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  • Validating signature trust with gpg?

    - by larsks
    We would like to use gpg signatures to verify some aspects of our system configuration management tools. Additionally, we would like to use a "trust" model where individual sysadmin keys are signed with a master signing key, and then our systems trust that master key (and use the "web of trust" to validate signatures by our sysadmins). This gives us a lot of flexibility, such as the ability to easily revoke the trust on a key when someone leaves, but we've run into a problem. While the gpg command will tell you if a key is untrusted, it doesn't appear to return an exit code indicating this fact. For example: # gpg -v < foo.asc Version: GnuPG v1.4.11 (GNU/Linux) gpg: armor header: gpg: original file name='' this is a test gpg: Signature made Fri 22 Jul 2011 11:34:02 AM EDT using RSA key ID ABCD00B0 gpg: using PGP trust model gpg: Good signature from "Testing Key <[email protected]>" gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature! gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner. Primary key fingerprint: ABCD 1234 0527 9D0C 3C4A CAFE BABE DEAD BEEF 00B0 gpg: binary signature, digest algorithm SHA1 The part we care about is this: gpg: WARNING: This key is not certified with a trusted signature! gpg: There is no indication that the signature belongs to the owner. The exit code returned by gpg in this case is 0, despite the trust failure: # echo $? 0 How do we get gpg to fail in the event that something is signed with an untrusted signature? I've seen some suggestions that the gpgv command will return a proper exit code, but unfortunately gpgv doesn't know how to fetch keys from keyservers. I guess we can parse the status output (using --status-fd) from gpg, but is there a better way?

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  • deploy LAMP config to new boxes with low/no effort

    - by user1444233
    I'm spending a lot of time setting up new Centos 6 instances. I use a VCS (Subversion) for most of the config files and all of the webapp source files (Github), but even with excellent package managers (like yum, npm, easy_install, etc.) it still takes time. I'd like to get to the point where I could try out a new potential web host by just signing up for an account, logging in and automatically sucking my standardised config onto the box. I know there are a set of tools that can help: Puppet Chef Vagrant and a set of services that sell solutions: [Jumpbox] http://www.jumpbox.com/ [BitNami Cloud] http://bitnami.org/cloud I don't mind investing time in learning a new tool, but as a no-budget start-up, I'm keen to keep monthly costs down. My biggest concern is that time spent on the server config is time away from the codebase, and that's where I think my team and I should be investing our energy, at least until we get funded and scale up a bit. I'd be grateful of some recommendations for which way to jump on config: stick with SSH and manual deploys, at least until you get big. bite the bullet and learn [say] puppet. You may only use it 8-10 times, but it pays to have such an easy tunable server bootstrap. don't bother, just pay the $100/month for a standard config service. It'll cost you $1000/year, but you should focus on the code. Other questions in this domain I use quite a complex stack (Drupal, Zend Server, MySQL, PHP, MongoDB, Python, django), but are there standard(ish) setups that include these or that I could build upon more quickly? Are the configs optimised for small, medium, large VPS (1GB, 4GB, 16GB)? How secure are they?

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  • Makecert.exe hangs

    - by Robert
    I was following the steps in Scott Hanselman's blog post describing how to create a certificate authority and code signing certificate for PowerShell scripts. Initially, I created the certificate authority and a personal certifcate and used it to sign a powershell script successfully. All went as described in the blog post. The problem starts (as most do) when I did something that was (probably) stupid, although it seemed reasonable at the time. I wanted to start over and repeat the process again with a clean slate, so from the mmc certificates snap-in console, I deleted the personal certificate and the certificate authority I created previously. After that any time I try to use makecert, (just as I did the first time around), makecert either hangs or faults (which prompts to end or debug). Did I hose something up by deleting via the certificates snap-in? It didn't complain or warn me that it could be potentially hazardous. Is this just coincidence and something else entirely could be hosed? I have Event Log entries from the times when makecert crashed, which all look very similar; here is one: Log Name: Application Source: Application Error Date: 8/5/2009 3:55:04 PM Event ID: 1000 Task Category: (100) Level: Error Description: Faulting application makecert.exe, version 6.0.6000.16384, time stamp 0x4545910b, faulting module ntdll.dll, version 6.0.6002.18005, time stamp 0x49e03821, exception code 0xc0000005, fault offset 0x00067409, process id 0xe58, application start time 0x01ca160efdf30625. Anyone have any ideas as to what exactly caused this and/or what I can do to fix it. I'm on 32-bit Vista Enterprise w/SP2.

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  • Sign multiple domains with single Domain Key (dk-filter)

    - by Lashae
    Motivation The private shopping website GILT, send periodical update emails from giltgroupe.bounce.ed10.net however all of the mails are signed with domain keys of giltgroupe.com. mailed-by giltgroupe.bounce.ed10.net signed-by giltgroupe.com My Story I couldn't manage to sign x.com with y.com 's domain key using dk-filter under Debian Lenny with postfix. If I try to init dk-filter service with following arguments: DAEMON_OPTS="$DAEMON_OPTS -d x.com,y.com -c nofws -k -i /var/dk-filter/internal_hosts -s /etc/dk-keys.conf" dk-filter service signs with domain x.com (d=x.com) If I change the daemon arg.s as following: DAEMON_OPTS="$DAEMON_OPTS -d x.com -c nofws -k -i /var/dk-filter/internal_hosts -s /etc/dk-keys.conf" then emails sent From y.com is not being signed. the dk-keys.conf file is as follows: *:/var/dk-filter/y.com/mail I managed to do same thing with DKIM, works perfect. However DK doesn't seem to work. I don't have any problem signing y.com's emails with y.com's key and x.com's emails x.com's key, which indicates there is no configuration problem. Do you have any experience/advice to make it possible to sign emails from multiple domains by a specific chosen domain?

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  • vagrant and puppet security for ssl certificates

    - by Sirex
    I'm pretty new to vagrant, would someone who knows more about it (and puppet) be able to explain how vagrant deals with the ssl certs needed when making vagrant testing machines that are processing the same node definition as the real production machines ? I run puppet in master / client mode, and I wish to spin up a vagrant version of my puppet production nodes, primarily to test new puppet code against. If my production machine is, say, sql.domain.com I spin up a vagrant machine of, say, sql.vagrant.domain.com. In the vagrant file I then use the puppet_server provisioner, and give a puppet.puppet_node entry of “sql.domain.com” to it gets the same puppet node definition. On the puppet server I use a regex of something like /*.sql.domain.com/ on that node entry so that both the vagrant machine and the real one get that node entry on the puppet server. Finally, I enable auto-signing for *.vagrant.domain.com in puppet's autosign.conf, so the vagrant machine gets signed. So far, so good... However: If one machine on my network gets rooted, say, unimportant.domain.com, what's to stop the attacker changing the hostname on that machine to sql.vagrant.domain.com, deleting the old puppet ssl cert off of it and then re-run puppet with a given node name of sql.domain.com ? The new ssl cert would be autosigned by puppet, match the node name regex, and then this hacked node would get all the juicy information intended for the sql machine ?! One solution I can think of is to avoid autosigning, and put the known puppet ssl cert for the real production machine into the vagrant shared directory, and then have a vagrant ssh job move it into place. The downside of this is I end up with all my ssl certs for each production machine sitting in one git repo (my vagrant repo) and thereby on each developer's machine – which may or may not be an issue, but it dosen't sound like the right way of doing this. tl;dr: How do other people deal with vagrant & puppet ssl certificates for development or testing clones of production machines ?

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  • What is the correct mail set up for multiple domains on one server?

    - by newmarc
    I have a machine (centos 5) with one external ip address. On that machine I have many virtual hosts with a few different top level domain names and sub-domains under those eg. sub1.domain1.com sub2.domain1.com sub3.domain1.com sub1.domain2.com sub2.domain2.com sub1.domain3.com And so on... Alot of these different sites need to send mail as their corresponding domain (or second-level domain at least). I need to set up DKIM, SPF (but that's handled on the DNS) and rDNS lookup so the mail gets received. As I understand it, you can only have one rDNS entry per machine. I could set up a server for each top level domain, but I'm thinking that'll get expensive. What should I do here? Is there a way to have multiple rDNS lookups on one ip address? How do I setup DKIM signing for multiple domain names on the one machine? Are there any services out there that could handle this for me? Thanks for your help...

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  • RemoteApp shows no certificate available but RD Session host finds it fine

    - by Scott Chamberlain
    I am trying to set up remote app for a internal domain. I have a Root CA that is trusted my all of the end computers, that cert has signed a wildcard cert I am trying to use for the server. I added the pfx of the wildcard cert to the local machine personal store. From there I can use it fine for signing the RD Session Host session. However when I try to set up the signature for Remote App the certificate does not show up. What do I need to do to get my certificate to be available for for use? UPDATE: The Certificate was generated through the following commands: makecert -pe -n "CN=*.vw.local" -a sha1 -sky signature -ic VetWebCA.cer -iv VetWebCA.pvk -sv VetWebComputerWildcard.pvk VetWebComputerWildcard.cer pvk2pfx -pvk VetWebComputerWildcard.pvk -spc VetWebComputerWildcard.cer -pfx VetWebComputerWildcard.pfx The resultant pfx was added to the machine local store via mmc. Oddly, going in to Powershell if I add the -CodeSigningCert flag to find the wildcard certificate it is excluded from the serch results for Get-Childitem in my Cert:\Local Machine\My path, but if I don't include it it is there.

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  • 3 Servers, is this is a cluster?

    - by Andy Barlow
    Hello, At the moment I have one Ubuntu server, 9.10, running with a simple Samba share, a mail server, DNS server and DHCP server. Mostly its just there for file sharing and email server. I also have 2 other servers that are exactly the same hardware and spec as the first, which have an rsync set up to retrieve the shared folders and backs them up. However, if the first server goes down, all of our shares disappear along with our mail and the system must be rebuilt. Also I tend to find if people are downloading a large amount from the file server, no-one can access there emails - especially in the morning when everyone is signing in at once. Would it be more beneficial for me to have all 3 servers, all running the same services, doing the same thing with some sort of cluster with load balancing? I'm not really sure where to begin looking, or how to go about such a setup where 3 servers are all identical, but perhaps one acts as the main load balancer?? If someone can point me in the right direction, or if this simply sounds like one of those Enterprise Cloud's that is now a default setup in Ubuntu Server 9.10+, then I'll go down that route. Cheers in advance. Andy

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  • Cloudfront - How to invalidate objects in a distribution that was transformed from secured to public?

    - by Gil
    The setting I have an Amazon Cloudfront distribution that was originally set as secured. Objects in this distribution required a URL signing. For example, a valid URL used to be of the following format: https://d1stsppuecoabc.cloudfront.net/images/TheImage.jpg?Expires=1413119282&Signature=NLLRTVVmzyTEzhm-ugpRymi~nM2v97vxoZV5K9sCd4d7~PhgWINoTUVBElkWehIWqLMIAq0S2HWU9ak5XIwNN9B57mwWlsuOleB~XBN1A-5kzwLr7pSM5UzGn4zn6GRiH-qb2zEoE2Fz9MnD9Zc5nMoh2XXwawMvWG7EYInK1m~X9LXfDvNaOO5iY7xY4HyIS-Q~xYHWUnt0TgcHJ8cE9xrSiwP1qX3B8lEUtMkvVbyLw__&Key-Pair-Id=APKAI7F5R77FFNFWGABC The distribution points to an S3 bucket that also used to be secured (it only allowed access through the cloudfront). What happened At some point, the URL singing expired and would return a 403. Since we no longer need to keep the same security level, I recently changed the setting of the cloudfront distribution and of the S3 bucket it is pointing to, both to be public. I then tried to invalidate objects in this distribution. Invalidation did not throw any errors, however the invalidation did not seem to succeed. Requests to the same cloudfront URL (with or without the query string) still return 403. The response header looks like: HTTP/1.1 403 Forbidden Server: CloudFront Date: Mon, 18 Aug 2014 15:16:08 GMT Content-Type: text/xml Content-Length: 110 Connection: keep-alive X-Cache: Error from cloudfront Via: 1.1 3abf650c7bf73e47515000bddf3f04a0.cloudfront.net (CloudFront) X-Amz-Cf-Id: j1CszSXz0DO-IxFvHWyqkDSdO462LwkfLY0muRDrULU7zT_W4HuZ2B== Things I tried I tried to set another cloudfront distribution that points to the same S3 as origin server. Requests to the same object in the new distribution were successful. The question Did anyone encounter the same situation where a cloudfront URL that returns 403 cannot be invalidated? Is there any reason why wouldn't the object get invalidated? Thanks for your help!

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  • Yahoo marked my mail as spam and says domainkey fails

    - by mGreet
    Hi Yahoo is marking our mail as spam. We are using PHP Zend framework to send the mail. Mail header says that Domain Key is failed. Authentication-Results: mta160.mail.in.yahoo.com from=mydomain.com; domainkeys=fail (bad sig); from=mydomain.com; dkim=pass (ok) We configured our SMTP server (Same server used to send mail from zend framework.) in outlook and send the mail to yahoo. This time yahoo says domainkeys is pass. Authentication-Results: mta185.mail.in.yahoo.com from=speedgreet.com; domainkeys=pass (ok); from=speedgreet.com; dkim=pass (ok) Domainkey is added in mail header on our server which is used by both outlook client and PHP client. yahoo recognize the mail which is sent from outlook and yahoo does not recognize the mail from PHP client. As far as I know, Signing the email is done on the server side with help of domain key. PHP and Outlook uses the same server to sign the mail. But why yahoo handling differently? What I am missing here? Any Idea? Can anyone help me?

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  • Win7 Ultimate 64bit not finding my SSD, any ideas?

    - by Jakub
    So I am trying to install Windows 7 Ultimate 64bit on my new SSD (Kingston SNVP325-S2/64GB) and I have unplugged my other drives (for the install only). The SSD is detected by BIOS, I am running the latest Firmware for my motherboard P5N-E SLI (775 socket). Upon getting the Windows 7 install screen, it gives me a 'no drives detected'. I have tried Load Driver and downloding nForce drivers (latest for Win7 64bit signed WHQL) results in a message of (something like) "To continue please click Load Driver and load 32-bit and signed 64-bit drivers... blah blah" ... basically it does NOT accept my nForce SATA drivers, nor my 2ndary SATA drivers (JMicron? can't recall the exact name now). I have tried F8 at loading to 'disable driver signing' in hopes that it was an unsigned driver, however nothing works. The SSD is not detected by the Windos 7 installer. I wasted 4 hours on this last night, and gave up, and got nowhere. Anyone heard / ran into this issue before? How can I get the drive detected? Some more details: - Kingston SNVP325-S2/64GB V+ SSD - ASUS P5N-E SLI MOBO - 8GB RAM A-DATA (memory is checked out and fine)

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  • Is there a free PDF printer / distiller that creates signable documents?

    - by Coderer
    I've used various methods (mentioned elsewhere on this site) to create PDFs, using a printer driver or converting from PostScript, etc. The common problem is that if I open any of the output files in the newer versions of Adobe Reader, there's an option to "Place Signature" but it's greyed out, or gives an error message that the feature has been disabled for this document. As far as I can tell, there's an option set somewhere in the document metadata that tells Reader "allow the user to sign this document", or don't. None of the free/open source tools that have been been linked to in other SU posts have had this listed as an option (though to be fair I haven't actually downloaded and tried all of them). Is there a tool that does this? Can I just poke a bit with a hex editor somewhere to turn on this functionality? I can sometimes get access to Acrobat Professional to turn on this option, but doing it for every desired case would be more work than I care to do. The current workaround for single-page documents is: Print the document to PDF (possibly via postscript) Open a single-page blank PDF with the "signable" bit turned on in Reader create a custom "stamp" using the Reader markup tools, by importing the printed-to document "stamp" an image of the printed document on the blank page, hoping to get it centered about right place a signature over the document-but-not-really you just stamped This obviously does not scale well at all. It would be much better if I could: Print the document to PDF Drag the document to a simple shortcut / tool / whatever Open the document in Reader Place a signature in the document ETA: Sorry, maybe I should have been clearer -- I'm talking about the certificate-based digital signing available in Adobe Reader, not adding a virtual ink signature. Also, any solution really would have to be available offline.

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  • SSL Connection Error

    - by toffee.beanns
    I have purchased a comodo ssl cert and have submitted the Certificate Signing Request (CSR) generated by my server to the ssl management site. With the 3 files it returned me with, - AddTrustExternalCARoot.crt - PositiveSSLCA2.crt - www_mydomainname_com.crt I have uploaded them to my /etc/ssl/ssl-certs folder and have updated my virtual host in my sites-available and restarted accordingly. NameVirtualHost 107.167.120.195:80 #sample ip address NameVirtualHost 107.167.120.195:443 #sample ip address ......... #normal http virtual host (working well) <VirtualHost 107.167.120.195:443> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName mydomainname.com ServerAlias www.mydomainname.com DocumentRoot /var/www/mydomainname SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /etc/ssl/ssl-certs/www_mydomainname.com.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/ssl/ssl-certs/server.key SSLCertificateChainFile /etc/ssl/ssl-certs/PositiveSSLCA2.crt </VirtualHost> I have also enabled ran 'a2enmod ssl' and it's enabled. This is the error I get when I access the webpage https in chrome: SSL connection error Error code: ERR_SSL_PROTOCOL_ERROR Unable to make a secure connection to the server. This may be a problem with the server, or it may be requiring a client authentication certificate that you don't have. I have also checked out my apache log files and there seems to be an error saying that the Common Name (CN) is not the same as the server. RSA server certificate CommonName (CN) `www.mydomainname.com' does NOT match server name!? and Invalid method in request \x16\x03\x01 What should I do?

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  • Why is my Drupal Registration email considered spam by gmail? (headers included)

    - by Jasper
    I just created a Drupal website on a uni.cc subdomain that is brand-new also (it has barely had the 24 hours to propagate). However, when signing up for a test account, the confirmation email was marked as spam by gmail. Below are the headers of the email, which may provide some clues. Delivered-To: *my_email*@gmail.com Received: by 10.213.20.84 with SMTP id e20cs81420ebb; Mon, 19 Apr 2010 08:07:33 -0700 (PDT) Received: by 10.115.65.19 with SMTP id s19mr3930949wak.203.1271689651710; Mon, 19 Apr 2010 08:07:31 -0700 (PDT) Return-Path: <[email protected]> Received: from bat.unixbsd.info (bat.unixbsd.info [208.87.242.79]) by mx.google.com with ESMTP id 12si14637941iwn.9.2010.04.19.08.07.31; Mon, 19 Apr 2010 08:07:31 -0700 (PDT) Received-SPF: pass (google.com: best guess record for domain of [email protected] designates 208.87.242.79 as permitted sender) client-ip=208.87.242.79; Authentication-Results: mx.google.com; spf=pass (google.com: best guess record for domain of [email protected] designates 208.87.242.79 as permitted sender) [email protected] Received: from nobody by bat.unixbsd.info with local (Exim 4.69) (envelope-from <[email protected]>) id 1O3sZP-0004mH-Ra for *my_email*@gmail.com; Mon, 19 Apr 2010 08:07:32 -0700 To: *my_email*@gmail.com Subject: Account details for Test at YuGiOh Rebirth MIME-Version: 1.0 Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8; format=flowed; delsp=yes Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8Bit X-Mailer: Drupal Errors-To: info -A T- yugiohrebirth.uni.cc From: info -A T- yugiohrebirth.uni.cc Message-Id: <[email protected]> Date: Mon, 19 Apr 2010 08:07:31 -0700 X-AntiAbuse: This header was added to track abuse, please include it with any abuse report X-AntiAbuse: Primary Hostname - bat.unixbsd.info X-AntiAbuse: Original Domain - gmail.com X-AntiAbuse: Originator/Caller UID/GID - [99 500] / [47 12] X-AntiAbuse: Sender Address Domain - bat.unixbsd.info X-Source: X-Source-Args: /usr/local/apache/bin/httpd -DSSL X-Source-Dir: gmh.ugtech.net:/public_html/YuGiOhRebirth

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  • How can I store logs and meet compliance requirements for free?

    - by Martin
    I am trying to keep long-term logs of an app in such a way, that it could plausibly demonstrated to third parties/court that the application has processed certain data at a given time. The data can be represented in XML or text format. A simple gzipped log is not plausible, as I may have added or modified data afterwards, whereas an external logging service would be an overkill. Cost is an issue, we are not dealing with financial data or so, but rather some simple user generated content, where some malicious users tried to blame the operator in the past when things escalated and went to court. My question: Is there some kind of signing software for Linux that signs each element of a log in such a way, that it can be easily shown that no element can be added or modified afterwards? Plug-Ins into some free Splunk Alternatives would be fine too. Ideally the software I am looking for should be under a GPL or similar license. I could probably achive something like this by using PGP/GPG sgning functions and including the previous elements signituares within the following element, but I would prefer to use some program where you do not have to argue about the validity of your own code. Note to mods: I am not asking this question on Stackoverflow, because I am not looking for writing own code for reasons described above. I think this question rather fits into serverfault than superuser, as server-side logging software is discussed rather here than on superuser.

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  • Sign multiple domains with single Domain Key (dk-filter)

    - by Lashae
    Motivation The private shopping website GILT, send periodical update emails from giltgroupe.bounce.ed10.net however all of the mails are signed with domain keys of giltgroupe.com. mailed-by giltgroupe.bounce.ed10.net signed-by giltgroupe.com My Story I couldn't manage to sign x.com with y.com 's domain key using dk-filter under Debian Lenny with postfix. If I try to init dk-filter service with following arguments: DAEMON_OPTS="$DAEMON_OPTS -d x.com,y.com -c nofws -k -i /var/dk-filter/internal_hosts -s /etc/dk-keys.conf" dk-filter service signs with domain x.com (d=x.com) If I change the daemon arg.s as following: DAEMON_OPTS="$DAEMON_OPTS -d x.com -c nofws -k -i /var/dk-filter/internal_hosts -s /etc/dk-keys.conf" then emails sent From y.com is not being signed. the dk-keys.conf file is as follows: *:/var/dk-filter/y.com/mail I managed to do same thing with DKIM, works perfect. However DK doesn't seem to work. I don't have any problem signing y.com's emails with y.com's key and x.com's emails x.com's key, which indicates there is no configuration problem. Do you have any experience/advice to make it possible to sign emails from multiple domains by a specific chosen domain?

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  • Provider claiming "all web servers in the cloud are automatically kept in sync" - should I be skeptical?

    - by RobMasters
    I'm no expert in cloud computing - I've spent a fair bit of time researching it and various providers but am yet to get any hands-on experience with it. From what I've read about AWS and auto-scaling EC2 instances though, it seems as though each instance should be completely decoupled from all other instances. i.e. If content is uploaded to the web server's local filesystem from a custom CMS backend then that content won't be available if subsequently requested from a different web server in the auto-scaling group. Is that right? I met with a representative of our existing hosting provider recently and he was claiming that it isn't a problem that our legacy CMS system is highly dependent on having a local filesystem. He said that all web servers, regardless of how many, would be kept as exact duplicates so I shouldn't notice any difference compared to our existing setup of a single dedicated server. This smells a little too much like bull fecal-matter to me...should I be skeptical about this? I'm a little worried because my (non-technical) boss who ultimately makes the decisions is all for signing up to this cloud solution because it won't require any extra work. I'm sure that they must at least be able to provide this, otherwise they wouldn't be attempting to sell it to us. But at what cost? It sounds as though each web server will always need to be checking the other web server(s) for new static content, which to me sounds like unwanted overhead that'll slow things down. I'd really appreciate it if somebody could clear this up to me. I'm all for switching to AWS and using S3+CloudFront for all static content, but that isn't looking very likely to happen at the moment.

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  • Can we do a DNSSEC 101? [closed]

    - by PAStheLoD
    Please share your opinions, FAQs, HOWTOs, best practices (or links to the one you think is the best) and your fears and thoughts about the whole migration (or should I just call it a new piece of tech?). Is DNSSEC just for DNS providers (name server operators)? What ought John Doe to do, who hosts johndoe.com at some random provider (GoDaddy, DreamHost and such)? Also, what if the provider's name server doesn't do automatic signing magic, can John do it manually? In a fire-and-forget way, without touching KSKs and ZSKs rollovers and updating and headaches?) Does it bring any change regarding CERT records? Do browsers support it? How come it became so complex? Why didn't they just merged it with SSL? DKIM is pretty straightforward, IANA/IETF could've opted for something like that. (Yes I know that creating a trust anchor would be still problematic, but browsers are already full of CA certs. So, they could've just let anyone get a cert for a domain for shiny green padlocks, or just generate one for a poor blue lock, put it into a TXT record, encrypt the other records and let the parent zone sign the whole for you with its cert.) Thanks! And for disclosure (it seemed like the customary thing to do around here), I've asked the same on the netsec subreddit.

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  • Security Token for Mac/Linux/Windows, self-managed, pref. open source?

    - by DevelopersDevelopersDevelopers
    I'm looking to buy an evaluation security token (combined smart card/usb reader) for my business that works on: Windows 7 x64 OS X 10.6.x x64 Ubuntu Linux (64 or 32 bit, 10.04 or 10.10, I can bend based on possible tokens) Functionality I need is: Login authentication Authentication for whole-disk encryption (in Linux/Windows, Mac is flexible here) Signing/encryption using PGP and x.509 certificates RSA-2048 key-capable (1024 not good enough.) I can manage the certificates myself Open source middleware/drivers (not necessarily FOSS, just source available. Can flex on this, I just want to be able to audit the code. OpenSC-compatible on Linux would be great.) Is there any token that can do all of this? Or would I need multiple ones to accomplish this? Or do I need to look at smart cards and readers to get this? I have been researching this for a while and have had a heck of a time even getting accurate information about products. Also, I am in the USA, and it appears that EU export laws prevent me from buying from there, so those vendors are out. I was looking at Feitian tokens from Gooze, but since they are in France I can't buy.

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  • GPG - why am I encrypting with subkey instead of primary key?

    - by khedron
    When encrypting a file to send to a collaborator, I see this message: gpg: using subkey XXXX instead of primary key YYYY Why would that be? I've noticed that when they send me an encrypted file, it also appears to be encrypted towards my subkey instead of my primary key. For me, this doesn't appear to be a problem; gpg (1.4.x, macosx) just handles it & moves on. But for them, with their automated tool setup, this seems to be an issue, and they've requested that I be sure to use their primary key. I've tried to do some reading, and I have the Michael Lucas's "GPG & PGP" book on order, but I'm not seeing why there's this distinction. I have read that the key used for signing and the key used for encryption would be different, but I assumed that was about public vs private keys at first. In case it was a trust/validation issue, I went through the process of comparing fingerprints and verifying, yes, I trust this key. While I was doing that, I noticed the primary & subkeys had different "usage" notes: primary: usage: SCA subkey: usage: E "E" seems likely to mean "Encryption". But, I haven't been able to find any documentation on this. Moreover, my collaborator has been using these tools & techniques for some years now, so why would this only be a problem for me?

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  • How does everyone set up AWS for PHP with a git workflow while worrying about distributing EC2?

    - by Parris
    Hello, I have been looking for something like heroku but for php, and after much frustration (and almost finding what I need, but not quite) we decided to just go with AWS without any other abstraction. We are using PHP 5.3 (and CakePHP 1.3), and are currently using git. Ubuntu seems like the easiest way to get both of those on there and we will most likely use that. We aren't really going worry about outgoing email. We are using smtp through gmail, but will most likely switch to some other service eventually. I had 3 questions: 1) I have been looking at Zend Server, and I am not quite sure how that is more beneficial than xampp. Perhaps it is not? 2) I suppose to make the application scale we would need multiple instances of some ec2 ami. Then just duplicate it and such. The question then becomes how do we make sure all EC2 instances are up to date? 3) I understand the concept of load balancing to some degree. I understand that in 1 region you select a bunch of servers and have it load balance across them. The question then becomes well how about world wide? How do I make it so that traffic is directed to the correct ec2 server? I have heard of route 53, and tried signing up for that, but nothing appears in my control panel. Also perhaps it is just a DNS thing with my domain registrar? AHHH... some tutorial would be helpful!

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  • 3 Server, is this a cluster scenario?

    - by HornedBeast
    Hello, At the moment I have one Ubuntu server, 9.10, running with a simple Samba share, a mail server, DNS server and DHCP server. Mostly its just there for file sharing and email server. I also have 2 other servers that are exactly the same hardware and spec as the first, which have an rsync set up to retrieve the shared folders and backs them up. However, if the first server goes down, all of our shares disappear along with our mail and the system must be rebuilt. Also I tend to find if people are downloading a large amount from the file server, no-one can access there emails - especially in the morning when everyone is signing in at once. Would it be more beneficial for me to have all 3 servers, all running the same services, doing the same thing with some sort of cluster with load balancing? In short, how can I get the best out of my 3 hardware servers? I'm not really sure where to begin looking, or how to go about such a setup where 3 servers are all identical, but perhaps one acts as the main load balancer?? If someone can point me in the right direction, or if this simply sounds like one of those Enterprise Cloud's that is now a default setup in Ubuntu Server 9.10+, then I'll go down that route. Cheers in advance. Andy

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  • ASP.NET MVC tries to load older version of Owin assembly

    - by d_mcg
    As a bit of context, I'm developing an ASP.NET MVC 5 application that uses OAuth-based authentication via Microsoft's OWIN implementation, for Facebook and Google only at this stage. Currently (as of v3.0.0, git-commit 4932c2f), the FacebookAuthenticationOptions and GoogleOAuth2AuthenticationOptions don't provide any property to force Facebook nor Google respectively to reauthenticate users (via appending the appropriate query string parameters) when signing in. Initially, I set out to override the following classes: FacebookAuthenticationOptions GoogleOAuth2AuthenticationOptions FacebookAuthenticationHandler (specifically AuthenticateCoreAsync()) GoogleOAuth2AuthenticationHandler (specifically AuthenticateCoreAsync()) yet discovered that the ~AuthenticationHandler classes are marked as internal. So I pulled a copy of the source for the Katana project (http://katanaproject.codeplex.com/) and modified the source accordingly. After compiling, I found that there are several dependencies that needed updating in order to use these updated assemblies (Microsoft.Owin.Security.Facebook and Microsoft.Owin.Security.Google) in the MVC project: Microsoft.Owin Microsoft.Owin.Security Microsoft.Owin.Security.Cookies Microsoft.Owin.Security.OAuth Microsoft.Owin.Host.SystemWeb This was done by replacing the existing project references to the 3.0.0 versions and updating those in web.config. Good news: the project compiles successfully. In debugging, I received an exception on startup: An exception of type 'System.IO.FileLoadException' occurred in [MVC web assembly].dll but was not handled in user code Additional information: Could not load file or assembly 'Microsoft.Owin.Security, Version=3.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35' or one of its dependencies. The located assembly's manifest definition does not match the assembly reference. (Exception from HRESULT: 0x80131040) The underlying exception indicated that Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin was trying to load v2.1.0 of Microsoft.Owin.Security when calling app.UseExternalSignInCookie() from Startup.ConfigureAuth(IAppBuilder app) in Startup.Auth.cs. Unfortunately that assembly (and its other dependency, Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin) aren't part of the Project Katana solution, and I can't find any accessible repository for these assemblies online. Are the Microsoft.AspNet.Identity assemblies open source, like the Katana project? Is there a way to fool those assemblies to use the referenced v3.0.0 assemblies instead of v2.1.0? The /bin folder contains the 3.0.0 versions of the Owin assemblies. I've upgraded the NuGet packages for Microsoft.AspNet.Identity.Owin, and this is still an issue. Any ideas on how to resolve this issue?

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  • Code sign error with Xcode 3.2

    - by quux
    I had a fully working build environment before upgrading to iPhone OS 3.1 and Xcode 3.2. Now when I try to do a build, i get the following: Code Sign error: Provisioning profile 'FooApp test' specifies the Application Identifier 'no.fooapp.iphoneapp' which doesn't match the current setting 'TGECMYZ3VK.no.fooapp.iphoneapp' The problem is that Xcode somehow manages to think that the "FooApp Test" provisioning profile specifies the Application Identifier "no.fooapp.iphoneapp", but this is not the case. In the Organizer (and in the iPhone developer portal website) the app identifier is correctly seen as 'TGECMYZ3VK.no.fooapp.iphoneapp'. Also, when setting the provisioning profile in the build options at the project level, Xcode correctly identifies the app identifier, but when I go to the target, I'm unable to select any valid provisioning profile. What could be causing this problem? Update: I've tried to create a new provisioning profile, but still no luck. I also tried simply changing the app identified in Info.plist to just "no.fooapp.iphoneapp". The build succeeds, but now I get an error from the Organizer: The executable was signed with invalid entitlements. The entitlements specified in your application's Code Signing Entitlements file do not match those specified in your provisioning profile. (0xE8008016). This seems reasonable, as the provisioning profile still has the "TGECMYZ3VK.no.fooapp.iphoneapp" application identifier. I also double checked that all certiicates are valid in the Keychain. So my question is how I can get Xcode to see the correct application identifier? UPDATE: As noted below, what seems to fix the problem is deleting all provisioning profiles, certificates etc, making new certificates / profiles and installing them again. If anyone has any other solutions, they would be welcome. :)

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  • Java and AppStore receipt verification

    - by user1672461
    I am trying to verify a payment receipt on server side. I am getting a {"status":21002, "exception":"java.lang.IllegalArgumentException"} in return Here is the code: private final static String _sandboxUriStr = "https://sandbox.itunes.apple.com/verifyReceipt"; public static void processPayment(final String receipt) throws SystemException { final BASE64Encoder encoder = new BASE64Encoder(); final String receiptData = encoder.encode(receipt.getBytes()); final String jsonData = "{\"receipt-data\" : \"" + receiptData + "\"}"; System.out.println(receipt); System.out.println(jsonData); try { final URL url = new URL(_productionUriStr); final HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection(); conn.setRequestMethod("POST"); conn.setDoOutput(true); final OutputStreamWriter wr = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream()); wr.write(jsonData); wr.flush(); // Get the response final BufferedReader rd = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream())); String line; while ((line = rd.readLine()) != null) { System.out.println(line); } wr.close(); rd.close(); } catch (IOException e) { throw new SystemException("Error when trying to send request to '%s', %s", _sandboxUriStr, e.getMessage()); } } My receipt looks like this: {\n\t"signature" = "[exactly_1320_characters]";\n\t"purchase-info" = "[exactly_868_characters]";\n\t"environment" = "Sandbox";\n\t"pod" = "100";\n\t"signing-status" = "0";\n} Receipt data with a BASE64 encoded receipt looks like this: Blockquote {"receipt-data" : "[Block_of_chars_76x40+44=3084_chars_total]"} Does someone have an Idea, or sample code how can I get from receipt string to reply JSON, mentioned here: [http://developer.apple.com/library/ios/#documentation/NetworkingInternet/Conceptual/StoreKitGuide/VerifyingStoreReceipts/VerifyingStoreReceipts.html#//apple_ref/doc/uid/TP40008267-CH104-SW1]? Thank you

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