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• process ksoftirqd consumes permanent 15% CPU load [closed]

  - by markus

  Possible Duplicate: Anyone else experiencing high rates of Linux server crashes during a leap second day? The process ksoftirqd/0 uses permanent 15% CPU on our debian squeeze server. 4 root 20 0 0 0 0 R 15.0 0.0 850:59.17 ksoftirqd/0 I already read that this can have various reason like Full harddisk or high network traffic. In our case we do have more or less low network traffic and enough space on hard disk. How can I analyse what causes ksoftirqd/0 to use permanently 15% CPU?

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• Installing Ubuntu on an External Drive

  - by Dom

  I am trying to install ububtu on an external drive. I am a programmer who wants to start using Linux. I downloaded the usb installer from the ubuntu website and followed all the steps. But when I get to the part where I have to setup the partitioning, it says an error when moving forward "No root file system is defined". I've been doing some research and I think that I have to partition the external drive but do not know how to do so. The problem is that I only want 20gb used from that external drive and let the rest be used for storage. I am also a musician and use Pro tools so I would like to keep all my files there, but I dont want ubuntu on my main hardrive since the external one is portable. I'd appreciate it also if you could provide me the steps.

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• Is it possible to have Grub2's boot.img in the MBR and have it load core.img from a separate boot partition?

  - by wesley

  I have a multiboot system that I would like to use Grub to manage. The version of Grub shipping with my Linux distro is Grub2, and it installs its equivalent of stage 1.5-2, core.img, into the remaining sectors on the first track after the MBR but before the first partition. Unfortunately, those sectors are needed by another program. I have a separate primary /boot partition. If I could only keep boot.img as my MBR but have it look in the /boot partition for core.img rather than the embedded one in the sectors immediately following the MBR, everything would work fine. Is this possible with grub2?

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• Where's my tab completion and up-arrow behavior? (Ubuntu 10.04)

  - by pastorius

  I'm new to Linux, trying Ubuntu 10.04, preconfigured by host. When I log in (SSH) using the preconfigured account, the shell prompt is: user@hostname:~$ The up arrow scrolls through the list of recent shell commands, and tab-completion works as expected. However, when I create an account and log in (SSH) using that account, the shell prompt is simply "$", and the up arrow just prints a control character (^[[A). Can anyone tell me how to get my prompt, tab-completion, and up-arrow behavior set up? The fact that I'm getting control characters when I up-arrow makes me think that my account (or session) is in some mode I'm unfamiliar with. I know there is tab-completion code stored in bashrc that I can uncomment, but that doesn't seem to have any effect, even after logging out and logging back in. Am I in some strange mode when I SSH in with the new account, or are there just some session/account settings I need to set up, and can find information for anywhere on the Internet if I just knew what to look for?

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• pine sometimes not update new received emails

  - by Tim

  Hi, I am using pine on a KUbuntu linux email server to check my emails. Most of the time when I am under "Inbox", the list of emails is updated automatically so I don't have to do things like pushing the refresh button when I am under web. But sometimes it does not and I have to type "<" to go to the upper level and then select "Inbox" to enter again into the inbox directory to find out that I do receive new emails that are not shown previously. I was wondering what the problem is? Thanks and regards!

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• Need to install just libswresample.so.0 on Centos 6 - how? (for FFMPEG)

  - by sprise

  I'm trying to get ffmpeg running on a Centos 6 machine and it has been uphill the whole way. I thought I had got it but when I go to use ffmpeg I get the error: ffmpeg: error while loading shared libraries: libswresample.so.0: cannot open shared object file: No such file or directory I looked in /usr/local/lib, which is where all the libraries are stored, and I do not have that exact file but I do have "libswresample.a". I gave up on the official FFMPEG Centos directions due to all kinds of issues and used yum to install. Where do I find the missing library and can I just put the file in my /usr/local/lib to fix? Thanks -- have a basic Linux understanding, more familiar with Ubuntu than Centos.

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• PHP CPU utilization limit

  - by knightrider

  I have done some research on the net regarding the problem. My questions is NOT how to reduce cpu utilization by improving algorithm or improving the performance by using multitasking or limiting CPU per system user. I have a website where user logs in does some processing and logout. The site uses linux server, php and apache. The problem is that I cant control the amount of CPU allocated to each user. ie I want give a guarantee that a user will get say atleast 5% of CPU (assume total number of users is less than 20). How can I do this? Any solution (A php code, apache server settings, or any out of box soln) is welcomed. Thankyou very much for reading this :)

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• Moving the home directory to a new drive

  - by Mellowcandle

  I have no more space left on my hard-drive. So I bought a new one and I would like this hard-drive to be the home folder. I thought of copying all the stuff I have on the home folder to the hard-drive partition. and creating a symbolic-link from ~ to there. The problem I have is that I can't really delete the home folder while I'm logged in as the current user. Is there a way to log out, and log in as root in Linux Mint? I want to be able to do this without a live-CD solution.

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• List files recursively and sort by modification time

  - by Problemaniac

  How do I list all files under a directory recursively and sort the output by modification time? I normally use ls -lhtc but it doesn't find all files recursively. I am using Linux and Mac. ls -l on Mac OS X can give -rw-r--r-- 1 fsr user 1928 Mar 1 2011 foo.c -rwx------ 1 fsr user 3509 Feb 25 14:34 bar.c where the date part isn't consistent or aligned, so a solution have to take this into account. Partial solution stat -f "%m%t%Sm %N" ./* | sort -rn | head -3 | cut -f2- works, but not recursively.

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• pine sometimes not update new received emails

  - by Tim

  Hi, I am using pine on a KUbuntu linux email server to check my emails. Most of the time when I am under "Inbox", the list of emails is updated automatically so I don't have to do things like pushing the refresh button when I am under web. But sometimes it does not and I have to type "<" to go to the upper level and then select "Inbox" to enter again into the inbox directory to find out that I do receive new emails that are not shown previously. I was wondering what the problem is? Thanks and regards!

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• Measuring custom statistics with sar

  - by Will Glass

  I have a server application which I think is leaking file handles. I want to track the usage of file descriptors over time on my Linux (ubuntu) server. I've figured out that I can track the number of file descriptors in use by a process with lsof -p `pgrep the-process-name` | wc -l Since I'm already using sysstat and sar to track various metrics, I thought it'd be nice to display with sar. I want to measure this every 10 minutes. Is it possible to add a custom metric to sar? Then I can easily report it out. If not, I'll write a simple cron job to collect this data and store it separately in a log file.

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• kernel 2.6.36 not booting

  - by Saumitra

  Hi, I m a newbie to kernel programming. I am trying to boot the kernel 2.6.36 on my ECG machine.It was working perfectly on 2.6.33.2. It is getting stuck on this step: ## Booting kernel from Legacy Image at 81000000 ... Image Name: Created: 2010-12-27 5:55:56 UTC Image Type: MIPS Linux Kernel Image (gzip compressed) Data Size: 1974278 Bytes = 1.9 MB Load Address: 80100000 Entry Point: 80104730 Verifying Checksum ... OK Uncompressing Kernel Image ... OK Starting kernel ... After this the system either resets or it hangs. I have also checked the configuration & set it properly.Please let me know.

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• Run command on init and restart on errors

  - by chersanya

  I have internet access on my PC through proxy through SSH, so every time I need to execute ssh -L PORT:SERVER:PORT LOGIN@SERVER and then type a password. After each network failure or reconnect this command has to be executed again. I've got bored of it and look for a way to do this automatically: first run this after boot (it doesn't seem to be a problem - put this command in some init file and that's all) and then rerun it (if possible, then type password) on each network failure. Is it possible, and how? OS Linux (Debian)

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• Moving a File While It's In Use -- How Does it work?

  - by Zaz

  I've noticed that on non-windows OS.... ie linux/mac i can do things like: - Send a zip to a friend over aim - Delete the file while it's in transfer And the transfer does not fail. Or, I can do operations like.. - start a movie - erase the file - the movie still plays to completion (read from disk, not just buffered in memory) Although the files are being "deleted", as i mentioned, they are actually being moved to a different location on the file system... ie a Trash directory or something. So it seems to me like the OS uses a pointer @ the file that is updated when it moves rather than accessing the files directly. Can anyone shed some light on how this AWESOME capability is actually implemented? I'm not even sure what to google to learn more about it. thank you.

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• Running Ubuntu off a USB drive?

  - by Solignis

  I was wondering if a USB 2.0 Thumb drive has enough bandwidth to act as a primary system drive in an Ubuntu Linux server. More specifically an SAN server. I am running an iSCSI target, ZFS and NFS-kernel-server, BIND9 (Slave), and Openldap (Slave). I was thinking of resorting to a thumb drive because my new motherboard only has 4 SATA ports and I have 5 disks. 4 (ZFS Pool) 1 (System). And unless I get an expansion card there is no way to get more SATA ports. This "server" leans more twords a home server. I use in my lab with my VMware server. It provides storage, or atleast it did until it died. Would it still be better to go with the SATA hard disk?

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• Why my USB mouse get suspended after 3 seconds of inactivity?

  - by Vi.

  Mouse's bottom LED goes off after 3 seconds after connection and cursor movements and wheel stops. Pressing any button, reconnecting or resetting USB device resumes it for another 3 seconds (when resumed by pressing button, this event does no go to X). This happens when using any of USB ports. This mouse works well with other computer with Linux. It was working well before. Why can it happen? How to fix it? Update: It happens only if laptop is on battery. Answer: this is caused by powersaving done by laptop-mode-tools. To temporary turn off powersaving one can use for i in /sys/bus/usb/devices/*/power/control; do echo on > $i; done

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• Mystery process crashing machine by using all of the RAM - how to identify?

  - by wd40

  I have a Linux machine which runs ~10 in house written processes. Every other day(!) the machine completely runs out of RAM, goes into swap and becomes unresponsive. This happens quickly over a period of a couple of seconds, so it's not feasible to sit watching the machine until it dies. It's a sudden leak, not a gradual one, so top(1) doesn't give any indications something bad may about to happen. What is the best way of identifying which process(es) are causing the trouble?

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• LAN full of public ipv4 addresses - How to filter it?

  - by sparc86

  The answer to my question maybe is not that hard but anyways, I do not know what to do. So, I just got in a new job in a Univerisity and I found out that the network (the LAN) is full of public IP addresses. Seriously, the whole LAN (probably more than 150 hosts) has it' own internet IP address and I don't know how to manage it. I have a very good experience using iptables (Linux firewall) in a NAT'ed environment. But then how should I proceed in an environment where all my LAN is working with a bunch of public IP addresses? Should I just use the "forward" rules and ignore the NAT rules or is there any other issue in such environment which I should take care? Can I add a firewall between the router and the LAN in order to produce packet filtering for these public IP addresses in my LAN or will this just not work? Thanks!

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• Disabling the shell of user "daemon" (/bin/false)

  - by BurninLeo

  on a Linux system there are lot's of users by default: daemon, bin, sys, games, etc. According to my /etc/passwd most of these users have a shell assigned (/bin/sh) which seems some kind of insecure to me. My naive thinking would say: Only give those users a shell that may login to the server. Is my thinking wrong? If not completely wrong: Can I disable the shell for "daemon" and "www-data" without having side effects (e.g. the system wont start or the Apache PHP cannot excute system calls)? Thanks for your hints!

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• Keyboard no longer works when entering BIOS

  - by Tommy

  I am trying to boot from USB so I can install a couple different Linux distros. I can enter the BIOS, but as soon as I enter the BIOS the keyboard lights switch off (Num Lock and Caps Lock) and I cannot use the keyboard to do anything in the BIOS or even exit or restart the PC using Ctrl+Alt+Del or do anything at all with the keyboard. But as soon as I boot back into Windows, everything is fine... I've never had this problem before and some Googling hasn't helped. I've tried using a few other keyboards and simply unplugging/replugging the keyboards, but it didn't work. Is there anything I can do in Windows to maybe find out why the keyboard isn't working in the BIOS screen? In the Device Manager, all the drivers are up to date and there are no conflicts.

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• Route using certain IP address

  - by spa

  I have a server with two public IPs. Both IPs are added to eth0 using ip addr add. Now I'd like to contact a server which uses IP address filtering. Only requests are allowed which use the second IP address. Is there are way to set this up using the standard route command in Linux? I guess that's not the case. So the only solution I see right now: Setup a virtual device let's say eth0:0 and bind the second IP address to it. Then I can reference the device in the route command. Edit: I can't use the second IP as primary one easily as this IP is used as failover IP.

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• How to remove file permissions from an external hard drive?

  - by user2540416

  My macbook recently died and I am currently trying to figure out how to copy my data. What I did was, I took out the hard drive, put it in an enclosure and plugged it in to my other laptop that runs linux. The problem is, I cannot copy files from the hard drive due to file permissions. I tried to access the hard drive as root. But I still cannot copy files. How do I remove file permissions from the harddrive?

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• Configure users and groups for Git

  - by Peter Penzov

  I want to create Git server on which every developer can commit code with his own linux account. The Git repository is initialized under the directory /opt/git_repo.git I created a group developers which owns the directory git_repo.git. Then I created three users which are part of the same group - DeA, DevB, DevC. I created a soft link into each developer home directory which points to the /opt/git_repo.git location. The problem is that when a user connects to the Git server and use the soft link to access the files he cannot do it. Can you help me what are the proper steps and commands to configure the repository?

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• Central Storage for windows user accounts homedirs .. hardware/software needed?

  - by mtkoan

  We have ~120+ users in our network, and are endeavoring to centralize logon authentication and home directory storage server-side. Most of the users are Windows 2000/XP machines, and a few running Mac OS X. Ideally the solution will be open-source-- can this all be managed from a Linux server running LDAP and Samba? Or would a hacked-NAS Box with a FreeNAS or similar suffice? Or is Micro$oft's Active Directory really the preference here. Is it viable to store PST files on this server for users to read from and write to? They are very large ~1.5gb. We have no mail server (or money) capable of Exchange or IMAP, only an old POP3. What kind of hardware horsepower and network architecture should we have for this kind of thing?

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• How to NFSv4 share a ZFS file system on FreeBSD?

  - by Sandra

  Using FreeBSD 9, and created a ZFS file system like so zfs create tank/project1 zfs set sharenfs=on tank/project1 There are many howto's on setting up NFSv3 on FreeBSD on the net, but I can't find any one NFSv4 and when the NFS share is done with ZFS. E.g. this howto say I have to restart the (NFSv3) by nfsd -u -t -n 4, but I don't even have nfsd. When I do # echo /usr/ports/*/*nfs* /usr/ports/net-mgmt/nfsen /usr/ports/net/nfsshell /usr/ports/net/pcnfsd /usr/ports/net/unfs3 /usr/ports/sysutils/fusefs-chironfs /usr/ports/sysutils/fusefs-funionfs /usr/ports/sysutils/fusefs-unionfs # I don't see any NFSv4 servers, which I could install with pkg_add. Question How do I install and setup NFSv4, so I can mount the share from e.g. a Linux host?

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