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  • Comparing all values within a List against each other

    - by Kave
    I am a bit stuck here and can't think further. public struct CandidateDetail { public int CellX { get; set; } public int CellY { get; set; } public int CellId { get; set; } } var dic = new Dictionary<int, List<CandidateDetail>>(); How can I compare each CandidateDetail item against other CandidateDetail items within the same dictionary in the most efficient way? Example: There are three keys for the dictionary: 5, 6 and 1. Therefore we have three entries. now each of these key entries would have a List associated with. In this case let say each of these three numbers has exactly two CandidateDetails items within the list associated to each key. This means in other words we have two 5, two 6 and two 1 in different or in the same cells. I would like to know: if[5].1stItem.CellId == [6].1stItem.CellId = we got a hit. That means we have a 5 and a 6 within the same Cell if[5].2ndItem.CellId == [6].2ndItem.CellId = perfect. We found out that the other 5 and 6 are together within a different cell. if[1].1stItem.CellId == ... Now I need to check the 1 also against the other 5 and 6 to see if the one exists within the previous same two cells or not. Could a Linq expression help perhaps? I am quite stuck here... I don't know...Maybe I am taking the wrong approach. I am trying to solve the "Hidden pair" of the game Sudoku. :) http://www.sudokusolver.eu/ExplainSolveMethodD.aspx Many Thanks, Kave

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  • Delphi : Handling the fact that Strings are not Objects

    - by awmross
    I am trying to write a function that takes any TList and returns a String representation of all the elements of the TList. I tried a function like so function ListToString(list:TList<TObject>):String; This works fine, except you can't pass a TList to it. E2010 Incompatible types: 'TList<System.TObject>' and 'TList<System.string>' In Delphi, a String is not an Object. To solve this, I've written a second function: function StringListToString(list:TList<string>):String; Is this the only solution? Are there other ways to treat a String as more 'object-like'? In a similar vein, I also wanted to write an 'equals' function to compare two TLists. Again I run into the same problem function AreListsEqual(list1:TList<TObject>; list2:TList<TObject>):boolean; Is there any way to write this function (perhaps using generics?) so it can also handle a TList? Are there any other tricks or 'best practises' I should know about when trying to create code that handles both Strings and Objects? Or do I just create two versions of every function? Can generics help? I am from a Java background but now work in Delphi. It seems they are lately adding a lot of things to Delphi from the Java world (or perhaps the C# world, which copied them from Java). Like adding equals() and hashcode() to TObject, and creating a generic Collections framework etc. I'm wondering if these additions are very practical if you can't use Strings with them.

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  • using compareTo in Binary Search Tree program

    - by Scott Rogener
    I've been working on this program for a few days now and I've implemented a few of the primary methods in my BinarySearchTree class such as insert and delete. Insert seemed to be working fine, but once I try to delete I kept getting errors. So after playing around with the code I wanted to test my compareTo methods. I created two new nodes and tried to compare them and I get this error: Exception in thread "main" java.lang.ClassCastException: TreeNode cannot be cast to java.lang.Integer at java.lang.Integer.compareTo(Unknown Source) at TreeNode.compareTo(TreeNode.java:16) at BinarySearchTree.myComparision(BinarySearchTree.java:177) at main.main(main.java:14) Here is my class for creating the nodes: public class TreeNode<T> implements Comparable { protected TreeNode<T> left, right; protected Object element; public TreeNode(Object obj) { element=obj; left=null; right=null; } public int compareTo(Object node) { return ((Comparable) this.element).compareTo(node); } } Am I doing the compareTo method all wrong? I would like to create trees that can handle integers and strings (seperatly of course)

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  • jQuery.clone() IE problem

    - by mofle
    I'm have some that uses jQuery.clone() to get the html of a page and then add it to a pre tag. It works correctly in Firefox and Chrome, but nothing happens in IE: <!DOCTYPE html> <html> <head> <script class="jsbin" src="http://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1/jquery.min.js"></script> <meta charset=utf-8 /> <title>JS Bin</title> <!--[if IE]> <script src="http://html5shiv.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script> <![endif]--> <script> $(function(){ $('button').click(function(){ var $clone = $('html').clone(); $('#output').text($clone.html()); }); }); </script> <style> article, aside, figure, footer, header, hgroup, menu, nav, section { display: block; } </style> </head> <body> <button>run test</button> <pre id="output"></pre> </body> </html> Is there any know bug with IE that prevents this, or am I doing something wrong? (I need to clone it because I'm doing some changes to it before outputting it)

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  • HTML/CSS: Creating a centered div with a min-width

    - by Alessandro Vernet
    I'd like to have on my page a div which is centered and has a certain width, but which extends beyond that width if required by the content. I am doing this with the following: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"/> <style type="text/css"> .container-center { text-align: center; } .container-minwidth { min-width: 5em; display: inline-block; border: 1px solid blue; } </style> </head> <body> <div class="container-center"> <div class="container-minwidth"> a </div> </div> </body> </html> This works great on Firefox/Safari, but not on IE6, which doesn't understand the display: inline-block. Any advice on how to make this work on IE6 as well?

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  • Docs for auto-generated methods in Ruby on Rails

    - by macek
    Rails has all sorts of auto-generated methods that I've often times struggled to find documentation for. For example, in routes.rb, if I have: map.resources :projects do |p| p.resources :tasks end This will get a plethora of auto-generate path and url helpers. Where can I find documentation for how to work with these paths? I generally understand how to work with them, but more explicit docs might help me understand some of the magic that happens behind the scenes. # compare project_path(@project) project_task_path(@project, @task) # to project_path(:id => @project.id) project_task_path(:project_id => @project.id, :id => @task.id) Also, when I change an attribute on a model, @post.foo_changed? will be true. Where can I find documentation for this and all other magical methods that are created like this? If the magic is there, I'd love to take advantage of it. And finally: Is there a complete resource for config.___ statements for environment.rb? I was able to find docs for Configuration#gem but what attributes can I set within the stubs like config.active_record.___, config.action_mailer.___, config.action_controller.___, etc. Again, I'm looking for a complete resource here, not just a settings for the examples I provided. Even if you can only answer one of these questions, please chime in. These things seem to have been hiding from me and it's my goal to get them some more exposure, so I'll be upvoting all links to docs that point me to what I'm looking for. Thanks! ps, If they're not called auto-generated methods, I apologize. Someone can teach me a lesson here, too :) Edit I'm not looking for tutorials here, folks. I have a fair amount of experience with rails; I'm just looking for complete docs. E.g., I understand how routing works, I just want docs where I can read about all of the usage options.

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  • TortoiseSVN lists files as modified, but they are identical

    - by BJ Safdie
    I am merging a hot fix from our QA branch back into our Dev branch. Five files have changed. I do a fresh checkout of the Dev branch. I then do a merge (range of revisions) from QA into the Dev working copy. It brings in five files and there is a conflict on an external and ignore property -- which I resolve by "using local" (dev). When I check modifications or commit, I expect to see the five files I merged as the only changes. However, I get close to 700 "modified" files showing up in the commit dialog. If I select one of these file and "Compare with base," WinMerge comes up and says the "files are identical." I have tried this with the file dates set to "last committed" and not. Why are all of these files showing up as modified, when they are identical? What in the merge is causing this? How do I prevent SVN/TortoiseSVN from getting confused this way in the future?

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  • Dynamically setting the queryset of a ModelMultipleChoiceField to a custom recordset

    - by Daniel Quinn
    I've seen all the howtos about how you can set a ModelMultipleChoiceField to use a custom queryset and I've tried them and they work. However, they all use the same paradigm: the queryset is just a filtered list of the same objects. In my case, I'm trying to get the admin to draw a multiselect form that instead of using usernames as the text portion of the , I'd like to use the name field from my account class. Here's a breakdown of what I've got: # models.py class Account(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=128,help_text="A display name that people understand") user = models.ForeignKey(User, unique=True) # Tied to the User class in settings.py class Organisation(models.Model): administrators = models.ManyToManyField(User) # admin.py from django.forms import ModelMultipleChoiceField from django.contrib.auth.models import User class OrganisationAdminForm(forms.ModelForm): def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): from ethico.accounts.models import Account self.base_fields["administrators"] = ModelMultipleChoiceField( queryset=User.objects.all(), required=False ) super(OrganisationAdminForm, self).__init__(*args, **kwargs) class Meta: model = Organisation This works, however, I want queryset above to draw a selectbox with the Account.name property and the User.id property. This didn't work: queryset=Account.objects.all().order_by("name").values_list("user","name") It failed with this error: 'tuple' object has no attribute 'pk' I figured that this would be easy, but it's turned into hours of dead-ends. Anyone care to shed some light?

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  • json parsing problems

    - by C.
    Hi I have the following Json : "{\"doc\":{\"info\":{\"allowDistribution\":\"true\",\"allowSearch\":\"true\",\"calaisRequestID\":\"67a02f61-7e45-cfc4-1276-e123c5f7422f\",\"externalID\":\"\",\"id\":\"http://id.opencalais.com/dBo1YRiQeqS-kfO-m9UeWA\",\"docId\":\"http://d.opencalais.com/dochash-1/8edabb36-eece-3f67-b187-ab64cd885ecb\",\"document\":\"What type of music do you listen to? How much would you pay for a cd? Do you still buy cds? Do you like Shakira? What genre of music do you listen to?\",\"docTitle\":\"\",\"docDate\":\"2010-03-17 17:40:41.323\",\"externalMetadata\":\"\",\"submitter\":\"\"},\"meta\":{\"contentType\":\"text/raw\",\"emVer\":\"7.1.1103.5\",\"langIdVer\":\"DefaultLangId\",\"processingVer\":\"CalaisJob01\",\"submitionDate\":\"2010-03-17 17:40:41.183\",\"submitterCode\":\"b54c734e-b865-185b-c83a-66e1c66272de\",\"signature\":\"digestalg-1|FXnvwLovOsqVoSPX0JfGvj3tp7s=|cyV2tZWY9OXG1RBO0SuND4kd3Pkvqv0cS2YpsEBQhXDfSV4KoE61sQ==\",\"language\":\"English\",\"messages\":[]}},\"http://d.opencalais.com/dochash-1/8edabb36-eece-3f67-b187-ab64cd885ecb/cat/1\":{\"_typeGroup\":\"topics\",\"category\":\"http://d.opencalais.com/cat/Calais/EntertainmentCulture\",\"classifierName\":\"Calais\",\"categoryName\":\"Entertainment_Culture\",\"score\":1},\"http://d.opencalais.com/dochash-1/8edabb36-eece-3f67-b187-ab64cd885ecb/cat/2\":{\"_typeGroup\":\"topics\",\"category\":\"http://d.opencalais.com/cat/Calais/HumanInterest\",\"classifierName\":\"Calais\",\"categoryName\":\"Human Interest\",\"score\":1},\"http://d.opencalais.com/dochash-1/8edabb36-eece-3f67-b187-ab64cd885ecb/cat/3\":{\"_typeGroup\":\"topics\",\"category\":\"http://d.opencalais.com/cat/Calais/TechnologyInternet\",\"classifierName\":\"Calais\",\"categoryName\":\"Technology_Internet\",\"score\":0.932}}" Can you please tell me why it won't parse this? This is my code: JObject o = JObject.Parse(json); String category = (string)o["doc"]["_typeGroup"]["categoryName"]; It tells me: Object reference not set to an instance of an object. Thanks :)

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  • Delphi trace tool

    - by Max
    I was wondering if there's a tool or a component for Delphi that can trace method execution line by line and create a log file. With this kind of tool it is easy to compare how method performs on two sets of input data by comparing two log files. EDIT: Let's say there is a function 10: function MyFunction(aInput: Integer): Integer; 11: begin 12: if aInput 10 then 13: Result := 10 14: else 15: Result := 0; 16: end; I'm looking for a tool that would give the log which whould be similar to the following: When aInput parameter is 1: Line 10: 'function MyFunction(aInput: Integer): Integer;' Line 11: 'begin' Line 12: 'if aInput 10 then' Line 15: 'Result := 0;' Line 16: 'end;' and when aInput parameter is 11: Line 10: 'function MyFunction(aInput: Integer): Integer;' Line 11: 'begin' Line 12: 'if aInput 10 then' Line 13: 'Result := 10;' Line 16: 'end;' The only information that should be required by the tool is the function name. It's like stepping through the method under debugger, but in an automatic manner with logging every line of code.

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  • Batch Image compression tool for optimizing thousands of images

    - by Daniel Magliola
    Hi all, I'm maintaining a site that has thousands of images that have not been compressed nearly enough. The homepage weighs in at 1.5 Mb currently, and it could easily be way less that half that. I'm looking for some kind of tool that'll take a folder full of JPG pictures and will recompress them to their "optimal" compression value. Obviously, "optimal lossy compression setting" is an oxymoron, but I'm thinking maybe a tool that'll try different levels and compare the outputs to the input, and choose a "sweet spot" between size and destruction? Or even try whether PNG is a better option, many times it is, for "drawing" type stuff. Does anyone of you know any such tool? I'd have lots of fun coding one, but I bet someone already did and will save me 2 days. Alternatively, of course, anything that'll take all pictures in a folder and recompress them with a fixed quality level (say, 40) will also work, it'll just not make my inner nerd as happy, but it'll solve my problem just fine. (Ideally something that can run on Windows, ideally from the command line) Thank you!

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  • Form Encoding Problems on GRAILS 2.0

    - by ArmlessJohn
    I have an Grails application that is configured everywhere to function as UTF-8. While running a debug version, headers say Content-Type:text/html;charset=utf-8, and meta tags agree. Browser identified page as UTF-8 and shows characters correctly. When posting a form, the browser correctly sends it encoded as UTF-8. When reading the data via params.paramname, however, the data looks garbled; maçã becomes maçã. Upon further inspection, it seems the form is sending UTF-8 data, but Grails seem to try and read it as if it was ISO-8859-1. Setting accept-charset="ISO-8859-1" on the form confirms this problem, as it fixes the problem. I also have this on applicationContext.xml: <bean id="characterEncodingFilter" class="org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter"> <property name="encoding"> <value>utf-8</value> </property> <property name="forceEncoding"> <value>true</value> </property> </bean> Is there an solution for this besides adding accept-charset="ISO-8859-1" to all forms in the application? Thanks.

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  • OPTICS Clustering algorithm. How to get the best epsilon

    - by Marco Galassi
    I am implementing a project which needs to cluster geographical points. OPTICS algorithm seems to be a very nice solution. It needs just 2 parameters as input(MinPts and Epsilon), which are, respectively, the minimum number of points needed to consider them as a cluster, and the distance value used to compare if two points are in can be placed in same cluster. My problem is that, due to the extreme variety of the points, I can't set a fixed epsilon. Just look at the image below. The same points structure but in a different scale would result very different. Suppose to set MinPts=2 and epsilon = 1Km. On the left, the algorithm would create 2 clusters(red and blue), but on the right it would create one single cluster containing all of the points(red), but I would like to obtain 2 clusters even on the right. So my question is: is there any kind of way to calculate dynamically the epsilon value to get this result? Thank you very much and excuse my for my poor english. Marco

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  • Python virtualenv questions

    - by orokusaki
    I'm using VirtualEnv on Windows XP. I'm wondering if I have my brain wrapped around it correctly. I ran virtualenv ENV and it created C:\WINDOWS\system32\ENV. I then changed my PATH variable to include C:\WINDOWS\system32\ENV\Scripts instead of C:\Python27\Scripts. Then, I checked out Django into C:\WINDOWS\system32\ENV\Lib\site-packages\django-trunk, updated my PYTHON_PATH variable to point the new Django directory, and continued to easy_install other things (which of course go into my new C:\WINDOWS\system32\ENV\Lib\site-packages directory). I understand why I should use VirtualEnv so I can run multiple versions of Django, and other libraries on the same machine, but does this mean that to switch between environments I have to basically change my PATH and PYTHON_PATH variable? So, I go from developing one Django project which uses Django 1.2 in an environment called ENV and then change my PATH and such so that I can use an environment called ENV2 which has the dev version of Django? Is that basically it, or is there some better way to automatically do all this (I could update my path in Python code, but that would require me to write machine-specific code in my application)? Also, how does this process compare to using VirtualEnv on Linux (I'm quite the beginner at Linux).

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  • Floating Point Arithmetic - Modulo Operator on Double Type

    - by CrimsonX
    So I'm trying to figure out why the modulo operator is returning such a large unusual value. If I have the code: double result = 1.0d % 0.1d; it will give a result of 0.09999999999999995. I would expect a value of 0 Note this problem doesn't exist using the dividing operator - double result = 1.0d / 0.1d; will give a result of 10.0, meaning that the remainder should be 0. Let me be clear: I'm not surprised that an error exists, I'm surprised that the error is so darn large compared to the numbers at play. 0.0999 ~= 0.1 and 0.1 is on the same order of magnitude as 0.1d and only one order of magnitude away from 1.0d. Its not like you can compare it to a double.epsilon, or say "its equal if its < 0.00001 difference". I've read up on this topic on StackOverflow, in the following posts one two three, amongst others. Can anyone suggest explain why this error is so large? Any any suggestions to avoid running into the problems in the future (I know I could use decimal instead but I'm concerned about the performance of that).

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  • Does this language feature already exists?

    - by Pindatjuh
    I'm currently developing a new language for programming in a continuous environment (compare it to electrical engineering), and I've got some ideas on a certain language construction. Let me explain the feature by explanation and then by definition; x = a | b; Where x is a variable and a and b are other variables (or static values). if(x == a) { // all references to "x" are essentially references to "a". } if(x == b) { // same but with "b" } if(x != a) { // ... } if(x == a | b) { // guaranteed that "x" is '"a" | "b"'; interacting with "x" // will interact with both "a" and "b". } // etc. In the above, all code-blocks are executed, but the "scope" changes in each block how x is interpreted. In the first block, x is guaranteed to be a: thus interacting with x inside that block will interact on a. The second and the third code-block are only equal in this situation (because not b only remains a). The last block guarantees that x is at least a or b. Further more; | is not the "bitwise or operator", but I've called it the "and/or"-operator. It's definition is: "|" = "and" | "or" (On my blog, http://cplang.wordpress.com/2009/12/19/binop-and-or/, is more (mathematical) background information on this operator. It's loosely based on sets.) I do not know if this construction already exists, so that's my question: does this language feature already exists?

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  • Type result with Ternary operator in C#

    - by Vaccano
    I am trying to use the ternary operator, but I am getting hung up on the type it thinks the result should be. Below is an example that I have contrived to show the issue I am having: class Program { public static void OutputDateTime(DateTime? datetime) { Console.WriteLine(datetime); } public static bool IsDateTimeHappy(DateTime datetime) { if (DateTime.Compare(datetime, DateTime.Parse("1/1")) == 0) return true; return false; } static void Main(string[] args) { DateTime myDateTime = DateTime.Now; OutputDateTime(IsDateTimeHappy(myDateTime) ? null : myDateTime); Console.ReadLine(); ^ } | } | // This line has the compile issue ---------------+ On the line indicated above, I get the following compile error: Type of conditional expression cannot be determined because there is no implicit conversion between '< null ' and 'System.DateTime' I am confused because the parameter is a nullable type (DateTime?). Why does it need to convert at all? If it is null then use that, if it is a date time then use that. I was under the impression that: condition ? first_expression : second_expression; was the same as: if (condition) first_expression; else second_expression; Clearly this is not the case. What is the reasoning behind this? (NOTE: I know that if I make "myDateTime" a nullable DateTime then it will work. But why does it need it? As I stated earlier this is a contrived example. In my real example "myDateTime" is a data mapped value that cannot be made nullable.)

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  • javascript .push() doesn't seem to work

    - by Ankur
    I am trying to use .push to put items into a javascript array. I have created a simplified piece of code. When I click the button with id clickButton, I am expecting to get a series of alerts with numbers, but I get nothing. <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Sempedia | Making computers think about data the way we do</title> <link href="css/styles.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="js/jquery.js"></script> <script> $(document).ready( function() { var myArray = new Array(); //declare the array for(var i=0;i<=10;i++){ // create a loop myArray.push(i); // add an item to array } $("#clickButton").live('click',function() { //register the button being clicked for(var j=0;j<=10;j++){ //for loop alert(myArray[j]); //alert one item in the array } }); }); </script> </head> <body> <input type="button" value="click me" id="clickButton" /> </body> </html>

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  • using a database and deploying the application

    - by evan
    I have a WPF application that stores a large amount of information in XML files and as the user uses the application they add more information to the XML files. It's basically using the XML files as a database. Since over the life of the program the XML files have gotten quite large, and I've been think about putting the data on a website, I've been looking into how to move all the information into an SQL database. I've used SQL databases with web applications (PHP, Ruby, and ASP.NET) but never with a Desktop application. Ideally I'd like to be able to keep all the information in one database file and distribute it along with the application without requiring the user to connect to a remote database (so they don't need an internet connection - though eventually it would be nice if could compare the local file's version with one online somewhere and update if necessary) and without making them install a local database server on their computer. Is this possible? I'd also like to use LINQ with any new database solution so switching to a database doesn't force to many changes (I read the XML with LINQ). I'm sure this question has been asked and that there are already some good tutorials on the subject but I just can't find them.

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  • Querying datetime.datetime on appengine acts different then dev server help!

    - by Alon Carmel
    Hey, I'm having some trouble with stuff that work locally and dont work on the app engine python environment: Basically, i want to get a program from an epg between ranges of date and time. i know i cannot do two where < so i saw a suggestion to save the dates as list as datetime.datetime which i did. [datetime.datetime(2010, 5, 10, 14, 25), datetime.datetime(2010, 5, 10, 15, 0)] This is ok. but when i try to compare to it: progranon = get_object(Programs2Channel, 'channel_id =', channelobj.key(), 'endstartdate >', programstart_minex, 'endstartdate <', programstart_minex ) This for some reason works locally, but fails to retrieve the data on the app engine. *Im using Google app engine django patch which uses the get_object to retrieve data in transactions. Please help. Here are more details: this is the LIST: [datetime.datetime(2010, 5, 13, 10, 45), datetime.datetime(2010, 5, 13, 11, 30)] #this is the query: programstart = ""+year+"-"+month+"-"+day+" "+hour+":"+minute programstart_minex = datetime.strptime(programstart, "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M") progranon = Programs2Channel.gql('WHERE channel_id = :channelid AND endstartdate > :programstartx AND endstartdate < :programstartx',channelid = channelobj.key(),programstartx=programstart_minex).get()

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  • ASP.NET MVC Authorize by Subdomain

    - by Jimmo
    I have what seems like a common issue with SaaS applications, but have not seen this question on here anywhere. I am using ASP.NET MVC with Forms Authentication. I have implemented a custom membership provider to handle logic, but have one issue (perhaps the issue is in my mental picture of the system). As with many SaaS apps, customers create accounts and use the app in a way that looks like they are the only ones present (they only see their items, users, etc.). In reality, there are generic controllers and views presenting data depending on the customer represented in the URL. When calling something like the MembershipProvider.ValidateUser, I have access to the user's customer affiliation in the User object - what I don't have is the context of the request to compare whether it is a data request for the same customer as the user. As an example, One company called ABC goes to abc.mysite.com Another company called XYZ goes to xyz.mysite.com When an ABC user calls http://abc.mysite.com/product/edit/12 I have an [Authorize] attribute on the Edit method in the ProductController to make sure he is signed in and has sufficient permission to do so. If that same ABC user tried to access http://xyz.mysite.com/product/edit/12 I would not want to validate him in the context of that call. In the ValidateUser of the MembershipProvider, I have the information about the user, but not about the request. I can tell that the user is from ABC, but I cannot tell that the request is for XYZ at that point in the code. How should I resolve this?

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  • Behavior of <- NULL on lists versus data.frames for removing data

    - by Ananda Mahto
    Many R users eventually figure out lots of ways to remove elements from their data. One way is to use NULL, particularly when you want to do something like drop a column from a data.frame or drop an element from a list. Eventually, a user comes across a situation where they want to drop several columns from a data.frame at once, and they hit upon <- list(NULL) as the solution (since using <- NULL will result in an error). A data.frame is a special type of list, so it wouldn't be too tough to imagine that the approaches for removing items from a list should be the same as removing columns from a data.frame. However, they produce different results, as can be seen in the example below. ## Make some small data--two data.frames and two lists cars1 <- cars2 <- head(mtcars)[1:4] cars3 <- cars4 <- as.list(cars2) ## Demonstration that the `list(NULL)` approach works cars1[c("mpg", "cyl")] <- list(NULL) cars1 # disp hp # Mazda RX4 160 110 # Mazda RX4 Wag 160 110 # Datsun 710 108 93 # Hornet 4 Drive 258 110 # Hornet Sportabout 360 175 # Valiant 225 105 ## Demonstration that simply using `NULL` does not work cars2[c("mpg", "cyl")] <- NULL # Error in `[<-.data.frame`(`*tmp*`, c("mpg", "cyl"), value = NULL) : # replacement has 0 items, need 12 Switch to applying the same concept to a list, and compare the difference in behavior. ## Does not fully drop the items, but sets them to `NULL` cars3[c("mpg", "cyl")] <- list(NULL) # $mpg # NULL # # $cyl # NULL # # $disp # [1] 160 160 108 258 360 225 # # $hp # [1] 110 110 93 110 175 105 ## *Does* drop the `list` items while this would ## have produced an error with a `data.frame` cars4[c("mpg", "cyl")] <- NULL # $disp # [1] 160 160 108 258 360 225 # # $hp # [1] 110 110 93 110 175 105 The main questions I have are, if a data.frame is a list, why does it behave so differently in this scenario? Is there a foolproof way of knowing when an element will be dropped, when it will produce an error, and when it will simply be given a NULL value? Or do we depend on trial-and-error for this?

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  • Validating Time & Date To Be At Least A Certain Amount Of Time In The Future

    - by MJH
    I've built a reservation form for a taxi company which works fine, but I'm having an issue with users making reservations that are due too soon in the future. Since the entire form is kind of long, I first want to make sure the user is not trying to make a reservation for less than an hour ahead of time, without them having to fill out the whole form. This is what I have come up with so far, but it's just not working: <?php //Set local time zone. date_default_timezone_set('America/New_York'); //Get current date and time. $current_time = date('Y-m-d H:i:s'); //Set reservation time variable $res_datetime = $_POST['res_datetime']; //Set event time. $event_time = strtotime($res_datetime); ?> <!doctype html> <html> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <title>Check Date and Time</title> </head> <?php //Check to be sure reservation time is at least one hour in the future. if (($current_time - $event_time) <= (3600)) { echo "You must make a reservation at least one hour ahead of time."; } ?> <form name="datetime" action="" method="post"> <input name="res_datetime" type="datetime-local" id="res_datetime"> <input type="submit"> </form> <body> </body> </html> How can I create a validation check to make sure the date and time of the reservation is at least one hour ahead of time?

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  • How to classify NN/NNP/NNS obtained from POS tagged document as a product feature

    - by Shweta .......
    I'm planning to perform sentiment analysis on reviews of product features (collected from Amazon dataset). I have extracted review text from the dataset and performed POS tagging on that. I'm able to extract NN/NNP as well. But my doubt is how do I come to know that extracted words classify as features of the products? I know there are classifiers in nltk but I don't know how I should use it for my project. I'm assuming there are 2 ways of finding whether the extracted word is a product feature or not. One is to compare with a bag of words and find out if my word exists in that. Doubt: How do I create/get bag of words? Second way is to implement some kind of apriori algorithm to find out frequently occurring words as features. I would like to know which method is good and how to go about implementing it. Some pointers to available softwares or code snippets would be helpful! Thanks!

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  • Character Set Issues when Upgrading from Symfony 2.0.* to Symfony 2.1.*?

    - by Adam Stacey
    I have recently upgraded my staging test site to the latest version of Symfony and updated all the vendors using composer as instructed in the upgrade document that comes with the download. Everything has all updated fine, but I have noticed now that some bits of HTML are not displaying in the Twig templates. I did a comparison with the current live site and it appears to be a character set issue. As an example I had a drop down list that had the following value in: Kitchen Ducting > Ducting Kits > Ducting Kit 4” / 100mm In the updated site the drop-down list item just appeared blank. When I used Twig's raw function it then displayed the item again, but with the dreaded question mark in a black diamond. Kitchen Ducting > Ducting Kits > Ducting Kit 4? / 100mm Things that you should know that may help: The staging test site and live site are both on the same server. In my httpd.conf file I have 'AddDefaultCharset utf-8'. In my php.ini file I have 'default_charset = "utf-8"'. The HTML file served has the Content-Type meta tag 'content="text/html; charset=utf-8"' My database is InnoDB and uses 'utf8' as the default character set and 'utf8_general_ci' as default collation. All tables in the database also use the defaults. I looked into BOM with UTF8, but could not work out if that was a problem or not?

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