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  • How to stop input in Perl?

    - by user1472747
    First time poster and part time perl noobie. I'm making a reflex game. Here's the output - __________________________________________________________________________ Reflex game initiated. Press ENTER to begin the game, and then press ENTER after the asterisks are printed to measure your reflexes!. ************************* Your result: 0.285606 seconds. logout [Process completed] __________________________________________________________________________ There's one small problem though - There's 0-10 seconds (based on a random variable) after you press enter to start the game and before the stars are printed. During that time, if the player presses ENTER, it's logged as their reflex time. So I need a way to stop my code from reading their ENTER button before the stars are printed. The code - #!/usr/bin/perl use Time::HiRes qw(sleep); use Time::HiRes qw(gettimeofday); #random delay variable $random_number = rand(); print "Reflex game initiated. Press ENTER to begin the game, and then press ENTER after the asterisks are printed to measure your reflexes!.\n"; #begin button $begin = <>; #waits x milliseconds sleep(10*$random_number); #pre-game $start = [ Time::HiRes::gettimeofday() ]; print "\n****************************\n"; #user presses enter $stop = <>; #post game $elapsed = Time::HiRes::tv_interval($start); #delay time print print "Your result: ".$elapsed." seconds.\n";

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  • Disabling repeating keyboard down event in as3

    - by psy-sci
    now I'm trying to make the keyboard events to stop repeating. My idea was to have a true and false condition for when the key is pressed so that it wont repeat if the key is down already. //Mouse Event Over keyCButton.addEventListener(MouseEvent.MOUSE_OVER, function(){gotoAndStop(2)}); //Variable var Qkey:uint = 81; //Key Down Event stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_DOWN, keydown); var soundplayed = false; function keydown(event:KeyboardEvent){ if (event.keyCode==Qkey) { this.soundplayed=true;} } if (this.soundplayed==false){ gotoAndPlay(3); } else {} //Key Up Event stage.addEventListener(KeyboardEvent.KEY_UP, keyup); function keyup(event:KeyboardEvent){ if (event.keyCode==Qkey) { this.soundplayed=true; gotoAndStop(1); } } doing this just turns off the key event I think i need to add a "&& keyDown..." to "if (this.soundplayed==true)" but i dont know how to do it without getting errors here is the keyboard player i'm trying to fix http://soulseekrecords.org/psysci/animation/piano.html

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  • How stop mp3 playing started with audioplayer

    - by bucche
    Hi, My application consists of a table view. row1, row2, row3.... When a cell is touched a different mp3 starts to play (row1.mp3, row2.mp3, row3.mp3....). it works! but i have a problem: i am not able to stop previous mp3, so if i touch a second cell i have 2 mp3s playing... if i touch a third cell i have 3 mp3s and so on... i want to stop mp3 that started before and play mp3 that is related to touched cell... during my tries, i created a variable to show some alerts if the player plays or not and when i am "inside the if" i used [myAudioPlayer stop].. i see the correct alert but mp3 doesn't stop. here is my code - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { NSArray *elementi = [[array objectAtIndex:indexPath.row] componentsSeparatedByString:@"|"]; NSURL *url = [NSURL fileURLWithPath:[NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@.mp3", [[NSBundle mainBundle] resourcePath],[elementi objectAtIndex:1]]]; NSError *error; myAudioPlayer = [[AVAudioPlayer alloc] initWithContentsOfURL:url error:&error]; myAudioPlayer.numberOfLoops = -1; if (inEsecuzione == 0) { UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"1" message:@"1" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"OK"otherButtonTitles:nil]; [alert show]; [alert release]; [myAudioPlayer play]; inEsecuzione = 1; } else { UIAlertView *alert = [[UIAlertView alloc] initWithTitle:@"2" message:@"2" delegate:nil cancelButtonTitle:@"OK"otherButtonTitles:nil]; [alert show]; [alert release]; [myAudioPlayer stop]; inEsecuzione = 0; } } as i wrote before, i am not able to stop previous mp3

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  • Streaming audio not working in Android

    - by user320293
    Hi, I'm sure that this question has been asked before but I've been unable to find a solid answer. I'm trying to load a streaming audio from a server. Its a audio/aac file http://3363.live.streamtheworld.com:80/CHUMFMAACCMP3 The code that I'm using is private void playAudio(String str) { try { final String path = str; if (path == null || path.length() == 0) { Toast.makeText(RadioPlayer.this, "File URL/path is empty", Toast.LENGTH_LONG).show(); } else { // If the path has not changed, just start the media player MediaPlayer mp = new MediaPlayer(); mp.setAudioStreamType(AudioManager.STREAM_MUSIC); try{ mp.setDataSource(getDataSource(path)); mp.prepareAsync(); mp.start(); }catch(IOException e){ Log.i("ONCREATE IOEXCEPTION", e.getMessage()); }catch(Exception e){ Log.i("ONCREATE EXCEPTION", e.getMessage()); } } } catch (Exception e) { Log.e("RPLAYER EXCEPTION", "error: " + e.getMessage(), e); } } private String getDataSource(String path) throws IOException { if (!URLUtil.isNetworkUrl(path)) { return path; } else { URL url = new URL(path); URLConnection cn = url.openConnection(); cn.connect(); InputStream stream = cn.getInputStream(); if (stream == null) throw new RuntimeException("stream is null"); File temp = File.createTempFile("mediaplayertmp", ".dat"); temp.deleteOnExit(); String tempPath = temp.getAbsolutePath(); FileOutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(temp); byte buf[] = new byte[128]; do { int numread = stream.read(buf); if (numread <= 0) break; out.write(buf, 0, numread); } while (true); try { stream.close(); } catch (IOException ex) { Log.e("RPLAYER IOEXCEPTION", "error: " + ex.getMessage(), ex); } return tempPath; } } Is this the correct implementation? I'm not sure where I'm going wrong. Can someone please please help me on this.

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  • Building a system that allows users to see a video only once

    - by Bart van Heukelom
    My client wants to distribute a video to some people, specifically car dealers, but he doesn't want the video to end up on Youtube or something like that. Therefore he wants the recipients of the video to be able to see it only once. My idea to implement this is: Generate a unique key per viewer Send each viewer a link to a page with a Flash based video player, with their key in the URL Have Flash get the video from the server. On the server the key is checked and the file sent (using php's readfile or something equivalent). Then the key is invalidated. I was thinking this wouldn't take more than a day to build. I know that if you want somebody to be able to play something, you implicitly give them the power to record it as well, but the client just wants me to make it as hard as possible. Do you think this is secure enough for the intended audience? Anything else I can do to add some security without exceeding the development time of 1 day? I'm also interested in ready made solutions, if they exist.

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  • fix needed for bug in TextField/Text

    - by Mark
    Sort of a complicated scenario - just curious if anyone else could come up with something: I have a Text control and when I scroll it and stop the scroll with the cursor over some text that has a url, the cursor doesn't revert to a hand, and also flash player starts acting as if a selection is being made from the last cursor position. So IOW a bonafide bug in flash as far as I can determine. The above probably wasn't completely clear so let me elaborate. If you grab a scrollbar thumb and start moving it up and down, you don't actually have to keep the mouse pointer on the thumb while doing so. When you stop the scroll, the mouse pointer could be outside the browser window, inside your flash application, but not currently on the scroll bar thumb, or wherever. The previously mentioned bug occurs when you stop the scroll with the mouse pointer positioned over text with an html anchor (a hyperlink). At that point the cursor enters into some state of limbo, and doesn't show the url hand pointer, and furthermore acts as if some text selection is taking place from the last cursor position prior to the scroll. So the question would be, what sort of event could I simulate in code to jolt flash out of this erroneous state it is in. And furthermore in what event could I perform this simulated event (given that for example there is no AS3 event to signal the end of a scroll.) To be clear, the Text control in question is on a canvas, and that canvas (call it A) is on another canvas which actually owns the scrollbar, and scrolling takes place by changing the scrollRect of canvas A.

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  • Need help with if else statement

    - by Michael Quiles
    I'm trying to do an else statement that would tell the user that the game ended in a draw (tic tac toe game). I got it where it works if played and there's a winner it will show another form declaring the winner through an if statement but I cant figure out the its a draw portion. using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; using System.Drawing; namespace MyGame { public class Result1 { static private int[,] Winners = new int[,] { // main gameplay Ex: if x is on 0,1,2 x is the winner {0,1,2}, {3,4,5}, {6,7,8}, {0,3,6}, {1,4,7}, {2,5,8}, {0,4,8}, {2,4,6}, }; static public bool CheckWinner(Button[] myControls) { //bolean statement to check for the winner bool gameOver = false; for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) { int a = Winners[i, 0]; int b = Winners[i, 1]; int c = Winners[i, 2]; Button b1 = myControls[a], b2 = myControls[b], b3 = myControls[c]; if (b1.Text == "" || b2.Text == "" || b3.Text == "") continue; if (b1.Text == b2.Text && b2.Text == b3.Text) { b1.BackColor = b2.BackColor = b3.BackColor = Color.LightCoral; b1.Font = b2.Font = b3.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 32F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Italic & System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((System.Byte)(0))); gameOver = true; xWinnerForm xWinnerForm = new xWinnerForm(); xWinnerForm.ShowDialog(); //only works with show not showDialog method gets overloaded (b1.Text + " is the Winner"); to get around this I added and image showing the last player } //else statement here for draw what code would I put in? } return gameOver; } } }

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  • How can I prevent text displacement for some foreign language fonts?

    - by weltraumpirat
    I have a multilingual project (currently 13 languages), which uses many different font variations of "Helvetica Neue", mostly bold, condensed and regular cuts from the LinoType Pro font set ( which includes western european characters) and the same for cyrillic. We will probably add chinese and japanese variations in the future. I have set up the project to use different CSS stylesheets and separately load the fonts for each version, depending on which language the user selects, so I can have different line heights, kerning and/or font sizes to make everything keep the original look, even if the fonts look nothing alike. All of this works well, except for one problem: For some reason, all cyrillic letters seem to be displaced. They appear 2-3 pixels below the correct base line, and actually protrude across the textfield's bottom border, even when the field is set to autosize. When I use textfield.getCharBoundaries(), all values seem to be correct, even though they obviously aren't rendered correctly. To make everything look neat, I could of course manually move all problematic textfields up or down according to language and font size, but I was wondering if there was some way to prevent or at least detect this kind of displacement in order to automatically handle the adjustments - the Flash Player should have some sort of information on how things are rendered, shouldn't it? Have any of you had similar problems? Or better yet: a solution?

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  • Playing craps, asking and printing

    - by Angelo Mejia
    How do I ask the amount of games of craps someone wants to play and print the number of wins as a result of n number of games? Also How do I make a table in the main method using the previous methods I have? A table like this but shows the results: Percent Wins Games Experiment Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 100 1000 10000 100000 1000000 public class CrapsAnalysis { public static int rollDie( int n) { return (int)(Math.random()*n) + 1 ; } public static int rollDice( ) { int die1 ; int die2 ; die1 = rollDie(6) ; die2 = rollDie(6) ; return die1 + die2 ; } public static boolean playOneGame( ) { int newDice ; //repeated dice rolls int roll ; //first roll of the dice int playerPoint = 0 ; //player point if no win or loss on first roll newDice = rollDice() ; roll = rollDice() ; if (roll == 7 || roll == 11) return true; else if (roll == 2 || roll == 3 || roll == 12) return false; else { playerPoint = roll; newDice = rollDice(); do { newDice = rollDice(); } while (newDice != playerPoint || newDice != 7) ; if (newDice == 7) return false; else return true; } } public static int playGames ( int n ) { int numWon = 0; for (int i = 1; i <= n; i++) if(playOneGame()) numWon++; return numWon; } public static void main(String[] args) { //Don't know how to ask and print out the results of the number of wins depending on the n number of games played } }

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  • user interface pattern for associating single or many objects to an entity

    - by Samuel
    Need suggestions on implementing associating single or many objects to an entity. All soccer team players are registered individually (e.g. they are part of 'players' table) A soccer team has many players. The click sequence is like this:- a] Soccer team owner provides a name and brief description of the soccer team. b] Now it wants to add players to this team. c] You have the following button 'Add players to team' which lets you navigate to the 'View Players' page and lets you multi select users from there. Assuming this is a paginated list of players, how do you handle the following:- Do you provide a check box against each player and let the manager do a multi selection. If you need to add more players, it doesn't make sense to show the players who have been already added to the team. Do you mark those entries as not selectable or you would adding showing these entries. If you need to filter, do you provide search filters at the top of this page. Am looking for ideas on how to implement this or sites which have already done something similar.

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  • DB Architecture : Linking to intersection or to main tables?

    - by Jean-Nicolas
    Hi, I'm creating fantasy football system on my website but i'm very confuse about how I should link some of my table. Tables The main table is Pool which have all the info about the ruling of the fantasy draft. A standard table User, which contains the usual stuff. Intersection table called pools_users which contains id,pool_id,user_id because a user could be in more than one pool, and a pool contains more than 1 user. The problem Table Selections = that's the table that is causing problem. That's the selection that the user choose for his pool. This is related to the Player table but thats not relevant for this problem. Should I link this table to the table Pools_users or should I link it with both main table Pool and User. This table contains id,pool_id,user_id,player_id,... What is the best way link my tables? When I want to retrieve my data, I normally want the information to be divided BY users. "This user have those selections, this one those selections, etc).

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  • IE7 & IE8 error executing function with ajax

    - by Yahreen
    I am loading an ajax page which executes an HTML5 video player script. The function for the Flash fallback is html5media(); : //Load 1st Case Study $("#splash").live('click', function (e) { $(this).fadeOut('slow', function () { $('#case-studies').load('case-study-1.html', function() { html5media(); //initiate Flash fallback }).fadeIn(); }); e.preventDefault(); }); This initial page load works fine in IE7 & IE8. The problem is once this page is loaded, there are links to 4 more videos which are loaded in again using ajax. I use this function: //Switcher function csClients(url, client) { $("#case-studies").fadeOut('slow', function() { $('#case-studies').load(url, function () { html5media(); //initiate Flash fallback }).fadeIn(); }); } //Page Loader $("#cs-client-list li.client1 a").live('click', function(e) { csClients('case-study-1.html', 'client1'); e.preventDefault(); }); Originally I was using return false; but none of the sub-page Flash videos would load in IE7. When I switched to preventDefault, the videos loaded in IE7 but still not in IE8. I also get a weird error in both IE7 & IE8 with no helpful feedback: Error on Page: Unspecified error. / (Line 49) Code: 0 (Char 5) URI: http://www.mysite.com This is line 49 in my index page: <section id="case-studies" class="main-section"> I have a feeling it has to do with calling html5media(); too many times? At a loss...

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  • Is there anything inherently wrong with long variable/method names in Java?

    - by Doug Smith
    I know this is probably is a question of personal opinion, but I want to know what's standard practice and what would be frowned upon. One of my profs in university always seems to make his variable and method names as short as possible (getAmt() instead of getAmount) for instance. I have no objection to this, but personally, I prefer to have mine a little longer if it adds descriptiveness so the person reading it won't have to check or refer to documentation. For instance, we made a method that given a list of players, returns the player who scored the most goals. I made the method getPlayerWithMostGoals(), is this wrong? I toiled over choosing a way to make it shorter for awhile, but then I thought "why?". It gets the point across clearly and Eclipse makes it easy to autocomplete it when I type. I'm just wondering if the short variable names are a piece of the past due to needing everything to be as small as possible to be efficient. Is this still a requirement?

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  • JavaScript functions in footer

    - by Djave
    I'm currently using html5 boilerplate, which puts jQuery and your plugins into the footer. The only problem is, I use the same footer.php file in every page. How do I go about including page specific functions if the plugins aren't loaded yet? I.e. <?php include_layout_template('header.php', '../');?> <div id='mediaspace'>This text will be replaced</div> <!-- Video for this page: --> <script type='text/javascript'> jwplayer('mediaspace').setup({ 'flashplayer': '../resources/player.swf', 'file': 'http://content.longtailvideo.com/videos/flvplayer.flv', 'controlbar': 'bottom', 'width': '470', 'height': '320' }); </script> <?php //This file has the jwplayer function in it: include_layout_template('footer.php', '../'); ?> Doing this I get Uncaught ReferenceError: jwplayer is not defined Is it going to be easier to just put the plugin includes in the header? How do people usually tackle stuff like this in boilerplate/loading scripts at the end?

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  • japanese input display outside of TextField created into ScrollPane

    - by soetheingilynn
    hello... I'm new to ActionScript 2.0. plz kindly help me. I have created the MainMovieClip and Scrollbar as follow .... my problem is that when I input japanese characters,the characters display at the top corner of the swf until I confirm the input. how can I do it?? if I install FlashPlayer "flashplayer10_1_rc2_plugin_041910", then the japanese characters display in the textfield normally....why is that??? plz..help me. with flash player 10.0, I can't input the japanese characters in the textfield. var mcMain:MovieClip = this.createEmptyMovieClip("mcMain", this.getNextHighestDepth()); scrp.contentPath = "scrollMovieClip"; mcMain = scrp.content; var textholder:TextField = mcMain.createTextField("txt", mcMain.getNextHighestDepth(), 50, 50, 100, 50); mcMain.txt.setFocus(); mcMain.txt.type = "input"; mcMain.txt.wordWrap = true; mcMain.txt.multiline = true; mcMain.txt.background = true; mcMain.txt.border = true; mcMain.txt.selectable = true; thanks in advanced...anyone.

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  • How can show data from another form

    - by Michael Quiles
    This is basically a tic tac toe game, and I have another form called Winner.cs when a player wins I want it to call the form (this part works) and then I want it to say xWinner.label =b1.text"" + has won the game!. the part I cant get to work is displaying the text in the winners form label. There's an example of a message box that commented out for reference instead of b1.text using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Text; using System.Windows.Forms; namespace MyGame { public class Result1 { static private int[,] Winners = new int[,] { {0,1,2}, {3,4,5}, {6,7,8}, {0,3,6}, {1,4,7}, {2,5,8}, {0,4,8}, {2,4,6}, }; static public bool CheckWinner(Button[] myControls) { bool gameOver = false; for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) { int a = Winners[i, 0], b = Winners[i, 1], c = Winners[i, 2]; Button b1 = myControls[a], b2 = myControls[b], b3 = myControls[c]; if (b1.Text == "" || b2.Text == "" || b3.Text == "") continue; if (b1.Text == b2.Text && b2.Text == b3.Text) { b1.BackColor = b2.BackColor = b3.BackColor = System.Drawing.Color.LightCoral; b1.Font = b2.Font = b3.Font = new System.Drawing.Font("Microsoft Sans Serif", 32F, System.Drawing.FontStyle.Italic & System.Drawing.FontStyle.Bold, System.Drawing.GraphicsUnit.Point, ((System.Byte)(0))); gameOver = true; Form xWinnerForm = new xWinnerForm(); xWinnerForm.Show(); //MessageBox.Show(b1.Text + " .... Wins the game!", "Game End", MessageBoxButtons.OK); //break; } } return gameOver; } } }

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  • Why do the usable sizes differ

    - by Raigex
    Again, dont really know how to phrase the question so I will explain. I have a video recorder application. I open my camera with cameraRecorder = Camera.open(1); //(this is the front facing camera) And get the camera parameters and all supported preview sizes CameraParameters tmpParams = cameraRecorder.getParameters(); List<Camera.Size> tmpList = tmpParams.getSupportedPreviewSizes(); one of the preview sizes on the Galaxy Tab 10.1 running ICS (4.0.4) is 800x600 but when I try to set the Video size in my media Player mediaRecorder.setVideoSize(800,600); I get this error: 12-19 17:27:55.035: E/CameraSource(110): Video dimension (800x600) is unsupported 12-19 17:27:55.035: E/StagefrightRecorder(110): cameraSource do not init 12-19 17:27:55.035: E/StagefrightRecorder(110): setupCameraSource failed. (-19) 12-19 17:27:55.035: E/StagefrightRecorder(110): setupMediaSource is failed. (-19) 12-19 17:27:55.035: E/StagefrightRecorder(110): setupMPEG4Recording is failed. (-19) 12-19 17:27:55.035: E/MediaRecorder(30119): start failed: -19 Does anyone know why this discrepancy might exist (I know one of the supported record sizes is 1280x720 but that is too big for me).

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  • Why doesn't ${locale} resolve in my <compc> Ant task?

    - by user165462
    I've seen a number of examples, e.g. here, where people are including locale resource bundles by referencing the locale attribute in the element. For some reason this doesn't work for me. Here's what I have for the task: <compc output="${deploy.dir}/myfrmwrk.swc" locale="en_US"> <source-path path-element="${basedir}/src/main/flex"/> <include-sources dir="${basedir}/src/main/flex" includes="*" /> <include-libraries file="${basedir}/libs"/> <compiler.external-library-path dir="${FLEX_HOME}/frameworks/libs/player/9" append="true"> <include name="playerglobal.swc"/> </compiler.external-library-path> <compiler.library-path dir="${FLEX_HOME}/frameworks" append="true"> <include name="libs"/> <include name="locale/${locale}"/> </compiler.library-path> <load-config filename="${basedir}/fb3config.xml" /> </compc> This fails with a bunch of errors of the form: [compc] Error: could not find source for resource bundle ... I can make it build with this one change: <include name="locale/en_US"/> The configuration file generated by Flex Builder 3 actually renders this as "locale/{locale}" (notice the $ is missing). I've tried that as well with the same (failing) results. For now, I'm doing OK directly injecting en_US as we won't be doing localization bundles for quite some time, but I will eventually need to get this working. Also, it bugs me that I can't make it work the way that it SHOULD work!

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  • Dynamically change embedded video src in IE/Chrome (works in Firefox)

    - by macca1
    I'm trying to dynamically change an embedded video on a page. It's working in Firefox but for some reason it's not working in IE and Chrome (strange combination). Here's the HTML: <object id="viewer" width="575" height="344"> <param name="wmode" value="transparent" /> <param name="movie" value="http://www.youtube.com/v/Lmn94kn08Lw&hl=en&fs=1&color1=0x006699&color2=0x54abd6&rel=0" /> <param name="allowFullScreen" value="true" /> <embed id="embeddedPlayer" src="http://www.youtube.com/v/Lmn94kn08Lw&hl=en&fs=1&color1=0x006699&color2=0x54abd6&rel=0" type="application/x-shockwave-flash" allowfullscreen="true" width="575" height="344" wmode="transparent"></embed> </object> And here's my javascript code. A link is clicked to change the video: $("#video a").click( function() { var videoAddress = $(this).attr("href"); $("#embeddedPlayer").attr("src", videoAddress); return false; // stop the default link so it just reloads in the video player } ); Like I said the videos are changing perfectly in Firefox but in IE and Chrome nothing happens. Any ideas?

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  • How come the Actionscript 3 ENTER_FRAME event is crazy nuts?

    - by nstory
    So, I've been toying around with Flash, browsing through the documentation, and all that, and noticed that the ENTER_FRAME event seems to defy my expectation of a deterministic universe. Take the following example: (new MovieClip()).addEventListener(Event.ENTER_FRAME, function(ev) {trace("Test");}); Notice this anonymous MovieClip is not added to the display hierarchy, and any reference to it is immediately lost. It will actually print "Test" once a frame until it is garbage collected. How insane is that? The behavior of this is actually determined by when the garbage collector feels like coming around in all its unpredictable insanity! Is there a better way to create intermittent failures? Seriously. My two theories are that either the DisplayObject class stores weak references to all its instances for the purpose of dispatching ENTER_FRAME events, or, and much wilder, the Flash player actually scans the heap each frame looking for ENTER_FRAME listeners to pull on. Can any hardened Actionscript developer clue me in on how this works? (And maybe a why - the - f**k they thought this was a good idea?)

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  • Delphi: EInvalidOp in neural network class (TD-lambda)

    - by user89818
    I have the following draft for a neural network class. This neural network should learn with TD-lambda. It is started by calling the getRating() function. But unfortunately, there is an EInvalidOp (invalid floading point operation) error after about 1000 iterations in the following lines: neuronsHidden[j] := neuronsHidden[j]+neuronsInput[t][i]*weightsInput[i][j]; // input -> hidden weightsHidden[j][k] := weightsHidden[j][k]+LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]; // adjust hidden->output weights according to TD-lambda Why is this error? I can't find the mistake in my code :( Can you help me? Thank you very much in advance! unit uNeuronalesNetz; interface uses Windows, Messages, SysUtils, Variants, Classes, Graphics, Controls, Forms, Dialogs, ExtCtrls, StdCtrls, Grids, Menus, Math; const NEURONS_INPUT = 43; // number of neurons in the input layer NEURONS_HIDDEN = 60; // number of neurons in the hidden layer NEURONS_OUTPUT = 1; // number of neurons in the output layer NEURONS_TOTAL = NEURONS_INPUT+NEURONS_HIDDEN+NEURONS_OUTPUT; // total number of neurons in the network MAX_TIMESTEPS = 42; // maximum number of timesteps possible (after 42 moves: board is full) LEARNING_RATE_INPUT = 0.25; // in ideal case: decrease gradually in course of training LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN = 0.15; // in ideal case: decrease gradually in course of training GAMMA = 0.9; LAMBDA = 0.7; // decay parameter for eligibility traces type TFeatureVector = Array[1..43] of SmallInt; // definition of the array type TFeatureVector TArtificialNeuralNetwork = class // definition of the class TArtificialNeuralNetwork private // GENERAL SETTINGS START learningMode: Boolean; // does the network learn and change its weights? // GENERAL SETTINGS END // NETWORK CONFIGURATION START neuronsInput: Array[1..MAX_TIMESTEPS] of Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Extended; // array of all input neurons (their values) for every timestep neuronsHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Extended; // array of all hidden neurons (their values) neuronsOutput: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of output neurons (their values) weightsInput: Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Extended; // array of weights: input->hidden weightsHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of weights: hidden->output // NETWORK CONFIGURATION END // LEARNING SETTINGS START outputBefore: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the network's output value in the last timestep (the one before) eligibilityTraceHidden: Array[1..NEURONS_INPUT] of Array[1..NEURONS_HIDDEN] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // array of eligibility traces: hidden layer eligibilityTraceOutput: Array[1..NEURONS_TOTAL] of Array[1..NEURONS_TOTAL] of Extended; // array of eligibility traces: output layer reward: Array[1..MAX_TIMESTEPS] of Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the reward value for all output neurons in every timestep tdError: Array[1..NEURONS_OUTPUT] of Extended; // the network's error value for every single output neuron t: Byte; // current timestep cyclesTrained: Integer; // number of cycles trained so far (learning rates could be decreased accordingly) last50errors: Array[1..50] of Extended; // LEARNING SETTINGS END public constructor Create; // create the network object and do the initialization procedure UpdateEligibilityTraces; // update the eligibility traces for the hidden and output layer procedure tdLearning; // learning algorithm: adjust the network's weights procedure ForwardPropagation; // propagate the input values through the network to the output layer function getRating(state: TFeatureVector; explorative: Boolean): Extended; // get the rating for a given state (feature vector) function HyperbolicTangent(x: Extended): Extended; // calculate the hyperbolic tangent [-1;1] procedure StartNewCycle; // start a new cycle with everything set to default except for the weights procedure setLearningMode(activated: Boolean=TRUE); // switch the learning mode on/off procedure setInputs(state: TFeatureVector); // transfer the given feature vector to the input layer (set input neurons' values) procedure setReward(currentReward: SmallInt); // set the reward for the current timestep (with learning then or without) procedure nextTimeStep; // increase timestep t function getCyclesTrained(): Integer; // get the number of cycles trained so far procedure Visualize(imgHidden: Pointer); // visualize the neural network's hidden layer end; implementation procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.UpdateEligibilityTraces; var i, j, k: Integer; begin // how worthy is a weight to be adjusted? for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k] := LAMBDA*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]+(neuronsOutput[k]*(1-neuronsOutput[k]))*neuronsHidden[j]; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k] := LAMBDA*eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k]+(neuronsOutput[k]*(1-neuronsOutput[k]))*weightsHidden[j][k]*neuronsHidden[j]*(1-neuronsHidden[j])*neuronsInput[t][i]; end; end; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setReward; VAR i: Integer; begin for i := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin // +1 = player A wins // 0 = draw // -1 = player B wins reward[t][i] := currentReward; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.tdLearning; var i, j, k: Integer; begin if learningMode then begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin if reward[t][k] = 0 then begin tdError[k] := GAMMA*neuronsOutput[k]-outputBefore[k]; // network's error value when reward is 0 end else begin tdError[k] := reward[t][k]-outputBefore[k]; // network's error value in the final state (reward received) end; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin weightsHidden[j][k] := weightsHidden[j][k]+LEARNING_RATE_HIDDEN*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k]; // adjust hidden->output weights according to TD-lambda for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin weightsInput[i][j] := weightsInput[i][j]+LEARNING_RATE_INPUT*tdError[k]*eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k]; // adjust input->hidden weights according to TD-lambda end; end; end; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.ForwardPropagation; var i, j, k: Integer; begin for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsHidden[j] := 0; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin neuronsHidden[j] := neuronsHidden[j]+neuronsInput[t][i]*weightsInput[i][j]; // input -> hidden end; neuronsHidden[j] := HyperbolicTangent(neuronsHidden[j]); // activation of hidden neuron j end; for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin neuronsOutput[k] := 0; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsOutput[k] := neuronsOutput[k]+neuronsHidden[j]*weightsHidden[j][k]; // hidden -> output end; neuronsOutput[k] := HyperbolicTangent(neuronsOutput[k]); // activation of output neuron k end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setLearningMode; begin learningMode := activated; end; constructor TArtificialNeuralNetwork.Create; var i, j, k: Integer; begin inherited Create; Randomize; // initialize random numbers generator learningMode := TRUE; cyclesTrained := -2; // only set to -2 because it will be increased twice in the beginning StartNewCycle; for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin weightsHidden[j][k] := abs(Random-0.5); // initialize weights: 0 <= random < 0.5 end; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin weightsInput[i][j] := abs(Random-0.5); // initialize weights: 0 <= random < 0.5 end; end; for i := 1 to 50 do begin last50errors[i] := 0; end; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.nextTimeStep; begin t := t+1; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.StartNewCycle; var i, j, k, m: Integer; begin t := 1; // start in timestep 1 cyclesTrained := cyclesTrained+1; // increase the number of cycles trained so far for j := 1 to NEURONS_HIDDEN do begin neuronsHidden[j] := 0; for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceOutput[j][k] := 0; outputBefore[k] := 0; neuronsOutput[k] := 0; for m := 1 to MAX_TIMESTEPS do begin reward[m][k] := 0; end; end; for i := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_OUTPUT do begin eligibilityTraceHidden[i][j][k] := 0; end; end; end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.getCyclesTrained; begin result := cyclesTrained; end; procedure TArtificialNeuralNetwork.setInputs; var k: Integer; begin for k := 1 to NEURONS_INPUT do begin neuronsInput[t][k] := state[k]; end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.getRating; begin setInputs(state); ForwardPropagation; result := neuronsOutput[1]; if not explorative then begin tdLearning; // adjust the weights according to TD-lambda ForwardPropagation; // calculate the network's output again outputBefore[1] := neuronsOutput[1]; // set outputBefore which will then be used in the next timestep UpdateEligibilityTraces; // update the eligibility traces for the next timestep nextTimeStep; // go to the next timestep end; end; function TArtificialNeuralNetwork.HyperbolicTangent; begin if x > 5500 then // prevent overflow result := 1 else result := (Exp(2*x)-1)/(Exp(2*x)+1); end; end.

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