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• Fix bad superblock on logical partition

  - by Chris

  I was following http://www.howtoforge.com/linux_resi...xt3_partitions and when i reboot and run: root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# fsck -n /dev/sda7 fsck from util-linux-ng 2.17.2 e2fsck 1.41.12 (17-May-2010) fsck.ext2: Superblock invalid, trying backup blocks... fsck.ext2: Bad magic number in super-block while trying to open /dev/sda7 The superblock could not be read or does not describe a correct ext2 filesystem. If the device is valid and it really contains an ext2 filesystem (and not swap or ufs or something else), then the superblock is corrupt, and you might try running e2fsck with an alternate superblock: e2fsck -b 8193 <device> so i ran e2fsck with all the block numbers that you need (forget exactly what tool i used to find where the superblocks are hidden) no dice then i ran testdisk and had it look for the superblock, no results anyone have any ideas? fdisk -l for reference: root@Microknoppix:/home/knoppix# fdisk -l Disk /dev/sda: 320.1 GB, 320072933376 bytes 255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 38913 cylinders Units = cylinders of 16065 * 512 = 8225280 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes Disk identifier: 0x97646c29 Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System /dev/sda1 1 64 512000 83 Linux Partition 1 does not end on cylinder boundary. /dev/sda2 64 38912 312046593 f W95 Ext'd (LBA) /dev/sda5 64 326 2104320 82 Linux swap / Solaris /dev/sda6 * 327 2938 20972544 83 Linux /dev/sda7 2938 38912 288968672+ 83 Linux To be honest it looks like I lost it... Next step if that happens is to dump the partition to an image file and hope i can find or write some software to parse through the data looking for known file headers, i think.

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• Adding unallocated partition to Ubuntu in VMware

  - by AMS949

  I've installed Ubuntu 9.10 on a Windows XP using vmware. As most do, I initially setup the size of the virtual drive to 8GB and soon realized I need more. I used the VMware utility to expand the virtual drive and added another 4GB, which I can see using GParted. Now my dilemma is how can I "merge" the newly created space to my original? I need to add the unallocated space. I tried before and after formatting the new space but still whenever I try to resize/move /dev/sda1 it looks like it is using its maximum capacity. Also, GParted is being used from the GParted live CD not from the Linux live CD.

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• windows 2008 Cannot extend volume for c

  - by user29266

  Hello, I have a 150 GB hard drive on a windows 2008 server. 87 GB partition for D:\ 10 GB partition for C:\ I cannot extend/increase the partition for C:\ in the disk manager utility. as described here: http://www.howtogeek.com/howto/windows-vista/resize-a-partition-for-free-in-windows-vista/ I tried doing it through the command: http://www.winvistaclub.com/t11.html However I got the error: There is not enough space available on the disk(s) to complete this operation.

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• Unable to delete all partitions on flash drive using Windows 7 OS??

  - by irrational John

  Recently I purchased an ADATA C802 8GB flash drive. Since the drive was new I decided to run some of the HD Tune Pro (v4.50) performance tests on it, mostly just for the heck of it. To avoid accidently destroying data HD Tune refuses to write to a drive unless there are no partitions on the drive. If you do attempt to write to a drive with partitions, it posts the message "Writing is disabled. To enable writing please remove all partitions." As you would expect, the ADATA came formatted with a single primary FAT32 partition in the Master Boot Record. But a number of unexpected things happened when I attempted to delete that partition. The first thing I tried was to use the Windows 7 (64-bit) Disk Management tool (diskmgmt.msc) to delete the partition. It would not let me. The context menu choice to delete that volume was not available. Next I opened up a command prompt window with Admin authority and ran diskpart. Diskpart deleted the volume for me. However, when I attempted to run an HD Tune write test on the drive I still got the "Writing is disabled" message. Huh??? So I fired up a utility I have which allows viewing drives at the sector level and verified that the partition table in the Master Boot Record was empty. No partitions. Yet HD Tune still thought there were partitions on the drive? So why was I still getting the "Writing is disabled" message from HD Tune Pro? And why wouldn't the Windows 7 Disk Management tool let me change the partitions on this drive. After doing the above, I plugged the ADATA into my MacBook. I was then able to format it as either a GPT or MBR partitioned drive with no problems. I am not looking for suggestions on how to format this drive. I can do that. What I do not understand and was hoping I might get insight into is why this drive behaves so strangely under Windows 7? And BTW, what's up with HD Tune Pro? BTW, if I plug the drive I formatted on my MacBook back into my Windows 7 64-bit system I still run into road blocks with the Disk Management tool. For example, I cannot delete all the GPT partitions on the ADATA so I can convert it into an MBR drive. I following Microsoft's instructions, the instructions just do not work with this ADATA flash drive. Anyone know what's up with this? It makes no sense to me. Has something changed in Windows 7 (Vista)??

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• Seeking (somewhat) better explanations about supporting > 2.1 TB hard drives.

  - by irrational John

  Today while Googling about I stumbled across posts claiming that Seagate plans to ship a 3TB drive sometime later in 2010. Unfortunately, the stuff I looked at all seemed to contain tidbits of info which I didn't think fit together properly. (I would link to some examples, but I'm only allowed 1 link per post at the moment). Now I really don't have any "need" to better understand the underlying tedious details of this. I am just curious. And confused. So ... some questions I'm hoping someone better informed than I might answer. The talk about a potential addressing problem in both the hardware and the software confused me. The assertion is that something called something called Long LBA addressing (LLBA) is needed in the Command Descriptor Block as a way to get around the current limits to access a hard drive bigger than ~2.1 (or ~2.2?) TB. OK, fine. But I thought the last time this problem came up it was solved by extending the length of the LBA field from 28 to 48 bits. (Remember this website? www.48bitlba.com) A 6 byte LBA is clearly large enough, so what's up with this LLBA talk. I thought this was all fixed back by Win XP SP2, if not sooner? And certainly all the hardware should be up to the task, shouldn't it? The real problem as I understand it with drives much bigger than 2 TB are the 4 byte LBA fields in the Master Boot Record (MBR) used to partition just about all hard drives at the moment. The most likely solution is to migrate to Intel's GUID Partition Table (GPT). A GPT uses 8 byte fields for the LBA. What I don't understand in this context is what is the problem with booting say Windows from a 3TB drive that uses a GPT. Granted, the current PC BIOS wouldn't know how to recognize or work with a GPT. But every GPT comes with a so-called "Safety" or "Guarding" MBR in sector 0.Apple already uses a hybrid version of the MBR to allow them to boot Windows on their Intel Macs (aka Boot Camp). Couldn't something similar be done to allow the PC BIOS to recognize and boot from a partition in, say, the first 1 GB of a 3GB or larger drive? I've got more questions such as where do 4K sectors fit into all of this. But it's probably time I just shut up and posted this. ;-) -irrational john

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• Installing linux mint in one partition

  - by sha404

  So, I have a disk with a MBR setup(image below). I've managed to have 50 GB unallocated space for intalling Linux Mint 14. And I want to keep the current windows OS too(but don't want the Mint inside windows). Now I've seen in some tutorials that Linux Mint needs several partitions for bootloader, swap, & home. I don't like to have so many partitions & maybe MBR stuff won't let me create more than one now. So, is it possible to install Linux Mint in one partition only? If it is really impossible than what's the minimum number? & how can I accomplish that? Thanks in advance.

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• GUID Partition Table & Linux

  - by Zac

  (1) Is it true that the new GUID Partition Table scheme allows a user to partition a drive however he/she like, outside of the traditional MBR "4 primaries or 3 primaries + 1 extension" paradigm? If so, are there any limitations to the GPT? If my assumption is wrong, what are its advantages over the MBR model? (2) I'm getting a new laptop this week and will be installing Ubuntu (and, more generally, Linux) for the first time ever. Does Ubunutu come pre-configured with MBR as a default? If so, how do I get Ubuntu w/ GPT? If not, how do I specify GPT over MBR? Thanks!

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• Installing Linux on a Windows Computer Partition

  - by bryan sammon

  I was thinking of setting up a partition on my Vista comp and installing Linux on that partition. I was gonna install Ubuntu on this partition. I was wondering if the equipment I have (i.e. video card, mouse, keyboard, network card) would be potentially unable to work on a linux platform? Any advice on doing this? I havent started yet, just doing my homework. Thanks alot, any answer is always appreciated

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• Need a place to store a few bytes of meta information on storage media

  - by Jason C

  I'm working on an embedded project. I need a place to store some filesystem-independent meta information on a storage device. The device has an MSDOS partition table. The device also may have unallocated space (depending on its size) but it will be TRIMmed (and also may be blown away by new partitions in the future). I need a location on the device that is not unallocated and that has a low risk of being touched (outside of completely erasing the device). The device is only guaranteed to have an MBR at the point the meta data needs to first be written; meaning there are no EBRs/VBRs present that I could use. There are 446 bytes at the very start of the device available for MBR bootstrap code. Currently my only idea is to store data at the end of this block. However, the device is bootable and I have no way of knowing if I'd be blowing away bootstrap code or not. The sector size is 512 bytes and the MBR is the first sector, I'm pretty sure (correct me if I'm wrong) that that means the second sector is available for use by partition data, so I can't use that either. Does anybody have any ideas? I need 4 bytes of space.

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• Best way to partition 1TB (Linux&Windows7)

  - by Simon

  Any intelligent way to partition 1TB and be prepared for resizing/adding/deleting partitions? I was thinking about LVM, but as far as i remember, Windows7 can't be installed on logical volume right? For now my plan is: - ~150GB for Windows7 and other stuff (VisualStudio..., maybe I'll split it 100/50 or something like that) - simple NTFS - 850GB = LVM - disk for linux (Ubuntu) and other stuff virtual machines etc. I'm mostly interested in how and what tools should I use to get easy in maintain partitions for both systems.

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• create replica of ext4 filesystem and re-use it

  - by Jatin

  Is there a way that I can use my Linux ext4 file system, as such and then use it on some other computer. I have a dual-boot of Windows 7 and Ubuntu 10.04 and my partition table looks like this: My question might not be clear, so explaining it with an example. Can I copy my Linux partition on a flash drive and then use it on a different PC, with or without any need to install Ubuntu on new PC, by simply booting from the copied ext4 partition. This way, I can easily port my Ubuntu packages and other applications, settings etc. from one PC to other. If it's a very stupid question, please don't mind.

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• Easiest way to move my Windows installation to an SSD?

  - by Jon Artus

  I've taken the plunge and bought an SSD and want to move my existing Windows installation over. The current hard disk is 500Gb, but I've trimmed the contents down to about ~40Gb. I'm transferring it across to a 100Gb SSD and looking for the easiest way just to copy everything across and set the SSD up as a boot device. I've looked at a few tools like Macrium Reflect, but they don't seem able to restore to a smaller drive. Do I need to go for something like PING to do this? I'm trying to avoid scary Linux-based boot utilities if possible, does anyone know of an easier way?

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• broken partition possible for recovery?

  - by claw

  I was using copywipe on hirens boot cd to copy a Windows installation to a new drive. unfortunately for me, I was rushing, I set the source drive as the USB drive running hiren/copywipe to the Windows partition, I think it has destroyed the partition tables and replaced with hiren boot USB ones. disk: was NTFS 40 / 250 partitions disk: now FAT32 145 / 145 partition I have used several partition recovery tools, diskdigger to name one, they all show a recovered partition, but its the hiren stuff. any advice would be a fantastic help To all that have similar issues I recommend using TestDisk (undelete partition) software. you can get this software as part of hirens boot cd. see answer

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• Need to Extend Volume

  - by Roger Galindo

  Ok Here is where I am... I have an HP Proliant with 8 Drives configured as RAID5, and C:\Drive Disk 0 and D:\ drive Disk 1. I need to add more space to Disk 0 (C:) and have 150GB available on Disk 1 (D:). I tested the Disk Mgmt on D:\ and freed up 4GB which now shows to be Unallocated. How do I add the 4GB of Unallocated to the c:\? When I click on C:\ the Menu shows "Extend Volume" as Grayed Out not Black but the D:\ Drive shows Extend Volume as selectable/black.

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• Why does diskpart set the volume attributes on all volumes?

  - by Nick

  I was trying to migrate a Win7 OS from a HDD to a SSD. I've created 2 partition with 1024KB offset, with diskpart: 100MB System Reserved and a 60GB for C:. I've cloned their contents using Easeus Disk Copy. I've loaded the Windows 7 Boot DVD, and wanted to use diskpart to drop the letter for the System Reserved partition and make it hidden. select volume 0 detail volume attribute volume set nodefaultdriveletter attribute volume set hidden These 2 attribute set commands actioned on both volumes (0 and 1, MSR and C:) instead of the selected one, and viceversa. I've tried to clear these attributes from volume 1, but it cleared them also from volume 0. Why does DiskPart have this behaviour?

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• Virtual Disk Manager: The service cannot be started

  - by MikkoP

  I installed a SSD disk in my computer and installed Windows 7 in it. I disabled defragmentation on the disk. Now when I try to partition my other disk I'm getting an error Virtual Disk Manager The service cannot be started, either because it is disabled or because it has no enabled devices associated with it. Well, I'm not willing to enable defragmentation because it makes the lifespan of the SSD shorter. Solutions? Thanks

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• Losing partitions after every reboot

  - by Winston Smith

  I have an Acer laptop with one hard disk, which up until yesterday had 4 partitions: Recovery Partition (13GB) C: (140GB) D: (130GB) OEM Partition (10GB) I read that the OEM partition has all the stuff needed to restore the laptop to the factory settings, but since I'd already created restore disks and I needed the space, I wanted to get rid of it. Yesterday, I used diskpart to do that. In diskpart, I selected the OEM partition and issued the delete partition override command which removed it. Then I extended the D: partition into the unused space using windows disk management. Everything worked fine, until I rebooted my laptop, at which point the D: drive vanished. Looking in windows disk management again, I can see that there's an OEM partition of 140GB, which is obviously my D: drive. So I used EASEUS Partition Master and assigned a drive letter to the 'OEM' partition and I was able to access my files again. However, every time I reboot, it reverts back. How do I fix this permanently?

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• VirtualBox: using physical partition as virtual drive

  - by Hamman Samuel

  Background: I am using VirtualBox installed on Windows 7. From within VirtualBox I am using Xubuntu as a virtual OS. The reason I chose this approach is so that I don't have to keep turning off Windows and rebooting from Xubuntu every time I needed to switch OSes. And VirtualBox's seamless mode is pretty amazing to allow me see Xubuntu and Windows 7 all in one screen. Issue: Now I am thinking of a way to have Xubuntu more integrated into my system. By this I mean I want to have a physical partition for Xubuntu. But I want to still have the feeling of the seamless mode. Question: So finally, my question is: is it possible to load a partition in VirtualBox as a virtual OS? Case examples: Ideal scenario would be: I physically boot up and login to Windows 7. Now I want to access Xubuntu, so I load VirtualBox and access my Xubuntu partition without rebooting. And the other way around too, i.e. I boot up the system, login to Xubuntu, and can access the actual Windows 7 partition through VirtualBox. Other info: Please note that I am not talking about getting access to files, as I have a completely separate partition for my files, and am very familiar with VirtualBox's Shared Folders option.

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• Will a higher hard drive size affect performance

  - by user273010

  My laptop came with a 500 GB hard drive. I use my laptop for storing my digital photographs, and only have about 14 GB of file storage left on the original hard drive. I have a 750 GB external hard drive, but am leery of relying on it for primary storage as I tend to knock things over and it has already crashed once and I lost a lot of the files. I am looking at a 1 TB internal hard drive, but am concerned if storing so much data will affect the computer's performance. Should I also increase RAM from 4 to 8 GB (the limit for my 64-bit, Windows 7, Asus A54C laptop)?

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• Formatting a disk for Macintosh using Linux

  - by Ken Bloom

  I've been asked to move data from an old external hard drive to a new one, and to make the new one compatible with the Macintosh. (The old drive's USB connection has died, and I'm connecting to old the drive using a PC card that provieds an eSATA to the drive. The recipient's Macintosh doesn't have a PC card slot, so she can't access the old drive anymore. Hence, the new drive.) Naturally, I'm doing this data transfer using Linux. I've discovered that I can format the drive as HFS+ using mkfs.hfsplus from the hfsprogs package. But I need to know: do I need to do anything special with the partition table? Is there a special Macintosh partition table format that I need to format this disk to? If so, what tools can I use to get the right format for the partition table?

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• Regarding partitions for dual-booting Ubuntu with pre-existing Windows 7

  - by Shasteriskt

  I have zero actual experience with configuring disk partitions and the stuff I have read for the past few hours have been confusing me a bit, so please bear with me. First of all, I'd like to explain what I'm setting to achieve: Windows 7 with: C:\ Windows 7 (pre-existing installation) D:\ Data (Already exists and has files already) Ubuntu 11 - Does not exist yet, but I already have a LiveCD in hand. \root directory for Ubuntu \home on its own partition I plan \swap on its own partition with around 8GB Here is the current situation: I have a single 500 GB hard-disk with Windows 7 x64 installed, and the current partition schemes is as follows: System Reserved: 100 MB (Primary, Active) C: 100 GB - Where Windows 7 is installed (Primary) D: 365 GB - Where my files are located, LOTS of free space (Primary) Now, I would like to shrink my D: drive and create around 40 GB of unallocated disk space for the Ubuntu installation, but here what's confusing me a bit: I'm thinking I would create an extended partition and subdivide it into 3 logical partitions for the Ubuntu setup I had in mind. (If you think my setup is a bad idea, please let me know & why. I also hope you can suggest a better one...) I am aware that I can only have up to 4 primary partitions, or 3 primary partitions with 1 extended parition max. Now, does the System Recovery portion count as one primary partition? I'm really new to these things and it is totally unclear to me. In shrinking my D: drive using Windows 7's Disk Management tool, I would get an unallocated free space which I don't know how to make an extended partition from. It seems like I can only create a primary partition from it, not an extended one. How do I go about it? (I'd also like to note, if it is of any importance, that I am trying to avoid using the option to install Ubuntu alongside Windows, and much rather prefer using the custom install where I can specify which drives I wish to use and stuff. Somehow I feel its safer that way.)

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• Removing extended partition without deleting logical in it

  - by HisDudeness

  I'm running a Linux-based laptop, and in order to multi-boot several distros in it, I created an extended partition which contains a bunch of logical ones with GParted. Now, after quite a long time with this setup, I've changed my mind because of the consequent lack of storing space for my data partition. Now I want to keep one distro alone like it's normal, and eventually have some other operating systems stored in external supports to plug in and use if I want. Obviously, also this partition I want to keep (and to enlarge a little too) is just a logical inside the extended I want to keep. For what concerns the number I'm ok, meaning I currently have this big distro dedicated extended, the swap and the data partitions, so there's space for another primary before I delete the extended, but I don't know how to delete it without touching the logical in it, I don't want to reinstall the system losing all changes and settings, and I don't want to keep an extended partition for a logical alone. How can I do? Do I have to create a new primary, copy the logical content in it and then delete everything? Will the system boot and maintain exactly all the features it has now? Or is there a way to convert an extended into a primary once it contains just one logical? Or can I directly move a logical out of an extended turning it into a primary? Or, again, am I screwed?

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• iMac boot from linux partition on external drive

  - by user74757

  I have the following "setup:" iMac (no internal drive/dead) --------- (Firewire) ------- [[MAC OS X]] | | | | (USB) | | | | [[MISC STORAGE PARTITION] [MISC STORAGE PARTITION] [EXT2 UBUNTU PARTITION]] I routinely use the firewire drive to boot MAC OS X. However, I would like to boot from the linux partition of the USB drive. This linux partition had linux installed on it from a live cd, and during that process, I told the installer to install GRUB on the usb drive (which happened to be /dev/sdd). My question is, how do I get this disk to show up during the iMac option-boot? Currently, only the firewire MAC OS X option shows up. I have read about rEFIT, but that appears to install it to the Mac OS X disk (would that still work?)... Also mentioned was installing rEFIT to the internal EFI system partition, but I don't know if that is wise.

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• Simple Ubuntu Server - Expanding disk space - adding a new drive LVM, RAID0 existing setup - how?

  - by NightWolf

  I have a 1TB ext4 partition mounted at / with all my data and Ubuntu 11.04 (natty) installed. Now this drive is almost full (I used it as a database server for some processing). RAID0 is ok, I can take a failure (touch wood). But I need a way to grow this partition. I have a new 1TB drive I want to add, however as my Ubuntu boot and all data is on the one partition I'm not sure how I can go about setting up a RAID0 or LVM array without loosing all my data. So the question is how can I extend my existing ext4 partition over two physical drives without losing data? Thanks!

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• Why is windows not able to create a system partition?

  - by hughes

  I'm reinstalling Windows 7 64 bit, and I encountered an issue I've never seen before. I have a legit copy of Win 64 Professional, and I've installed it probably a half dozen times on this machine in the past without a problem. Googling the error only brings me to issues with people who are upgrading to win7. The drive itself seems to not have a problem. I can mount it on other systems and I can create an NTFS partition on it on other machines. I can install Ubuntu on it without any issues. Additionally, if I try using my alternate backup hard drive, the installer gives the same error. I have run diskpart from the setup page and clean seems to report that all is well. However, I cannot get past the screen below, which says Setup was unable to create a new system partition or locate an existing system partition. This happens regardless of whether or not the disk space is already allocated. What is causing this? How do I solve or get past this?

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