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• How can I get VirtualBox Guest Additions installed in an Ubuntu 9.10 server?

  - by sutch

  I have a freshly installed Ubuntu 9.10 server installed within a VirtualBox VM instance. From the VirtualBox menu bar, I selected Devices: Install Guest Additions... Then performed the following commands: > sudo apt-get install -y build-essential linux-headers-$(uname -r) > sudo mount /dev/cdrom /mnt/ > sudo /mnt/VBoxLinuxAdditions-amd64.run After some successful looking results, the following error is displayed: Installing the Window System drivers ...fail! (Could not find the X.Org or XFree86 Window System.) After restarting, I was looking forward to some UI integration with my host desktop (resize window, not needing to press right-Ctrl to escape the client window, and having copy and paste functionality. Is it possible to install the Guest Additions without the X Window overhead (I plan to only use for shell commands)? If additional packages are required, which ones?

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• Getting ZFS per dataset IO statistics (or NFS per export IO statistics)

  - by jkj

  Where do I find statistics about how IO is divided between zfs datasets? (zpool iostat only tells me how much IO a pool is experiencing.) All the relevant datasets are used through NFS, so I'd be happy with per export NFS IO statistics also. We're currently running OpenIndiana [edit] It seems that operation and byte counter are available in kstat kstat -p unix:*:vopstats_??????? ... unix:0:vopstats_2d90002:nputpage 50 unix:0:vopstats_2d90002:nread 12390785 ... unix:0:vopstats_2d90002:read_bytes 22272845340 unix:0:vopstats_2d90002:readdir_bytes 477996168 ... ...but the strange hexadecimal ID numbers have to be resolved from /etc/mnttab (better ideas?) rpool/export/home/jkj /export/home/jkj zfs rw,...,dev=2d90002 1308471917 Now writing a munin plugin to use the data...

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• Slow NFS transfer performance of small files

  - by Arie K

  I'm using Openfiler 2.3 on an HP ML370 G5, Smart Array P400, SAS disks combined using RAID 1+0. I set up an NFS share from ext3 partition using Openfiler's web based configuration, and I succeeded to mount the share from another host. Both host are connected using dedicated gigabit link. Simple benchmark using dd: $ dd if=/dev/zero of=outfile bs=1000 count=2000000 2000000+0 records in 2000000+0 records out 2000000000 bytes (2.0 GB) copied, 34.4737 s, 58.0 MB/s I see it can achieve moderate transfer speed (58.0 MB/s). But if I copy a directory containing many small files (.php and .jpg, around 1-4 kB per file) of total size ~300 MB, the cp process ends in about 10 minutes. Is NFS not suitable for small file transfer like above case? Or is there some parameters that must be adjusted?

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• Windows 7 client can't connect to CentOS PPTP VPN

  - by Chris

  Have a Macintosh (10.8.2) that connects just fine to a CentOS 6.0 virtual private server (OpenVZ, with PPP added by the host) via PPTP. A Windows 7 Home Premium client (virtualized in Sun's Virtual Box), on the same computer, using the same Ethernet connection, cannot connect to the Linux VPN server. I have iptables disabled (for testing) on the Linux box. I have the Windows firewall turned off. /var/log/messages looks like this, for a Windows connection: Oct 12 18:44:30 production pptpd[1880]: CTRL: Client 66.104.246.168 control connection started Oct 12 18:44:30 production pptpd[1880]: CTRL: Starting call (launching pppd, opening GRE) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: Plugin /usr/lib/pptpd/pptpd-logwtmp.so loaded. Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: pptpd-logwtmp: $Version$ Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: pppd options in effect: Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: debug#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: nologfd#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: dump#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: plugin /usr/lib/pptpd/pptpd-logwtmp.so#011#011# (from command line) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: require-mschap-v2#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: refuse-pap#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: refuse-chap#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: refuse-mschap#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: name pptpd#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: pptpd-original-ip 66.104.246.168#011#011# (from command line) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: 115200#011#011# (from command line) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: lock#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: local#011#011# (from command line) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: novj#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: novjccomp#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: ipparam 66.104.246.168#011#011# (from command line) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: proxyarp#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: 192.168.97.1:192.168.97.10#011#011# (from command line) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: nobsdcomp#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: require-mppe-128#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: mppe-stateful#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: pppd 2.4.5 started by root, uid 0 Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: Using interface ppp0 Oct 12 18:44:30 production pppd[1881]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/pts/1 (At this point the Windows machine displays a dialog, reading: "Verifying user name and password...") Oct 12 18:45:00 production pppd[1881]: LCP: timeout sending Config-Requests Oct 12 18:45:00 production pppd[1881]: Connection terminated. Oct 12 18:45:00 production pppd[1881]: Modem hangup Oct 12 18:45:00 production pppd[1881]: Exit. Oct 12 18:45:00 production pptpd[1880]: GRE: read(fd=6,buffer=8059660,len=8196) from PTY failed: status = -1 error = Input/output error, usually caused by unexpected termination of pppd, check option syntax and pppd logs Oct 12 18:45:00 production pptpd[1880]: CTRL: PTY read or GRE write failed (pty,gre)=(6,7) Oct 12 18:45:00 production pptpd[1880]: CTRL: Client 66.104.246.168 control connection finished The Macintosh connecting looks like this in /var/log/messages: Oct 12 18:50:49 production pptpd[1920]: CTRL: Client 66.104.246.168 control connection started Oct 12 18:50:49 production pptpd[1920]: CTRL: Starting call (launching pppd, opening GRE) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: Plugin /usr/lib/pptpd/pptpd-logwtmp.so loaded. Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: pptpd-logwtmp: $Version$ Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: pppd options in effect: Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: debug#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: nologfd#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: dump#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: plugin /usr/lib/pptpd/pptpd-logwtmp.so#011#011# (from command line) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: require-mschap-v2#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: refuse-pap#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: refuse-chap#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: refuse-mschap#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: name pptpd#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: pptpd-original-ip 66.104.246.168#011#011# (from command line) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: 115200#011#011# (from command line) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: lock#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: local#011#011# (from command line) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: novj#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: novjccomp#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: ipparam 66.104.246.168#011#011# (from command line) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: proxyarp#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: 192.168.97.1:192.168.97.10#011#011# (from command line) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: nobsdcomp#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: require-mppe-128#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: mppe-stateful#011#011# (from /etc/ppp/options.pptpd) Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: pppd 2.4.5 started by root, uid 0 Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: Using interface ppp0 Oct 12 18:50:49 production pppd[1921]: Connect: ppp0 <--> /dev/pts/1 Oct 12 18:50:52 production pppd[1921]: MPPE 128-bit stateless compression enabled Oct 12 18:50:52 production pppd[1921]: Unsupported protocol 'IPv6 Control Protocol' (0x8057) received Oct 12 18:50:52 production pppd[1921]: Unsupported protocol 'Apple Client Server Protocol Control' (0x8235) received Oct 12 18:50:52 production pppd[1921]: Cannot determine ethernet address for proxy ARP Oct 12 18:50:52 production pppd[1921]: local IP address 192.168.97.1 Oct 12 18:50:52 production pppd[1921]: remote IP address 192.168.97.10 Oct 12 18:50:52 production pppd[1921]: pptpd-logwtmp.so ip-up ppp0 chris 66.104.246.168 I'm baffled...

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• PDF problems with Evince on Ubuntu

  - by ILMV

  One of my collegues is trying to print a PDF that our designer has sent him, created using Adobe InDesign CS4 (6.0.4). When he opens it up using Evince (version 2.28 on Ubuntu 9.10 thin client) it displays exactly how we expect it to, however when he prints it's not rendering correctly, for example: Missing one logo, the other dozen display perfectly Missing a white box with 30% opacity (without this the blue text sits on a light blue background) The dotted border of a box is screwed up (missing dots in the corners, but fine on the straights) Finally the font quality is slightly poorer than a print out we've done on a working machine. I have tried it on my Ubuntu dev box (Evince version 2.22 on Ubuntu 8.04 server) and it displays and prints perfectly. Can anyone offer an explanation as to why this might be happening, I find it hard to understand how an older version of Evince is displaying it better than a newer version. Thanks! EDIT Just for anyone surfing in, it's likely yo be a CUPS problem on our server, cheers ;-)

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• Installing nGinX Reverse Proxy on CentOS 5

  - by heavymark

  I'm trying to install nGinX as a reverse proxy on CentOS 5 with apache. The instructions to do this are here: http://wiki.mediatemple.net/w/(dv):Configure_nginx_as_reverse_proxy_web_server Note- in the instructions, for the url to get nginx I'm using the following: http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.0.10.tar.gz Now here is my problem. After installing the required packages and running .configure I get the following: checking for OS + Linux 2.6.18-028stab094.3 x86_64 checking for C compiler ... found + using GNU C compiler + gcc version: 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-51) checking for gcc -pipe switch ... found checking for gcc builtin atomic operations ... found checking for C99 variadic macros ... found checking for gcc variadic macros ... found checking for unistd.h ... found checking for inttypes.h ... found checking for limits.h ... found checking for sys/filio.h ... not found checking for sys/param.h ... found checking for sys/mount.h ... found checking for sys/statvfs.h ... found checking for crypt.h ... found checking for Linux specific features checking for epoll ... found checking for sendfile() ... found checking for sendfile64() ... found checking for sys/prctl.h ... found checking for prctl(PR_SET_DUMPABLE) ... found checking for sched_setaffinity() ... found checking for crypt_r() ... found checking for sys/vfs.h ... found checking for nobody group ... found checking for poll() ... found checking for /dev/poll ... not found checking for kqueue ... not found checking for crypt() ... not found checking for crypt() in libcrypt ... found checking for F_READAHEAD ... not found checking for posix_fadvise() ... found checking for O_DIRECT ... found checking for F_NOCACHE ... not found checking for directio() ... not found checking for statfs() ... found checking for statvfs() ... found checking for dlopen() ... not found checking for dlopen() in libdl ... found checking for sched_yield() ... found checking for SO_SETFIB ... not found checking for SO_ACCEPTFILTER ... not found checking for TCP_DEFER_ACCEPT ... found checking for accept4() ... not found checking for int size ... 4 bytes checking for long size ... 8 bytes checking for long long size ... 8 bytes checking for void * size ... 8 bytes checking for uint64_t ... found checking for sig_atomic_t ... found checking for sig_atomic_t size ... 4 bytes checking for socklen_t ... found checking for in_addr_t ... found checking for in_port_t ... found checking for rlim_t ... found checking for uintptr_t ... uintptr_t found checking for system endianess ... little endianess checking for size_t size ... 8 bytes checking for off_t size ... 8 bytes checking for time_t size ... 8 bytes checking for setproctitle() ... not found checking for pread() ... found checking for pwrite() ... found checking for sys_nerr ... found checking for localtime_r() ... found checking for posix_memalign() ... found checking for memalign() ... found checking for mmap(MAP_ANON|MAP_SHARED) ... found checking for mmap("/dev/zero", MAP_SHARED) ... found checking for System V shared memory ... found checking for POSIX semaphores ... not found checking for POSIX semaphores in libpthread ... found checking for struct msghdr.msg_control ... found checking for ioctl(FIONBIO) ... found checking for struct tm.tm_gmtoff ... found checking for struct dirent.d_namlen ... not found checking for struct dirent.d_type ... found checking for PCRE library ... found checking for system md library ... not found checking for system md5 library ... not found checking for OpenSSL md5 crypto library ... found checking for sha1 in system md library ... not found checking for OpenSSL sha1 crypto library ... found checking for zlib library ... found creating objs/Makefile Configuration summary + using system PCRE library + OpenSSL library is not used + md5: using system crypto library + sha1: using system crypto library + using system zlib library nginx path prefix: "/usr/local/nginx" nginx binary file: "/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx" nginx configuration prefix: "/usr/local/nginx/conf" nginx configuration file: "/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf" nginx pid file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid" nginx error log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/error.log" nginx http access log file: "/usr/local/nginx/logs/access.log" nginx http client request body temporary files: "client_body_temp" nginx http proxy temporary files: "proxy_temp" nginx http fastcgi temporary files: "fastcgi_temp" nginx http uwsgi temporary files: "uwsgi_temp" nginx http scgi temporary files: "scgi_temp" It says if you get errors to stop and make sure packages are installed. I didn't get errors but as you can see I got several "not founds". Are those considered errors? If so how do I resolve that. And as noted in the link, I cannot install through yum, because it wont work with plesk then. Thanks!

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• dhcpd: varying vendor-class-identifier

  - by jessicah

  I'm having trouble selectively sending parameters in response to a DHCP Inform packet using groups (or even without, just using host declarations) for bootp stuff. My configuration file right now looks like: subnet 130.123.131.128 netmask 255.255.255.128 { allow unknown-clients; } host dev-mac-09 { option vendor-class-identifier "example-identifier"; hardware ethernet 10:9a:dd:51:ff:83; } If I put vendor-class-identifier in the global scope, using tcpdump I can see that the client receives the vendor class option successfully. If I take it out, and just keep it in the host scope (or group scope), the client never receives the option. Specifying option dhcp-parameter-request list 60 doesn't help either. I did try using a class definition inside a group, but then it applied even if the host wasn't a part of the group. As an aside, how do I get detailed logging? At least something to indicate what groups and things got used to generate the response to the client.

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• Amazon ec2 folder missing

  - by CQM

  To set permissions on the settings file On your Amazon EC2 instance, at a command prompt, use the following command to set permissions: sudo chmod 666 /var/www/html/sites/default/settings.php except I don't have a www folder in my instance [ec2-user@ip-10-242-118-215 ~]$ cd / [ec2-user@ip-10-242-118-215 /]$ ls bin cgroup etc lib local media opt root selinux sys usr boot dev home lib64 lost+found mnt proc sbin srv tmp var [ec2-user@ip-10-242-118-215 /]$ cd var [ec2-user@ip-10-242-118-215 var]$ ls account db games local log nis preserve run tmp cache empty lib lock mail opt racoon spool yp Please advise, did I forget to install something that the amazon instructions assumed I knew about? Running 64bit Amazon linux ami march 2012 I feel like the webserver is missing?

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• elilo commandline boot config that includes spaces

  - by qdot

  I've got an elilo (EFI LILO) config file that includes spaces in the label - like that: image=/EFI/gentoo/boot/kernel-genkernel-ia64-3.1.6-gentoo label="Gentoo IA64 3.1.6" append="real_root=/dev/sda2" initrd=/EFI/gentoo/boot/initramfs-genkernel-ia64-3.1.6-gentoo read-only How can I select this label from ELILO's command line - the usual suspects: Gentoo IA64 3.1.6 "Gentoo IA64 3.1.6" 'Gentoo IA64 3.1.6' Gentoo\ IA64\ 3.1.6 all fail with the Kernel file not found Gentoo/"Gentoo/'Gentoo/Gentoo\" kind of error. Surely there must be a way to use a 'space' without making it a parameter delimeter?

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• why use mixed-based replication for mysql

  - by Alistair Prestidge

  I am in the process of configuring MySQL replication and am intending to use row-based-replication but I was also reading up about mixed-based replication. This is where statement-based is the default and then for certain circumstances (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/binary-log-mixed.html) MySQL will switch to row-based. The list is quit vast on when it will switch to row-based. My questions are: Does any one use mixed? If yes why did you chose this over just using one or the other? Thanks in advance

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• Amazon EC2 Creating Tunnel with OpenVPN

  - by nocode

  I have followed these instructions: http://aws.amazon.com/articles/0639686206802544 I can ping the VPN endpoints and I have the corresponding VPC CIDR pointing to the EC2 instance in the route table. Here is my config: port 1194 proto udp dev tun # Remote peer and network remote Elastic_IP route 10.0.0.0/16 # Configure local and remote VPN endpoints ifconfig 169.254.255.1 169.254.255.2 # The pre-shared static key secret /etc/openvpn/ovpn.key keepalive 10 120 persist-key persist-tun log /var/log/openvpn.log verb 3 When I look at my logs, I get this error: RESOLVE: Cannot resolve host address: 10.0.0.0/16: Name or service not known OpenVPN ROUTE: failed to parse/resolve route for host/network: 10.0.0.0/16 in VPC1, the CIDR is 172.31.0.0/16 which is targeting the EC2 instance also running OpenVPN. I'm getting the same error from the Instance in VPC2 with the corresponding CIDR. Just for testing, i stopped the IPTABLES service I am running the Amazon linux AMI image (x64) as specified in the article I linked.

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• Generating SSL certificates

  - by user73483

  Hi, I was wondering if anyone has any idea in how to generate a signed CA cert and key using openssl? I have found this website (http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/5.1/en/secure-create-certs.html) to generate the client and server certs for mysql server but the example is a self-signed certificate. I use the following command for running the server and client using openssl and the generated certs and keys: openssl s_server -accept 6502 -cert server-cert.pem -key server-key.pem -CAfile ca-cert.pem -www openssl s_client -connect 192.168.1.92:6502 -cert client-cert.pem -key client-key.pem -CAfile ca-cert.pem The error output I get is "Verify return code: 18 (self signed certificate)". Paul

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• Password protect web directory with htpasswd on Cherokee

  - by wdkrnls

  I have a directory on my Cherokee webserver that I am trying to password protect so that when I try to enter it from a web browser, I get a pop up demanding username and password. Needless to say I am getting stuck. I have created the .htaccess file with: AuthUserFile /srv/http/protected AuthGroupFile /dev/null AuthName "Protected Stuff" AuthType Basic Require valid-user And I used the apache-tools' htpasswd command: htpasswd -c .htpasswd wdkrnls I configured Cherokee with a behavior rule on the /protected directory which requires htpasswd authentication and restarted. I get Error 405 Method Not Allowed whenever I navigate there in a directory. What more do I need to do? Thanks for your help.

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• Why does cd print when run in command substitution?

  - by reasgt

  If I use the 'cd' BASH built-in in a command substitution, it prints extra stuff to stdout, but only when piped to, eg., less. $ echo `cd .` # The output is a single newline, appended by echo. $ echo `cd .` | less # less displays: ESC]2;my.hostname.com - tmp/testenv^G (END) What's going on there? This behavior isn't documented in the bash man page for cd. Obviously, running just 'cd' in a command substitution is silly, but something like NEWDIR=`cd mypath; pwd` could be useful. I solved this by instead using NEWVAR=`cd mypath > /dev/null 2>&1; pwd` but I still want to know what's going on. Bash Version: GNU bash, version 3.2.25(1)-release (x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu) Copyright (C) 2005 Free Software Foundation, Inc. Distro: Scientific Linux SL release 5.5 (Boron)

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• Adding IP address to OpenVZ VPS (OpenVZ Web Panel)

  - by andy

  I apologise if I sound at all dumb. This is my first dedicated server having used a VPS for over a year and I'm trying to setup a VPS on this new server. I purchased a subnet from my hosting provider that I believe allows me 6 usable IP addresses: 177.xx.xxx.201 - 177.xx.xxx.206 The subnet address looks like this: 177.xx.xxx.200/29. I've gone on my server and added them like it said on a wiki like so: ip addr add 177.**.***.201/29 dev eth0 I done that for all six and now when I go to them in the browser they point to my server. The problem is, I'm using OpenVZ web panel to create VMs (http://code.google.com/p/ovz-web-panel/) so I created a VM and assigned one of those IPs to it. However when SSHing to that IP it SSH's to the dedicated server and not the VM. Am I missing something?

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• should the same machine key be used in development and production environments?

  - by Henry Troup

  Our production servers all have the same machine key. However, our production and development systems do not have identical machine keys. We get heaps (about one per second) of exceptions of the form System.Security.Cryptography.CryptographicException: Padding is invalid and cannot be removed. at System.Security.Cryptography.RijndaelManagedTransform.DecryptData() at System.Security.Cryptography.RijndaelManagedTransform.TransformFinalBlock() at System.Security.Cryptography.CryptoStream.FlushFinalBlock() at System.Web.Configuration.MachineKeySection.EncryptOrDecryptData() at System.Web.UI.Page.DecryptStringWithIV()... We deploy the code after a build, .cs source is not present on production. aspx files are present on production. (Should I have posted in Stack Overflow? It's not a coding question.) From experimentation, we've found using the dev machine key value causes the exceptions to go away. Does anyone have documentation that I can use with the security team on the need for identical keys at compile and deployment time?

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• Running evrouter at boot with init.d, or after xserver starts

  - by J V

  I'm using evrouter to set up mouse button binds, and init.d to start it. My init.d file: #!/bin/bash #Simple init.d script to run evrouter ### BEGIN INIT INFO # Provides: evrouter # Default-Start: 2 3 4 5 # Default-Stop: 0 1 6 # Short-Description: Set evrouter bindings # Description: Set evrouter bindings at boot time. ### END INIT INFO config="/opt/hacks/evrouterrc" case "$1" in start|restart|reload|force-reload) evrouter -c "$config" /dev/input/event* ;; stop) echo "Evrouter is not a daemon, change settings file at '$config' and restart" ;; *) echo "Usage: $0 start" >&2 exit 3 ;; esac evrouter however complains that: evrouter: could not open display "". If evrouter requires xserver to be up, how do I get init to wait until after xserver starts to run this script? If xserver restarts will this script run automatically? Running this with sudo services evrouter start still results in this error, can init.d scripts not tell where my display is? (Not exactly familiar with init, runlevels, etc)

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• Yum install in chroot directory

  - by pulegium

  I'm trying to install the Base group on a mounted volume. Here's the custom yum.conf that I'm using: [main] cachedir=/var/cache/yum/ debuglevel=2 logfile=/var/log/yum.log exclude=*-debuginfo obsoletes=1 gpgcheck=0 reposdir=/dev/null [base] name=Fedora 13 - i386 baseurl=file:///media/Fedora\ 13\ i386\ DVD/ enabled=1 [updates] name=Fedora 13 - i386 - Updates baseurl=http://mirror.sov.uk.goscomb.net/fedora/linux/updates/13/i386/ enabled=1 When I run # yum -c yum.conf --installroot=/mnt groupinstall Base I would expect yum to install everything under /mnt But it keeps on saying: [...] Package irda-utils-0.9.18-10.fc12.i686 already installed and latest version Package time-1.7-37.fc12.i686 already installed and latest version Package man-pages-3.23-6.fc13.noarch already installed and latest version Package talk-0.17-33.2.4.i686 already installed and latest version Package pam_passwdqc-1.0.5-6.fc13.i686 already installed and latest version [...] I tried rpm --base=/mnt --initdb and then use rpm to install fedora-release (which worked and installed the package under /mnt) But yum keeps on saying that all packages are installed. Any ideas?...

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• Getting around the lack of GPT support with CentOS 5.4

  - by sxanness

  Here is my issue and I hoping that there is someone out there that has an answer so I don't end up stuck here at my co-location all day. Last night I came here and upgraded a server (Dell 2970) to have four 1TB Hard Drives in RAID 5 which leaves a 3TB block. I tried to partition this but keep getting an error that GPT is not supported so I found a site online telling me I need to run the dd command and right random data to /dev/sda. This is great (if it works) but taking forever. I have two more machines to upgrade today and not a chair in site. Does anyone have advice on how I can avoid this issue beforehand? Thank You for your advice and support.

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• Bash Script Exits su or ssh Session Rather than Script

  - by Russ

  I am using CentOS 5.4. I created a bash script that does some checking before running any commands. If the check fails, it will simply exit 0. The problem I am having is that on our server, the script will exit the su or ssh session when the exit 0 is called. #!/bin/bash # check if directory has contents and exit if none if [ -z "`ls /ebs_raid/import/*.txt 2>/dev/null`" ]; then echo "ok" exit 0 fi here is the output: [root@ip-10-251-86-31 ebs_raid]# . test.sh ok [russ@ip-10-251-86-31 ebs_raid]$ as you can see, I was removed from my sudo session, if I wasn't in the sudo session, it would have logged me out of my ssh session. I am not sure what I am doing wrong here or where to start.

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• All traffic is passed through OpenVPN although not requested

  - by BFH

  I have a bash script on a Ubuntu box which searches for the fastest openvpn server, connects, and binds one program to the tun0 interface. Unfortunately, all traffic is being passed through the VPN. Does anybody know what's going on? The relevant line follows: openvpn --daemon --config $cfile --auth-user-pass ipvanish.pass --status openvpn-status.log There don't seem to be any entries in iptables when I enter sudo iptables --list. The config files look like this: client dev tun proto tcp remote nyc-a04.ipvanish.com 443 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun persist-remote-ip ca ca.ipvanish.com.crt tls-remote nyc-a04.ipvanish.com auth-user-pass comp-lzo verb 3 auth SHA256 cipher AES-256-CBC keysize 256 tls-cipher DHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:DHE-DSS-AES256-SHA:AES256-SHA There is nothing in there that would direct everything through tun0, so maybe it's a new vagary of Ubuntu? I don't remember this happening in the past.

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• SELinux "allow httpd_t httpd_sys_content_t:dir write;"

  - by alexus

  I'm getting following message in my /var/log/audit/audit.log: type=AVC msg=audit(1402615093.053:68): avc: denied { write } for pid=799 comm="httpd" name="php" dev="xvda1" ino=8667365 scontext=system_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 tcontext=unconfined_u:object_r:httpd_sys_content_t:s0 tclass=dir type=SYSCALL msg=audit(1402615093.053:68): arch=c000003e syscall=2 success=no exit=-13 a0=7f7a5ca697a8 a1=241 a2=1b6 a3=1 items=0 ppid=662 pid=799 auid=4294967295 uid=48 gid=48 euid=48 suid=48 fsuid=48 egid=48 sgid=48 fsgid=48 tty=(none) ses=4294967295 comm="httpd" exe="/usr/sbin/httpd" subj=system_u:system_r:httpd_t:s0 key=(null) pipe audit2allow outputs: #============= httpd_t ============== #!!!! This avc can be allowed using the boolean 'httpd_unified' allow httpd_t httpd_sys_content_t:dir write; How do I apply allow httpd_t httpd_sys_content_t:dir write; to my current SELinux policy?

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• zfs rename/move root filesystem into child

  - by Anton

  Similar question exists but the solution (using mv) is awful because in this case it works as "copy, then remove" rather than pure "move". So, I created a pool: zpool create tank /dev/loop0 and rsynced my data from another storage in there directly so that my data is now in /tank. zfs list NAME USED AVAIL REFER MOUNTPOINT tank 591G 2.10T 591G /tank Now I've realized that I need my data to be in a child filesystem, not in /tank filesystem directly. So how do I move or rename the existing root filesystem so that it becomes a child within the pool? Simple rename won't work: zfs rename tank tank/mydata cannot rename to 'tank/mydata': datasets must be within same pool (Btw, why does it complain the datasets are not within same pool when if fact I only have one pool?) I know there are solutions that involve copying all the data (mv, or sending the whole dataset to another device and back), but shouldn't there be a simple elegant way? Just noting that I do not care of snapshots at this stage (there are none yet to care of).

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• How do I configure OpenVPN for accessing the internet with one NIC?

  - by Lekensteyn

  I've been trying to get OpenVPN to work for three days. After reading many questions, the HOWTO, the FAQ and even parts of a guide to Linux networking, I cannot get my an Internet connection to the Internet. I'm trying to set up a OpenVPN server on a VPS, which will be used for: secure access to the Internet bypassing port restrictions (directadmin/2222 for example) an IPv6 connection (my client does only have IPv4 connectivity, while the VPS has both IPv4 and native IPv6 connectivity) (if possible) I can connect to my server and access the machine (HTTP), but Internet connectivity fails completely. I'm using ping 8.8.8.8 for testing whether my connection works or not. Using tcpdump and iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -j LOG, I can confirm that the packets reach my server. If I ping to 8.8.8.8 on the VPS, I get an echo-reply from 8.8.8.8 as expected. When pinging from the client, I do not get an echo-reply. The VPS has only one NIC: etho. It runs on Xen. Summary: I want to have a secure connection between my laptop and the Internet using OpenVPN. If that works, I want to have IPv6 connectivity as well. Network setup and software: Home laptop (eth0: 192.168.2.10) (tap0: 10.8.0.2) | | (running Kubuntu 10.10; OpenVPN 2.1.0-3ubuntu1) | wifi | router/gateway (gateway 192.168.2.1) | INTERNET | VPS (eth0:1.2.3.4) (gateway, tap0: 10.8.0.1) (running Debian 6; OpenVPN 2.1.3-2) wifi and my home router should not cause problems since all traffic goes encrypted over UDP port 1194. I've turned IP forwarding on: # echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward iptables has been configured to allow forwarding traffic as well: iptables -F FORWARD iptables -A FORWARD -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -s 10.8.0.0/24 -j ACCEPT iptables -A FORWARD -j DROP I've tried each of these rules separately without luck (flushing the chains before executing): iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j SNAT --to 1.2.3.4 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 10.8.0.0/24 -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE route -n before (server): 1.2.3.4 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 0.0.0.0 1.2.3.4 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 route -n after (server): 1.2.3.4 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0 10.8.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 tap0 0.0.0.0 1.2.3.4 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 route -n before (client): 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 2 0 0 wlan0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 wlan0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 wlan0 route -n after (client): 1.2.3.4 192.168.2.1 255.255.255.255 UGH 0 0 0 wlan0 10.8.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 tap0 192.168.2.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 2 0 0 wlan0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 wlan0 0.0.0.0 10.8.0.1 128.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tap0 128.0.0.0 10.8.0.1 128.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 tap0 0.0.0.0 192.168.2.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 wlan0 SERVER config proto udp dev tap ca ca.crt cert server.crt key server.key dh dh1024.pem server 10.8.0.0 255.255.255.0 push "redirect-gateway def1" ifconfig-pool-persist ipp.txt keepalive 10 120 tls-auth ta.key 0 comp-lzo user nobody group nobody persist-key persist-tun log-append openvpn-log verb 3 mute 10 CLIENT config dev tap proto udp remote 1.2.3.4 1194 resolv-retry infinite nobind persist-key persist-tun ca ca.crt cert client.crt key client.key ns-cert-type server tls-auth ta.key 1 comp-lzo verb 3 mute 20 traceroute 8.8.8.8 works as expected (similar output without OpenVPN activated): 1 10.8.0.1 (10.8.0.1) 24.276 ms 26.891 ms 29.454 ms 2 gw03.sbp.directvps.nl (178.21.112.1) 31.161 ms 31.890 ms 34.458 ms 3 ge0-v0652.cr0.nik-ams.nl.as8312.net (195.210.57.105) 35.353 ms 36.874 ms 38.403 ms 4 ge0-v3900.cr0.nik-ams.nl.as8312.net (195.210.57.53) 41.311 ms 41.561 ms 43.006 ms 5 * * * 6 209.85.248.88 (209.85.248.88) 147.061 ms 36.931 ms 28.063 ms 7 216.239.49.36 (216.239.49.36) 31.109 ms 33.292 ms 216.239.49.28 (216.239.49.28) 64.723 ms 8 209.85.255.130 (209.85.255.130) 49.350 ms 209.85.255.126 (209.85.255.126) 49.619 ms 209.85.255.122 (209.85.255.122) 52.416 ms 9 google-public-dns-a.google.com (8.8.8.8) 41.266 ms 44.054 ms 44.730 ms If you have any suggestions, please comment or answer. Thanks in advance.

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• Redirecting X output

  - by Adam Matan

  Hi, I have a small program that checks some elements of a web service. The program shows graphics output and displays commmand-line results as well. I have been trying to automate this program to run periodically on a server in my office. Problem is, It only works when I have X enabled - either directly on the server, or via ssh -X. Following Google, I have tried Xvfb, which gave me quite cryptic error message: Xvfb :1 -screen 0 1600x1200x32 Fatal server error: Server is already active for display 1 If this server is no longer running, remove /tmp/.X1-lock and start again. Any ideas how to run it? I'm actually looking for the X equivalent of &>/dev/null... Thanks in advance, Adam

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