Win32 and Win64 programming in C sources?
- by Nick Rosencrantz
I'm learning OpenGL with C and that makes me include the windows.h file in my project. I'd like to look at some more specific windows functions and I wonder if you can cite some good sources for learning the basics of Win32 and Win64 programming in C (or C++).
I use MS Visual C++ and I prefer to stick with C even though much of the Windows API seems to be C++. I'd like my program to be portable and using some platform-indepedent graphics library like OpenGL I could make my program portable with some slight changes for window management. Could you direct me with some pointers to books or www links where I can find more info? I've already studied the OpenGL red book and the C programming language, what I'm looking for is the platform-dependent stuff and how to handle that since I run both Linux and Windows where I find the development environment Visual Studio is pretty good but the debugger gdb is not available on windows so it's a trade off which environment i'll choose in the end - Linux with gcc or Windows with MSVC.
Here is the program that draws a graphics primitive with some use of windows.h This program is also runnable on Linux without changing the code that actually draws the graphics primitive:
#include <windows.h>
#include <gl/gl.h>
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
void EnableOpenGL(HWND hwnd, HDC*, HGLRC*);
void DisableOpenGL(HWND, HDC, HGLRC);
int WINAPI WinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,
HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,
LPSTR lpCmdLine,
int nCmdShow)
{
WNDCLASSEX wcex;
HWND hwnd;
HDC hDC;
HGLRC hRC;
MSG msg;
BOOL bQuit = FALSE;
float theta = 0.0f;
/* register window class */
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wcex.style = CS_OWNDC;
wcex.lpfnWndProc = WindowProc;
wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
wcex.hInstance = hInstance;
wcex.hIcon = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);
wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);
wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)GetStockObject(BLACK_BRUSH);
wcex.lpszMenuName = NULL;
wcex.lpszClassName = "GLSample";
wcex.hIconSm = LoadIcon(NULL, IDI_APPLICATION);;
if (!RegisterClassEx(&wcex))
return 0;
/* create main window */
hwnd = CreateWindowEx(0,
"GLSample",
"OpenGL Sample",
WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
CW_USEDEFAULT,
256,
256,
NULL,
NULL,
hInstance,
NULL);
ShowWindow(hwnd, nCmdShow);
/* enable OpenGL for the window */
EnableOpenGL(hwnd, &hDC, &hRC);
/* program main loop */
while (!bQuit)
{
/* check for messages */
if (PeekMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
/* handle or dispatch messages */
if (msg.message == WM_QUIT)
{
bQuit = TRUE;
}
else
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
}
else
{
/* OpenGL animation code goes here */
glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f);
glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT);
glPushMatrix();
glRotatef(theta, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);
glBegin(GL_TRIANGLES);
glColor3f(1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(0.0f, 1.0f);
glColor3f(0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f); glVertex2f(0.87f, -0.5f);
glColor3f(0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f); glVertex2f(-0.87f, -0.5f);
glEnd();
glPopMatrix();
SwapBuffers(hDC);
theta += 1.0f;
Sleep (1);
}
}
/* shutdown OpenGL */
DisableOpenGL(hwnd, hDC, hRC);
/* destroy the window explicitly */
DestroyWindow(hwnd);
return msg.wParam;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WindowProc(HWND hwnd, UINT uMsg, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
switch (uMsg)
{
case WM_CLOSE:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
return 0;
case WM_KEYDOWN:
{
switch (wParam)
{
case VK_ESCAPE:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
}
}
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hwnd, uMsg, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
void EnableOpenGL(HWND hwnd, HDC* hDC, HGLRC* hRC)
{
PIXELFORMATDESCRIPTOR pfd;
int iFormat;
/* get the device context (DC) */
*hDC = GetDC(hwnd);
/* set the pixel format for the DC */
ZeroMemory(&pfd, sizeof(pfd));
pfd.nSize = sizeof(pfd);
pfd.nVersion = 1;
pfd.dwFlags = PFD_DRAW_TO_WINDOW |
PFD_SUPPORT_OPENGL | PFD_DOUBLEBUFFER;
pfd.iPixelType = PFD_TYPE_RGBA;
pfd.cColorBits = 24;
pfd.cDepthBits = 16;
pfd.iLayerType = PFD_MAIN_PLANE;
iFormat = ChoosePixelFormat(*hDC, &pfd);
SetPixelFormat(*hDC, iFormat, &pfd);
/* create and enable the render context (RC) */
*hRC = wglCreateContext(*hDC);
wglMakeCurrent(*hDC, *hRC);
}
void DisableOpenGL (HWND hwnd, HDC hDC, HGLRC hRC)
{
wglMakeCurrent(NULL, NULL);
wglDeleteContext(hRC);
ReleaseDC(hwnd, hDC);
}
