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• Troubleshooting iptables and configuring it to drop the priority of long-term connections

  - by intuited

  I'm somewhat familiar with the general concepts of iptables, and would like to learn it in more detail. I'm hoping that my learning experience can also be useful. The situation: I'm running dd-wrt on my router. Despite its purported QoS skills, I'm still seeing connection latency shoot up hugely whenever there's an ongoing http connection, eg some large download. Under such conditions, it can take 10 seconds or more to load a basic webpage; sometimes the connections are dropped entirely. I've tried adjusting the parameters, dropping the allotted bandwidth for up and download to well under my limit, but nothing seems to work. dd-wrt is configured to use HTB as the QoS algorithm; HFSC, although presented as an option, seems to cause the router to crash, and is rumoured to not actually work on any linux system. I'd like to be able to troubleshoot this issue and hopefully improve the settings that dd-wrt is using, but I'm finding the learning curve a bit overwhelming. For starters I am not sure what HTB actually specifies: is this a set of iptables commands, or do some of those commands specify how HTB is to be used? I would like it to prioritize based on protocol the way that it already supposed to, and in addition I'd like to have it drop the priority of connections which have a high total byte count, say over 400KB. Also tips on utilities that can be run under dd-wrt to get more info on what's going on in there are appreciated. I've tried to get iftop to work but there were issues running curses. I'm leaning towards replacing dd-wrt with openwrt; comments on this strategy are also welcome. I suspect that I would be well advised to get a second router as a standin before trying that. It may be worth noting that my total bandwidth is pretty limited (256Kbit/s).

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• Why is my Compaq NC8430 laptop so darned HOT ?

  - by Cheeso

  For a long time I've had a Compaq nc8430 laptop. It's nearly 3 years old now. Originally shipped with WinXP, but I installed Vista on it. From the very start it was not a good experience. This thing has one of those "stickpoint" mice, which I like. After a while, I noticed that the computer was generating lots and lots of heat. So much heat, that the stickpoint bumper would melt and disintegrate. Normally I would expect heat if the CPU was working hard, but even when the CPU was idle, the computer was hot. Much too hot to keep on my lap. Turns out this is not an uncommon problem. I installed the HWmonitor tool, and found that the CPU temp was 82C when it was plugged in - pretty darn hot. And because the temp was so high, the fan never turned off, so the laptop was as loud as a jet engine, always. If I unplugged it from A/C power, the screen would dim and the temperature would decrease, and the fan noise would lessen, but still, it was too loud. It's totally unusable. What is the problem?

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• Updated XAMPP with MySQL, all my tables are missing

  - by user371699

  I just updated XAMPP to a newer version, which included updating MySQL from 5.5 to 5.6. Using phpMyAdmin, however, all of my tables within my databases still appear on the left navigation panel, but the main window shows that all my databases are empty (except for information_schema, and a couple other default tables.) Clicking on a table in the navigation panel gives me a "table doesn't exist" message. It does looks like information_schema.tables doesn't have my tables, either. Can anyone assist me with this? I did make a complete backup of all my databases before the upgrade, but I first want to see if I can fix this the "normal" way. Furthermore, I'm not sure if the MySQL upgrade involved making changes to the information/performance databases, so I don't know if I can restore the old ones. Thank you. EDIT: Continuing my searching, I realized that only the INNODB databases are missing. I've tried running the following with no avail: /opt/lampp/bin $ sudo ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/opt/lampp and /opt/lampp/bin $ sudo ./mysql_install_db --basedir=/opt/lampp --datadir=/opt/lampp/var/mysql The my.cnf file in /opt/lampp/etc contains the following InnoDB settings: innodb_data_home_dir = /opt/lampp/var/mysql/ innodb_data_file_path = ibdata1:10M:autoextend innodb_log_group_home_dir = /opt/lampp/var/mysql/ # You can set .._buffer_pool_size up to 50 - 80 % # of RAM but beware of setting memory usage too high innodb_buffer_pool_size = 16M # Deprecated in 5.6 #innodb_additional_mem_pool_size = 2M # Set .._log_file_size to 25 % of buffer pool size innodb_log_file_size = 5M innodb_log_buffer_size = 8M innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit = 1 innodb_lock_wait_timeout = 50 What could possibly be wrong? Why is the information_schema not updating correctly? It looks like /opt/lampp/var/mysql has all my tables in it within the database directories, but they're still not showing up in information_schema.

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• Best way to mount 3-4 monitor like this?

  - by jasondavis

  I just purchased 2 HP 2009m widescreen monitors, they are not the biggest thing on the block, they are like 19-20" and are only around 150-200$ so I think they are perfect. I bought 2 of them just to make sure I like them, with the full intention of purchasing more to make either a tripple or quad display. I now I am stuck trying to decide, if I purchase 1 more to have a tripple display I would then like to just wrap the third monitor to either the rigth or left side, I could do this without a mount most likely pretty easy. If I decide to go with 2 more monitors to make a quad display then I would like to add the 2 new monitor directly above the 2 that I have now. So it would make a grid of 2 wide and 2 high. I have posted a few photos belwo to show them now with the 2 I have, you will notice that I have them tilted inwards to make more of a "V" shape instead of them being side by side and "STRAIGHT". Now if I decide to make thegrid of 4 then I will need to buy or build a stand to hold them all tightly together (no whitespace or gap between the grid of monitors) but I would like to still have both rows invert to make the slight "V". Do you know of any existing stands I could purchase that would hold all 4 monitors without making them be STARIGHT without the "V" shape? Any tips appreciated please, also they do have holes in the back for VESA. a few photos... (they are from iphone and lighting made them note very good but you can see what I am working with here)

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• SQL Server 2005 standard filegroups / files for performance on SAN

  - by Blootac

  I submitted this to stack overflow (here) but realised it should really be on serverfault. so apologies for the incorrect and duplicate posting: Ok so I've just been on a SQL Server course and we discussed the usage scenarios of multiple filegroups and files when in use over local RAID and local disks but we didn't touch SAN scenarios so my question is as follows; I currently have a 250 gig database running on SQL Server 2005 where some tables have a huge number of writes and others are fairly static. The database and all objects reside in a single file group with a single data file. The log file is also on the same volume. My interpretation is that separate data files should be used across different disks to lessen disk contention and that file groups should be used for partitioning of data. However, with a SAN you obviously don't really have the same issue of disk contention that you do with a small RAID setup (or at least we don't at the moment), and standard edition doesn't support partitioning. So in order to improve parallelism what should I do? My understanding of various Microsoft publications is that if I increase the number of data files, separate threads can act across each file separately. Which leads me to the question how many files should I have. One per core? Should I be putting tables and indexes with high levels of activity in separate file groups, each with the same number of data files as we have cores? Thank you

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• Getting the most out of a Mac mini as a media center

  - by celebritarian

  Hello! I own an old Mac mini from 2006 (maybe early 2007). It's got an Intel Core Solo 32-bits CPU and 512 MB RAM. 160 GB HDD. The GPU is an integrated chip… Currently, my Mini is sitting under my LCD TV (720p). It's plugged in via a DVI to HDMI cable. It's currently running Leopard. And unfortunately, Snow Leopard can't be installed on a device with less than 1 GB of RAM… So, my Mac mini isn't exactly powerful. Also, it's slow and Mac OS X is not a pleasant experience on my Mini right now. It feels slow and heavy. I want to use my Mac mini as a media center/player. I want to be able to play video files in 720p (H.264, Matroska/MOV files). So basically, playing high-def videos is all I want to do with my Mini. What OS should I install? Stick to OS X? Optimize for video playback? Or should I install another OS — like Win XP, Ubuntu or any other Linux dist? Then, will my Mini be able to play 720p videos smoothly, even though the CPU and GPU aren't that powerful and with the limit of 512 MB of RAM? Appreciate all help. Thanks in advance!

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• linux mint VIA sound issue

  - by user2699451

  So I installed linux Mint 15 "Olivia" 64 bit on my Mecer W550EU laptop I have HD Audio with a VIA chipset charles-W55xEU charles # lsmod | grep snd snd_hda_codec_hdmi 36913 1 snd_hda_codec_via 51018 1 snd_hda_intel 39619 5 snd_hda_codec 136453 3 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_via,snd_hda_intel snd_hwdep 13602 1 snd_hda_codec snd_pcm 97451 4 snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel snd_page_alloc 18710 2 snd_pcm,snd_hda_intel snd_seq_midi 13324 0 snd_seq_midi_event 14899 1 snd_seq_midi snd_rawmidi 30180 1 snd_seq_midi snd_seq 61554 2 snd_seq_midi_event,snd_seq_midi snd_seq_device 14497 3 snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_seq_midi snd_timer 29425 2 snd_pcm,snd_seq snd 68876 19 snd_hwdep,snd_timer,snd_hda_codec_hdmi,snd_hda_codec_via,snd_pcm,snd_seq,snd_rawmidi,snd_hda_codec,snd_hda_intel,snd_seq_device soundcore 12680 1 snd And my sound card charles-W55xEU charles # aplay -l **** List of PLAYBACK Hardware Devices **** card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 0: VT1802 Analog [VT1802 Analog] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 2: VT1802 HP [VT1802 HP] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 card 0: PCH [HDA Intel PCH], device 3: HDMI 0 [HDMI 0] Subdevices: 1/1 Subdevice #0: subdevice #0 and my audio device charles-W55xEU charles # lspci -v | grep -A7 -i "audio" 00:1b.0 Audio device: Intel Corporation 7 Series/C210 Series Chipset Family High `Definition Audio Controller (rev 04)` Subsystem: CLEVO/KAPOK Computer Device 0550 Flags: bus master, fast devsel, latency 0, IRQ 47 Memory at f7c10000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=16K] Capabilities: [50] Power Management version 2 Capabilities: [60] MSI: Enable+ Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+ Capabilities: [70] Express Root Complex Integrated Endpoint, MSI 00 Capabilities: [100] Virtual Channel Sometimes when I boot up, soundworks, other times it doenst, it is completely random, so far, no-one on xchat linux help or linux mint forums was able to help me, I have always had issues with sound on VIA chipsets I have: sudo apt-get upgrade && apt-get install mint-meta-cinnamon it seemed to help but after 2-3 reboots, the problem came back, btw, everytime I checked, pulse audio is selected to Duplex Audio Input & Output and alsa mixer is always unmuted!

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• SpamAssassin bayesian score discrepancies

  - by CaptSaltyJack

  This makes my brain hurt. For some reason, SpamAssassin is giving high scores to certain emails, but when I test them on the command line, they get a low score. This one particular email has this in the header: X-Spam-Flag: YES X-Spam-Score: 8.521 X-Spam-Level: ******** X-Spam-Status: Yes, score=8.521 tagged_above=-9999 required=5 tests=[BAYES_99=3.5, BAYES_999=0.2, HTML_MESSAGE=0.001, NO_RECEIVED=-0.001, NO_RELAYS=-0.001, RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_51_100=0.5, RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_E8_51_100=1.886, RAZOR2_CHECK=0.922, URIBL_RHS_DOB=1.514] autolearn=no Yet when I dump the raw email into a file msg and run sudo su amavis -c 'spamassassin -t msg', I get this output: Content analysis details: (3.8 points, 5.0 required) pts rule name description ---- ---------------------- -------------------------------------------------- 1.5 URIBL_RHS_DOB Contains an URI of a new domain (Day Old Bread) [URIs: cliobeads.com] -1.0 ALL_TRUSTED Passed through trusted hosts only via SMTP 0.0 HTML_MESSAGE BODY: HTML included in message -0.0 BAYES_20 BODY: Bayes spam probability is 5 to 20% [score: 0.1855] 1.9 RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_E8_51_100 Razor2 gives engine 8 confidence level above 50% [cf: 100] 0.5 RAZOR2_CF_RANGE_51_100 Razor2 gives confidence level above 50% [cf: 100] 0.9 RAZOR2_CHECK Listed in Razor2 (http://razor.sf.net/) I'm really confused as to why when the email comes in, it gets a completely different score attached to it than when I run spamassassin -t. Is there some other way I should be testing emails? Also, my users have the ability to drag false positives into a folder called "False Positives," and every day a cron job fires off that runs this on every message in every user's folder: sa-learn --dbpath=/var/lib/amavis/.spamassassin --ham /tmp/*-*.eml >/dev/null I ran sudo locate bayes_toks and there's definitely only one bayes DB on the system, in /var/lib/amavis/.spamassassin. I'm clueless, any help would be great and may help restore my sanity!

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• How can I regain control over a "stuck" scroll bar?

  - by jonsca

  I normally have a lot of tabs open in the browser at one time, which normally doesn't cause any problems. Occasionally, though, the page will have fully rendered, the scroll bar is at the top of its track on the right, but placing the the mouse pointer on the scroll bar does not allow me to get control of it (and using the arrow at the bottom of the scroll bar doesn't work either). This seems to happen to me in both Firefox and Chrome, both latest versions. There is normally no load on the CPU, and while my memory usage can be high (especially with Chrome), I still usually have 25% left. I fear that this is one of those "for your own good" features, to prevent scrolling down a page that may still have elements loading and/or a stuck script, but I'm wondering whether or not there is a setting in Firefox or Chrome (or perhaps Windows in general) that will allow the scroll bar to be "released" even though the browser may be busy? It may be "2002" of me, but I wouldn't mind being able to scroll along gradually, even if the page hasn't had time to fully render all of the images, etc., yet. Does such an advanced setting exist "under the hood"?

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• Find out which task is generating a lot of context switches on linux

  - by Gaks

  According to vmstat, my Linux server (2xCore2 Duo 2.5 GHz) is constantly doing around 20k context switches per second. # vmstat 3 procs -----------memory---------- ---swap-- -----io---- -system-- ----cpu---- r b swpd free buff cache si so bi bo in cs us sy id wa 2 0 7292 249472 82340 2291972 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 13 79 0 0 0 7292 251808 82344 2291968 0 0 0 184 24 20090 1 1 99 0 0 0 7292 251876 82344 2291968 0 0 0 83 17 20157 1 0 99 0 0 0 7292 251876 82344 2291968 0 0 0 73 12 20116 1 0 99 0 ... but uptime shows small load: load average: 0.01, 0.02, 0.01 and top doesn't show any process with high %CPU usage. How do I find out what exactly is generating those context switches? Which process/thread? I tried to analyze pidstat output: # pidstat -w 10 1 12:39:13 PID cswch/s nvcswch/s Command 12:39:23 1 0.20 0.00 init 12:39:23 4 0.20 0.00 ksoftirqd/0 12:39:23 7 1.60 0.00 events/0 12:39:23 8 1.50 0.00 events/1 12:39:23 89 0.50 0.00 kblockd/0 12:39:23 90 0.30 0.00 kblockd/1 12:39:23 995 0.40 0.00 kirqd 12:39:23 997 0.60 0.00 kjournald 12:39:23 1146 0.20 0.00 svscan 12:39:23 2162 5.00 0.00 kjournald 12:39:23 2526 0.20 2.00 postgres 12:39:23 2530 1.00 0.30 postgres 12:39:23 2534 5.00 3.20 postgres 12:39:23 2536 1.40 1.70 postgres 12:39:23 12061 10.59 0.90 postgres 12:39:23 14442 1.50 2.20 postgres 12:39:23 15416 0.20 0.00 monitor 12:39:23 17289 0.10 0.00 syslogd 12:39:23 21776 0.40 0.30 postgres 12:39:23 23638 0.10 0.00 screen 12:39:23 25153 1.00 0.00 sshd 12:39:23 25185 86.61 0.00 daemon1 12:39:23 25190 12.19 35.86 postgres 12:39:23 25295 2.00 0.00 screen 12:39:23 25743 9.99 0.00 daemon2 12:39:23 25747 1.10 3.00 postgres 12:39:23 26968 5.09 0.80 postgres 12:39:23 26969 5.00 0.00 postgres 12:39:23 26970 1.10 0.20 postgres 12:39:23 26971 17.98 1.80 postgres 12:39:23 27607 0.90 0.40 postgres 12:39:23 29338 4.30 0.00 screen 12:39:23 31247 4.10 23.58 postgres 12:39:23 31249 82.92 34.77 postgres 12:39:23 31484 0.20 0.00 pdflush 12:39:23 32097 0.10 0.00 pidstat Looks like some postgresql tasks are doing 10 context swiches per second, but it doesn't all sum up to 20k anyway. Any idea how to dig a little deeper for an answer?

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• Setting up subdomain to respond on :443 with apache2

  - by compucuke

  I read through some guides on this and I believe it is possible to have apache respond to a subdomain through ssl. I have domain.com responding on 80 and I do not need domain.com responding on 443. Rather, the only use I have for ssl is for the subdomain sub.domain.com. So my site should be http://domain.com http://www.domain.com https://sub.domain.com https://www.sub.domain.com My CNAME records are as follows sub.domain.com xxx.xx.xx.xxx *.sub.domain.com xxx.xx.xx.xxx The A record exists but should not matter for the example. I set up a separate config file in sites-enabled for sub.domain.com NameVirtualHost xxx.xx.xx.xxx:443 <VirtualHost xxx.xx.xx.xxx:443> SSLEngine on SSLStrictSNIVHostCheck on SSLProtocol -ALL +SSLv3 +TLSv1 SSLCipherSuite ALL:!aNULL:!ADH:!eNULL:!LOW:!EXP:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:-MEDIUM ServerAlias sub.domain.com DocumentRoot /usr/local/www/ssl/documents/ SSLCertificateFile /root/sub.domain.com.crt SSLCertificateKeyFile /root/sub.domain.com.key Alias /robots.txt /usr/local/www/ssl/documents/robots.txt Alias /favicon.ico /usr/local/www/ssl/documents/favicon.ico Alias /js/libs /usr/local/www/ssl/documents/js/libs Alias /media/ /usr/local/www/documents/media/ Alias /img/ /usr/local/www/ssl/documents/img/ Alias /css/ /usr/local/www/ssl/documents/css/ <Directory /usr/local/www/ssl/documents/> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> WSGIDaemonProcess sub.domain.com processes=2 threads=7 display-name=%{GROUP} WSGIProcessGroup sub.domain.com WSGIScriptAlias / /usr/local/www/wsgi-scripts/script.wsgi <Directory /usr/local/www/wsgi-scripts> Order allow,deny Allow from all </Directory> </VirtualHost> Now, it is important to mention that https://domain.com responds with what I have running from script.wsgi above instead of on https://sub.domain.com. It does not respond to sub.domain.com. checking https://sub.domain.com causes a 105 error. This is a DNS error but I am convinced the DNS does not have a problem with the CNAME records, they just point to my IP. Am I doing something that Apache can not do?

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• Redundant OpenVPN connections with advanced Linux routing over an unreliable network

  - by konrad

  I am currently living in a country that blocks many websites and has unreliable network connections to the outside world. I have two OpenVPN endpoints (say: vpn1 and vpn2) on Linux servers that I use to circumvent the firewall. I have full access to these servers. This works quite well, except for the high package loss on my VPN connections. This packet loss varies between 1% and 30% depending on time and seems to have a low correlation, most of the time it seems random. I am thinking about setting up a home router (also on Linux) that maintains OpenVPN connections to both endpoints and sends all packets twice, to both endpoints. vpn2 would send all packets from home to vpn1. Return trafic would be send both directly from vpn1 to home, and also through vpn2. +------------+ | home | +------------+ | | | OpenVPN | | links | | | ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ unreliable connection | | +----------+ +----------+ | vpn1 |---| vpn2 | +----------+ +----------+ | +------------+ | HTTP proxy | +------------+ | (internet) For clarity: all packets between home and the HTTP proxy will be duplicated and sent over different paths, to increase the chances one of them will arrive. If both arrive, the first second one can be silently discarded. Bandwidth usage is not an issue, both on the home side and endpoint side. vpn1 and vpn2 are close to each other (3ms ping) and have a reliable connection. Any pointers on how this could be achieved using the advanced routing policies available in Linux?

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• Why is this APC installation failing so badly?

  - by Matt

  I have multiple instances of APC running on my server with similar configurations (albeit with different cache sizes. However, one of the instances is performing extremely poorly, and I have no idea why (100% cache fragmentation, high miss rate). The runtime settings I'm using are as follows (pretty much out of the box): apc.cache_by_default 1 apc.canonicalize 1 apc.coredump_unmap 0 apc.enable_cli 0 apc.enabled 1 apc.file_md5 0 apc.file_update_protection 2 apc.filters apc.gc_ttl 3600 apc.include_once_override 0 apc.lazy_classes 0 apc.lazy_functions 0 apc.max_file_size 1M apc.mmap_file_mask apc.num_files_hint 1000 apc.preload_path apc.report_autofilter 0 apc.rfc1867 0 apc.rfc1867_freq 0 apc.rfc1867_name APC_UPLOAD_PROGRESS apc.rfc1867_prefix upload_ apc.rfc1867_ttl 3600 apc.shm_segments 1 apc.shm_size 10M apc.slam_defense 1 apc.stat 1 apc.stat_ctime 0 apc.ttl 0 apc.use_request_time 1 apc.user_entries_hint 4096 apc.user_ttl 0 apc.write_lock 1 APC is version 3.1.6, PHP is 5.3.3-1ubuntu9.5. I've tried restarting Apache multiple times, so this isn't a freak instance. The instance with problems is simply running Wordpress with a few plugins installed. All other instances (~4) on the server are running perfectly fine with almost 100% hit rates and 0% fragmentation; for example this instance is holding a website built using the Symfony framework. Any help would be much appreciated; I haven't had much experience with APC and was hoping for it to be an out-of-the-box speed boost ;).

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• Please advise on VPS config choice (with SQL Server Express)

  - by tjeuten

  Hi all, I might be interested in getting a VPS hosting plan for some small personal sites and .NET projects. Was thinking of Softsys Bronze Plan, as my current shared host plan is with them too. The stuff I want to host has grown beyond the capabilities of a Shared hosting plan, and I also want more control over the IIS/ASP.NET configuration, that's why I'm considering VPS. The main config details would be: Hyper-V 30 GB of diskspace 1 GB of RAM More info here: http://www.softsyshosting.com/Windows-VPS-HyperV.aspx Does anyone have experience with this plan (or something similar from another host), and maybe could answer these couple of questions: Bronze has a total diskspace of 30GB. Is the OS part of this quota or not ? If so, how much does a base configuration with Windows 2008 take up in diskspace ? Would you advise Windows 2008 R2 or Normal. Or would you advise to use Windows 2003 with this config. I'm planning on running a SQL Server Express install too. Would 1 GB of RAM be enough for both the Windows 2008 (R2) and SQL Express. The database load will not be that very high (a couple of 1000 records returned each day). The DB will most likely be far away from the 4GB limit, that's why I'd go for a SQL Express instead of paying extra licensing costs for a SQL Web install. But I'm more concerned about performance. Would you recommend Softsys as a VPS host ? I've been with them for one year for my Shared hosting plan, and have no complaints so far. Also, as I have no VPS experience, what are the pitfalls I need to be aware of, in terms of performance mainly, but maybe in other areas too ? Mathieu

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• Why can't I install Java?

  - by Patrick

  I've been searching high and low for someone who can help me. I've been trying for a month. A month. to install Java on my new PC to no avail. No tech support forum can seem to help me. It all started while playing tekkit one day. I kept running out of memory (using the 32-bit JRE 7 u45) so I decided to install the 64-bit version. I uninstalled the 32-bit version first, for some reason, and downloaded the 64 bit runtime. In the installer, I go through all the normal screens until the installation progress bar appears. Then, it just sits there. No progress is made. No CPU is used by the installer, or any of its dependencies. The installer will stay like this for hours, days, and in one case a whole week without doing anything at all. I've tried installing older versions, the 32-bit version, even Java 6 and none of them will install. UAC is disabled, I've run regedit, CCleaner, and any other "fix-it" program there is. It's getting to the point where I may just have to wipe my hard drives and start over. I have several applications that require java, so this is an absolute necessity. Please, please, someone have the answer. Here are my system specs: -Intel i7-3770k -AsRock z77 Extreme3 -Samsung 840 pro SSD -WD Caviar Black 1tb

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• I/O APIC on Virtualbox

  - by RidDeBakTiYar

  I'm trying to use the PIT to do APIC timer calibration, and I want to use the PIT through I/O APIC instead of PIC. On Bochs I get interrupts from the PIT at the asked frequency from the I/O APIC, while on Virtualbox I can't receive a single interrupt. It must be an I/O APIC configuration problem because as I unmask the first PIC entry, the IRQ fires. However that's not what I want. Can you imagine any possible condition that wouldn't make Virtualbox fire the IRQ? I'm not assuming single I/O APIC configuration (even though Virtualbox has only 1). I'm not assuming identity mappings between ISA IRQs and I/O APIC GSIs (using ACPI MADT table to get I/O APIC base address and Int override). I'm setting the Trigger Mode and Polarity bits correctly (on Virtualbox they are set as '00 - default' which means edge high right?). I'm putting the BSP APIC ID into the Destination field (using Physical destination) and vector 0x20. Being the BSP APIC ID 0 on Virtualbox, it ends up with 0x0000000000000020 written to the IOREDTBL. And, just in case I'm getting the wrong values from the Interrupt Override descriptor, I'm setting this value to all the IOREDTBL entries (I know this is very very bad, and it wont be kept as I understand what's going on). The only thing I didn't check out is Local APIC configuration. Actually I'm not writing any value to the BSP LAPIC. Just reading the APIC ID and using it to boot APs through IPIs. And obviously I'm setting bit 11 in the IA32_APIC_BASE MSR to enable the LAPIC. Any ideas? Thanks in advance.

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• LSI 9260-8i w/ 6 256gb SSDs - RAID 5, 6, 10, or bad idea overall?

  - by Michael Pearson

  We're provisioning a new production server for our reasonably busy website. Our choice of host have available a 6 drive configuration with a LSI 9260-8i card. My initial thought was to fill all six bays with SSDs (Intel 520 256gb) and set them up in RAID. Good, bad, or terrible idea? Can the card handle it? Should we be using RAID 5, 6 or 10? This would be the first time the provider have filled all six slots for this rackmount with SSDs, so they're a bit hesitant. I'm wondering if somebody else with this card has done something similar in a production environment. We do about 43gb of writes per day and currently use about 300gb of storage. The server acts as webserver, database, and image store for approx 1 million files. The plan is to underprovision the SSDs by approximately 10% to 20% to increase their overall lifespan & performance. The fallback option is 2x480gb SSDs in RAID 1 and another 2x1TB HDDs in RAID 1. The motivation behind this is that the server rental cost difference between 2xSSDs and 6xSSDs is minimal (compared to the overall cost of the rental). We do not have any special high-IOPs requirements. However, if the configuration is known to work, I don't see a good reason to not use it and not have to worry about having separate 'fast and small' and 'slow and large' disks.

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• Body of email breaks distribution list in exchange?

  - by widgisoft

  Hi, I have a very odd problem that I'm not sure is a programming issue or a server issue :-p. Basically I'm sending an email to an exchange distribution list that includes a PHP stack trace; during certain faults the trace includes really high level information such as the machine's environment variables (during file reads, etc.). I went through a copy of the email line by line until the email sent and it appears the line: [SUDO_COMMAND] => /etc/init.d/httpd restart is the culprit. Adding a string replacement in before the email is sent allows a successful send. What I don't understand is WHY these stream of characters are causing the issue ONLY on the distribution email. If I send the email to myself as well, i.e. "[email protected]; [email protected]", then I get the email fine. Re-ordering the list doesn't make a difference the group never gets the email. Because the individual gets the email and not the group I'm assuming the fault is with exchange and some rogue filtering - I've gone through it with the sysadmins and there's no filtering of any sort on that group... so maybe it's a bug? I can't find anyone else having recorded this specific fault so I figured I'd open it here. For now I'm just not using the distribution list but it'd be nice to eventually find the solution. Many thanks, Chris

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• 502: proxy: pass request body failed

  - by Andrei Serdeliuc

  Sometimes I get the following error (in apache's error.log) when viewing my site over https: (502)Unknown error 502: proxy: pass request body failed to xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx:443 I'm not entirely sure what this is and why it happens, it's also not consistent. The request route is: Browser Proxy server (apache with mod_proxy + mod_ssl) Load balancer (aws) Web server (apache with mod_ssl) The configuration on the proxy server is as follows: <VirtualHost *:443> ProxyRequests Off ProxyVia On ServerName www.xxx.co.uk ServerAlias xxx.co.uk <Directory proxy:*> Order deny,allow Allow from all </Directory> <Proxy *> AddDefaultCharset off Order deny,allow Allow from all </Proxy> ProxyPass / balancer://cluster:443/ lbmethod=byrequests ProxyPassReverse / balancer://cluster:443/ ProxyPreserveHost off SSLProxyEngine On SSLEngine on SSLCipherSuite ALL:!ADH:!EXPORT56:RC4+RSA:+HIGH:+MEDIUM:+LOW:+SSLv2:+EXP:+eNULL SSLCertificateFile /var/www/vhosts/xxx/ssl/www.xxx.co.uk.cert SSLCertificateKeyFile /var/www/vhosts/xxx/ssl/www.xxx.co.uk.key <Proxy balancer://cluster> BalancerMember https://xxx.eu-west-1.elb.amazonaws.com </Proxy> </VirtualHost> Any idea what the issue might be?

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• CentOS security for lazy admins

  - by Robby75

  I'm running CentOS 5.5 (basic LAMP with Parallels Power Panel and Plesk) and have thus far neglected security (because it's not my full-time job, there is always something more important on my todo-list). My server does not contain any secret data and also no lives depend on it - Basically what I want is to make sure it does not become part of a botnet, that is "good enough" security in my case. Anyway, I don't want to become a full-time paranoid admin (like constantly watching and patching everything because of some obscure problem), I also don't care about most security problems like DOS attacks or problems that only exist when using some arcane settings. I'm in search of a "happy medium", for example a list of known important problems in the default installation of CentOS 5.5 and/or a list of security problems that have actually been exploited - not the typical endless list of buffer overflows that "maybe" a problem in some special case. The problem that I have with the usually recommended approaches (joining mailing lists, etc.) is that the really important problems (something where an exploit exists, that is exploitable in a common setup and where the attacker can do something really useful - i.e. not a DOS) are completely and utterly swamped by millions of tiny security alerts that surely are important for high-security servers, but not for me. Thanks for all suggestions!

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• windows 8.1 does not boot after CHKDSK command

  - by sepehr

  I had problem with Windows 8.1 high Disk usage so in order to solve , searched forums. A voted answer suggested to use CHKDSK command as follow: run command prompt and as administrator type code snippet below: CHKDSK /f /v /b C: (I can not remember accurately) CHKDSK printed : can not run CHKDSK right now , would you like to schedule C drive to be checked next time windows starts? (Y/N) my response was "Y" ,please ! Following this suggestion not only didn't solve my problem as expected but also added another one ! The next time system booted, after windows authentication I just could see a black screen and mouse pointer. So I force shut downed the system and tried to start windows again. This time , windows got stuck in Scanning and Repairing on 22% for around 3 hours so I got tired and forced shut downed again. is CHKDSK source of Scanning and Repairing problem or they are discrete ? is there any hope to overcome this problem without re-installing windows ? can any one else run CHKDSK on newer versions of windows without problem? is CHKDSK effective but inefficient ?(it finally get to end but will take a long time) If yes, how much time does it take? I also have Linux Ubuntu 14.04 installed along side windows.

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• Dedicated server with a lot of storage and good support - and cost-effective

  - by Martin Burger

  Hello, I am from Germany and looking for a dedicated server located in the US with a lot of storage: 750 - 1500 GB. CPU speed and amount of memory are secondary, the server will host large amounts of media files via http and ftp - the basic task is to help people exchange media files. In Germany, there are some good offers, like "Root Server EQ6" at www.hetzner.de. For example, that company provides support of high quality, and their plans are very cost-effective. The plan mentioned above costs about $90 per month and provides two 1500 GB SATA-II HDDs (Software-RAID 1). In the US, I found (amongst others) Go Daddy and rackspace. Go Daddy offers some "Storage Monster" plans that include 2 x 1,000 GB hard drives for about $180 per month - already twice as much as Hetzner above. However, I found some blog and forum entries that complain about the support provided by Go Daddy. Rackspace seems to provide decent support, but they are very "upscale". Their dedicated servers are customizable and start at $419 - thus, about 4.5 times as much as Hetzner. Can anybody recommend a solution / plan that is comparable to the one by Hetzner? Or are prices for dedicated servers in general much higher than in Germany? Regards, Martin

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• File download speed issue over a dedicated fibre link

  - by nixnotwin

  My ISP has installed a fibre based dedicated internet connection at the place where I work. In the beginning the connection terminated at one of the ISP's core routers. It resulted in a strange issue. Eventhough the assigned speed was 5mbps, when tests were done by downloading large files over http and ftp from multiple locations, the speed never went above 2mbps. But bittorrent downloads reached 5mbps. Even file download from the ISP servers were fine. So, at the ISP our link was attached directly to their edge router. After this file downloads from high bandwidth servers, like Google and MS, reached the 5 mbps limit. Sometimes the speed would fall down below 2 mbps and suddenly it will go up to the 5 mbps limit ( it keeps on happening during any single file download). But other downloads like ubuntu apt repositories still struggle to go above 2 mbps. The engineers at the ISP have not been able to sort out the issue. After they moved us to their edge router instead of giving us 8 public ip's, they just gave 4 ip's. When we enquired about it, they told us that giving more ip's would result in arp overload at their edge router. But somehow I was able to convince them to give us the 8 ip's which we wanted. But the file download issue has remained. What might be the reason for files from different location getting downloaded with different speeds, that too with heavy fluctuation in speeds? I have downloaded files from same url's from a connection belonging to another smaller ISP, and the speeds were fine and reached full 5 mbps limit.

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• cPanel web servers mounting home partition to a NAS or SAN

  - by Scott

  I currently have 2 cPanel web servers that are little 1RU dual cpu quad core xeons. They have a lot of resources for processing and handling web requests, and never exceed more than 10% cpu usage. They also have plenty of RAM. The problem is though that they both have RAID 1 160Gb SAS hard disk drives in them that are 75% full, and growing by the day. I didnt think that the amount of disk usage would be so high, but due to the nature of the sites hosted, this has become an issue. The easy fix would be just to upgrade the hard drives to something bigger (probably not of the SAS variety), but I am thinking of keeping the current machines as "processing servers" and buying a central "storage server" with about 12TB of storage. The /home/ partition on each of the 1RU servers would be mounted to a NAS or SAN point on this central storage server. My questions are: - Has anyone got a cPanel setup where they mount /home/ to a NAS or SAN elsewhere? If so, can you provide details as to what you did and how it went :) - Any recommendations on networking? Is gigabit ethernet enough? Is TCP/IP going to be a noticable performance problem? Anyone used a TOE key? - Anyone benchmarked or had any performance issues with SAN over NAS? Any help greatly appreciated. Scott

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• LASER x Deskjet Printer

  - by Mike

  I am about to buy a color printer. I had a b&W laserjet printer in the past but since then I use deskjet for decades. I need a printer that can deliver high quality as these photo deskjet printers but I am tired of paying ink that costs $9,000 per gallon of ink (1 gallon = 3.785 liters = 300 cartridges = $9,000). So, I was pondering about buying a color laser, but I am not sure if these printers can deliver the same quality and worth the investment in terms of toner consumption. I remembered that my old laserjet printer was able to print 1100 pages per toner cartridge. The deskjet printers I have can print 500 pages per cartridge. Price by price, 2 deskjet cartridges have more or less the same cost as one toner cartridge and in theory prints almost the same. I am not sure if this is true for color lasers. What you guys can tell me about quality, toner cost and cost per page using laser or deskjet. Does it worths the change? Remember that a deskjet printer costs $50 and a laser printer costs $200. thanks.

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