracker software for residential property management

  - by Rob

  This question is about a computer software (as per SU guidelines) application for centrally tracking issues concerning the management of a residental block of flats (apartments as they say in the US and France). Issues are incidents - and their resultant unplanned maintenance to address them, also planned one-off maintenance and also regular planned routine maintenance. I live in a block of flats (apartments), and along with other residents, are looking to more closely watch over issues with the communal, shared areas of the premises (corridors, courtyards, stairs, lifts, lights, trash/bin shed, bike stands, parking areas etc) and their maintenance, currently done by a property management company. Our own homes are our own affair internally, its the outside communal areas that I have the interest. The aim being to control costs and possibly reduce them, by proactively managing the property using historical data to predict issues and also to scrutinise maintenance charges against such data to ensure that the costs are as expected. Trending could also be established whereby recurrences of things can be detected and pre-empted to reduce costs. As a software professional, I'm aware of Bugzilla, eventum being free tools for software - which could be customised to fit this application, but wondered if there was something more appropriate. It might be useful for such software to be on a web server, with secure access, so that residents can log in and view the issues.

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