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• Tablet interface for the physically disabled?

  - by Glenn

  My sister has Cerebral Palsy, which in her case means she has only gross motor control and her speech is slurred. Implications should be obvious: traditional computer/phone/tablet interfaces won't work for her and she can't speak clearly enough for speech recognition software to help her at all. She enjoys reading but has difficulty holding the book and/or turning a page. There are a few options for helping her use a computer, but nothing for tablets or eReaders. That's where you come in. I would like to make (or buy, if such a thing exists) a better interface to an Android tablet that would work for someone with little to no physical dexterity or speech ability. I'd also be interested in work on the Kindle or iPad, but I'm most familiar with Android so I'm starting there. I know Android has Bluetooth capability. Is it possible to interface a joystick to control the Android device? By "control", I mean the entire operating system - selecting an app, launching it, controlling the menus, etc. I want to give her control over the whole thing, not just a specific app. On a PC this can be accomplished by creating a generic USB HID interface and an arcade joystick to move the mouse over the screen and click on thigns. Is it possible to do something like that in Android? Any help you can offer would be greatly appreciated. Thanks!

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• UITableView with dynamic cell heights -- what do I need to do to fix scrolling down?

  - by Ian Terrell

  I am building a teensy tiny little Twitter client on the iPhone. Naturally, I'm displaying the tweets in a UITableView, and they are of course of varying lengths. I'm dynamically changing the height of the cell based on the text quite fine: - (CGFloat)heightForTweetCellWithString:(NSString *)text { CGFloat height = Buffer + [text sizeWithFont:Font constrainedToSize:Size lineBreakMode:LineBreakMode].height; return MAX(height, MinHeight); } - (CGFloat)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView heightForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { NSString *text = // get tweet text for this indexpath return [self heightForTweetCellWithString:text]; } } I'm displaying the actual tweet cell using the algorithm in the PragProg book: - (UITableViewCell *)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView cellForRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { static NSString *CellIdentifier = @"TweetCell"; TweetCell *cell = (TweetCell *)[tableView dequeueReusableCellWithIdentifier:CellIdentifier]; if (cell == nil) { cell = [self createNewTweetCellFromNib]; } cell.tweet.text = // tweet text // set other labels, etc return cell; } When I boot up, all the tweets visible display just fine. However, when I scroll down, the tweets below are quite mussed up -- it appears that once a cell has scrolled off the screen, the cell height for the one above it gets resized to be larger than it should be, and obscures part of the cell below it. When the cell reaches the top of the view, it resets itself and renders properly. Scrolling up presents no difficulties. Here is a video that shows this in action: http://screencast.com/t/rqwD9tpdltd I've tried quite a bit already: resizing the cell's frame on creation, using different identifiers for cells with different heights (i.e. [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Identifier%d", rowHeight]), changing properties in Interface Builder... If there are additional code snippets I can post, please let me know. Thanks in advance for your help!

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• What does this structure actually do?

  - by LGTrader

  I found this structure code in a Julia Set example from a book on CUDA. I'm a newbie C programmer and cannot get my head around what it's doing, nor have I found the right thing to read on the web to clear it up. Here's the structure: struct cuComplex { float r; float i; cuComplex( float a, float b ) : r(a), i(b) {} float magnitude2( void ) { return r * r + i * i; } cuComplex operator*(const cuComplex& a) { return cuComplex(r*a.r - i*a.i, i*a.r + r*a.i); } cuComplex operator+(const cuComplex& a) { return cuComplex(r+a.r, i+a.i); } }; and it's called very simply like this: cuComplex c(-0.8, 0.156); cuComplex a(jx, jy); int i = 0; for (i=0; i<200; i++) { a = a * a + c; if (a.magnitude2() > 1000) return 0; } return 1; So, the code did what? Defined something of structure type 'cuComplex' giving the real and imaginary parts of a number. (-0.8 & 0.156) What is getting returned? (Or placed in the structure?) How do I work through the logic of the operator stuff in the struct to understand what is actually calculated and held there? I think that it's probably doing recursive calls back into the stucture float magnitude2 (void) { return return r * r + i * i; } probably calls the '*' operator for r and again for i, and then the results of those two operations call the '+' operator? Is this correct and what gets returned at each step? Just plain confused. Thanks!

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• Design of std::ifstream class

  - by Nawaz

  Those of us who have seen the beauty of STL try to use it as much as possible, and also encourage others to use it wherever we see them using raw pointers and arrays. Scott Meyers have written a whole book on STL, with title Effective STL. Yet what happened to the developers of ifstream that they preferred char* over std::string. I wonder why the first parameter of ifstream::open() is of type const char*, instead of const std::string &. Please have a look at it's signature: void open(const char * filename, ios_base::openmode mode = ios_base::in ); Why this? Why not this: void open(const string & filename, ios_base::openmode mode = ios_base::in ); Is this a serious mistake with the design? Or this design is deliberate? What could be the reason? I don't see any reason why they have preferred char* over std::string. Note we could still pass char* to the latter function that takes std::string. That's not a problem! By the way, I'm aware that ifstream is a typedef, so no comment on my title.:P. It looks short that is why I used it. The actual class template is : template<class _Elem,class _Traits> class basic_ifstream;

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• What is wrong with accessing DBI directly?

  - by canavanin

  Hi everyone! I'm currently reading Effective Perl Programming (2nd edition). I have come across a piece of code which was described as being poorly written, but I don't yet understand what's so bad about it, or how it should be improved. It would be great if someone could explain the matter to me. Here's the code in question: sub sum_values_per_key { my ( $class, $dsn, $user, $password, $parameters ) = @_; my %results; my $dbh = DBI->connect( $dsn, $user, $password, $parameters ); my $sth = $dbh->prepare( 'select key, calculate(value) from my_table'); $sth->execute(); # ... fill %results ... $sth->finish(); $dbh->disconnect(); return \%results; } The example comes from the chapter on testing your code (p. 324/325). The sentence that has left me wondering about how to improve the code is the following: Since the code was poorly written and accesses DBI directly, you'll have to create a fake DBI object to stand in for the real thing. I have probably not understood a lot of what the book has so far been trying to teach me, or I have skipped the section relevant for understanding what's bad practice about the above code... Well, thanks in advance for your help!

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• PHP Installer Script

  - by totallymike

  I'm looking to create a fully functional installer for a slightly complicated web application using PHP. Basically, you go to URL/setup.php and you are asked a series of questions, and during the process a database is set up and a config file is populated according to the answers given. A good example of this is how Wordpress handles its install procedure, as well as any number of PHP applications. My question to you, oh great internet, is this: This technique is so prevalent that surely not everyone is re-inventing the wheel, is there a place I can go to find a basic walkthrough (not code, just a description) of the technique. Either that or a good book which outlines if not this specific technique, then the fundamentals relevant to this? I can bang out something ugly and probably make it work myself, but if there's a best known method I'd like to find it. Far more important than having a working function is to have a description of what's going on from step to step. I'd like to have the installer, but I really want to learn how it's done. Thanks, Mike

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• Use of Syntactic Sugar / Built in Functionality

  - by Kyle Rozendo

  I was busy looking deeper into things like multi-threading and deadlocking etc. The book is aimed at both pseudo-code and C code and I was busy looking at implementations for things such as Mutex locks and Monitors. This brought to mind the following; in C# and in fact .NET we have a lot of syntactic sugar for doing things. For instance (.NET 3.5): lock(obj) { body } Is identical to: var temp = obj; Monitor.Enter(temp); try { body } finally { Monitor.Exit(temp); } There are other examples of course, such as the using() {} construct etc. My question is when is it more applicable to "go it alone" and literally code things oneself than to use the "syntactic sugar" in the language? Should one ever use their own ways rather than those of people who are more experienced in the language you're coding in? I recall having to not use a Process object in a using block to help with some multi-threaded issues and infinite looping before. I still feel dirty for not having the using construct in there. Thanks, Kyle

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• PHP: passing a function with parameters as parameter

  - by Oden

  Hey, I'm not sure that silly question, but I ask: So, if there is an anonymous function I can give it as another anonymous functions parameter, if it has been already stored a variable. But, whats in that case, if I have stored only one function in a variable, and add the second directly as a parameter into it? Can I add parameters to the non-stored function? Fist example (thats what i understand :) ): $func = function($str){ return $str; }; $func2 = function($str){ return $str; }; $var = $func($func2('asd')); var_dump($var); // prints out string(3) "asd" That makes sense for me, but what is with the following one? $func = function($str){ return $str; }; $var = $func(function($str = "asd"){ return $str; }); var_dump($var); /** This prints out: object(Closure)#1 (1) { ["parameter"]=> array(1) { ["$str"]=> string(10) "" } } But why? */ And at the end, can someone recommend me a book or an article, from what i can learn this lambda coding feature of php? Thank you in advance for your answers :)

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• How to do binding programmically?

  - by user175908

  Hello, Could anyone identify the problem in this code? (I'm kinda newbie in WPF bindings.) This code executes after chart is loaded when I click a button: I get this error: Update: I dont get that error anymore. Thanks to Tomas. Now no error occur but chart looks completely blank (no columns) Update: Code now looks like this: // create a very simple DataSet var dataSet = new DataSet("MyDataSet"); var table = dataSet.Tables.Add("MyTable"); table.Columns.Add("Name"); table.Columns.Add("Price"); table.Rows.Add("Brick", 1.5d); table.Rows.Add("Soap", 4.99d); table.Rows.Add("Comic Book", 0.99d); // chart series var series = new ColumnSeries() { IndependentValueBinding = new Binding("[Name]"), // How to deal with DependentValueBinding = new Binding("[Price]"), // these two? ItemsSource = dataSet.Tables[0].DefaultView // or maybe I do mistake here? }; // ---------- set additional binding as adviced ------------------ series.SetBinding(ColumnSeries.ItemsSourceProperty, new Binding()); // chart stuff MyChart.Series.Add(series); MyChart.Title = "Names 'n Prices"; // some code to remove legend var style = new Style(typeof(Control)); style.Setters.Add(new Setter(LegendItem.TemplateProperty, null)); MyChart.LegendStyle = style; XAML: <Window x:Class="BindingzTest.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" Title="MainWindow" Height="606" Width="988" xmlns:charting="clr-namespace:System.Windows.Controls.DataVisualization.Charting;assembly=System.Windows.Controls.DataVisualization.Toolkit"> <Grid Name="LayoutRoot"> <charting:Chart Name="MyChart" Margin="0,0,573,0" Height="289" VerticalAlignment="Top" /> <Button Content="Button" Height="23" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Margin="272,361,0,0" Name="button1" VerticalAlignment="Top" Width="75" Click="chart1_Loaded" /> </Grid> Thanks for help in advance once more.

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• Can LINQ expression classes implement the observer pattern instead of deferred execution?

  - by Tormod

  Hi. We have issues within an application using a state machine. The application is implemented as a windows service and is iteration based (it "foreaches" itself through everything) and there are myriads of instances being processed by the state machine. As I'm reading the MEAP version of Jon Skeets book "C# in Depth, 2nd ed", I'm wondering if I can change the whole thing to use linq expression instances so that guards and conditions are represented using expression trees. We are building many applications on this state machine engine and would probably greatly benefit from the new Expression tree visualizer in VS 2010 Now, simple example. If I have an expression tree where there is an OR Expression condition with two sub nodes, is there any way that these can implement the observer pattern so that the expression tree becomes event driven? If a condition change, it should notify its parent node (the OR node). Since the OR node then changes from "false" to "true", then it should notify ITS parent and so on. I love the declarative model of expression trees, but the deferred execution model works in opposite direction of the control flow if you want event based "live" conditions. Am I off on a wild goose chase here? Or is there some concept in the BCL that may help me achieve this?

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• Getting my head around object oriented programing

  - by nLL

  I am entry level .Net developer and using it to develop web sites. I started with classic asp and last year jumped on the ship with a short C# book. As I developed I learned more and started to see that coming from classic asp I always used C# like scripting language. For example in my last project I needed to encode video on the webserver and wrote a code like public class Encoder { Public static bool Encode(string videopath) { ...snip... return true; } } While searching samples related to my project I’ve seen people doing this public class Encoder { Public static Encode(string videopath) { EncodedVideo encoded = new EncodedVideo(); ...snip... encoded.EncodedVideoPath = outputFile; encoded.Success = true; ...snip... } } public class EncodedVideo { public string EncodedVideoPath { get; set; } public bool Success { get; set; } } As I understand second example is more object oriented but I don’t see the point of using EncodedVideo object. Am I doing something wrong? Does it really necessary to use this sort of code in a web app?

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• Question about compilers and how they work

  - by Marin Doric

  This is the C code that frees memory of a singly linked list. It is compiled with Visual C++ 2008 and code works as it should be. /* Program done, so free allocated memory */ current = head; struct film * temp; temp = current; while (current != NULL) { temp = current->next; free(current); current = temp; } But I also encountered ( even in a books ) same code written like this: /* Program done, so free allocated memory */ current = head; while (current != NULL) { free(current); current = current->next; } If I compile that code with my VC++ 2008, program crashes because I am first freeing current and then assigning current-next to current. But obviously if I compile this code with some other complier ( for example, compiler that book author used ) program will work. So question is, why does this code compiled with specific compiler work? Is it because that compiler put instructions in binary file that remember address of current-next although I freed current and my VC++ doesn't. I just want to understand how compilers work.

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• Loading page all content and scripts inside another

  - by Robin I Knight

  If you go to this page on our website: http://www.divethegap.com/scuba-diving-programmes-dive-the-gap/dahab-divemaster-training.html The buttons at the bottom that say 'Beginner' 'Open Water Diver' etc.... They take you to another page where you have a series of options and can book. We would like it so that rather than have to navigate to another page it loaded those options and all the scripts that make the calculations in a div on the first page. Depending on which button you press depends on which page it would load inside the div. IFrame does not work as it does not dynamically resize when the collapsible panels are opened. AJAX script at dynamic drive. http://www.dynamicdrive.com/dynamicindex17/ajaxcontent.htm does not work as none of the collapsible panels work, nor does the calculation script. How can this be done. To sum it up it would be like turning the buttons at the bottom of the page into tabs that would display the content from the pages those buttons currently link through to. Is this possible.

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• Technology and language for a stable Digital Audio Workstation development

  - by Kill KRT

  Hi, I'm designing a cross platform (Windows/Linux/OS X) application, something like a digital audio workstation. I'd like to create a software where users have a fully featured sequencer (multiple tracks with automation) and where it is possible to create instruments using a visual language (as Pure Data/Max MSP). Ehm... I know that I've already posted a question about a related issue... But in order to decide which technology I should use, I think I'd better to make more investigation. I'm a quite experted user of audio trackers (Renoise, Protracker,...) and sequencers (FL Studio, Cubase 5), but I didn't ever try to develop even a basic audio tracker. I know just the basic theory of mixing sound and know how basically a DSP works. My questions are: Where I can find a good tutorial/guide/book about this issue? Do you think using C# (with NAudio) could dramatically reduce performance? I know C++ would be the best choice, but I find C# so elegant and easy to build and port, while C++ is so powerful and fast, but there are too #define and bad things for my taste! ;-) Thank you.

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• Drag and Drop in Silverlight with F# and Asynchronous Workflows

  - by knotig

  Hello everyone! I'm trying to implement drag and drop in Silverlight using F# and asynchronous workflows. I'm simply trying to drag around a rectangle on the canvas, using two loops for the the two states (waiting and dragging), an idea I got from Tomas Petricek's book "Real-world Functional Programming", but I ran into a problem: Unlike WPF or WinForms, Silverlight's MouseEventArgs do not carry information about the button state, so I can't return from the drag-loop by checking if the left mouse button is no longer pressed. I only managed to solve this by introducing a mutable flag. Would anyone have a solution for this, that does not involve mutable state? Here's the relevant code part (please excuse the sloppy dragging code, which snaps the rectangle to the mouse pointer): type MainPage() as this = inherit UserControl() do Application.LoadComponent(this, new System.Uri("/SilverlightApplication1;component/Page.xaml", System.UriKind.Relative)) let layoutRoot : Canvas = downcast this.FindName("LayoutRoot") let rectangle1 : Rectangle = downcast this.FindName("Rectangle1") let mutable isDragged = false do rectangle1.MouseLeftButtonUp.Add(fun _ -> isDragged <- false) let rec drag() = async { let! args = layoutRoot.MouseMove |> Async.AwaitEvent if (isDragged) then Canvas.SetLeft(rectangle1, args.GetPosition(layoutRoot).X) Canvas.SetTop(rectangle1, args.GetPosition(layoutRoot).Y) return! drag() else return() } let wait() = async { while true do let! args = Async.AwaitEvent rectangle1.MouseLeftButtonDown isDragged <- true do! drag() } Async.StartImmediate(wait()) () Thank you very much for your time!

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• Access 2007 and Special/Unicode Characters in SQL

  - by blockcipher

  I have a small Access 2007 database that I need to be able to import data from an existing spreadsheet and put it into our new relational model. For the most part this seems to work pretty well. Part of the process is attempting to see if a record already exists in a target table using SQL. For example, if I extract book information out of the current row in the spreadsheet, it may contain a title and abstract. I use SQL to get the ID of a matching record, if it exists. This works fine except when I have data that's in a non-English language. In this case, it seems that there is some punctuation that is causing me problems. At least I think it's punctuation as I do have some fields that do not have punctuation and are non-English that do not give me any problems. Is there a built-in function that can escape these characters? Currently I have a small function that will escape the single quote character, but that isn't enough. Or, is there a list of Unicode characters that can interfere with how SQL wants data quoted? Thanks in advance.

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• How to learn how to program?

  - by twinbornJoint

  I would like to know the best methods for learning to program. I've been directed towards the Python language because I was told it is good for beginners. I ultimately want to make games for OS X/iPhone. My problem is that I understand what I read but I can't apply my knowledge to anything. I am a programming noob. Should I stick with Python? (is there a better language I should be learning?) Where can I learn programming theory? I get very hyper when reading my book sometimes, any tips on staying calm and focusing? What are effective ways to learn how to program? Are there standard exercises for programming? (I feel solving problems helps my understanding immensely) Ultimately I feel like I am in a never ending tunnel that leads me no where. It feels like I am just completely unable to pursue anything in the world of programming, yet it is something I want to do very much. Thanks.

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• how to check null value of Integer type field in ASP.NET MVC view?

  - by Vikas

  Hi, I have integer type field in database which is having property "Not Null". when i create a view & do a validation, if i left that field blank, it will consider it as 0 so i can not compare it with 0 because if someone insert a value 0 then it will be considered as error! one another problem is that i am using Model error as described in the book "ASP.NET MVC 1.0" @ Scott Gu blog. And I am checking the value in partial class of object (created by LINQ-To-SQL). i.e public partial class Person { public bool IsValid { get { return (GetRuleViolations().Count() == 0); } } public IEnumerable<RuleViolation> GetRuleViolations() { if (String.IsNullOrEmpty(Name)) yield return new RuleViolation("Name is Required", "Name"); if (Age == 0) yield return new RuleViolation("Age is Required", "Age"); yield break; } partial void OnValidate(ChangeAction action) { if (!IsValid) throw new ApplicationException("Rule violations prevent saving"); } } There is also problem with range. Like in database if i declared as smallint i.e. short in c#, now if i exceed that range then it gives error as "A Value is reguired". so finally is there any best way for validation in ASP.NET MVC?

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• csrf error in django

  - by niklasfi

  Hello, I want to realize a login for my site. I basically copied and pasted the following bits from the Django Book together. However I still get an error (CSRF verification failed. Request aborted.), when submitting my registration form. Can somebody tell my what raised this error and how to fix it? Here is my code: views.py: # Create your views here. from django import forms from django.contrib.auth.forms import UserCreationForm from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect from django.shortcuts import render_to_response def register(request): if request.method == 'POST': form = UserCreationForm(request.POST) if form.is_valid(): new_user = form.save() return HttpResponseRedirect("/books/") else: form = UserCreationForm() return render_to_response("registration/register.html", { 'form': form, }) register.html: <html> <body> {% block title %}Create an account{% endblock %} {% block content %} <h1>Create an account</h1> <form action="" method="post">{% csrf_token %} {{ form.as_p }} <input type="submit" value="Create the account"> </form> {% endblock %} </body> </html>

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• Lookup table size reduction

  - by Ryan

  Hello: I have an application in which I have to store a couple of millions of integers, I have to store them in a Look up table, obviously I cannot store such amount of data in memory and in my requirements I am very limited I have to store the data in an embebedded system so I am very limited in the space, so I would like to ask you about recommended methods that I can use for the reduction of the look up table. I cannot use function approximation such as neural networks, the values needs to be in a table. The range of the integers is not known at the moment. When I say integers I mean a 32 bit value. Basically the idea is use some copmpression method to reduce the amount of memory but without losing many precision. This thing needs to run in hardware so the computation overhead cannot be very high. In my algorithm I have to access to one value of the table do some operations with it and after update the value. In the end what I should have is a function which I pass an index to it and then I get a value, and after I have to use another function to write a value in the table. I found one called tile coding http://www.cs.ualberta.ca/~sutton/book/8/node6.html, this one is based on several look up tables, does anyone know any other method?. Thanks.

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• (500) Internal Server Error with C# and Web Dev 2008 Express

  - by user32848

  The code below is generic, found in a variety of places, including a book I have. I have used it as a base for a working program in VS 2005. Now I've resurrected it with my current Visual Web Developer 2008 Express Edition and I seem to have problems connecting it to my default development server (I don't have IIS on my XP). The error is: (500) Internal Server Error. Is this saying what I thought it did (above) or something else, and how do I solve this problem? using System; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Configuration; using System.IO; using System.Net; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Security; using System.Web.UI; using System.Web.UI.WebControls; using System.Web.UI.WebControls.WebParts; using System.Web.UI.HtmlControls; using System.Text.RegularExpressions; public partial class _Default : System.Web.UI.Page { protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e) { string strResult = ""; string url = "http://weather.unisys.com"; WebResponse objResponse; WebRequest objRequest; try { objRequest = System.Net.HttpWebRequest.Create(url); } catch { objRequest = System.Net.HttpWebRequest.Create("http://"+ url); } objResponse = objRequest.GetResponse(); using (StreamReader sr = new StreamReader(objResponse.GetResponseStream())) { strResult = sr.ReadToEnd(); sr.Close(); } } }

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• PHP gettext on Windows

  - by Axsuul

  There's some tutorials out there for gettext (w/ Poedit)... unfortunately, it's mostly for a UNIX environment. And even more unfortunate is that I am running my WAMP server on Windows XP (but I am developing for a UNIX environment) and none of the tutorials can get gettext working properly for me. From the man page (http://us3.php.net/manual/en/book.gettext.php), it appears that it's a different process on a Windows environment. I've tried out some of the solutions in the comments but I still can't get it to work! Please, I've spent many hours on this, hopefully someone can point me in the right direction to get this thing to work! (and I'm sure there are others out there who share my frustration). So far with my setup, I'm only getting output "Hello World!" whereas I should be getting the translated string. Here is my setup/code so far: <?php // test.php if (!defined('LC_MESSAGES')) { define('LC_MESSAGES', 6); } $locale = "deu_DEU"; // apparently the locales are different on a WINDOWS platform putenv("LC_ALL=$locale"); setlocale(LC_ALL, $locale); bindtextdomain("greetings", ".\locale"); textdomain("greetings"); echo _("Hello World"); ?> Folder structure root: C:\Program Files\WampServer 2\www test.php: C:\Program Files\WampServer 2\www\site .po: C:\Program Files\WampServer 2\www\site\locale\deu_DEU\LC_MESSAGES\greetings.po .mo: C:\Program Files\WampServer 2\www\site\locale\deu_DEU\LC_MESSAGES\greetings.mo Please advise! Thanks for your time :)

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• Creation of Objects: Constructors or Static Factory Methods

  - by Rachel

  I am going through Effective Java and some of my things which I consider as standard are not suggested by the book, for instance creation of object, I was under the impression that constructors are the best way of doing it and books says we should make use of static factory methods, I am not able to few some advantages and so disadvantages and so am asking this question, here are the benefits of using it. Advantages: One advantage of static factory methods is that, unlike constructors, they have names. A second advantage of static factory methods is that, unlike constructors, they are not required to create a new object each time they’re invoked. A third advantage of static factory methods is that, unlike constructors, they can return an object of any subtype of their return type. A fourth advantage of static factory methods is that they reduce the verbosity of creating parameterized type instances. I am not able to understand this advantage and would appreciate if someone can explain this point Disadvantages: The main disadvantage of providing only static factory methods is that classes without public or protected constructors cannot be subclassed. A second disadvantage of static factory methods is that they are not readily distinguishable from other static methods.I am not getting this point and so would really appreciate some explanation. Reference: Effective Java, Joshua Bloch, Edition 2, pg: 5-10 Also, How to decide to use whether to go for Constructor or Static Factory Method for Object Creation ?

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• Extending URIs with 2 queries (i.e. 'viewauthorbooks.php?authorid=4' AND 'orderby=returndate") Possi

  - by Jess

  I have a link in my system as displayed above; 'viewauthorbooks.php?authorid=4' which works fine and generates a page displaying the books only associated with the particular author. However I am implementing another feature where the user can sort the columns (return date, book name etc) and I am using the ORDER BY SQL clause. I have this also working as required for other pages, which do not already have another query in the URI. But for this particular page there is already a paramter returned in the URL, and I am having difficulty in extending it. When the user clicks on the a table column title I'm getting an error, and the original author ID is being lost!! This is the URI link I am trying to use: <th><a href="viewauthorbooks.php?authorid=<?php echo $row['authorid']?>&orderby=returndate">Return Date</a></th> This is so that the data can be sorted in order of Return Date. When I run this; the author ID gets lost for some reason, also I want to know if I am using correct layout to have 2 parameters run in the address? Thanks.

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• Java Concurrency in practice sample question

  - by andy boot

  I am reading "Java Concurrency in practice" and looking at the example code on page 51. According to the book this piece of code is at risk of of failure if it has not been published properly. Because I like to code examples and break them to prove how they work. I have tried to make it throw an AssertionError but have failed. (Leading me to my previous question) Can anyone post sample code so that an AssertionError is thrown? Rule: Do not modify the Holder class. public class Holder{ private int n; public Holder(int n){ this.n = n; } public void assertSanity(){ if (n != n) { throw new AssertionError("This statement is false"); } } } I have modified the class to make it more fragile but I still can not get an AssertionError thrown. class Holder2{ private int n; private int n2; public Holder2(int n) throws InterruptedException{ this.n = n; Thread.sleep(200); this.n2 = n; } public void assertSanity(){ if (n != n2) { throw new AssertionError("This statement is false"); } } } Is it possible to make either of the above classes throw an AssertionError? Or do we have to accept that they may occasionally do so and we can't write code to prove it?

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