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  • Is there any way to achieve multiple inheritance in php?

    - by Starx
    Lets say I have a parent class class parent { } ..... This parent has three sub class class child1 { } class child2 { } class child3 { } and these child classes have further smaller parts like class child1subpar1 { } class child1subpar2 { public function foo() { echo "hi"; } } class child2subpar1 { } class child2subpar2 { } Now, how to sum this whole up like class child1 extends child1subpar1, child1subpar2 { } class child2 extends child2subpar1, childsubpar1 { } class parent extends child1,child2,child3 { } I need to execute the methods in its inherited classes and do something like this $objparent = new parent; $objparent - foo();

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  • How can I add a field with an array value to my Perl object?

    - by superstar
    What's the difference between these two constructors in perl? 1) sub new { my $class = shift; my $self = {}; $self->{firstName} = undef; $self->{lastName} = undef; $self->{PEERS} = []; bless ($self, $class); return $self; } 2) sub new { my $class = shift; my $self = { _firstName => shift, _lastName => shift, _ssn => shift, }; bless $self, $class; return $self; } I am using the second one so far, but I need to implement the PEERS array in the second one? How do I do it with the second constructor and how can we use get and set methods on those array variables?

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  • C# Design a class with interface?

    - by Haroon
    I am having a bit of trouble understanding how I will design a class. My class will have 3 methods ICollection<Field> GetFields(); //perform validation internally - return back the object T UpdateFields(ICollection<Field> fields); //pass in model object with values on it, set up fields, then pass back all fields ICollection<Field> GetFieldsWithValues(T object); What is the best way to construct/design such a class keeping in mind: 1. The model object I pass in will be one of 3 or 4 tables, however when I call GetFIelds - internally for each object I know what fields will be there i.e. list.add(new Field{name = "id", value = "5"}); list.add(new Field{name = "nameofcompany", value = "super guys"});

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  • How to prevent inheritance for some methods?!

    - by Dr TJ
    Hi How can I prevent inheritance of some methods or properties in derived classes?! public class BaseClass : Collection { //Some operations... //Should not let derived classes inherit 'Add' method. } public class DerivedClass : BaseClass { public void DoSomething(int Item) { this.Add(Item); // Error: No such method should exist... } }

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  • In what circumstances are instance variables declared as '_var' in 'use fields' private?

    - by Pedro Silva
    I'm trying to understand the behavior of the fields pragma, which I find poorly documented, regarding fields prefixed with underscores. This is what the documentation has to say about it: Field names that start with an underscore character are made private to the class and are not visible to subclasses. Inherited fields can be overridden but will generate a warning if used together with the -w switch. This is not consistent with its actual behavior, according to my test, below. Not only are _-prefixed fields visible within a subclass, they are visible within foreign classes as well (unless I don't get what 'visible' means). Also, directly accessing the restricted hash works fine. Where can I find more about the behavior of the fields pragma, short of going at the source code? { package Foo; use strict; use warnings; use fields qw/a _b __c/; sub new { my ( $class ) = @_; my Foo $self = fields::new($class); $self->a = 1; $self->b = 2; $self->c = 3; return $self; } sub a : lvalue { shift->{a} } sub b : lvalue { shift->{_b} } sub c : lvalue { shift->{__c} } } { package Bar; use base 'Foo'; use strict; use warnings; use Data::Dumper; my $o = Bar->new; print Dumper $o; ##$VAR1 = bless({'_b' => 2, '__c' => 3, 'a' => 1}, 'Foo'); $o->a = 4; $o->b = 5; $o->c = 6; print Dumper $o; ##$VAR1 = bless({'_b' => 5, '__c' => 6, 'a' => 4}, 'Foo'); $o->{a} = 7; $o->{_b} = 8; $o->{__c} = 9; print Dumper $o; ##$VAR1 = bless({'_b' => 8, '__c' => 9, 'a' => 7}, 'Foo'); }

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  • accessing private variable from member function in PHP

    - by Carson Myers
    I have derived a class from Exception, basically like so: class MyException extends Exception { private $_type; public function type() { return $this->_type; //line 74 } public function __toString() { include "sometemplate.php"; return ""; } } Then, I derived from MyException like so: class SpecialException extends MyException { private $_type = "superspecial"; } If I throw new SpecialException("bla") from a function, catch it, and go echo $e, then the __toString function should load a template, display that, and then not actually return anything to echo. This is basically what's in the template file <div class="<?php echo $this->type(); ?>class"> <p> <?php echo $this->message; ?> </p> </div> in my mind, this should definitely work. However, I get the following error when an exception is thrown and I try to display it: Fatal error: Cannot access private property SpecialException::$_type in C:\path\to\exceptions.php on line 74 Can anyone explain why I am breaking the rules here? Am I doing something horribly witty with this code? Is there a much more idiomatic way to handle this situation? The point of the $_type variable is (as shown) that I want a different div class to be used depending on the type of exception caught.

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  • How does one refer to the game1 class's variables in XNA

    - by user1149068
    I try to refer to an array in the Game1 class by creating an object of the Game1 class with its definition Game1 gameObject; , its declaration gameObject = new Game1(); in the constructor, and its usage gameObject.tileArray[xInt, yInt].treed = true;. The game1 class itself remains unchanged in its class code other than some methods and variables. When I try to use this code in the TreeRegion class it gives me "Object reference not set to an instance of an object," leading me to believe that the game1 class is null somehow. How might one change the class or object in order to refer to game1's variables? Mind you I am self-taught and still rather new to C#. The class that refers to game1: http://pastebin.com/0chEcKfq Game1 itself http://pastebin.com/zLDVzCca

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  • What would you do if you coded a C++/OO cross-platform framework and realize its laying on your disk

    - by Manuel
    This project started as a development platform because i wanted to be able to write games for mobile devices, but also being able to run and debug the code on my desktop machine too (ie, the EPOC device emulator was so bad): the platforms it currently supports are: Window-desktop WinCE Symbian iPhone The architecture it's quite complete with 16bit 565 video framebuffer, blitters, basic raster ops, software pixel shaders, audio mixer with shaders (dsp fx), basic input, a simple virtual file system... although this thing is at it's first write and so there are places where some refactoring would be needed. Everything has been abstracted away and the guiding principle are: mostly clean code, as if it was a book to just be read object-orientation, without sacrifying performances mobile centric The idea was to open source it, but without being able to manage it, i doubt the software itself would benefit from this move.. Nevertheless, i myself have learned a lot from unmaintained projects. So, thanking you in advance for reading all this... really, what would you do?

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  • PHP Classes: Call method in instance of a class by instance's name

    - by Ursus Russus
    Hi, i have a class of this kind Class Car { private $color; public function __construct($color){ $this->color=$color; } public function get_color(){ return $this->$color; } } Then i create some instances of it: $blue_car = new car('blue'); $green_car = new car('green'); etc. Now i need to call method get_color() on the fly, according to instance's name $instance_name='green_car'; Is there any way to do it?

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  • Designing different Factory classes (and what to use as argument to the factories!)

    - by devoured elysium
    Let's say we have the following piece of code: public class Event { } public class SportEvent1 : Event { } public class SportEvent2 : Event { } public class MedicalEvent1 : Event { } public class MedicalEvent2 : Event { } public interface IEventFactory { bool AcceptsInputString(string inputString); Event CreateEvent(string inputString); } public class EventFactory { private List<IEventFactory> factories = new List<IEventFactory>(); public void AddFactory(IEventFactory factory) { factories.Add(factory); } //I don't see a point in defining a RemoveFactory() so I won't. public Event CreateEvent(string inputString) { try { //iterate through all factories. If one and only one of them accepts //the string, generate the event. Otherwise, throw an exception. return factories.Single(factory => factory.AcceptsInputString(inputString)).CreateEvent(inputString); } catch (InvalidOperationException e) { throw new InvalidOperationException("No valid factory found to generate this kind of Event!", e); } } } public class SportEvent1Factory : IEventFactory { public bool AcceptsInputString(string inputString) { return inputString.StartsWith("SportEvent1"); } public Event CreateEvent(string inputString) { return new SportEvent1(); } } public class MedicalEvent1Factory : IEventFactory { public bool AcceptsInputString(string inputString) { return inputString.StartsWith("MedicalEvent1"); } public Event CreateEvent(string inputString) { return new MedicalEvent1(); } } And here is the code that runs it: static void Main(string[] args) { EventFactory medicalEventFactory = new EventFactory(); medicalEventFactory.AddFactory(new MedicalEvent1Factory()); medicalEventFactory.AddFactory(new MedicalEvent2Factory()); EventFactory sportsEventFactory = new EventFactory(); sportsEventFactory.AddFactory(new SportEvent1Factory()); sportsEventFactory.AddFactory(new SportEvent2Factory()); } I have a couple of questions: Instead of having to add factories here in the main method of my application, should I try to redesign my EventFactory class so it is an abstract factory? It'd be better if I had a way of not having to manually add EventFactories every time I want to use them. So I could just instantiate MedicalFactory and SportsFactory. Should I make a Factory of factories? Maybe that'd be over-engineering? As you have probably noticed, I am using a inputString string as argument to feed the factories. I have an application that lets the user create his own events but also to load/save them from text files. Later, I might want to add other kinds of files, XML, sql connections, whatever. The only way I can think of that would allow me to make this work is having an internal format (I choose a string, as it's easy to understand). How would you make this? I assume this is a recurrent situation, probably most of you know of any other more intelligent approach to this. I am then only looping in the EventFactory for all the factories in its list to check if any of them accepts the input string. If one does, then it asks it to generate the Event. If you find there is something wrong or awkward with the method I'm using to make this happen, I'd be happy to hear about different implementations. Thanks! PS: Although I don't show it in here, all the different kind of events have different properties, so I have to generate them with different arguments (SportEvent1 might have SportName and Duration properties, that have to be put in the inputString as argument).

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  • Call static properties within another class in php

    - by ali A
    I have problem about calling a static property of a class inside another class. Class A { public $property; public function __construct( $prop ) { $this->property = $prop; } public function returnValue(){ return static::$this->property; } } Class B extends A { public static $property_one = 'This is first property'; public static $property_two = 'This is second property'; } $B = new B( 'property_one' ); $B->returnValue(); I expect to return This is first property But the Output is just the name a parameter input in __construct; When I print_r( static::$this->property ); the output is just property_one

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  • PHP - Concatenating objects and casting to string - bad idea?

    - by franko75
    Is it bad practice to concatenate objects when used in this context: $this->template->head .= new View('custom_javascript') This is the way i normally add extra css/js stuff to specific pages. I use an MVC structure where my basic html template has a $head variable which I set in my main Website_controller. I have used this approach for a while as it means I can just add bits and pieces of css/js stuff from whichever page/controller needs it. But having come across a problem in PHP 5.1.6 where the above code results in "Object ID #24", the result of toString() not being called i think, I am rethinking whether i should just fix this to work in PHP 5.1.6 or if i should rethink this approach in general. Any pointers appreciated!

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  • Zend_Form and Liskov Substitution Principle

    - by blockhead
    A very common pattern I see (I'm picking on Zend Framework, only because I was dealing with it at the moment of this question), is something like this: class My_Form extends Zend_Form { public function init() { $this->addElement(); } } Zend_Form is not an abstract class, but is perfectly usable on its own. This seems to be "recommended" as place to "encapsulate" your forms into a nice class. Does this violate the Liskov Substitution Principle? Each subclass of Zend_Form will have a wildy different behavior than the base class. Would it be better to use composition for this, or am I totally misunderstanding this principle?

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  • How can one describe a rock-paper-scissors relationship between 3 items?

    - by Madara Uchiha
    Let's say I have the following structure: abstract class Hand {} class Rock extends Hand {} class Paper extends Hand {} class Scissors extends Hand {} The goal is to make a function (or a method) Hand::compareHands(Hand $hand1, Hand $hand2), which would return the winning hand in a rock-paper-scissors match. That would be very easy with a bunch of ifs, but the point is to have a more robust structure, that's relying on polymorphism rather than on procedural code. P.S. this is done in actual production code, if someone is asking. This isn't some sort of challenge or homework. (It's not really rock-paper-scissors, but you get the point).

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  • Cannot extend a class located in another file, PHP

    - by NightMICU
    I am trying to set up a class with commonly used tasks, such as preparing strings for input into a database and creating a PDO object. I would like to include this file in other class files and extend those classes to use the common class' code. However, when I place the common class in its own file and include it in the class it will be used in, I receive an error that states the second class cannot be found. For example, if the class name is foo and it is extending bar (the common class, located elsewhere), the error says that foo cannot be found. But if I place the code for class bar in the same file as foo, it works. Here are the classes in question - Common Class abstract class coreFunctions { protected $contentDB; public function __construct() { $this->contentDB = new PDO('mysql:host=localhost;dbname=db', 'username', 'password'); } public function cleanStr($string) { $cleansed = trim($string); $cleansed = stripslashes($cleansed); $cleansed = strip_tags($cleansed); return $cleansed; } } Code from individual class include $_SERVER['DOCUMENT_ROOT'] . '/includes/class.core-functions.php'; $mode = $_POST['mode']; if (isset($mode)) { $gallery = new gallery; switch ($mode) { case 'addAlbum': $gallery->addAlbum($_POST['hash'], $_POST['title'], $_POST['description']); } } class gallery extends coreFunctions { private function directoryPath($string) { $path = trim($string); $path = strtolower($path); $path = preg_replace('/[^ \pL \pN]/', '', $path); $path = preg_replace('[\s+]', '', $path); $path = substr($path, 0, 18); return $path; } public function addAlbum($hash, $title, $description) { $title = $this->cleanStr($title); $description = $this->cleanStr($description); $path = $this->directoryPath($title); if ($title && $description && $hash) { $addAlbum = $this->contentDB->prepare("INSERT INTO gallery_albums (albumHash, albumTitle, albumDescription, albumPath) VALUES (:hash, :title, :description, :path)"); $addAlbum->execute(array('hash' => $hash, 'title' => $title, 'description' => $description, 'path' => $path)); } } } The error when I try it this way is Fatal error: Class 'gallery' not found in /home/opheliad/public_html/admin/photo-gallery/includes/class.admin_photo-gallery.php on line 10

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  • Is there anything bad in declaring static inner class inside interface in java?

    - by Roman
    I have an interface ProductService with method findByCriteria. This method had a long list of nullable parameters, like productName, maxCost, minCost, producer and so on. I refactored this method by introducing Parameter Object. I created class SearchCriteria and now method signature looks like this: findByCriteria (SearchCriteria criteria) I thought that instances of SearchCriteria are only created by method callers and are only used inside findByCriteria method, i.e.: void processRequest() { SearchCriteria criteria = new SearchCriteria () .withMaxCost (maxCost) ....... .withProducer (producer); List<Product> products = productService.findByCriteria (criteria); .... } and List<Product> findByCriteria(SearchCriteria criteria) { return doSmthAndReturnResult(criteria.getMaxCost(), criteria.getProducer()); } So I did not want to create separate public class for SearchCriteria and put it inside ProductServiceInterface: public interface ProductService { List<Product> findByCriteria (SearchCriteria criteria); static class SearchCriteria { ... } } Is there anything bad in this interface? Where whould you place SearchCriteria class?

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  • Can i access outer class objects in inner class

    - by Shantanu Gupta
    I have three classes like this. class A { public class innerB { //Do something } public class innerC { //trying to access objB here directly or indirectly over here. //I dont have to create an object of innerB, but to access the object created by A //i.e. innerB objInnerB = objB; //not like this innerB objInnerB= new innerB(); } public innerB objB{get;set;} } I want to access the object of class B in Class C that is created by class A. Is it possible somehow to make changes on object of Class A in Class C. Can i get Class A's object by creating event or anyhow.

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  • Manually setting object's position or have the object do it all?

    - by N. Lucas
    I'm stuck thinking about the best way to go about setting a line segment's position, I have a class Line(length, angle, previous) being called from a class Polygon.. Right now I have: public function Line(length:Number, angle:Number, previous:Line = null) { if (previous != null) { this.x = previous.end.x; this.y = previous.end.y; } /**/ } Now, is this the best practice or should I be doing: Polygon.addLine(length:Number, angle:Number):void { var previous = _line[_line.length - 1]; // Array containing all Lines var line:Line = new Line(length, angle, previous); line.x = previous.end.x; line.y = previous.end.y; /**/ }

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  • How can I handle multiple views of a data object? Which design pattern is acceptable?

    - by tranquil.byte
    I have a person object. class Person { private $name; ... } I need to be able to change how they are displayed on the front-end ( visitors have control ). They can choose list view, grid view, photo view for example. class PersonDisplay { public function displayList() { // Query database // Output html to display in list mode } public function displayPhoto() { // Query database // Output html to display in photo mode } } Is this an acceptable way to handle the presentation of the items on the front-end or is there a specific design pattern I should be researching to help me with this task? Does anyone have any suggestions or ideas where this could go wrong or if this could potentially make maintenance a nightmare? The Person object was just an example very similiar to what I am using.

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  • Strange Java Coding??? Class in class???

    - by poeschlorn
    Hi guys, I got a question about Java coding in general... In some sample codes there are methods and classes declared WITHIN other methods and/or classes.... I've never heard/red about this...what effect does this kind of programming have? Wouldn't it be better to write down classes in a seperate file and methods side by side and not within each other (like every book tells you)? What are the advantages and disadvantages of this kind of programming? Here's an example of what I mean: Handler mHandler = new Handler() { public void handleMessage(android.os.Message msg) { TextView textView = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.description); textView.setText(mRoad.mName + " " + mRoad.mDescription); MapOverlay mapOverlay = new MapOverlay(mRoad, mapView); List<Overlay> listOfOverlays = mapView.getOverlays(); listOfOverlays.clear(); listOfOverlays.add(mapOverlay); mapView.invalidate(); }; };

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  • Transferring object from parent to child

    - by waiwai933
    I'm currently developing an Custom Application using the IP.Board framework, which is in PHP, which by default, creates a IPSMember object for the logged-in user. However, I'm developing an additional class, basically class SpecialUser extends IPSMember Is there a way to get the parent object, which is IPSMember to change to SpecialUser?

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