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• C error expected specifier-qualifier-list before ‘time_t’

  - by ambika

  I got the error from error.c:31: /usr/include/ap/mas.h:254: error: expected specifier-qualifier-list before ‘time_t’ make: *** [error.o] Error 1 Feedback We at least need to see line 31 of error.c and line 254 of mas.h, with preferably a few lines of context around each. This error may have nothing to do with how time_t is being declared. – John Bode Then I check in error.c (line no 31) -- #include "mas.h" then I check line no 254 in mas.h. in mas.h #include <sys/types.h> typedef struct _x{ time_t time; }x; Can anybody suggest where I am going wrong?

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• Programatically find out a file type by looking its binary content. Possible?

  - by daemonkid

  I have a c# component that will recieve a file of the following types .doc, .pdf, .xls, .rtf These will be sent by the calling siebel legacy app as a filestream. So... [LegacyApp] {Binary file stream} [Component] The legacy app is a black box that cant be modified to tell the component what file type (doc,pdf,xls) it is sending. The component needs to read this binary stream and create a file on the filesystem with the right extension. Any ideas? Thanks for your time.

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• Xcode automatically converts the object to NSArray

  - by Farrukh Javeid

  I have been working on an app and during the development, I am facing a very strange problem. I have a NSMutableArray tempSortedArray, which is full of objects of Store types. All the objects are valid as I can see them in my GUI, the problem arises when I iterate through the array, at index 90, which can be generally anyone, the XCode converts the Store object to NSMutableArray object. Any idea, why this is happening. This is the code to check out what I am doing: NSSortDescriptor *sortDescriptor = [[NSSortDescriptor alloc] initWithKey:@"cashBack" ascending:NO]; NSArray *sortDescriptors = [NSArray arrayWithObject:sortDescriptor]; NSArray *sortedArray = [storesArray sortedArrayUsingDescriptors:sortDescriptors]; for (int i = 0; i < [tempSortedArray count]; i++) { Store *currentStore = [tempSortedArray objectAtIndex:i]; NSLog(@"store class: %@", [currentStore.class description]); if (currentStore.cashBackTypeString != (id)[NSNull null]) { //do whatever is required to do here }

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• mac, java 1.5: javax.mail not recognized as a jar file

  - by Helpme

  hello fellow java developers, Having a little issue with creating a java application on a macintosh computer (snow leopard). I've set up my application in eclipse, added all of the appropriate jar files, but for some reason the code is not recognizing some of my variables as valid types. I've imported the libraries via import javax.mail.*; import javax.mail.internet.*; These libraries are not recognized by the application. BUT I've put them on the build path! Any advice on how to fix this?

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• Design pattern: polymorphisim for list of objects

  - by ziang

  Suppose I have a class A, and A1, A2 inherits from A. There are 2 functions: List<A1> getListA1(){...} List<A2> getListA2(){...} Now I want to do something similar to both A1 and A2 in another function public void process(List<A>){...} If I want to pass the instance of either ListA1 or ListA2, of course the types doesn't match because the compiler doesn't allow the coercion from List< A1 to List< A. I can't do something like this: List<A1> listA1 = getListA1(); List<A> newList = (List<A>)listA1; //this is not allowed. So what is the best approach to the process()? Is there any way to do it in a universal way rather than write the similar code to both List and List?

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• Can I serialize a BitArray to XML?

  - by SimonNet

  Hello I have a business class which I need to serialize to xml. It has a BitArray property. I have decorated it with [XmlAttribute] but the serialization is failing with To be XML serializable, types which inherit from ICollection must have an implementation of Add(System.Boolean) at all levels of their inheritance hierarchy. System.Collections.BitArray does not implement Add(System.Boolean). I am not sure whether its possible to serialize to xml? If not what would be an efficient means of serializing the BitArray Thanks for looking

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• Shared WCF client code between .NET and Silverlight apps?

  - by Eduardo Scoz

  I'm developing a .NET application that will have both a WinForms and a Silverlight client. Although the majority of code will be in the server, I'll need to have quite a bit of logic in the clients as well, and I would like to keep the client library code the same. From what I could figure out so far, I need to have two different project types, a class library and a Silverlight class library, and link the files from one project to the other. This seems kind of lame, but it works for simple code. My problem, though, is that the code generated by the SVCUtil.exe to access WCF services is different from the code generated by the slsvcutil.exe, and the silverlight code is actually incompatible with the .NET one: I get a bunch of problems with the System.ServiceModel.Channel classes when I try to import the class into .NET. Has anybody done anything similar to this before? What am I doing wrong?

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• Amazon EC2 prices for Windows Instance?

  - by Abhishek Gupta

  Hello Guys , I want to ask from some Amazon cloud technology Experts , that is it profitable to deploy our web application on amazon cloud as compared to normal server? Currently there are micro,small, large and other types of instances available , if we start from micro instance then we realize that our app needs some more CPU cycle and Ram then how can we dynamically move to next more powerful instance automatically at runtime. What is the approx minimum yearly cost for a single EC2 windows small instance? I wnat to deploy a simple Online quiz application (ASP.net based) on Amazon Cloud which at a time can have maximum of 500 users only. Please suggest me as I m very new to Cloud .Should I go for Azure or Amazon?

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• Generic TypeIdenitifier convertion.How?

  - by John

  How do I convert the TypeIdenitifier to a class type? I need to use implicit convertion. type TMyChildArray<T>=class(TMyArray<T>) private FData:Array of T; procedure AddEnd(); end; TTypeIdenitifierParentClass=class(TAnotherParentClass) protected TestField:Cardinal; end; procedure TMyChildArray<T>.AddEnd(); var elem:T; begin for elem in Fdata do TTypeIdenitifierParentClass(elem).TestField:=0; end; I get "Invalid typecast" on the implicit convertion "TTypeIdenitifierParentClass(elem).TestField:=0;". The principle I want to use is that the TypeIdenitifier will represent a class that descends from TTypeIdenitifierParentClass.There are many class types,but all of them descend that class. How do I do this?

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• Can functions like sin() be redefined, in Fortran, C or Java?

  - by EOL

  Can a mathematical function like sin() be redefined, in Fortran, C or Java code, while preserving the default behavior of other mathematical functions like cos()? Or can another function named sin() but that accepts different argument types be defined in addition to the built-in sin()? I am interested in general features of these languages (I am thinking of applications like the implementation of non-usual number algebras). I tried to define a sin() function in a Fortran 95 program, but the intrinsic sin() function was called instead… Is there a way around this? what about C and Java?

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• Best way to test instance methods without running __init__

  - by KenFar

  I've got a simple class that gets most of its arguments via init, which also runs a variety of private methods that do most of the work. Output is available either through access to object variables or public methods. Here's the problem - I'd like my unittest framework to directly call the private methods called by init with different data - without going through init. What's the best way to do this? So far, I've been refactoring these classes so that init does less and data is passed in separately. This makes testing easy, but I think the usability of the class suffers a little. EDIT: Example solution based on Ignacio's answer: import types class C(object): def __init__(self, number): new_number = self._foo(number) self._bar(new_number) def _foo(self, number): return number * 2 def _bar(self, number): print number * 10 #--- normal execution - should print 160: ------- MyC = C(8) #--- testing execution - should print 80 -------- MyC = object.__new__(C) MyC._bar(8)

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• c++ function overloading, making fwrite/fread act like PHP versions

  - by Newbie

  I'm used to the PHP fwrite/fread parameter orders, and i want to make them the same in C++ too. I want it to work with char and string types, and also any data type i put in it (only if length is defined). I am total noob on c++, this is what i made so far: size_t fwrite(FILE *fp, const std::string buf, const size_t len = SIZE_MAX){ if(len == SIZE_MAX){ return fwrite(buf.c_str(), 1, buf.length(), fp); }else{ return fwrite(buf.c_str(), 1, len, fp); } } size_t fwrite(FILE *fp, const void *buf, const size_t len = SIZE_MAX){ if(len == SIZE_MAX){ return fwrite((const char *)buf, 1, strlen((const char *)buf), fp); }else{ return fwrite(buf, 1, len, fp); } } Should this work just fine? And how should this be done if i wanted to do it the absolutely best possible way?

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• Decorators vs. classes in python web development.

  - by Tristan

  I've noticed three main ways Python web frameworks deal request handing: decorators, controller classes with methods for individual requests, and request classes with methods for GET/POST. I'm curious about the virtues of these three approaches. Are there major advantages or disadvantages to any of these approaches? To fix ideas, here are three examples. Bottle uses decorators: @route('/') def index(): return 'Hello World!' Pylons uses controller classes: class HelloController(BaseController): def index(self): return 'Hello World' Tornado uses request handler classes with methods for types: class MainHandler(tornado.web.RequestHandler): def get(self): self.write("Hello, world") Which style is the best practice?

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• What structure of data use to communicate via tcp/ip in java?

  - by rmaster

  Let's assume I want to send many messages between 2 programs made in java that use TCP sockets. I think the most convienient way is to send objects like: PrintStream ps = new PrintStream(s.getOutputStream()); ObjectOutputStream oos = new ObjectOutputStream(ps); some_kind_of_object_here; oos.writeObject(some_kind_of_object_here); ps.print(oos); I want to send, strings, numbers, HashMaps, boolean values How can I do this using fx 1 object that can store all that properties? I though about ArrayList that is serializable and we can put there everything but is not elegant way. I want to send different types of data because user can choose from a variety of options that server can do for it. Any advices?

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• How to determine MIME Type set by htaccess in PHP

  - by Ed Marty

  I have a .htaccess file set up to define specific MIME types in directory root/a/b/, and all of the files are in the same directory. I have a php file that wants to serve those files, in directory root/c/, and needs to determine the content-type as defined by the .htaccess file. Is there any way to do this? PHP version is 5.1.6. mime_content_type returns text/plain, and I'd rather not try to parse the .htaccess file manually. I can move the file if necessary.

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• Definition of variables/fields type within a constructor, how is it done?

  - by elementz

  I just had a look at Suns Java tutorial, and found something that totally confused me: Given the following example: public Bicycle(int startCadence, int startSpeed, int startGear) { gear = startGear; cadence = startCadence; speed = startSpeed; } Why is it, that the types of the variables (fields?) gear, cadence and speed do not need to be defined? I would have written it as follows: public Bicycle(int startCadence, int startSpeed, int startGear) { int gear = startGear; int cadence = startCadence; int speed = startSpeed; } What would be the actual differnce?

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• How SqlDataAdapter works internally?

  - by tigrou

  I wonder how SqlDataAdapter works internally, especially when using UpdateCommand for updating a huge DataTable (since it's usually a lot faster that just sending sql statements from a loop). Here is some idea I have in mind : It creates a prepared sql statement (using SqlCommand.Prepare()) with CommandText filled and sql parameters initialized with correct sql types. Then, it loops on datarows that need to be updated, and for each record, it updates parameters values, and call SqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery(). It creates a bunch of SqlCommand objects with everything filled inside (CommandText and sql parameters). Several SqlCommands at once are then batched to the server (depending of UpdateBatchSize). It uses some special, low level or undocumented sql driver instructions that allow to perform an update on several rows in a effecient way (rows to update would need to be provided using a special data format and a the same sql query (UpdateCommand here) would be executed against each of these rows).

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• Is Classic ADO still viable for a mixed managed/unmanaged App?

  - by Andy Dent

  We have a complex architecture with much logic in unmanaged code that needs database access. Currently this is via ODBC drivers and MFC classes and we're considering the issues of migrating our abstraction layer to use ADO or ADO.Net. In the latter case we'd have to be pushing database logic back up into the .Net layer. I'm trying to decide if the pain of invoking the database via .Net callbacks is offset by the improvements in ADO.Net. The Wikipedia comparison was interesting although I'm not sure I believe all the points in the comparison table (eg: does ADO.Net always use XML to pass data?). A 2005 comparison shows ADO.Net performing dramatically faster. Microsoft's guide to ADO.Net for ADO programmers suggests we will gain much from going to ADO.Net especially the way that data is available in native (.Net) types rather than solely through OLEAutomation's Variant.

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• Is both approach same ?

  - by Harikrishna

  I have one datatable which is not bindided and records are coming from the file by parsing it in the datatable dynamically every time. Now there is three columns in the datatable Marks1,Marks2 and FinalMarks. And their types is decimal. Now for making addition of columns Marks1 and Marks2 's records and store it into FinalMarks column,For that what I do is : datatableResult.Columns["FinalMarks"].Expression="Marks1+Marks2"; It's works properly. It can be done in other way also is foreach (DataRow r in datatableResult.Rows) { r["FinalMarks"]=Convert.ToDecimal(r["Marks1"])+Convert.ToDecimal(r["Marks2"]); } Now I don't know that which is the best way to do this means performance wise. Is first approach same as second approach in background means is both approach same or what?

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• Getting .NET schema for a stored procedure result

  - by PHeiberg

  I have a couple of stored procedures in T-SQL where each stored procedure has a fixed schema for the result set. I need to map the result sets for each procedure to a POCO object and need the column name and type for each column in the result set. Is there a quick way of accessing the information? The best way I have found so far is accessing each stored procedure from .NET and writing my own extension method on a IDataReader/IDataRecord for dumping the information (column names and types) out. Example, a stored procedure executing the following query: SELECT Id, IntField, NullableIntField, VarcharField, DateField FROM SomeTable would require me to have the mapping information: Id - Guid IntField - System.Int32 NullableIntField - Nullable<System.Int32> VarcharField - String DateField - DateTime

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• Why does the Scala compiler disallow overloaded methods with default arguments?

  - by soc

  While there might be valid cases where such method overloadings could become ambiguous, why does the compiler disallow code which is neither ambiguous at compile time nor at run time? Example: // This fails: def foo(a: String)(b: Int = 42) = a + b def foo(a: Int) (b: Int = 42) = a + b // This fails, too. Even if there is no position in the argument list, // where the types are the same. def foo(a: Int) (b: Int = 42) = a + b def foo(a: String)(b: String = "Foo") = a + b // This is OK: def foo(a: String)(b: Int) = a + b def foo(a: Int) (b: Int = 42) = a + b // Even this is OK. def foo(a: Int)(b: Int) = a + b def foo(a: Int)(b: String = "Foo") = a + b val bar = foo(42)_ // This complains obviously ... Are there any reasons why these restrictions can't be loosened a bit? Especially when converting heavily overloaded Java code to Scala default arguments are a very important and it isn't nice to find out after replacing plenty of Java methods by one Scala methods that the spec/compiler imposes arbitrary restrictions.

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• In Scala 2.8 collections, why was the Traversable type added above Iterable?

  - by Seth Tisue

  I know that to be Traversable, you need only have a foreach method. Iterable requires an iterator method. Both the Scala 2.8 collections SID and the "Fighting Bitrot with Types" paper are basically silent on the subject of why Traversable was added. The SID only says "David McIver... proposed Traversable as a generalization of Iterable." I have vaguely gathered from discussions on IRC that it has to do with reclaiming resources when traversal of a collection terminates? The following is probably related to my question. There are some odd-looking function definitions in TraversableLike.scala, for example: def isEmpty: Boolean = { var result = true breakable { for (x <- this) { result = false break } } result } I assume there's a good reason that wasn't just written as: def isEmpty: Boolean = { for (x <- this) return false true }

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• C# Bug or Brain Teaser? Cast working only with Coalesce (??) Operator

  - by Alex

  This is very strange, maybe someone can explain what's happening, or this is a bug (though I tend to think that this is probably just something intricate about C#). The following code throws the error "Cannot implicitly convert type 'uint?' to 'uint'.": public void Test(UInt32? p) { UInt32 x = p; } However, this code works without error: public void Test(UInt32? p) { UInt32 x = p ?? 1; } Huh? Why does this work? Why would the coalesce operator cause implicit conversion of UInt32? (nullable) to UInt32 (non-nullable), while the first error message says that there is no implicit conversion between those types?

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• Is INT the correct datatype for ABS(CHECKSUM(NEWID()))?

  - by Chad Sellers

  I'm in the process of creating unique customers ID's that is an alternative Id for external use. In the process of adding a new column "cust_uid" with datatype INT for my unique ID's, When I do an INSERT into this new column: Insert Into Customers(cust_uid) Select ABS(CHECKSUM(NEWID())) I get a error: Could not create an acceptable cursor. OLE DB provider "SQLNCLI" for linked server "SHQ2IIS1" returned message "Multiple-step OLE DB operation generated errors. Check each OLE DB status value, if available. No work was done. I've check all data types on both tables and the only things that has changed is the new column in both tables. The update is being done on one Big @$$ table...and for reasons above my pay grade, we would like to have new uid's that are different form the one's that we currently have "so users don't know how many accounts we actually have." Is INT the correct datatype for ABS(CHECKSUM(NEWID())) ?

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• Rapid Prototyping for Embedded Systems

  - by dr_pepper

  For doing prototyping on small embedded projects that require physical motion, what hardware prototyping tools are available? For my projects, I tend to spend more time finding parts (i.e. wood, aluminum, etc.) and making the proper cuts, measurements, and connections than writing the software and configuring the electrical hardware. Are there any affordable products that will enable me to create physical hardware that is strong enough to support motion? If not, what techniques or tools are available to help develop the physical hardware more quickly? Currently, I typically build my projects from wood and plastic scraps that I have lying around. What types of materials enable you to prototype more quickly? CLARIFICATION: By motion, I mean something that has to bear stress like a robot arm powered by a servo motor and could handle moving or carrying 1-2 lbs.

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