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• Change Tracking

  - by Ricardo Peres

  You may recall my last post on Change Data Control. This time I am going to talk about other option for tracking changes to tables on SQL Server: Change Tracking. The main differences between the two are: Change Tracking works with SQL Server 2008 Express Change Tracking does not require SQL Server Agent to be running Change Tracking does not keep the old values in case of an UPDATE or DELETE Change Data Capture uses an asynchronous process, so there is no overhead on each operation Change Data Capture requires more storage and processing Here's some code that illustrates it's usage: -- for demonstrative purposes, table Post of database Blog only contains two columns, PostId and Title -- enable change tracking for database Blog, for 2 days ALTER DATABASE Blog SET CHANGE_TRACKING = ON (CHANGE_RETENTION = 2 DAYS, AUTO_CLEANUP = ON); -- enable change tracking for table Post ALTER TABLE Post ENABLE CHANGE_TRACKING WITH (TRACK_COLUMNS_UPDATED = ON); -- see current records on table Post SELECT * FROM Post SELECT * FROM sys.sysobjects WHERE name = 'Post' SELECT * FROM sys.sysdatabases WHERE name = 'Blog' -- confirm that table Post and database Blog are being change tracked SELECT * FROM sys.change_tracking_tables SELECT * FROM sys.change_tracking_databases -- see current version for table Post SELECT p.PostId, p.Title, c.SYS_CHANGE_VERSION, c.SYS_CHANGE_CONTEXT FROM Post AS p CROSS APPLY CHANGETABLE(VERSION Post, (PostId), (p.PostId)) AS c; -- update post UPDATE Post SET Title = 'First Post Title Changed' WHERE Title = 'First Post Title'; -- see current version for table Post SELECT p.PostId, p.Title, c.SYS_CHANGE_VERSION, c.SYS_CHANGE_CONTEXT FROM Post AS p CROSS APPLY CHANGETABLE(VERSION Post, (PostId), (p.PostId)) AS c; -- see changes since version 0 (initial) SELECT p.Title, c.PostId, SYS_CHANGE_VERSION, SYS_CHANGE_OPERATION, SYS_CHANGE_COLUMNS, SYS_CHANGE_CONTEXT FROM CHANGETABLE(CHANGES Post, 0) AS c LEFT OUTER JOIN Post AS p ON p.PostId = c.PostId; -- is column Title of table Post changed since version 0? SELECT CHANGE_TRACKING_IS_COLUMN_IN_MASK(COLUMNPROPERTY(OBJECT_ID('Post'), 'Title', 'ColumnId'), (SELECT SYS_CHANGE_COLUMNS FROM CHANGETABLE(CHANGES Post, 0) AS c)) -- get current version SELECT CHANGE_TRACKING_CURRENT_VERSION() -- disable change tracking for table Post ALTER TABLE Post DISABLE CHANGE_TRACKING; -- disable change tracking for database Blog ALTER DATABASE Blog SET CHANGE_TRACKING = OFF; You can read about the differences between the two options here. Choose the one that best suits your needs! SyntaxHighlighter.config.clipboardSwf = 'http://alexgorbatchev.com/pub/sh/2.0.320/scripts/clipboard.swf'; SyntaxHighlighter.brushes.CSharp.aliases = ['c#', 'c-sharp', 'csharp']; SyntaxHighlighter.brushes.Xml.aliases = ['xml']; SyntaxHighlighter.all();

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• SQL SERVER – DMV – sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks and sys.dm_exec_requests – Wait Type – Day 4 of 28

  - by pinaldave

  Previously, we covered the DMV sys.dm_os_wait_stats, and also saw how it can be useful to identify the major resource bottleneck. However, at the same time, we discussed that this is only useful when we are looking at an instance-level picture. Quite often we want to know about the processes going in our server at the given instant. Here is the query for the same. This DMV is written taking the following into consideration: we want to analyze the queries that are currently running or which have recently ran and their plan is still in the cache. SELECT dm_ws.wait_duration_ms, dm_ws.wait_type, dm_es.status, dm_t.TEXT, dm_qp.query_plan, dm_ws.session_ID, dm_es.cpu_time, dm_es.memory_usage, dm_es.logical_reads, dm_es.total_elapsed_time, dm_es.program_name, DB_NAME(dm_r.database_id) DatabaseName, -- Optional columns dm_ws.blocking_session_id, dm_r.wait_resource, dm_es.login_name, dm_r.command, dm_r.last_wait_type FROM sys.dm_os_waiting_tasks dm_ws INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_requests dm_r ON dm_ws.session_id = dm_r.session_id INNER JOIN sys.dm_exec_sessions dm_es ON dm_es.session_id = dm_r.session_id CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_sql_text (dm_r.sql_handle) dm_t CROSS APPLY sys.dm_exec_query_plan (dm_r.plan_handle) dm_qp WHERE dm_es.is_user_process = 1 GO You can change CROSS APPLY to OUTER APPLY if you want to see all the details which are omitted because of the plan cache. Let us analyze the result of the above query and see how it can be helpful to identify the query and the kind of wait type it creates. Click to Enlarage The above query will return various columns. There are various columns that provide very important details. e.g. wait_duration_ms – it indicates current wait for the query that executes at that point of time. wait_type – it indicates the current wait type for the query text – indicates the query text query_plan – when clicked on the same, it will display the query plans There are many other important information like CPU_time, memory_usage, and logical_reads, which can be read from the query as well. In future posts on this series, we will see how once identified wait type we can attempt to reduce the same. Read all the post in the Wait Types and Queue series. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: DMV, Pinal Dave, PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL DMV, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, SQL Wait Stats, SQL Wait Types, T SQL, Technology

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• SQL SERVER – A Puzzle – Fun with NULL – Fix Error 8117

  - by pinaldave

  During my 8 years of career, I have been involved in many interviews. Quite often, I act as the  interview. If I am the interviewer, I ask many questions – from easy questions to difficult ones. When I am the interviewee, I frequently get an opportunity to ask the interviewer some questions back. Regardless of the my capacity in attending the interview, I always make it a point to ask the interviewer at least one question. What is NULL? It’s always fun to ask this question during interviews, because in every interview, I get a different answer. NULL is often confused with false, absence of value or infinite value. Honestly, NULL is a very interesting subject as it bases its behavior in server settings. There are a few properties of NULL that are universal, but the knowledge about these properties is not known in a universal sense. Let us run this simple puzzle. Run the following T-SQL script: SELECT SUM(data) FROM (SELECT NULL AS data) t It will return the following error: Msg 8117, Level 16, State 1, Line 1 Operand data type NULL is invalid for sum operator. Now the error makes it very clear that NULL is invalid for sum Operator. Frequently enough, I have showed this simple query to many folks whom I came across. I asked them if they could modify the subquery and return the result as NULL. Here is what I expected: Even though this is a very simple looking query, so far I’ve got the correct answer from only 10% of the people to whom I have asked this question. It was common for me to receive this kind of answer – convert the NULL to some data type. However, doing so usually returns the value as 0 or the integer they passed. SELECT SUM(data) FROM (SELECT ISNULL(NULL,0) AS data) t I usually see many people modifying the outer query to get desired NULL result, but that is not allowed in this simple puzzle. This small puzzle made me wonder how many people have a clear understanding about NULL. Well, here is the answer to my simple puzzle. Just CAST NULL AS INT and it will return the final result as NULL: SELECT SUM(data) FROM (SELECT CAST(NULL AS INT) AS data) t Now that you know the answer, don’t you think it was very simple indeed? This blog post is especially dedicated to my friend Madhivanan who has written an excellent blog post about NULL. I am confident that after reading the blog post from Madhivanan, you will have no confusion regarding NULL in the future. Read: NULL, NULL, NULL and nothing but NULL. Reference: Pinal Dave (http://blog.sqlauthority.com) Filed under: PostADay, SQL, SQL Authority, SQL Puzzle, SQL Query, SQL Scripts, SQL Server, SQL Tips and Tricks, T SQL, Technology

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• Working with Joins in LINQ

  - by vik20000in

  While working with data most of the time we have to work with relation between different lists of data. Many a times we want to fetch data from both the list at once. This requires us to make different kind of joins between the lists of data. LINQ support different kinds of join Inner Join     List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();     List<Supplier> suppliers = GetSupplierList();      var custSupJoin =         from sup in suppliers         join cust in customers on sup.Country equals cust.Country         select new { Country = sup.Country, SupplierName = sup.SupplierName, CustomerName = cust.CompanyName }; Group Join – where By the joined dataset is also grouped.     List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();     List<Supplier> suppliers = GetSupplierList();      var custSupQuery =         from sup in suppliers         join cust in customers on sup.Country equals cust.Country into cs         select new { Key = sup.Country, Items = cs }; We can also work with the Left outer join in LINQ like this.     List<Customer> customers = GetCustomerList();     List<Supplier> suppliers = GetSupplierList();      var supplierCusts =         from sup in suppliers         join cust in customers on sup.Country equals cust.Country into cs         from c in cs.DefaultIfEmpty()  // DefaultIfEmpty preserves left-hand elements that have no matches on the right side         orderby sup.SupplierName         select new { Country = sup.Country, CompanyName = c == null ? "(No customers)" : c.CompanyName,                      SupplierName = sup.SupplierName};Vikram

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• Live Debugging

  - by Daniel Moth

  Based on my classification of diagnostics, you should know what live debugging is NOT about - at least according to me :-) and in this post I'll share how I think of live debugging. These are the (outer) steps to live debugging Get the debugger in the picture. Control program execution. Inspect state. Iterate between 2 and 3 as necessary. Stop debugging (and potentially start new iteration going back to step 1). Step 1 has two options: start with the debugger attached, or execute your binary separately and attach the debugger later. You might say there is a 3rd option, where the app notifies you that there is an issue, referred to as JIT debugging. However, that is just a variation of the attach because that is when you start the debugging session: when you attach. I'll be covering in future posts how this step works in Visual Studio. Step 2 is about pausing (or breaking) your app so that it makes no progress and remains "frozen". A sub-variation is to pause only parts of its execution, or in other words to freeze individual threads. I'll be covering in future posts the various ways you can perform this step in Visual Studio. Step 3, is about seeing what the state of your program is when you have paused it. Typically it involves comparing the state you are finding, with a mental picture of what you thought the state would be. Or simply checking invariants about the intended state of the app, with the actual state of the app. I'll be covering in future posts the various ways you can perform this step in Visual Studio. Step 4 is necessary if you need to inspect more state - rinse and repeat. Self-explanatory, and will be covered as part of steps 2 & 3. Step 5 is the most straightforward, with 3 options: Detach the debugger; terminate your binary though the normal way that it terminates (e.g. close the main window); and, terminate the debugging session through your debugger with a result that it terminates the execution of your program too. In a future post I'll cover the ways you can detach or terminate the debugger in Visual Studio. I found an old picture I used to use to map the steps above on Visual Studio 2010. It is basically the Debug menu with colored rectangles around each menu mapping the menu to one of the first 3 steps (step 5 was merged with step 1 for that slide). Here it is in case it helps: Stay tuned for more... Comments about this post by Daniel Moth welcome at the original blog.

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• Strange rendering in XNA/Monogame

  - by Gerhman

  I am trying to render G-Code generated for a 3d-printer as the printed product by reading the file as line segments and the drawing cylinders with the diameter of the filament around the segment. I think I have managed to do this part right because the vertex I am sending to the graphics device appear to have been processed correctly. My problem I think lies somewhere in the rendering. What basically happens is that when I start rotating my model in the X or Y axis then it renders perfectly for half of the rotation but then for the other half it has this weird effect where you start seeing through the outer filament into some of the shapes inside. This effect is the strongest with X rotations though. Here is a picture of the part of the rotation that looks correct: And here is one that looks horrible: I am still quite new to XNA and/Monogame and 3d programming as a whole. I have no idea what could possibly be causing this and even less of an idea of what this type of behavior is called. I am guessing this has something to do with rendering so have added the code for that part: protected override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Black); basicEffect.World = world; basicEffect.View = view; basicEffect.Projection = projection; basicEffect.VertexColorEnabled = true; basicEffect.EnableDefaultLighting(); GraphicsDevice.SetVertexBuffer(vertexBuffer); RasterizerState rasterizerState = new RasterizerState(); rasterizerState.CullMode = CullMode.CullClockwiseFace; rasterizerState.ScissorTestEnable = true; GraphicsDevice.RasterizerState = rasterizerState; foreach (EffectPass pass in basicEffect.CurrentTechnique.Passes) { pass.Apply(); GraphicsDevice.DrawPrimitives(PrimitiveType.TriangleList, 0, vertexBuffer.VertexCount); } base.Draw(gameTime); } I don't know if it could be because I am shading something that does not really have a texture. I am using this custom vertex declaration I found on some tutorial that allows me to store a vertex with a position, color and normal: public struct VertexPositionColorNormal { public Vector3 Position; public Color Color; public Vector3 Normal; public readonly static VertexDeclaration VertexDeclaration = new VertexDeclaration ( new VertexElement(0, VertexElementFormat.Vector3, VertexElementUsage.Position, 0), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 3, VertexElementFormat.Color, VertexElementUsage.Color, 0), new VertexElement(sizeof(float) * 3 + 4, VertexElementFormat.Vector3, VertexElementUsage.Normal, 0) ); } If any of you have ever seen this type of thing please help. Also, if you think that the problem might lay somewhere else in my code then please just request what part you would like to see in the comments section.

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• Why does my code dividing a 2D array into chunks fail?

  - by Borog

  I have a 2D-Array representing my world. I want to divide this huge thing into smaller chunks to make collision detection easier. I have a Chunk class that consists only of another 2D Array with a specific width and height and I want to iterate through the world, create new Chunks and add them to a list (or maybe a Map with Coordinates as the key; we'll see about that). world = new World(8192, 1024); Integer[][] chunkArray; for(int a = 0; a < map.getHeight() / Chunk.chunkHeight; a++) { for(int b = 0; b < map.getWidth() / Chunk.chunkWidth; b++) { Chunk chunk = new Chunk(); chunkArray = new Integer[Chunk.chunkWidth][Chunk.chunkHeight]; for(int x = Chunk.chunkHeight*a; x < Chunk.chunkHeight*(a+1); x++) { for(int y = Chunk.chunkWidth*b; y < Chunk.chunkWidth*(b+1); y++) { // Yes, the tileMap actually is [height][width] I'll have // to fix that somewhere down the line -.- chunkArray[y][x] = map.getTileMap()[x*a][y*b]; // TODO:Attach to chunk } } chunkList.add(chunk); } } System.out.println(chunkList.size()); The two outer loops get a new chunk in a specific row and column. I do that by dividing the overall size of the map by the chunkSize. The inner loops then fill a new chunkArray and attach it to the chunk. But somehow my maths is broken here. Let's assume the chunkHeight = chunkWidth = 64. For the first Array I want to start at [0][0] and go until [63][63]. For the next I want to start at [64][64] and go until [127][127] and so on. But I get an out of bounds exception and can't figure out why. Any help appreciated! Actually I think I know where the problem lies: chunkArray[y][x] can't work, because y goes from 0-63 just in the first iteration. Afterwards it goes from 64-127, so sure it is out of bounds. Still no nice solution though :/ EDIT: if(y < Chunk.chunkWidth && x < Chunk.chunkHeight) chunkArray[y][x] = map.getTileMap()[y][x]; This works for the first iteration... now I need to get the commonly accepted formula.

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• SharePoint 2010 HierarchicalConfig Caching Problem

  - by Damon

  We've started using the Application Foundations for SharePoint 2010 in some of our projects at work, and I came across a nasty issue with the hierarchical configuration settings.  I have some settings that I am storing at the Farm level, and as I was testing my code it seemed like the settings were not being saved - at least that is what it appeared was the case at first.  However, I happened to reset IIS and the settings suddenly appeared.  Immediately, I figured that it must be a caching issue and dug into the code base.  I found that there was a 10 second caching mechanism in the SPFarmPropertyBag and the SPWebAppPropertyBag classes.  So I ran another test where I waited 10 seconds to make sure that enough time had passed to force the caching mechanism to reset the data.  After 10 minutes the cache had still not cleared.  After digging a bit further, I found a double lock check that looked a bit off in the GetSettingsStore() method of the SPFarmPropertyBag class: if (_settingStore == null || (DateTime.Now.Subtract(lastLoad).TotalSeconds) > cacheInterval)) { //Need to exist so don't deadlock. rrLock.EnterWriteLock(); try { //make sure first another thread didn't already load... if (_settingStore == null) { _settingStore = WebAppSettingStore.Load(this.webApplication); lastLoad = DateTime.Now; } } finally { rrLock.ExitWriteLock(); } } What ends up happening here is the outer check determines if the _settingStore is null or the cache has expired, but the inner check is just checking if the _settingStore is null (which is never the case after the first time it's been loaded).  Ergo, the cached settings are never reset.  The fix is really easy, just add the cache checking back into the inner if statement. //make sure first another thread didn't already load... if (_settingStore == null || (DateTime.Now.Subtract(lastLoad).TotalSeconds) > cacheInterval) { _settingStore = WebAppSettingStore.Load(this.webApplication); lastLoad = DateTime.Now; } And then it starts working just fine. as long as you wait at least 10 seconds for the cache to clear.

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• SCCM Report to identify machines with 64-bit capable hardware

  - by GAThrawn

  Currently looking at deployment options for Windows 7. One of the questions we're looking into is 32 bit vs 63 bit. I'm trying to run a SCCM report against our estate to identify which machines are 64-bit capable (whether or not they're currently running a 64-bit OS). There seem to be a few resources out on the net for this (here, here and here) but none of them seem to work right on machines running 32-bit Windows XP. 32-bit XP machines seem to always report that they're running on 32-bit hardware. The query I'm currently running is: select sys.netbios_name0, sys.Operating_System_Name_and0 as OperatingSystem, case when pr.addresswidth0=64 then '64bit OS' when pr.addresswidth0=32 then '32bit OS' end as [Operating System Type], case when pr.DataWidth0=64 then '64bit Processor' when pr.DataWidth0=32 then '32bit Processor' end as [Processor Type], case when pr.addresswidth0=32 and pr.DataWidth0=64 then 'YES' end as [32-bit OS on x64 processor] from v_r_system sys join v_gs_processor pr on sys.resourceid=pr.resourceid I've also tried this, which reports all "Windows XP Professional" systems are on "X86-based PC", not x64 based even though a number of them definitely are: select OS.Caption0, CS.SystemType0, Count(*) from dbo.v_GS_COMPUTER_SYSTEM CS Left Outer Join dbo.v_GS_OPERATING_SYSTEM OS on CS.ResourceID = OS.ResourceId Group by OS.Caption0, CS.SystemType0 Order by OS.Caption0, CS.SystemType0 For instance we have a set of Dell Latitude E4200 laptops. Some of these are running 32-bit Windows XP SP3, some of them are running 32-bit Windows 7, some are running 64-bit Windows 7. All the laptops are identical, having come from the same order. Out of these the Windows 7 (32 and 64-bit) report that the hardware is 64-bit capable, and the Windows XP machines report that they're only 32-bit capable. Does anyone know if there's another value I can query to get the hardware's capabilities correctly on XP, or is there a hotfix that will get it reporting the correct info?

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• JPA : optimize EJB-QL query involving large many-to-many join table

  - by Fabien

  Hi all. I'm using Hibernate Entity Manager 3.4.0.GA with Spring 2.5.6 and MySql 5.1. I have a use case where an entity called Artifact has a reflexive many-to-many relation with itself, and the join table is quite large (1 million lines). As a result, the HQL query performed by one of the methods in my DAO takes a long time. Any advice on how to optimize this and still use HQL ? Or do I have no choice but to switch to a native SQL query that would perform a join between the table ARTIFACT and the join table ARTIFACT_DEPENDENCIES ? Here is the problematic query performed in the DAO : @SuppressWarnings("unchecked") public List<Artifact> findDependentArtifacts(Artifact artifact) { Query query = em.createQuery("select a from Artifact a where :artifact in elements(a.dependencies)"); query.setParameter("artifact", artifact); List<Artifact> list = query.getResultList(); return list; } And the code for the Artifact entity : package com.acme.dependencytool.persistence.model; import java.util.ArrayList; import java.util.List; import javax.persistence.CascadeType; import javax.persistence.Column; import javax.persistence.Entity; import javax.persistence.FetchType; import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue; import javax.persistence.Id; import javax.persistence.JoinColumn; import javax.persistence.JoinTable; import javax.persistence.ManyToMany; import javax.persistence.Table; import javax.persistence.UniqueConstraint; @Entity @Table(name = "ARTIFACT", uniqueConstraints={@UniqueConstraint(columnNames={"GROUP_ID", "ARTIFACT_ID", "VERSION"})}) public class Artifact { @Id @GeneratedValue @Column(name = "ID") private Long id = null; @Column(name = "GROUP_ID", length = 255, nullable = false) private String groupId; @Column(name = "ARTIFACT_ID", length = 255, nullable = false) private String artifactId; @Column(name = "VERSION", length = 255, nullable = false) private String version; @ManyToMany(cascade=CascadeType.ALL, fetch=FetchType.EAGER) @JoinTable( name="ARTIFACT_DEPENDENCIES", joinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="ARTIFACT_ID", referencedColumnName="ID"), inverseJoinColumns = @JoinColumn(name="DEPENDENCY_ID", referencedColumnName="ID") ) private List<Artifact> dependencies = new ArrayList<Artifact>(); public Long getId() { return id; } public void setId(Long id) { this.id = id; } public String getGroupId() { return groupId; } public void setGroupId(String groupId) { this.groupId = groupId; } public String getArtifactId() { return artifactId; } public void setArtifactId(String artifactId) { this.artifactId = artifactId; } public String getVersion() { return version; } public void setVersion(String version) { this.version = version; } public List<Artifact> getDependencies() { return dependencies; } public void setDependencies(List<Artifact> dependencies) { this.dependencies = dependencies; } } Thanks in advance. EDIT 1 : The DDLs are generated automatically by Hibernate EntityMananger based on the JPA annotations in the Artifact entity. I have no explicit control on the automaticaly-generated join table, and the JPA annotations don't let me explicitly set an index on a column of a table that does not correspond to an actual Entity (in the JPA sense). So I guess the indexing of table ARTIFACT_DEPENDENCIES is left to the DB, MySQL in my case, which apparently uses a composite index based on both clumns but doesn't index the column that is most relevant in my query (DEPENDENCY_ID). mysql describe ARTIFACT_DEPENDENCIES; +---------------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | Field | Type | Null | Key | Default | Extra | +---------------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ | ARTIFACT_ID | bigint(20) | NO | MUL | NULL | | | DEPENDENCY_ID | bigint(20) | NO | MUL | NULL | | +---------------+------------+------+-----+---------+-------+ EDIT 2 : When turning on showSql in the Hibernate session, I see many occurences of the same type of SQL query, as below : select dependenci0_.ARTIFACT_ID as ARTIFACT1_1_, dependenci0_.DEPENDENCY_ID as DEPENDENCY2_1_, artifact1_.ID as ID1_0_, artifact1_.ARTIFACT_ID as ARTIFACT2_1_0_, artifact1_.GROUP_ID as GROUP3_1_0_, artifact1_.VERSION as VERSION1_0_ from ARTIFACT_DEPENDENCIES dependenci0_ left outer join ARTIFACT artifact1_ on dependenci0_.DEPENDENCY_ID=artifact1_.ID where dependenci0_.ARTIFACT_ID=? Here's what EXPLAIN in MySql says about this type of query : mysql explain select dependenci0_.ARTIFACT_ID as ARTIFACT1_1_, dependenci0_.DEPENDENCY_ID as DEPENDENCY2_1_, artifact1_.ID as ID1_0_, artifact1_.ARTIFACT_ID as ARTIFACT2_1_0_, artifact1_.GROUP_ID as GROUP3_1_0_, artifact1_.VERSION as VERSION1_0_ from ARTIFACT_DEPENDENCIES dependenci0_ left outer join ARTIFACT artifact1_ on dependenci0_.DEPENDENCY_ID=artifact1_.ID where dependenci0_.ARTIFACT_ID=1; +----+-------------+--------------+--------+-------------------+-------------------+---------+---------------------------------------------+------+-------+ | id | select_type | table | type | possible_keys | key | key_len | ref | rows | Extra | +----+-------------+--------------+--------+-------------------+-------------------+---------+---------------------------------------------+------+-------+ | 1 | SIMPLE | dependenci0_ | ref | FKEA2DE763364D466 | FKEA2DE763364D466 | 8 | const | 159 | | | 1 | SIMPLE | artifact1_ | eq_ref | PRIMARY | PRIMARY | 8 | dependencytooldb.dependenci0_.DEPENDENCY_ID | 1 | | +----+-------------+--------------+--------+-------------------+-------------------+---------+---------------------------------------------+------+-------+ EDIT 3 : I tried setting the FetchType to LAZY in the JoinTable annotation, but I then get the following exception : Hibernate: select artifact0_.ID as ID1_, artifact0_.ARTIFACT_ID as ARTIFACT2_1_, artifact0_.GROUP_ID as GROUP3_1_, artifact0_.VERSION as VERSION1_ from ARTIFACT artifact0_ where artifact0_.GROUP_ID=? and artifact0_.ARTIFACT_ID=? 51545 [btpool0-2] ERROR org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException - failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: com.acme.dependencytool.persistence.model.Artifact.dependencies, no session or session was closed org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: com.acme.dependencytool.persistence.model.Artifact.dependencies, no session or session was closed at org.hibernate.collection.AbstractPersistentCollection.throwLazyInitializationException(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:380) at org.hibernate.collection.AbstractPersistentCollection.throwLazyInitializationExceptionIfNotConnected(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:372) at org.hibernate.collection.AbstractPersistentCollection.readSize(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:119) at org.hibernate.collection.PersistentBag.size(PersistentBag.java:248) at com.acme.dependencytool.server.DependencyToolServiceImpl.createArtifactViewBean(DependencyToolServiceImpl.java:93) at com.acme.dependencytool.server.DependencyToolServiceImpl.createArtifactViewBean(DependencyToolServiceImpl.java:109) at com.acme.dependencytool.server.DependencyToolServiceImpl.search(DependencyToolServiceImpl.java:48) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at com.google.gwt.user.server.rpc.RPC.invokeAndEncodeResponse(RPC.java:527) at com.google.gwt.user.server.rpc.RemoteServiceServlet.processCall(RemoteServiceServlet.java:166) at com.google.gwt.user.server.rpc.RemoteServiceServlet.doPost(RemoteServiceServlet.java:86) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:637) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.ServletHolder.handle(ServletHolder.java:487) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.ServletHandler.handle(ServletHandler.java:362) at org.mortbay.jetty.security.SecurityHandler.handle(SecurityHandler.java:216) at org.mortbay.jetty.servlet.SessionHandler.handle(SessionHandler.java:181) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.ContextHandler.handle(ContextHandler.java:729) at org.mortbay.jetty.webapp.WebAppContext.handle(WebAppContext.java:405) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:152) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.RequestLogHandler.handle(RequestLogHandler.java:49) at org.mortbay.jetty.handler.HandlerWrapper.handle(HandlerWrapper.java:152) at org.mortbay.jetty.Server.handle(Server.java:324) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpConnection.handleRequest(HttpConnection.java:505) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpConnection$RequestHandler.content(HttpConnection.java:843) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpParser.parseNext(HttpParser.java:647) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpParser.parseAvailable(HttpParser.java:205) at org.mortbay.jetty.HttpConnection.handle(HttpConnection.java:380) at org.mortbay.io.nio.SelectChannelEndPoint.run(SelectChannelEndPoint.java:395) at org.mortbay.thread.QueuedThreadPool$PoolThread.run(QueuedThreadPool.java:488)

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• Variable size encrypted container

  - by Cray

  Is there an application similar to TrueCrypt, but the one that can make variable size containers opposed to fixed-size or only-growing-to-certain-amount containers which can be made by TrueCrypt? I want this container to be able to be mounted to a drive/folder, and the size of the outer container not be much different from the total size of all the files that I put into the mounted folder, while still providing strong encryption. If to put it in other words, I want a program like truecrypt, which not only automatically grows the container if I put in new files, but also decreases it's size if some files are deleted. I know there are some issues of course, and it would not work 100% as truecrypt, because it basically works on the sector level of the disk, giving all the filesystem-control to the OS, and so when I remove a file, it might as well be left there, or there might be some fragmentation issues that would stop just truncating the volume from working, but perhaps a program can be built in some other way? Instead of providing sector-level interface, it would provide filesystem-level interface? A filesystem inside a file which would support shrinking when files are deleted?

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• IPTables: NAT multiple IPs to one public IP

  - by Kaemmelot

  I'm looking for a way how to nat 2 or more inner IPs (in my case xen doms) to one outer IP. I tried to use iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -d 123.123.123.123 -j DNAT --to 1.2.3.4 --to 1.2.3.7 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 1.2.3.4 -j SNAT --to 123.123.123.123 iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 1.2.3.7 -j SNAT --to 123.123.123.123 And got an error: iptables v1.4.14: DNAT: Multiple --to-destination not supported Try `iptables -h' or 'iptables --help' for more information. I found this in the manpage: Later Kernels (= 2.6.11-rc1) don't have the ability to NAT to multiple ranges anymore. So my question is: Why is it not possible anymore and is there a workaround? Maybe I should use an other method I don't know yet? EDIT: The idea is to use the system like a router, so I have one address but multiple users behind. The problem is I don't know which connection reffers to a user (for example 1.2.3.4). But I know, they all have different ports open for incomming traffic. So my solution (for DNAT) would be to nat all incoming connections to all users and filter all unused ports, so the connection goes to one single user. For outgoing traffic I would use iptables -A FORWARD -i eth0 -d 1.2.3.4 -m state --state ESTABLISHED,RELATED -j ACCEPT

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• CSS layout problem on Firefox with filling space between end of left column and footer

  - by Jean

  Basically, the left column is supposed to extend to the footer with the continuous red color. However, in Firefox on pages with lots of text, the column does not extend to the footer and leaves a large white gap--see site: http://library.luhs.org/JHSII/about.html I've tried readjusting the heights, creating the sticky footer, and other things I've read about on this site. So I admit that I'm stumped, and what's really odd is that the layout seems to work in IE as there is no white space! I didn't create the site, but I recently inherited it and trying to work through the mess Any help is much appreciated, here's the CSS #html,body{ margin:0; padding:0; border:0; height:100%; } #body{ background:#ffffff; min-width:965px; text-align:center; width: 600px; font: Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; } #.style7{ clear:both; height:1px; overflow:hidden; line-height:1%; font-size:0px; margin-bottom:-1px; } #fullheightcontainer{ margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto; text-align:left; position:relative; width:965px; height:100%; } #wrapper{ min-height:100%; height:100%; background:#660000; background-color: #660000; background-repeat: repeat; } #wrapp\65 r{ height:auto; } # html wrapper{ height:100%; } #outer{ z-index:1; position:relative; margin-left:150px; width:815px; background:#FFFFFF; height:100%; background-color: #FFFFFF; } #left{ width:151px; float:left; display:inline; position:relative; margin-left:-150px; } padding: 20px; border: 0; margin: 0 0 0 240px *>html #left{width:150px;} #container-left{ width:150px; color: #CCCCCC; } * html #left{margin-right:-3px;} #center{ width:800px; float:right; display:inline; margin-left:-1px; } #clearheadercenter{ height:125px; overflow:hidden; } #clearfootercenter{ height:50px; overflow:hidden; } #footer{ z-index:1; position:relative; clear: both; width:965px; height:50px; overflow:hidden; margin-top:-50px; background-color: #660000; } #subfooter1{ background:#FFFFCC; text-align:left; margin-left:150px; height:50px; } #header{ z-index:1; position:absolute; top:0px; width:815px; margin-left:150px; height:100px; overflow:hidden; background-color: #660000; } #subheader1{ background:#FFFFCC; text-align:center; height:70px; } #gfx_bg_middle{ top:0px; position:absolute; height:100%; overflow:hidden; width:815px; margin-left:150px; background:#FFFFFF; } # html #gfx_bg_middle{ display:none; } #floatingnav { margin: 5px 10px 5px 5px; padding: 0px 5px 5px; float: right; font: .75em/1.35em Geneva, Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif; height: 600px; width: 300px; } #floatingnav a { color: #630; } #floatingnav ul { margin-top: -5; } #.floatright { float: right; margin: 0 0 10px 10px; border: 1px solid #666; padding: 2px; } #outer{ word-wrap:break-word; } #table.s1 { border-width: medium; border-spacing: 2px; border-style: none; border-color: rgb(85, 0, 0); border-collapse: collapse; background-color: white; } #table.s1 th { border-width: medium; padding: 2px; border-style: groove; border-color: red; background-color: white; -moz-border-radius: 0px 0px 0px 0px; } #table.s1 td { border-width: medium; padding: 2px; border-style: groove; border-color: #660000; background-color: #FFFFFF; -moz-border-radius: 0px 0px 0px 0px; } #a:link { color: #000066; } #a:visited { color: #000066; } #p.sample { font-family: serif; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: medium; line-height: 100%; word-spacing: normal; letter-spacing: normal; text-decoration: none; text-transform: none; text-align: left; text-indent: 0ex; }

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• eXist-db: can't start webstart client on a closed port, reverse proxied via apache

  - by rvdb

  I am configuring an Apache HTTP server so it reverse proxies requests starting with /app/ to an eXist-db instance running in a Tomcat server, on port 8082. This port has been closed in the firewall and is inaccessible to the outer world. Following the eXist documentation, I have following rules in place in my httpd.conf file: ProxyPass /apps/ http://localhost:8082/ ProxyPassReverse /apps/ http://localhost:8082/ ProxyPassReverseCookiePath /apps/ / All goes well for requests to e.g. 'http://mydomain/apps/exist/index.xml'. Yet, the webstart client (accessible at 'http://localhost:8082/exist/webstart/exist.jnlp' on the web server) doesn't work behind the proxy. While 'http://mydomain/apps/exist/webstart/exist.jnlp' does generate a valid exist.jnlp file, that file can't be executed. The reason seems quite obvious: apparently, the eXist-db instance generating the exist.jnlp file only sees the proxied request as: 'http://localhost:8082/exist/webstart/exist.jnlp'. Yet, since the exist.jnlp file is executed on the client, that reference is meaningless (unless the client computer happens to have an eXist-db instance running on that port). Executing the exist.jnlp file hence fails with a 'connection refused' error. Yet, there's no problem at all connecting a local eXist-db Java client to the proxied eXist instance with the URL xmldb:exist://mydomain/apps/exist/xmlrpc. The problem lies in generating the webstart exist.jnlp file, which seems to need access to a publicly accessible URL. However, opening port 8082 and replacing the Proxy references to 'http://localhost:8082' with 'http://mydomain:8082' IMO rather destroys the point of reverse proxying. Do others have had success reverse proxying eXist-db on a closed port behind Apache? Are there perhaps some Proxy configuration settings I have overlooked (I'm no expert at all) that can make eXist see the original request instead of the proxied one? Kind regards, Ron

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• Exclude list of specific files in wget

  - by nanker

  I am trying to download a lot of pages from a website on dial-up and it can be brutally slow. I have almost got the perfect wget command, but because I'm downloading pages from the same site wget wastes times downloading the same standard images for each page. If I know the name of the default page images, is there any way to have wget ignore and thus avoid downloading those for each and every page? Here is an example of one of the wget commands that my shell script generates into another shell script to download all of the pages: mkdir candy-canes-on-the-flannel-board-in-preschool cd candy-canes-on-the-flannel-board-in-preschool wget -p -nd -A jpg,html -k http://www.teachpreschool.org/2011/12/candy-canes-on-the-flannel-board-in-preschool/ wget -c --random-wait --timeout=30 --user-agent="Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.3) Gecko/2008092416 Firefox/3.0.3" http://www.teachpreschool.org/2011/12/candy-canes-on-the-flannel-board-in-preschool/ -O "candy-canes-on-the-flannel-board-in-preschool" rm Baby-and-Toddler.jpg Childrens-Books.jpg Creative-Art.jpg Felt-Fun.jpg Happy_Rainbow-e1338766526528.jpg index.html Language-and-Literacy.jpg Light-table-Button.jpg Math.jpg Outdoor-Play.jpg outer-jacket1-300x153.jpg preschoolspot-button-small.jpg robots.txt Science-and-Nature.jpg Signature-2.jpg Story-Telling.jpg Tags-on-Preschool.jpg Teaching-Two-and-Three-Year-olds.jpg cd ../ Now I realize the script is not likely as savvy as it could be but it is doing what I need at the moment except that you can see from the rm command that I would just like to prevent wget from downloading the files in the first place if possible. I almost forgot to mention, there are two wget commands and that is because the first one downloads the page as index.html and for some reason it does not open in my browser, however, when I open it and look at it in vim all of the page's content is there, so I am not sure why it does not open. But if I just issue the second wget command as it is then that page, same file really with an alternate name, opens up fine. Something that if I could fix would also help to streamline the process.

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• XenServer VMs can't reach network

  - by toto

  I'm currently trying to setup a small cloud architecture , I'm using in the installation CloudStack 2.2.14 which need two node : a management server (as node1) to provision the cloud and a hyperviser XenServer 5.6 SP2 to host the VMs (as node2). I succeded to create both node1 and node2 into an ESXi 5 VMWare as VMs. So The ESXi 5 is hosting two VMs node1 + node2 , and node2 which is the XenServer will host also VMs (such as ubuntu or Centos). Both node1 and node2 can ping each other and can get the internet connection from Esxi5 ,but My problem is : that VMs into the node2(XenServer) can't reach the network (can't ping node1 or Esxi or get an internet connection but they can ping VMs IN the node2(XenServer). So I tried to: 1-Setup a DHCP server as node3 in ESXi5 and connect node2(Xenserver) to him , but always the VMs into to node2 can't reach the outer network. 2-Setup a DCHP server into node2 , but always the same problem. So , 1-is there any other configuration i'm missing in node2 (considering that I'm sure about DNS , GW , NETMASK configuration)?. 2-Is it the problem because i'm Creating VMs into node2(XenSever) which is a VM into ESXi 5 ?

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• Tools for displaying a multidimensional data table?

  - by ShreevatsaR

  [Apologies if this sort of question is off-topic for SuperUser. Please redirect to the right place if so.] There is a 3-dimensional array of values. (That is, instead of a table/2-dimensional array with values in a grid, the values can be thought of in a cube instead.) Is there a way to display this "cube" interactively, ideally on a webpage? Specifically, given the data, it would work something like this: the user selects two of the 3 variables. He then sees a "stack" of tables, one for each value of the third variable (cross-sections, in other words). By selecting the appropriate table from the stack, he can see the (i,j,k) value he wants. The "technology" for displaying such a thing (stacked tables, rotation, etc.) already exists, so this seems the sort of thing that someone ought to have written already. To be clear: I don't need sophisticated graphics necessarily, just the ability to select from cross-sections of variables. But I have no experience with (say, for displaying on a webpage) what web gadgets exist, so I'm clueless how to even search for one. (Google searches like "multidimensional data visualization" didn't throw up anything useful. Google Spreadsheets can do a few kinds of charts which can be embedded on a webpage, but I cannot tell if this is one of them.) [I can imagine how it ought to work for higher dimensions. For four-dimensions, instead of selecting just a stack, you'd first select an (i,j) from an "outer table", which would show all (k,l) values for that (i,j). For higher dimensions, inductively: you select (i,j), and then repeat what you'd do with 2 fewer dimensions.] So has this been written? Is this easy to write? Where ought one to look for such a thing?

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• Multidimensional data table?

  - by ShreevatsaR

  [Apologies if this sort of question is off-topic for SuperUser. Please redirect to the right place if so.] There is a 3-dimensional array of values. (That is, instead of a table/2-dimensional array with values in a grid, the values can be thought of in a cube instead.) Is there a way to display this "cube" interactively, ideally on a webpage? Specifically, given the data, it would work something like this: the user selects two of the 3 variables. He then sees a "stack" of tables, one for each value of the third variable (cross-sections, in other words). By selecting the appropriate table from the stack, he can see the (i,j,k) value he wants. The "technology" for displaying such a thing (stacked tables, rotation, etc.) already exists, so this seems the sort of thing that someone ought to have written already. To be clear: I don't need sophisticated graphics necessarily, just the ability to select from cross-sections of variables. But I have no experience with (say, for displaying on a webpage) what web gadgets exist, so I'm clueless how to even search for one. (Google searches like "multidimensional data visualization" didn't throw up anything useful. Google Spreadsheets can do a few kinds of charts which can be embedded on a webpage, but I cannot tell if this is one of them.) [I can imagine how it ought to work for higher dimensions. For four-dimensions, instead of selecting just a stack, you'd first select an (i,j) from an "outer table", which would show all (k,l) values for that (i,j). For higher dimensions, inductively: you select (i,j), and then repeat what you'd do with 2 fewer dimensions.] So has this been written? Is this easy to write? Where ought one to look for such a thing?

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• Erratic WiFi 2.4 GHz channel spikes, what gives?

  - by Francis W. Usher

  Sorry guys, first a gripe about my neighbor's WiFi access point (it is related): they totally hog the center nine 2.4 GHz channels (3-11), centered right at 7! I know the outer regions of the signal don't make as much of a difference, and technically they're running channels 5 & 9. Anyway, their signal is clearly interfering with mine, which is necessarily centered at 3 or 11 to evade their interference. I guess it's somewhat a case of access point envy: they happen to have both a stronger signal and a higher data rate, while occupying twice the band width that I do. Getting to the point, I've noticed that they tend to sit nice and pretty centered at 7, but they definitely auto-select their channel, and I've noticed that the auto-selection algorithm tends to shift towards the higher channels; hence I decided to pick channel 3, and I don't get so many intermittent lag spikes any more. Anyway, the thing that weirded me out was the reason they have to auto-select sometimes: unexplained, powerful (talking order of 0dB here), giant spikes of 2.4 GHz activity in consistent regions of the spectrum. I don't think it's just noise, since my wireless monitoring software is registering a MAC address, a manufacturer, and usually a fairly coherent ascii name... and it seems to be a fairly well-confined signal. But these signals are fairly common, and they do some weird stuff to my signal. So my question is what are these signals? Where are they coming from? Where are they going? Why are they so ridiculously strong? Why don't they ever last very long? Here's an inSSIDer screenshot I took, for your perusal. I am labeled with "me", my greedy neighbor labeled with "neighbor", and the 2 quasar signals are labeled with "WTF?".

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• LXC, Port forwarding and iptables

  - by Roberto Aloi

  I have a LXC container (10.0.3.2) running on a host. A service is running inside the container on port 7000. From the host (10.0.3.1, lxcbr0), I can reach the service: $ telnet 10.0.3.2 7000 Trying 10.0.3.2... Connected to 10.0.3.2. Escape character is '^]'. I'd love to make the service running inside the container accessible to the outer world. Therefore, I want to forward port 7002 on the host to port 7000 on the container: iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 7002 -j DNAT --to 10.0.3.2:7000 Which results in (iptables -t nat -L): DNAT tcp -- anywhere anywhere tcp dpt:afs3-prserver to:10.0.3.2:7000 Still, I cannot access the service from the host using the forwarded port: $ telnet 10.0.3.1 7002 Trying 10.0.3.1... telnet: Unable to connect to remote host: Connection refused I feel like I'm missing something stupid here. What things should I check? What's a good strategy to debug these situations? For completeness, here is how iptables are set on the host: iptables -F iptables -F -t nat iptables -F -t mangle iptables -X iptables -P INPUT DROP iptables -P FORWARD ACCEPT iptables -P OUTPUT ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -p icmp --icmp-type echo-request -j ACCEPT iptables -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o eth0 -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -o lxcbr0 -j MASQUERADE iptables -t nat -A PREROUTING -p tcp --dport 7002 -j DNAT --to 10.0.3.2:7000

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• Determining physical location of data on a disc

  - by Synetech

  Does anybody know of a way to find out where, physically on a CD or DVD a given piece of data would be located? I am trying to watch a DVD at the moment, and am about half-way through, but it keeps dying at a specific spot in the film, presumably because of a scratch. I have a repair kit, but I don’t know where to focus my repair because there are several scuffs and scratches on the disc and I have no way of knowing which one is causing the issue. Obviously, cleaning all of them is inadvisable because not only does it waste the consumable materials in the kit, but not all of them are a problem, and by working them, some may become unreadable. Moreover, just because I am half-way through the movie does not mean that it would be half-way from the hub to the edge for several reasons: Discs have more data towards the outer edge than the inner edge (circles are more mathematically complicated than rectangles) The disc is not completely filled up (and even if it were, the movie itself would be be using it all, there are extras and such) Because in this particular case it is a commercial DVD, it is also dual-layer which further complicates manual determination As such, I am trying to find a program that can let me identify a file (or part thereof), cluster, etc. and show me a picture of where on the CD/DVD it would be located. That way, I can look at the disc and fix any scratches that correspond to that distance from the hub. For example, the image below might indicate where on a disc a couple of files or range of clusters would be located, so by looking for anomalies in those areas (rotating as necessary), the correct one can be identified. I’m sure it can be done since at least one form of copy protection (DPM) uses it and DVD-lab Pro includes a “DVD Topology” feature to do this.

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• What's New in ASP.NET 4

  - by Navaneeth

  The .NET Framework version 4 includes enhancements for ASP.NET 4 in targeted areas. Visual Studio 2010 and Microsoft Visual Web Developer Express also include enhancements and new features for improved Web development. This document provides an overview of many of the new features that are included in the upcoming release. This topic contains the following sections: ASP.NET Core Services ASP.NET Web Forms ASP.NET MVC Dynamic Data ASP.NET Chart Control Visual Web Developer Enhancements Web Application Deployment with Visual Studio 2010 Enhancements to ASP.NET Multi-Targeting ASP.NET Core Services ASP.NET 4 introduces many features that improve core ASP.NET services such as output caching and session state storage. Extensible Output Caching Since the time that ASP.NET 1.0 was released, output caching has enabled developers to store the generated output of pages, controls, and HTTP responses in memory. On subsequent Web requests, ASP.NET can serve content more quickly by retrieving the generated output from memory instead of regenerating the output from scratch. However, this approach has a limitation — generated content always has to be stored in memory. On servers that experience heavy traffic, the memory requirements for output caching can compete with memory requirements for other parts of a Web application. ASP.NET 4 adds extensibility to output caching that enables you to configure one or more custom output-cache providers. Output-cache providers can use any storage mechanism to persist HTML content. These storage options can include local or remote disks, cloud storage, and distributed cache engines. Output-cache provider extensibility in ASP.NET 4 lets you design more aggressive and more intelligent output-caching strategies for Web sites. For example, you can create an output-cache provider that caches the "Top 10" pages of a site in memory, while caching pages that get lower traffic on disk. Alternatively, you can cache every vary-by combination for a rendered page, but use a distributed cache so that the memory consumption is offloaded from front-end Web servers. You create a custom output-cache provider as a class that derives from the OutputCacheProvider type. You can then configure the provider in the Web.config file by using the new providers subsection of the outputCache element For more information and for examples that show how to configure the output cache, see outputCache Element for caching (ASP.NET Settings Schema). For more information about the classes that support caching, see the documentation for the OutputCache and OutputCacheProvider classes. By default, in ASP.NET 4, all HTTP responses, rendered pages, and controls use the in-memory output cache. The defaultProvider attribute for ASP.NET is AspNetInternalProvider. You can change the default output-cache provider used for a Web application by specifying a different provider name for defaultProvider attribute. In addition, you can select different output-cache providers for individual control and for individual requests and programmatically specify which provider to use. For more information, see the HttpApplication.GetOutputCacheProviderName(HttpContext) method. The easiest way to choose a different output-cache provider for different Web user controls is to do so declaratively by using the new providerName attribute in a page or control directive, as shown in the following example: <%@ OutputCache Duration="60" VaryByParam="None" providerName="DiskCache" %> Preloading Web Applications Some Web applications must load large amounts of data or must perform expensive initialization processing before serving the first request. In earlier versions of ASP.NET, for these situations you had to devise custom approaches to "wake up" an ASP.NET application and then run initialization code during the Application_Load method in the Global.asax file. To address this scenario, a new application preload manager (autostart feature) is available when ASP.NET 4 runs on IIS 7.5 on Windows Server 2008 R2. The preload feature provides a controlled approach for starting up an application pool, initializing an ASP.NET application, and then accepting HTTP requests. It lets you perform expensive application initialization prior to processing the first HTTP request. For example, you can use the application preload manager to initialize an application and then signal a load-balancer that the application was initialized and ready to accept HTTP traffic. To use the application preload manager, an IIS administrator sets an application pool in IIS 7.5 to be automatically started by using the following configuration in the applicationHost.config file: <applicationPools> <add name="MyApplicationPool" startMode="AlwaysRunning" /> </applicationPools> Because a single application pool can contain multiple applications, you specify individual applications to be automatically started by using the following configuration in the applicationHost.config file: <sites> <site name="MySite" id="1"> <application path="/" serviceAutoStartEnabled="true" serviceAutoStartProvider="PrewarmMyCache" > <!-- Additional content --> </application> </site> </sites> <!-- Additional content --> <serviceAutoStartProviders> <add name="PrewarmMyCache" type="MyNamespace.CustomInitialization, MyLibrary" /> </serviceAutoStartProviders> When an IIS 7.5 server is cold-started or when an individual application pool is recycled, IIS 7.5 uses the information in the applicationHost.config file to determine which Web applications have to be automatically started. For each application that is marked for preload, IIS7.5 sends a request to ASP.NET 4 to start the application in a state during which the application temporarily does not accept HTTP requests. When it is in this state, ASP.NET instantiates the type defined by the serviceAutoStartProvider attribute (as shown in the previous example) and calls into its public entry point. You create a managed preload type that has the required entry point by implementing the IProcessHostPreloadClient interface, as shown in the following example: public class CustomInitialization : System.Web.Hosting.IProcessHostPreloadClient { public void Preload(string[] parameters) { // Perform initialization. } } After your initialization code runs in the Preload method and after the method returns, the ASP.NET application is ready to process requests. Permanently Redirecting a Page Content in Web applications is often moved over the lifetime of the application. This can lead to links to be out of date, such as the links that are returned by search engines. In ASP.NET, developers have traditionally handled requests to old URLs by using the Redirect method to forward a request to the new URL. However, the Redirect method issues an HTTP 302 (Found) response (which is used for a temporary redirect). This results in an extra HTTP round trip. ASP.NET 4 adds a RedirectPermanent helper method that makes it easy to issue HTTP 301 (Moved Permanently) responses, as in the following example: RedirectPermanent("/newpath/foroldcontent.aspx"); Search engines and other user agents that recognize permanent redirects will store the new URL that is associated with the content, which eliminates the unnecessary round trip made by the browser for temporary redirects. Session State Compression By default, ASP.NET provides two options for storing session state across a Web farm. The first option is a session state provider that invokes an out-of-process session state server. The second option is a session state provider that stores data in a Microsoft SQL Server database. Because both options store state information outside a Web application's worker process, session state has to be serialized before it is sent to remote storage. If a large amount of data is saved in session state, the size of the serialized data can become very large. ASP.NET 4 introduces a new compression option for both kinds of out-of-process session state providers. By using this option, applications that have spare CPU cycles on Web servers can achieve substantial reductions in the size of serialized session state data. You can set this option using the new compressionEnabled attribute of the sessionState element in the configuration file. When the compressionEnabled configuration option is set to true, ASP.NET compresses (and decompresses) serialized session state by using the .NET Framework GZipStreamclass. The following example shows how to set this attribute. <sessionState mode="SqlServer" sqlConnectionString="data source=dbserver;Initial Catalog=aspnetstate" allowCustomSqlDatabase="true" compressionEnabled="true" /> ASP.NET Web Forms Web Forms has been a core feature in ASP.NET since the release of ASP.NET 1.0. Many enhancements have been in this area for ASP.NET 4, such as the following: The ability to set meta tags. More control over view state. Support for recently introduced browsers and devices. Easier ways to work with browser capabilities. Support for using ASP.NET routing with Web Forms. More control over generated IDs. The ability to persist selected rows in data controls. More control over rendered HTML in the FormView and ListView controls. Filtering support for data source controls. Enhanced support for Web standards and accessibility Setting Meta Tags with the Page.MetaKeywords and Page.MetaDescription Properties Two properties have been added to the Page class: MetaKeywords and MetaDescription. These two properties represent corresponding meta tags in the HTML rendered for a page, as shown in the following example: <head id="Head1" runat="server"> <title>Untitled Page</title> <meta name="keywords" content="keyword1, keyword2' /> <meta name="description" content="Description of my page" /> </head> These two properties work like the Title property does, and they can be set in the @ Page directive. For more information, see Page.MetaKeywords and Page.MetaDescription. Enabling View State for Individual Controls A new property has been added to the Control class: ViewStateMode. You can use this property to disable view state for all controls on a page except those for which you explicitly enable view state. View state data is included in a page's HTML and increases the amount of time it takes to send a page to the client and post it back. Storing more view state than is necessary can cause significant decrease in performance. In earlier versions of ASP.NET, you could reduce the impact of view state on a page's performance by disabling view state for specific controls. But sometimes it is easier to enable view state for a few controls that need it instead of disabling it for many that do not need it. For more information, see Control.ViewStateMode. Support for Recently Introduced Browsers and Devices ASP.NET includes a feature that is named browser capabilities that lets you determine the capabilities of the browser that a user is using. Browser capabilities are represented by the HttpBrowserCapabilities object which is stored in the HttpRequest.Browser property. Information about a particular browser's capabilities is defined by a browser definition file. In ASP.NET 4, these browser definition files have been updated to contain information about recently introduced browsers and devices such as Google Chrome, Research in Motion BlackBerry smart phones, and Apple iPhone. Existing browser definition files have also been updated. For more information, see How to: Upgrade an ASP.NET Web Application to ASP.NET 4 and ASP.NET Web Server Controls and Browser Capabilities. The browser definition files that are included with ASP.NET 4 are shown in the following list: •blackberry.browser •chrome.browser •Default.browser •firefox.browser •gateway.browser •generic.browser •ie.browser •iemobile.browser •iphone.browser •opera.browser •safari.browser A New Way to Define Browser Capabilities ASP.NET 4 includes a new feature referred to as browser capabilities providers. As the name suggests, this lets you build a provider that in turn lets you write custom code to determine browser capabilities. In ASP.NET version 3.5 Service Pack 1, you define browser capabilities in an XML file. This file resides in a machine-level folder or an application-level folder. Most developers do not need to customize these files, but for those who do, the provider approach can be easier than dealing with complex XML syntax. The provider approach makes it possible to simplify the process by implementing a common browser definition syntax, or a database that contains up-to-date browser definitions, or even a Web service for such a database. For more information about the new browser capabilities provider, see the What's New for ASP.NET 4 White Paper. Routing in ASP.NET 4 ASP.NET 4 adds built-in support for routing with Web Forms. Routing is a feature that was introduced with ASP.NET 3.5 SP1 and lets you configure an application to use URLs that are meaningful to users and to search engines because they do not have to specify physical file names. This can make your site more user-friendly and your site content more discoverable by search engines. For example, the URL for a page that displays product categories in your application might look like the following example: http://website/products.aspx?categoryid=12 By using routing, you can use the following URL to render the same information: http://website/products/software The second URL lets the user know what to expect and can result in significantly improved rankings in search engine results. the new features include the following: The PageRouteHandler class is a simple HTTP handler that you use when you define routes. You no longer have to write a custom route handler. The HttpRequest.RequestContext and Page.RouteData properties make it easier to access information that is passed in URL parameters. The RouteUrl expression provides a simple way to create a routed URL in markup. The RouteValue expression provides a simple way to extract URL parameter values in markup. The RouteParameter class makes it easier to pass URL parameter values to a query for a data source control (similar to FormParameter). You no longer have to change the Web.config file to enable routing. For more information about routing, see the following topics: ASP.NET Routing Walkthrough: Using ASP.NET Routing in a Web Forms Application How to: Define Routes for Web Forms Applications How to: Construct URLs from Routes How to: Access URL Parameters in a Routed Page Setting Client IDs The new ClientIDMode property makes it easier to write client script that references HTML elements rendered for server controls. Increasing use of Microsoft Ajax makes the need to do this more common. For example, you may have a data control that renders a long list of products with prices and you want to use client script to make a Web service call and update individual prices in the list as they change without refreshing the entire page. Typically you get a reference to an HTML element in client script by using the document.GetElementById method. You pass to this method the value of the id attribute of the HTML element you want to reference. In the case of elements that are rendered for ASP.NET server controls earlier versions of ASP.NET could make this difficult or impossible. You were not always able to predict what id values ASP.NET would generate, or ASP.NET could generate very long id values. The problem was especially difficult for data controls that would generate multiple rows for a single instance of the control in your markup. ASP.NET 4 adds two new algorithms for generating id attributes. These algorithms can generate id attributes that are easier to work with in client script because they are more predictable and that are easier to work with because they are simpler. For more information about how to use the new algorithms, see the following topics: ASP.NET Web Server Control Identification Walkthrough: Making Data-Bound Controls Easier to Access from JavaScript Walkthrough: Making Controls Located in Web User Controls Easier to Access from JavaScript How to: Access Controls from JavaScript by ID Persisting Row Selection in Data Controls The GridView and ListView controls enable users to select a row. In previous versions of ASP.NET, row selection was based on the row index on the page. For example, if you select the third item on page 1 and then move to page 2, the third item on page 2 is selected. In most cases, is more desirable not to select any rows on page 2. ASP.NET 4 supports Persisted Selection, a new feature that was initially supported only in Dynamic Data projects in the .NET Framework 3.5 SP1. When this feature is enabled, the selected item is based on the row data key. This means that if you select the third row on page 1 and move to page 2, nothing is selected on page 2. When you move back to page 1, the third row is still selected. This is a much more natural behavior than the behavior in earlier versions of ASP.NET. Persisted selection is now supported for the GridView and ListView controls in all projects. You can enable this feature in the GridView control, for example, by setting the EnablePersistedSelection property, as shown in the following example: <asp:GridView id="GridView2" runat="server" PersistedSelection="true"> </asp:GridView> FormView Control Enhancements The FormView control is enhanced to make it easier to style the content of the control with CSS. In previous versions of ASP.NET, the FormView control rendered it contents using an item template. This made styling more difficult in the markup because unexpected table row and table cell tags were rendered by the control. The FormView control supports RenderOuterTable, a property in ASP.NET 4. When this property is set to false, as show in the following example, the table tags are not rendered. This makes it easier to apply CSS style to the contents of the control. <asp:FormView ID="FormView1" runat="server" RenderTable="false"> For more information, see FormView Web Server Control Overview. ListView Control Enhancements The ListView control, which was introduced in ASP.NET 3.5, has all the functionality of the GridView control while giving you complete control over the output. This control has been made easier to use in ASP.NET 4. The earlier version of the control required that you specify a layout template that contained a server control with a known ID. The following markup shows a typical example of how to use the ListView control in ASP.NET 3.5. <asp:ListView ID="ListView1" runat="server"> <LayoutTemplate> <asp:PlaceHolder ID="ItemPlaceHolder" runat="server"></asp:PlaceHolder> </LayoutTemplate> <ItemTemplate> <% Eval("LastName")%> </ItemTemplate> </asp:ListView> In ASP.NET 4, the ListView control does not require a layout template. The markup shown in the previous example can be replaced with the following markup: <asp:ListView ID="ListView1" runat="server"> <ItemTemplate> <% Eval("LastName")%> </ItemTemplate> </asp:ListView> For more information, see ListView Web Server Control Overview. Filtering Data with the QueryExtender Control A very common task for developers who create data-driven Web pages is to filter data. This traditionally has been performed by building Where clauses in data source controls. This approach can be complicated, and in some cases the Where syntax does not let you take advantage of the full functionality of the underlying database. To make filtering easier, a new QueryExtender control has been added in ASP.NET 4. This control can be added to EntityDataSource or LinqDataSource controls in order to filter the data returned by these controls. Because the QueryExtender control relies on LINQ, but you do not to need to know how to write LINQ queries to use the query extender. The QueryExtender control supports a variety of filter options. The following lists QueryExtender filter options. Term Definition SearchExpression Searches a field or fields for string values and compares them to a specified string value. RangeExpression Searches a field or fields for values in a range specified by a pair of values. PropertyExpression Compares a specified value to a property value in a field. If the expression evaluates to true, the data that is being examined is returned. OrderByExpression Sorts data by a specified column and sort direction. CustomExpression Calls a function that defines custom filter in the page. For more information, see QueryExtenderQueryExtender Web Server Control Overview. Enhanced Support for Web Standards and Accessibility Earlier versions of ASP.NET controls sometimes render markup that does not conform to HTML, XHTML, or accessibility standards. ASP.NET 4 eliminates most of these exceptions. For details about how the HTML that is rendered by each control meets accessibility standards, see ASP.NET Controls and Accessibility. CSS for Controls that Can be Disabled In ASP.NET 3.5, when a control is disabled (see WebControl.Enabled), a disabled attribute is added to the rendered HTML element. For example, the following markup creates a Label control that is disabled: <asp:Label id="Label1" runat="server"   Text="Test" Enabled="false" /> In ASP.NET 3.5, the previous control settings generate the following HTML: <span id="Label1" disabled="disabled">Test</span> In HTML 4.01, the disabled attribute is not considered valid on span elements. It is valid only on input elements because it specifies that they cannot be accessed. On display-only elements such as span elements, browsers typically support rendering for a disabled appearance, but a Web page that relies on this non-standard behavior is not robust according to accessibility standards. For display-only elements, you should use CSS to indicate a disabled visual appearance. Therefore, by default ASP.NET 4 generates the following HTML for the control settings shown previously: <span id="Label1" class="aspNetDisabled">Test</span> You can change the value of the class attribute that is rendered by default when a control is disabled by setting the DisabledCssClass property. CSS for Validation Controls In ASP.NET 3.5, validation controls render a default color of red as an inline style. For example, the following markup creates a RequiredFieldValidator control: <asp:RequiredFieldValidator ID="RequiredFieldValidator1" runat="server"   ErrorMessage="Required Field" ControlToValidate="RadioButtonList1" /> ASP.NET 3.5 renders the following HTML for the validator control: <span id="RequiredFieldValidator1"   style="color:Red;visibility:hidden;">RequiredFieldValidator</span> By default, ASP.NET 4 does not render an inline style to set the color to red. An inline style is used only to hide or show the validator, as shown in the following example: <span id="RequiredFieldValidator1"   style"visibility:hidden;">RequiredFieldValidator</span> Therefore, ASP.NET 4 does not automatically show error messages in red. For information about how to use CSS to specify a visual style for a validation control, see Validating User Input in ASP.NET Web Pages. CSS for the Hidden Fields Div Element ASP.NET uses hidden fields to store state information such as view state and control state. These hidden fields are contained by a div element. In ASP.NET 3.5, this div element does not have a class attribute or an id attribute. Therefore, CSS rules that affect all div elements could unintentionally cause this div to be visible. To avoid this problem, ASP.NET 4 renders the div element for hidden fields with a CSS class that you can use to differentiate the hidden fields div from others. The new classvalue is shown in the following example: <div class="aspNetHidden"> CSS for the Table, Image, and ImageButton Controls By default, in ASP.NET 3.5, some controls set the border attribute of rendered HTML to zero (0). The following example shows HTML that is generated by the Table control in ASP.NET 3.5: <table id="Table2" border="0"> The Image control and the ImageButton control also do this. Because this is not necessary and provides visual formatting information that should be provided by using CSS, the attribute is not generated in ASP.NET 4. CSS for the UpdatePanel and UpdateProgress Controls In ASP.NET 3.5, the UpdatePanel and UpdateProgress controls do not support expando attributes. This makes it impossible to set a CSS class on the HTMLelements that they render. In ASP.NET 4 these controls have been changed to accept expando attributes, as shown in the following example: <asp:UpdatePanel runat="server" class="myStyle"> </asp:UpdatePanel> The following HTML is rendered for this markup: <div id="ctl00_MainContent_UpdatePanel1" class="expandoclass"> </div> Eliminating Unnecessary Outer Tables In ASP.NET 3.5, the HTML that is rendered for the following controls is wrapped in a table element whose purpose is to apply inline styles to the entire control: FormView Login PasswordRecovery ChangePassword If you use templates to customize the appearance of these controls, you can specify CSS styles in the markup that you provide in the templates. In that case, no extra outer table is required. In ASP.NET 4, you can prevent the table from being rendered by setting the new RenderOuterTable property to false. Layout Templates for Wizard Controls In ASP.NET 3.5, the Wizard and CreateUserWizard controls generate an HTML table element that is used for visual formatting. In ASP.NET 4 you can use a LayoutTemplate element to specify the layout. If you do this, the HTML table element is not generated. In the template, you create placeholder controls to indicate where items should be dynamically inserted into the control. (This is similar to how the template model for the ListView control works.) For more information, see the Wizard.LayoutTemplate property. New HTML Formatting Options for the CheckBoxList and RadioButtonList Controls ASP.NET 3.5 uses HTML table elements to format the output for the CheckBoxList and RadioButtonList controls. To provide an alternative that does not use tables for visual formatting, ASP.NET 4 adds two new options to the RepeatLayout enumeration: UnorderedList. This option causes the HTML output to be formatted by using ul and li elements instead of a table. OrderedList. This option causes the HTML output to be formatted by using ol and li elements instead of a table. For examples of HTML that is rendered for the new options, see the RepeatLayout enumeration. Header and Footer Elements for the Table Control In ASP.NET 3.5, the Table control can be configured to render thead and tfoot elements by setting the TableSection property of the TableHeaderRow class and the TableFooterRow class. In ASP.NET 4 these properties are set to the appropriate values by default. CSS and ARIA Support for the Menu Control In ASP.NET 3.5, the Menu control uses HTML table elements for visual formatting, and in some configurations it is not keyboard-accessible. ASP.NET 4 addresses these problems and improves accessibility in the following ways: The generated HTML is structured as an unordered list (ul and li elements). CSS is used for visual formatting. The menu behaves in accordance with ARIA standards for keyboard access. You can use arrow keys to navigate menu items. (For information about ARIA, see Accessibility in Visual Studio and ASP.NET.) ARIA role and property attributes are added to the generated HTML. (Attributes are added by using JavaScript instead of included in the HTML, to avoid generating HTML that would cause markup validation errors.) Styles for the Menu control are rendered in a style block at the top of the page, instead of inline with the rendered HTML elements. If you want to use a separate CSS file so that you can modify the menu styles, you can set the Menu control's new IncludeStyleBlock property to false, in which case the style block is not generated. Valid XHTML for the HtmlForm Control In ASP.NET 3.5, the HtmlForm control (which is created implicitly by the <form runat="server"> tag) renders an HTML form element that has both name and id attributes. The name attribute is deprecated in XHTML 1.1. Therefore, this control does not render the name attribute in ASP.NET 4. Maintaining Backward Compatibility in Control Rendering An existing ASP.NET Web site might have code in it that assumes that controls are rendering HTML the way they do in ASP.NET 3.5. To avoid causing backward compatibility problems when you upgrade the site to ASP.NET 4, you can have ASP.NET continue to generate HTML the way it does in ASP.NET 3.5 after you upgrade the site. To do so, you can set the controlRenderingCompatibilityVersion attribute of the pages element to "3.5" in the Web.config file of an ASP.NET 4 Web site, as shown in the following example: <system.web>   <pages controlRenderingCompatibilityVersion="3.5"/> </system.web> If this setting is omitted, the default value is the same as the version of ASP.NET that the Web site targets. (For information about multi-targeting in ASP.NET, see .NET Framework Multi-Targeting for ASP.NET Web Projects.) ASP.NET MVC ASP.NET MVC helps Web developers build compelling standards-based Web sites that are easy to maintain because it decreases the dependency among application layers by using the Model-View-Controller (MVC) pattern. MVC provides complete control over the page markup. It also improves testability by inherently supporting Test Driven Development (TDD). Web sites created using ASP.NET MVC have a modular architecture. This allows members of a team to work independently on the various modules and can be used to improve collaboration. For example, developers can work on the model and controller layers (data and logic), while the designer work on the view (presentation). For tutorials, walkthroughs, conceptual content, code samples, and a complete API reference, see ASP.NET MVC 2. Dynamic Data Dynamic Data was introduced in the .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 release in mid-2008. This feature provides many enhancements for creating data-driven applications, such as the following: A RAD experience for quickly building a data-driven Web site. Automatic validation that is based on constraints defined in the data model. The ability to easily change the markup that is generated for fields in the GridView and DetailsView controls by using field templates that are part of your Dynamic Data project. For ASP.NET 4, Dynamic Data has been enhanced to give developers even more power for quickly building data-driven Web sites. For more information, see ASP.NET Dynamic Data Content Map. Enabling Dynamic Data for Individual Data-Bound Controls in Existing Web Applications You can use Dynamic Data features in existing ASP.NET Web applications that do not use scaffolding by enabling Dynamic Data for individual data-bound controls. Dynamic Data provides the presentation and data layer support for rendering these controls. When you enable Dynamic Data for data-bound controls, you get the following benefits: Setting default values for data fields. Dynamic Data enables you to provide default values at run time for fields in a data control. Interacting with the database without creating and registering a data model. Automatically validating the data that is entered by the user without writing any code. For more information, see Walkthrough: Enabling Dynamic Data in ASP.NET Data-Bound Controls. New Field Templates for URLs and E-mail Addresses ASP.NET 4 introduces two new built-in field templates, EmailAddress.ascx and Url.ascx. These templates are used for fields that are marked as EmailAddress or Url using the DataTypeAttribute attribute. For EmailAddress objects, the field is displayed as a hyperlink that is created by using the mailto: protocol. When users click the link, it opens the user's e-mail client and creates a skeleton message. Objects typed as Url are displayed as ordinary hyperlinks. The following example shows how to mark fields. [DataType(DataType.EmailAddress)] public object HomeEmail { get; set; } [DataType(DataType.Url)] public object Website { get; set; } Creating Links with the DynamicHyperLink Control Dynamic Data uses the new routing feature that was added in the .NET Framework 3.5 SP1 to control the URLs that users see when they access the Web site. The new DynamicHyperLink control makes it easy to build links to pages in a Dynamic Data site. For information, see How to: Create Table Action Links in Dynamic Data Support for Inheritance in the Data Model Both the ADO.NET Entity Framework and LINQ to SQL support inheritance in their data models. An example of this might be a database that has an InsurancePolicy table. It might also contain CarPolicy and HousePolicy tables that have the same fields as InsurancePolicy and then add more fields. Dynamic Data has been modified to understand inherited objects in the data model and to support scaffolding for the inherited tables. For more information, see Walkthrough: Mapping Table-per-Hierarchy Inheritance in Dynamic Data. Support for Many-to-Many Relationships (Entity Framework Only) The Entity Framework has rich support for many-to-many relationships between tables, which is implemented by exposing the relationship as a collection on an Entity object. New field templates (ManyToMany.ascx and ManyToMany_Edit.ascx) have been added to provide support for displaying and editing data that is involved in many-to-many relationships. For more information, see Working with Many-to-Many Data Relationships in Dynamic Data. New Attributes to Control Display and Support Enumerations The DisplayAttribute has been added to give you additional control over how fields are displayed. The DisplayNameAttribute attribute in earlier versions of Dynamic Data enabled you to change the name that is used as a caption for a field. The new DisplayAttribute class lets you specify more options for displaying a field, such as the order in which a field is displayed and whether a field will be used as a filter. The attribute also provides independent control of the name that is used for the labels in a GridView control, the name that is used in a DetailsView control, the help text for the field, and the watermark used for the field (if the field accepts text input). The EnumDataTypeAttribute class has been added to let you map fields to enumerations. When you apply this attribute to a field, you specify an enumeration type. Dynamic Data uses the new Enumeration.ascx field template to create UI for displaying and editing enumeration values. The template maps the values from the database to the names in the enumeration. Enhanced Support for Filters Dynamic Data 1.0 had built-in filters for Boolean columns and foreign-key columns. The filters did not let you specify the order in which they were displayed. The new DisplayAttribute attribute addresses this by giving you control over whether a column appears as a filter and in what order it will be displayed. An additional enhancement is that filtering support has been rewritten to use the new QueryExtender feature of Web Forms. This lets you create filters without requiring knowledge of the data source control that the filters will be used with. Along with these extensions, filters have also been turned into template controls, which lets you add new ones. Finally, the DisplayAttribute class mentioned earlier allows the default filter to be overridden, in the same way that UIHint allows the default field template for a column to be overridden. For more information, see Walkthrough: Filtering Rows in Tables That Have a Parent-Child Relationship and QueryableFilterRepeater. ASP.NET Chart Control The ASP.NET chart server control enables you to create ASP.NET pages applications that have simple, intuitive charts for complex statistical or financial analysis. The chart control supports the following features: Data series, chart areas, axes, legends, labels, titles, and more. Data binding. Data manipulation, such as copying, splitting, merging, alignment, grouping, sorting, searching, and filtering. Statistical formulas and financial formulas. Advanced chart appearance, such as 3-D, anti-aliasing, lighting, and perspective. Events and customizations. Interactivity and Microsoft Ajax. Support for the Ajax Content Delivery Network (CDN), which provides an optimized way for you to add Microsoft Ajax Library and jQuery scripts to your Web applications. For more information, see Chart Web Server Control Overview. Visual Web Developer Enhancements The following sections provide information about enhancements and new features in Visual Studio 2010 and Visual Web Developer Express. The Web page designer in Visual Studio 2010 has been enhanced for better CSS compatibility, includes additional support for HTML and ASP.NET markup snippets, and features a redesigned version of IntelliSense for JScript. Improved CSS Compatibility The Visual Web Developer designer in Visual Studio 2010 has been updated to improve CSS 2.1 standards compliance. The designer better preserves HTML source code and is more robust than in previous versions of Visual Studio. HTML and JScript Snippets In the HTML editor, IntelliSense auto-completes tag names. The IntelliSense Snippets feature auto-completes whole tags and more. In Visual Studio 2010, IntelliSense snippets are supported for JScript, alongside C# and Visual Basic, which were supported in earlier versions of Visual Studio. Visual Studio 2010 includes over 200 snippets that help you auto-complete common ASP.NET and HTML tags, including required attributes (such as runat="server") and common attributes specific to a tag (such as ID, DataSourceID, ControlToValidate, and Text). You can download additional snippets, or you can write your own snippets that encapsulate the blocks of markup that you or your team use for common tasks. For more information on HTML snippets, see Walkthrough: Using HTML Snippets. JScript IntelliSense Enhancements In Visual 2010, JScript IntelliSense has been redesigned to provide an even richer editing experience. IntelliSense now recognizes objects that have been dynamically generated by methods such as registerNamespace and by similar techniques used by other JavaScript frameworks. Performance has been improved to analyze large libraries of script and to display IntelliSense with little or no processing delay. Compatibility has been significantly increased to support almost all third-party libraries and to support diverse coding styles. Documentation comments are now parsed as you type and are immediately leveraged by IntelliSense. Web Application Deployment with Visual Studio 2010 For Web application projects, Visual Studio now provides tools that work with the IIS Web Deployment Tool (Web Deploy) to automate many processes that had to be done manually in earlier versions of ASP.NET. For example, the following tasks can now be automated: Creating an IIS application on the destination computer and configuring IIS settings. Copying files to the destination computer. Changing Web.config settings that must be different in the destination environment. Propagating changes to data or data structures in SQL Server databases that are used by the Web application. For more information about Web application deployment, see ASP.NET Deployment Content Map. Enhancements to ASP.NET Multi-Targeting ASP.NET 4 adds new features to the multi-targeting feature to make it easier to work with projects that target earlier versions of the .NET Framework. Multi-targeting was introduced in ASP.NET 3.5 to enable you to use the latest version of Visual Studio without having to upgrade existing Web sites or Web services to the latest version of the .NET Framework. In Visual Studio 2008, when you work with a project targeted for an earlier version of the .NET Framework, most features of the development environment adapt to the targeted version. However, IntelliSense displays language features that are available in the current version, and property windows display properties available in the current version. In Visual Studio 2010, only language features and properties available in the targeted version of the .NET Framework are shown. For more information about multi-targeting, see the following topics: .NET Framework Multi-Targeting for ASP.NET Web Projects ASP.NET Side-by-Side Execution Overview How to: Host Web Applications That Use Different Versions of the .NET Framework on the Same Server How to: Deploy Web Site Projects Targeted for Earlier Versions of the .NET Framework

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• Inspire Geek Love with These Hilarious Geek Valentines

  - by Eric Z Goodnight

  Want to send some Geek Love to that special someone? Why not do it with these elementary school throwback valentines, and win their heart this upcoming Valentine’s day—the geek way! Read on to see the simple method to make your own custom Valentines, as well as download a set of eleven ready-made ones any geek guy or gal should be delighted get. It’s amore! How to Make Custom Valentines A size we’ve used for all of our Valentines is a 3” x 4” at 150 dpi. This is fairly low resolution for print, but makes a great graphic to email. With your new image open, Navigate to Edit > Fill and fill your background layer with a rich, red color (or whatever appeals to you.) By setting “Use” to “Foreground color as shown above, you’ll paint whatever foreground color you have in your color picker. Press to select the text tool. Set a few text objects, using whatever fonts appeal to you. Pixel fonts, like this one, are freely downloadable, and we’ve already shared a great list of Valentines fonts. Copy an image from the internet if you’re confident your sweetie won’t mind a bit of fair use of copyrighted imagery. If they do mind, find yourself some great Creative Commons images. to do a free transform on your image, sizing it to whatever dimensions work best for your design. Right click your newly added image layer in your panel and Choose “Blending Effects” to pick a Layer Style. “Stroke” with this setting adds a black line around your image. Also turning on “Outer Glow” with this setting puts a dark black shadow around the top and bottom (and sides, although they are hidden). Add some more text. Double entendre is recommended. Click and hold down on the “Rectangle Tool” to get the “Custom Shape Tool.” The custom shape tool has useful vector shapes built into it. Find the “Shape” dropdown in the menu to find the heart image. Click and drag to create a vector heart shape in your image. Your layers panel is where you can change the color, if it happens to use the wrong one at first. Click the color swatch in your panel, highlighted in blue above. will transform your vector heart. You can also use it to rotate, if you like. Add some details, like this Power or Standby symbol, which can be found in symbol fonts, taken from images online, or drawn by hand. Your Valentine is now ready to be saved as a JPG or PNG and sent to the object of your affection! Keep reading to see a list of 11 downloadable How-To Geek Valentines, including this one and the three from the header image. Download The HTG Set of Valentines Download the HTG Geek Valentines (ZIP) Download the HTG Geek Valentines (ZIP) When he’s not wooing ladies with Valentines cards, you can email the author at [email protected] with your Photoshop and Graphics questions. Your questions may be featured in a future How-To Geek article! Latest Features How-To Geek ETC Inspire Geek Love with These Hilarious Geek Valentines How to Integrate Dropbox with Pages, Keynote, and Numbers on iPad RGB? CMYK? Alpha? What Are Image Channels and What Do They Mean? How to Recover that Photo, Picture or File You Deleted Accidentally How To Colorize Black and White Vintage Photographs in Photoshop How To Get SSH Command-Line Access to Windows 7 Using Cygwin How to Kid Proof Your Computer’s Power and Reset Buttons Microsoft’s Windows Media Player Extension Adds H.264 Support Back to Google Chrome Android Notifier Pushes Android Notices to Your Desktop Dead Space 2 Theme for Chrome and Iron Carl Sagan and Halo Reach Mashup – We Humans are Capable of Greatness [Video] Battle the Necromorphs Once Again on Your Desktop with the Dead Space 2 Theme for Windows 7

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• Master Note for Generic Data Warehousing

  - by lajos.varady(at)oracle.com

  ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ The complete and the most recent version of this article can be viewed from My Oracle Support Knowledge Section. Master Note for Generic Data Warehousing [ID 1269175.1] ++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++In this Document   Purpose   Master Note for Generic Data Warehousing      Components covered      Oracle Database Data Warehousing specific documents for recent versions      Technology Network Product Homes      Master Notes available in My Oracle Support      White Papers      Technical Presentations Platforms: 1-914CU; This document is being delivered to you via Oracle Support's Rapid Visibility (RaV) process and therefore has not been subject to an independent technical review. Applies to: Oracle Server - Enterprise Edition - Version: 9.2.0.1 to 11.2.0.2 - Release: 9.2 to 11.2Information in this document applies to any platform. Purpose Provide navigation path Master Note for Generic Data Warehousing Components covered Read Only Materialized ViewsQuery RewriteDatabase Object PartitioningParallel Execution and Parallel QueryDatabase CompressionTransportable TablespacesOracle Online Analytical Processing (OLAP)Oracle Data MiningOracle Database Data Warehousing specific documents for recent versions 11g Release 2 (11.2)11g Release 1 (11.1)10g Release 2 (10.2)10g Release 1 (10.1)9i Release 2 (9.2)9i Release 1 (9.0)Technology Network Product HomesOracle Partitioning Advanced CompressionOracle Data MiningOracle OLAPMaster Notes available in My Oracle SupportThese technical articles have been written by Oracle Support Engineers to provide proactive and top level information and knowledge about the components of thedatabase we handle under the "Database Datawarehousing".Note 1166564.1 Master Note: Transportable Tablespaces (TTS) -- Common Questions and IssuesNote 1087507.1 Master Note for MVIEW 'ORA-' error diagnosis. For Materialized View CREATE or REFRESHNote 1102801.1 Master Note: How to Get a 10046 trace for a Parallel QueryNote 1097154.1 Master Note Parallel Execution Wait Events Note 1107593.1 Master Note for the Oracle OLAP OptionNote 1087643.1 Master Note for Oracle Data MiningNote 1215173.1 Master Note for Query RewriteNote 1223705.1 Master Note for OLTP Compression Note 1269175.1 Master Note for Generic Data WarehousingWhite Papers Transportable Tablespaces white papers Database Upgrade Using Transportable Tablespaces:Oracle Database 11g Release 1 (February 2009) Platform Migration Using Transportable Database Oracle Database 11g and 10g Release 2 (August 2008) Database Upgrade using Transportable Tablespaces: Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (April 2007) Platform Migration using Transportable Tablespaces: Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (April 2007)Parallel Execution and Parallel Query white papers Best Practices for Workload Management of a Data Warehouse on the Sun Oracle Database Machine (June 2010) Effective resource utilization by In-Memory Parallel Execution in Oracle Real Application Clusters 11g Release 2 (Feb 2010) Parallel Execution Fundamentals in Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (November 2009) Parallel Execution with Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (June 2005)Oracle Data Mining white paper Oracle Data Mining 11g Release 2 (March 2010)Partitioning white papers Partitioning with Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (September 2009) Partitioning in Oracle Database 11g (June 2007)Materialized Views and Query Rewrite white papers Oracle Materialized Views  and Query Rewrite (May 2005) Improving Performance using Query Rewrite in Oracle Database 10g (December 2003)Database Compression white papers Advanced Compression with Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (September 2009) Table Compression in Oracle Database 10g Release 2 (May 2005)Oracle OLAP white papers On-line Analytic Processing with Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (September 2009) Using Oracle Business Intelligence Enterprise Edition with the OLAP Option to Oracle Database 11g (July 2008)Generic white papers Enabling Pervasive BI through a Practical Data Warehouse Reference Architecture (February 2010) Optimizing and Protecting Storage with Oracle Database 11g Release 2 (November 2009) Oracle Database 11g for Data Warehousing and Business Intelligence (August 2009) Best practices for a Data Warehouse on Oracle Database 11g (September 2008)Technical PresentationsA selection of ObE - Oracle by Examples documents: Generic Using Basic Database Functionality for Data Warehousing (10g) Partitioning Manipulating Partitions in Oracle Database (11g Release 1) Using High-Speed Data Loading and Rolling Window Operations with Partitioning (11g Release 1) Using Partitioned Outer Join to Fill Gaps in Sparse Data (10g) Materialized View and Query Rewrite Using Materialized Views and Query Rewrite Capabilities (10g) Using the SQLAccess Advisor to Recommend Materialized Views and Indexes (10g) Oracle OLAP Using Microsoft Excel With Oracle 11g Cubes (how to analyze data in Oracle OLAP Cubes using Excel's native capabilities) Using Oracle OLAP 11g With Oracle BI Enterprise Edition (Creating OBIEE Metadata for OLAP 11g Cubes and querying those in BI Answers) Building OLAP 11g Cubes Querying OLAP 11g Cubes Creating Interactive APEX Reports Over OLAP 11g CubesSelection of presentations from the BIWA website:Extreme Data Warehousing With Exadata  by Hermann Baer (July 2010) (slides 2.5MB, recording 54MB)Data Mining Made Easy! Introducing Oracle Data Miner 11g Release 2 New "Work flow" GUI   by Charlie Berger (May 2010) (slides 4.8MB, recording 85MB )Best Practices for Deploying a Data Warehouse on Oracle Database 11g  by Maria Colgan (December 2009)  (slides 3MB, recording 18MB, white paper 3MB )

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• Improvements to Joshua Bloch's Builder Design Pattern?

  - by Jason Fotinatos

  Back in 2007, I read an article about Joshua Blochs take on the "builder pattern" and how it could be modified to improve the overuse of constructors and setters, especially when an object has a large number of properties, most of which are optional. A brief summary of this design pattern is articled here [http://rwhansen.blogspot.com/2007/07/theres-builder-pattern-that-joshua.html]. I liked the idea, and have been using it since. The problem with it, while it is very clean and nice to use from the client perspective, implementing it can be a pain in the bum! There are so many different places in the object where a single property is reference, and thus creating the object, and adding a new property takes a lot of time. So...I had an idea. First, an example object in Joshua Bloch's style: Josh Bloch Style: public class OptionsJoshBlochStyle { private final String option1; private final int option2; // ...other options here <<<< public String getOption1() { return option1; } public int getOption2() { return option2; } public static class Builder { private String option1; private int option2; // other options here <<<<< public Builder option1(String option1) { this.option1 = option1; return this; } public Builder option2(int option2) { this.option2 = option2; return this; } public OptionsJoshBlochStyle build() { return new OptionsJoshBlochStyle(this); } } private OptionsJoshBlochStyle(Builder builder) { this.option1 = builder.option1; this.option2 = builder.option2; // other options here <<<<<< } public static void main(String[] args) { OptionsJoshBlochStyle optionsVariation1 = new OptionsJoshBlochStyle.Builder().option1("firefox").option2(1).build(); OptionsJoshBlochStyle optionsVariation2 = new OptionsJoshBlochStyle.Builder().option1("chrome").option2(2).build(); } } Now my "improved" version: public class Options { // note that these are not final private String option1; private int option2; // ...other options here public String getOption1() { return option1; } public int getOption2() { return option2; } public static class Builder { private final Options options = new Options(); public Builder option1(String option1) { this.options.option1 = option1; return this; } public Builder option2(int option2) { this.options.option2 = option2; return this; } public Options build() { return options; } } private Options() { } public static void main(String[] args) { Options optionsVariation1 = new Options.Builder().option1("firefox").option2(1).build(); Options optionsVariation2 = new Options.Builder().option1("chrome").option2(2).build(); } } As you can see in my "improved version", there are 2 less places in which we need to add code about any addition properties (or options, in this case)! The only negative that I can see is that the instance variables of the outer class are not able to be final. But, the class is still immutable without this. Is there really any downside to this improvement in maintainability? There has to be a reason which he repeated the properties within the nested class that I'm not seeing?

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