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• Removing resource limits on Solaris 10

  - by mikeydonkey

  How should one remove all potential artificial resource limitations for a process? I just saw a case where a server application consumed resources so that some limitation was hit. The other shells into the same server etc were all extremely slow (waiting for something to free up for them; ie. prstat starting 5 minutes). It wasn't CPU/memory related problem so I think it has got something to do with ulimits / projects. Already managed to set the maximum open files to 500 000 and it helped a little bit. However there is something else and I can not figure out what resource is maxed out. I can get some in-house administrator probably to check this but I would like to understand how I could make sure there shouldn't be any limitations! If you think I am going the wrong way (would be better to figure out what limitation should be specfically tuned etc) please feel free to point me to the correct way. I know technical stuff - it's just Solaris 10 that is giving me headache :/

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• Application for time and project management

  - by user10826

  I want to improve the way I organize my projects/tasks/schedule What I do now is: keep an excel sheet with the name of the most important tasks/projects, I look at it at the beginning of each day and decide the ones I will focus on on iCal I write down events for each day, or for a concrete time (13 to 14 hours). I set up each day the tasks I want to accomlish, and allocate them hours I use Things (culture code) to keep info about tasks and projects not very important and which are not time allocated yet (GTD name = someday) I use Mail on Mac and create folders for the mails I want to process with the name of the different projects I save the main info for each project on freemind maps My system works well at the moment but it is pretty complicated to use. I want to make it better and I am looking for something with these requirements: must be 100% offline accessable it should use as less programs/resources as possible, ideally just one program should be able to manage all my info I can use the GTD methodology mixed with priorities and I can allocate each task converted to event on my calendar I can have different daily/weekly, etc views on a calendar to see the "big picture" must run on mac os x leopard price does not matter, I will pay for this So, according to your experience, can you recommend me something like this? Thanks

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• Need help trying to diagnose Symmetrix SAN performance issues

  - by arcain

  I am helping to benchmark hardware for a new SQL Server instance, and the volume presented to the OS for the data files is carved from a set of spindles on a Symmetrix SAN. The server has yet to have SQL Server installed, so the only activity on the box is our benchmarking. Now, our storage engineers say that this volume and it's resources are dedicated to our new server (I don't have access to see the actual SAN config) however the performance benchmarks are troubling. For example, the numbers look good until suddenly, and randomly, we see in our IO benchmarking tool wait times of 100 seconds, and disk queue lengths of 255 in perfmon. This SAN has an 8 GB cache, plus there are other applications besides ours that use the SAN. I'm wondering if (even though the spindles for our volumes should be dedicated to us) the cache may be getting hammered during the performance testing, or perhaps the spindles our volumes are on aren't really dedicated to us. We're not getting much traction from our storage engineers in helping us track down the problem, so if anybody has experience with diagnosing a problem like this and would like to share insights and troubleshooting methodologies, I'd appreciate it.

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• overriding default scheduler for blkio requests in cgroups

  - by Aamir Mushtaq

  I am trying to optimize a set of servers that have to reside on single machine. i.e. i can have multiple application server, a DB server and of course a samba server as well in same instance. Now I was looking into several optimizing options available to me. In my quest, i did my tuning of the network stack. coming to the CPU, MEMORY and the BLKIO tweaks, i am using CGROUPS. The problem i am facing is that for enhanced performance in the nature of the applications that i am running, the CFQ Scheduler that is implemented for the BLKIO subsystem is not optimal. I was looking more for a Deadline Scheduler because that will serve my purpose well. My question is whether it is possible for us to change the scheduler in the kernel compilation itself for the BLKIO to Deadline and it will reflect in my usage of [CGROUP hierarchies][3]? Since when running the service cgconf, a new fs is mounted and i dont want it to revert to CFQ scheduler. I also welcome any suggestions that will enable me to have more control over my resources.

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• Trouble printing to local printer when connected to VPN with split-tunneling enabled

  - by Marve

  I'm a volunteer network admin for a multi-tenant non-profit office space. One of our new tenants uses a VPN to connect to remote resources using RRAS and Small Business Server 2008. They also have a local network printer for the workstations in our office. When connected to the VPN, they cannot print to the local printer. I informed their network admin that they need to enable split-tunneling to fix this. Their network admin enabled split-tunneling, but apparently printing still didn't work. He told me that I need to open port 1723 on our office firewall to allow it to work. I'm just a novice administrator and not familiar with RRAS, but this doesn't sound right to me and I haven't been able to find anything on the web to validate it. Additionally, my understanding of split-tunneling is that it is handled entirely by the VPN client and should work irrespective of firewall settings. Is my understanding of the situation incorrect? What steps should I take to resolve this problem?

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• How to get rid of "Maxback Engine" for good?

  - by Jonik

  I used to have a Maxtor Shared Storage II network drive; it broke down long ago already. (Later I tried to recover some data from it, and partially succeeded, but haven't yet fully documented it on that question.) Anyway, I just noticed there are still some lingering bits remaining of the (thourougly crappy) software that came with the Maxtor device: a background process called "MaxBack Engine". I googled around a bit and found something related but not very useful: http://www.straitmac.com/jforum/posts/list/600.page http://discussions.apple.com/thread.jspa?threadID=725692 Under /Applications I found "Maxtor EasyManage.app" which I used to use for controlling the drive, and showed it some "rm -rf". Before deleting, I noted that the bundle did contain "MaxBack Engine.app" under Content/Resources. But still, after reboot, the "MaxBack Engine" process is back. I did notice though that it only appears when logging in with my usual user account; with another account it wasn't launched. So, dear Mac gurus, what could I do about this pest? I guess I could fall back to some Unix hackery and write a cronjob that kills any process with that name, but obviously it'd be nicer to be able to clean up from my computer everything left behind by Maxtor's piece of software.

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• Proxmox drbd configuration split brain [on hold]

  - by AudioDan

  I am planning a proxmox HA configuration with two Dell R710 machines (dual 6 core processors in each) with enterprise level drive raid arrays. I would be using DRBD with a quorum disk on a third machine. I would dedicate two 1GB nics on each server to the DRBD communications. We would have approximately 12 to 14 Virtual Machines running on this pair of servers. The proxmox manual recommends creating two DRBD resources - one for the Virtual Machines that normally run on ServerA and one for the Virtual Machines that normally run on ServerB. This is because of the Primary/Primary state in which this configuration runs. If both servers have VMs talking to the same DRBD resource and a split brain situation occurs, there is potential for data corruption that must be resolved. While I understand it would take more effort to create new virtual machines, can anybody foresee any potential problems with running a separate DRBD resource for each VM instead? Does anyone have experience running a setup that way and has it worked well? It seems to me that would allow more flexibility in moving machines back and forth.

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• Best way to build / implement a corporate developer Linux distro with multiple kernels?

  - by Garen

  At work we have Linux users who understandably prefer using Ubuntu. Problem is, we also have developer tools that only work with 'officially' supported Linux distributions that use much older 2.6.18 based kernels. (And even if they worked with newer ones, the vendors could always say they won't "support" the software unless it's on one of their 'officially' supported platforms.) We could of course just tell them to use CentOS or something else 2.6.18-based, and I'm sure their response would be something like: "you can take Ubuntu from our cold, dead hands." :) Which brings to me some questions--is there any good/easy/recommended way to run something like Ubuntu as a host VM and Centos 5.x as a guest OS (with which system--Xen,KVM,VMWare, ...?), and then roll that into our own custom internal distribution that could be easily installed? KVM looks like a good high-performance option just recently included in RHEL 5.4, but if hardware support for virtualization like Intel-VT or AMD-V is necessary, then I'd guess only those folks with fairly new PCs will be able to do it. Would be very interested to hear how anyone else has addressed this kind issue. EDIT: The target audience / users of this kind of system would be developers, each one needs to run locally licensed commercial software, so building out some separate beefy central machines isn't an option unfortunately due to license restrictions. Even if that weren't the case, a couple developers could quickly eat up the resources with parallel builds. :) Ideally, I was hoping there was some step-by-step guide out there to build your own pre-built distribution that had e.g. CentOS 5.x and Ubuntu Desktop as a guest.

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• Search behavior of Windows 7 start menu

  - by Kevin Ivarsen

  I'm coming to Windows 7 from XP, and there are aspects of the start menu search that I like. However, there are some behaviors that seem either inconsistent or surprising to me. For example: If I type "Pa" into the search bar, Paint is the first result (under the "Programs" heading), and it is selected for me. I can just hit Enter to start the program If I have a standalone exe "testing" on my desktop, and I type "test", the program comes up as the first item (under the "Files" heading), but it is not selected for me. I have to hit down-down-down-enter to open it from the keyboard. The same appears to be true for shortcuts and folders. What classifies something as a "Program" verses a "File"? Is there any way to configure the start menu so that the first search result is always selected? As a heavy keyboard user, it seems insane for the behavior to be inconsistent, and to require so many keypresses to select the top result. Also, are there resources that document the details, limitations, and tricks of the start menu search? (For example, a "Proc Exp" search will match "Process Explorer", but not "ProcessExplorer") EDIT: I've found that instead of hitting down-down-down to select the first item (when no Programs are in the list), you can just hit tab. This helps a bit, but the inconsistent behavior still makes this search feature more awkward and frustrating than necessary.

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• Hard drive degredation from large memory usage and paging files?

  - by Stephen R

  I've had a question(s) regarding computer degradation going through my head for a while and haven't found many good resources for researching it. 1) First off, when is the virtual RAM/paging file on a hard drive used by Windows? Is it used when the RAM is full? Or does it use the Virtual RAM/paging file as intermediate caching between the RAM and actual hard drive space all the time? 2) If I were to run many applications on my computer at the same time and have a bad habit of doing this for the entire lifetime of the computer, does it use more of the virtual RAM/paging file than if I were to have fewer programs running? Just to note, the RAM never fills up on my computer but it is used heavily. 3) By extension of question 2, if the virtual RAM/paging file is used more heavily, would that result in rapid hard drive degradation? I have seen a pattern among all of the computers that I have owned or used in the past 5 years. I am the kind of person to leave my web browser up with 40 tabs among other programs which will eat up 40% of my memory typically. Over time my computer will slow down, browsers start crashing, programs start seizing up or crashing themselves, eventually the computer becomes essentially unusable. I have been trying to rack my mind to come up with a solution other than to purchase a new PC to have it die on me in the next couple years as well. This is the only thought that has come to mind that might have a simple hardware fix...Windows ReadyBoost...Maybe? I'd like to be able to discuss this so I can learn something about all of the above. Thanks.

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• Windows desktop virutalization instead of replacing work stations

  - by Chris Marisic

  I'm head of the IT department at the small business I work for, however I am primarily a software architect and all of my system administration experience and knowledge is ancillary to software development. At some point this year or next we will be looking at upgrading our workstation environment to a uniform Windows 7 / Office 2010 environment as opposed to the hodge podge collection of various OEM licensed editions of software that are on each different machine. It occurred to me that it is probably possible to forgo upgrading each workstation and instead have it be a dumb terminal to access a virutalization server and have their entire virtual workstation hosted on the server. Now I know basically anything is possible but is this a feasible solution for a small business (25-50 work stations)? Assuming that this is feasible, what type of rough guidelines exist for calculating the required server resources needed for this. How exactly do solutions handle a user accessing their VM, do they log on normally to their physical workstation and then use remote desktop to access their VM, or is it usually done with a client piece of software to negotiate this? What types of software available for administering and monitoring these VM's, can this functionality be achieved out of box with Microsoft Server 2008? I'm mostly interested in these questions relating to Server 2008 with Hyper-V but fell free to offer insight with VMware's product line up, especially if there's any compelling reasons to choose them over Hyper-V in a Microsoft shop. Edit: Just to add some more information on implementation goals would be to upgrade our platform from a Win2k3 / XP environment to a full Windows 2008 / Win7 platform without having to perform any of that associated work with our each differently configured workstation. Also could anyone offer any realistic guidelines for how big of hardware is needed to support 25-50 workstations virtually? The majority the workstations do nothing except Office, Outlook and web. The only high demand workstations are the development workstations which would keep everything local.

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• IIS 7 and ASP.NET State Service Configuration

  - by Shawn

  We have 2 web servers load balanced and we wanted to get away from sticky sessions for obvious reasons. Our attempted approach is to use the ASP.NET State service on one of the boxes to store the session state for both. I realize that it's best to have a server dedicated to storing sessions but we don't have the resources for that. I've followed these instructions to no avail. The session still isn't being shared between the two servers. I'm not receiving any errors. I have the same machine key for both servers, and I've set the application ID to a unique value that matches between the two servers. Any suggestions on how I can troubleshoot this issue? Update: I turned on the session state service on my local machine and pointed both servers to the ip address on my local machine and it worked as expected. The session was shared between both servers. This leads me to believe that the problem might be that I'm not using a standalone server as my state service. Perhaps the problem is because I am using the ip address 127.0.0.1 on one server and then using a different ip address on the other server. Unfortunately when I try to use the network ip address as opposed to localhost the connection doesn't seem to work from the host server. Any insight on whether my suspicions are correct would be appreciated.

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• Unable to connect to second name of Windows 2008 Server R2 machine from XP

  - by Tumba

  I used the command netdom computername /add:newname.domainname.com to add a second name to a server running Windows 2008 Server R2. After restarting the server, I had DNS "A" entries for both names. In addition, the second name was added to HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\LanmanServer\Parameters\OptionalNames, which I believe should have taken care of any NetBIOS resolution. From my Windows 7 workstation, I can ping both names and running net view on both names reveals the same list of resources. From Windows XP, I can ping both names, but net view only works on the first name. Running net view on the second name returns: System error 52 has occurred. You were not connected because a duplicate name exists on the network. Go to System in Control Panel to change the computer name and try again. What do I need to do to make the second name usable from XP clients? Update: I was able to resolve the problem by adding the REG_DWORD key DisableStrictNameChecking = 1 to HKLM\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\services\LanmanServer\Parameters, then restarting the Server service. However, I do not understand why this was necessary.

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• How to handle files that don't need version control in mercurial

  - by richardh

  I am new to mercurial, and for the most part do LaTeX reports and statistical calculations in R using .csv and/or .sqlite files. Re LaTeX, all I really care is the .tex file. Re R, I don't need version control on the .csv or .sqlite files because they are static. When I do 'hg add' for a repo with a .csv and/or .sqlite file, I get a warning like: rev2.sqlite: up to 3070 MB of RAM may be required to manage this file (use 'hg revert rev2.sqlite' to cancel pending addition) So I revert and subsequently use adds like hg add -X *.sqlite. I guess I really have two questions: (1) Should I ignore these warnings? Because these large files are static, can I just add to the repo knowing that the diff files will always be empty and not worry about wasted resources? (2) If I should keep excluding these files from the repo, is there away that I can fix this option? I.E., add to my .hgrc file something that always appends an option like -I *.tex -I *.R to my 'hg add' commands? Thanks!

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• Are there any tests I can run on a network to simulate 100 heavy network users?

  - by marc.gayle

  I will be hosting a Ruby on Rails workshop at a small hotel in the near future, and while they have 'Wifi' everywhere on the property, and the property normally hosts 150 - 300 people, I am not 100% confident that they have hosted 150 tech people that tend to have heavy web surfing habits/needs. Their tech department is also 1 or 2 guys. Are there any automated tests I can download and run from my laptop, on the network, that would simulate 100 'heavy users' on the network at the same time? Their broadband pipe is a 15mbps cable connection. Would that suffice for the general surfing needs of 100 - 150 techies? I know all it takes is 1 or 2 bit torrenters to kill the entire network, but assuming we can at the very least block those ports or encourage the attendees not to file share on the network, would that speed suffice for general surfing needs? What are good resources online that would allow me to quickly get up to speed on the IT related issues, so that I can ask their sysadmins the right questions? Edit: Note that I am fairly technical, so assume I can get up to speed quickly even with technical manuals, etc.

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• Under what conditions will sendmail try to immediately resend a message instead of waiting for the standard requeue interval?

  - by Mike B

  CentOS 5.8 | Sendmail 8.14.4 I used to think that if SendMail experienced a temporary (400-class) error during delivery, it would place the message in a deferred queue (e.g. /var/spool/mqueue) and retry an hour later. For the most part, that appears to be the case. But every now and then, I'll notice log entries like this (email/domains renamed to protect the innocent :-) ) : Dec 5 01:43:03 foobox-out sendmail [11078]: qBE3l7js123022: to=<[email protected]>, delay=00:00:00, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=124588, relay=exbox.foo.com. [10.10.10.10], dsn=4.0.0, stat=Deferred: 421 4.3.2 The maximum number of concurrent connections has exceeded a limit, closing transmission channel Dec 5 01:53:34 foobox-out sendmail [12763]: qBE3l7js123022: to=<[email protected]>, delay=00:10:31, xdelay=00:00:00, mailer=relay, pri=214588, relay=exbox.foo.com., dsn=4.0.0, stat=Deferred: 452 4.3.1 Insufficient system resources Dec 5 02:53:35 foobox-out sendmail [23255]: qBE3l7js123022: to=<[email protected]>, delay=01:10:32, xdelay=00:00:01, mailer=relay, pri=304588, relay=exbox.foo.com. [10.10.10.10], dsn=2.0.0, stat=Sent (<[email protected]> Queued mail for delivery) Why did Sendmail try again just 10 minutes after the first attempt and then wait another hour before trying again? If this is expected behavior, what scenarios will cause this faster requeue interval to occur?

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• Windows Server 2008 R2 running at a snail's pace

  - by Django Reinhardt

  Really weird problem here. Our main web server has started running at a snail's pace, for absolutely no reason we can discern. Even after restarting the machine, when there's no little or no ram usage and CPU usage is fluctuating between 0 and 30%, simple tasks, like opening Internet Explorer, or waiting for My Computer to open, take forever. There are no processes hogging system resources that we can see... the machine itself is just exhibiting extremely slow behaviour. I've never seen a machine do this. A lot of security updates had built up, so we decided to let Windows install them. When we looked through the history upon restarting, though, they had failed with error code 800706BA. I don't know if this could be related or not. Any help in this matter would be greatly appreciated. As mentioned in the title, we're running a Windows Server 2008 R2 machine. It's also running SQL Server and IIS. It has 16GB of RAM and a decent Quad Core processor. It's also been fine until now -- and we haven't changed a thing. Thanks for any help.

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• What are problems and pitfalls with a public facing Active Directory

  - by Ralph Shillington

  The situation that i'm faced with is this: We plan on using a number of server applications hosted on Amazon EC2 machines, mainly Microsoft Team Foundation Server. These services rely heavily on Active Directory. Since our servers are in the Amazon cloud it should go without saying (but I will) that all our users are remote. It seems that we can't setup VPN on our EC2 instance -- so the users will have to join the domain, directly over the internet then they'll be able to authenticate and once authenticated, use that token for accessing resources such as TFS. on the DC instance, I can shut down all ports, except those needed for joining/authenicating to the domain. I can also filter the IP on that machine to just those address that we are expecting our users to be at (it's a small group) On the web based application servers, I imagine all we need to open is port 80 (or 8080 in the case of TFS) One of the problems that I'm faced with is what domain name to use for this Active directory. Should I go with "ourDomainName.com" or "OurDomainName.local" If I choose the latter, does that not mean that I'll have to get all our users to change their DNS address to point to our server, so it can resolve the domain name (I guess I could also distribute a host file) Perhaps there is another alternative that I'm completely missing.

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• Poor write performance on Debian server running NFS with 22TB exported JFS filesystem

  - by user143546

  I am currently running a debian server that is exporting a large JFS filesystem (22TB) over NFS (nfs-kernel-server.) When attempting to write to the NFS share, the performance is very poor. The 22TB disk is sitting on a NAS mounted using iSCSI. It will bust for a moment near expected line speed, and then sit idle for several seconds. Very little traffic measured in the low kb/sec. The wait peeks on write. When reading from the NFS mount, the system operates at expected speeds (11MB/sec). The issue does not occur when using SFTP, rsync, or local coping (non-nfs). The issue persists between stable and testing releases. On the same machine I have a 14TB ext4 filesystem using the exact same export configuration that does not share the issue. This share is not in regular use and thus not consuming resources. NFS Server: cat /etc/exports /data2 10.1.20.86(rw,no_subtree_check,async,all_squash) cat /sys/block/sdb/queue/scheduler noop [deadline] cfq cat /etc/default/nfs-kernel-server RPCNFSDCOUNT=8 RPCNFSDPRIORITY=0 RPCMOUNTDOPTS=--manage-gids NEED_SVCGSSD= RPCSVCGSSDOPTS= NFS Client: cat /etc/fstab 10.1.20.100:/data2 /root/incoming nfs rw,noatime,soft,intr,noacl 0 2 cat /sys/block/sdb/queue/scheduler noop [deadline] cfq cat /proc/mounts 10.1.20.100:/data2/ /root/incoming nfs4 rw,noatime,vers=4,rsize=262144,wsize=262144,namlen=255,soft,proto=tcp,port=0,timeo=600,retrans=2,sec=sys,clientaddr=10.1.20.86,minorversion=0,addr=10.1.20.100 0 0 This problem has me pretty stumped. Any help would be greatly welcomed. Thanks.

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• SQL Server performance on VSphere 4.0

  - by Charles

  We are having a performance issue that we cannot explain with our VMWare environment and I am hoping someone here may be able to help. We have a web application that uses a databases backend. We have an SQL 2005 Cluster setup on Windows 2003 R2 between a physical node and a virtual node. Both physical servers are identical 2950's with 2x Xeaon x5460 Quad Core CPUs and 64GB of memory, 16GB allocated to the OS. We are utilizing an iSCSI San for all cluster disks. The problem is this, when utilizing the application under a repeated stress testing that adds CPUs to the cluster nodes, the Physical node scales from 1 pCPU to 8 pCPUs, meaning we see continued performance increases. When testing the node running Vsphere, we have the expected 12% performance hit for being virtual but we still scale from 1 vCPU to 4 vCPUs like the physical but beyond this performance drops off, by the time we get to 8 vCPUs we are seeing performance numbers worse than at 4 vCPUs. Again, both nodes are configured identically in terms of hardware, Guest OS, SQL Configurations etc and there is no traffic other than the testing on the system. There are no other VMs on the virtual server so there should be no competition for resources. We have contacted VMWare for help but they have not really been any suggesting things like setting SQL Processor Affinity which, while being helpful would have the same net effect on each box and should not change our results in the least. We have looked at all of VMWare's SQL Tuning guides with regards to VSphere with no benefit, please help!

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• Ubuntu xrandr rotate issue

  - by user83544

  I've just bought a second monitor for my PC which happens to be a pivot monitor. I've already read lots of forums related to my problem but haven't come across a solution - I have the same symptoms as dozens of posts but no matter whatever I try it just doesn't work. I've already changed the xorg.conf file and added in the device section just under Driver "nvidia" the following for my second monitor: Option "RandRRotation" "on" When I save and reboot I try to rotate my screen with the nvidia X server settings by choosing the second monitor and clicking either "left" or "right" for the rotation. It immediately exits the nvidia settings window and does nothing. I tried within the terminal by typing: xrandr -o right I get the following error: X Error of failed request: BadMatch (invalid parameter attributes) Major opcode of failed request: 154 (RANDR) Minor opcode of failed request: 2 (RRSetScreenConfig) Serial number of failed request: 14 Current serial number in output stream: 14 I actually manage to rotate it with Option "Rotate" "CCW" instead of "RandRRotation". The problem with this solution is that you get the second monitor in the right position, but any window you open on that screen is practically unchangeable. You can't change the size nor move it, making it useless for reading PDFs, which is the main reason why I bought this second screen to help me write my thesis. Any help is really appreciated. sudo lshw -c video hiram@hiram-linux:~$ sudo lshw -c video *-display description: VGA compatible controller product: nVidia Corporation vendor: nVidia Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 version: a1 width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm msi pciexpress vga_controller bus_master cap_list rom configuration: driver=nvidia latency=0 resources: irq:16 memory:f8000000-f9ffffff memory:d8000000-dfffffff memory:d4000000-d7ffffff ioport:dc00(size=12 memory:fbd80000-fbdfffff

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• Windows 7: L10N mechanics

  - by John Sonderson

  I have a localized version of Windows 7. I can't figure out where windows gets the names for files and directories on the system. For instance, consider the following (default) files. > cd C:\Users\Public\Pictures\Sample Pictures > dir Chrysanthemum.jpg Desert.jpg ... When I view these files on the default file explorer I see these names: Crisantemo.jpg Deserto.jpg ... This seems to imply that each file can be somehow assigned a localized name somewhere. However I cannot figure out how. Would appreciate if someone could shed some light on this issue. Thanks. UPDATE EDIT: The desktop.ini file in the folder containing Chrysanthemum.jpg contains the following entries. The .dll files used to translate the various resources are unfortunately not human-readable and I have no clue as to how they could be generated for other files created by the user to be translated, but they serve the purpose, and solve the mystery which lead to the post. Thanks. [LocalizedFileNames] Chrysanthemum.jpg=@%systemroot%\system32\SampleRes.dll,-101 Desert.jpg=@%systemroot%\system32\SampleRes.dll,-102 Hydrangeas.jpg=@%systemroot%\system32\SampleRes.dll,-103 Jellyfish.jpg=@%systemroot%\system32\SampleRes.dll,-104 Koala.jpg=@%systemroot%\system32\SampleRes.dll,-105 Tulips.jpg=@%systemroot%\system32\SampleRes.dll,-106 Lighthouse.jpg=@%systemroot%\system32\SampleRes.dll,-107 Penguins.jpg=@%systemroot%\system32\SampleRes.dll,-108 [.ShellClassInfo] LocalizedResourceName=@%SystemRoot%\system32\shell32.dll,-21805

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• How can I prevent a DDOS attack on Amazon EC2?

  - by cwd

  One of the servers I use is hosted on the Amazon EC2 cloud. Every few months we appear to have a DDOS attack on this sever. This slows the server down incredibly. After around 30 minutes, and sometimes a reboot later, everything is back to normal. Amazon has security groups and firewall, but what else should I have in place on an EC2 server to mitigate or prevent an attack? From similar questions I've learned: Limit the rate of requests/minute (or seconds) from a particular IP address via something like IP tables (or maybe UFW?) Have enough resources to survive such an attack - or - Possibly build the web application so it is elastic / has an elastic load balancer and can quickly scale up to meet such a high demand) If using mySql, set up mySql connections so that they run sequentially so that slow queries won't bog down the system What else am I missing? I would love information about specific tools and configuration options (again, using Linux here), and/or anything that is specific to Amazon EC2. ps: Notes about monitoring for DDOS would also be welcomed - perhaps with nagios? ;)

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• Can I use @import to import Kod's default style sheet into my own?

  - by Thomas Upton

  I understand that Kod is being actively developed and is prone to drastic changes in any area. I would like to modify some small things (like font face and size or certain colors) while still being able to benefit from any changes or updates to the default Kod stylesheet. I thought that I would be able to @import the default stylesheet into my own to achieve this. This is what ~/.kod/custom.css would look like, @import url("file:///Applications/Kod.app/Contents/Resources/style/default.css"); /* Change the default font face and color. */ body { font-family: Menlo, monospace; color: #efefef; } This stylesheet was set with the following defaults command, per the comments at the top of Kod's default CSS file: defaults write se.hunch.kod style/url ~/.kod/custom.css Unfortunately, this didn't work. When I first tried to reload the style, Kod crashed. It opened fine again, but the @import statement wasn't working, and Kod crashed every time I saved the custom.css file. Am I doing something wrong? Did I write my @import statement wrong? Is that not how @import is supposed to work? Did I miss some sort of documentation or Kod Google Groups post that mentions that Kod explicitly disallows this?

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• Apple: Bind a key to a commandline command?

  - by Stefan Lasiewski

  I have a Mac Powerbook running Leopard (10.5.8). Does Leopard provide an easy way to bind keys to commands which are typically run on the commandline? For example, I can open up Terminal.app and run the command /System/Library/Frameworks/ScreenSaver.framework/Resources/ScreenSaverEngine.app/Contents/MacOS/ScreenSaverEngine which will activate the screensaver and lock my screen. What if I want to bind 'Apple-key L' to this command and execute this globally, regardless of which application is in use at the moment? Can I do this, or can I only run ScreenSaverEngine from a Terminal window? I tried to set up global keyboard shortcuts, but it seems that this won't allow me to bind a key to an arbitrary shell command: Note: You can create keyboard shortcuts only for existing menu commands. You cannot define keyboard shortcuts for general purpose tasks such as opening an application or switching between applications. I tried to set up a application keyboard shortcut, but commands like ScreenSaverEngine don't seem to be an application. Note that this Screensaver/Lock screen is just one example. I have come across other nifty commands which I might want to bind to a key-combination as well. I can do this in Gnome and Windows (with varying success). How about with Leopard?

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