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  • What are the lesser known but cool data structures ?

    - by f3lix
    There a some data structures around that are really cool but are unknown to most programmers. Which are they? Everybody knows linked lists, binary trees, and hashes, but what about Skip lists, Bloom filters for example. I would like to know more data structures that are not so common, but are worth knowing because they rely on great ideas and enrich a programmer's tool box. PS: I am also interested on techniques like Dancing links which make interesting use of the properties of a common data structure. EDIT: Please try to include links to pages describing the data structures in more detail. Also, try to add a couple of words on why a data structures is cool (as Jonas Kölker already pointed out). Also, try to provide one data-structure per answer. This will allow the better data structures to float to the top based on their votes alone.

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  • Force CL-Lex to read whole word

    - by Flávio Cruz
    I'm using CL-Lex to implement a lexer (as input for CL-YACC) and my language has several keywords such as "let" and "in". However, while the lexer recognizes such keywords, it does too much. When it finds words such as "init", it returns the first token as IN, while it should return a "CONST" token for the "init" word. This is a simple version of the lexer: (define-string-lexer lexer (...) ("in" (return (values :in $@))) ("[a-z]([a-z]|[A-Z]|\_)" (return (values :const $@)))) How do I force the lexer to fully read the whole word until some whitespace appears?

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  • Why doesn't negative values for the second index in a jagged array work in Python?

    - by univerio
    For example, if I have the following (data from Project Euler): s = [[75], [95, 64], [17, 47, 82], [18, 35, 87, 10], [20, 4, 82, 47, 65], [19, 1, 23, 75, 3, 34], [88, 2, 77, 73, 7, 63, 67], [99, 65, 4, 28, 6, 16, 70, 92], [41, 41, 26, 56, 83, 40, 80, 70, 33], [41, 48, 72, 33, 47, 32, 37, 16, 94, 29], [53, 71, 44, 65, 25, 43, 91, 52, 97, 51, 14], [70, 11, 33, 28, 77, 73, 17, 78, 39, 68, 17, 57], [91, 71, 52, 38, 17, 14, 91, 43, 58, 50, 27, 29, 48], [63, 66, 4, 68,89, 53, 67, 30, 73, 16, 69, 87, 40, 31], [4, 62, 98, 27, 23, 9, 70, 98, 73, 93, 38, 53, 60, 4, 23]] Why does s[1:][:-1] give me the same thing as s[1:] instead of (what I want) [s[i][:-1] for i in range(1,len(s))]. In other words, why does Python ignore my second index?

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  • Java Heap Overflow, Forcing Garbage Collection

    - by Nicholas
    I've create a trie tree with an array of children. When deleting a word, I set the children null, which I would assume deletes the node(delete is a relative term). I know that null doesn't delete the child, just sets it to null, which when using a large amount of words it causes to overflow the heap. Running a top on linux, I can see my memory usage spike to 1gb pretty quickly, but if I force garbage collection after the delete (Runtime.gc()) the memory usage goes to 50mb and never above that. From what I'm told, java by default runs garbage collection before a heap overflow happens, but I can't see to make that happen.

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  • How do I do automatic data serialization of data objects in Haskell

    - by Adam Gent
    One of the huge benefits in languages that have some sort of reflection/introspecition is that objects can be automatically constructed from a variety of sources. For example in Java I can use the same objects for persisting to a db (with Hibernate) serializing to XML (with JAXB) or serializing to JSON (json-lib). You can do the same in Ruby and Python also usually following some simple rules for properties or annotations for Java. Thus I don't need lots "Domain Transfer Objects". I can concentrate on the domain I am working in. It seems in very strict FP like Haskell and Ocaml this is not possible. Particularly Haskell. The only thing I have seen is doing some sort of preprocessing or meta-programming (ocaml). Is it just accepted that you have to do all the transformations from the bottom upwards? In other words you have to do lot of boring work to turn a data type in haskell into JSON/XML/DB Row object and back again into a data object.

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  • How to use jquery ajax to set the content of a div, then call JS from that div

    - by devzero
    I'm using JQuery to load the content of an mvc usercontroll: function menuShowModal(a) { $.ajax( { url: a.href, success: function (result) { $('#modalDialog').dialog('close'); var $dialog = $('<div id=\'modalDialog\'></div>') .html(result) .dialog({ autoOpen: true, title: 'Basic Dialog', modal: true }); }, cache: false, type: 'get' }); return false; } The returned HTML looks like this: <input type="text" id="navnet" value="test" /> <script type="text/javascript"> $(document).ready( function () { alert($("#navnet").val()); } ) </script> The problem is that the alert returns "undefined" and not "test" as it should, in other words the JS is executed before the html is inserted, how do I work around this?

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  • Home Pages in ASP.NET MVC

    - by Maxim Z.
    I'm trying out ASP.NET MVC, but, after reading a huge tutorial, I'm slightly confused. I understand how Controllers have Actions that URLs are routed to, but how do home pages work? Is the home page its own controller (e.g. "Home") that has no actions? This sounds correct, but how is it functionality implemented without Actions (no Actions means no methods that call the View Engine)? In other words, my question is this: how are home pages implemented (in terms of Controllers and Views)? Could you please provide sample code?

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  • Assembly.CodeBase: when is it no file-URI?

    - by Marc Wittke
    Assembly.Location gives a plain path to the assembly. Unfortunately this is empty when running in a shadowed environment, such as unit test or ASP.NET. Hovever, the Codebase property is available and provides a URI that can be used instead. In which cases it returns no URI starting with file:///? Or in other words: what are the cases in which this won't work or will return unusable results? Assembly assembly = GetType().Assembly; Uri codeBaseUri = new Uri(assembly.CodeBase); string path = codeBaseUri.LocalPath;

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  • Firefox extension dev: observing preferences, avoid multiple notifications

    - by Michael
    Let's say my Firefox extension has multiple preferences, but some of them are grouped, like check interval, fail retry interval, destination url. Those are used in just single function. When I subscribe to preference service and add observer, the observe callback will be called for each changed preference, so if by chance user changed all of the settings in group, then I will have to do the same routine for the same subsystem as many times as I have items in that preferences group. It's a great redundancy! What I want is observe to be called just once for group of preferences. Say extensions.myextension.interval1 extensions.myextension.site extensions.myextension.retry so if one or all of those preferences are changed, I receive only 1 notification about it. In other words, no matter how many preferences changed in branch, I want the observe callback to called once.

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  • What exactly is a no-parameter method name?

    - by mystify
    From the Core Data docs: A property name cannot be the same as any no-parameter method name of NSObject or NSManagedObject—for example, you cannot give a property the name “description” Ok, so -description is blocked for property names. I guess it's because of KVC. But what exactly does "no-parameter" mean? Is that any method which does not take a parameter? So in other words: Any property of NSObject or NSManagedObject ANY method name of NSObject or NSManagedObject, which does not take a parameter Did I get that right?

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  • Does the UISplitViewController have to be the root controller of an iPad app?

    - by Ralph
    Hey friends, According to Apple's documentation on the UISplitViewController (in the new iPad 3.2 SDK) it looks like they intend for you to use it only as a root controller of an app. In other words...it seams like you cannot push a UISplitViewController onto a UINavigationController because obviously the UINavigationController would need to hold the split view. Can anyone confirm if this is a true limitation of the UISplitViewController? I was hoping to use the split view in my app a few levels deep in my UINavigationController hierarchy but it looks like I won't be able to do that unless there is a way. Thank you!

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  • Resources to learn about engineering aspects of data analytics (OLAP, warehousing, ETL, etc.)

    - by JT
    I'm a math/stats guy, interested in learning more about the engineering aspects of "data analytics" (this may be an overly broad term, this is a case of "I don't know what I don't know", so I'm not sure how to be more specific). I'm fine with manipulating and analyzing the data once it's already stored somewhere and I can access it, and I'm fine with writing scripts and SQL queries (and have a general knowledge of things like normalization). What I don't know is the whole engineering process of capturing and storing the data. For example, terms I've heard thrown about that I only vaguely understand the meaning of include: - OLAP, OLTP - Data warehousing - ETL - ??? What's a good book (or any other resource) to learn about these kinds of things? What are things I should know about database design (normalization seems kinda "obvious" to me, something I would have done even before I knew the term -- is there anything else?)? In other words, for jobs falling under the umbrella term of "analytics engineer", what kinds of things should I know?

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  • File processing-Haskell

    - by Martinas Maria
    How can I implement in haskell the following: I receive an input file from the command line. This input file contains words separated with tabs,new lines and spaces.I have two replace this elements(tabs,new lines and spaces) with comma(,) .Observation:more newlines,tabs,spaces will be replaced with a single comma.The result has to be write in a new file(output.txt). Please help me with this.My haskell skills are very scarse. This is what I have so far: processFile::String->String processFile [] =[] processFile input =input process :: String -> IO String process fileName = do text <- readFile fileName return (processFile text) main :: IO () main = do n <- process "input.txt" print n In processFile function I should process the text from the input file. I'm stuck..Please help.

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  • Is -1 a magic number? An anti-pattern? A code smell? Quotes and guidelines from authorities

    - by polygenelubricants
    I've seen -1 used in various APIs, most commonly when searching into a "collection" with zero-based indices, usually to indicate the "not found" index. This "works" because -1 is never a legal index to begin with. It seems that any negative number should work, but I think -1 is almost always used, as some sort of (unwritten?) convention. I would like to limit the scope to Java at least for now. My questions are: What are the official words from Sun regarding using -1 as a "special" return value like this? What quotes are there regarding this issue, from e.g. James Gosling, Josh Bloch, or even other authoritative figures outside of Java? What were some of the notable discussions regarding this issue in the past?

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  • ruby c extensions: character values over 127

    - by Adrian
    I am trying to make a C extension for Ruby that includes a method returning a string, which will sometimes have character values that need to be in an unsigned char. In http://github.com/shyouhei/ruby/blob/trunk/README.EXT, all of the functions listed for turning C strings into Ruby strings take signed chars. So I couldn't do this: unsigned char bytes[] = {0xf0, 0xf1, 0xf2}; return rb_str_new(bytes, 3); How could I make a method that returns these types of strings? In other words, how would I make a C extension with a method returning "\xff"?

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  • How can one make a web-site accessible only when someone has a dongle?

    - by Brian M. Hunt
    Suppose you want to add an extra layer of credentials on top of a SSL-encrypted login/password, but you don't want to increase complexity to the user. Is there a way to add the requirement of the possession of a dongle to web-server authentication schemes with existing cross-platform browser capabilities? In other words, to get access to the web-site, you would need a username, password, and a USB dongle that has been plugged into the client computer. The dongle would presumably do some sort of challenge/response. It'd be ideal if this dongle solution worked with Firefox automatically or with the simple addition of a plugin. Thoughts and suggestions are appreciated.

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  • Question About DateCreated and DateModified Columns - MS SQL Server

    - by user311509
    CREATE TABLE Customer ( customerID int identity (500,20) CONSTRAINT . . dateCreated datetime DEFAULT GetDate() NOT NULL, dateModified datetime DEFAULT GetDate() NOT NULL ); When i insert a record, dateCreated and dateModified gets set to default date/time. When i update/modify the record, dateModified and dateCreated remains as is? What should i do? Obviously, i need to dateCreated value to remain as was inserted the first time and dateModified keeps changing when a change/modification occurs in the record fields. In other words, can you please write a sample quick trigger? I don't know much yet... Any help will be appreciated.

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  • How to remove all of the html whitespace/newlines of a NSString

    - by Kyriakos Leivadas
    i've got a problem and i hope someone can solve it. I parsed some html to a nsstring and im trying to trim all of the characters and keep some specific words. The problem is that i trimmed all the characters from the nsstring that i didnt want but the weird thing is that i cant get rid of all the whitespace. i used all the techniques i read from other answers but still some whitespace remains. here is my code -(void)requestFinished:(ASIHTTPRequest *)request{ NSString *htmlData = [request responseString]; NSCharacterSet *garbage = [NSCharacterSet characterSetWithCharactersInString:@"qazwsxedcrfvtgbyhnujmik,ol.p;/[]'QAZWSXEDCRFVTGBYHNUJMIKOLP()\"-1234567890#{}=:+_&!`<>"]; //im doing this to remove all characters except non-english chars htmlData = [htmlData compomentsSeparatedByCharactersInSet:garbage ]compomentsJoinedByString:@""]; htmlData = [htmlData stringByTrimmingCharactersInSet:[NSCharacterSet whitespaceAndNewlineCharacterSet]]; htmlData = [htmlData stringByReplacingOccurencesOfString:@"[\n\t\r ]+" withString@""]; htmlData = [htmlData stringByReplacingOccurencesOfString:@" " withString:@""]; NSLog(@"%@",htmlData); } i get this result: nonenglishwordsnonenglishwords nonenglishwordsnonenglishwords (whitespace or new lines in middle remains) thank you.

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  • log4j/log4cxx : exclusive 1 to 1 relation between logger and appender

    - by Omry
    Using the xml configuration of log4cxx (which is identical in configuration to log4j). I want to have a certain logger output exclusively to a specific appender (have it the only logger which outputs to that appender). I found that it's possible to bind a logger to a specific appender like this: <logger name="LoggerName"> <level value="info"/> <appender-ref ref="AppenderName"/> </logger> but it that logger still outputs to the root appender because I have this standard piece in the conf file: <root> <priority value="DEBUG"/> <appender-ref ref="OtherAppender"/> </root> How can I exclude that logger from the root logger? in other words, how do I configure the log such that all loggers inherit the appenders of the root logger except a specific logger?

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  • excel vba: return values only if they are not present in current column

    - by every_answer_gets_a_point
    i have a column to which i am adding data from another column i would like to check whether that column has the data that i wish to add. can you help me wiht a formula that will tell me whether a certain value exists in the current column? please keep in mind it is a bit more complex than it sounds. currently i have this in the cell: =IF(OR(A3="ETG_C",A3="ETGC"),C3,"na") i would like to have something like this =IF(FIND(IF(OR(A2="ETG_C",A2="ETGC"),C2,"na"),K:K,1)," ",IF(OR(A2="ETG_C",A2="ETGC"),C2,"na")) another words, if the top value exists already, then add a blank space

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  • is it possible to lock oracle 10g database table with ADO.NET?

    - by matti
    I have a table that contains a maximum value that needs to be get and set by multiple programs. How can I lock the table for a while when old value is got and new is updated in C#? In other words: string sql = "lock table MaxValueTable in exclusive mode"; using (DbCommand cmd = cnctn.CreateCommand()) { cmd.CommandText = sql; // execute command somehow!! } maxValue = GetMaxValue(); SetMaxValue(maxValue + X); sql = "lock table MaxValueTable in share mode"; using (DbCommand cmd = cnctn.CreateCommand()) { cmd.CommandText = sql; // execute command somehow!! }

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  • Groovy GDK equivalent of Apache Commons StringUtils.capitalize(str) or Perl's ucfirst(str)

    - by knorv
    Yes/no-question: Is there a Groovy GDK function to capitalize the first character of a string? I'm looking for a Groovy equivalent of Perl's ucfirst(..) or Apache Commons StringUtils.capitalize(str) (the latter capitalizes the first letter of all words in the input string). I'm currently coding this by hand using .. str = str[0].toUpperCase() + str[1 .. str.size() - 1] .. which works, but I assume there is a more Groovy way to do it. I'd imagine ucfirst(..) being a more common operation than say center(..) which is a standard method in the Groovy GDK (see http://groovy.codehaus.org/groovy-jdk/java/lang/String.html).

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  • How do you go from an abstract project description to actual code?

    - by Jason
    Maybe its because I've been coding around two semesters now, but the major stumbling block that I'm having at this point is converting the professor's project description and requirements to actual code. Since I'm currently in Algorithms 101, I basically do a bottom-up process, starting with a blank whiteboard and draw out the object and method interactions, then translate that into classes and code. But now the prof has tossed interfaces and abstract classes into the mix. Intellectually, I can recognize how they work, but am stubbing my toes figuring out how to use these new tools with the current project (simulating a web server). In my professors own words, mapping the abstract description to Java code is the real trick. So what steps are best used to go from English (or whatever your language is) to computer code? How do you decide where and when to create an interface, or use an abstract class?

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  • Generate image with Drupal imagecache before using imagecache_create_path & getimagesize

    - by ozke
    Hi guys, I'm using imagecache_create_path() and getimagesize() to get the path of a imagecache-generated image and its dimensions. However, if it's the first time we access the page that image doesn't exist yet and imagecache_create_path doesn't generate it either. Here's the code: // we get the image path from a preset (always return the path even if the file doesn't exist) $small_image_path = imagecache_create_path('gallery_image_small', $image["filepath"]); // I get the image dimensions (only if the file exists already) $data_small = list($width, $height, $type, $image_attributes) = @getimagesize($small_image_path); Is there any API method to get the path AND generate the file? In other words, can I generate the image (using a preset) from PHP without showing it in the browser? Thank you in advance

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  • Forbid GridView to load all views at once

    - by efpies
    I have about 700 items to display in the grid view. On a Samsung Galaxy Tab 10.1 this is not a problem: it has enough memory. On a HTC Explorer the heap is overflown. So I want to load data dynamically regarding current scroll position (N rows for screen + 5 rows as a tail). And I want to show a scrollbar which represents the position in total rows. But I don't want to draw items that I don't see. In other words, I want to create something similar to UITableView in iOS. How can I do this?

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