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  • Behavior Driven Development (BDD) and DevExpress XAF

    - by Patrick Liekhus
    So in my previous posts I showed you how I used EDMX to quickly build my business objects within XPO and XAF.  But how do you test whether your business objects are actually doing what you want and verify that your business logic is correct?  Well I was reading my monthly MSDN magazine last last year and came across an article about using SpecFlow and WatiN to build BDD tests.  So why not use these same techniques to write SpecFlow style scripts and have them generate EasyTest scripts for use with XAF.  Let me outline and show a few things below.  I plan on releasing this code in a short while, I just wanted to preview what I was thinking. Before we begin… First, if you have not read the article in MSDN, here is the link to the article that I found my inspiration.  It covers the overview of BDD vs. TDD, how to write some of the SpecFlow syntax and how use the “Steps” logic to create your own tests. Second, if you have not heard of EasyTest from DevExpress I strongly recommend you review it here.  It basically takes the power of XAF and the beauty of your application and allows you to create text based files to execute automated commands within your application. Why would we do this?  Because as you will see below, the cucumber syntax is easier for business analysts to interpret and digest the business rules from.  You can find most of the information you will need on Cucumber syntax within The Secret Ninja Cucumber Scrolls located here.  The basics of the syntax are that Given X When Y Then Z.  For example, Given I am at the login screen When I enter my login credentials Then I expect to see the home screen.  Pretty easy syntax to follow. Finally, we will need to download and install SpecFlow.  You can find it on their website here.  Once you have this installed then let’s write our first test. Let’s get started… So where to start.  Create a new testing project within your solution.  I typically call this with a similar naming convention as used by XAF, my project name .FunctionalTests (i.e.  AlbumManager.FunctionalTests).  Remove the basic test that is created for you.  We will not use the default test but rather create our own SpecFlow “Feature” files.  Add a new item to your project and select the SpecFlow Feature file under C#.  Name your feature file as you do your class files after the test they are performing. Now you can crack open your new feature file and write the actual test.  Make sure to have your Ninja Scrolls from above as it provides valuable resources on how to write your test syntax.  In this test below you can see how I defined the documentation in the Feature section.  This is strictly for our purposes of readability and do not effect the test.  The next section is the Scenario Outline which is considered a test template.  You can see the brackets <> around the fields that will be filled in for each test.  So in the example below you can see that Given I am starting a new test and the application is open.  This means I want a new EasyTest file and the windows application generated by XAF is open.  Next When I am at the Albums screen tells XAF to navigate to the Albums list view.  And I click the New:Album button, tells XAF to click the new button on the list grid.  And I enter the following information tells XAF which fields to complete with the mapped values.  And I click the Save and Close button causes the record to be saved and the detail form to be closed.  Then I verify results tests the input data against what is visible in the grid to ensure that your record was created. The Scenarios section gives each test a unique name and then fills in the values for each test.  This way you can use the same test to make multiple passes with different data. Almost there.  Now we must save the feature file and the BDD tests will be written using standard unit test syntax.  This is all handled for you by SpecFlow so just save the file.  What you will see in your Test List Editor is a unit test for each of the above scenarios you just built. You can now use standard unit testing frameworks to execute the test as you desire.  As you would expect then, these BDD SpecFlow tests can be automated into your build process to ensure that your business requirements are satisfied each and every time. How does it work? What we have done is to intercept the testing logic at runtime to interpret the SpecFlow syntax into EasyTest syntax.  This is the basic StepDefinitions that we are working on now.  We expect to put these on CodePlex within the next few days.  You can always override and make your own rules as you see fit for your project.  Follow the MSDN magazine above to start your own.  You can see part of our implementation below. As you can gather from the MSDN article and the code sample below, we have created our own common rules to build the above syntax. The code implementation for these rules basically saves your information from the feature file into an EasyTest file format.  It then executes the EasyTest file and parses the XML results of the test.  If the test succeeds the test is passed.  If the test fails, the EasyTest failure message is logged and the screen shot (as captured by EasyTest) is saved for your review. Again we are working on getting this code ready for mass consumption, but at this time it is not ready.  We will post another message when it is ready with all details about usage and setup. Thanks

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  • Secure Your Wireless Router: 8 Things You Can Do Right Now

    - by Chris Hoffman
    A security researcher recently discovered a backdoor in many D-Link routers, allowing anyone to access the router without knowing the username or password. This isn’t the first router security issue and won’t be the last. To protect yourself, you should ensure that your router is configured securely. This is about more than just enabling Wi-Fi encryption and not hosting an open Wi-Fi network. Disable Remote Access Routers offer a web interface, allowing you to configure them through a browser. The router runs a web server and makes this web page available when you’re on the router’s local network. However, most routers offer a “remote access” feature that allows you to access this web interface from anywhere in the world. Even if you set a username and password, if you have a D-Link router affected by this vulnerability, anyone would be able to log in without any credentials. If you have remote access disabled, you’d be safe from people remotely accessing your router and tampering with it. To do this, open your router’s web interface and look for the “Remote Access,” “Remote Administration,” or “Remote Management” feature. Ensure it’s disabled — it should be disabled by default on most routers, but it’s good to check. Update the Firmware Like our operating systems, web browsers, and every other piece of software we use, router software isn’t perfect. The router’s firmware — essentially the software running on the router — may have security flaws. Router manufacturers may release firmware updates that fix such security holes, although they quickly discontinue support for most routers and move on to the next models. Unfortunately, most routers don’t have an auto-update feature like Windows and our web browsers do — you have to check your router manufacturer’s website for a firmware update and install it manually via the router’s web interface. Check to be sure your router has the latest available firmware installed. Change Default Login Credentials Many routers have default login credentials that are fairly obvious, such as the password “admin”. If someone gained access to your router’s web interface through some sort of vulnerability or just by logging onto your Wi-Fi network, it would be easy to log in and tamper with the router’s settings. To avoid this, change the router’s password to a non-default password that an attacker couldn’t easily guess. Some routers even allow you to change the username you use to log into your router. Lock Down Wi-Fi Access If someone gains access to your Wi-Fi network, they could attempt to tamper with your router — or just do other bad things like snoop on your local file shares or use your connection to downloaded copyrighted content and get you in trouble. Running an open Wi-Fi network can be dangerous. To prevent this, ensure your router’s Wi-Fi is secure. This is pretty simple: Set it to use WPA2 encryption and use a reasonably secure passphrase. Don’t use the weaker WEP encryption or set an obvious passphrase like “password”. Disable UPnP A variety of UPnP flaws have been found in consumer routers. Tens of millions of consumer routers respond to UPnP requests from the Internet, allowing attackers on the Internet to remotely configure your router. Flash applets in your browser could use UPnP to open ports, making your computer more vulnerable. UPnP is fairly insecure for a variety of reasons. To avoid UPnP-based problems, disable UPnP on your router via its web interface. If you use software that needs ports forwarded — such as a BitTorrent client, game server, or communications program — you’ll have to forward ports on your router without relying on UPnP. Log Out of the Router’s Web Interface When You’re Done Configuring It Cross site scripting (XSS) flaws have been found in some routers. A router with such an XSS flaw could be controlled by a malicious web page, allowing the web page to configure settings while you’re logged in. If your router is using its default username and password, it would be easy for the malicious web page to gain access. Even if you changed your router’s password, it would be theoretically possible for a website to use your logged-in session to access your router and modify its settings. To prevent this, just log out of your router when you’re done configuring it — if you can’t do that, you may want to clear your browser cookies. This isn’t something to be too paranoid about, but logging out of your router when you’re done using it is a quick and easy thing to do. Change the Router’s Local IP Address If you’re really paranoid, you may be able to change your router’s local IP address. For example, if its default address is 192.168.0.1, you could change it to 192.168.0.150. If the router itself were vulnerable and some sort of malicious script in your web browser attempted to exploit a cross site scripting vulnerability, accessing known-vulnerable routers at their local IP address and tampering with them, the attack would fail. This step isn’t completely necessary, especially since it wouldn’t protect against local attackers — if someone were on your network or software was running on your PC, they’d be able to determine your router’s IP address and connect to it. Install Third-Party Firmwares If you’re really worried about security, you could also install a third-party firmware such as DD-WRT or OpenWRT. You won’t find obscure back doors added by the router’s manufacturer in these alternative firmwares. Consumer routers are shaping up to be a perfect storm of security problems — they’re not automatically updated with new security patches, they’re connected directly to the Internet, manufacturers quickly stop supporting them, and many consumer routers seem to be full of bad code that leads to UPnP exploits and easy-to-exploit backdoors. It’s smart to take some basic precautions. Image Credit: Nuscreen on Flickr     

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  • Configuring Fed Authentication Methods in OIF / IdP

    - by Damien Carru
    In this article, I will provide examples on how to configure OIF/IdP to map OAM Authentication Schemes to Federation Authentication Methods, based on the concepts introduced in my previous entry. I will show examples for the three protocols supported by OIF: SAML 2.0 SSO SAML 1.1 SSO OpenID 2.0 Enjoy the reading! Configuration As I mentioned in my previous article, mapping Federation Authentication Methods to OAM Authentication Schemes is protocol dependent, since the methods are defined in the various protocols (SAML 2.0, SAML 1.1, OpenID 2.0). As such, the WLST commands to set those mappings will involve: Either the SP Partner Profile and affect all Partners referencing that profile, which do not override the Federation Authentication Method to OAM Authentication Scheme mappings Or the SP Partner entry, which will only affect the SP Partner It is important to note that if an SP Partner is configured to define one or more Federation Authentication Method to OAM Authentication Scheme mappings, then all the mappings defined in the SP Partner Profile will be ignored. WLST Commands The two OIF WLST commands that can be used to define mapping Federation Authentication Methods to OAM Authentication Schemes are: addSPPartnerProfileAuthnMethod() to define a mapping on an SP Partner Profile, taking as parameters: The name of the SP Partner Profile The Federation Authentication Method The OAM Authentication Scheme name addSPPartnerAuthnMethod() to define a mapping on an SP Partner , taking as parameters: The name of the SP Partner The Federation Authentication Method The OAM Authentication Scheme name Note: I will discuss in a subsequent article the other parameters of those commands. In the next sections, I will show examples on how to use those methods: For SAML 2.0, I will configure the SP Partner Profile, that will apply all the mappings to SP Partners referencing this profile, unless they override mapping definition For SAML 1.1, I will configure the SP Partner. For OpenID 2.0, I will configure the SP/RP Partner SAML 2.0 Test Setup In this setup, OIF is acting as an IdP and is integrated with a remote SAML 2.0 SP partner identified by AcmeSP. In this test, I will perform Federation SSO with OIF/IdP configured to: Use LDAPScheme as the Authentication Scheme Use BasicScheme as the Authentication Scheme Map BasicSessionScheme  to  the urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:Password Federation Authentication Method Use OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme as the Authentication Scheme Map OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme to  the urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:PasswordProtectedTransport Federation Authentication Method LDAPScheme as Authentication Scheme Using the OOTB settings regarding user authentication in OAM, the user will be challenged via a FORM based login page based on the LDAPScheme. Also the default Federation Authentication Method mappings configuration maps only the urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:PasswordProtectedTransport to LDAPScheme (also marked as the default scheme used for authentication), FAAuthScheme, BasicScheme and BasicFAScheme. After authentication via FORM, OIF/IdP would issue an Assertion similar to: <samlp:Response ...>    <saml:Issuer ...>https://idp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>    <samlp:Status>        <samlp:StatusCode Value="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:status:Success"/>    </samlp:Status>    <saml:Assertion ...>        <saml:Issuer ...>https://idp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>        <dsig:Signature>            ...        </dsig:Signature>        <saml:Subject>            <saml:NameID ...>[email protected]</saml:NameID>            <saml:SubjectConfirmation Method="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:cm:bearer">                <saml:SubjectConfirmationData .../>            </saml:SubjectConfirmation>        </saml:Subject>        <saml:Conditions ...>            <saml:AudienceRestriction>                <saml:Audience>https://acme.com/sp</saml:Audience>            </saml:AudienceRestriction>        </saml:Conditions>        <saml:AuthnStatement AuthnInstant="2014-03-21T20:53:55Z" SessionIndex="id-6i-Dm0yB-HekG6cejktwcKIFMzYE8Yrmqwfd0azz" SessionNotOnOrAfter="2014-03-21T21:53:55Z">            <saml:AuthnContext>                <saml:AuthnContextClassRef>                   urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:PasswordProtectedTransport                </saml:AuthnContextClassRef>            </saml:AuthnContext>        </saml:AuthnStatement>    </saml:Assertion></samlp:Response> BasicScheme as Authentication Scheme For this test, I will switch the default Authentication Scheme for the SP Partner Profile to BasicScheme instead of LDAPScheme. I will use the OIF WLST setSPPartnerProfileDefaultScheme() command and specify which scheme to be used as the default for the SP Partner Profile referenced by AcmeSP (which is saml20-sp-partner-profile in this case: getFedPartnerProfile("AcmeSP", "sp") ): Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the setSPPartnerProfileDefaultScheme() command:setSPPartnerProfileDefaultScheme("saml20-sp-partner-profile", "BasicScheme") Exit the WLST environment:exit() The user will now be challenged via HTTP Basic Authentication defined in the BasicScheme for AcmeSP. Also, as noted earlier, the default Federation Authentication Method mappings configuration maps only the urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:PasswordProtectedTransport to LDAPScheme (also marked as the default scheme used for authentication), FAAuthScheme, BasicScheme and BasicFAScheme. After authentication via HTTP Basic Authentication, OIF/IdP would issue an Assertion similar to: <samlp:Response ...>    <saml:Issuer ...>https://idp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>    <samlp:Status>        <samlp:StatusCode Value="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:status:Success"/>    </samlp:Status>    <saml:Assertion ...>        <saml:Issuer ...>https://idp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>        <dsig:Signature>            ...        </dsig:Signature>        <saml:Subject>            <saml:NameID ...>[email protected]</saml:NameID>            <saml:SubjectConfirmation Method="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:cm:bearer">                <saml:SubjectConfirmationData .../>            </saml:SubjectConfirmation>        </saml:Subject>        <saml:Conditions ...>            <saml:AudienceRestriction>                <saml:Audience>https://acme.com/sp</saml:Audience>            </saml:AudienceRestriction>        </saml:Conditions>        <saml:AuthnStatement AuthnInstant="2014-03-21T20:53:55Z" SessionIndex="id-6i-Dm0yB-HekG6cejktwcKIFMzYE8Yrmqwfd0azz" SessionNotOnOrAfter="2014-03-21T21:53:55Z">            <saml:AuthnContext>                <saml:AuthnContextClassRef>                   urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:PasswordProtectedTransport                </saml:AuthnContextClassRef>            </saml:AuthnContext>        </saml:AuthnStatement>    </saml:Assertion></samlp:Response> Mapping BasicScheme To change the Federation Authentication Method mapping for the BasicScheme to urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:Password instead of urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:PasswordProtectedTransport for the saml20-sp-partner-profile SAML 2.0 SP Partner Profile (the profile to which my AcmeSP Partner is bound to), I will execute the addSPPartnerProfileAuthnMethod() method: Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the addSPPartnerProfileAuthnMethod() command:addSPPartnerProfileAuthnMethod("saml20-sp-partner-profile", "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:Password", "BasicScheme") Exit the WLST environment:exit() After authentication via HTTP Basic Authentication, OIF/IdP would now issue an Assertion similar to (see that the AuthnContextClassRef was changed from PasswordProtectedTransport to Password): <samlp:Response ...>    <saml:Issuer ...>https://idp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>    <samlp:Status>        <samlp:StatusCode Value="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:status:Success"/>    </samlp:Status>    <saml:Assertion ...>        <saml:Issuer ...>https://idp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>        <dsig:Signature>            ...        </dsig:Signature>        <saml:Subject>            <saml:NameID ...>[email protected]</saml:NameID>            <saml:SubjectConfirmation Method="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:cm:bearer">                <saml:SubjectConfirmationData .../>            </saml:SubjectConfirmation>        </saml:Subject>        <saml:Conditions ...>            <saml:AudienceRestriction>                <saml:Audience>https://acme.com/sp</saml:Audience>            </saml:AudienceRestriction>        </saml:Conditions>        <saml:AuthnStatement AuthnInstant="2014-03-21T20:53:55Z" SessionIndex="id-6i-Dm0yB-HekG6cejktwcKIFMzYE8Yrmqwfd0azz" SessionNotOnOrAfter="2014-03-21T21:53:55Z">            <saml:AuthnContext>                <saml:AuthnContextClassRef>                   urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:Password                </saml:AuthnContextClassRef>            </saml:AuthnContext>        </saml:AuthnStatement>    </saml:Assertion></samlp:Response> OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme as Authentication Scheme For this test, I will switch the default Authentication Scheme for the SP Partner Profile to OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme instead of BasicScheme. I will use the OIF WLST setSPPartnerProfileDefaultScheme() command and specify which scheme to be used as the default for the SP Partner Profile referenced by AcmeSP (which is saml20-sp-partner-profile in this case: getFedPartnerProfile("AcmeSP", "sp") ): Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the setSPPartnerProfileDefaultScheme() command:setSPPartnerProfileDefaultScheme("saml20-sp-partner-profile", "OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme") Exit the WLST environment:exit() The user will now be challenged via FORM defined in the OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme for AcmeSP. Contrarily to LDAPScheme and BasicScheme, the OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme is not mapped by default to any Federation Authentication Methods. As such, OIF/IdP will not be able to find a Federation Authentication Method and will set the method in the SAML Assertion to the OAM Authentication Scheme name. After authentication via FORM, OIF/IdP would issue an Assertion similar to (see the AuthnContextClassRef set to OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme): <samlp:Response ...>    <saml:Issuer ...>https://idp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>    <samlp:Status>        <samlp:StatusCode Value="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:status:Success"/>    </samlp:Status>    <saml:Assertion ...>        <saml:Issuer ...>https://idp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>        <dsig:Signature>            ...        </dsig:Signature>        <saml:Subject>            <saml:NameID ...>[email protected]</saml:NameID>            <saml:SubjectConfirmation Method="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:cm:bearer">                <saml:SubjectConfirmationData .../>            </saml:SubjectConfirmation>        </saml:Subject>        <saml:Conditions ...>            <saml:AudienceRestriction>                <saml:Audience>https://acme.com/sp</saml:Audience>            </saml:AudienceRestriction>        </saml:Conditions>        <saml:AuthnStatement AuthnInstant="2014-03-21T20:53:55Z" SessionIndex="id-6i-Dm0yB-HekG6cejktwcKIFMzYE8Yrmqwfd0azz" SessionNotOnOrAfter="2014-03-21T21:53:55Z">            <saml:AuthnContext>                <saml:AuthnContextClassRef> OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme                </saml:AuthnContextClassRef>            </saml:AuthnContext>        </saml:AuthnStatement>    </saml:Assertion></samlp:Response> Mapping OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme To add the OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme  to the Federation Authentication Method urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:PasswordProtectedTransport mapping, I will execute the addSPPartnerProfileAuthnMethod() method: Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the addSPPartnerProfileAuthnMethod() command:addSPPartnerProfileAuthnMethod("saml20-sp-partner-profile", "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:PasswordProtectedTransport", "OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme") Exit the WLST environment:exit() After authentication via FORM, OIF/IdP would now issue an Assertion similar to (see that the method was changed from OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme to PasswordProtectedTransport): <samlp:Response ...>    <saml:Issuer ...>https://idp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>    <samlp:Status>        <samlp:StatusCode Value="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:status:Success"/>    </samlp:Status>    <saml:Assertion ...>        <saml:Issuer ...>https://idp.com/oam/fed</saml:Issuer>        <dsig:Signature>            ...        </dsig:Signature>        <saml:Subject>            <saml:NameID ...>[email protected]</saml:NameID>            <saml:SubjectConfirmation Method="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:cm:bearer">                <saml:SubjectConfirmationData .../>            </saml:SubjectConfirmation>        </saml:Subject>        <saml:Conditions ...>            <saml:AudienceRestriction>                <saml:Audience>https://acme.com/sp</saml:Audience>            </saml:AudienceRestriction>        </saml:Conditions>        <saml:AuthnStatement AuthnInstant="2014-03-21T20:53:55Z" SessionIndex="id-6i-Dm0yB-HekG6cejktwcKIFMzYE8Yrmqwfd0azz" SessionNotOnOrAfter="2014-03-21T21:53:55Z">            <saml:AuthnContext>                <saml:AuthnContextClassRef>                   urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:PasswordProtectedTransport                </saml:AuthnContextClassRef>            </saml:AuthnContext>        </saml:AuthnStatement>    </saml:Assertion></samlp:Response> SAML 1.1 Test Setup In this setup, OIF is acting as an IdP and is integrated with a remote SAML 1.1 SP partner identified by AcmeSP. In this test, I will perform Federation SSO with OIF/IdP configured to: Use LDAPScheme as the Authentication Scheme Use OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme as the Authentication Scheme Map OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme to  the urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:PasswordProtectedTransport Federation Authentication Method Use LDAPScheme as the Authentication Scheme Map LDAPScheme to  the urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:2.0:ac:classes:PasswordProtectedTransport Federation Authentication Method LDAPScheme as Authentication Scheme Using the OOTB settings regarding user authentication in OAM, the user will be challenged via a FORM based login page based on the LDAPScheme. Also the default Federation Authentication Method mappings configuration maps only the urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:am:password to LDAPScheme (also marked as the default scheme used for authentication), FAAuthScheme, BasicScheme and BasicFAScheme. After authentication via FORM, OIF/IdP would issue an Assertion similar to: <samlp:Response ...>    <samlp:Status>        <samlp:StatusCode Value="samlp:Success"/>    </samlp:Status>    <saml:Assertion Issuer="https://idp.com/oam/fed" ...>        <saml:Conditions ...>            <saml:AudienceRestriction>                <saml:Audience>https://acme.com/sp/ssov11</saml:Audience>            </saml:AudienceRestriction>        </saml:Conditions>        <saml:AuthnStatement AuthenticationInstant="2014-03-21T20:53:55Z" AuthenticationMethod="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:am:password">            <saml:Subject>                <saml:NameIdentifier ...>[email protected]</saml:NameIdentifier>                <saml:SubjectConfirmation>                   <saml:ConfirmationMethod>                       urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:cm:bearer                   </saml:ConfirmationMethod>                </saml:SubjectConfirmation>            </saml:Subject>        </saml:AuthnStatement>        <dsig:Signature>            ...        </dsig:Signature>    </saml:Assertion></samlp:Response> OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme as Authentication Scheme For this test, I will switch the default Authentication Scheme for the SP Partner to OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme instead of LDAPScheme. I will use the OIF WLST setSPPartnerDefaultScheme() command and specify which scheme to be used as the default for the SP Partner: Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the setSPPartnerDefaultScheme() command:setSPPartnerDefaultScheme("AcmeSP", "OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme") Exit the WLST environment:exit() The user will be challenged via FORM defined in the OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme for AcmeSP. Contrarily to LDAPScheme, the OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme is not mapped by default to any Federation Authentication Methods (in the SP Partner Profile). As such, OIF/IdP will not be able to find a Federation Authentication Method and will set the method in the SAML Assertion to the OAM Authentication Scheme name. After authentication via FORM, OIF/IdP would issue an Assertion similar to (see the AuthenticationMethod set to OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme): <samlp:Response ...>    <samlp:Status>        <samlp:StatusCode Value="samlp:Success"/>    </samlp:Status>    <saml:Assertion Issuer="https://idp.com/oam/fed" ...>        <saml:Conditions ...>            <saml:AudienceRestriction>                <saml:Audience>https://acme.com/sp/ssov11</saml:Audience>            </saml:AudienceRestriction>        </saml:Conditions>        <saml:AuthnStatement AuthenticationInstant="2014-03-21T20:53:55Z" AuthenticationMethod="OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme">            <saml:Subject>                <saml:NameIdentifier ...>[email protected]</saml:NameIdentifier>                <saml:SubjectConfirmation>                   <saml:ConfirmationMethod>                       urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:cm:bearer                   </saml:ConfirmationMethod>                </saml:SubjectConfirmation>            </saml:Subject>        </saml:AuthnStatement>        <dsig:Signature>            ...        </dsig:Signature>    </saml:Assertion></samlp:Response> Mapping OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme To map the OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme  to the Federation Authentication Method urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:am:password for this SP Partner only, I will execute the addSPPartnerAuthnMethod() method: Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the addSPPartnerAuthnMethod() command:addSPPartnerAuthnMethod("AcmeSP", "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:am:password", "OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme") Exit the WLST environment:exit() After authentication via FORM, OIF/IdP would now issue an Assertion similar to (see that the method was changed from OAMLDAPPluginAuthnScheme to password): <samlp:Response ...>    <samlp:Status>        <samlp:StatusCode Value="samlp:Success"/>    </samlp:Status>    <saml:Assertion Issuer="https://idp.com/oam/fed" ...>        <saml:Conditions ...>            <saml:AudienceRestriction>                <saml:Audience>https://acme.com/sp/ssov11</saml:Audience>            </saml:AudienceRestriction>        </saml:Conditions>        <saml:AuthnStatement AuthenticationInstant="2014-03-21T20:53:55Z" AuthenticationMethod="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:am:password">            <saml:Subject>                <saml:NameIdentifier ...>[email protected]</saml:NameIdentifier>                <saml:SubjectConfirmation>                   <saml:ConfirmationMethod>                       urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:cm:bearer                   </saml:ConfirmationMethod>                </saml:SubjectConfirmation>            </saml:Subject>        </saml:AuthnStatement>        <dsig:Signature>            ...        </dsig:Signature>    </saml:Assertion></samlp:Response> LDAPScheme as Authentication Scheme I will now show that by defining a Federation Authentication Mapping at the Partner level, this now ignores all mappings defined at the SP Partner Profile level. For this test, I will switch the default Authentication Scheme for this SP Partner back to LDAPScheme, and the Assertion issued by OIF/IdP will not be able to map this LDAPScheme to a Federation Authentication Method anymore, since A Federation Authentication Method mapping is defined at the SP Partner level and thus the mappings defined at the SP Partner Profile are ignored The LDAPScheme is not listed in the mapping at the Partner level I will use the OIF WLST setSPPartnerDefaultScheme() command and specify which scheme to be used as the default for this SP Partner: Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the setSPPartnerDefaultScheme() command:setSPPartnerDefaultScheme("AcmeSP", "LDAPScheme") Exit the WLST environment:exit() After authentication via FORM, OIF/IdP would issue an Assertion similar to (see the AuthenticationMethod set to LDAPScheme): <samlp:Response ...>    <samlp:Status>        <samlp:StatusCode Value="samlp:Success"/>    </samlp:Status>    <saml:Assertion Issuer="https://idp.com/oam/fed" ...>        <saml:Conditions ...>            <saml:AudienceRestriction>                <saml:Audience>https://acme.com/sp/ssov11</saml:Audience>            </saml:AudienceRestriction>        </saml:Conditions>        <saml:AuthnStatement AuthenticationInstant="2014-03-21T20:53:55Z" AuthenticationMethod="LDAPScheme">            <saml:Subject>                <saml:NameIdentifier ...>[email protected]</saml:NameIdentifier>                <saml:SubjectConfirmation>                   <saml:ConfirmationMethod>                       urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:cm:bearer                   </saml:ConfirmationMethod>                </saml:SubjectConfirmation>            </saml:Subject>        </saml:AuthnStatement>        <dsig:Signature>            ...        </dsig:Signature>    </saml:Assertion></samlp:Response> Mapping LDAPScheme at Partner Level To fix this issue, we will need to add the LDAPScheme  to the Federation Authentication Method urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:am:password mapping for this SP Partner only. I will execute the addSPPartnerAuthnMethod() method: Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the addSPPartnerAuthnMethod() command:addSPPartnerAuthnMethod("AcmeSP", "urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:am:password", "LDAPScheme") Exit the WLST environment:exit() After authentication via FORM, OIF/IdP would now issue an Assertion similar to (see that the method was changed from LDAPScheme to password): <samlp:Response ...>    <samlp:Status>        <samlp:StatusCode Value="samlp:Success"/>    </samlp:Status>    <saml:Assertion Issuer="https://idp.com/oam/fed" ...>        <saml:Conditions ...>            <saml:AudienceRestriction>                <saml:Audience>https://acme.com/sp/ssov11</saml:Audience>            </saml:AudienceRestriction>        </saml:Conditions>        <saml:AuthnStatement AuthenticationInstant="2014-03-21T20:53:55Z" AuthenticationMethod="urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:am:password">            <saml:Subject>                <saml:NameIdentifier ...>[email protected]</saml:NameIdentifier>                <saml:SubjectConfirmation>                   <saml:ConfirmationMethod>                       urn:oasis:names:tc:SAML:1.0:cm:bearer                   </saml:ConfirmationMethod>                </saml:SubjectConfirmation>            </saml:Subject>        </saml:AuthnStatement>        <dsig:Signature>            ...        </dsig:Signature>    </saml:Assertion></samlp:Response> OpenID 2.0 In the OpenID 2.0 flows, the RP must request use of PAPE, in order for OIF/IdP/OP to include PAPE information. For OpenID 2.0, the configuration will involve mapping a list of OpenID 2.0 policies to a list of Authentication Schemes. The WLST command will take a list of policies, delimited by the ',' character, instead of SAML 2.0 or SAML 1.1 where a single Federation Authentication Method had to be specified. Test Setup In this setup, OIF is acting as an IdP/OP and is integrated with a remote OpenID 2.0 SP/RP partner identified by AcmeRP. In this test, I will perform Federation SSO with OIF/IdP configured to: Use LDAPScheme as the Authentication Scheme Map LDAPScheme to  the http://schemas.openid.net/pape/policies/2007/06/phishing-resistant and http://openid-policies/password-protected policies Federation Authentication Methods (the second one is a custom for this use case) LDAPScheme as Authentication Scheme Using the OOTB settings regarding user authentication in OAM, the user will be challenged via a FORM based login page based on the LDAPScheme. No Federation Authentication Method is defined OOTB for OpenID 2.0, so if the IdP/OP issue an SSO response with a PAPE Response element, it will specify the scheme name instead of Federation Authentication Methods After authentication via FORM, OIF/IdP would issue an SSO Response similar to: https://acme.com/openid?refid=id-9PKVXZmRxAeDYcgLqPm36ClzOMA-&openid.ns=http%3A%2F%2Fspecs.openid.net%2Fauth%2F2.0&openid.mode=id_res&openid.op_endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fidp.com%2Fopenid&openid.claimed_id=https%3A%2F%2Fidp.com%2Fopenid%3Fid%3Did-38iCmmlAVEXPsFjnFVKArfn5RIiF75D5doorhEgqqPM%3D&openid.identity=https%3A%2F%2Fidp.com%2Fopenid%3Fid%3Did-38iCmmlAVEXPsFjnFVKArfn5RIiF75D5doorhEgqqPM%3D&openid.return_to=https%3A%2F%2Facme.com%2Fopenid%3Frefid%3Did-9PKVXZmRxAeDYcgLqPm36ClzOMA-&openid.response_nonce=2014-03-24T19%3A20%3A06Zid-YPa2kTNNFftZkgBb460jxJGblk2g--iNwPpDI7M1&openid.assoc_handle=id-6a5S6zhAKaRwQNUnjTKROREdAGSjWodG1el4xyz3&openid.ns.ax=http%3A%2F%2Fopenid.net%2Fsrv%2Fax%2F1.0&openid.ax.mode=fetch_response&openid.ax.type.attr0=http%3A%2F%2Fsession%2Fcount&openid.ax.value.attr0=1&openid.ax.type.attr1=http%3A%2F%2Fopenid.net%2Fschema%2FnamePerson%2Ffriendly&openid.ax.value.attr1=My+name+is+Bobby+Smith&openid.ax.type.attr2=http%3A%2F%2Fschemas.openid.net%2Fax%2Fapi%2Fuser_id&openid.ax.value.attr2=bob&openid.ax.type.attr3=http%3A%2F%2Faxschema.org%2Fcontact%2Femail&openid.ax.value.attr3=bob%40oracle.com&openid.ax.type.attr4=http%3A%2F%2Fsession%2Fipaddress&openid.ax.value.attr4=10.145.120.253&openid.ns.pape=http%3A%2F%2Fspecs.openid.net%2Fextensions%2Fpape%2F1.0&openid.pape.auth_time=2014-03-24T19%3A20%3A05Z&openid.pape.auth_policies=LDAPScheme&openid.signed=op_endpoint%2Cclaimed_id%2Cidentity%2Creturn_to%2Cresponse_nonce%2Cassoc_handle%2Cns.ax%2Cax.mode%2Cax.type.attr0%2Cax.value.attr0%2Cax.type.attr1%2Cax.value.attr1%2Cax.type.attr2%2Cax.value.attr2%2Cax.type.attr3%2Cax.value.attr3%2Cax.type.attr4%2Cax.value.attr4%2Cns.pape%2Cpape.auth_time%2Cpape.auth_policies&openid.sig=mYMgbGYSs22l8e%2FDom9NRPw15u8%3D Mapping LDAPScheme To map the LDAP Scheme to the http://schemas.openid.net/pape/policies/2007/06/phishing-resistant and http://openid-policies/password-protected policies Federation Authentication Methods, I will execute the addSPPartnerAuthnMethod() method (the policies will be comma separated): Enter the WLST environment by executing:$IAM_ORACLE_HOME/common/bin/wlst.sh Connect to the WLS Admin server:connect() Navigate to the Domain Runtime branch:domainRuntime() Execute the addSPPartnerAuthnMethod() command:addSPPartnerAuthnMethod("AcmeRP", "http://schemas.openid.net/pape/policies/2007/06/phishing-resistant,http://openid-policies/password-protected", "LDAPScheme") Exit the WLST environment:exit() After authentication via FORM, OIF/IdP would now issue an Assertion similar to (see that the method was changed from LDAPScheme to the two policies): https://acme.com/openid?refid=id-9PKVXZmRxAeDYcgLqPm36ClzOMA-&openid.ns=http%3A%2F%2Fspecs.openid.net%2Fauth%2F2.0&openid.mode=id_res&openid.op_endpoint=https%3A%2F%2Fidp.com%2Fopenid&openid.claimed_id=https%3A%2F%2Fidp.com%2Fopenid%3Fid%3Did-38iCmmlAVEXPsFjnFVKArfn5RIiF75D5doorhEgqqPM%3D&openid.identity=https%3A%2F%2Fidp.com%2Fopenid%3Fid%3Did-38iCmmlAVEXPsFjnFVKArfn5RIiF75D5doorhEgqqPM%3D&openid.return_to=https%3A%2F%2Facme.com%2Fopenid%3Frefid%3Did-9PKVXZmRxAeDYcgLqPm36ClzOMA-&openid.response_nonce=2014-03-24T19%3A20%3A06Zid-YPa2kTNNFftZkgBb460jxJGblk2g--iNwPpDI7M1&openid.assoc_handle=id-6a5S6zhAKaRwQNUnjTKROREdAGSjWodG1el4xyz3&openid.ns.ax=http%3A%2F%2Fopenid.net%2Fsrv%2Fax%2F1.0&openid.ax.mode=fetch_response&openid.ax.type.attr0=http%3A%2F%2Fsession%2Fcount&openid.ax.value.attr0=1&openid.ax.type.attr1=http%3A%2F%2Fopenid.net%2Fschema%2FnamePerson%2Ffriendly&openid.ax.value.attr1=My+name+is+Bobby+Smith&openid.ax.type.attr2=http%3A%2F%2Fschemas.openid.net%2Fax%2Fapi%2Fuser_id&openid.ax.value.attr2=bob&openid.ax.type.attr3=http%3A%2F%2Faxschema.org%2Fcontact%2Femail&openid.ax.value.attr3=bob%40oracle.com&openid.ax.type.attr4=http%3A%2F%2Fsession%2Fipaddress&openid.ax.value.attr4=10.145.120.253&openid.ns.pape=http%3A%2F%2Fspecs.openid.net%2Fextensions%2Fpape%2F1.0&openid.pape.auth_time=2014-03-24T19%3A20%3A05Z&openid.pape.auth_policies=http%3A%2F%2Fschemas.openid.net%2Fpape%2Fpolicies%2F2007%2F06%2Fphishing-resistant+http%3A%2F%2Fopenid-policies%2Fpassword-protected&openid.signed=op_endpoint%2Cclaimed_id%2Cidentity%2Creturn_to%2Cresponse_nonce%2Cassoc_handle%2Cns.ax%2Cax.mode%2Cax.type.attr0%2Cax.value.attr0%2Cax.type.attr1%2Cax.value.attr1%2Cax.type.attr2%2Cax.value.attr2%2Cax.type.attr3%2Cax.value.attr3%2Cax.type.attr4%2Cax.value.attr4%2Cns.pape%2Cpape.auth_time%2Cpape.auth_policies&openid.sig=mYMgbGYSs22l8e%2FDom9NRPw15u8%3D In the next article, I will cover how OIF/IdP can be configured so that an SP can request a specific Federation Authentication Method to challenge the user during Federation SSO.Cheers,Damien Carru

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  • Reason for Null pointer Exception

    - by Rahul Varma
    Hi, I cant figure out why my program is showing null pointer exception. Plz help me...Here's the program... public class MusicListActivity extends Activity { List<HashMap<String, String>> songNodeDet = new ArrayList<HashMap<String,String>>(); HashMap<?,?>[] songNodeWeb; XMLRPCClient client; String logInSess; ArrayList<String> paths=new ArrayList<String>(); public ListAdapter adapter ; Object[] websongListObject; List<SongsList> SngList=new ArrayList<SongsList>(); Runnable r; ProgressDialog p; ListView lv; String s; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle si){ super.onCreate(si); setContentView(R.layout.openadiuofile); lv=(ListView)findViewById(R.id.list1); r=new Runnable(){ public void run(){ try{ getSongs(); } catch (MalformedURLException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } catch (XMLRPCException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } }; Thread t=new Thread(r,"background"); t.start(); Log.e("***","process over"); } @Override protected void onResume() { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onResume(); } private Runnable returnRes = new Runnable() { @Override public void run() { Log.d("handler","handler"); removeDialog(0); p.dismiss(); list(); } }; public void list() { Log.d("#####","#####"); LayoutInflater inflater=getLayoutInflater(); String[] from={}; int[] n={}; adapter=new SongsAdapter(getApplicationContext(),songNodeDet,R.layout.row,from,n,inflater); lv.setAdapter(adapter);} private Handler handler = new Handler() { public void handleMessage(Message msg){ Log.d("*****","handler"); removeDialog(0); p.dismiss(); } }; public void webObjectList(Object[] imgListObj,String logInSess) throws XMLRPCException{ songNodeWeb = new HashMap<?,?>[imgListObj.length]; if(imgListObj!=null){ Log.e("completed","completed"); for(int i=0;i<imgListObj.length;i++){ //imgListObj.length songNodeWeb[i]=(HashMap<?,?>)imgListObj[i]; String nodeid=(String) songNodeWeb[i].get("nid"); break; Log.e("img",i+"completed"); HashMap<String,String> nData=new HashMap<String,String>(); nData.put("nid",nodeid); Object nodeget=client.call("node.get",logInSess,nodeid); HashMap<?,?> imgNode=(HashMap<?,?>)nodeget; String titleName=(String) imgNode.get("titles"); String movieName=(String) imgNode.get("album"); String singerName=(String) imgNode.get("artist"); nData.put("titles", titleName); nData.put("album", movieName); nData.put("artist", singerName); Object[] imgObject=(Object[])imgNode.get("field_image"); HashMap<?,?>[] imgDetails=new HashMap<?,?>[imgObject.length]; imgDetails[0]=(HashMap<?, ?>)imgObject[0]; String path=(String) imgDetails[0].get("filepath"); if(path.contains(" ")){ path=path.replace(" ", "%20"); } String imgPath="http://www.gorinka.com/"+path; paths.add(imgPath); nData.put("path", imgPath); Log.e("my path",path); String mime=(String)imgDetails[0].get("filemime"); nData.put("mime", mime); SongsList songs=new SongsList(titleName,movieName,singerName,imgPath,imgPath); SngList.add(i,songs); songNodeDet.add(i,nData); } Log.e("paths values",paths.toString()); // return imgNodeDet; handler.sendEmptyMessage(0); } } public void getSongs() throws MalformedURLException, XMLRPCException { String ur="http://www.gorinka.com/?q=services/xmlrpc"; URL u=new URL(ur); client = new XMLRPCClient(u); //Connecting to the website HashMap<?, ?> siteConn =(HashMap<?, ?>) client.call("system.connect"); // Getting initial sessio id String initSess=(String)siteConn.get("sessid"); //Login to the site using session id HashMap<?, ?> logInConn =(HashMap<?, ?>) client.call("user.login",initSess,"prakash","stellentsoft2009"); //Getting Login sessid logInSess=(String)logInConn.get("sessid"); websongListObject =(Object[]) client.call("nodetype.get",logInSess,""); webObjectList(websongListObject,logInSess); Log.d("webObjectList","webObjectList"); runOnUiThread(returnRes); } } Here's the Adapter associated... public class SongsAdapter extends SimpleAdapter{ static List<HashMap<String,String>> songsList; Context context; LayoutInflater inflater; public SongsAdapter(Context context,List<HashMap<String,String>> imgListWeb,int layout,String[] from,int[] to,LayoutInflater inflater) { super(context,songsList,layout,from,to); this.songsList=songsList; this.context=context; this.inflater=inflater; // TODO Auto-generated constructor stub } @Override public View getView(int postition,View convertView,ViewGroup parent)throws java.lang.OutOfMemoryError{ try { View v = ((LayoutInflater) inflater).inflate(R.layout.row,null); ImageView images=(ImageView)v.findViewById(R.id.image); TextView tvTitle=(TextView)v.findViewById(R.id.text1); TextView tvAlbum=(TextView)v.findViewById(R.id.text2); TextView tvArtist=(TextView)v.findViewById(R.id.text3); HashMap<String,String> songsHash=songsList.get(postition); String path=songsHash.get("path"); String title=songsHash.get("title"); String album=songsHash.get("album"); String artist=songsHash.get("artist"); String imgPath=path; final ImageView imageView = (ImageView) v.findViewById(R.id.image); AsyncImageLoaderv asyncImageLoader=new AsyncImageLoaderv(); Bitmap cachedImage = asyncImageLoader.loadDrawable(imgPath, new AsyncImageLoaderv.ImageCallback() { public void imageLoaded(Bitmap imageDrawable, String imageUrl) { imageView.setImageBitmap(imageDrawable); } }); imageView.setImageBitmap(cachedImage); tvTitle.setText(title); tvAlbum.setText(album); tvArtist.setText(artist); return v; } catch(Exception e){ Log.e("error",e.toString()); } return null; } public static Bitmap loadImageFromUrl(String url) { InputStream inputStream;Bitmap b; try { inputStream = (InputStream) new URL(url).getContent(); BitmapFactory.Options bpo= new BitmapFactory.Options(); bpo.inSampleSize=2; b=BitmapFactory.decodeStream(inputStream, null,bpo ); return b; } catch (IOException e) { throw new RuntimeException(e); } } } Here is what logcat is showing... 04-23 16:02:02.211: ERROR/completed(1450): completed 04-23 16:02:02.211: ERROR/paths values(1450): [] 04-23 16:02:02.211: DEBUG/*****(1450): handler 04-23 16:02:02.211: DEBUG/AndroidRuntime(1450): Shutting down VM 04-23 16:02:02.211: WARN/dalvikvm(1450): threadid=3: thread exiting with uncaught exception (group=0x4001aa28) 04-23 16:02:02.222: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1450): Uncaught handler: thread main exiting due to uncaught exception 04-23 16:02:02.241: DEBUG/webObjectList(1450): webObjectList 04-23 16:02:02.252: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1450): java.lang.NullPointerException 04-23 16:02:02.252: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1450): at com.stellent.gorinka.MusicListActivity$2.handleMessage(MusicListActivity.java:81) 04-23 16:02:02.252: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1450): at android.os.Handler.dispatchMessage(Handler.java:99) 04-23 16:02:02.252: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1450): at android.os.Looper.loop(Looper.java:123) 04-23 16:02:02.252: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1450): at android.app.ActivityThread.main(ActivityThread.java:4203) 04-23 16:02:02.252: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1450): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invokeNative(Native Method) 04-23 16:02:02.252: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1450): at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:521) 04-23 16:02:02.252: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1450): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit$MethodAndArgsCaller.run(ZygoteInit.java:791) 04-23 16:02:02.252: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1450): at com.android.internal.os.ZygoteInit.main(ZygoteInit.java:549) 04-23 16:02:02.252: ERROR/AndroidRuntime(1450): at dalvik.system.NativeStart.main(Native Method) I have declared the getter and setter methods in a seperate claa named SongsList. Plz help me determine the problem...

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  • ActionController::RoutingError (No route matches {:action=>"show", :controller=>"users", :id=>nil}):

    - by Matt Bishop
    I have been trying to fix this routing error for a long time. I would appreciate any assistance! This error is preventing me from being able to authenticate. Here is what I am getting in my Heroku logs. app/controllers/authentications_controller.rb:12:in `create' ActionController::RoutingError (No route matches {:action=>"show", :controller=>"users", :id=>nil}) Here is the routes.rb file: Company::Application.routes.draw do resources :profile_individual resources :careers match 'careers' => 'careers#index' match 'about' => 'about#index' constraints(:subdomain => /^$|www/) do devise_for :users resources :authentications, :identities #, :beta_invitations resources :users do resources :invitations, :controller => 'UserInvitation' do post :upload, :on => :collection get :email_template, :on => :collection get :plaintext_template, :on => :collection get :facebook_invitation, :on => :collection end member do get :summary get :recruits get :friends_events get :events_near_me get :recent_activity get :impact get :campaigns end end resources :password_resets do get 'password_reset' => 'password_resets#show', :as => 'password_reset' end resources :events, :only => [:new, :index, :create] resources :organizations, :only => [:index, :create] resources :orders do post :ipn, :on => :member resource :payment do member do post :relay_response get :receipt end end resource :paypal_integration do member do get :authorize get :cancel post :finalize end end end match '/users/:id/impact/money/:d' => 'users#impact_money_graph', :constraints => {:d => /\d+{4}_\d+{2}-\d+{2}/}, :as => :user_impact_money match '/users/:id/impact/money' => 'users#impact_money_graph', :as => :user_impact_money match '/users/:id/impact/recruits/:d' => 'users#impact_recruits_graph', :constraints => {:d => /\d+{4}_\d+{2}-\d+{2}/}, :as => :user_impact_recruits match '/users/:id/impact/recruits' => 'users#impact_recruits_graph', :as => :user_impact_recruits match '/auth/failure' => 'authentications#failure' match '/auth/:provider/callback' => 'authentications#create' match '/auth/:provider/callback' => 'authentications#show', :controller => 'users', :as => :login match '/logout' => 'authentications#destroy', :as => :logout match '/login' => 'authentications#new', :as => :login match "/join_team/:id" => "team_members#join", :as => :join_team match "/rsvp/:id" => "rsvps#show", :as => :rsvp match "/signup" => 'authentications#signup', :as => :signup match "/beacon/:id.gif" => "email_beacons#show", :as => :email_beacon root :to => "homes#show" match '/corporate_giving' => "homes#corporate_giving" end constraints(Subdomain) do resource :organization, :path => "/", :only => [:edit, :update] do member do get :org_photos_videos get :org_recent_activity end end resources :events, :except => [:index] do post :publish, :on => :member resource :supporter_invite resource :team_management do post :mailer, :on => :member end resource :team_member do post :invite, :on => :member end resource :rsvp do put :make_order, :on => :collection get :make_order, :on => :collection end resources :invites do post :upload, :on => :collection end resources :ticket_tiers, :team_members end match "/events" => redirect("/") root :to => "organizations#show" end namespace :admin do resources :stats resources :organizations resources :campaigns do resources :rewards resources :contents put :header, :action => 'header_update' end resources :users do member do post :grant_access post :revoke_access end end resources :nonprofits do member do put :approve put :revoke end end end resources :campaigns do get :find_charities, :on => :collection get :how_many_charities, :on => :collection member do post :join get :join post :header, :action => 'header_creation' put :header, :action => 'header_update' end resources :rewards resources :contents resource :donations do resource :paypal_integration, :controller => 'donations' do member do get :authorize get :cancel post :finalize end end end end match '/campaigns/:id/graph/:d' => 'campaigns#graph', :constraints => {:d => /\d+{4}_\d+ {2}-\d+{2}/}, :as => :graph_campaign match '/campaigns/:id/graph' => 'campaigns#graph', :as => :graph_campaign resources :business_campaigns, :controller => 'campaigns' resources :businesses do put :logo, :on => :collection, :action => 'upload_logo' member do get :summary get :recruits get :friends_events get :events_near_me get :recent_activity get :impact get :campaigns end end resources :nonprofit_campaigns, :controller => 'campaigns' resources :nonprofits do put :logo, :on => :collection, :action => 'upload_logo' member do get :summary get :recruits get :friends_events get :events_near_me get :recent_activity get :impact get :campaigns get :supporting_campaigns end end resources :publicities match '/campaigns/:campaign_id/rewards/:id' => 'campaigns#reward', :via => :get match "/robots.txt" => "application#robots_txt" match "/beta_invitations" => redirect('/') resource :sitemap resources :referrals end Here is my authentications_controller.rb file class AuthenticationsController < ApplicationController skip_before_filter :require_beta_access before_filter :redirect_to_profile_if_logged_in, :only => [:create, :new] layout :resolve_layout def create omniauth = request.env["omniauth.auth"] authentication = Authentication.find_by_provider_and_uid(omniauth['provider'], omniauth['uid']) if authentication && authentication.user.present? sign_in(:user, authentication.user) redirect_to session[:redirect_to] || user_path(current_user, :subdomain => nil) elsif current_user current_user.authentications.create!(:provider => omniauth['provider'], :uid => omniauth['uid']) redirect_to session[:redirect_to] || user_path(current_user, :subdomain => nil) else user = User.new user.apply_omniauth(omniauth) logger.debug "=======================auth=============================" logger.debug session[:referrer_token] logger.debug "========================================================" if session[:referrer_token] publicity = Publicity.find_by_token(session[:referrer_token]) user.invited_by = publicity user.recruited_by = publicity end if user.save sign_in(user) unless session[:redirect_to] session[:referrer_token] = nil end redirect_to session[:redirect_to] || user_path(current_user, :subdomain => nil) #redirect_to session[:redirect_to] || campaigns_url(:tc => request.env['omniauth.params']['tc']) #tc is for AB testing else session[:omniauth] = omniauth.except('extra') redirect_to signup_path end end end def failure flash[:error] = "Please check your email and password and try again" redirect_to login_path end def destroy reset_session redirect_to root_path end def signup # end private def redirect_to_profile_if_logged_in redirect_to user_path(current_user.permalink) if current_user end def resolve_layout case action_name when "new", "signup" "authentication" else "selfcontained" end end end I am adding my appplication_controller.rb too: class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base #Wrote by George for beta users -before_filter :require_beta_access before_filter :save_referrer_token protect_from_forgery helper_method :organization_admin?, :team_member?, :profile_url, :current_profile def set_headers # Set our headers here end def save_referrer_token #session.delete(:referrer_token) if params[:ref] publicity = Publicity.find_by_token(params[:ref]) logger.debug "========================================================" logger.debug current_profile.nil? logger.debug publicity.creator logger.debug current_profile logger.debug current_profile != publicity.creator session[:referrer_token] = params[:ref] if current_profile.nil? or publicity.creator != current_profile logger.debug session[:referrer_token] logger.debug "========================================================" end end def robots_txt robots = File.read(Rails.root + "public/robots.#{Rails.env}.txt") render :text => robots, :layout => false, :content_type => "text/plain" end def load_organization @organization = Organization.find_by_permalink(request.subdomain) raise ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound if @organization.nil? end def require_user 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  • Snow Leopard and SonicWall NetExtender VPN?

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    When I reboot a Windows 2003 or Windows 2008 server via a Remote Desktop connection, the server comes back up and will not accept any RDP connections: the RDP client errors out with "Connection Refused." The Terminal Services service is running on the server and restarting it has no effect. No errors are logged on the server. The only way I've found to fix this is to login at the console or via the DRAC and reboot the machine again, which is an ugly solution for obvious reasons. Has anyone run into this before?

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  • Renci.SSHNet and HP ILO 4

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    I am using Renci.SSHNet to connect to HP iLO processors. Generally this works fine and I can connect and run several commands and disconnect. However, I noticed that a few new servers that use iLO 4 simply don't react to any but the first command sent. When I login using Putty everything works fine, but when using an SSH connection with Renci only the first command sent is recognised whereas the second and further commands do not cause any reaction whatsoever by the iLO processor, not even an error message. Any ideas why that might be?

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  • Where to export a truly global environment variable?

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  • AD DS or AD LDS

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  • Backup and Restore ADAM database

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    Hi, I was trying to backup and restore an ADAM database to a different server the other day. I copied all files under "Program Files/Microsoft ADAM" folder to the same path in the destination server and started the ADAM service in the destination server up. Although the service come back up successfully and I was able to connect to the instance with ADAM ADSI Edit mmc snap-in, I found I had to reset every single user's password before they can login again. Has anyone got this issue before? Is the password encrypted with the server IP address or something like that?

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  • Share folder and access this folder on different domain

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  • TortoiseSVN overlay icons do not appear when installed by a different user account?

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  • TortoiseSVN overlay icons do not appear when installed by a different user account?

    - by Camsoft
    I've installed TortoiseSVN on my work Windows XP machine as the administrator. When I login in as a standard user my working copies do not display the overlay icons in Windows Explorer. I found this on TortoiseSVN's support pages: Did you install TortoiseSVN as a different user under WinNT/Win2K/WinXP than you are using now? Go to the settings of TSVN and activate the icon overlays for at least the fixed drives. The installer does this automatically for the current user (can't do it for other users...) but since you are using TSVN as a different user than you installed it you need to set this manually. I've checked the settings for overlay icons for the current user and the options Local and Network drives are checked. I've tried even toggling them off, applying, then on again and applying, then restarting but they still don't appear. I'm unable to install TortoiseSVN on the current user hence why I logged into the admin account. Any ideas?

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  • Apache2 Startup warning: NameVirtualHost *:80 has no VirtualHosts

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  • Backup and Restore ADAM database

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  • User Provisioning Tool for SQL Server 2008?

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