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  • Install mod_perl2 on Apache 2.2.14 (Ubuntu10.04)

    - by MICADO
    Hi guys, I have installed via synaptic package ibapache2-mod-perl2. I tried this line in httpd.conf: "LoadModule perl_module modules/mod_perl.so" Apache tells me when I reload the server : "[warn] module perl_module is already loaded, skipping". Well ok, but when i try to look in the browser to a repertory i don't have access .Apache send me the error : Forbidden You don't have permission to access /cgi-bin/ on this server. Apache/2.2.14 (Ubuntu) Server at 192.168.0.10 Port 90 But this should show modperl is installed and that's not the case... I would like my virtual host that follows run with mod_perl2 <VirtualHost v1:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost ServerName v1 DocumentRoot /var/www/v1 <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/v1/html/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /var/www/v1/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/var/www/v1/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> I'd like to know how to configure mod_perl2. Do i have to change something in the apache configuration file to make my cgi repertory works with mod_perl2? Thanks to any help!

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  • Better way to write Apache site-configuration?

    - by user195697
    I have a question regarding the config files in /etc/apache/sites-available. For example I have a site configured in there like this: <VirtualHost *:80> DocumentRoot /usr/share/agendav/web/public ServerName agendav.mysite.tld # Logfiles: CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access_agendav.log combined ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error_agendav.log LogLevel warn <Directory /usr/share/agendav> Options Indexes DirectoryIndex index.php php_flag magic_quotes_gpc Off php_flag magic_quotes_runtime Off </Directory> </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:443> DocumentRoot /usr/share/agendav/web/public ServerName agendav.mysite.tld SSLEngine on SSLCertificateFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /etc/apache2/ssl/apache.key # Logfiles: CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access_agendav_ssl.log combined ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error_agendav_ssl.log LogLevel warn <Directory /usr/share/agendav> Options Indexes DirectoryIndex index.php php_flag magic_quotes_gpc Off php_flag magic_quotes_runtime Off </Directory> </VirtualHost> As you see the Directory directive is redundant in both http and https part of the site. Is it valid to move the Directory directive at the beginnung so it is valid for both blocks or do I have to keep it in there twice? Thanks!

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  • How to setup a virtual host in Ubuntu running on Amazon EC2 instance?

    - by Rade
    I have an app that's accessible via 1.2.3.4/myapp. The app is installed in /var/www/myapp. I've set up a subdomain(apps.mydomain.com) that points to 1.2.3.4. I want the server to point to var/www/myapp if I type apps.mydomain.com/myapp, how do I do that? I have experience creating virtual hosts(lots of them) locally but I'm lost because it's now in production and it's a little different. Here's my virtual host config: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost ServerName apps.mydomain.com/myapp DocumentRoot /var/www/myapp/public <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride All Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride All Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> Any idea why I still see the files instead of pointing me to the document root? Just in case someone might ask, the app is based on Laravel 4 framework. It's really bad right now because anyone can access the files from the browser.

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  • I overwrote a large file with a blank one on a linux server. Can I recover the existing file?

    - by user39234
    I came back to my machine, tried saving a file over ssh onto my linux server (CentOS). It failed. I wasn't interested in keeping any changes I had made so I closed my editor and reopened the file (over ssh). The save attempt wiped the file. I have made loads of changes to it since I last uploaded to revision control. Seeing as it has just wiped the file I assume the data is still there. It's just a text file (php), is there any way of recovering it?

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  • apache subdomain configuration

    - by terrid25
    I seem to be having a small problem with setting up a subdomain in apache under CentOS. I have the following: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName www.domain.co.uk ServerAlias domain.co.uk dev.domain.co.uk DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/domain/web" DirectoryIndex index.php Alias /sf /var/www/html/symfony14/web/sf <Directory "/var/www/html/domain/web"> AllowOverride All Allow from All </Directory> </VirtualHost> <Directory "/var/www/html/symfony14/web/sf"> AllowOverride All Allow from All </Directory> <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName test.domain.co.uk DocumentRoot "/var/www/html/domain_test/web" DirectoryIndex index.php Alias /sf /var/www/html/symfony14/web/sf <Directory "/var/www/html/domain_test/web"> AllowOverride All Allow from All </Directory> </VirtualHost> So going to www.domain.co.uk and domain.co.uk display the contents from /var/www/html/domain, but going to test.domain.co.uk also displays the same folder contents. Is this because of the ServerAlias ? Thanks

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  • How do you get linux to honor setuid directories?

    - by Takigama
    Some time ago while in a conversation in IRC, one user in a channel I was in suggested someone setuid a directory in order for it to inherit the userid on files to solve a problem someone else was having. At the time I spoke up and said "linux doesn't support setuid directories". After that, the person giving the advice showed me a pastebin (http://codepad.org/4In62f13) of his system honouring the setuid permission set on a directory. Just to explain, when i say "linux doesnt support setuid directories" what I mean is that you can go "chmod u+s directory" and it will set the bit on the directory. However, linux (as i understood it) ignores this bit (on directories). Try as I might, I just cant quite replicate that pastebin. Someone suggested to me once that it might be possible to emulate the behaviour with selinux - and playing around with rules, its possible to force a uid on a file, but not from a setuid directory permission (that I can see). Reading around on the internet has been fairly uninformative - most places claim "no, setuid on directories does not work with linux" with the occasional "it can be done under specific circumstances" (such as this: http://arstechnica.com/etc/linux/2003/linux.ars-12032003.html) I dont remember who the original person was, but the original system was a debian 6 system, and the filesystem it was running was xfs mounted with "default,acl". I've tried replicating that, but no luck so far (tried so far with various versions of debian, ubuntu, fedora and centos) Can anyone clue me in on what or how you get a system to honor setuid on a directory?

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  • Apache Virtualhosts with PHP and custom logs - how to isolate PHP errors?

    - by Repox
    I'm trying to setup a simple hosting enviroment for my application on an Ubuntu server. I created a virtualhost like this: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] ServerName www.example.com ServerAlias example.com DocumentRoot /home/owner/example.com/docs <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /home/owner/example.com/docs/> Options -Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /home/owner/example.com/logs/error.log # Possible values include: debug, info, notice, warn, error, crit, # alert, emerg. LogLevel warn CustomLog /home/owner/example.com/logs/access.log combined php_flag log_errors on php_value error_log /home/owner/example.com/logs/php-error.log </VirtualHost> Now, my problem is that PHP errors and warnings are thrown in the error.log - not the php-error.log as I was hoping. How can achieve this?

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  • Developer momentum on open source projects

    - by sashang
    Hi I've been struggling to develop momentum contributing to open source projects. I have in the past tried with gcc and contributed a fix to libstdc++ but it was a once off and even though I spent months in my spare time on the dev mailing list and reading through things I just never seemed to develop any momentum with the code. Eventually I unsubscribed and got my free time back and uncluttered my mailbox. Like a lot of people I have some little open source defunct projects lying around on the net, but they're not large and I'm the only contributor. At the moment I'm more interested in contributing to a large open source project and want to know how people got started because I find it difficult while working full time to develop any momentum with the code base. Other more regular contributors, who are on the project full-time, are able to make changes at will and as result enter that positive feedback cycle where they understand the code and also know where it's heading. It makes the barrier to entry higher for those that come along later. My questions are to people who actively contribute to large opensource projects, like the Linux kernel, or gcc or clang/llvm or anything else with say a developer head count of more than 10. How did you get started? Was there a large chunk of time in your life that you just could dedicate to working on the project? I know in Linus's case he had a chunk of time (6 months) to get it started. What barriers to entry did you encounter? Can you describe the initial stages of the time spent with the project, from when you had little understanding of the code to when you understood enough to commit regularly. Thanks

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  • Developing momentum on open source projects

    - by sashang
    Hi I've been struggling to develop momentum contributing to open source projects. I have in the past tried with gcc and contributed a fix to libstdc++ but it was a once off and even though I spent months in my spare time on the dev mailing list and reading through things I just never seemed to develop any momentum with the code. Eventually I unsubscribed and got my free time back and uncluttered my mailbox. Like a lot of people I have some little open source defunct projects lying around on the net, but they're not large and I'm the only contributor. At the moment I'm more interested in contributing to a large open source project and want to know how people got started because I find it difficult while working full time to develop any momentum with the code base. Other more regular contributors, who are on the project full-time, are able to make changes at will and as result enter that positive feedback cycle where they understand the code and also know where it's heading. It makes the barrier to entry higher for those that come along later. My questions are to people who actively contribute to large opensource projects, like the Linux kernel, or gcc or clang/llvm or anything else with say a developer head count of more than 10. How did you get started? Was there a large chunk of time in your life that you just could dedicate to working on the project? I know in Linus's case he had a chunk of time (6 months) to get it started. What barriers to entry did you encounter? Can you describe the initial stages of the time spent with the project, from when you had little understanding of the code to when you understood enough to commit regularly. Thanks

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  • Companies and Ships

    - by TechnicalWriting
    I have worked for small, medium, large, and extra large companies and they have something in common with ships. These metaphors have been used before, I know, but I will have a go at them.The small company is like a speed boat, exciting and fast, and can turn on a dime, literally. Captain and crew share a lot of the work. A speed boat has a short range and needs to refuel a lot. It has difficulty getting through bad weather. (Small companies often live quarter to quarter. By the way, if a larger company is living quarter to quarter, it is taking on water.)The medium company is is like a battleship. It can maneuver, has a longer range, and the crew is focused on its mission. Its main concern are the other battleships trying to blow it out of the water, but it can respond quickly. Bad weather can jostle it, but it can get through most storms.The large company is like an aircraft carrier; a floating city. It is well-provisioned and can carry a specialized load for a very long range. Because of its size and complexity, it has to be well-organized to be effective and most of its functions are specialized (with little to no functional cross-over). There are many divisions and layers between Captain and crew. It is not very maneuverable; it has to set its course well in advance and have a plan of action.The extra large company is like a cruise liner. It also has to be well-organized and changes in direction are often slow. Some of the people are hard at work behind the scenes to run the ship; others can be along for the ride. They sail the same routes over and over again (often happily) with the occasional cosmetic face-lift to the ship and entertainment. It should stay in warm, friendly waters and avoid risky speed through fields of ice bergs.I have enjoyed my career on the various Ships of Technical Writing, but I get the most of my juice from the battleship where I am closer to the campaign and my contributions have the greater impact on success.Mark Metcalfewww.linkedin.com/in/MarkMetcalfe

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  • Developing my momentum on open source projects

    - by sashang
    Hi I've been struggling to develop momentum contributing to open source projects. I have in the past tried with gcc and contributed a fix to libstdc++ but it was a once off and even though I spent months in my spare time on the dev mailing list and reading through things I just never seemed to develop any momentum with the code. Eventually I unsubscribed and got my free time back and uncluttered my mailbox. Like a lot of people I have some little open source defunct projects lying around on the net, but they're not large and I'm the only contributor. At the moment I'm more interested in contributing to a large open source project and want to know how people got started because I find it difficult while working full time to develop any momentum with the code base. Other more regular contributors, who are on the project full-time, are able to make changes at will and as result enter that positive feedback cycle where they understand the code and also know where it's heading. It makes the barrier to entry higher for those that come along later. My questions are to people who actively contribute to large opensource projects, like the Linux kernel, or gcc or clang/llvm or anything else with say a developer head count of more than 10. How did you get started? Was there a large chunk of time in your life that you just could dedicate to working on the project? I know in Linus's case he had a chunk of time (6 months) to get it started. What barriers to entry did you encounter? Can you describe the initial stages of the time spent with the project, from when you had little understanding of the code to when you understood enough to commit regularly. Thanks

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  • PHP 5.3.8 startup warning

    - by David
    How do I solve my PHP startup warning: PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/extensions /no-debug-non-zts-20090626/imap.so' - /usr/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626 /imap.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory in Unknown on line 0 PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/extensions /no-debug-non-zts-20090626/mcrypt.so' - /usr/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts- 20090626/mcrypt.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory in Unknown on line 0 PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/extensions /no-debug-non-zts-20090626/memcache.so' - /usr/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts- 20090626/memcache.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory in Unknown on line 0 PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/extensions /no-debug-non-zts-20090626/mysql.so' - /usr/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts- 20090626/mysql.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory in Unknown on line 0 PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib /php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626/mysqli.so' - /usr/lib/php/extensions /no-debug-non-zts-20090626/mysqli.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory in Unknown on line 0 PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/extensions /no-debug-non-zts-20090626/pdo.so' - /usr/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20090626 /pdo.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory in Unknown on line 0 PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/extensions /no-debug-non-zts-20090626/pdo_mysql.so' - /usr/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts- 20090626/pdo_mysql.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory in Unknown on line 0 PHP Warning: PHP Startup: Unable to load dynamic library '/usr/lib/php/extensions /no-debug-non-zts-20090626/suhosin.so' - /usr/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts- 20090626/suhosin.so: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory in Unknown on line 0 I've many configuration files in my config folder, I don't know where they come from: PHP Deprecated: Comments starting with '#' are deprecated in /etc/php5/conf.d/gd.ini on line 1 in Unknown on line 0 PHP Deprecated: Comments starting with '#' are deprecated in /etc/php5/conf.d/gd.ini on line 2 in Unknown on line 0 PHP Deprecated: Comments starting with '#' are deprecated in /etc/php5/conf.d/imap.ini on line 1 in Unknown on line 0 PHP Deprecated: Comments starting with '#' are deprecated in /etc/php5/conf.d/mcrypt.ini on line 1 in Unknown on line 0 PHP Deprecated: Comments starting with '#' are deprecated in /etc/php5/conf.d /memcache.ini on line 1 in Unknown on line 0 PHP Deprecated: Comments starting with '#' are deprecated in /etc/php5/conf.d /mysql.ini on line 1 in Unknown on line 0 PHP Deprecated: Comments starting with '#' are deprecated in /etc/php5/conf.d /mysqli.ini on line 1 in Unknown on line 0 PHP Deprecated: Comments starting with '#' are deprecated in /etc/php5/conf.d/pdo.ini on line 1 in Unknown on line 0 PHP Deprecated: Comments starting with '#' are deprecated in /etc/php5/conf.d /pdo_mysql.ini on line 1 in Unknown on line 0 PHP Deprecated: Comments starting with '#' are deprecated in /etc/php5/conf.d/xcache.ini on line 1 in Unknown on line 0 PHP Deprecated: Comments starting with '#' are deprecated in /etc/php5/conf.d/xcache.ini on line 9 in Unknown on line 0 Because of the warning I think I don't need them?

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  • How can I use fossil (DVCS) in a home environment?

    - by Mosh
    I'm trying fossil as my new VCS, since I'm a lone developer working on small projects. I started testing fossil but I encountered a (probably major newbie) problem. How does one push or pull to another directory (which is easy on Hg). Fossil pull or push commands expect a URL and not a directory. When I start a server in one directory and try to push from another directory I get the "server loop" error message. Any ideas?

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  • ErrorException [ Fatal Error ]: Class 'Controller' not found - Kohana 3.0.3 Error

    - by Asif
    Hi, I am (newbie) using Kohana V 3.0.3 and my directory structure is: pojectsys (kohana's system directory) parallel to htdocs directory C:\xampp\pojectsys and my application directory is in htdocs C:\xampp\htdocs\examples Inside C:\xampp\htdocs\examples\index.php, following variables have been set: $application = 'C:\xampp\htdocs\examples\application'; $system = 'C:\xampp\pojectsys'; Now when I am trying to execute http://lc.examples.com/ then Kohana returns error: ErrorException [ Fatal Error ]: Class 'Controller' not found for line 3 class Controller_Welcome extends Controller { Please help me to resolve this issue.

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  • cmake source and out-of-source navigation

    - by idimba
    Hi, cmake advises to use out-of-source builds. While in general I like the idea I find it not comfortable to navigate from out-of-source sub directory to the corresponding source directory. I frequently need the code to perform some actions with code (e.g. grep, svn command etc.). Is there an easy way in shell to navigate from out-of-source sub directory to the corresponding source directory? Thanks Dima

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  • How to mkdir only if a dir does not already exist?

    - by Spike Williams
    I am writing a script to run under the korn shell on AIX. I'd like to use the mkdir command to create a directory. But the directory may already exist, in which case I don't want to do anything. So I want to either test to see that the directory doesn't exist, or suppress the "File exists" error that mkdir throws when it tries to create an existing directory. Any thoughts on how best to do this?

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  • How do you override ProgramFilesFolder in an msi?

    - by Mark
    I have an msi file that I am trying to install in a place other than C:\Program Files. The directory table shows that ProgramFilesFolder is used as the default install directory. From reading this blog post I understand that ProgramFilesFolder is a standard directory so passing TARGETDIR as a property to the installer will not change the install location even through the directory table has it as the parent of ProgramFilesFolder. How can I override the install location? I am a total novice in this area.

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  • postfix with mailman

    - by Thufir
    What should happen is that [email protected] should be delivered to that users inbox on localhost, user@localhost. Thunderbird works fine at reading user@localhost. I'm just using a small portion of postfix-dovecot with Ubuntu mailman. How can I get postfix to recognize the FQDN and deliver them to a localhost inbox? root@dur:~# root@dur:~# tail /var/log/mail.err;tail /var/log/mailman/subscribe;postconf -n Aug 27 18:59:16 dur dovecot: lda(root): Error: chdir(/root) failed: Permission denied Aug 27 18:59:16 dur dovecot: lda(root): Error: user root: Initialization failed: Initializing mail storage from mail_location setting failed: stat(/root/Maildir) failed: Permission denied (euid=65534(nobody) egid=65534(nogroup) missing +x perm: /root, dir owned by 0:0 mode=0700) Aug 27 18:59:16 dur dovecot: lda(root): Fatal: Invalid user settings. Refer to server log for more information. Aug 27 20:09:16 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[15896]: error: open database /etc/postfix/transport.db: No such file or directory Aug 27 21:19:17 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[16569]: error: open database /etc/postfix/transport.db: No such file or directory Aug 27 22:27:00 dur postfix[17042]: fatal: usage: postfix [-c config_dir] [-Dv] command Aug 27 22:29:19 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[17062]: error: open database /etc/postfix/transport.db: No such file or directory Aug 27 22:59:07 dur postfix/postfix-script[17459]: error: unknown command: 'restart' Aug 27 22:59:07 dur postfix/postfix-script[17460]: fatal: usage: postfix start (or stop, reload, abort, flush, check, status, set-permissions, upgrade-configuration) Aug 27 23:39:17 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[17794]: error: open database /etc/postfix/transport.db: No such file or directory Aug 27 21:39:03 2012 (16734) cola: pending "[email protected]" <[email protected]> 127.0.0.1 Aug 27 21:40:37 2012 (16749) cola: pending "[email protected]" <[email protected]> 127.0.0.1 Aug 27 22:45:31 2012 (17288) gmane.mail.mailman.user.1: pending [email protected] 127.0.0.1 Aug 27 22:45:46 2012 (17293) gmane.mail.mailman.user.1: pending [email protected] 127.0.0.1 Aug 27 23:02:01 2012 (17588) test3: pending [email protected] 127.0.0.1 Aug 27 23:05:41 2012 (17652) test4: pending [email protected] 127.0.0.1 Aug 27 23:56:20 2012 (17985) test5: pending [email protected] 127.0.0.1 alias_database = hash:/etc/aliases alias_maps = hash:/etc/aliases, hash:/var/lib/mailman/data/aliases append_dot_mydomain = no biff = no broken_sasl_auth_clients = yes config_directory = /etc/postfix default_transport = smtp home_mailbox = Maildir/ inet_interfaces = loopback-only mailbox_command = /usr/lib/dovecot/deliver -c /etc/dovecot/conf.d/01-mail-stack-delivery.conf -m "${EXTENSION}" mailbox_size_limit = 0 mailman_destination_recipient_limit = 1 mydestination = dur, dur.bounceme.net, localhost.bounceme.net, localhost myhostname = dur.bounceme.net mynetworks = 127.0.0.0/8 [::ffff:127.0.0.0]/104 [::1]/128 readme_directory = no recipient_delimiter = + relay_domains = lists.dur.bounceme.net relay_transport = relay relayhost = smtp_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtp_scache smtp_use_tls = yes smtpd_banner = $myhostname ESMTP $mail_name (Ubuntu) smtpd_recipient_restrictions = reject_unknown_sender_domain, reject_unknown_recipient_domain, reject_unauth_pipelining, permit_mynetworks, permit_sasl_authenticated, reject_unauth_destination smtpd_sasl_auth_enable = yes smtpd_sasl_authenticated_header = yes smtpd_sasl_local_domain = $myhostname smtpd_sasl_path = private/dovecot-auth smtpd_sasl_security_options = noanonymous smtpd_sasl_type = dovecot smtpd_tls_auth_only = yes smtpd_tls_cert_file = /etc/ssl/certs/ssl-mail.pem smtpd_tls_key_file = /etc/ssl/private/ssl-mail.key smtpd_tls_mandatory_ciphers = medium smtpd_tls_mandatory_protocols = SSLv3, TLSv1 smtpd_tls_received_header = yes smtpd_tls_session_cache_database = btree:${data_directory}/smtpd_scache smtpd_use_tls = yes tls_random_source = dev:/dev/urandom transport_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/transport root@dur:~# there's definitely a transport problem: root@dur:~# root@dur:~# root@dur:~# grep transport /var/log/mail.log | tail Aug 27 22:29:19 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[17062]: warning: hash:/etc/postfix/transport lookup error for "[email protected]" Aug 27 22:29:19 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[17062]: warning: transport_maps lookup failure Aug 27 23:39:17 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[17794]: error: open database /etc/postfix/transport.db: No such file or directory Aug 27 23:39:17 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[17794]: warning: hash:/etc/postfix/transport is unavailable. open database /etc/postfix/transport.db: No such file or directory Aug 27 23:39:17 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[17794]: warning: hash:/etc/postfix/transport lookup error for "*" Aug 27 23:39:17 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[17794]: warning: hash:/etc/postfix/transport is unavailable. open database /etc/postfix/transport.db: No such file or directory Aug 27 23:39:17 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[17794]: warning: hash:/etc/postfix/transport lookup error for "*" Aug 27 23:39:17 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[17794]: warning: hash:/etc/postfix/transport is unavailable. open database /etc/postfix/transport.db: No such file or directory Aug 27 23:39:17 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[17794]: warning: hash:/etc/postfix/transport lookup error for "[email protected]" Aug 27 23:39:17 dur postfix/trivial-rewrite[17794]: warning: transport_maps lookup failure root@dur:~# trying to add the transport file: EDIT root@dur:~# root@dur:~# touch /etc/postfix/transport root@dur:~# ll /etc/postfix/transport -rw-r--r-- 1 root root 0 Aug 28 00:16 /etc/postfix/transport root@dur:~# root@dur:~# cd /etc/postfix/ root@dur:/etc/postfix# root@dur:/etc/postfix# postmap transport root@dur:/etc/postfix# root@dur:/etc/postfix# cat transport

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  • Is Apache 2.2.22 able to sustain 1.000 simultaneous connected clients?

    - by Fnux
    For an article in a news paper, I'm benchmarking 5 different web servers (Apache2, Cherokee, Lighttpd, Monkey and Nginx). The tests made consist of measuring the execution times as well as different parameters such as the number of request served per second, the amount of RAM, the CPU used, during a growing load of simultaneous clients (from 1 to 1.000 with a step of 10) each client sending 1.000.000 requets of a small fixed file, then of a medium fixed file, then a small dynamic content (hello.php) and finally a complex dynamic content (the computation of the reimbursment of a loan). All the web servers are able to sustain such a load (up to 1.000 clients) but Apache2 which always stops to respond when the test reach 450 to 500 simultaneous clients. My configuration is : CPU: AMD FX 8150 8 cores @ 4.2 GHz RAM: 32 Gb. SSD: 2 x Crucial 240 Gb SATA6 OS: Ubuntu 12.04.3 64 bit WS: Apache 2.2.22 My Apache2 configuration is as follows: /etc/apache2/apache2.conf LockFile ${APACHE_LOCK_DIR}/accept.lock PidFile ${APACHE_PID_FILE} Timeout 30 KeepAlive On MaxKeepAliveRequests 1000000 KeepAliveTimeout 2 ServerName "fnux.net" <IfModule mpm_prefork_module> StartServers 16 MinSpareServers 16 MaxSpareServers 16 ServerLimit 2048 MaxClients 1024 MaxRequestsPerChild 0 </IfModule> User ${APACHE_RUN_USER} Group ${APACHE_RUN_GROUP} AccessFileName .htaccess <Files ~ "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy all </Files> DefaultType None HostnameLookups Off ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log LogLevel emerg Include mods-enabled/*.load Include mods-enabled/*.conf Include httpd.conf Include ports.conf LogFormat "%v:%p %h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" vhost_combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %O" common LogFormat "%{Referer}i -> %U" referer LogFormat "%{User-agent}i" agent Include conf.d/ Include sites-enabled/ /etc/apache2/ports.conf NameVirtualHost *:8180 Listen 8180 <IfModule mod_ssl.c> Listen 443 </IfModule> <IfModule mod_gnutls.c> Listen 443 </IfModule> /etc/apache2/mods-available <IfModule mod_fastcgi.c> AddHandler php5-fcgi .php Action php5-fcgi /cgi-bin/php5.external <Location "/cgi-bin/php5.external"> Order Deny,Allow Deny from All Allow from env=REDIRECT_STATUS </Location> </IfModule> /etc/apache2/sites-available/default <VirtualHost *:8180> ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/apache2 <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/error.log LogLevel emerg ##### CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> <IfModule mod_fastcgi.c> AddHandler php5-fcgi .php Action php5-fcgi /php5-fcgi Alias /php5-fcgi /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi FastCgiExternalServer /usr/lib/cgi-bin/php5-fcgi -host 127.0.0.1:9000 -pass-header Authorization </IfModule> </VirtualHost> /etc/security/limits.conf * soft nofile 1000000 * hard nofile 1000000 So, I would trully appreciate your advice to setup Apache2 to make it able to sustain 1.000 simultaneous clients, if this is even possible. TIA for your help. Cheers.

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  • apache2 namevirtualhost resolving wrong site

    - by joe
    Running apache 2.2.6. I'm setting up a development environment. dev and production will be hosted on the same machine, same IP address. DNS entries like prod.domain.com and dev.domain.com point to the same IP. * Imprortant: it is required that dev and prod are otherwise completely separate. Each will run it's own apache instance. Each will use it's own apache configuration. Each, prod and dev, will host http and https. I have this set up and working, but not as restrictive as I'd like. For instance, the production config: NameVirtualHost *:80 NameVirtualHost *:443 <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName prod.domain.com # ... etc </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:443 > ServerName prod.domain.com # ... etc </VirtualHost> The dev site is set up similarly, using ports 8080 and 4443. Each site works fine. But assuming both apaches are running, one can also hit "cross-site" by mistake. So, inadvertently hitting prod.domain.com:8080 successfully returns a page from the dev site. It would be much better if this failed completely. This is a bit more difficult to solve (for me) because of the need for two apache configs. If all in one, the single process would have full knowledge of everything. So, I tried to solve this with brute force, including virtual hosts for the "other" site, with something that would fail, like no access to documentroot. But apache then inexplicably finds the "wrong" virtual host. Here's the full config for production, with the dummy dev configs. NameVirtualHost *:80 NameVirtualHost *:443 # ---------------------------------------------- # DUMMY HOSTS <VirtualHost *:8080 > ServerName dev.domain.com:8080 DocumentRoot /tmp/ <Directory /tmp/ > Order deny,allow Deny from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:4443 > ServerName dev.domain.com:4443 DocumentRoot /tmp/ <Directory /tmp/ > Order deny,allow Deny from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> # ---------------------------------------------- # REAL PRODUCTION HOSTS <VirtualHost *:80 > ServerName prod.domain.com:80 DocumentRoot /something/valid/ <Directory /something/valid/> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> <VirtualHost *:443 > ServerName prod.domain.com:443 DocumentRoot /something/valid/ <Directory /something/valid/> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> # .... other valid ssl setup </VirtualHost> Here's the strange thing. With this configuration, a prod.domain.com:80 hit succeeds. But a prod.domain.com:443 hit fails, because it finds the dev.domain.com:4443 instead. I've also tried removing the port from the ServerName, but it still doesn't work. Sorry for the long question. Hopefully this is enough information. Thanks in advance for any help.

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  • How should I config Apache2.2?

    - by user1607641
    I tried to configure Apache 2.2.17 with PHP5.4 using this manual. But when I restarted my PC and went to http://localhost/phpinfo.php, I received this message: Not Found. The requested URL /phpinfo.php was not found on this server. Here is my httpd.conf - (full version with comments) and a copy with the comments stripped for brevity: ServerRoot "C:/Program Files/Apache2.2" #Listen 12.34.56.78:80 Listen 80 LoadModule actions_module modules/mod_actions.so LoadModule alias_module modules/mod_alias.so LoadModule asis_module modules/mod_asis.so LoadModule auth_basic_module modules/mod_auth_basic.so LoadModule authn_default_module modules/mod_authn_default.so LoadModule authn_file_module modules/mod_authn_file.so LoadModule authz_default_module modules/mod_authz_default.so LoadModule authz_groupfile_module modules/mod_authz_groupfile.so LoadModule authz_host_module modules/mod_authz_host.so LoadModule authz_user_module modules/mod_authz_user.so LoadModule autoindex_module modules/mod_autoindex.so LoadModule cgi_module modules/mod_cgi.so LoadModule dir_module modules/mod_dir.so LoadModule env_module modules/mod_env.so LoadModule include_module modules/mod_include.so LoadModule isapi_module modules/mod_isapi.so LoadModule log_config_module modules/mod_log_config.so LoadModule mime_module modules/mod_mime.so LoadModule negotiation_module modules/mod_negotiation.so LoadModule rewrite_module modules/mod_rewrite.so LoadModule setenvif_module modules/mod_setenvif.so LoadModule php5_module "C:/Languages/PHP/php5apache2_4.dll" # PHP AddHandler application/x-httpd-php .php PHPIniDir "C:/Languages/PHP" <IfModule !mpm_netware_module> <IfModule !mpm_winnt_module> User daemon Group daemon </IfModule> </IfModule> ServerAdmin [email protected] #ServerName localhost:80 DocumentRoot "C:/Sites" <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all </Directory> <Directory "C:/Sites"> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks AllowOverride All Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> <IfModule dir_module> DirectoryIndex index.php index.html </IfModule> <FilesMatch "^\.ht"> Order allow,deny Deny from all Satisfy All </FilesMatch> ErrorLog "logs/error.log" LogLevel warn <IfModule log_config_module> LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\"" combined LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b" common <IfModule logio_module> # You need to enable mod_logio.c to use %I and %O LogFormat "%h %l %u %t \"%r\" %>s %b \"%{Referer}i\" \"%{User-Agent}i\" %I %O" combinedio </IfModule> CustomLog "logs/access.log" common </IfModule> <IfModule alias_module> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ "C:/Program Files/Apache2.2/cgi-bin/" </IfModule> <IfModule cgid_module> #Scriptsock logs/cgisock </IfModule> <Directory "C:/Program Files/Apache2.2/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options None Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> DefaultType text/plain <IfModule mime_module> TypesConfig conf/mime.types #AddType application/x-gzip .tgz #AddEncoding x-compress .Z #AddEncoding x-gzip .gz .tgz AddType application/x-compress .Z AddType application/x-gzip .gz .tgz #AddHandler cgi-script .cgi #AddHandler type-map var #AddType text/html .shtml #AddOutputFilter INCLUDES .shtml </IfModule> #MIMEMagicFile conf/magic # Some examples: #ErrorDocument 500 "The server made a boo boo." #ErrorDocument 404 /missing.html #ErrorDocument 404 "/cgi-bin/missing_handler.pl" #ErrorDocument 402 http://localhost/subscription_info.html #MaxRanges unlimited #EnableMMAP off #EnableSendfile off # Server-pool management (MPM specific) #Include conf/extra/httpd-mpm.conf # Multi-language error messages #Include conf/extra/httpd-multilang-errordoc.conf # Fancy directory listings #Include conf/extra/httpd-autoindex.conf # Language settings #Include conf/extra/httpd-languages.conf # User home directories #Include conf/extra/httpd-userdir.conf # Real-time info on requests and configuration #Include conf/extra/httpd-info.conf # Virtual hosts Include conf/extra/httpd-vhosts.conf # Local access to the Apache HTTP Server Manual #Include conf/extra/httpd-manual.conf # Distributed authoring and versioning (WebDAV) #Include conf/extra/httpd-dav.conf # Various default settings #Include conf/extra/httpd-default.conf <IfModule ssl_module> SSLRandomSeed startup builtin SSLRandomSeed connect builtin </IfModule> Directory with sites is C:/Sites and PHP is located at C:/Languages/PHP.

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  • compile lastest bnx2 driver on debian squeeze

    - by markus
    I want to upgrade the bnx2 network card driver in a Dell Power Edge R410. I downloaded the latest driver version from the broadcom website. If I want to compile the driver it fails with the following errors: make make -C bnx2/src KVER=2.6.32-5-amd64 PREFIX= make[1]: Entering directory `/tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2-2.0.23b/src' make -C /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-amd64/build SUBDIRS=/tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2-2.0.23b/src modules make[2]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-amd64' Building modules, stage 2. MODPOST 2 modules make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-amd64' make[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2-2.0.23b/src' make -C bnx2x/src KVER=2.6.32-5-amd64 PREFIX= make[1]: Entering directory `/tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src' make -C /lib/modules/2.6.32-5-amd64/build M=`pwd` modules make[2]: Entering directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-amd64' CC [M] /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_main.o In file included from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x.h:68, from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_main.c:80: /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_compat.h:1009:1: error: "PCI_VPD_LRDT_ID_STRING" redefined In file included from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_main.c:34: /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-common/include/linux/pci.h:1327:1: error: this is the location of the previous definition In file included from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x.h:68, from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_main.c:80: /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_compat.h:1011:1: error: "PCI_VPD_LRDT_RO_DATA" redefined In file included from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_main.c:34: /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-common/include/linux/pci.h:1328:1: error: this is the location of the previous definition In file included from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x.h:68, from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_main.c:80: /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_compat.h:1013:1: error: "PCI_VPD_LRDT_RW_DATA" redefined In file included from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_main.c:34: /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-common/include/linux/pci.h:1329:1: error: this is the location of the previous definition In file included from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x.h:68, from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_main.c:80: /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_compat.h:1019:1: error: "PCI_VPD_SRDT_END" redefined In file included from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_main.c:34: /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-common/include/linux/pci.h:1334:1: error: this is the location of the previous definition In file included from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x.h:68, from /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_main.c:80: /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_compat.h:1032: error: conflicting types for ‘pci_vpd_lrdt_size’ /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-common/include/linux/pci.h:1355: error: previous definition of ‘pci_vpd_lrdt_size’ was here /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_compat.h:1037: error: conflicting types for ‘pci_vpd_srdt_size’ /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-common/include/linux/pci.h:1366: error: previous definition of ‘pci_vpd_srdt_size’ was here /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_compat.h:1042: error: conflicting types for ‘pci_vpd_find_tag’ /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-common/include/linux/pci.h:1391: error: previous declaration of ‘pci_vpd_find_tag’ was here /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_compat.h:1077: error: conflicting types for ‘pci_vpd_info_field_size’ /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-common/include/linux/pci.h:1377: error: previous definition of ‘pci_vpd_info_field_size’ was here /tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_compat.h:1082: error: conflicting types for ‘pci_vpd_find_info_keyword’ /usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-common/include/linux/pci.h:1403: error: previous declaration of ‘pci_vpd_find_info_keyword’ was here make[5]: *** [/tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src/bnx2x_main.o] Fehler 1 make[4]: *** [_module_/tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src] Fehler 2 make[3]: *** [sub-make] Fehler 2 make[2]: *** [all] Fehler 2 make[2]: Leaving directory `/usr/src/linux-headers-2.6.32-5-amd64' make[1]: *** [bnx2x.o] Fehler 2 make[1]: Leaving directory `/tmp/netxtreme2-6.2.23/bnx2x-1.62.15/src' make: *** [l2build] Fehler 2

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  • Apache access.log interpretation

    - by Pantelis Sopasakis
    In the log file of apache (access.log) I find log entries like the following: 10.20.30.40 - - [18/Mar/2011:02:12:44 +0200] "GET /index.php HTTP/1.1" 404 505 "-" "Opera/9.80 (Windows NT 6.1; U; en) Presto/2.7.62 Version/11.01" Whose meaning is clear: The client with IP 10.20.30.40 applied a GET HTTP method on /index.php (that is to say http://mysite.org/index.php) receiving a status code 404 using Opera as client/browser. What I don't understand is entries like the following: 174.34.231.19 - - [18/Mar/2011:02:24:56 +0200] "GET http://www.siasatema.com HTTP/1.1" 200 469 "-" "Python-urllib/2.4" So here what I see is that someone (client with IP 174.34.231.19) accessed http://www.siasatema.com and got a 200 HTTP status code(?). It doesn't make sense to me... the only interpretation I can think of is that my apache server acts like proxy! Here are some other requests that don't have my site as destination... 187.35.50.61 - - [18/Mar/2011:01:28:20 +0200] "POST http://72.26.198.222:80/log/normal/ HTTP/1.0" 404 491 "-" "Octoshape-sua/1010120" 87.117.203.177 - - [18/Mar/2011:01:29:59 +0200] "CONNECT 64.12.244.203:80 HTTP/1.0" 405 556 "-" "-" 87.117.203.177 - - [18/Mar/2011:01:29:59 +0200] "open 64.12.244.203 80" 400 506 "-" "-" 87.117.203.177 - - [18/Mar/2011:01:30:04 +0200] "telnet 64.12.244.203 80" 400 506 "-" "-" 87.117.203.177 - - [18/Mar/2011:01:30:09 +0200] "64.12.244.203 80" 400 301 "-" "-" I believe that all these are related to some kind of attack or abuse of the server. Could someone explain to may what is going on and how to cope with this situation? Update 1: I disabled mod_proxy to make sure that I don't have an open proxy: # a2dismod proxy Where from I got the message: Module proxy already disabled I made sure that there is no file proxy.conf under $APACHE/mods-enabled. Finally, I set on my browser (Mozzila) my IP as a proxy and tried to access http://google.com. I was not redirected to google.com but instead my web page appeared. The same happened with trying to access http://a.b (!). So my server does not really work as a proxy since it does not forward the requests... But I think it would be better if somehow I could configure it to return a status code 403. Here is my apache configuration file: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerName mysite.org ServerAdmin webmaster@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www/ <Directory /> Options FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None </Directory> <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Order allow,deny allow from all </Directory> ScriptAlias /cgi-bin/ /usr/lib/cgi-bin/ <Directory "/usr/lib/cgi-bin"> AllowOverride None Options +ExecCGI -MultiViews +SymLinksIfOwnerMatch Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> ErrorLog /var/log/apache2/error.log LogLevel warn CustomLog /var/log/apache2/access.log combined Alias /doc/ "/usr/share/doc/" <Directory "/usr/share/doc/"> Options Indexes MultiViews FollowSymLinks AllowOverride None Order deny,allow Deny from all Allow from 127.0.0.0/255.0.0.0 ::1/128 </Directory> </VirtualHost> Update 2: Using a block, I restrict the use of other methods than GET and POST... <Limit POST PUT CONNECT HEAD OPTIONS DELETE PATCH PROPFIND PROPPATCH MKCOL COPY MOVE LOCK UNLOCK> Order deny,allow Deny from all </Limit> <LimitExcept GET> Order deny,allow Deny from all </LimitExcept> Now methods other that GET are forbidden (403). My only question now is whether there is some trick to boot those how try to use my server as a proxy out...

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  • XenServer Converting HVM to Paravirtualised

    - by Karl Kloppenborg
    Recently I have been tasked with the daunting process of converting a setup of HVM enabled VMs (running on Citrix XenServer 5.6.0) into PV (paravirtualised) containers. The constraints of the project was that: The operating system must be functionally identical after the migration. minimal modification to the operating system (with exception of kernel / drive mapping) I also was allowed to change the bootloader(ie, grub) in what ever way I see fit. However, I have attempted this, I will firstly like to show you my steps I took. This at the moment is CentOS5.5 specific: Steps: yum install kernel-xen This installed: 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen edited: /boot/grub/menu.lst changed my specs to match: title CentOS (2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen) root (hd0,0) kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen ro root=/dev/VolGroup00/LogVol00 console=xvc0 initrd /initrd-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen.img Then I changed my xenserver parameters to match: xe vm-param-set uuid=[vm uuid] PV-bootloader-args="--kernel /vmlinuz-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen --ramdisk /initrd-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen.img" xe vm-param-set uuid=[vm uuid] HVM-boot-policy="" xe vm-param-set uuid=[vm uuid] PV-bootloader=pygrub xe vbd-param-set uuid==[Virtual Block Device/VBD uuid] bootable=true Some things to note, I am running a VolGroup LVM ;) Anyways, after all these steps (which aren't much!) I boot the VM and it boots initial kernel just fine, however I am presented with this error: Boot Screen: device-mapper: dm-raid45: initialized v0.2594l Waiting for driver initialization. Scanning and configuring dmraid supported devices Scanning logical volumes Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... Activating logical volumes Volume group "VolGroup00" not found Creating root device. Mounting root filesystem. mount: could not find filesystem '/dev/root' Setting up other filesystems. Setting up new root fs setuproot: moving /dev failed: No such file or directory no fstab.sys, mounting internal defaults setuproot: error mounting /proc: No such file or directory setuproot: error mounting /sys: No such file or directory Switching to new root and running init. unmounting old /dev unmounting old /proc unmounting old /sys switchroot: mount failed: No such file or directory Now my hints are that it cannot detect / because of the fact that when you change from HVM mode to PV it does something (not that obvious) When you make a SR (storage) on a HVM, you get it mounted to the guest os as /dev/hda. However in PV mode, this presents itself as /dev/xvda... Could this be the answer? and if so, how the heck to I implement it?? Update: So I have gotten a bit further in my quest, as it now detects the LVM's... To do this, I required to recompile the xen-kernel initrd image. Command: mkinitrd -v --builtin=xen_vbd --preload=xenblk initrd-2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen.img 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen Now when I boot I get this: Boot Screen: Loading dm-raid45.ko module device-mapper: dm-raid45: initialized v0.2594l Scanning and configuring dmraid supported devices Scanning logical volumes Reading all physical volumes. This may take a while... Found volume group "VolGroup00" using metadata type lvm2 Activating logical volumes 3 logical volume(s) in volume group "VolGroup00" now active Creating root device. Mounting root filesystem. mount: error mounting /dev/root on /sysroot as ext3: Device or resource busy Setting up other filesystems. Setting up new root fs setuproot: moving /dev failed: No such file or directory no fstab.sys, mounting internal defaults setuproot: error mounting /proc: No such file or directory setuproot: error mounting /sys: No such file or directory Switching to new root and running init. unmounting old /dev unmounting old /proc unmounting old /sys switchroot: mount failed: No such file or directory Kernel panic - not syncing: Attempted to kill init!

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