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  • Computing a normal matrix in conjunction with gluLookAt

    - by Chris Smith
    I have a hand-rolled camera class that converts yaw, pitch, and roll angles into a forward, side, and up vector suitable for calling gluLookAt. Using this camera class I can modify the model-view matrix to move about the 3D world just fine. However, I am having trouble when using this camera class (and associated model-view matrix) when trying to perform directional lighting in my vertex shader. The problem is that the light direction, (0, 1, 0) for example, is relative to where the 'camera is looking' and not the actual world coordinates. (Or is this eye coordinates vs. model coordinates?) I would like the light direction to be unaffected by the camera's viewing direction. For example, when the camera is looking down the Z axis the ground is lit correctly. However, if I point the camera straight at the ground, then it goes dark. This is (I think) because the light direction is parallel with the camera's 'up' vector which is perpendicular with the ground's normal vector. I tried computing the normal matrix without taking the camera's model view into account, but then none of my objects were rotated correctly. Sorry if this sounds vague. I suspect there is a straight forward answer, but I'm not 100% clear on how the normal matrix should be used for transforming vertex normals in my vertex shader. For reference, here is pseudo code for my rendering loop: pMatrix = new Matrix(); pMatrix = makePerspective(...) mvMatrix = new Matrix() camera.apply(mvMatrix); // Calls gluLookAt // Move the object into position. mvMatrix.translatev(position); mvMatrix.rotatef(rotation.x, 1, 0, 0); mvMatrix.rotatef(rotation.y, 0, 1, 0); mvMatrix.rotatef(rotation.z, 0, 0, 1); var nMatrix = new Matrix(); nMatrix.set(mvMatrix.get().getInverse().getTranspose()); // Set vertex shader uniforms. gl.uniformMatrix4fv(shaderProgram.pMatrixUniform, false, new Float32Array(pMatrix.getFlattened())); gl.uniformMatrix4fv(shaderProgram.mvMatrixUniform, false, new Float32Array(mvMatrix.getFlattened())); gl.uniformMatrix4fv(shaderProgram.nMatrixUniform, false, new Float32Array(nMatrix.getFlattened())); // ... gl.drawElements(gl.TRIANGLES, this.vertexIndexBuffer.numItems, gl.UNSIGNED_SHORT, 0); And the corresponding vertex shader: // Attributes attribute vec3 aVertexPosition; attribute vec4 aVertexColor; attribute vec3 aVertexNormal; // Uniforms uniform mat4 uMVMatrix; uniform mat4 uNMatrix; uniform mat4 uPMatrix; // Varyings varying vec4 vColor; // Constants const vec3 LIGHT_DIRECTION = vec3(0, 1, 0); // Opposite direction of photons. const vec4 AMBIENT_COLOR = vec4 (0.2, 0.2, 0.2, 1.0); float ComputeLighting() { vec4 transformedNormal = vec4(aVertexNormal.xyz, 1.0); transformedNormal = uNMatrix * transformedNormal; float base = dot(normalize(transformedNormal.xyz), normalize(LIGHT_DIRECTION)); return max(base, 0.0); } void main(void) { gl_Position = uPMatrix * uMVMatrix * vec4(aVertexPosition, 1.0); float lightWeight = ComputeLighting(); vColor = vec4(aVertexColor.xyz * lightWeight, 1.0) + AMBIENT_COLOR; } Note that I am using WebGL, so if the anser is use glFixThisProblem(...) any pointers on how to re-implement that on WebGL if missing would be appreciated.

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  • Day 3 - XNA: Hacking around with images

    - by dapostolov
    Yay! Today I'm going to get into some code! My mind has been on this all day! I find it amusing how I practice, daily, to be "in the moment" or "present" and the excitement and anticipation of this project seems to snatch it away from me frequently. WELL!!! (Shakes Excitedly) Let's do this =)! Let's code! For these next few days it is my intention to better understand image rendering using XNA; after said prototypes are complete I should (fingers crossed) be able to dive into my game code using the design document I hammered out the other night. On a personal note, I think the toughest thing right now is finding the time to do this project. Each night, after my little ones go to bed I can only really afford a couple hours of work on this project. However, I hope to utilise this time as best as I can because this is the first time in a while I've found a project that I've been passionate about. A friend recently asked me if I intend to go 3D or extend the game design. Yes. For now I'm keeping it simple. Lastly, just as a note, as I was doing some further research into image rendering this morning I came across some other XNA content and lessons learned. I believe this content could have probably been posted in the first couple of posts, however, I will share the new content as I learn it at the end of each day. Maybe I'll take some time later to fix the posts but for now Installation and Deployment - Lessons Learned I had installed the XNA studio  (Day 1) and the site instructions were pretty easy to follow. However, I had a small difficulty with my development environment. You see, I run a virtual desktop development environment. Even though I was able to code and compile all the tutorials the game failed to run...because I lacked a 3D capable card; it was not detected on the virtual box... First Lesson: The XNA runtime needs to "see" the 3D card! No sweat, Il copied the files over to my parent box and executed the program. ERROR. Hmm... Second Lesson (which I should have probably known but I let the excitement get the better of me): you need the XNA runtime on the client PC to run the game, oh, and don't forget the .Net Runtime! Sprite, it ain't just a Soft Drink... With these prototypes I intend to understand and perform the following tasks. learn game development terminology how to place and position (rotate) a static image on the screen how to layer static images on the screen understand image scaling can we reuse images? understand how framerate is handled in XNA how to display text , basic shapes, and colors on the screen how to interact with an image (collision of user input?) how to animate an image and understand basic animation techniques how to detect colliding images or screen edges how to manipulate the image, lets say colors, stretching how to focus on a segment of an image...like only displaying a frame on a film reel what's the best way to manage images (compression, storage, location, prevent artwork theft, etc.) Well, let's start with this "prototype" task list for now...Today, let's get an image on the screen and maybe I can mark a few of the tasks as completed... C# Prototype1 New Visual Studio Project Select the XNA Game Studio 3.1 Project Type Select the Windows Game 3.1 Template Type Prototype1 in the Name textbox provided Press OK. At this point code has auto-magically been created. Feel free to press the F5 key to run your first XNA program. You should have a blue screen infront of you. Without getting into the nitty gritty right, the code that was generated basically creates some basic code to clear the window content with the lovely CornFlowerBlue color. Something to notice, when you move your mouse into the window...nothing. ooooo spoooky. Let's put an image on that screen! Step A - Get an Image into the solution Under "Content" in your Solution Explorer, right click and add a new folder and name it "Sprites". Copy a small image in there; I copied a "Royalty Free" wizard hat from a quick google search and named it wizards_hat.jpg (rightfully so!) Step B - Add the sprite and position fields Now, open/edit  Game1.cs Locate the following line:  SpriteBatch spriteBatch; Under this line type the following:         SpriteBatch spriteBatch; // the line you are looking for...         Texture2D sprite;         Vector2 position; Step C - Load the image asset Locate the "Load Content" Method and duplicate the following:             protected override void LoadContent()         {             spriteBatch = new SpriteBatch(GraphicsDevice);             // your image name goes here...             sprite = Content.Load<Texture2D>("Sprites\\wizards_hat");             position = new Vector2(200, 100);             base.LoadContent();         } Step D - Draw the image Locate the "Draw" Method and duplicate the following:        protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime)         {             GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.CornflowerBlue);             spriteBatch.Begin(SpriteBlendMode.AlphaBlend);             spriteBatch.Draw(sprite, position, Color.White);             spriteBatch.End();             base.Draw(gameTime);         }  Step E - Compile and Run Engage! (F5) - Debug! Your image should now display on a cornflowerblue window about 200 pixels from the left and 100 pixels from the top. Awesome! =) Pretty cool how we only coded a few lines to display an image, but believe me, there is plenty going on behind the scenes. However, for now, I'm going to call it a night here. Blogging all this progress certainly takes time... However, tomorrow night I'm going to detail what we just did, plus start checking off points on that list! I'm wondering right now if I should add pictures / code to this post...let me know if you want them =) Best Regards, D.

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  • Child transforms problem when loading 3DS models using assimp

    - by MhdSyrwan
    I'm trying to load a textured 3d model into my scene using assimp model loader. The problem is that child meshes are not situated correctly (they don't have the correct transformations). In brief: all the mTansform matrices are identity matrices, why would that be? I'm using this code to render the model: void recursive_render (const struct aiScene *sc, const struct aiNode* nd, float scale) { unsigned int i; unsigned int n=0, t; aiMatrix4x4 m = nd->mTransformation; m.Scaling(aiVector3D(scale, scale, scale), m); // update transform m.Transpose(); glPushMatrix(); glMultMatrixf((float*)&m); // draw all meshes assigned to this node for (; n < nd->mNumMeshes; ++n) { const struct aiMesh* mesh = scene->mMeshes[nd->mMeshes[n]]; apply_material(sc->mMaterials[mesh->mMaterialIndex]); if (mesh->HasBones()){ printf("model has bones"); abort(); } if(mesh->mNormals == NULL) { glDisable(GL_LIGHTING); } else { glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); } if(mesh->mColors[0] != NULL) { glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); } else { glDisable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); } for (t = 0; t < mesh->mNumFaces; ++t) { const struct aiFace* face = &mesh->mFaces[t]; GLenum face_mode; switch(face->mNumIndices) { case 1: face_mode = GL_POINTS; break; case 2: face_mode = GL_LINES; break; case 3: face_mode = GL_TRIANGLES; break; default: face_mode = GL_POLYGON; break; } glBegin(face_mode); for(i = 0; i < face->mNumIndices; i++)// go through all vertices in face { int vertexIndex = face->mIndices[i];// get group index for current index if(mesh->mColors[0] != NULL) Color4f(&mesh->mColors[0][vertexIndex]); if(mesh->mNormals != NULL) if(mesh->HasTextureCoords(0))//HasTextureCoords(texture_coordinates_set) { glTexCoord2f(mesh->mTextureCoords[0][vertexIndex].x, 1 - mesh->mTextureCoords[0][vertexIndex].y); //mTextureCoords[channel][vertex] } glNormal3fv(&mesh->mNormals[vertexIndex].x); glVertex3fv(&mesh->mVertices[vertexIndex].x); } glEnd(); } } // draw all children for (n = 0; n < nd->mNumChildren; ++n) { recursive_render(sc, nd->mChildren[n], scale); } glPopMatrix(); } What's the problem in my code ? I've added some code to abort the program if there's any bone in the meshes, but the program doesn't abort, this means : no bones, is that normal? if (mesh->HasBones()){ printf("model has bones"); abort(); } Note: I am using openGL & SFML & assimp

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  • How to convert pitch and yaw to x, y, z rotations?

    - by Aaron Anodide
    I'm a beginner using XNA to try and make a 3D Asteroids game. I'm really close to having my space ship drive around as if it had thrusters for pitch and yaw. The problem is I can't quite figure out how to translate the rotations, for instance, when I pitch forward 45 degrees and then start to turn - in this case there should be rotation being applied to all three directions to get the "diagonal yaw" - right? I thought I had it right with the calculations below, but they cause a partly pitched forward ship to wobble instead of turn.... :( So my quesiton is: how do you calculate the X, Y, and Z rotations for an object in terms of pitch and yaw? Here's current (almost working) calculations for the Rotation acceleration: float accel = .75f; // Thrust +Y / Forward if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.I)) { this.ship.AccelerationY += (float)Math.Cos(this.ship.RotationZ) * accel; this.ship.AccelerationX += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationZ) * -accel; this.ship.AccelerationZ += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationX) * accel; } // Rotation +Z / Yaw if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.J)) { this.ship.RotationAccelerationZ += (float)Math.Cos(this.ship.RotationX) * accel; this.ship.RotationAccelerationY += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationX) * accel; this.ship.RotationAccelerationX += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationY) * accel; } // Rotation -Z / Yaw if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.K)) { this.ship.RotationAccelerationZ += (float)Math.Cos(this.ship.RotationX) * -accel; this.ship.RotationAccelerationY += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationX) * -accel; this.ship.RotationAccelerationX += (float)Math.Sin(this.ship.RotationY) * -accel; } // Rotation +X / Pitch if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.F)) { this.ship.RotationAccelerationX += accel; } // Rotation -X / Pitch if (currentKeyboardState.IsKeyDown(Keys.D)) { this.ship.RotationAccelerationX -= accel; } I'm combining that with drawing code that does a rotation to the model: public void Draw(Matrix world, Matrix view, Matrix projection, TimeSpan elsapsedTime) { float seconds = (float)elsapsedTime.TotalSeconds; // update velocity based on acceleration this.VelocityX += this.AccelerationX * seconds; this.VelocityY += this.AccelerationY * seconds; this.VelocityZ += this.AccelerationZ * seconds; // update position based on velocity this.PositionX += this.VelocityX * seconds; this.PositionY += this.VelocityY * seconds; this.PositionZ += this.VelocityZ * seconds; // update rotational velocity based on rotational acceleration this.RotationVelocityX += this.RotationAccelerationX * seconds; this.RotationVelocityY += this.RotationAccelerationY * seconds; this.RotationVelocityZ += this.RotationAccelerationZ * seconds; // update rotation based on rotational velocity this.RotationX += this.RotationVelocityX * seconds; this.RotationY += this.RotationVelocityY * seconds; this.RotationZ += this.RotationVelocityZ * seconds; Matrix translation = Matrix.CreateTranslation(PositionX, PositionY, PositionZ); Matrix rotation = Matrix.CreateRotationX(RotationX) * Matrix.CreateRotationY(RotationY) * Matrix.CreateRotationZ(RotationZ); model.Root.Transform = rotation * translation * world; model.CopyAbsoluteBoneTransformsTo(boneTransforms); foreach (ModelMesh mesh in model.Meshes) { foreach (BasicEffect effect in mesh.Effects) { effect.World = boneTransforms[mesh.ParentBone.Index]; effect.View = view; effect.Projection = projection; effect.EnableDefaultLighting(); } mesh.Draw(); } }

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  • Issues glVertexAttribPointer last 2 parameters?

    - by NoobScratcher
    Introduction Hello I will start out by explaining my setup, showing samples as I go along explaining the situation. I'm using these tools: OpenGL 3.3 GLSL 330 C++ Problem The problem is when I render the wavefront obj 3d model it gives a very weird visual glitch the model was supposed to be a square but instead its a triangluated mess with parts of the vertexes pointing in a stretched direction in massive amounts towards the bottom left side of the frustum.... Explanation: I'm using std::vectors to store my wavefront .obj model data using sscanf to get the floating point values into the structure members x,y,z and store them into the Points structure variable p; int index = IndexAssigner(1, 1); ifstream file (list[index].c_str() ); points.push_back(Point()); Point p; int face[4]; while (!file.eof() ) { char modelbuffer[10000]; file.getline(modelbuffer, 10000); switch(modelbuffer[0]) { case 'v' : sscanf(modelbuffer, "v %f %f %f", &p.x, &p.y, &p.z); points.push_back(p); break; case 'f': sscanf(modelbuffer, "f %d %d %d %d", face, face+1, face+2, face+3 ); faces.push_back(face[0]); faces.push_back(face[1]); faces.push_back(face[2]); faces.push_back(face[3]); } //Turn on FileReader aka "RENDER CODE" FileReader = true; } then I render the Points vector using the .data() member of std::vectors to the frustum. Other declarations: int numfloats = 4; float* point=reinterpret_cast<float*>(&points[0]); int num_bytes=numfloats*sizeof(float); Vector declarations: struct Point {float x, y , z; }; std::vector<int>faces; std::vector<Point>points; Render code: glGenBuffers(1, &vertexbuffer); glGenTextures(1, &ModelTexture); glBindBuffer(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, vertexbuffer); glBindTexture(GL_TEXTURE_3D, ModelTexture); glTexImage2D(GL_TEXTURE_2D, 0,GL_RGBA, ModelSurface->w, ModelSurface->h, 0, GL_BGR, GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE, ModelSurface->pixels); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MIN_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glTexParameteri(GL_TEXTURE_2D, GL_TEXTURE_MAG_FILTER, GL_NEAREST); glBufferData(GL_ARRAY_BUFFER, sizeof(points), points.data(), GL_STATIC_DRAW); glVertexAttribPointer(3, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE,num_bytes ,points.data()); glEnableVertexAttribArray(3); //Translation Process GLfloat TranslationMatrix[] = { 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0 }; //Send Translation Matrix up to the vertex shader glUniformMatrix4fv(translation, 1, TRUE, TranslationMatrix); glDrawElements( GL_QUADS, faces.size(), GL_UNSIGNED_INT, faces.data()); I tried looking at what was causing this and went through every function every parameter ,etc looked at the man pages. Then found out that it could be my glVertexAttribPointer. Here are the man pages for glVertexAttribPointer http://www.opengl.org/sdk/docs/man/xhtml/glVertexAttribPointer.xml The last 2 parameters is my problem How do I write those 2 last parameters do I try putting the data from Points into it?. glVertexAttribPointer(3, 3, GL_FLOAT, GL_FALSE,num_bytes ,points.data()); How does it work with vectors? Is it fast?* if you can not be bothered too look at the man pages here is the scripts coming from the man pages directly. Stride Specifies the byte offset between consecutive generic vertex attributes. If stride is 0, the generic vertex attributes are understood to be tightly packed in the array. The initial value is 0. Pointer Specifies a pointer to the first component of the first generic vertex attribute in the array. The initial value is 0. If you want my full source - http://ideone.com/fPfkg Thanks Again if you do read this.

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  • Making AI jump on a spot effectively

    - by Pasquale Sada
    How to calculate, in 3D environment, the closest point, from which an AI character can jump onto a platform? Setup I have an initial velocity V(Vx,Vy,VZ) and a spot where the character stands still at S(Sx,Sy,Sz). What I'm trying to achieve is a successful jump on a spot E(Ex,Ey,Ez) where you have clicked on(only lower or higher spot, because I've in place a simple steering behavior for even terrains). There are no obstacles around. I've implemented a formula that can make him jump in a precise way on a spot but you need to declare an angle: the problem arise when the selected spot is straight above your head. It' pretty lame that the char hang there and can reach a thing that is 1cm above is head. I'll share the code I'm using: Vector3 dir = target - transform.position; // get target direction float h = dir.y; // get height difference dir.y = 0; // retain only the horizontal direction float dist = dir.magnitude ; // get horizontal distance float a = angle * Mathf.Deg2Rad; // convert angle to radians dir.y = dist * Mathf.Tan(a); // set dir to the elevation angle dist += h / Mathf.Tan(a); // correct for small height differences // calculate the velocity magnitude float vel = Mathf.Sqrt(dist * Physics.gravity.magnitude / Mathf.Sin(2 *a)); return vel * dir.normalized; Ended up using the lowest angle (20 degree) and checking for collision on the trajectory. If found any increase the angle. Here some code (to improve the code maybe must stop the check at the highest point of the curve): Vector3 BallisticVel(Vector3 target, float angle) { Vector3 dir = target - transform.position; // get target direction float h = dir.y; // get height difference dir.y = 0; // retain only the horizontal direction float dist = dir.magnitude ; // get horizontal distance float a = angle * Mathf.Deg2Rad; // convert angle to radians dir.y = dist * Mathf.Tan(a); // set dir to the elevation angle dist += h / Mathf.Tan(a); // correct for small height differences // calculate the velocity magnitude float vel = Mathf.Sqrt(dist * Physics.gravity.magnitude / Mathf.Sin(2 * a)); return vel * dir.normalized; } Vector3 TrajectoryPoint(Vector3 startingPosition, Vector3 startingVelocity, float n ) { float t = 1/60 ; // seconds per time step Vector3 stepVelocity = t * startingVelocity; // m/s Vector3 stepGravity = t * t * Physics.gravity; // m/s/s return startingPosition + n * stepVelocity + 0.5f * (n*n+n) * stepGravity; } bool CheckTrajectory(Vector3 startingPosition,Vector3 target, float angle_jump) { Debug.Log("checking"); if(angle_jump < 80f) { Debug.Log("if"); Vector3 startingVelocity = BallisticVel(target, angle_jump); for (int i = 0; i < 180; i++) { //Debug.Log(i); Vector3 trajectoryPosition = TrajectoryPoint( startingPosition, startingVelocity, i ); if(Physics.Raycast(trajectoryPosition,Vector3.forward,safeDistance)) { angle_jump += 10; break; // restart loop with the new angle } else continue; } return true; JumpVelocity = BallisticVel(target, angle_jump); } return false; }

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  • Projective texture and deferred lighting

    - by Vodácek
    In my previous question, I asked whether it is possible to do projective texturing with deferred lighting. Now (more than half a year later) I have a problem with my implementation of the same thing. I am trying to apply this technique in light pass. (my projector doesn't affect albedo). I have this projector View a Projection matrix: Matrix projection = Matrix.CreateOrthographicOffCenter(-halfWidth * Scale, halfWidth * Scale, -halfHeight * Scale, halfHeight * Scale, 1, 100000); Matrix view = Matrix.CreateLookAt(Position, Target, Vector3.Up); Where halfWidth and halfHeight is are half of the texture's width and height, Position is the Projector's position and target is the projector's target. This seems to be ok. I am drawing full screen quad with this shader: float4x4 InvViewProjection; texture2D DepthTexture; texture2D NormalTexture; texture2D ProjectorTexture; float4x4 ProjectorViewProjection; sampler2D depthSampler = sampler_state { texture = <DepthTexture>; minfilter = point; magfilter = point; mipfilter = point; }; sampler2D normalSampler = sampler_state { texture = <NormalTexture>; minfilter = point; magfilter = point; mipfilter = point; }; sampler2D projectorSampler = sampler_state { texture = <ProjectorTexture>; AddressU = Clamp; AddressV = Clamp; }; float viewportWidth; float viewportHeight; // Calculate the 2D screen position of a 3D position float2 postProjToScreen(float4 position) { float2 screenPos = position.xy / position.w; return 0.5f * (float2(screenPos.x, -screenPos.y) + 1); } // Calculate the size of one half of a pixel, to convert // between texels and pixels float2 halfPixel() { return 0.5f / float2(viewportWidth, viewportHeight); } struct VertexShaderInput { float4 Position : POSITION0; }; struct VertexShaderOutput { float4 Position :POSITION0; float4 PositionCopy : TEXCOORD1; }; VertexShaderOutput VertexShaderFunction(VertexShaderInput input) { VertexShaderOutput output; output.Position = input.Position; output.PositionCopy=output.Position; return output; } float4 PixelShaderFunction(VertexShaderOutput input) : COLOR0 { float2 texCoord =postProjToScreen(input.PositionCopy) + halfPixel(); // Extract the depth for this pixel from the depth map float4 depth = tex2D(depthSampler, texCoord); //return float4(depth.r,0,0,1); // Recreate the position with the UV coordinates and depth value float4 position; position.x = texCoord.x * 2 - 1; position.y = (1 - texCoord.y) * 2 - 1; position.z = depth.r; position.w = 1.0f; // Transform position from screen space to world space position = mul(position, InvViewProjection); position.xyz /= position.w; //compute projection float3 projection=tex2D(projectorSampler,postProjToScreen(mul(position,ProjectorViewProjection)) + halfPixel()); return float4(projection,1); } In first part of pixel shader is recovered position from G-buffer (this code I am using in other shaders without any problem) and then is tranformed to projector viewprojection space. Problem is that projection doesn't appear. Here is an image of my situation: The green lines are the rendered projector frustum. Where is my mistake hidden? I am using XNA 4. Thanks for advice and sorry for my English. EDIT: Shader above is working but projection was too small. When I changed the Scale property to a large value (e.g. 100), the projection appears. But when the camera moves toward the projection, the projection expands, as can bee seen on this YouTube video.

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  • How change LOD in geometry?

    - by ChaosDev
    Im looking for simple algorithm of LOD, for change geometry vertexes and decrease frame time. Im created octree, but now I want model or terrain vertex modify algorithm,not for increase(looking on tessellation later) but for decrease. I want something like this Questions: Is same algorithm can apply either to model and terrain correctly? Indexes need to be modified ? I must use octree or simple check distance between camera and object for desired effect ? New value of indexcount for DrawIndexed function needed ? Code: //m_LOD == 10 in the beginning //m_RawVerts - array of 3d Vector filled with values from vertex buffer. void DecreaseLOD() { m_LOD--; if(m_LOD<1)m_LOD=1; RebuildGeometry(); } void IncreaseLOD() { m_LOD++; if(m_LOD>10)m_LOD=10; RebuildGeometry(); } void RebuildGeometry() { void* vertexRawData = new byte[m_VertexBufferSize]; void* indexRawData = new DWORD[m_IndexCount]; auto context = mp_D3D->mp_Context; D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE data; ZeroMemory(&data,sizeof(D3D11_MAPPED_SUBRESOURCE)); context->Map(mp_VertexBuffer->mp_buffer,0,D3D11_MAP_READ,0,&data); memcpy(vertexRawData,data.pData,m_VertexBufferSize); context->Unmap(mp_VertexBuffer->mp_buffer,0); context->Map(mp_IndexBuffer->mp_buffer,0,D3D11_MAP_READ,0,&data); memcpy(indexRawData,data.pData,m_IndexBufferSize); context->Unmap(mp_IndexBuffer->mp_buffer,0); DWORD* dwI = (DWORD*)indexRawData; int sz = (m_VertexStride/sizeof(float));//size of vertex element //algorithm must be here. std::vector<Vector3d> vertices; int i = 0; for(int j = 0; j < m_VertexCount; j++) { float x1 = (((float*)vertexRawData)[0+i]); float y1 = (((float*)vertexRawData)[1+i]); float z1 = (((float*)vertexRawData)[2+i]); Vector3d lv = Vector3d(x1,y1,z1); //my useless attempts if(j+m_LOD+1<m_RawVerts.size()) { float v1 = VECTORHELPER::Distance(m_RawVerts[dwI[j]],m_RawVerts[dwI[j+m_LOD]]); float v2 = VECTORHELPER::Distance(m_RawVerts[dwI[j]],m_RawVerts[dwI[j+m_LOD+1]]); if(v1>v2) lv = m_RawVerts[dwI[j+1]]; else if(v2<v1) lv = m_RawVerts[dwI[j+2]]; } (((float*)vertexRawData)[0+i]) = lv.x; (((float*)vertexRawData)[1+i]) = lv.y; (((float*)vertexRawData)[2+i]) = lv.z; i+=sz;//pass others vertex format values without change } for(int j = 0; j < m_IndexCount; j++) { //indices ? } //set vertexes to device UpdateVertexes(vertexRawData,mp_VertexBuffer->getSize()); delete[] vertexRawData; delete[] indexRawData; }

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  • Help understand GLSL directional light on iOS (left handed coord system)

    - by Robse
    I now have changed from GLKBaseEffect to a own shader implementation. I have a shader management, which compiles and applies a shader to the right time and does some shader setup like lights. Please have a look at my vertex shader code. Now, light direction should be provided in eye space, but I think there is something I don't get right. After I setup my view with camera I save a lightMatrix to transform the light from global space to eye space. My modelview and projection setup: - (void)setupViewWithWidth:(int)width height:(int)height camera:(N3DCamera *)aCamera { aCamera.aspect = (float)width / (float)height; float aspect = aCamera.aspect; float far = aCamera.far; float near = aCamera.near; float vFOV = aCamera.fieldOfView; float top = near * tanf(M_PI * vFOV / 360.0f); float bottom = -top; float right = aspect * top; float left = -right; // projection GLKMatrixStackLoadMatrix4(projectionStack, GLKMatrix4MakeFrustum(left, right, bottom, top, near, far)); // identity modelview GLKMatrixStackLoadMatrix4(modelviewStack, GLKMatrix4Identity); // switch to left handed coord system (forward = z+) GLKMatrixStackMultiplyMatrix4(modelviewStack, GLKMatrix4MakeScale(1, 1, -1)); // transform camera GLKMatrixStackMultiplyMatrix4(modelviewStack, GLKMatrix4MakeWithMatrix3(GLKMatrix3Transpose(aCamera.orientation))); GLKMatrixStackTranslate(modelviewStack, -aCamera.position.x, -aCamera.position.y, -aCamera.position.z); } - (GLKMatrix4)modelviewMatrix { return GLKMatrixStackGetMatrix4(modelviewStack); } - (GLKMatrix4)projectionMatrix { return GLKMatrixStackGetMatrix4(projectionStack); } - (GLKMatrix4)modelviewProjectionMatrix { return GLKMatrix4Multiply([self projectionMatrix], [self modelviewMatrix]); } - (GLKMatrix3)normalMatrix { return GLKMatrix3InvertAndTranspose(GLKMatrix4GetMatrix3([self modelviewProjectionMatrix]), NULL); } After that, I save the lightMatrix like this: [self.renderer setupViewWithWidth:view.drawableWidth height:view.drawableHeight camera:self.camera]; self.lightMatrix = [self.renderer modelviewProjectionMatrix]; And just before I render a 3d entity of the scene graph, I setup the light config for its shader with the lightMatrix like this: - (N3DLight)transformedLight:(N3DLight)light transformation:(GLKMatrix4)matrix { N3DLight transformedLight = N3DLightMakeDisabled(); if (N3DLightIsDirectional(light)) { GLKVector3 direction = GLKVector3MakeWithArray(GLKMatrix4MultiplyVector4(matrix, light.position).v); direction = GLKVector3Negate(direction); // HACK -> TODO: get lightMatrix right! transformedLight = N3DLightMakeDirectional(direction, light.diffuse, light.specular); } else { ... } return transformedLight; } You see the line, where I negate the direction!? I can't explain why I need to do that, but if I do, the lights are correct as far as I can tell. Please help me, to get rid of the hack. I'am scared that this has something to do, with my switch to left handed coord system. My vertex shader looks like this: attribute highp vec4 inPosition; attribute lowp vec4 inNormal; ... uniform highp mat4 MVP; uniform highp mat4 MV; uniform lowp mat3 N; uniform lowp vec4 constantColor; uniform lowp vec4 ambient; uniform lowp vec4 light0Position; uniform lowp vec4 light0Diffuse; uniform lowp vec4 light0Specular; varying lowp vec4 vColor; varying lowp vec3 vTexCoord0; vec4 calcDirectional(vec3 dir, vec4 diffuse, vec4 specular, vec3 normal) { float NdotL = max(dot(normal, dir), 0.0); return NdotL * diffuse; } ... vec4 calcLight(vec4 pos, vec4 diffuse, vec4 specular, vec3 normal) { if (pos.w == 0.0) { // Directional Light return calcDirectional(normalize(pos.xyz), diffuse, specular, normal); } else { ... } } void main(void) { // position highp vec4 position = MVP * inPosition; gl_Position = position; // normal lowp vec3 normal = inNormal.xyz / inNormal.w; normal = N * normal; normal = normalize(normal); // colors vColor = constantColor * ambient; // add lights vColor += calcLight(light0Position, light0Diffuse, light0Specular, normal); ... }

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  • C# XNA Handle mouse events?

    - by user406470
    I'm making a 2D game engine called Clixel over on GitHub. The problem I have relates to two classes, ClxMouse and ClxButton. In it I have a mouse class - the code for that can be viewed here. ClxMouse using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; namespace org.clixel { public class ClxMouse : ClxSprite { private MouseState _curmouse, _lastmouse; public int Sensitivity = 3; public bool Lock = true; public Vector2 Change { get { return new Vector2(_curmouse.X - _lastmouse.X, _curmouse.Y - _lastmouse.Y); } } private int _scrollwheel; public int ScrollWheel { get { return _scrollwheel; } } public bool LeftDown { get { if (_curmouse.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed) return true; else return false; } } public bool RightDown { get { if (_curmouse.RightButton == ButtonState.Pressed) return true; else return false; } } public bool MiddleDown { get { if (_curmouse.MiddleButton == ButtonState.Pressed) return true; else return false; } } public bool LeftPressed { get { if (_curmouse.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed && _lastmouse.LeftButton == ButtonState.Released) return true; else return false; } } public bool RightPressed { get { if (_curmouse.RightButton == ButtonState.Pressed && _lastmouse.RightButton == ButtonState.Released) return true; else return false; } } public bool MiddlePressed { get { if (_curmouse.MiddleButton == ButtonState.Pressed && _lastmouse.MiddleButton == ButtonState.Released) return true; else return false; } } public bool LeftReleased { get { if (_curmouse.LeftButton == ButtonState.Released && _lastmouse.LeftButton == ButtonState.Pressed) return true; else return false; } } public bool RightReleased { get { if (_curmouse.RightButton == ButtonState.Released && _lastmouse.RightButton == ButtonState.Pressed) return true; else return false; } } public bool MiddleReleased { get { if (_curmouse.MiddleButton == ButtonState.Released && _lastmouse.MiddleButton == ButtonState.Pressed) return true; else return false; } } public MouseState CurMouse { get { return _curmouse; } } public MouseState LastMouse { get { return _lastmouse; } } public ClxMouse() : base(ClxG.Textures.Default.Cursor) { _curmouse = Mouse.GetState(); _lastmouse = _curmouse; CollisionBox = new Rectangle(ClxG.Screen.Center.X, ClxG.Screen.Center.Y, Texture.Width, Texture.Height); this.Solid = false; DefaultPosition = new Vector2(CollisionBox.X, CollisionBox.Y); Mouse.SetPosition(CollisionBox.X, CollisionBox.Y); } public ClxMouse(Texture2D _texture) : base(_texture) { _curmouse = Mouse.GetState(); _lastmouse = _curmouse; CollisionBox = new Rectangle(ClxG.Screen.Center.X, ClxG.Screen.Center.Y, Texture.Width, Texture.Height); DefaultPosition = new Vector2(CollisionBox.X, CollisionBox.Y); } public override void Update() { _lastmouse = _curmouse; _curmouse = Mouse.GetState(); if (_curmouse != _lastmouse) { if (ClxG.Game.IsActive) { _scrollwheel = _curmouse.ScrollWheelValue; Velocity = new Vector2(Change.X / Sensitivity, Change.Y / Sensitivity); if (Lock) Mouse.SetPosition(ClxG.Screen.Center.X, ClxG.Screen.Center.Y); _curmouse = Mouse.GetState(); } base.Update(); } } public override void Draw(SpriteBatch _sb) { base.Draw(_sb); } } } ClxButton using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; namespace org.clixel { public class ClxButton : ClxSprite { /// <summary> /// The color when the mouse is over the button /// </summary> public Color HoverColor; /// <summary> /// The color when the color is being clicked /// </summary> public Color ClickColor; /// <summary> /// The color when the button is inactive /// </summary> public Color InactiveColor; /// <summary> /// The color when the button is active /// </summary> public Color ActiveColor; /// <summary> /// The color after the button has been clicked. /// </summary> public Color ClickedColor; /// <summary> /// The text to be displayed on the button, set to "" if no text is needed. /// </summary> public string Text; /// <summary> /// The ClxText object to be displayed. /// </summary> public ClxText TextRender; /// <summary> /// The ClxState that should be ResetAndShow() when the button is clicked. /// </summary> public ClxState ClickState; /// <summary> /// Collision check to make sure onCollide() only runs once per frame, /// since only the mouse needs to be collision checked. /// </summary> private bool _runonce = false; /// <summary> /// Gets a value indicating whether this instance is colliding. /// </summary> /// <value> /// <c>true</c> if this instance is colliding; otherwise, <c>false</c>. /// </value> public bool IsColliding { get { return _runonce; } } /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="ClxButton"/> class. /// </summary> public ClxButton() : base(ClxG.Textures.Default.Button) { HoverColor = Color.Red; ClickColor = Color.Blue; InactiveColor = Color.Gray; ActiveColor = Color.White; ClickedColor = Color.Yellow; Text = Name + ID + " Unset!"; TextRender = new ClxText(); TextRender.Text = Text; TextRender.TextPadding = new Vector2(5, 5); ClickState = null; CollideObjects(ClxG.Mouse); } /// <summary> /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="ClxButton"/> class. /// </summary> /// <param name="_texture">The button texture.</param> public ClxButton(Texture2D _texture) : base(_texture) { HoverColor = Color.Red; ClickColor = Color.Blue; InactiveColor = Color.Gray; ActiveColor = Color.White; ClickedColor = Color.Yellow; Texture = _texture; Text = Name + ID; TextRender = new ClxText(); TextRender.Name = this.Name + ".TextRender"; TextRender.Text = Text; TextRender.TextPadding = new Vector2(5, 5); TextRender.Reset(); ClickState = null; CollideObjects(ClxG.Mouse); } /// <summary> /// Draws the debug information, run from ClxG.DrawDebug unless manual control is assumed. /// </summary> /// <param name="_sb">SpriteBatch used for drawing.</param> public override void DrawDebug(SpriteBatch _sb) { _runonce = false; TextRender.DrawDebug(_sb); _sb.Draw(Texture, ActualRectangle, new Rectangle(0, 0, Texture.Width, Texture.Height), DebugColor, Rotation, Origin, Flip, Layer); _sb.Draw(ClxG.Textures.Default.DebugBG, new Rectangle(ActualRectangle.X - DebugLineWidth, ActualRectangle.Y - DebugLineWidth, ActualRectangle.Width + DebugLineWidth * 2, ActualRectangle.Height + DebugLineWidth * 2), new Rectangle(0, 0, ClxG.Textures.Default.DebugBG.Width, ClxG.Textures.Default.DebugBG.Height), DebugOutline, Rotation, Origin, Flip, Layer - 0.1f); _sb.Draw(ClxG.Textures.Default.DebugBG, ActualRectangle, new Rectangle(0, 0, ClxG.Textures.Default.DebugBG.Width, ClxG.Textures.Default.DebugBG.Height), DebugBGColor, Rotation, Origin, Flip, Layer - 0.01f); } /// <summary> /// Draws using the SpriteBatch, run from ClxG.Draw unless manual control is assumed. /// </summary> /// <param name="_sb">SpriteBatch used for drawing.</param> public override void Draw(SpriteBatch _sb) { _runonce = false; TextRender.Draw(_sb); if (Visible) if (Debug) { DrawDebug(_sb); } else _sb.Draw(Texture, ActualRectangle, new Rectangle(0, 0, Texture.Width, Texture.Height), Color, Rotation, Origin, Flip, Layer); } /// <summary> /// Updates this instance. /// </summary> public override void Update() { if (this.Color != ActiveColor) this.Color = ActiveColor; TextRender.Layer = this.Layer + 0.03f; TextRender.Text = Text; TextRender.Scale = .5f; TextRender.Name = this.Name + ".TextRender"; TextRender.Origin = new Vector2(TextRender.CollisionBox.Center.X, TextRender.CollisionBox.Center.Y); TextRender.Center(this); TextRender.Update(); this.CollisionBox.Width = (int)(TextRender.CollisionBox.Width * TextRender.Scale) + (int)(TextRender.TextPadding.X * 2); this.CollisionBox.Height = (int)(TextRender.CollisionBox.Height * TextRender.Scale) + (int)(TextRender.TextPadding.Y * 2); base.Update(); } /// <summary> /// Collide event, takes the colliding object to call it's proper collision code. /// You'd want to use something like if(typeof(collider) == typeof(ClxObject) /// </summary> /// <param name="collider">The colliding object.</param> public override void onCollide(ClxObject collider) { if (!_runonce) { _runonce = true; UpdateEvents(); base.onCollide(collider); } } /// <summary> /// Updates the mouse based events. /// </summary> public void UpdateEvents() { onHover(); if (ClxG.Mouse.LeftReleased) { onLeftReleased(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.RightReleased) { onRightReleased(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.MiddleReleased) { onMiddleReleased(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.LeftPressed) { onLeftClicked(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.RightPressed) { onRightClicked(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.MiddlePressed) { onMiddleClicked(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.LeftDown) { onLeftClick(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.RightDown) { onRightClick(); return; } if (ClxG.Mouse.MiddleDown) { onMiddleClick(); return; } } /// <summary> /// Shows the state of the click. /// </summary> public void ShowClickState() { if (ClickState != null) { ClickState.ResetAndShow(); } } /// <summary> /// Hover event /// </summary> virtual public void onHover() { this.Color = HoverColor; } /// <summary> /// Left click event /// </summary> virtual public void onLeftClick() { this.Color = ClickColor; } /// <summary> /// Right click event /// </summary> virtual public void onRightClick() { } /// <summary> /// Middle click event /// </summary> virtual public void onMiddleClick() { } /// <summary> /// Left click event, called once per click /// </summary> virtual public void onLeftClicked() { ShowClickState(); } /// <summary> /// Right click event, called once per click /// </summary> virtual public void onRightClicked() { this.Reset(); } /// <summary> /// Middle click event, called once per click /// </summary> virtual public void onMiddleClicked() { } /// <summary> /// Ons the left released. /// </summary> virtual public void onLeftReleased() { this.Color = ClickedColor; } virtual public void onRightReleased() { } virtual public void onMiddleReleased() { } } } The issue I have is that I have all these have event styled methods, especially in ClxButton with all the onLeftClick, onRightClick, etc, etc. Is there a better way for me to handle these events to be a lot more easier for a programmer to use? I was looking at normal events on some other sites, (I'd post them but I need more rep.) and didn't really see a good way to implement delegate events into my framework. I'm not really sure how these events work, could someone possibly lay out how these events are processed for me? TL:DR * Is there a better way to handle events like this? * Are events a viable solution to this problem? Thanks in advance for any help.

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  • Silverlight Cream for March 10, 2011 -- #1058

    - by Dave Campbell
    In this Issue: Ian T. Lackey, Peter Kuhn, WindowsPhoneGeek(-2-), Jesse Liberty(-2-), Martin Krüger, John Papa, Jeremy Likness, Karl Shifflett, and Colin Eberhardt. Above the Fold: Silverlight: "Silverlight TV 65: 3D Graphics" John Papa WP7: "Developing a Windows Phone 7 Jump List Control" Colin Eberhardt Shoutouts: Telerik announced a special sale on their RadControls for WP7... check it out: RadControls for Windows Phone 7 - on Sale from March 16th at a Special Promo Price! From SilverlightCream.com: Prism BootStrapper Load ModuleCatalog Ansyc Ian T. Lackey has a post up about reading the module catalog for Prism from an XML file asynchronously... fun stuff... this is how we kick-started our app... XNA for Silverlight developers: Part 6 - Input (accelerometer) Peter Kuhn has Part 6 of his XNA for Silverlight devs up at SilverlightShow. This post is on the use of the accelerometer... some great diagrams and explanations of it's use along with some code to play with... including a 'problems and pitfalls' section, and some good external links. Getting Started with Unit Testing in Silverlight for WP7 WindowsPhoneGeek has an introduction to Unit Testing in general, and then moves into Unit Testing in Silverlight for WP7, providing 3 options with links to the materials and code demonstrating the concepts. Using DockPanel in WP7 Responding to reader's questions, WindowsPhoneGeek's next post is on the DockPanel from the Silverlight Toolkit, and using it in WP7... defined declaratively and in code. Reactive Extensions–More About Chaining Jesse Liberty has post number 10 on Rx up and is a follow-on to the last one on Chaining. This time he exercises the chaining aspect of SelectMany. Yet Another Podcast #26–Walt Ritscher In his next post, Jesse Liberty has his 26th 'Yet Another Podcast' up and is chatting with my friend Walt Ritscher. If you don't know who Walt is, check out the links Jesse has on the post... I'm sure you've crossed paths. How to: Create A half square from a regular polygon (triangle) Martin Krüger demonstrates the exact placement of a half-square (isosceles right triangle), formed with a regular polygon in Blend... this is much more involved than I've made it sound... check out his post. Silverlight TV 65: 3D Graphics John Papa has Silverlight TV number 65 up and it's all about the 3D graphics stuff we saw at the Firestarter. John is talking with Danny Riddel, the CEO of Archetype, the company that built the awesome 3D demo we all gushed over. Jounce Part 12: Providing History-Based Back Navigation Jeremy Likness has part 12 of his Jounce exploration up... and discussing the stack of navigated pages that Jounce retains and providing a 'go back' functionality... and provides a good example of using it all. Prism 4 Region Navigation with Silverlight Frame Navigation and Unity Karl Shifflett has a post for all us Prism afficianados... Prism, Unity, and the Silverlight Frame Navigation framework. Some great external links for 'required reading' too. Developing a Windows Phone 7 Jump List Control Colin Eberhardt has an awesome tutorial up for creating a JumpList control for WP7... what a bunch of effort... this is a step-by-step description of designing the control he built and blogged about a while back... and it's still cool! Stay in the 'Light! Twitter SilverlightNews | Twitter WynApse | WynApse.com | Tagged Posts | SilverlightCream Join me @ SilverlightCream | Phoenix Silverlight User Group Technorati Tags: Silverlight    Silverlight 3    Silverlight 4    Windows Phone MIX10

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  • Creating a new instance, C#

    - by Dave Voyles
    This sounds like a very n00b question, but bear with me here: I'm trying to access the position of my bat (paddle) in my pong game and use it in my ball class. I'm doing this because I want a particle effect to go off at the point of contact where the ball hits the bat. Each time the ball hits the bat, I receive an error stating that I haven't created an instance of the bat. I understand that I have to (or can use a static class), but I'm not sure of how to do so in this example. I've included both my Bat and Ball classes. namespace Pong { #region Using Statements using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Audio; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Input; #endregion public class Ball { #region Fields private readonly Random rand; private readonly Texture2D texture; private readonly SoundEffect warp; private double direction; private bool isVisible; private float moveSpeed; private Vector2 position; private Vector2 resetPos; private Rectangle size; private float speed; private bool isResetting; private bool collided; private Vector2 oldPos; private ParticleEngine particleEngine; private ContentManager contentManager; private SpriteBatch spriteBatch; private bool hasHitBat; private AIBat aiBat; private Bat bat; #endregion #region Constructors and Destructors /// <summary> /// Constructor for the ball /// </summary> public Ball(ContentManager contentManager, Vector2 ScreenSize) { moveSpeed = 15f; speed = 0; texture = contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/balls/redBall"); direction = 0; size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height); resetPos = new Vector2(ScreenSize.X / 2, ScreenSize.Y / 2); position = resetPos; rand = new Random(); isVisible = true; hasHitBat = false; // Everything to do with particles List<Texture2D> textures = new List<Texture2D>(); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/circle")); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/star")); textures.Add(contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/particle/diamond")); particleEngine = new ParticleEngine(textures, new Vector2()); } #endregion #region Public Methods and Operators /// <summary> /// Checks for the collision between the bat and the ball. Sends ball in the appropriate /// direction /// </summary> public void BatHit(int block) { if (direction > Math.PI * 1.5f || direction < Math.PI * 0.5f) { hasHitBat = true; particleEngine.EmitterLocation = new Vector2(aiBat.Position.X, aiBat.Position.Y); switch (block) { case 1: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(200); break; case 2: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(195); break; case 3: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(180); break; case 4: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(180); break; case 5: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(165); break; } } else { hasHitBat = true; particleEngine.EmitterLocation = new Vector2(bat.Position.X, bat.Position.Y); switch (block) { case 1: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(310); break; case 2: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(345); break; case 3: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(0); break; case 4: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(15); break; case 5: direction = MathHelper.ToRadians(50); break; } } if (rand.Next(2) == 0) { direction += MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(3)); } else { direction -= MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(3)); } AudioManager.Instance.PlaySoundEffect("hit"); } /// <summary> /// JEP - added method to slow down ball after powerup deactivates /// </summary> public void DecreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed -= 0.6f; } /// <summary> /// Draws the ball on the screen /// </summary> public void Draw(SpriteBatch spriteBatch) { if (isVisible) { spriteBatch.Begin(); spriteBatch.Draw(texture, size, Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); // Draws sprites for particles when contact is made particleEngine.Draw(spriteBatch); } } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current direction of the ball /// </summary> public double GetDirection() { return direction; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current position of the ball /// </summary> public Vector2 GetPosition() { return position; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current size of the ball (for the powerups) /// </summary> public Rectangle GetSize() { return size; } /// <summary> /// Grows the size of the ball when the GrowBall powerup is used. /// </summary> public void GrowBall() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width * 2, texture.Height * 2); } /// <summary> /// Was used to increased the speed of the ball after each point is scored. /// No longer used, but am considering implementing again. /// </summary> public void IncreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed += 0.6f; } /// <summary> /// Check for the ball to return normal size after the Powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalBallSize() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width, texture.Height); } /// <summary> /// Check for the ball to return normal speed after the Powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalSpeed() { moveSpeed += 15f; } /// <summary> /// Checks to see if ball went out of bounds, and triggers warp sfx /// </summary> public void OutOfBounds() { // Checks if the player is still alive or not if (isResetting) { AudioManager.Instance.PlaySoundEffect("warp"); { // Used to stop the the issue where the ball hit sfx kept going off when detecting collison isResetting = false; AudioManager.Instance.Dispose(); } } } /// <summary> /// Speed for the ball when Speedball powerup is activated /// </summary> public void PowerupSpeed() { moveSpeed += 20.0f; } /// <summary> /// Check for where to reset the ball after each point is scored /// </summary> public void Reset(bool left) { if (left) { direction = 0; } else { direction = Math.PI; } // Used to stop the the issue where the ball hit sfx kept going off when detecting collison isResetting = true; position = resetPos; // Resets the ball to the center of the screen isVisible = true; speed = 15f; // Returns the ball back to the default speed, in case the speedBall was active if (rand.Next(2) == 0) { direction += MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(30)); } else { direction -= MathHelper.ToRadians(rand.Next(30)); } } /// <summary> /// Shrinks the ball when the ShrinkBall powerup is activated /// </summary> public void ShrinkBall() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, texture.Width / 2, texture.Height / 2); } /// <summary> /// Stops the ball each time it is reset. Ex: Between points / rounds /// </summary> public void Stop() { isVisible = true; speed = 0; } /// <summary> /// Updates position of the ball /// </summary> public void UpdatePosition() { size.X = (int)position.X; size.Y = (int)position.Y; oldPos.X = position.X; oldPos.Y = position.Y; position.X += speed * (float)Math.Cos(direction); position.Y += speed * (float)Math.Sin(direction); bool collided = CheckWallHit(); particleEngine.Update(); // Stops the issue where ball was oscillating on the ceiling or floor if (collided) { position.X = oldPos.X + speed * (float)Math.Cos(direction); position.Y = oldPos.Y + speed * (float)Math.Sin(direction); } } #endregion #region Methods /// <summary> /// Checks for collision with the ceiling or floor. 2*Math.pi = 360 degrees /// </summary> private bool CheckWallHit() { while (direction > 2 * Math.PI) { direction -= 2 * Math.PI; return true; } while (direction < 0) { direction += 2 * Math.PI; return true; } if (position.Y <= 0 || (position.Y > resetPos.Y * 2 - size.Height)) { direction = 2 * Math.PI - direction; return true; } return true; } #endregion } } namespace Pong { using Microsoft.Xna.Framework; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Content; using Microsoft.Xna.Framework.Graphics; using System; public class Bat { public Vector2 Position; public float moveSpeed; public Rectangle size; private int points; private int yHeight; private Texture2D leftBat; public float turbo; public float recharge; public float interval; public bool isTurbo; /// <summary> /// Constructor for the bat /// </summary> public Bat(ContentManager contentManager, Vector2 screenSize, bool side) { moveSpeed = 7f; turbo = 15f; recharge = 100f; points = 0; interval = 5f; leftBat = contentManager.Load<Texture2D>(@"gfx/bats/batGrey"); size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width, leftBat.Height); // True means left bat, false means right bat. if (side) Position = new Vector2(30, screenSize.Y / 2 - size.Height / 2); else Position = new Vector2(screenSize.X - 30, screenSize.Y / 2 - size.Height / 2); yHeight = (int)screenSize.Y; } public void IncreaseSpeed() { moveSpeed += .5f; } /// <summary> /// The speed of the bat when Turbo is activated /// </summary> public void Turbo() { moveSpeed += 8.0f; } /// <summary> /// Returns the speed of the bat back to normal after Turbo is deactivated /// </summary> public void DisableTurbo() { moveSpeed = 7.0f; isTurbo = false; } /// <summary> /// Returns the bat to the nrmal size after the Grow/Shrink powerup has expired /// </summary> public void NormalSize() { size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width, leftBat.Height); } /// <summary> /// Checks for the size of the bat /// </summary> public Rectangle GetSize() { return size; } /// <summary> /// Adds point to the player or the AI after scoring. Currently Disabled. /// </summary> public void IncrementPoints() { points++; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the number of points at the moment /// </summary> public int GetPoints() { return points; } /// <summary> /// Sets thedefault starting position for the bats /// </summary> /// <param name="position"></param> public void SetPosition(Vector2 position) { if (position.Y < 0) { position.Y = 0; } if (position.Y > yHeight - size.Height) { position.Y = yHeight - size.Height; } this.Position = position; } /// <summary> /// Checks for the current position of the bat /// </summary> public Vector2 GetPosition() { return Position; } /// <summary> /// Controls the bat moving up the screen /// </summary> public void MoveUp() { SetPosition(Position + new Vector2(0, -moveSpeed)); } /// <summary> /// Controls the bat moving down the screen /// </summary> public void MoveDown() { SetPosition(Position + new Vector2(0, moveSpeed)); } /// <summary> /// Updates the position of the AI bat, in order to track the ball /// </summary> /// <param name="ball"></param> public virtual void UpdatePosition(Ball ball) { size.X = (int)Position.X; size.Y = (int)Position.Y; } /// <summary> /// Resets the bat to the center location after a new game starts /// </summary> public void ResetPosition() { SetPosition(new Vector2(GetPosition().X, yHeight / 2 - size.Height)); } /// <summary> /// Used for the Growbat powerup /// </summary> public void GrowBat() { // Doubles the size of the bat collision size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width * 2, leftBat.Height * 2); } /// <summary> /// Used for the Shrinkbat powerup /// </summary> public void ShrinkBat() { // 1/2 the size of the bat collision size = new Rectangle(0, 0, leftBat.Width / 2, leftBat.Height / 2); } /// <summary> /// Draws the bats /// </summary> public virtual void Draw(SpriteBatch batch) { batch.Draw(leftBat, size, Color.White); } } }

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  • "The connection has timed out" - Please help!

    - by gon
    I recently installed a fresh Ubuntu 12.04 LTS on a desktop, and the installation itself was successful (other than 'grub rescue' issue that I encountered but fixed) but this connection problem is really giving me a headache. Symptoms: 1. When I open the FireFox browser and try to connect to a website, it just hangs for a while saying "Connecting..." but eventually loads an error page "The connection has timed out". 2. It's not a browser problem (and I tried setting ipv6 thing to "true" at about:config) because running "sudo apt-get install [some-random-package]" at terminal fails ("E: Unable to locate package [package]") too. All other operations that need internet access are not working. 3. I certainly see a wired network (called "eth1") at the Network Manager, and it says "Connection Established" after disconnecting and then connecting again. I have tried almost everything that could be found from google search results still no luck. Their problems slightly differ from mine or the solutions just don't work. By the way it didn't have internet access when installing Ubuntu 12.04. (I ignored the message that I need internet to install Ubuntu) Could this be a problem? I'm sorry I don't remember if internet worked or not on the previous version of Ubuntu. :( I would really appreciate your help... I don't even know what more to do if this fails too.. Thanks!! Thanks for your comment. Here is the result of ifconfig: eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 78:ac:c0:3d:b2:b9 inet addr:10.10.65.185 Bcast:10.10.65.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 inet6 addr: fe80::7aac:c0ff:fe3d:b2b9/64 Scope:Link UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:3907 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:771 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:393118 (393.1 KB) TX bytes:73472 (73.4 KB) Interrupt:16 eth1 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 78:ac:c0:3d:b2:b8 UP BROADCAST MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:0 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000 RX bytes:0 (0.0 B) TX bytes:0 (0.0 B) Interrupt:17 lo Link encap:Local Loopback inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0 inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:16436 Metric:1 RX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:4 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:0 RX bytes:204 (204.0 B) TX bytes:204 (204.0 B) route -n: Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 0.0.0.0 10.10.65.1 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth0 10.10.65.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 1 0 0 eth0 169.254.0.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 U 1000 0 0 eth0 /etc/resolv.conf: # Dynamic resolv.conf(5) file for glibc resolver(3) generated by resolvconf(8) # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE BY HAND -- YOUR CHANGES WILL BE OVERWRITTEN nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4 nameserver 10.81.1.8 nameserver 10.1.2.10 nameserver 127.0.0.1 search yamatake.local /etc/network/interfaces: auto lo iface lo inet loopback #auto eth0 #iface eth0 inet dhcp #auto eth1 #iface eth1 inet dhcp And I'll also include the result of 'sudo lshw -C network' in case it might help: *-network description: Ethernet interface product: NetXtreme BCM5764M Gigabit Ethernet PCIe vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:02:00.0 logical name: eth0 version: 10 serial: 78:ac:c0:3d:b2:b9 size: 100Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=tg3 driverversion=3.121 duplex=full firmware=5764m-v3.35 ip=10.10.65.185 latency=0 link=yes multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100Mbit/s resources: irq:93 memory:fc000000-fc00ffff *-network description: Ethernet interface product: NetXtreme BCM5764M Gigabit Ethernet PCIe vendor: Broadcom Corporation physical id: 0 bus info: pci@0000:01:00.0 logical name: eth1 version: 10 serial: 78:ac:c0:3d:b2:b8 size: 100Mbit/s capacity: 1Gbit/s width: 64 bits clock: 33MHz capabilities: pm vpd msi pciexpress bus_master cap_list ethernet physical tp 10bt 10bt-fd 100bt 100bt-fd 1000bt 1000bt-fd autonegotiation configuration: autonegotiation=on broadcast=yes driver=tg3 driverversion=3.121 duplex=full firmware=5764m-v3.35 latency=0 link=no multicast=yes port=twisted pair speed=100Mbit/s resources: irq:94 memory:fb000000-fb00ffff

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  • Two pass blur shader using libgdx tile map renderer

    - by Alexandre GUIDET
    I am trying to apply the following technique: blur effect using two pass shader to my libgdx game using the OrthogonalTiledMapRenderer. The idea is to blur the background wich is also a tilemap but rendered with another camera with a different zoom applied. Here is a screen capture without effect: Using the OrthogonalTiledMapRenderer sprite batch like this: backgroundMapRenderer.getSpriteBatch().setShader(shaderBlurX); backgroundMapRenderer.render(layerBackground); I get the following render: Wich is ok for X blur pass. I then try using frame buffer object like in this example. But the effect seems to be too much zoomed: I may be messing up with the camera and the zoom factor. Here is the code: private ShaderProgram shaderBlurX; private ShaderProgram shaderBlurY; private int FBO_SIZE = 800; private FrameBuffer targetA; private FrameBuffer targetB; targetA = new FrameBuffer(Pixmap.Format.RGBA8888, FBO_SIZE, FBO_SIZE, false); targetB = new FrameBuffer(Pixmap.Format.RGBA8888, FBO_SIZE, FBO_SIZE, false); targetA.begin(); Gdx.gl.glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 0); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); backgroundMapRenderer.render(layerBackground); targetA.end(); targetB.begin(); Gdx.gl.glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 0); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); backgroundMapRenderer.getSpriteBatch().setShader(shaderBlurX); backgroundMapRenderer.render(layerBackground); targetB.end(); TextureRegion back = new TextureRegion(targetB.getColorBufferTexture()); back.flip(false, true); backgroundMapRenderer.getSpriteBatch() .setProjectionMatrix(backgroundCamera.combined); backgroundMapRenderer.getSpriteBatch().setShader(shaderBlurY); backgroundMapRenderer.getSpriteBatch().begin(); backgroundMapRenderer.getSpriteBatch().draw(back, 0, 0); backgroundMapRenderer.getSpriteBatch().end(); I know I am making something the wrong way, but I can't find any resources about applying two passes shader using tile map renderer. Does someone know how to achieve this?

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  • Pixel Shader, YUV-RGB Conversion failing

    - by TomTom
    I am tasked with playing back a video hthat comes in in a YUV format as an overlay in a larger game. I am not a specialist in Direct3d, so I am struggling. I managed to get a shader working and am rendering 3 textures (Y, V, U). Sadly I am totally unable to get anything like a decent image. Documentation is also failing me. I am currently loading the different data planes (Y,V,U) in three different textures: m_Textures = new Texture[3]; // Y Plane m_Textures[0] = new Texture(m_Device, w, h, 1, Usage.None, Format.L8, Pool.Managed); // V Plane m_Textures[1] = new Texture(m_Device, w2, h2, 1, Usage.None, Format.L8, Pool.Managed); // U Plane m_Textures[2] = new Texture(m_Device, w2, h2, 1, Usage.None, Format.L8, Pool.Managed); When I am rendering them as R, G and B respectively with the following code: float4 Pixel( float2 texCoord: TEXCOORD0) : COLOR0 { float y = tex2D (ytexture, texCoord); float v = tex2D (vtexture, texCoord); float u = tex2D (utexture, texCoord); //R = Y + 1.140 (V -128) //G = Y - 0.395 (U-128) - 0.581 (V-128) //B = Y + 2.028 (U-128) float r = y; //y + 1.140 * v; float g = v; //y - 0.395 * u - 0.581 * v; float b = u; //y + 2.028 * u; float4 result; result.a = 255; result.r = r; //clamp (r, 0, 255); result.g = g; //clamp (g, 0, 255); result.b = b; //clamp (b, 0, 255); return result; } Then the resulting image is - quite funny. I can see the image, but colors are totally distorted, as it should be. The formula I should apply shows up in the comment of the pixel shader, but when I do it, the resulting image is pretty brutally magenta only. This gets me to the question - when I read out an L8 texture into a float, with float y = tex2D (ytexture, texCoord); what is the range of values? The "origin" values are 1 byte, 0 to 255, and the forum I have assumes this. Naturally I am totally off when the values returned are somehow normalized. My Clamp operation at the end also will fail if for example colors in a pixel shader are normalized 0 to 1. Anyone an idea how that works? Please point me also to documentation - I have not found anything in this regard.

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  • Play a Complete HTML5 Version of Super Mario Bros. Online for Free

    - by Akemi Iwaya
    If you love playing Super Mario Brothers, but hate the hassle of dealing with or setting up the game console, then you will be pleased to know a new and complete version is now available to play online. Josh Goldberg has worked hard to recreate the classic game in its entirety in HTML5, so sit back, relax, and get ready to enjoy all that Mario goodness via your favorite browser. There are three ‘modes’ of game play available: play through reproductions of the original classic levels, test yourself against randomly generated levels, or use the level editor to create custom levels. Special Note: There are two online versions available…one for playing in Google Chrome and one for playing in all other browsers. For our example we chose to use the non-Chrome version. Play Full Screen Mario [For All Other Browsers] Play Full Screen Mario [Google Chrome Version] [via CNET News]     

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  • Play Your Favorite DOS Games in XP, Vista, and Windows 7

    - by Matthew Guay
    Want to take a trip down memory lane with old school DOS games?  D-Fend Reloaded makes it easy for you to play your favorite DOS games directly on XP, Vista, and Windows 7. D-Fend Reloaded is a great frontend for DOSBox, the popular DOS emulator.  It lets you install and run many DOS games and applications directly from its interface without ever touching a DOS prompt.  It works great on XP, Vista, and Windows 7 32 & 64-bit versions.   Getting Started Download D-Fend Reloaded (link below), and install with the default settings.  You don’t need to install DOSBox, as D-Fend Reloaded will automatically install all the components you need to run DOS games on Windows. D-Fend Reloaded can also be installed as a portable application, so you can run it from a flash drive on any Windows computer by selecting User defined installation. Then select Portable mode installation. Once D-Fend Reloaded is installed, you can go ahead and open the program. Then simply click “Accept all settings” to apply the default settings.   D-Fend is now ready to run all of your favorite DOS games. Installing DOS Games and Applications: To install a DOS game or application, simply drag-and-drop a zip file of the app into D-Fend Reloaded’s window.  D-Fend Reloaded will automatically extract the program… Then will ask you to name the application and choose where to store it — by default it uses the name of the DOS app. Now you’ll see a new entry for the app you just installed.  Simply double-click to run it.   D-Fend will remind you that you can switch out of fullscreen mode by pressing Alt+Enter, and can also close the DOS application by pressing Ctrl+F9.  Press Ok to run the program. Here we’re running Ms. PacPC, a remake of the classic game Ms. Pac-Man, in full-screen mode.  All features work automatically, including sound, and you never have to setup anything from DOS command line — it just works. Here it’s in windowed mode running on Windows 7. Please note that your color scheme may change to Windows Basic while running DOS applications. You can run DOS application just as easily.  Here’s Word 5.5 running in in DOSBox through D-Fend Reloaded… Game Packs: Want to quickly install many old DOS freeware and trial games?  D-Fend Reloaded offers several game packs that let you install dozens of DOS games with only four clicks…just download and run the game pack installer of your choice (link below). Now you’ve got a selection of DOS games to choose from. Here’s a group of poor lemmings walking around … in Windows 7. Conclusion D-Fend Reloaded gives you a great way to run your favorite DOS games and applications directly from XP, Vista, and Windows 7.  Give it a try, and relive your DOS days from the comfort of your Windows desktop. What were some of your favorite DOS games and applications? Leave a comment and let us know. Links Download D-Fend Reloaded Download DOS game packs for D-Fend Reloaded Download Ms. Pac-PC Similar Articles Productive Geek Tips Friday Fun: Get Your Mario OnFriday Fun: Go Retro with PacmanThursday’s Pre-Holiday Lazy Links RoundupFriday Fun: Five More Time Wasting Online GamesFriday Fun: Holiday Themed Games TouchFreeze Alternative in AutoHotkey The Icy Undertow Desktop Windows Home Server – Backup to LAN The Clear & Clean Desktop Use This Bookmarklet to Easily Get Albums Use AutoHotkey to Assign a Hotkey to a Specific Window Latest Software Reviews Tinyhacker Random Tips Revo Uninstaller Pro Registry Mechanic 9 for Windows PC Tools Internet Security Suite 2010 PCmover Professional The Growth of Citibank Quickly Switch between Tabs in IE Windows Media Player 12: Tweak Video & Sound with Playback Enhancements Own a cell phone, or does a cell phone own you? Make your Joomla & Drupal Sites Mobile with OSMOBI Integrate Twitter and Delicious and Make Life Easier

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  • How can I respond to mouse events in AS3?

    - by Gabriel Meono
    Background: Trying to make a simple "drop the ball" game. The code is located inside the first frame of the timeline. Nothing more is on the stage. Issue: Using QuickBox2D I made a simple If statement that drops and object acording the Mouse-x position: if (MouseEvent.CLICK) { sim.addCircle({x:mouseX, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); I imported the MouseEvent library: import flash.events.MouseEvent; Nothing happens if I click, no output errors either. See it in action: http://gabrielmeono.com/download/Lucky_Hit_Alpha.swf http://gabrielmeono.com/download/Lucky_Hit_Alpha.fla Full Code: [SWF(width = 350, height = 600, frameRate = 60)] import com.actionsnippet.qbox.*; import flash.events.MouseEvent; var sim:QuickBox2D = new QuickBox2D(this); sim.createStageWalls(); //var ball:sim.addCircle({x:mouseX, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); // // make a heavy circle sim.addCircle({x:3, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); sim.addCircle({x:2, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); sim.addCircle({x:4, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); sim.addCircle({x:5, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); sim.addCircle({x:6, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); // create a few platforms sim.addBox({x:3, y:2, width:4, height:0.2, density:0, angle:0.1}); // make 26 dominoes for (var i:int = 0; i<7; i++){ //End sim.addCircle({x:1 + i * 1.5, y:16, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:2 + i * 1.5, y:15, radius:0.1, density:0}); //Mid end sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:14, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:13, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:12, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:11, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:10, radius:0.1, density:0}); //Middle Start sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 1.5, y:09, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:1 + i * 1.5, y:08, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 1.5, y:07, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:1 + i * 1.5, y:06, radius:0.1, density:0}); } if (MouseEvent.CLICK) { sim.addCircle({x:mouseX, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); sim.start(); /*sim.mouseDrag();*/ }

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  • Setting up OpenGL camera with off-center perspective

    - by user5484
    Hi, I'm using OpenGL ES (in iOS) and am struggling with setting up a viewport with an off-center distance point. Consider a game where you have a character in the left hand side of the screen, and some controls alpha'd over the left-hand side. The "main" part of the screen is on the right, but you still want to show whats in the view on the left. However when the character moves "forward" you want the character to appear to be going "straight", or "up" on the device, and not heading on an angle to the point that is geographically at the mid-x position in the screen. Here's the jist of how i set my viewport up where it is centered in the middle: // setup the camera // glMatrixMode(GL_PROJECTION); glLoadIdentity(); const GLfloat zNear = 0.1; const GLfloat zFar = 1000.0; const GLfloat fieldOfView = 90.0; // can definitely adjust this to see more/less of the scene GLfloat size = zNear * tanf(DEGREES_TO_RADIANS(fieldOfView) / 2.0); CGRect rect; rect.origin = CGPointMake(0.0, 0.0); rect.size = CGSizeMake(backingWidth, backingHeight); glFrustumf(-size, size, -size / (rect.size.width / rect.size.height), size / (rect.size.width / rect.size.height), zNear, zFar); glMatrixMode(GL_MODELVIEW); // rotate the whole scene by the tilt to face down on the dude const float tilt = 0.3f; const float yscale = 0.8f; const float zscale = -4.0f; glTranslatef(0.0, yscale, zscale); const int rotationMinDegree = 0; const int rotationMaxDegree = 180; glRotatef(tilt * (rotationMaxDegree - rotationMinDegree) / 2, 1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f); glTranslatef(0, -yscale, -zscale); static float b = -25; //0; static float c = 0; // rotate by to face in the direction of the dude float a = RADIANS_TO_DEGREES(-atan2f(-gCamera.orientation.x, -gCamera.orientation.z)); glRotatef(a, 0.0, 1.0, 0.0); // and move to where it is glTranslatef(-gCamera.pos.x, -gCamera.pos.y, -gCamera.pos.z); // draw the rest of the scene ... I've tried a variety of things to make it appear as though "the dude" is off to the right: - do a translate after the frustrum to the x direction - do a rotation after the frustrum about the up/y-axis - move the camera with a biased lean to the left of the dude Nothing i do seems to produce good results, the dude will either look like he's stuck on an angle, or the whole scene will appear tilted. I'm no OpenGL expert, so i'm hoping someone can suggest some ideas or tricks on how to "off-center" these model views in OpenGL. Thanks!

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  • BOX2D and AS3: Mouse Event not working

    - by Gabriel Meono
    Background: Trying to make a simple "drop the ball" game. The code is located inside the first frame of the timeline. Nothing more is on the stage. Issue: Using QuickBox2D I made a simple If statement that drops and object acording the Mouse-x position: if (MouseEvent.CLICK) { sim.addCircle({x:mouseX, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); I imported the MouseEvent library: import flash.events.MouseEvent; Nothing happens if I click, no output errors either. See it in action: http://gabrielmeono.com/download/Lucky_Hit_Alpha.swf http://gabrielmeono.com/download/Lucky_Hit_Alpha.fla Full Code: [SWF(width = 350, height = 600, frameRate = 60)] import com.actionsnippet.qbox.*; import flash.events.MouseEvent; var sim:QuickBox2D = new QuickBox2D(this); sim.createStageWalls(); //var ball:sim.addCircle({x:mouseX, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); // // make a heavy circle sim.addCircle({x:3, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); sim.addCircle({x:2, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); sim.addCircle({x:4, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); sim.addCircle({x:5, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); sim.addCircle({x:6, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); // create a few platforms sim.addBox({x:3, y:2, width:4, height:0.2, density:0, angle:0.1}); // make 26 dominoes for (var i:int = 0; i<7; i++){ //End sim.addCircle({x:1 + i * 1.5, y:16, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:2 + i * 1.5, y:15, radius:0.1, density:0}); //Mid end sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:14, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:13, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:12, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:11, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 2, y:10, radius:0.1, density:0}); //Middle Start sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 1.5, y:09, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:1 + i * 1.5, y:08, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:0 + i * 1.5, y:07, radius:0.1, density:0}); sim.addCircle({x:1 + i * 1.5, y:06, radius:0.1, density:0}); } if (MouseEvent.CLICK) { sim.addCircle({x:mouseX, y:1, radius:0.25, density:5}); sim.start(); /*sim.mouseDrag();*/ }

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  • Problem to match font size to the screen resolution in libgdx

    - by Iñaki Bedoya
    I'm having problems to show text on my game at same size on different screens, and I did a simple test. This test consists to show a text fitting at the screen, I want the text has the same size independently from the screen and from DPI. I've found this and this answer that I think should solve my problem but don't. In desktop the size is ok, but in my phone is too big. This is the result on my Nexus 4: (768x1280, 2.0 density) And this is the result on my MacBook: (480x800, 0.6875 density) I'm using the Open Sans Condensed (link to google fonts) As you can see on desktop looks good, but on the phone is so big. Here the code of my test: public class TextTest extends ApplicationAdapter { private static final String TAG = TextTest.class.getName(); private static final String TEXT = "Tap the screen to start"; private OrthographicCamera camera; private Viewport viewport; private SpriteBatch batch; private BitmapFont font; @Override public void create () { Gdx.app.log(TAG, "Screen size: "+Gdx.graphics.getWidth()+"x"+Gdx.graphics.getHeight()); Gdx.app.log(TAG, "Density: "+Gdx.graphics.getDensity()); camera = new OrthographicCamera(); viewport = new ExtendViewport(Gdx.graphics.getWidth(), Gdx.graphics.getWidth(), camera); batch = new SpriteBatch(); FreeTypeFontGenerator generator = new FreeTypeFontGenerator(Gdx.files.internal("fonts/OpenSans-CondLight.ttf")); font = createFont(generator, 64); generator.dispose(); } private BitmapFont createFont(FreeTypeFontGenerator generator, float dp) { FreeTypeFontGenerator.FreeTypeFontParameter parameter = new FreeTypeFontGenerator.FreeTypeFontParameter(); int fontSize = (int)(dp * Gdx.graphics.getDensity()); parameter.size = fontSize; Gdx.app.log(TAG, "Font size: "+fontSize+"px"); return generator.generateFont(parameter); } @Override public void render () { Gdx.gl.glClearColor(1, 1, 1, 1); Gdx.gl.glClear(GL20.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT); int w = -(int)(font.getBounds(TEXT).width / 2); batch.setProjectionMatrix(camera.combined); batch.begin(); font.setColor(Color.BLACK); font.draw(batch, TEXT, w, 0); batch.end(); } @Override public void resize(int width, int height) { viewport.update(width, height); } @Override public void dispose() { font.dispose(); batch.dispose(); } } I'm trying to find a neat way to fix this. What I'm doing wrong? is the camera? the viewport? UPDATE: What I want is to keep the same margins in proportion, independently of the screen size or resolution. This image illustrates what I mean.

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  • Awesome Mod Adds Cooperative Multiplayer to Super Mario 64

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    The lack of multiplayer action in Super Mario 64 bothered one game modder so much he hacked the game to include cooperative multiplayer as well as online play. Check out the video to see it in action. To play the new version of the game you’ll either need a jailbroken Wii (so you can load a homebrew WAD file) or an N64 PC emulator. You can grab the WAD file for the Wii here or the necessary files for the PC emulator here. For more information about other great mod projects from the author of this mod, hit up the link below. Super Mario 64 Multiplayer 1.0 [via Press The Buttons] What Is the Purpose of the “Do Not Cover This Hole” Hole on Hard Drives? How To Log Into The Desktop, Add a Start Menu, and Disable Hot Corners in Windows 8 HTG Explains: Why You Shouldn’t Use a Task Killer On Android

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  • Monogame/SharpDX - Shader parameters missing

    - by Layoric
    I am currently working on a simple game that I am building in Windows 8 using MonoGame (develop3d). I am using some shader code from a tutorial (made by Charles Humphrey) and having an issue populating a 'texture' parameter as it appears to be missing. Edit I have also tried 'Texture2D' and using it with a register(t0), still no luck I'm not well versed writing shaders, so this might be caused by a more obvious problem. I have debugged through MonoGame's Content processor to see how this shader is being parsed, all the non 'texture' parameters are there and look to be loading correctly. Edit This seems to go back to D3D compiler. Shader code below: #include "PPVertexShader.fxh" float2 lightScreenPosition; float4x4 matVP; float2 halfPixel; float SunSize; texture flare; sampler2D Scene: register(s0){ AddressU = Clamp; AddressV = Clamp; }; sampler Flare = sampler_state { Texture = (flare); AddressU = CLAMP; AddressV = CLAMP; }; float4 LightSourceMaskPS(float2 texCoord : TEXCOORD0 ) : COLOR0 { texCoord -= halfPixel; // Get the scene float4 col = 0; // Find the suns position in the world and map it to the screen space. float2 coord; float size = SunSize / 1; float2 center = lightScreenPosition; coord = .5 - (texCoord - center) / size * .5; col += (pow(tex2D(Flare,coord),2) * 1) * 2; return col * tex2D(Scene,texCoord); } technique LightSourceMask { pass p0 { VertexShader = compile vs_4_0 VertexShaderFunction(); PixelShader = compile ps_4_0 LightSourceMaskPS(); } } I've removed default values as they are currently not support in MonoGame and also changed ps and vs to v4 instead of 2. Could this be causing the issue? As I debug through 'DXConstantBufferData' constructor (from within the MonoGameContentProcessing project) I find that the 'flare' parameter does not exist. All others seem to be getting created fine. Any help would be appreciated. Update 1 I have discovered that SharpDX D3D compiler is what seems to be ignoring this parameter (perhaps by design?). The ConstantBufferDescription.VariableCount seems to be not counting the texture variable. Update 2 SharpDX function 'GetConstantBuffer(int index)' returns the parameters (minus textures) which is making is impossible to set values to these variables within the shader. Any one know if this is normal for DX11 / Shader Model 4.0? Or am I missing something else?

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  • RTS Movement + Navigation + Destination

    - by Oliver Jones
    I'm looking into building my own simple RTS game, and I'm trying to get my head around the movement of single, and multi selected units. (Developing in Unity) After much research, I now know that its a bigger task than I thought. So I need to break it down. I already have an A* navigation system with static obstacles taken into account. I don't want to worry about dynamic local avoidance right now. So I guess my first break down question would be: How would I go about moving mutli units to the same location. Right now - my units move to the location, but because they're all told to go to the same location, they start to 'fight' over one another to get there. I think theres two paths to go down: 1) Give each individual unit a separate destination point that is close to the 'master' destination point - and get the units to move to that. 2) Group my selected units in a flock formation, and move that entire flock group towards the destination point. Question about each path: 1a) How can I go about finding a suitable destination point that is close to the master destination? What happens if there isn't a suitable destination point? 1b) Would this be more CPU heavy? As it has to compute a path for each unit? (40 unit count). 2a) Is this a good idea? Not giving the units themselves a destination, but instead the flock (which holds the units within). The units within the flock could then maintain a formation (local avoidance) - though, again local avoidance is not an issue at this current time. 2b) Not sure what results I would get if I have a flock of 5 units, or a flock of 40 units, as the radius would be greater - which might mess up my A* navigation system. In other words: A flock of 2 units will be able to move down an alleyway, but a flock of 40 wont. But my nav system won't take that into account. I would appreciate any feedback. Kind regards, Ollie Jones

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  • Algorithm for spreading labels in a visually appealing and intuitive way

    - by mac
    Short version Is there a design pattern for distributing vehicle labels in a non-overlapping fashion, placing them as close as possible to the vehicle they refer to? If not, is any of the method I suggest viable? How would you implement this yourself? Extended version In the game I'm writing I have a bird-eye vision of my airborne vehicles. I also have next to each of the vehicles a small label with key-data about the vehicle. This is an actual screenshot: Now, since the vehicles could be flying at different altitudes, their icons could overlap. However I would like to never have their labels overlapping (or a label from vehicle 'A' overlap the icon of vehicle 'B'). Currently, I can detect collisions between sprites and I simply push away the offending label in a direction opposite to the otherwise-overlapped sprite. This works in most situations, but when the airspace get crowded, the label can get pushed very far away from its vehicle, even if there was an alternate "smarter" alternative. For example I get: B - label A -----------label C - label where it would be better (= label closer to the vehicle) to get: B - label label - A C - label EDIT: It also has to be considered that beside the overlapping vehicles case, there might be other configurations in which vehicles'labels could overlap (the ASCII-art examples show for example three very close vehicles in which the label of A would overlap the icon of B and C). I have two ideas on how to improve the present situation, but before spending time implementing them, I thought to turn to the community for advice (after all it seems like a "common enough problem" that a design pattern for it could exist). For what it's worth, here's the two ideas I was thinking to: Slot-isation of label space In this scenario I would divide all the screen into "slots" for the labels. Then, each vehicle would always have its label placed in the closest empty one (empty = no other sprites at that location. Spiralling search From the location of the vehicle on the screen, I would try to place the label at increasing angles and then at increasing radiuses, until a non-overlapping location is found. Something down the line of: try 0°, 10px try 10°, 10px try 20°, 10px ... try 350°, 10px try 0°, 20px try 10°, 20px ...

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