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  • PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA1

    - by Jason
    To generate a valid pairwise master key for a WPA2 network a router uses the PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA1 algorithm. I understand that the sha1 function is performed 4096 times to derive the PMK, however I have two questions about the process. Excuse the pseudo code. 1) How is the input to the first instance of the SHA1 function formatted? SHA1("network_name"+"network_name_length"+"network_password") Is it formatted in that order, is it the hex value of the network name, length and password or straight ASCII? Then from what I gather the 160 bit digest received is fed straight into another round of hashing without any additional salting. Like this: SHA1("160bit digest from last round of hashing") Rise and repeat. 2) Once this occurs 4096 times 256 bits of the output is used as the pairwise master key. What I don't understand is that if SHA1 produces 160bit output, how does the algorithm arrive at the 256bits required for a key? Thanks for the help.

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  • What is the best package repository for Debian ?

    - by Dan Sosedoff
    Hello everybody I have a question regarding packages repository in Debian (Lenny). A new server at rackspace cloud service comes with nothing (plain system) so i had to upgrade system and install all necessary packages by myself. But the problem is that default repositories does not provide newer versions of software i need (PHP is 5.2.6, comparing to 5.2.13). In CentOS i used to get all new packages from third-party sources, which works really well till now. I have talked to guys from rackspace about it and looks like they cant provide anything except kernel headers. And i dont really want to build from source. So, whats the way to get newer software ? Any good third party sources? Thanks.

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  • how can I effect DNS Caching on PHP/Memcache application

    - by Niro
    In a very high loaded Ubuntu/PHP web server I found that the PHP line: $memcache-connect("int-aws_ec2.memcached.myapp.net",11211); sometimes takes ~5 secs. Replacing the url with the ip address decreases the server load from ~20 to 0 My question is - where are the settings that effect the DNS caching for this? Is it in the server level or the memcache library ? How can I change it ? Additional info: Ubuntu 10.04 lucid PHP: 5.3.2-1ubuntu4.10 Apache/2.2.14 (Ubuntu) Amazon EC2 Even more info per Celada's comment: The DNS handling for the memcache server is done by scalr (the platform I use to manage the cloud resources). They have a client located on the instances and their own DNS servers. /etc/nsswitch.conf - hosts: files dns /etc/resolv.conf: nameserver 172.16.0.23 domain ec2.internal search ec2.internal The domain is not in hosts.conf To check if I run nscd I used /etc/init.d/nscd stop and received 'no such file' so i guess I dont run nscd. Thanks !

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  • deleting old unused images

    - by Ayyash
    As we move on with our content-based websites, lots of images get dumped in our images folder, but we rarely come across self-committed monkyes that delete their files once they do not need it, which means, we end up with a huge list of images in one folder, and it is very tricky to clean it up. My question is (and i dont know if this is the right website to ask it), is there a tool that allows me to find out if an image has been requested by web in the last (n) months? my other general question is, how do you do it? how do you take control of your images folders? what policy do you enforce on developers to clean up? what measures do you take in order to decide what goes and what stays if you end up with an out-of-control situation? my suggestion was to rename the images folder, create a new one, copy the basic ones and wait for someone to complain about a broken image! :) i find this to be the most efficient.

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  • CSS for https urls

    - by Vincent
    Hello, looking for some help with images referenced within the stylesheet. I have no problems with these from non secure locations within the site but only from https. The stylesheet loads fine and displays everything correctly except for the images. example: body { margin: 0; padding: 0; background: url(/img/background_tile.gif) top left repeat-x; text-align: center; background-color: #fff; } All my css files and other image paths inside the code use relative urls to images. How can I make sure they all work fine without hard coding my image paths with https or http? I want the code to work fine with http and https. Thanks

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  • can't connect to Sql Sever Management Express 2012

    - by Rare-Man
    i installed Sql Sever Management Express 2012 , but when i try to connect in Sql management studio enviroment , i have this error . TITLE: Connect to Server Cannot connect to .. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION: A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 - Could not open a connection to SQL Server) (Microsoft SQL Server, Error: 2) For help, click: http://go.microsoft.com/fwlink?ProdName=Microsoft%20SQL%20Server&EvtSrc=MSSQLServer&EvtID=2&LinkId=20476 The system cannot find the file specified BUTTONS: OK ................................................................................... and in during installion i dont have option for select cluster !! this is my SQL Server Configuration Manager , my sql server service is empty ... And when get Remove a Failover Cluster Node , this error happened . http://oi57.tinypic.com/2lrvat.jpg

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  • Throw of a die in Java

    - by Arkapravo
    The throw of a die is a popular program in Java, public class Die { /* This program simulates rolling a die */ public static void main(String[] args) { int die; // The number on the die. die = (int)(Math.random()*6 + 1); System.out.println (die); } // end main() } // end class What I wish to do is make it repeat, 500 times. I have not been able to put this program into a loop of 500. I usually program in Python, thus I guess my Java has rusted ! Any help is most welcome !

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  • iPhone metering problems

    - by Eric Christensen
    When I'm recording an AVAudioRecorder object, I repeat a chunk of code via an NSTimer that includes: [soundrecording updateMeters]; NSLog(@"channel 0 average:%f, peak:%f",[soundrecording averagePowerForChannel:0],[soundrecording peakPowerForChannel:0]); NSLog(@"channel 1 average:%f, peak:%f",[soundrecording averagePowerForChannel:1],[soundrecording peakPowerForChannel:1]); When I'm recording a mono file, the peak power for channel 0 is just what you'd expect, a float from -160 to 0. But average power for channel 0 is always zero. (And, of course, the values for channel 1 are both zero.) When I'm recording a stereo file, both the average and peak values for both channels are as expected. Any thoughts on why, when recording a mono file, the average value for channel 0 isn't returning correctly, even though the peak is? Thanks!

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  • ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host?

    - by user51684
    debug1: Connection established. debug1: identity file /home/DAMS/.ssh/id_rsa type 1 debug1: identity file /home/DAMS/.ssh/id_rsa-cert type -1 debug1: identity file /home/DAMS/.ssh/id_dsa type -1 debug1: identity file /home/DAMS/.ssh/id_dsa-cert type -1 ssh_exchange_identification: Connection closed by remote host hello this one is different . no missing or anything. im using cygwin. and it just stop when im doing git push production on my server. usually its ok, but i dont know why its stop connections i wonder whats wrong.

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  • MonoDevelop/GTK OS X Usability Issues?

    - by Tylo
    Does anyone else have infuriating usability issues while trying to work with MonoDevelop in OS X Snow Leopard? The ones that interrupt my flow the most are associated with button clicks not responding until I move the window around a little bit. Afterwards, I can get maybe one or two button presses in before I have to repeat moving the window around. I've heard this is a GTK problem that has nothing to do with MonoDevelop in the past and would like to know if anyone else experiences this or has found a way to fix it?

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  • tweak windows 7 virtual memory and cache / caching settings

    - by bortao
    im on windows 7 64 bit, with 4gb of memory whenever i copy or deal with a big ammount of data, windows swaps out everything from memory to the virtual memory swapfile, to make room to data cache. the problem is: i dont really need caching of this data im copying, its being copied only once, cacheing this data won't help me. on the other hand, swapping out the programs will give me a big lag time whenever i want to use those open programs again. what i want: restrict data cache to a certain ammount, lets say 1gb, or reserve a certain ammount of memory, lets say 2gb, exclusively for running programs memory. my swap file is on a separate partition, but i still have problems with swapping time.

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  • tweak windows 7 virtual memory and cache / caching settings

    - by bortao
    im on windows 7 64 bit, with 4gb of memory whenever i copy or deal with a big ammount of data, windows swaps out everything from memory to the virtual memory swapfile, to make room to data cache. the problem is: i dont really need caching of this data im copying, its being copied only once, cacheing this data won't help me. on the other hand, swapping out the programs will give me a big lag time whenever i want to use those open programs again. what i want: restrict data cache to a certain ammount, lets say 1gb, or reserve a certain ammount of memory, lets say 2gb, exclusively for running programs memory. my swap file is on a separate partition, but i still have problems with swapping time.

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  • Major Issue with Asus M4A78T-E Bios

    - by user114721
    I am having major issues with my bios and I have tried three different forums in hopes that there is someone out there that can help me.... The issue is that every single time I turn off my computer, when I turn it back on the bios resets and tries to boot from a floppy drive....first problem is I dont have a floppy drive and secondly it does not read my HDD.... I tried everything to fix this...I tried replacing the cmos battery, I tried replacing the sata cable, and I tried a different sata port....none of these things seem to be working. Now the messed up part about all of this is that i am on my computer right now....If I take the battery out and put it back in and setup the bios again manually I am able to get into my computer...but this is NOT normal... Why is my bios resetting constantly when I power down my computer? Please assist me I need my computer for business

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  • Word mergefield wildcard not correctly matching

    - by aZn137
    Hello, Below is my mergefield code: { IF { MERGEFIELD Subs_State } = "GA" "blah blah" "{ IF { MERGEFIELD CEOrgStates } = "GA" "blah blah" ""} "} I'm pulling records from a MS Access db. My goal is to check whether a record has Subs_State field matching "GA", or the CEOrgStates has the word "GA" (some records have stuff like "|FL|CA|GA|CT|KY|" (no quotes)). When I merged the docs, Word doesnt seem to be able to match with the wildcards: If I use and compare "*GA" (fields ending with GA), it works; however, the double wildcards "*GA*" dont seem to work at all. Here are the things I’ve tried: Have data in lowercase, then compare with lowercase Have data in lowercase, convert to and then compare with uppercase Do the opposite of the above 2 with uppercase data Use “*GA*” and “*ga*” (no pipe) Use different delimiters Nothing seems to work with the double wildcard matching. What am I doing wrong? Thanks!

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  • using Swing components in javafx if they're not in the NetBeans javafx palette

    - by Jason S
    I'm just getting started with javafx in NetBeans, and I have it doing simple stuff (windows with buttons + the like) but would like to try something slightly more realistic. The "Swing/AWT Components" palette has a whole bunch of stuff that the "JavaFX Script Code Clips" palette does not (it has Button, CheckBox, ComboBox, ComboBoxItem, Label, RadioButton, Slider, TextField, and ToggleButton). How do I add stuff to this palette? I would like to try using some of the components in org-netbeans-swing-outline.jar edit: Aha. I was missing the point somewhat: there are only some javafx-wrapped Swing components available in javafx.ext.Swing.*, so if you want one of the other Swing components you have to wrap them yourself.

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  • How to find out what is installed on a server

    - by masfenix
    Hi, im an undergrad student and we have special access to a server. The server is a unix server (dont know the OS or anything.. is there a way to find out? ). we also get a website associated with the server. There is a public_html folder. I uploaded with a test file with phpinfo() but the server didnt parse it (yes i had the right extension) . So im guessing PHP isnt installed. is there a way to see what "common" languages ARE installed?

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  • Capture live streaming

    - by acidzombie24
    I want to capture a rtmp stream. The videos are live, different every day and usually i cant tune in because i am busy at work doing something :(. I would like to capture the stream however they use anti capturing techniques (its live and free so i dont understand why). I tried orbit downloader without any luck. The url seems kind of weird (judging by grab++). It has || in it and other urls. What applications can i use to capture this? i am open to using linux

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  • Should we develop a custom membership provider in this case?

    - by Allen
    I'll be adding a bounty to this, probably 200, more if you guys think its appropriate. I wont accept an answer until I can add a bounty so feel free to go ahead and answer now Summary Long story short, we've been tasked with gutting the authentication and authorization parts of a fairly old and bloated asp.net application that previously had all of these components written from scratch. Since our application isn't a typical one, and none of us have experience in asp.net's built in membership provider stuff, we're not sure if we should roll our own authentication and authorization again or if we should try to work within the asp.net membership provider mindset and develop our own membership provider. Our Application We have a fairly old asp.net application that gets installed at customer locations to service clients on a LAN. Admins create users (users do not sign up) and depending on the install, we may have the software integrated with LDAP. Currently, the LDAP integration bulk-imports the users to our database and when they login, it authenticates against LDAP so we dont have to manage their passwords. Nothing amazing there. Admins can assign users to 1 group and they can change the authorization of that group to manage access to various parts of the software. Groups are maintained by Admins (web based UI) and as said earlier, granted / denied permissions to certain functionality within the application. All this was completely written from the ground up without using any of the built in .net authorization or authentication. We literally have IsLoggedIn() methods that check for login and redirect to our login page if they aren't. Our Rewrite We've been tasked to integrate more tightly with LDAP, they want us to tie groups in our application to groups (or whatever types of containers that LDAP uses) in LDAP so that when a customer opt's to use our LDAP integration, they dont have to manage their users in LDAP AND in our application. The new way, they will simply create users in LDAP, add them to Groups in LDAP and our application will see that they belong to the appropriate LDAP group and authenticate and authorize them. In addition, we've been granted the go ahead to completely rip out the User authentication and authorization code and completely re-do it. Our Problem The problem is that none of us have any experience with asp.net membership provider functionality. The little bit of exposure I have to it makes me worry that it was not intended to be used for an application such as ours. Though, developing our own ASP.NET Membership Provider and Role Manager sounds like it would be a great experience and most likely the appropriate thing to do. Basically, I'm looking for advice, should we be using the ASP.NET Membership provider & Role Management API or should we continue to roll our own? I know this decision will be influenced by our requirements so I'm going over them below Our Requirements Just a quick n dirty list Maintain the ability to have a db of users and authenticate them and give admins (only, not users) the ability to CRUD users Allow the site to integrate with LDAP, when this is chosen, they don't want any users stored in the DB, only the relationship between Groups as they exist in our app / db and the Groups/Containers as they exist in LDAP. .net 3.5 is being used (mix of asp.net webforms and asp.net mvc) Has to work in ASP.NET and ASP.NET MVC (shouldn't be a problem I'm guessing) This can't be user centric, administrators need to be the only ones that CRUD (or import via ldap) users and groups We have to be able to Auth via LDAP when its configured to do so I always try to monitor my questions closely so feel free to ask for more info. Also, as a general summary of what I'm looking for in an answer is just. "You should/shouldn't use xyz, here's why". Links regarding asp.net membership provider and role management stuff are very welcome, most of the stuff I'm finding is 5+ years old. Edit: Added some stuff to "Our Rewrite"

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  • very quickly getting total size of folder

    - by freakazo
    I want to quickly find the total size of any folder using python. def GetFolderSize(path): TotalSize = 0 for item in os.walk(path): for file in item[2]: try: TotalSize = TotalSize + getsize(join(item[0], file)) except: print("error with file: " + join(item[0], file)) return TotalSize That's the simple script I wrote to get the total size of the folder, it took around 60 seconds (+-5 seconds). By using multiprocessing I got it down to 23 seconds on a quad core machine. Using the Windows file explorer it takes only ~3 seconds (Right click- properties to see for yourself). So is there a faster way of finding the total size of a folder close to the speed that windows can do it? Windows 7, python 2.6 (Did searches but most of the time people used a very similar method to my own) Thanks in advance.

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  • Work in Company vs paid add-ons for Visual Studio

    - by netmajor
    Hey, I'm yesterday install free(I'm student :D) DevExpress Refactor Tool for Visual Studio and think that is great stuff but... how looks using that add-ons in work place ? can You install it on Your own in Your pc?Employer agree with it ? it is difference that it's free or paid add-on ? did Your employer give You add-in from start ? (So You don't need to paid it Yourself?:D) Do You have Favorite add-in? ;) p.s. Do You know how to disable VS shortcut[Alt+Right] for feature? I want to use Refactor shortcut for CamelCaseRight but VS disable it for own shortcut :(

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  • Is there a security risk for allowing people to set their DNS so their own subdomains can be route to my server?

    - by DantheMan
    Lets say that I have a web application, built in Django and deployed with Nginx. Is it a good idea to offer a service that allows customers to request that a subdomain can be pointed at it. I figured this: If I dont allow this, then some companies wont want to access the service from http://mydjangoappmadeupname.com/bigcorporation/ They would rather access it through http://service.bigcorporation.com That would effectively mask that they are using an outside resource. Is there a significant risk that I am overlooking? Also do you think it would be easier to just set things up in Django to handle it, allowing Nginx to accept all domains and then pushing them to Django which would filter out if they are allowed or not, or would it be better to just update my Nginx log each time a client wanted this changed?

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  • Javascript undefined behavior with string.replace

    - by epochwolf
    I've been messing around with string.replace and I noticed something very odd with Webkit and Firebug's javascript consoles. I can repeat this behavior in a blank browser window. (Look at the first and last lines) >>> "/literature?page=".replace(/page=/i, "page=2") "/literature?page=" >>> "/literature?page=".replace("page=", "page=2") "/literature?page=2" >>> "/literature?page=".replace(/page=/, "page=2") "/literature?page=2" >>> "/literature?page=".replace(/page=/i, "page=2") "/literature?page=2" Just so nobody thinks I mistyped something, here are screenshots. Firebug (3.0.14) Webkit (Latest nightly as of this post's creation.)

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  • How to return variable datatypes from a method

    - by Praesagus
    I have a method whose callers require different datatypes. I could repeat the requisite conversions a dozen times by putting them in each of the callers, but it seems much more efficient to do it once in the called method. public String myMethod(String myArg) { return DoSomething(myArg); } public Int32 myMethod(String myArg) { return Convert.ToInt32(DoSomething(myArg)); } private String DoSomething(key) { return SomeList[key]; } If I have multiple methods that pull data from SomeList and have to utilize different data types then in each I have to do a type conversion. Examples might be session variables or query or form requests or any other number of things. In VB I could say Function myMethod(myArg as String) as Variant myMethod=DoSomething(myArg) End Function Sorry if the original post was not very clear. I hope this makes more sense. Thanks

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  • how can make transparent proxy on more than one port?

    - by ermya
    i want to make transparent proxy with linux ( centos) , i want all incoming connection on port 1000 - 2000 on eth0 forward to eth1 on port 1000 - 2000 in transparent mode i have 2 server 1- linux ( proxy server) 2- windows i want protect my windows server with my linux server firewall also i must make transparent proxy with my linux server linux server have 2 interface one for public network an another for private network connected to windows server so all incoming connection must connect to the linux server (at eth0 public network) first and after checking , must forward to the windows server on private network (with linux interface eth1 ) i can use squid for making transparent proxy but i dont know how i must config the squid for multi port because i want listen in more than 1000 ports for example from port 1000 to 2000 anyone know how can i do ?

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  • Block spam by using geoip filter?

    - by faultyserver
    We are looking for a way to be able to block spam based on geographic location by filtering using geoip. context: we rarely have any email correspondence outside of the USA, so we would like to block all incoming email outside the US except for maybe one or two countries. After a little Googling I have found a couple of solutions that may work (or not), but I would like to know what other sysadmins are currently doing or what they would recommend as a solution. Here is what I have found so far: Using PowerDNS and its GeoIP backend it is possible to use geoip for filtering. Normally this backend is used to help distribute load as a kind of load balancing but I dont see why it couldnt be used to kill spam as well? Possibly use the Maxmind lite country database and some scripting to do a similar job. Ideally what I am looking for is a solution that would handle decent load and scale well too...aren't we all! ;) Thanks in advance for your help! :-)

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