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  • Bacula Volume Retention and Automatic Recycling

    - by Kyle Brandt
    Will a bacula volume be recycled if: No more volumes are appendable The date of the last job on it is past the volume retention period Jobs on that volume are not past the job and file retention periods This is the way the manual reads to me, but I saw a post saying all retention periods have to be up before a volume is recycled (which does make less sense to me). Anyone know for sure from experience?

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  • Mail Stuck in Backend Exchange Queue

    - by Kyle Brandt
    I have a message that has and is stuck in a queue on my backend mail server. The queue is: Internet Mail SMTP Connector (MY_FRONT_END_SERVER_NAME)-524350ff... It is in state retry with 183 failures. It is only one message and all other mail is flowing. The message is not particularly large. My limited understanding, a guess really, is that this message should get handed off to the front end mail server and sent to the remote hosts for which it is destined, so it should even matter if the remote host is up. However, I can telnet to the smtp provider of that host. How can I find out why it is stuck in this queue, and can I force it out somehow (unfreeze doesn't help me)?

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  • What is the fall off of subsecond throughput on Ethernet Network Interfaces

    - by Kyle Brandt
    On a network interface, speeds are given in term of data over time, in particular, they are bits per second. However, in the uber-fast world of computing -- a second is kind of a really long time. So for example, given a linear falloff. A 1 GBit per second interface would do 500MBit per half second, 250Mbit per quarter second etc. I imagine at certain units of time, this is no longer linear. Perhaps this is set by ethernet frequencies, system clock speeds, interrupt timers etc. I am sure this varies depending on the system -- but does anyone have more information or whitepapers on this? One of the main reasons I am curious is to understand output drops on interfaces. Even if the speed per second is much lower than the interface can handle -- perhaps there are spikes that cause drops for only small numbers of milliseconds. Perhaps various coalescing would hide this effect -- or perhaps increase it on the receiving interface? Do queues make a difference here? Example: So given if this is linear down to the MS we would have 1Mbit/MS, and if Wireshark isn't distorting what I see, should I see drops when I have a spike beyond 1Mbit?

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  • Windows module installer delaying login, server 2008 R2

    - by Kyle
    We updated our servers this weekend (windows updates), everything went fine except one of our terminal servers now hangs at login with the message, "waiting for windows modules installer." It eventually times out and leaves an event log message that the service has stopped unexpectedly. I have disabled the service and users can now login in a reasonable time frame. However we will need to re-enable the service in order to install further updates. I'm not sure where to start with this one, I'm an entry level admin and my colleagues are on vacation today, thank God this isn't a serious problem. Further details: -It affects all users. -The only third party software on the server is our ERP software and screwdrivers from Tricerat. -The only event log message is that the service has stopped unexpectedly. -The server manager screen does not display any information about roles it just says, "error". -The remote desktop roles all seem to be functioning properly, Remote app works as well as standard RDP. Let me know if there is any further details I can provide, I will be checking this frequently throughout the day.

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  • 3 Headed Display Ubuntu Wallpaper

    - by Kyle Brandt
    I got 3 display working in Linux. I have set it up so I have Xinerama and 3 different X sessions. So my 3 displays are not all the same size, two are 1680x1050 and then the other which is between the two is 2560x1600. So my issue is when I chose span, even if the image is larger than all 3 resolutions combined, the center monitor has bars at the top and the bottom because span scales the image it seems. Is there a way if I bypass the gui to have an image span all three monitors but with no scaling? Urgent! Please help! ;-)

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  • Production grade caching times?

    - by Kyle
    I wanted to set up caching on all the junk my webserver serves, but I would like a good idea of what production-level services use cache wise? For some reason I can't pick my own times for things like js, css, png, jpg, etc.

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  • Malware vs Viruses

    - by Kyle Brandt
    Is there a legitimate technical difference between malware and viruses? I have looked at the Wikipedia entries but I am not really seeing the difference. Currently, I kind of feel like this is just Symantec's way of getting more money for products (features). But maybe someone involved more deeply in this area can explain this.

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  • TCP Sessions and IP Changes

    - by Kyle Brandt
    What happens to a TCP session when the IP of a client changes? I did a simple test of having netcat listen on a port, and connecting to that port from a client machine. I then changed the IP of the client while that nc session was open and sent some data, no data was received by server after changing the IP. I know they are different layers, but does TCP use IPs for part of how it distinguishes sessions? Does my example not work because of how the application handles it, or is this not working because of something happening at TCP/IP/Ethernet layers? Does this depend on the OS implementation? ( I am most interested in Linux at the moment)

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  • Start TLS and 389 Directory

    - by Kyle Flavin
    I'm trying to configure Start TLS on 389 Directory server, but I'm having all sorts of issues. I've been following this doc: https://access.redhat.com/knowledge/docs/en-US/Red_Hat_Directory_Server/9.0/html/Administration_Guide/managing-certs.html which specifies that I should create a certificate for both the directory server and admin server. I've imported the CA cert on both servers. I've tried to use the same server certificate for both. It will not allow me to do so. However, the admin and directory servers reside on the same host. If I generate a new certificate it will need to use the same hostname. I'm not sure if that's valid... Has anyone out there set this up before? Any direction would be helpful. I have multmaster replication set up. From an external client, I'm attempting to do an ldapsearch -ZZ -x -h "myhost" -b "dc=example,dc=com" -D "cn=Directory Manager" -W "", and I'm getting a protocol error.

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  • Alt+click-drag window resizing on a Mac? (Similar to X-Windows)

    - by Aaron F.
    Is there a way I can get this behavior on Mac OS? alt + right-click-drag will resize the window, relative to where you've clicked within the window and the window's center alt + left-click-drag will move the window, regardless of where you've clicked within the window. There's a Windows port of this behavior as well: http://www.codeproject.com/KB/DLL/wm.aspx

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  • Should the MAC Tables on a switch Stack be the same between sessions?

    - by Kyle Brandt
    According to Cisco's documentation: "The MAC address tables on all stack members are synchronized. At any given time, each stack member has the same copy of the address tables for each VLAN." However, when logged into the switch I see the following: ny-swstack01#show mac ad | inc Total Total Mac Addresses for this criterion: 222 ny-swstack01#ses 2 ny-swstack01-2#show mac ad | inc Total Total Mac Addresses for this criterion: 229 ny-swstack01-2#exit ny-swstack01#ses 3 ny-swstack01-3#show mac ad | inc Total Total Mac Addresses for this criterion: 229 ny-swstack01-3#exit ny-swstack01#ses 4 ny-swstack01-4#show mac ad | inc Total Total Mac Addresses for this criterion: 235 ny-swstack01-4#exit ny-swstack01#show mac ad | inc Total Total Mac Addresses for this criterion: 222 Going back and forth this isn't just because it is changing over time either, within certain sessions there are entries that I don't seen from the master session. We are currently waiting to hear back on CIsco from this, but has anyone run into this before? I stumbled upon this when looking into Unicast flooding, one of the hosts that is a destination MAC of flooding has a MAC entry that appears in session 3, but nowhere else. Also, I checked an all sessions show the same aging time.

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  • How to Monitor Network in Medium-Sized Company?

    - by Kyle Lowry
    I work at a medium sized company (100+ employees). An issue that has been cropping up is network performance, internet access in particular. We have about 70 or more computers, a mix of Mac OS X and Windows XP & 7 machines. We have several servers (Exchange server, PC file servers, MS SQL, Blackberry, FTP, Mac server, etc). There are four main switches, a SonicWall firewall, and probably a couple routers in the server room with a dozen or so more scattered around the building. The network structure has grown organically over a number of years; and, as far as I know, there really isn't a monitoring solution in place. When we experience network issues (slow connections, dropped packets, and so on), our general solution is to power cycle some hardware or go around to each employee and ask them if they are uploading/downloading any large files. This is really inefficient and time consuming, and it does not allow us to monitor the network, tackling potential problems proactively. I would like to find a solution that would allow me to monitor network usage company-wide in real time, with detail going down to the individual computer, ideally. Given the hodgepodge of equipment and operating systems, what would be the best way to set up some kind of monitoring solution? Hardware, software, restructuring our network architecture?

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  • How to find the process(es) which are hogging the machine

    - by Aaron Digulla
    Scenario: All of a sudden, my computer feels sluggish. Mouse moves but windows take ages to open, etc. uptime says the load is 7.69 and raising. What is the fastest way to find out which process(es) are the cause of the load? Now, "top" and similar tools isn't the answer because they either show CPU or memory usage but not both at the same time. What I need is the single command which I might be able to type as it happens - something that will figure out any of System is trying to swap 8GB of RAM to disk because process X ... or process X seeks all over the disk or process X uses 400% CPU" So what I'm looking for is iostat, htop/atop and similar tools run into one with an output like this: 1235 cp - Disk trashing 87 chrome - Uses 2&nbsp;GB of RAM 137 nfs_bench - Uses 95% of the network bandwidth I don't want a tool that gives me some numbers which I can analyze but a tool that tells me exactly which process causes the current load. Assume that the user in front of the keyboard barely knows how to write "process", but the user is quickly overwhelmed when it comes to "resident size", "virtual memory" or "process life cycle". My argument goes like this: A user notices a problem. There can be thousands of reasons ... well, almost :-) The user wants to know the source of the problem. The current solutions give me lots of numbers, and I need to know what these numbers mean. What I'm looking for is a meta tool. 99% of the data is irrelevant to the problem. So what the tool should do is look for processes which hog some resource and list only those along with "this process needs a lot of CPU, this produces many IRQs, this process allocates a lot of RAM (and it's still growing)". This will be a relatively short list. It will be much more simple for someone new to this to locate the culprit from this list than from the output of, say, htop which gives me about 5000 numbers but requires me to fold multi-threaded processes myself (I have 50 lines which say VIRT 2750M but only 16 GB of RAM - the machine ought to swap itself to death but of course, this is a misinterpretation of the data that can happen quickly).

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  • centos server shared files

    - by Kyle Hudson
    Hi, I am wanting to implement a multi-server specialised hosting environment. I currently have a cloud solution comprising of 3 centos boxes (2 lamp web servers, 1 mysql). What I am wanting to do is, implement a 5 server solution where they is 3 web servers, 1 mysql box and a fileshare. Basically I want the fileshare to host all the web files for the servers, the caching will remain on the individual servers and the sessions will be stored in mysql. So what I am asking is how do I map the servers to share the same "docroot"? Is it NFS? if so whats the best way about doing this? Thanks in advance.

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  • Single email Stuck in Backend Exchange Queue

    - by Kyle Brandt
    I have an outgoing message that has and is stuck in a queue on my backend mail server. The queue is: Internet Mail SMTP Connector (MY_FRONT_END_SERVER_NAME)-524350ff... It is in state retry with 183 failures. It is only one message and all other mail is flowing. The message is not particularly large. My limited understanding, a guess really, is that this message should get handed off to the front end mail server and sent to the remote hosts for which it is destined, so it should even matter if the remote host is up. However, I can telnet to the smtp provider of that host. How can I find out why it is stuck in this queue, and can I force it out somehow (unfreeze doesn't help me)?

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  • Enterprise Redirection Services?

    - by Aaron Alton
    This is probably a case of "if I new what it was called, I could google it in 5 minutes" - but I don't know what it's called. It's probably best to explain the requirement using an example. We have a number of services (vpn, owa, etc) which we host from one of our datacenters. We have a number of datacenters, and we technically have the infrastructure already in place to support these services at a number of our datacenters. To provide access to these "services", I would create an external DNS entry (ex. VPN.MyCompany.com Gateway IP for one of my DCs), and clients will connect to it via the DNS entry. Since I have multiple datacenters that can support this service, I could theoretically offer a "highly available, geographically dispersed" solution if I could point this DNS entry to some sort of third party who offers highly available "redirection" services. If my primary site goes down, I could just make a change via some management console and configure the redirector to point to a different DC. Of course, it would be fairly straightforward to set this sort of thing up on one of our servers, but that would kinda defeat the purpose of a highly available third party. Is anyone familiar with a service like this? I'm thinking something like DynDNS, but with Enterprise availability guarantees.

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  • Everything You Ever Wanted to Know about Mod_Rewrite Rules but Were Afraid to Ask?

    - by Kyle Brandt
    How can I become an expert at writing mod_rewrite rules? What is the fundamental format and structure of mod_rewrite rules? What form/flavor of regular expressions do I need to have a solid grasp of? What are the most common mistakes/pitfalls when writing rewrite rules? What is a good method for testing and verifying mod_rewrite rules? Are there SEO or performance implications of mod_rewrite rules I should be aware of? Are there common situations where mod_rewrite might seem like the right tool for the job but isn't? What are some common examples?

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  • SSD RAID 5 or 10?

    - by Kyle
    I have a few extra SSD drives (I know its rare but this has actually happened). I figured since I have almost 500 GB in SSD's I might as well replace all of my standard HDD's with them. I currently have a RAID 5 setup and enjoy the the speed and redundancy with 10k RPM drives. Should I bother to put my SSD's in RAID 5? I have not heard of anyone doing this and have no idea how it is going to work out. The loss of space doesn't really bother me since I have a 2 TB NAS with all my media on it. Does anyone have experience with putting solid state drives in a RAID 5. If RAID 5 is a bad idea has anyone had experience with a RAID 10? is it possible to stripe the SSD's and provide redundancy with standard HDD's?

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  • Is there a feature in Nagios that allows Memory between checks?

    - by Kyle Brandt
    There are various instances where there are values I want to monitor with Nagios, and I don't care as much about the value itself, but rather how it compares to the previous value. For instance, I wrote one to check the fail counters in OpenVZ. In this case, I didn't care about the value that much, but rather I cared if the value increased. Another example might be switch ports, I would be most interested to get alerted about the change of state of a port (Although perhaps a trap would be better for this one). For my OpenVZ script, I used a temp file, but I am wondering if there is a better way? Maybe Nagios has some variables that plugins (check scripts) can access that are persistent across checks?

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  • What is the go-to way of configuring PHP with Nginx

    - by Kyle
    I've heard many good things about Nginx lately, and I wanted to put it on my slicehost server. I am in a fix for ram, and would like to get Wordpress and wp-super-cache configured. I was just wondering the 'recommended way' of get PHP setup, because I see so many webpages saying their way is correct. No compiling if possible please, it makes updating a drag D=

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  • Multiple SSL certificates on one server

    - by Kyle O'Brien
    We're hosting two websites on our fairly tiny but dedicated production server. Both website require SSL authentication. So, we have virtualhosts set up for both of them. They both reference their own domain.key, domain.crt and domain.intermediate.crt files. Each CSR and certificate file for each site was setup using its own unique information and nothing is shared between them (other than the server itself) However, which ever site's symbolic link (set up in /etc/apache2/sites-enabled) is reference first, is the site who's certificate is referenced even if we're visiting the second site. So for example, assume our companies are Cadbury and Nestle. We set up both sites with their own certificates but we create Cadbury's symbolic link in apache's site-enabled folder first and then Nestle's. You can visit Nestle perfectly fine but if you check the certificate installation, it reference's Cadbury's certificate. We're hosting these websites on a dedicated Ubuntu 12.04.3 LTS server. Both certificates are provided by Thawte.com. I came across a few potential solutions with no degree of success. I'm hoping someone else has a decent solution? Thanks Edit: The only other solution that seems to have provided success to some people is using SNI with Apache. However, the setups here didn't seem to coincide with our setup at all.

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  • How do I tunnel an HTTPS proxy through a virtual machine (VMWare)

    - by Kyle
    I have a personal setup at home using VMWare Workstation. I also have a set of Virtual Private Machines that run Squid, and therefore provide me HTTPS proxy tunnels. Using Proxifier, I can tunnel all traffic for given applications through these tunnels. However, I also have a few virtual machines for dev/staging/experimentation/etc. I generally just use NAT to provide Internet access to the machines, and if I need to use these proxies, I can just setup Proxifier (or a Linux equivalent) to pipe the traffic through them. No problem. But... I got to thinking: Wouldn't it be great if I could assign these proxy tunnels to a virtual machine, so that when I start up the VM, it has instant-on access through the tunnel and not my local connection? (EDIT: Of course, it would USE my local connection, but it would tunnel traffic through the proxy.) To be more clear: I want a solution that binds the proxy to a VM, so that when I start the VM, I don't have to use a proxy client to connect to the tunnel - I am already piping all traffic from that VM through that proxy. I did a bit of searching, and the closest thing I could find was this: How to route public static IP to a virtual machine on a vmware ESXi host? Which wasn't all that applicable. The proxies are protected by user/pass but do not filter by IP. Again, they are HTTPS proxies setup through Squid. Any ideas on how to make this happen? Thanks a ton.

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  • Network location is not on the Domain

    - by Kyle Brandt
    I have a computer joined to the domain, but it doesn't view the network "location" as being part of the domain. I have tried removing and rejoining the domain and this doesn't help: Other computers in the same network don't have this problem. I have also tried several different icons, including both the train and the airplane which doesn't seem to make a difference. At least using nslookup, the server seems to have connectivity with the DCs in the same site. There also seem to be some errors that suggest a NULL domain: Computer: OR-WEB05.ds.stackexchange.com Description: NtpClient was unable to set a domain peer to use as a time source because of failure in establishing a trust relationship between this computer and the '' domain in order to securely synchronize time. NtpClient will try again in 3473457 minutes and double the reattempt interval thereafter. The error was: The trust relationship between this workstation and the primary domain failed. (0x800706FD)

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