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• Vector of objects

  - by Paul

  I've got a abstract class class A { public: virtual void somefunction() = ; }; and some different classes that inherit this class: class Ab { public: void somefunction(); }; etc. I want to make a vector containing some objects of these classes (how many depends on input parameters) so I can access these easily later. However I'm a bit lost on how to do this. My best idea is vector<A> *objectsVector; Ab AbObject; objectsVector.push_back(AbObject); However this gives me a huge amout of errors from various .h files in /usr/include/c++ How should i solve this?

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• PHP loading / including files only if class is used

  - by MrMalayev

  I have a couple of classes, and certain classes require only a part of an SDK. For example class a { /* requires filea.php*/ } class b { /*requires fileb.php*/ } Instead of including the files at the top like require_once 'filea.php'; require_once 'fileb.php'; class a { /*do stuff*/ } class b { /*do stuff*/ } Can I just include them in the class, so one only loads when an object is made? class a { require filea.php; /*do stuff*/ } class b { require fileb.php; /*do stuff*/ }

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• Imitating Multiple Inheritance in PHP

  - by fabieno

  I am working on my own MVC framework and found myself stuck. I need the following construction: Controller -- Backend_Controller -- Backend_Crud_Controller -- Frontend_Controller -- Frontend_Crud_Controller Both 'Backend_Crud_Controller' and 'Frontend_Crud_Controller' have the same functionality and thus they should extend another class named 'Base_Crud_Controller', the only difference comes from the 'Backend/Frontend' Controllers which implement different mechanisms. Basically they should inherit both classes but my problem is that 'Backend/Frontend' controller doesn't necessarily extend 'Base_Crud_Controller'. I know multiple inheritance doesn't exist in PHP but I am looking for a solution, I choose to refrain Mixins (like in Symfony) as I don't consider that an elegant solution. Interfaces do not suit me as all of these end up as concrete classes that should implement methods.

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• IDisposable, does it really matter

  - by adrianm

  Coming from C/C++ a long time ago I still have a habit of ensuring that all resources are cleaned up correctly. I always ensure Dispose is called on IDisposable classes and implement Dispose patterns in my classes containing disposable objects. However, in my environment I'm more or less the only one doing this. Others just don't understand what I'm doing and think my code is more difficult to understand. They just create database connections, open streams etc without calling Close or Dispose. Sometimes they set a local or member variable to "Nothing" at the end of a method (guess their background). My problem is that their code works just as well as mine. Code that over time creates thousands of database connection objects just works. So, ignoring any arguments about code correctness, following guidelines etc, does IDiposable really matter? Has anyone actually ran out of resources from not Disposing objects?

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• Is it possible to specify a return type of "Derivative(of T)" for a MustOverride sub in VB.NET?

  - by Casey

  VB.NET 2008 .NET 3.5 I have two base classes that are MustInherit (partial). Let's call one class OrderBase and the other OrderItemBase. A specific type of order and order item would inherit from these classes. Let's call these WebOrder (inherits from OrderBase) and WebOrderItem (inherits from OrderItemBase). Now, in the grand scheme of things WebOrder is a composite class containing a WebOrderItem, like so: Public Class WebOrder Inherits OrderBase Public Property OrderItem() as WebOrderItem End Property End Class Public Class WebOrderItem Inherits OrderItemBase End Class In order to make sure any class that derives from OrderBase has the OrderItem property, I would like to do something like this in the OrderBase class: Public MustInherit Class OrderBase Public MustOverride Property OrderItem() as Derivative(Of OrderItemBase) End Class In other words, I want the derived class to be forced to contain a property that returns a derivative of OrderItemBase. Is this possible, or should I be using an entirely different approach?

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• Select all items of union but not the last one!

  - by 100r

  I have few texboxes, dropdown lists, etc.. They have their css classes. I want to select all elements of specific class(es) but NOT the last element from group of all classes. <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server" CssClass="class1" ></asp:TextBox> <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox2" runat="server" CssClass="class2" ></asp:TextBox> <asp:TextBox ID="TextBox3" runat="server" CssClass="class2" ></asp:TextBox> I want to select only TextBox1 and TextBox2, not TextBox3! selector should be something like this $("(.class1,.class1):not(:last)") or something like $(".class1,.class1").filter(":not(:last)") but of course none of it is working :) any sugestions? tnx in advance!

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• Adding a Jar to ext and using it in Eclipse

  - by Bob Breznak

  I am providing a client with a lab station image for a school program. There is a library that I'd like to directly add to the JRE so that students can use the library without needing to fiddle with adding the classpath. As this is a basic after school program, the goal is to just get students into programming with as little overhead additions as possible. At this point, I have the lib put into the jre/lib/ext and Eclipse is able to find it, however it will not allow access to any of the classes. I see it in the JRE System Library and the classes and packages are showing up there but when I go to use it, I am getting an "Access restriction" error. When I remove the JRE System Library then add it back in, everything works swimmingly. The library is accessible exactly as intended. Any ideas on how to resolve this?

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• NoMethodError when trying to invoke helper method from Rails controller

  - by John Topley

  I'm getting a NoMethodError when trying to access a method defined in one of my helper modules from one of my controller classes. My Rails application uses the helper class method with the :all symbol as shown below: class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base helper :all . . end My understanding is that this should make all of my controller classes automatically include all of the helper modules within the app/helpers directory, therefore mixing in all of the methods into the controllers. Is this correct? If I explicitly include the helper module within the controller then everything works correctly.

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• Using TDD: "top down" vs. "bottom up"

  - by Christian Mustica

  Since I'm a TDD newbie, I'm currently developing a tiny C# console application in order to practice (because practice makes perfect, right?). I started by making a simple sketchup of how the application could be organized (class-wise) and started developing all domain classes that I could identify, one by one (test first, of course). In the end, the classes have to be integrated together in order to make the application runnable, i.e. placing necessary code in the Main method which calls the necessary logic. However, I don't see how I can do this last integration step in a "test first" manner. I suppose I wouldn't be having these issues had I used a "top down" approach. The question is: how would I do that? Should I have started by testing the Main() method? If anyone could give me some pointers, it will be much appreciated.

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• jQuery: I need something like ':visible' that works even if the parent is display=none

  - by Master Morality

  I have a list where elements are hidden for multiple reasons, each corresponding to a css class i.e: <style> .filteredOut { display: none; } .somethingElse { display : none; } ... </style> I want to apply alternating css classes via .filter(':even').addClass('even') but only to classes that are visible. The problem is that the parent is hidden when this happens so .filter(':visible') returns 0 elements. I need something like .filter(':visibileEventIfParentIsNot') Further more, I'd rather not have to call a function with this in it every time I call a function that changes what's visible in a list. This may be a pipe dream, but is there a way to do this ala live() or something similar? I'm open to off the wall ideas.

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• Constructors with inheritance in c++

  - by Crystal

  If you have 3 classes, with the parent class listed first shape- 2d shapes, 3d shapes - circle, sphere When you write your constructor for the circle class, would you ever just initialize the parent Shape object and then your current object, skipping the middle class. It seems to me you could have x,y coordinates for Shape and initialize those in the constructor, and initialize a radius in the circle or sphere class, but in 2d or 3d shape classes, I wouldn't know what to put in the constructor since it seems like it would be identical to shape. So is something like this valid Circle::Circle(int x, int y, int r) : Shape(x, y), r(r) {} I get a compile error of: illegal member initialization: 'Shape' is not a base or member So I wasn't sure if my code was legal or best practice even. Or if instead you'd have the middle class just do what the top level Shape class does TwoDimensionalShape::TwoDimensionalShape(int x, int y) : Shape (x, y) {} and then in the Circle class Circle::Circle(int x, int y, int r) : TwoDimensionalShape(x, y), r(r) {}

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• Writing Ruby Libraries - hiding methods from outside the module

  - by JP

  Hi all, I'm writing a Ruby library which has a module with a bunch of classes inside it. Many of these classes need to be usable and modifiable by calling scripts, but I don't want (some of) the initializers to be visible/callable: module MyLib class Control def initialize # They can use this end def do_stuff Helper.new('things') end end class Helper # Shouldn't be visible def initialize(what) @what = what end def shout @what end end end c = MyLib::Control.new h = c.do_stuff p h.shout # => "things" # ^ All of this is desired # v This is undesirable p MyLib::Helper.new('!') # => <MyLib::Helper @what='!'> If it's a simple thing, then I'd also appreciate the generated RDoc not even include the .new method for the Helper class either. Any ideas? Thanks for reading!

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• Program output to file in Java (and reading it again)

  - by Cohagen

  I have a large main method in an IO class which creates objects from four different classes in my program (which all use one another to some extent). My main method takes all info in using a scanner, from the console window, and uses this info to call the constructors and methods in the other classes. As this is my first full program in Java I have been focussed on making the main method work via the console, without properly considering file input and output. I cannot see an easy way of making that work now. Ideally what I require is some way of writing everything I input to the console while running the main method to a file, in a format that can be read again and inputed back through the main method? I have refrained from posting the main method as it is 250+ lines long, but will post any relevant parts of it if required. Any help appreciated

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• Can .NET AppDomains do this?

  - by Eloff

  I've spent hours reading up about AppDomains, but I'm not sure they work quite like I'm hoping. If I have two classes, Foo in AppDomain #1, Bar in AppDomain #2: App Domain #1 is the application. App Domain #2 is something like a plugin, and can be loaded and unloaded dynamically. AppDomain #2 wants to create Foo and use it. Foo uses lots of classes in AppDomain #1 internally. I don't want AppDomain #2 using object foo with reflection, I want it to use Foo foo, with all the static typing and compiled speed that goes with it. Can this be done considering that AppDomain #1, containing Foo, is never unloaded? If so, does any remoting take place here when using Foo? When I unload AppDomain #2, the type Foo is destroyed?

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• Writing tests for DAOs

  - by London

  I'm currently assigned to write a test for a project, is it necessary to write tests for DAO classes?

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• C# - Making fields/properties read only conditionally

  - by Alistair77

  I have three classes; Classes A and B both reference class C. How can I make it so members of class C can be modified when referenced from class A but not modified when referenced from class B? IE, the following should be possible; classA myClassA = new classA(); myClassA.myClassC.IssueNumber = 3; But this should not be possible; classB myClassB = new classB(); myClassB.myClassC.IssueNumber = 3; Making classB.classC read-only still allows properties of classC to be altered. I'm sure this is basic stuff but can't find a simple answer. Thanks, A

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• What did I do wrong here when trying to unit test a class that references a web service

  - by zachary

  So I had a class that referenced a class that referenced another class that called a web service. So I learn how to create an interface using partial classes. I inject the web service through the constructor. Then my unit test fails because I am newing up the actual web service in the second level of the class. So I end up modifying all three classes to pass the web service down through the constructor... was not happy :-( gave up.... what should I be doing in this case?

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• Java - Confused by the one class per file rule

  - by Mark

  The one class per file rule in Java has me a bit confused. I writing an Android app and trying to implement the accepted answer to this question: Common class for AsyncTask in Android? which calls for an interface definition which class A implements and class B accepts as an argument to its constructor. So I need an A.java and a B.java, but where does the interface go? Does it need a separate java file itself? Do I have to define it inside both A and B? If not how to import it? Also I will have about 10 different AsyncTask classes, but I don't want to bother creating a new file for each one. What would you recommend? Is there a way to put all 10 classes in one file? Or should I create a big if/then block inside the class and pass an argument telling it which of the 10 different tasks I want it to do?

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• C++ abstract class template + type-specific subclass = trouble with linker

  - by user333279

  Hi there, The project in question is about different endpoints communicating with each other. An endpoint sends events (beyond the scope of the current problem) and can process incoming events. Each event is represented in a generic object as follows: #pragma interface ... // some includes template<typename T> class Event { public: Event(int senderId, Type type, T payload); // Type is an enum Event(int senderId, Type type, int priority, T payload); virtual ~Event(); virtual int getSenderId(); virtual int getPriority(); virtual T getPayload(); void setPriority(const int priority); protected: const int senderId; const Type type; const T payload; int priority; }; It has its implementing class with #pragma implementation tag. An endpoint is defined as follows: #pragma interface #include "Event.h" template<typename T> class AbstractEndPoint { public: AbstractEndPoint(int id); virtual ~AbstractEndPoint(); virtual int getId(); virtual void processEvent(Event<T> event) = 0; protected: const int id; }; It has its implementing class too, but only the constructor, destructor and getId() are defined. The idea is to create concrete endpoints for each different payload type. Therefore I have different payload objects and specific event classes for each type, e.g. Event<TelegramFormatA>, Event<TelegramFormatB> and ConcreteEndPoint for TelegramFormatA, ConcreteEndPoint for TelegramFormatB respectively. The latter classes are defined as class ConcreteEndPoint : AbstractEndPoint<TelegramFormatA> { ... } I'm using g++ 4.4.3 and ld 2.19. Everything compiles nicely, but the linker complaints about undefined references to type-specific event classes, like Event<TelegramFormatA>::Event(....) . I tried explicit instantiation using template class AbstractEndPoint<TelegramFormatA>; but couldn't get past the aforementioned linker errors. Any ideas would be appreciated.

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• How do you keep Cocoa controllers from getting too big?

  - by zoul

  Hello! Do you have some tricks or techniques to break Cocoa controller classes into smaller chunks? I find that whatever I do the controllers end up being one of the more complicated classes in my design. The basic stuff is simple, but once I have several pop-overs or action sheets running, things get uncomfortably complex. It's not that bad, but still I would like to refactor the code into several standalone chunks. I thought about categories, but the code is not that independent (a lot of times it needs to tap into viewWillAppear, for example) and I find that I spend a long time fighting the compiler. I also thought about adding functionality in layers using inheritance, but that feels like a hack.

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• Attribute vector emptying itself

  - by ravloony

  Hello, I have two classes, derived from a common class. The common class has a pure virtual function called execute(), which is implemented in both derived classes. In the inherited class I have an attribute which is a vector. In both execute() methods I overwrite this vector with a result. I access both classes from a vector of pointers to their objects. The problem is when I try to access the result vector form outside the objects. In one case I can get the elements (which are simply pointers), in the other I cannot, the vector is empty. Code: class E; class A{ protected: vector<E*> _result; public: virtual void execute()=0; vector<E*> get_result(); }; vector<E*> A::get_result() { return _result; } class B : public A { public: virtual void execute(); }; B::execute() { //... _result = tempVec; return; } class C : public A { public: virtual void execute(); }; C::execute() { //different stuff to B _result = tempvec; return; } main() { B* b = new B(); C* c = new C(); b->execute(); c->execute(); b->get_result();//returns full vector c->get_result(); //returns empty vector!! } I have no idea what is going on here... I have tried filling _result by hand from a temp vector in the offending class, doing the same with vector::assign(), nothing works. And the other object works perfectly. I must be missing something.... Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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• [PHP] How to unset object's inherited properties ?

  - by vbklv

  I have an Object ( [id] => 1 [parent_id] => 0 [result:Database:private] => [db:Database:private] => mysqli Object ( [affected_rows] => 0 ... ) ) Obviously, the Object has inherited the 'db' and 'result' properties of the parent Database class. unset($object-result) nor unset($object-result:Database) nor unset($object-result:Database:private) work. How could I unset those properties when they are no longer needed (i.e. when the object properties are about to be output)? Is it a generally a good idea to have a database object as an inherited property of other classes (extend one Database class with all other classes that use database connections)?

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• where to put business logic in a library?

  - by fayer

  i'm going to create a library that consists of a lot of separate classes. i'm very familiar with mvc but have never created a pure library before. i wonder where i should put the business logic? the logic that is in the controller in a mvc. should it be in a class? or in a "bootstrap" file? and should one file include every class, or should only one class include its classes it uses? thanks!

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• Limiting what a .net plugin can access

  - by David Hogue

  I have a web application that can load plugins through reflection. It currently uses Assembly.LoadFrom() and Activator.CreateInstance() to get this done. Right now plugins are loaded into the same AppDomain and have access to anything in my app and anything my app could access. What I'm looking for is a way to limit what classes and methods the plugin can access for security purposes. I want to have all of my classes and methods throw an exception when called unless they are whitelisted. I'd be whitelisting basically all the functions in an API class and a few data transfer objects. I also don't want the plugin to be able to access the filesystem or the database on it's own. I think I can do that with trust levels in a separate AppDomain though. Does anyone out there have any good ideas or resources? Is this something that could be done with Code Access Security or the new Security-Transparent Code features in .net 4?

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• Returning and instance of a Class given its .class (MyClass.class)

  - by jax

  I have an enum that will hold my algorithms. I cannot instantiate these classes because I need the application context which is only available once the application has started. I want to load the class at runtime when I choose by calling getAlgorithm(Context cnx). How do I easily instantiate a class at runtime given its .class (and my constructor takes arguments)? All my classes are subclasses of Algorithm. public enum AlgorithmTypes { ALL_FROM_9_AND_LAST_FROM_10_ID(AlgorithmFactory.AlgorithmAllFrom9AndLastFrom10Impl.class), ALL_FROM_9_AND_LAST_FROM_10_CURRENCY_ID(AlgorithmFactory.AlgorithmAllFrom9AndLastFrom10Impl.class), DIVIDE_BY_9_LESS_THAN_100(AlgorithmFactory.AlgorithmAllFrom9AndLastFrom10Impl.class), TABLES_BEYOND_5_BY_5(AlgorithmFactory.AlgorithmAllFrom9AndLastFrom10Impl.class); private Class<? extends Algorithm> algorithm; AlgorithmTypes(Class<? extends Algorithm> c) { algorithm = c; } public Algorithm getAlgorithm(Context cnx) { return //needs to return the current algoriths constructor which takes the Context Algorithm(Context cnx); } }

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