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  • How do functional languages handle a mocking situation when using Interface based design?

    - by Programmin Tool
    Typically in C# I use dependency injection to help with mocking; public void UserService { public UserService(IUserQuery userQuery, IUserCommunicator userCommunicator, IUserValidator userValidator) { UserQuery = userQuery; UserValidator = userValidator; UserCommunicator = userCommunicator; } ... public UserResponseModel UpdateAUserName(int userId, string userName) { var result = UserValidator.ValidateUserName(userName) if(result.Success) { var user = UserQuery.GetUserById(userId); if(user == null) { throw new ArgumentException(); user.UserName = userName; UserCommunicator.UpdateUser(user); } } ... } ... } public class WhenGettingAUser { public void AndTheUserDoesNotExistThrowAnException() { var userQuery = Substitute.For<IUserQuery>(); userQuery.GetUserById(Arg.Any<int>).Returns(null); var userService = new UserService(userQuery); AssertionExtensions.ShouldThrow<ArgumentException>(() => userService.GetUserById(-121)); } } Now in something like F#: if I don't go down the hybrid path, how would I test workflow situations like above that normally would touch the persistence layer without using Interfaces/Mocks? I realize that every step above would be tested on its own and would be kept as atomic as possible. Problem is that at some point they all have to be called in line, and I'll want to make sure everything is called correctly.

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  • WCF REST Error Handler

    - by Elton Stoneman
    I’ve put up on GitHub a sample WCF error handler for REST services, which returns proper HTTP status codes in response to service errors.   The code is very simple – a ServiceBehavior implementation which can be specified in config to tag the RestErrorHandler to a service. Any uncaught exceptions will be routed to the error handler, which sets the HTTP status code and description in the response, based on the type of exception.   The sample defines a ClientException which can be thrown in code to indicate a problem with the client’s request, and the response will be a status 400 with a friendly error message:       throw new ClientException("Invalid userId. Must be provided as a positive integer");   - responds:   Request URL http://localhost/Sixeyed.WcfRestErrorHandler.Sample/ErrorProneService.svc/lastLogin?userId=xyz   Error Status Code: 400, Description: Invalid userId. Must be provided as a positive integer   Any other uncaught exceptions are hidden from the client. The full details are logged with a GUID to identify the error, and the response to the client is a status 500 with a generic message giving them the GUID to follow up on:       var iUserId = 0;     var dbz = 1 / iUserId;   - logs the divide-by-zero error and responds:   Request URL http://localhost/Sixeyed.WcfRestErrorHandler.Sample/ErrorProneService.svc/dbz     Error Status Code: 500, Description: Something has gone wrong. Please contact our support team with helpdesk ID: C9C5A968-4AEA-48C7-B90A-DEC986F80DA5   The sample demonstrates two techniques for building the response. For client exceptions, a friendly HTML response is sent in the body as well as the status code and description. Personally I prefer not to do that – it doesn’t make sense to get a 400 error and find text/html when you’re expecting application/json, but it’s easy to do if that’s the functionality you want. The other option is to send an empty response, which the sample does with server exceptions.   The obvious extension is to have multiple exceptions representing all the status codes you want to provide, then your code is as simple as throwing the relevant exception – UnauthorizedException, ForbiddenExeption, NotImplementedException etc – anywhere in the stack, and it will be handled nicely.

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  • Assignments in mock return values

    - by zerkms
    (I will show examples using php and phpunit but this may be applied to any programming language) The case: let's say we have a method A::foo that delegates some work to class M and returns the value as-is. Which of these solutions would you choose: $mock = $this->getMock('M'); $mock->expects($this->once()) ->method('bar') ->will($this->returnValue('baz')); $obj = new A($mock); $this->assertEquals('baz', $obj->foo()); or $mock = $this->getMock('M'); $mock->expects($this->once()) ->method('bar') ->will($this->returnValue($result = 'baz')); $obj = new A($mock); $this->assertEquals($result, $obj->foo()); or $result = 'baz'; $mock = $this->getMock('M'); $mock->expects($this->once()) ->method('bar') ->will($this->returnValue($result)); $obj = new A($mock); $this->assertEquals($result, $obj->foo()); Personally I always follow the 2nd solution, but just 10 minutes ago I had a conversation with couple of developers who said that it is "too tricky" and chose 3rd or 1st. So what would you usually do? And do you have any conventions to follow in such cases?

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  • Preferred lambda syntax?

    - by Roger Alsing
    I'm playing around a bit with my own C like DSL grammar and would like some oppinions. I've reserved the use of "(...)" for invocations. eg: foo(1,2); My grammar supports "trailing closures" , pretty much like Ruby's blocks that can be passed as the last argument of an invocation. Currently my grammar support trailing closures like this: foo(1,2) { //parameterless closure passed as the last argument to foo } or foo(1,2) [x] { //closure with one argument (x) passed as the last argument to foo print (x); } The reason why I use [args] instead of (args) is that (args) is ambigious: foo(1,2) (x) { } There is no way in this case to tell if foo expects 3 arguments (int,int,closure(x)) or if foo expects 2 arguments and returns a closure with one argument(int,int) - closure(x) So thats pretty much the reason why I use [] as for now. I could change this to something like: foo(1,2) : (x) { } or foo(1,2) (x) -> { } So the actual question is, what do you think looks best? [...] is somewhat wrist unfriendly. let x = [a,b] { } Ideas?

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  • A generic Re-usable C# Property Parser utility [on hold]

    - by Shyam K Pananghat
    This is about a utility i have happened to write which can parse through the properties of a data contracts at runtime using reflection. The input required is a look like XPath string. since this is using reflection, you dont have to add the reference to any of your data contracts thus making pure generic and re- usable.. you can read about this and get the full c# sourcecode here. Property-Parser-A-C-utility-to-retrieve-values-from-any-Net-Data-contracts-at-runtime Now about the doubts which i have about this utility. i am using this utility enormously i many places of my code I am using Regex repeatedly inside a recursion method. does this affect the memmory usage or GC collection badly ?do i have to dispose this manually. if yes how ?. The statements like obj.GetType().GetProperty() and obj.GetType().GetField() returns .net "object" which makes difficult or imposible to introduce generics here. Does this cause to have any overheads like boxing ? on an overall, please suggest to make this utility performance efficient and more light weight on memmory

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  • Fatal X server error: Failed to submit to batchbuffer

    - by Jan
    Ubuntu 10.04 Lucid Lynx used to run fine on my computer. Since a few weeks, my X server crashes out of the blue while the computer is idle and I'm logged into a Gnome session. (I'm then greeted with a new GDM login prompt). After the crash, /var/log/gdm/:0.log.1 has the following: Fatal server error: Failed to submit batchbuffer: Input/output error Please consult the The X.Org Foundation support at http://wiki.x.org for help. ~/.xsession-errors.old has symptoms of X clinets dying: nm-applet: Fatal IO error 11 (Die Ressource ist zur Zeit nicht verfügbar) on X server :0.0. dmesg says: [191848.390081] [drm:i915_hangcheck_elapsed] ERROR Hangcheck timer elapsed... GPU hung [191848.390086] render error detected, EIR: 0x00000010 [191848.390088] IPEIR: 0x00000000 [191848.390090] IPEHR: 0x01800002 [191848.390091] INSTDONE: 0xffffffff [191848.390093] INSTPS: 0x8001e020 [191848.390095] INSTDONE1: 0xbfffffff [191848.390097] ACTHD: 0x0a47b014 [191848.390099] page table error [191848.390100] PGTBL_ER: 0x00000002 [191848.390103] [drm:i915_handle_error] ERROR EIR stuck: 0x00000010, masking [191848.390127] [drm:i915_do_wait_request] ERROR i915_do_wait_request returns -5 (awaiting 5617217 at 5617205) Is this a known problem that can be traced back to the X server from Ubuntu repositories? How would I debug this? Edit: There's a relevant bug on LP.

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  • Java - Using Linear Coordinates to Check Against AI [closed]

    - by Oliver Jones
    I'm working on some artificial intelligence, and I want my AI not to run into given coordinates as these are references of a wall/boundary. To begin with, every time my AI hits a wall, it makes a reference to that position (x,y). When it hits the same wall three times, it uses linear check points to 'imagine' there is a wall going through these coordinates. I want to now prevent my AI from going into that wall again. To detect if my coordinates make a straight line, i use: private boolean collinear(double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2, double x3, double y3) { return (y1 - y2) * (x1 - x3) == (y1 - y3) * (x1 - x2); } This returns true is the given points are linear to one another. So my problems are: How do I determine whether my robot is approaching the wall from its current trajectory? Instead of Java 'imagining' theres a line from 1, to 3. But to 'imagine' a line all the way through these linear coordinantes, until infinity (or close). I have a feeling this is going to require some confusing trigonometry? (REPOST: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/13542592/java-using-linear-coordinates-to-check-against-ai)

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  • URL is generating a /#!/splash-page

    - by user32642
    My site for some reason is generating a shebang - /#!/splash-page on the URL. For example when I type www.modernvintage1005.com, the browser returns www.modernvintage1005.com/#!/splash-page and every subsequent page is /#!/about, /#!/contact, and so forth. There's absolutely nothing on the Google about this. There is a lot of rewrite help to eliminate .index.php from the home page, but that's it. How do I rewrite it to just say domain.com and domain.com/about.html, etc.? Here is my .htaccess file if you need to see it. # Rewrite Rule <IfModule mod_rewrite.c> RewriteEngine On RewriteBase / RewriteRule ^index\.php$ - [L] RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-f RewriteCond %{REQUEST_FILENAME} !-d RewriteRule . /index.php [L] </IfModule> # compress text, html, javascript, css, xml: <IfModule mod_deflate.c> AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/plain AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/html AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE text/css AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/xhtml+xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/rss+xml AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/javascript AddOutputFilterByType DEFLATE application/x-javascript AddType x-font/otf .otf AddType x-font/ttf .ttf AddType x-font/eot .eot AddType x-font/woff .woff AddType image/x-icon .ico AddType image/png .png </IfModule> ## EXPIRES CACHING ## <IfModule mod_expires.c> ExpiresActive On ExpiresByType image/jpg "access 1 year" ExpiresByType image/jpeg "access 1 year" ExpiresByType image/gif "access 1 year" ExpiresByType image/png "access 1 year" ExpiresByType text/css "access 1 month" ExpiresByType application/pdf "access 1 month" ExpiresByType text/x-javascript "access 1 month" ExpiresByType application/x-shockwave-flash "access 1 month" ExpiresByType image/x-icon "access 1 year" ExpiresDefault "access 2 days" </IfModule> ## EXPIRES CACHING ##

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  • Entry level engineer question regarding memory mangement

    - by Ealianis
    It has been a few months since I started my position as an entry level software developer. Now that I am past some learning curves (e.g. the language, jargon, syntax of VB and C#) I'm starting to focus on more esoteric topics, as to write better software. A simple question I presented to a fellow coworker was responded with "I'm focusing on the wrong things." While I respect this coworker I do disagree that this is a "wrong thing" to focus upon. Here was the code (in VB) and followed by the question. Note: The Function GenerateAlert() returns an integer. Dim alertID as Integer = GenerateAlert() _errorDictionary.Add(argErrorID, NewErrorInfo(Now(), alertID)) vs... _errorDictionary.Add(argErrorID, New ErrorInfo(Now(), GenerateAlert())) I originally wrote the ladder and rewrote it with the "Dim alertID" so that someone else might find it easier to read. But here was my concern and question. "Should one write this with the Dim AlertID, it would in fact take up more memory; finite but more, and should this method be called many times could it lead to an issue? How will .NET handle this object AlertID. Outside of .NET should one manually dispose of the object after use (near the end of the sub)." I want to ensure I become a knowledgeable programmer that does not just rely upon garbage collection. Am I over thinking this? Am I focusing on the wrong things?

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  • Is writing recursive functions hard for you?

    - by null
    I'm taking a computer science course now. I feel it is so hard compared to my polytechnic IT course. I can't understand recursive methods well. How do you manage to get your brain to understand it? When the recursive method returns back, my brain can not trace it nicely. Is there a better way to understand recursion? How do you start learning it? Is it normal that feel that it is very hard at then beginning? Look at the example, I'm very surprised how can I write this if it appears in exam. public class Permute { public static void main(String[] args) { new Permute().printPerms(3); } boolean[] used; int max; public void printPerms(int size) { used = new boolean[size]; max = size; for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) { used[i] = false; } perms(size, ""); } public void perms(int remaining, String res) { if (remaining == 0) { System.out.println(res); } else { for (int i = 0; i < max; i++) { if (!(used[i])) { used[i] = true; perms(remaining - 1, res + " " + i); used[i] = false; } } } } }

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  • PHP Calculating Text to Content Ratio

    - by James
    I am using the following code to calculate text to code ratio. I think it is crazy that no one can agree on how to properly calculate the result. I am looking any suggestions or ideas to improve this code that may make it more accurate. <?php // Returns the size of the content in bytes function findKb($content){ $count=0; $order = array("\r\n", "\n", "\r", "chr(13)", "\t", "\0", "\x0B"); $content = str_replace($order, "12", $content); for ($index = 0; $index < strlen($content); $index ++){ $byte = ord($content[$index]); if ($byte <= 127) { $count++; } else if ($byte >= 194 && $byte <= 223) { $count=$count+2; } else if ($byte >= 224 && $byte <= 239) { $count=$count+3; } else if ($byte >= 240 && $byte <= 244) { $count=$count+4; } } return $count; } // Collect size of entire code $filesize = findKb($content); // Remove anything within script tags $code = preg_replace("@<script[^>]*>.+</script[^>]*>@i", "", $content); // Remove anything within style tags $code = preg_replace("@<style[^>]*>.+</style[^>]*>@i", "", $content); // Remove all tags from the system $code = strip_tags($code); // Remove Extra whitespace from the content $code = preg_replace( '/\s+/', ' ', $code ); // Find the size of the remaining code $codesize = findKb($code); // Calculate Percentage $percent = $codesize/$filesize; $percentage = $percent*100; echo $percentage; ?> I don't know the exact calculations that are used so this function is just my guess. Does anyone know what the proper calculations are or if my functions are close enough for a good judgement.

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  • Advice on reconciling discordant data

    - by Justin
    Let me support my question with a quick scenario. We're writing an app for family meal planning. We'll produce daily plans with a target calorie goal and meals to achieve it for our nuclear family. Our calorie goal will be calculated for each person from their attributes (gender, age, weight, activity level). The weight attribute is the simplest example here. When Dad (the fascist nerd who is inflicting this on his family) first uses the application he throws approximate values into it for Daughter. He thinks she is 5'2" (157 cm) and 125 lbs (56kg). The next day Mom sits down to generate the menu and looks back over what the bumbling Dad did, quietly fumes that he can never recall anything about the family, and says the value is really 118 lbs! This is the first introduction of the discord. It seems, in this scenario, Mom is probably more correct that Dad. Though both are only an approximation of the actual value. The next day the dear Daughter decides to use the program and sees her weight listed. With the vanity only a teenager could muster she changes the weight to 110 lbs. Later that day the Mom returns home from a doctor's visit the Daughter needed and decides that it would be a good idea to update her Daughter's weight in the program. Hooray, another value, this time 117 lbs. Now how do you reconcile these data points? Measurement error, confidence in parties, bias, and more all confound the data. In some idealized world we'd have a weight authority of some nature providing the one and only truth. How about in our world though? And the icing on the cake is that this single data point changes over time. How have you guys solved or managed this conflict?

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  • Used mountmanager now Ubuntu hangs on boot

    - by fpghost
    I was using MountManager in Ubuntu 12.04 to set user permissions in mounting hard drives. I set each partititon to be mountable by everyone instead of admin only. Then I clicked Apply in the file menu and it gave me the message successfully updated. Upon restarting Ubuntu, just hangs on the splash screen and does not boot any further. Windows still boots fine. How can I fix these? please help thanks From LiveUSB: my fstab looks like: overlayfs / overlayfs rw 0 0 tmpfs /tmp tmpfs nosuid,nodev 0 0 /dev/sda5 swap swap defaults 0 0 /dev/sda7 swap swap defaults 0 0 Is this corrupted? Other things that may be helpful: blkid returns /dev/loop0: TYPE="squashfs" /dev/sda1: LABEL="System Reserved" UUID="0AF26C31F26C22E5" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda2: UUID="5E1C88E31C88B813" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda3: UUID="94B2BB7DB2BB6282" TYPE="ntfs" /dev/sda5: UUID="41b66b9a-2b48-45cf-b59d-cd50e41ec971" TYPE="swap" /dev/sda6: UUID="c73ca79e-4fa4-4bde-967e-670593736f6a" TYPE="ext4" /dev/sda7: UUID="c05d659f-103c-4444-9dc4-3121b9e081d6" TYPE="swap" /dev/sdb1: LABEL="PENDRIVE" UUID="1DE8-0A49" TYPE="vfat" and cat /proc/mounts rootfs / rootfs rw 0 0 sysfs /sys sysfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 proc /proc proc rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime 0 0 udev /dev devtmpfs rw,relatime,size=1950000k,nr_inodes=206759,mode=755 0 0 devpts /dev/pts devpts rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,gid=5,mode=620,ptmxmode=000 0 0 tmpfs /run tmpfs rw,nosuid,relatime,size=783056k,mode=755 0 0 /dev/sdb1 /cdrom vfat rw,relatime,fmask=0022,dmask=0022,codepage=cp437,iocharset=iso8859-1,shortname=mixed,erro rs=remount-ro 0 0 /dev/loop0 /rofs squashfs ro,noatime 0 0 tmpfs /cow tmpfs rw,noatime,mode=755 0 0 /cow / overlayfs rw,relatime,lowerdir=//filesystem.squashfs,upperdir=/cow 0 0 none /sys/fs/fuse/connections fusectl rw,relatime 0 0 none /sys/kernel/debug debugfs rw,relatime 0 0 none /sys/kernel/security securityfs rw,relatime 0 0 tmpfs /tmp tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime 0 0 none /run/lock tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,size=5120k 0 0 none /run/shm tmpfs rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime 0 0 gvfs-fuse-daemon /home/ubuntu/.gvfs fuse.gvfs-fuse-daemon rw,nosuid,nodev,relatime,user_id=999,group_id=999 0 0

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  • Performing a Depth First Search iteratively using async/parallel processing?

    - by Prabhu
    Here is a method that does a DFS search and returns a list of all items given a top level item id. How could I modify this to take advantage of parallel processing? Currently, the call to get the sub items is made one by one for each item in the stack. It would be nice if I could get the sub items for multiple items in the stack at the same time, and populate my return list faster. How could I do this (either using async/await or TPL, or anything else) in a thread safe manner? private async Task<IList<Item>> GetItemsAsync(string topItemId) { var items = new List<Item>(); var topItem = await GetItemAsync(topItemId); Stack<Item> stack = new Stack<Item>(); stack.Push(topItem); while (stack.Count > 0) { var item = stack.Pop(); items.Add(item); var subItems = await GetSubItemsAsync(item.SubId); foreach (var subItem in subItems) { stack.Push(subItem); } } return items; } I was thinking of something along these lines, but it's not coming together: var tasks = stack.Select(async item => { items.Add(item); var subItems = await GetSubItemsAsync(item.SubId); foreach (var subItem in subItems) { stack.Push(subItem); } }).ToList(); if (tasks.Any()) await Task.WhenAll(tasks); The language I'm using is C#.

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  • How do I get 1366x768 resolution on 12.04?

    - by Megan
    I am on an HP Envy 14, and the proper resolution that I should be using is 1366x768. This is not an option and I am stuck on 1024x768. I am using Linux 12.04. lspci | grep VGA: 00:02.0 VGA compatible controller: Intel Corporation Core Processor Integrated Graphics Controller (rev 02) 01:00.0 VGA compatible controller: Advanced Micro Devices [AMD] nee ATI Madison [Radeon HD 5000M Series] I've tried to add the resolution as a mode in xorg.conf but that does not work. Please any help would be appreciated. I'm new to Linux and just got my dual boot working but this resolution issue is killing me. Edit1 I just tried using the xrandr command: xrandr --newmode "1368x768_60.00" 85.25 1368 1440 1576 1784 768 771 781 798 -hsync +vsync But I get an error: xrandr: Failed to get size of gamma for output default Edit2 lsmod returns the following: Module Size Used by vesafb 13844 1 rfcomm 47604 12 bnep 18281 2 parport_pc 32866 0 ppdev 17113 0 snd_hda_codec_hdmi 32474 1 arc4 12529 2 joydev 17693 0 hid_logitech_dj 18594 0 i915 472941 5 uvcvideo 72627 0 usbhid 47199 1 hid_logitech_dj hid 99559 2 hid_logitech_dj,usbhid psmouse 87692 0 iwlwifi 332525 0 mac80211 506816 1 iwlwifi videodev 98259 1 uvcvideo snd_hda_codec_idt 70795 1 mei 41616 0 btusb 18288 2 v4l2_compat_ioctl32 17128 1 videodev hp_accel 25976 0 lis3lv02d 19876 1 hp_accel hp_wmi 18092 0 sparse_keymap 13890 1 hp_wmi input_polldev 13896 1 lis3lv02d drm_kms_helper 46978 1 i915 drm 242038 2 i915,drm_kms_helper i2c_algo_bit 13423 1 i915 serio_raw 13211 0 snd_hda_intel 33773 5 snd_hda_codec 127706 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_idt,snd_hda_intel snd_hwdep 13668 1 snd_hda_codec bluetooth 180104 23 rfcomm,bnep,btusb cfg80211 205544 2 iwlwifi,mac80211 snd_pcm 97188 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec mac_hid 13253 0 snd_seq_midi 13324 0 snd_rawmidi 30748 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq 61896 2 snd_seq_midi,snd_seq_midi_event fglrx 3263886 0 snd_timer 29990 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq snd_seq_device 14540 3 snd_seq_midi,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq snd 78855 20 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_idt,snd_hda_intel,snd_hda_codec,snd_hwdep,snd_pcm,snd_ra wmidi,snd_seq,snd_timer,snd_seq_device wmi 19256 1 hp_wmi video 19596 1 i915 intel_ips 18174 0 soundcore 15091 1 snd snd_page_alloc 18529 2 snd_hda_intel,snd_pcm lp 17799 0 parport 46562 3 parport_pc,ppdev,lp r8169 62099 0 I have installed ATI/AMD proprietary FGLRX graphics driver. But there is another one called ATI/AMD proprietary FGLRX graphics driver (post-release updates) which I have trouble installing because it gives me an error and tells me to look at some sort of jockey log.

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  • Help with design structure choice: Using classes or library of functions

    - by roverred
    So I have GUI Class that will call another class called ImageProcessor that contains a bunch functions that will perform image processing algorithms like edgeDetection, gaussianblur, contourfinding, contour map generations, etc. The GUI passes an image to ImageProcessor, which performs one of those algorithm on it and it returns the image back to the GUI to display. So essentially ImageProcessor is a library of independent image processing functions right now. It is called in the GUI like so Image image = ImageProcessor.EdgeDetection(oldImage); Some of the algorithms procedures require many functions, and some can be done in a single function or even one line. All these functions for the algorithms jam packed into ImageProcessor can be pretty messy, and ImageProcessor doesn't sound it should be a library. So I was thinking about making every algorithm be a class with a shared interface say IAlgorithm. Then I pass the IAlgorithm interface from the GUI to the ImageProcessor. public interface IAlgorithm{ public Image Process(); } public class ImageProcessor{ public Image Process(IAlgorithm TheAlgorithm){ return IAlgorithm.Process(); } } Calling in the GUI like so Image image = ImageProcessor.Process(new EdgeDetection(oldImage)); I think it makes sense in an object point of view, but the problem is I'll end up with some classes that are just one function. What do you think is a better design, or are they both crap and you have a much better idea? Thanks!

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  • You can step over await

    - by Alex Davies
    I’ve just found the coolest feature of VS 2012 by far. I thought that being able to silence an exception from the “exception was thrown” popup was awesome, and the “reload all” button when a project file changes is amazing, but this is way beyond all of that. You can step over awaits when you debug your code!! With F10!!! Ok, so that may not sound such a big deal. You can step over ifs and whiles and no-one is celebrating. But await is different. await actually stops your method, signs up to be notified when a Task is finished,  returns, and resumes your method at some indeterminate point in the future. You could even end up continuing on a completely different thread. All that happens, and all I have to do is press F10. I used to have to painstakingly set a breakpoint on the first line of my callback before stepping over any asynchronous method. Even when we started using async, my mouse would instinctively click the margin every time I wanted to go past an await. And the times I was driven insane by my breakpoint getting hit by some other path of execution I don’t care about. I think this might have been introduced in the VS11 Beta, I’m pretty sure I tried it in the Async CTP in VS2010 and it didn’t work. Now it does! Woop!

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  • How to choose between Tell don't Ask and Command Query Separation?

    - by Dakotah North
    The principle Tell Don't Ask says: you should endeavor to tell objects what you want them to do; do not ask them questions about their state, make a decision, and then tell them what to do. The problem is that, as the caller, you should not be making decisions based on the state of the called object that result in you then changing the state of the object. The logic you are implementing is probably the called object’s responsibility, not yours. For you to make decisions outside the object violates its encapsulation. A simple example of "Tell, don't Ask" is Widget w = ...; if (w.getParent() != null) { Panel parent = w.getParent(); parent.remove(w); } and the tell version is ... Widget w = ...; w.removeFromParent(); But what if I need to know the result from the removeFromParent method? My first reaction was just to change the removeFromParent to return a boolean denoting if the parent was removed or not. But then I came across Command Query Separation Pattern which says NOT to do this. It states that every method should either be a command that performs an action, or a query that returns data to the caller, but not both. In other words, asking a question should not change the answer. More formally, methods should return a value only if they are referentially transparent and hence possess no side effects. Are these two really at odds with each other and how do I choose between the two? Do I go with the Pragmatic Programmer or Bertrand Meyer on this?

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  • failbit is being set and I can't figure out why

    - by felipedrl
    I'm writing a MIDI file loader. Everything is going fine until at some track I get a failbit exception while trying to read from file. I can't figure out why, I've checked the file size and it's ok too. Upon checking "errno" and it returns "0". Any ideas? Thanks. The snippet follows: file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&mHeader.id), sizeof(MidiHeader)); mTracks = new MidiTrack[mHeader.nTracks]; for (uint i = 0; i < mHeader.nTracks; ++i) { // this read fails on 6th i. I've checked hexadecimal file and it's // ok so far. file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&mTracks[i].id), sizeof(uint)); if (file.fail()) { std::cerr << errno << std::endl; massert(false); } massert(mTracks[i].id == 0x6B72544D); file.read(reinterpret_cast<char*>(&mTracks[i].size), sizeof(uint)); mTracks[i].size = swapBytes(mTracks[i].size); mTracks[i].data = new char[mTracks[i].size]; file.read(mTracks[i].data, mTracks[i].size * sizeof(char)); totalBytesRead += 8 + mTracks[i].size; massert(totalBytesRead <= fileSize); }

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  • C# XNA 2D Multiple boxes collision detection and movement

    - by zini
    Hi, I've been making simple game where you shoot boxes that are coming towards you. All game objects are simple rectangles. Now I have problem with collision detection; how to check where the collision comes so I can change the coordinates right? I have this kind of situation: http://imgur.com/8yjfW Imagine that all of those blocks are moving towards you (green box). If those orange boxes collide with each other, they should "avoid" themselves and not go through each other. I have class Enemy which has properties x, y and such. Now I'm doing the collision like this: // os.Count is an amount of other enemies colliding with this enemy if (os.Count == 0) { // If enemy doesn't collide with other enemy lasty = y; lastx = x; slope = (x - player.x) / (y - player.y); x += slope * l; // l is "movement speed" of enemy (float) if (y > player.y) { y = lasty; } else if (y < player.y) { y += l; } } else { foreach(Enemy b in os) { if (b.y > this.y) { // If some colliding enemy is closer player than this enemy, that closer one will be moved towards the player b.lasty = b.y; if (!BiggestY(os)) { // BiggestY returns true if this enemy has the biggest Y b.y += b.l; } b.x = b.lastx; } } } But this is very, very bad way to do this. I know it, but I just can't figure out other way. And as a matter in fact, this method doesn't even work pretty good; if multiple enemies are colliding same enemy they go through each other. I explained this pretty badly, but I hope that you understand this. And to sum up, as I said: How to check where the collision comes so I can change the coordinates right?

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  • Using pkexec policy to run out of /opt/

    - by liberavia
    I still try to make it possible to run my app with root priveleges. Therefore I created two policies to run the application via pkexec (one for /usr/bin and one for /opt/extras... ) and added them to the setup.py: data_files=[('/usr/share/polkit-1/actions', ['data/com.ubuntu.pkexec.armorforge.policy']), ('/usr/share/polkit-1/actions', ['data/com.ubuntu.extras.pkexec.armorforge.policy']), ('/usr/bin/', ['data/armorforge-pkexec'])] ) additionally I added a startscript which uses pkexec for starting the application. It distinguishes between the two places and is used in the Exec-Statement of the desktopfile: #!/bin/sh if [ -f /opt/extras.ubuntu.com/armorforge/bin/armorforge ]; then pkexec "/opt/extras.ubuntu.com/armorforge/bin/armorforge" "$@" else pkexec `which armorforge` "$@" fi If I simply do a quickly package everything will work right. But if I package with extras option: quickly package --extras the Exec-statement will be exchanged. Even if I try to simulate the pkexec call via armorforge-pkexec It will aks for a password and then returns this: andre@andre-desktop:~/Entwicklung/Ubuntu/armorforge$ armorforge-pkexec (armorforge:10108): GLib-GIO-ERROR **: Settings schema 'org.gnome.desktop.interface' is not installed Trace/breakpoint trap (core dumped) So ok, I could not trick the opt-thing. How can I make sure, that my Application will run with root priveleges out of opt. I copied the way of using pkexec from synaptic. My application is for communicating with apparmor which currently has no dbus interface. Else I need to write into /etc/apparmor.d-folder. How should I deal with the opt-build which, as far as I understand, is required to submit my application to the ubuntu software center. Thanks for any hints and/or links :-)

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  • Error -12 hibernation image. Not enough free memory (sometimes)

    - by user99306
    I am having a problem with hibernation in Ubuntu 12.10, it had worked fine in 12.04. When I try and hibernate it sometimes appears to hibernate throws up an error and returns me to the desktop. The error I get is this: PM: Creating hibernation image: PM: Need to copy 375021 pages PM: Normal pages needed: 117957 + 1024, available pages: 110205 PM: Not enough free memory PM: Error -12 creating hibernation image Now I understand what the error means, but it doesn't make sense. My swap file is 5GB and is seldom ever used as I have 4GB of RAM. I know it is recommended to have 1.5 times more swap than RAM etc, but space doesn't seem to be the problem, despite the error. For example, I rarely use more than about 25%-30% of my RAM, yet still have the problem above. Moreover on a fresh boot and login, with no programs open and using only about 12% of RAM, I can get the above error - yet at other times I can hibernate whilst using 25% of my RAM. Also if I keep trying to hibernate, it eventually does after throwing up the above error four or five times. A successful hibernation looks like this: PM: Creating hibernation image: PM: Need to copy 295511 pages PM: Normal pages needed: 95534 + 1024, available pages: 132627 Is there some setting that I need to tweak or something I need to do before hibernating to avoid this problem? I guess the question could be better interpreted as: Is there some way of safely flushing the buffers and the cache before hibernation? Other than attempting to hibernate several times until it is successful! Thanks in advance.

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  • A Disk Read Error Occured. Press CTRL+ALT+DEL to restart

    - by darroosh
    I'm new to linux world. Just downloaded ubuntu and installed it alongside with windows 7 . In grub when I choose ubuntu, it opens with no problem, but when I try to open windows 7, this message appears: A Disk Read Error Occured. Press CTRL+ALT+DEL to restart. I googled for that problem which directed me to download a boot repair tool, when I choose : advanced options / retore MBR --> apply, then restart computer , It boot to win 7 without loading the grub menu. then I opened the live ubuntu from a USB, launched the "boot repair" again, choose : recommended repair , then restart, It returns to the first problem , grub menu appear, from which I can choose only ubuntu , but win 7 show this msg again : A Disk Read Error Occured. Press CTRL+ALT+DEL to restart. I repeated more and more with the same results ... What should I do? I created a boot info summary using the "boot repair tool" if this can help , it's in this URL.

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  • what other bash variables are available during execution such as $USER that can assist on my script?

    - by semi-newbie
    This is related to question 19245, in that one of the responders answered the question in an awesome way, and very VERY clear to any newbie. Now here is a question that i can't seem to figure. i wrote a script for starting the vmware firefox plugin (don't worry. i gave that up and now run vBox VERY happily. i left vmware for my servers :) ) I needed to start the plugin as sudo, but i also needed to pass an argument (password) to it, that happen to be the same. So, if my password was Hello123, the command would be: sudo ./myscript.sh hi other Hello123 running from command line, the script would ask for my sudo password and then run. i wanted to capture THAT password and pass it as well. i also wanted to run graphically, so i tried gksudo, and there is an option -p that returns the password for variable assignment. well, that was a nightmare, because i would still get prompted for the original sudo: see below Find UserName vUser=$USER Find password (and hopefully enable sudo) vP=gksudo -p -D somedescriptiontext echo Execute command gksudo ./myscript.sh hi $vUser $vP and i still get prompted twice. so my question is tri-fold: is there a variable i can use for the password, just like there is one for user, $USER? is there a different way i should be assigning the value resulting of the command i have in $vP? i am wondering if executing the way i have it, does it in an uninitiated session and not the current one, since i am getting some addtl warning type errors on some variables blah blah i tried using Zenity to just capture the text, but then of course, i couldn't pass that value to sudo, so i could only use as a parameter, which puts me back in 2 prompts. Thanksssssssssss!

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  • What's wrong with this OpenGL model picking code?

    - by openglNewbie
    I am making simple model viewer using OpenGL. When I want to pick an object OpenGL returns nothing or an object that is in another place. This is my code: GLuint buff[1024] = {0}; GLint hits,view[4]; glSelectBuffer(1024,buff); glGetIntegerv(GL_VIEWPORT, view); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glPushMatrix(); glLoadIdentity(); gluPickMatrix(x,y,1.0,1.0,view); gluPerspective(45,(float)view[2]/(float)view[4],1.0,1500.0); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); glRenderMode(GL_SELECT); glLoadIdentity(); //I make the same transformations for normal render glTranslatef(0, 0, -zoom); glMultMatrixf(transform.M); glInitNames(); glPushName(-1); for(int j=0;j<allNodes.size();j++) { glLoadName(allNodes.at(j)->id); allNodes.at(j)->Draw(textures); } glPopName(); glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glPopMatrix(); hits = glRenderMode(GL_RENDER);

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