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  • RenderTargetBitmap + Resource'd VisualBrush = incomplete image

    - by Will
    I've found a new twist on the "Visual to RenderTargetBitmap" question! I'm rendering previews of WPF stuff for a designer. That means I need to take a WPF visual and render it to a bitmap without that visual ever being displayed. Got a nice little method to do it like to see it here it goes private static BitmapSource CreateBitmapSource(FrameworkElement visual) { Border b = new Border { Width = visual.Width, Height = visual.Height }; b.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black; b.BorderThickness = new Thickness(1); b.Background = Brushes.White; b.Child = visual; b.Measure(new Size(b.Width, b.Height)); b.Arrange(new Rect(b.DesiredSize)); RenderTargetBitmap rtb = new RenderTargetBitmap( (int)b.ActualWidth, (int)b.ActualHeight, 96, 96, PixelFormats.Pbgra32); // intermediate step here to ensure any VisualBrushes are rendered properly DrawingVisual dv = new DrawingVisual(); using (var dc = dv.RenderOpen()) { var vb = new VisualBrush(b); dc.DrawRectangle(vb, null, new Rect(new Point(), b.DesiredSize)); } rtb.Render(dv); return rtb; } Works fine, except for one leeetle thing... if my FrameworkElement has a VisualBrush, that brush doesn't end up in the final rendered bitmap. Something like this: <UserControl.Resources> <VisualBrush x:Key="LOLgo"> <VisualBrush.Visual> <!-- blah blah --> <Grid Background="{StaticResource LOLgo}"> <!-- yadda yadda --> Everything else renders to the bitmap, but that VisualBrush just won't show. The obvious google solutions have been attempted and have failed. Even the ones that specifically mention VisualBrushes missing from RTB'd bitmaps. I have a sneaky suspicion this might be caused by the fact that its a Resource, and that lazy resource isn't being inlined. So a possible fix would be to, somehow(???), force resolution of all static resource references before rendering. But I have absolutely no idea how to do that. Anybody have a fix for this?

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  • How to check for palindrome using Python logic

    - by DrOnline
    My background is only a 6 month college class in basic C/C++, and I'm trying to convert to Python. I may be talking nonsense, but it seems to me C, at least at my level, is very for-loop intensive. I solve most problems with these loops. And it seems to me the biggest mistake people do when going from C to Python is trying to implement C logic using Python, which makes things run slowly, and it's just not making the most of the language. I see on this website: http://hyperpolyglot.org/scripting (serach for "c-style for", that Python doesn't have C-style for loops. Might be outdated, but I interpret it to mean Python has its own methods for this. I've tried looking around, I can't find much up to date (Python 3) advice for this. How can I solve a palindrome challenge in Python, without using the for loop? I've done this in C in class, but I want to do it in Python, on a personal basis. The problem is from the Euler Project, great site btw. def isPalindrome(n): lst = [int(n) for n in str(n)] l=len(lst) if l==0 || l==1: return True elif len(lst)%2==0: for k in range (l) ##### else: while (k<=((l-1)/2)): if (list[]): ##### for i in range (999, 100, -1): for j in range (999,100, -1): if isPalindrome(i*j): print(i*j) break I'm missing a lot of code here. The five hashes are just reminders for myself. Concrete questions: 1) In C, I would make a for loop comparing index 0 to index max, and then index 0+1 with max-1, until something something. How to best do this in Python? 2) My for loop (in in range (999, 100, -1), is this a bad way to do it in Python? 3) Does anybody have any good advice, or good websites or resources for people in my position? I'm not a programmer, I don't aspire to be one, I just want to learn enough so that when I write my bachelor's degree thesis (electrical engineering), I don't have to simultaneously LEARN an applicable programming language while trying to obtain good results in the project. "How to go from basic C to great application of Python", that sort of thing. 4) Any specific bits of code to make a great solution to this problem would also be appreciated, I need to learn good algorithms.. I am envisioning 3 situations. If the value is zero or single digit, if it is of odd length, and if it is of even length. I was planning to write for loops... PS: The problem is: Find the highest value product of two 3 digit integers that is also a palindrome.

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  • Android HelloGoogleMaps to OSMdroid (Open Street Maps)

    - by birgit
    I am trying to reproduce a working HelloGoogleMaps app in Open Street Maps - but I have trouble including the itemized overlay in OSMdroid. I have looked at several resources but I cannot figure out how to fix the error on OsmItemizedOverlay - I guess I am constructing OsmItemizedOverlay wrongly or have a mixup with OsmItemizedOverlay and ItemizedOverlay? But everything I tried to change just raised more errors... "Implicit super constructor ItemizedOverlay() is undefined. Must explicitly invoke another constructor" "Cannot make a static reference to the non-static method setMarker(Drawable) from the type OverlayItem" - I hope someone can help me getting the class definition straight? Thanks so much! package com.example.osmdroiddemomap; import java.util.ArrayList; import android.app.AlertDialog; import android.content.Context; import android.graphics.Point; import android.graphics.drawable.Drawable; import org.osmdroid.api.IMapView; import org.osmdroid.views.*; import org.osmdroid.views.overlay.*; import org.osmdroid.views.overlay.OverlayItem.HotspotPlace; public class OsmItemizedOverlay extends ItemizedOverlay<OverlayItem> { Context mContext; private ArrayList<OverlayItem> mOverlays = new ArrayList<OverlayItem>(); //ERRORS are raised by the following 3 lines: public OsmItemizedOverlay(Drawable defaultMarker, Context context) { OverlayItem.setMarker(defaultMarker); OverlayItem.setMarkerHotspot(HotspotPlace.CENTER); mContext = context; } public void addOverlay(OverlayItem overlay) { mOverlays.add(overlay); populate(); } @Override protected OverlayItem createItem(int i) { return mOverlays.get(i); } @Override public int size() { return mOverlays.size(); } protected boolean onTap(int index) { OverlayItem item = mOverlays.get(index); AlertDialog.Builder dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(mContext); dialog.setTitle(item.getTitle()); dialog.setMessage(item.getSnippet()); dialog.show(); return true; } @Override public boolean onSnapToItem(int arg0, int arg1, Point arg2, IMapView arg3) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub return false; } }

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  • rounded corners in Qooxdoo - problems with ImageMagic and PNG

    - by lomme47
    Hi, I want to create a button with rounded corners in Qooxdoo but I'm having some problems. I guess it's a problem with ImageMagick and not my Qooxdoo code, but I'll post it anyway. So in order to create rounded corners I'm following this guide Guide this is what my image.json contains: { "jobs" : { "common" : { "let" : { "RESPATH" : "source/resource/custom" }, "cache" : { "compile" : "../cache" } }, "image-clipping" : { "extend" : ["common"], "slice-images" : { "images" : { "${RESPATH}/image/source/groupBox.png" : { "prefix" : "../clipped/groupBox", "border-width" : 4 } } } }, "image-combine" : { "extend" : ["common"], "combine-images" : { "images" : { "${RESPATH}/image-combined/combined.png": { "prefix" : [ "${RESPATH}" ], "layout" : "vertical", "input" : [ { "prefix" : [ "${RESPATH}" ], "files" : [ "${RESPATH}/image/clipped/groupBox*.png" ] } ] } } } } } } Here's what happens when I run image-clipping and image-combine: C:\customgenerate.py -c image.json image-clipping INITIALIZING: CUSTOM Configuration: image.json Jobs: image-clipping Resolving config includes... Resolving jobs... Incorporating job defaults... Resolving macros... Resolving libs/manifests... EXECUTING: IMAGE-CLIPPING Initializing cache... Done C:\customgenerate.py -c image.json image-combine INITIALIZING: CUSTOM Configuration: image.json Jobs: image-combine Resolving config includes... Resolving jobs... Incorporating job defaults... Resolving macros... Resolving libs/manifests... EXECUTING: IMAGE-COMBINE Initializing cache... Combining images... Creating image C:\custom\source\resource\custom\image-combined\combined.png Magick: no decode delegate for this image format \docume~1\lomme\lokala~1\ tmpql73hk' @ error/constitute.c/ReadImage/532. Magick: missing an image filename C:\custom\source\resource\custom\image-combined\combined.png' @ error/montage.c/MontageImageCommand/1707. The montage command (montage -geometry +0+0 -gravity NorthWest -tile 1x -background None @c:\docume~1\lomme\lokala~1\temp\tmpql73hk C:\custom\source\resources\custom\image-combined\combined.png) failed with the following return code:1 The image-clipping works like a charm but I get some kinda error message when I try to run image-combine. When I google the error messages it says ImageMagick is lacking PNG support but I can use other commands like "convert a.jpg b.png" so there must be some kinda png support? here's what "identify -list format" returns: PNG* PNG rw- Portable Network Graphics (libpng 1.2.43) See http://www.libpng.org/ for details about the PNG format. PNG24* PNG rw- opaque 24-bit RGB (zlib 1.2.3) PNG32* PNG rw- opaque or transparent 32-bit RGBA PNG8* PNG rw- 8-bit indexed with optional binary transparency So why do i get this error message: Magick: no decode delegate for this image format Looks to me like there's png support? I've never used ImageMagick before so I'm completely lost :D Thanks in advance

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  • HelloWebView Sample: now using SDK 3 and getting killed

    - by Tim
    Hey Folks, Well I was trying to get the HelloWebview example working with SDK 7 with no success (see HelloWebView Sample: java.lang.SecurityException: Permission Denial thread), so I decided just out of curiosity to back off to SDK3 to see if I could learn anything. I have been able to get all the "Layout" samples to work and decided to try something a little harder. Unfortunately, I still cannot get the simple HelloWebView app to run. I no longer get a Permission Denial but now the app is getting killed. Killed usually implies that there are not enough resources (memory etc.) for an application to run.... Any thoughts? Are there any other log files I can look at either on my computer or on the emulator? The main.xml, manifest, and console output are below. Let me know if you need more information. Thanks, Tim main.xml: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> <LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent" > <WebView android:id="@+id/webview" android:layout_width="fill_parent" android:layout_height="fill_parent"/> </LinearLayout> mainfest file: <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> <uses-sdk android:minSdkVersion="3" /> <application android:icon="@drawable/icon" android:label="@string/app_name"> <activity android:name=".HelloWebView3" android:label="@string/app_name"> <intent-filter> <action android:name="android.intent.action.MAIN" /> <category android:name="android.intent.category.LAUNCHER" /> </intent-filter> </activity> <activity android:name=".HelloWebView3" android:label="@string/app_name" android:theme="@android:style/Theme.NoTitleBar"> </activity> </application> Console output: [2010-06-05 08:43:37 - HelloWebView3] ------------------------------ [2010-06-05 08:43:37 - HelloWebView3] Android Launch! [2010-06-05 08:43:37 - HelloWebView3] adb is running normally. [2010-06-05 08:43:37 - HelloWebView3] Performing com.example.hellowebview3.HelloWebView3 activity launch [2010-06-05 08:43:37 - HelloWebView3] Automatic Target Mode: launching new emulator with compatible AVD 'Android1.5' [2010-06-05 08:43:37 - HelloWebView3] Launching a new emulator with Virtual Device 'Android1.5' [2010-06-05 08:43:42 - HelloWebView3] New emulator found: emulator-5554 [2010-06-05 08:43:42 - HelloWebView3] Waiting for HOME ('android.process.acore') to be launched... [2010-06-05 08:45:04 - HelloWebView3] HOME is up on device 'emulator-5554' [2010-06-05 08:45:04 - HelloWebView3] Uploading HelloWebView3.apk onto device 'emulator-5554' [2010-06-05 08:45:04 - HelloWebView3] Installing HelloWebView3.apk... [2010-06-05 08:45:19 - HelloWebView3] Success! [2010-06-05 08:45:19 - HelloWebView3] Starting activity com.example.hellowebview3.HelloWebView3 on device [2010-06-05 08:45:23 - HelloWebView3] ActivityManager: Starting: Intent { action=android.intent.action.MAIN categories={android.intent.category.LAUNCHER} comp={com.example.hellowebview3/com.example.hellowebview3.HelloWebView3} } [2010-06-05 08:45:23 - HelloWebView3] ActivityManager: [1] Killed am start -n com....

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  • segmented reduction with scattered segments

    - by Christian Rau
    I got to solve a pretty standard problem on the GPU, but I'm quite new to practical GPGPU, so I'm looking for ideas to approach this problem. I have many points in 3-space which are assigned to a very small number of groups (each point belongs to one group), specifically 15 in this case (doesn't ever change). Now I want to compute the mean and covariance matrix of all the groups. So on the CPU it's roughly the same as: for each point p { mean[p.group] += p.pos; covariance[p.group] += p.pos * p.pos; ++count[p.group]; } for each group g { mean[g] /= count[g]; covariance[g] = covariance[g]/count[g] - mean[g]*mean[g]; } Since the number of groups is extremely small, the last step can be done on the CPU (I need those values on the CPU, anyway). The first step is actually just a segmented reduction, but with the segments scattered around. So the first idea I came up with, was to first sort the points by their groups. I thought about a simple bucket sort using atomic_inc to compute bucket sizes and per-point relocation indices (got a better idea for sorting?, atomics may not be the best idea). After that they're sorted by groups and I could possibly come up with an adaption of the segmented scan algorithms presented here. But in this special case, I got a very large amount of data per point (9-10 floats, maybe even doubles if the need arises), so the standard algorithms using a shared memory element per thread and a thread per point might make problems regarding per-multiprocessor resources as shared memory or registers (Ok, much more on compute capability 1.x than 2.x, but still). Due to the very small and constant number of groups I thought there might be better approaches. Maybe there are already existing ideas suited for these specific properties of such a standard problem. Or maybe my general approach isn't that bad and you got ideas for improving the individual steps, like a good sorting algorithm suited for a very small number of keys or some segmented reduction algorithm minimizing shared memory/register usage. I'm looking for general approaches and don't want to use external libraries. FWIW I'm using OpenCL, but it shouldn't really matter as the general concepts of GPU computing don't really differ over the major frameworks.

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  • mulformed Farsi characters on AWT

    - by jlover2010
    Hi As i started programming by jdk6, i had no problem in text components neither in awt nor in swing. But for labels or titles of awt components, yes : I couldn't have Farsi characters displayable on AWTs just as simple as Swing by typing them into the source code. lets check this SSCCE : import javax.swing.*; import java.awt.*; import java.io.*; import java.util.Properties; public class EmptyFarsiCharsOnAWT extends JFrame{ public EmptyFarsiCharsOnAWT() { super("????"); setDefaultCloseOperation(3); setVisible(rootPaneCheckingEnabled); } public static void main(String[] args) throws AWTException, IOException { JFrame jFrame = new EmptyFarsiCharsOnAWT(); MenuItem show ; // approach 1 = HardCoding : /* show = new MenuItem("\u0646\u0645\u0627\u06cc\u0634"); * */ // approach 2 = using simple utf-8 saved text file : /* BufferedReader in = new BufferedReader(new FileReader("farsiLabels.txt")); String showLabel = in.readLine(); in.close(); show = new MenuItem(showLabel); * */ // approach 3 = using properties file : FileReader in = new FileReader("farsiLabels.properties"); Properties farsiLabels = new Properties(); farsiLabels.load(in); show = new MenuItem(farsiLabels.getProperty("tray.show")); PopupMenu popUp = new PopupMenu(); popUp.add(show); // creating Tray object Image iconIamge = Toolkit.getDefaultToolkit().getImage("greenIcon.png"); TrayIcon trayIcon = new TrayIcon(iconIamge, null, popUp); SystemTray tray = SystemTray.getSystemTray(); tray.add(trayIcon); jFrame.setIconImage(iconIamge); } } Yes, i know each of three approaches in source code does right when you may test it from IDE , but if you make a JAR contains just this class (and its resources) by means of NetBeans project clean&build ,you won't see the expected characters and will just get EMPTY/BLANK SQUARES ! Unfortunately, opposed to other situations i encountered before, here there is no way to avoid using awt and make use of Swing in this case. And this was just an SSCCE i made to show the problem and my recent (also first) application suffers from this subject. And i think should have to let you know I posted this question a while ago in SDN and "the Java Ranch" forums and other native forums and still I'm watching... By the way i am using latest version of Netbeans IDE... I will be so grateful if anybody has a solution to this damn AWT components never rendered any Farsi character for me... Thanks in advance

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  • USB windows xp final USB access issues

    - by Lex Dean
    I basically understand you C++ people, Please do not get distracted because I'm writing in Delphi. I have a stable USB Listing method that accesses all my USB devices I get the devicepath, and this structure: TSPDevInfoData = packed record Size: DWORD; ClassGuid: TGUID; DevInst: DWORD; // DEVINST handle Reserved: DWord; end; I get my ProductID and VenderID successfully from my DevicePath Lists all USB devices connected to the computer at the time That enables me to access the registry data to each device in a stable way. What I'm lacking is a little direction Is friendly name able to be written inside the connected USB Micro chips by the firmware programmer? (I'm thinking of this to identify the device even further, or is this to help identify Bulk data transfer devices like memory sticks and camera's) Can I use SPDRP_REMOVAL_POLICY_OVERRIDE to some how reset these polices What else can I do with the registry details. Identifying when some one unplugs a device The program is using (in windows XP standard) I used a documented windows event that did not respond. Can I read a registry value to identify if its still connected? using CreateFileA (DevicePath) to send and receive data I have read when some one unplugs in the middle of a data transfer its difficult clearing resources. what can IoCreateDevice do for me and how does one use it for that task This two way point of connection status and system lock up situations is very concerning. Has some one read anything about this subject recently? My objectives are to 1. list connected USB devices identify a in development Micro Controller from everything else send and receive data in a stable and fast way to the limits of the controller No lock up's transferring data Note I'm not using any service packs I understand everything USB is in ANSI when windows xp is not and .Net is all about ANSI (what a waste of memory) I plan to continue this project into a .net at a later date as an addition. MSDN gives me Structures and Functions and what should link to what ok but say little to what they get used for. What is available in my language Delphi is way over priced that it needs a major price drop.

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  • Help with strange memory behavior. Looking for leaks both in my brain and in my code.

    - by BastiBechtold
    I spent the last few days trying to find memory leaks in a program we are developing. First of all, I tried using some leak detectors. After fixing a few issues, they do not find any leaks any more. However, I am also monitoring my application using perfmon.exe. Performance Monitor reports that 'Private Bytes' and 'Working Set - Private' are steadily rising when the app is used. To me, this suggests that the program is using more and more memory the longer it runs. Internal resources seem to be stable however, so this sounds like leaking to me. The program is loading a DLL at runtime. I suspect that these leaks or whatever they are occur in that library and get purged when the library is unloaded, hence they won't get picked up by the leak detectors. I used both DevPartner BoundsChecker and Virtual Leak Detector to look for memory leaks. Both supposedly catch leaks in DLLs. Also, the memory consumption is increasing in steps and those steps roughly, but not exactly, coincide with certain GUI actions I perform in the application. If these were errors in our code, they should get triggered every single time the actions are performed and not just most of the time. Whenever I am confronted with so much strangeness, I begin to question my basic assumptions. So I turn to you, who know everything, for suggestions. Is there a flaw in my assumptions? Do you have an idea of how to go about troubleshooting a problem like this? Edit: I am currently using Microsoft Visual C++ (x86) on Windows 7 64. Edit2: I just used IBM Purify to hunt for leaks. First of all, it lists a full 30% of the program as leaked memory. This can not be true. I guess it is identifying the whole DLL as leaked or something like that. However, if I search for new leaks every few actions, it reports leaks that correspond with the size increase reported by Performance Monitor. This could be a lead to a leak. Sadly, I am only using the trial version of Purify, so it won't show me the actual location of those leaks. (These leaks only show up at runtime. When the program exits, there are no leaks whatsoever reported by any tool.)

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  • Question about Architecture for Viewing Images in ASP.NET MVC App

    - by Charlie Flowers
    I have an approach in mind for an image viewer in a web app, and want to get a sanity check and any thoughts you stackoverflowers might have. Here's the whirlwind nutshell summary: I'm working on an ASP.NET MVC application that will run in my company's retail stores. Even though it is a web application, we own the store machines and have control over them. We have a "windows agent" running on the store machine which we can talk to from the browser via javascript (it is a WCF service, and our web app has permission to talk to it from the browser). One of the web pages needs to be an "image viewer" page with some common things like Rotate & Zoom. Now, there are some WebForms controls that offer Rotate and Zoom. However, they take up server resources and generate a good bit of traffic between the server and the browser. For example, the Rotate function would cause an ajax call to the server, which would then generate a new image written to a .NET Canvas object, which would then be written to a file on the server, which would then be returned from the ajax call and refreshed inside the browser. Normally, that's a pretty good way of doing things. But in our case, we have code running on the store machine that we can communicate with. This leads me to consider the following approach: When the user asks to view an image, we tell our "windows agent" to download it from our image server to the store machine. We then redirect our browser to our image viewer page, which will pull the image from the local file we just wrote to the store machine. When the user clicks "Rotate", we cause JavaScript code in the browser to call our "windows agent" software, asking it to perform the "Rotate" function. The "windows agent" does the rotation using the same kind of imaging control that would formerly have been used on the server, but it does so now on the store machine. Javascript in the browser then refreshes the image on the page to show the newly rotated image. Zoom and similar features would be implemented the same way. This seems to be much more efficient, scalable, and responsive for the end-users. However, I've never heard of anything like it being done, mostly because it's rare to have this combination of a web app plus a "windows agent" on the client machine. What do you think? Feasible? Reasonable? Any pitfalls I overlooked or improvements / suggestions you can see? Has anyone done anything like this who would like to offer the wisdom of experience? Thanks!

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  • How do I add Objective C code to a FireBreath Project?

    - by jmort253
    I am writing a browser plugin for Mac OS that will place a status bar icon in the status bar, which users can use to interface with the browser plugin. I've successfully built a FireBreath 1.6 project in XCode 4.4.1, and can install it in the browser. However, FireBreath uses C++, whereas a large majority of the existing libraries for Mac OS are written in Objective C. In the /Mac/projectDef.make file, I added the Cocoa Framework and Foundation Framework, as suggested here and in other resources I've found on the Internet: target_link_libraries(${PROJECT_NAME} ${PLUGIN_INTERNAL_DEPS} ${Cocoa.framework} # added line ${Foundation.framework} # added line ) I reran prepmac.sh, expecting a new project to be created in XCode with my .mm files, and .m files; however, it seems that they're being ignored. I only see the .cpp and .h files. I added rules for those in the projectDef.make file, but it doesn't seem to make a difference: file (GLOB PLATFORM RELATIVE ${CMAKE_CURRENT_SOURCE_DIR} Mac/[^.]*.cpp Mac/[^.]*.h Mac/[^.]*.m #added by me Mac/[^.]*.mm #added by me Mac/[^.]*.cmake ) Even if I add the files in manually, I get a series of compilation errors. There are about 20 of them, all related to the file NSObjRuntime.h file: Parse Issue - Expected unqualified-id Parse Issue - Unknown type name 'NSString' Semantic Issue - Use of undeclared identifier 'NSString' Parse Issue - Unknown type name 'NSString' ... ... Semantic Issue - Use of undeclared identifier 'aSelectorName' ... ... Semantic Issue - Use of undeclared identifier 'aClassName' ... It continues like this for some time with similar errors... From what I've read, these errors appear because of dependencies on the Foundation Framework, which I believe I've included in the project. I also tried clicking the project in XCode I'm to the point now where I'm not sure what to try next. People say it's not hard to use Objective C in C/C++ code, but being new to XCode and Objective C might contribute to my confusion. This is only day 4 for me in this new platform. What do I need to do to get XCode to compile the Objective C code? Please remember that I'm a little new to this, so I'd appreciate it if you leave detailed answers as opposed to the vague one-liners that are common in the firebreath tag. I'm just a little in over my head, but if you can get me past this hurdle I'm certain I'll be good to go from there. UPDATE: I edited projects/MyPlugin/CMakeLists.txt and added in the .m and .mm rules there too. after running prepmac.sh, the files are included in the project, but I still get the same compile errors. I moved all the .h files and .mm files from the Obj C code to the MyPlugin root folder and reran the prepmac.sh file. Problem still exists. Same compile errors.

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  • In a PHP project, how do you organize and access your helper objects?

    - by Pekka
    How do you organize and manage your helper objects like the database engine, user notification, error handling and so on in a PHP based, object oriented project? Say I have a large PHP CMS. The CMS is organized in various classes. A few examples: the database object user management an API to create/modify/delete items a messaging object to display messages to the end user a context handler that takes you to the right page a navigation bar class that shows buttons a logging object possibly, custom error handling etc. I am dealing with the eternal question, how to best make these objects accessible to each part of the system that needs it. my first apporach, many years ago was to have a $application global that contained initialized instances of these classes. global $application; $application->messageHandler->addMessage("Item successfully inserted"); I then changed over to the Singleton pattern and a factory function: $mh =&factory("messageHandler"); $mh->addMessage("Item successfully inserted"); but I'm not happy with that either. Unit tests and encapsulation become more and more important to me, and in my understanding the logic behind globals/singletons destroys the basic idea of OOP. Then there is of course the possibility of giving each object a number of pointers to the helper objects it needs, probably the very cleanest, resource-saving and testing-friendly way but I have doubts about the maintainability of this in the long run. Most PHP frameworks I have looked into use either the singleton pattern, or functions that access the initialized objects. Both fine approaches, but as I said I'm happy with neither. I would like to broaden my horizon on what is possible here and what others have done. I am looking for examples, additional ideas and pointers towards resources that discuss this from a long-term, real-world perspective. Also, I'm interested to hear about specialized, niche or plain weird approaches to the issue. Bounty I am following the popular vote in awarding the bounty, the answer which is probably also going to give me the most. Thank you for all your answers!

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  • HttpWebResponse get mixed up when used inside multiple threads

    - by Holli
    In my Application I have a few threads who will get data from a web service. Basically I just open an URL and get an XML output. I have a few threads who do this continuously but with different URLs. Sometimes the results are mixed up. The XML output doesn't belong to the URL of a thread but to the URL of another thread. In each thread I create an instance of the class GetWebPage and call the method Get from this instance. The method is very simple and based mostly on code from the MSDN documentation. (See below. I removed my error handling here!) public string Get(string userAgent, string url, string user, string pass, int timeout, int readwriteTimeout, WebHeaderCollection whc) { string buffer = string.Empty; HttpWebRequest myWebRequest = (HttpWebRequest)WebRequest.Create(url); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(userAgent)) myWebRequest.UserAgent = userAgent; myWebRequest.Timeout = timeout; myWebRequest.ReadWriteTimeout = readwriteTimeout; myWebRequest.Credentials = new NetworkCredential(user, pass); string[] headers = whc.AllKeys; foreach (string s in headers) { myWebRequest.Headers.Add(s, whc.Get(s)); } using (HttpWebResponse myWebResponse = (HttpWebResponse)myWebRequest.GetResponse()) { using (Stream ReceiveStream = myWebResponse.GetResponseStream()) { Encoding encode = Encoding.GetEncoding("utf-8"); StreamReader readStream = new StreamReader(ReceiveStream, encode); // Read 1024 characters at a time. Char[] read = new Char[1024]; int count = readStream.Read(read, 0, 1024); int break_counter = 0; while (count > 0 && break_counter < 10000) { String str = new String(read, 0, count); buffer += str; count = readStream.Read(read, 0, 1024); break_counter++; } } } return buffer; As you can see I have no public properties or any other shared resources. At least I don't see any. The url is the service I call in the internet and buffer is the XML Output from the server. Like I said I have multiple instances of this class/method in a few threads (10 to 12) and sometimes buffer does not belong the the url of the same thread but another thread.

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  • Learn C# now or finish up with Java and then learn C#?

    - by Sahat
    Ok here is my situation. I've studied Java in my college for 2 semesters. But you know they teach you jack in there, just the basics. We skipped half of our textbook and even then our professors don't teach from section to section of each chapter. I don't blame them. It's hard as it is for new students to understand even the basic concepts of programming. Now this is a community college we are talking about and not Stanford, MIT or Berkeley. So like I said I've done 2 semester of Java. I really like our textbook because it has some challenging projects to do at the end of each chapter. This textbook is pretty clear and i have no problem understanding it (although 2-D and 3-D Arrays have given me some trouble). I have tried reading a few C# books such as Pro C# 2008 and .NET 3.5 and C# 4.0 in a Nutshell. I found these books to be dry and overloaded with information that put me to sleep (No offense to the authors of those 2 wonderful, according to amazon ratings, books). Would you suggest I finish my Java textbook, brush up my knowledge of Arrays, Polymorphism, and etc that are universal to most programming languages. And then switch to C#, plus the syntax is very similar so it should be easy to switch. Or should I just start learning C# right now from the very beginning? If it's the latter then could you recommend some free online resources that will keep me engaged and at the same time teach me everything I need to know about C#. Someone has recommended me to learn .NET first, but I found it to be not the brightest idea. .NET is just a big monster full of libraries. How am I going to apply it if I don't even know the C# or VB!? Anyway back to my question: Master Java and switch to C# or just go with C#? DISCLAIMER: I don't want to start .NET vs J2EE or C# vs Java flame war. I am going with C#. I've decided that I want to work in a Microsoft shop in the future. .NET is what I want to learn. Thanks! Will be waiting for the answers.

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  • iPhone: Grouped tables and navigation controller issues

    - by Jack Griffiths
    Hi there, I've set up a grouped table on my app, and pushing to new views works fine. Except for one thing. The titles and stack layout are all weird. Here's the breakdown: I have two sections in my table. When I tap on the first row in the first section, it takes me to the correct view, but the title of the new view is the name of the first row in the second section of the table. In turn, the second row in the first section's title is the second row in the second section's title. If I tap on the second row in the second section of the root view table, the navigation button goes to the second row in the first section of the table. So here's a diagram of my table: Table Section 1 Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Table Section 2 Row A Row B Row C So if I tap on row 3, the title of the pushed view is Row C. The navigation button tells me to go back to Row 3, then eventually ending up at the root view. Here's my implementation file pushing the views: - (void)tableView:(UITableView *)tableView didSelectRowAtIndexPath:(NSIndexPath *)indexPath { //CSS if ([[arryClientSide objectAtIndex:indexPath.row] isEqual:@"CSS"]) { CSSViewController *css = [[CSSViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"CSSViewController" bundle:nil]; [css setTitle:@"CSS"]; [self.navigationController pushViewController:css animated:YES]; } //HTML if ([[arryClientSide objectAtIndex:indexPath.row] isEqual:@"HTML"]) { HTMLViewController *html = [[HTMLViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"HTMLViewController" bundle:nil]; [html setTitle:@"HTML"]; [self.navigationController pushViewController:html animated:YES]; } //JS if ([[arryClientSide objectAtIndex:indexPath.row] isEqual:@"JavaScript"]) { JSViewController *js = [[JSViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"JSViewController" bundle:nil]; [js setTitle:@"JavaScript"]; [self.navigationController pushViewController:js animated:YES]; } //PHP if ([[arryServerSide objectAtIndex:indexPath.row] isEqual:@"PHP"]) { PHPViewController *php = [[PHPViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"PHPViewController" bundle:nil]; [php setTitle:@"PHP"]; [self.navigationController pushViewController:php animated:YES]; } //SQL if ([[arryServerSide objectAtIndex:indexPath.row] isEqual:@"SQL"]) { SQLViewController *sql = [[SQLViewController alloc] initWithNibName:@"SQLViewController" bundle:nil]; [sql setTitle:@"SQL"]; [self.navigationController pushViewController:sql animated:YES]; } & the array feeding the table's data: - (void)viewDidLoad { [super viewDidLoad]; arryClientSide = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"CSS",@"HTML",@"JavaScript",nil]; arryServerSide = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"Objective-C", @"PHP",@"SQL",nil]; // arryResources = [[NSArray alloc] initWithObjects:@"HTML Colour Codes", @"Useful Resources", @"About",nil]; self.title = @"Select a Language"; [super viewDidLoad]; // Uncomment the following line to display an Edit button in the navigation bar for this view controller. // self.navigationItem.rightBarButtonItem = self.editButtonItem; } Any help would be greatly appreciated. Jack

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  • User Control as container at design time

    - by Luca
    I'm designing a simple expander control. I've derived from UserControl, drawn inner controls, built, run; all ok. Since an inner Control is a Panel, I'd like to use it as container at design time. Indeed I've used the attributes: [Designer(typeof(ExpanderControlDesigner))] [Designer("System.Windows.Forms.Design.ParentControlDesigner, System.Design", typeof(IDesigner))] Great I say. But it isn't... The result is that I can use it as container at design time but: The added controls go back the inner controls already embedded in the user control Even if I push to top a control added at design time, at runtime it is back again on controls embedded to the user control I cannot restrict the container area at design time into a Panel area What am I missing? Here is the code for completeness... why this snippet of code is not working? [Designer(typeof(ExpanderControlDesigner))] [Designer("System.Windows.Forms.Design.ParentControlDesigner, System.Design", typeof(IDesigner))] public partial class ExpanderControl : UserControl { public ExpanderControl() { InitializeComponent(); .... [System.Security.Permissions.PermissionSet(System.Security.Permissions.SecurityAction.Demand, Name = "FullTrust")] internal class ExpanderControlDesigner : ControlDesigner { private ExpanderControl MyControl; public override void Initialize(IComponent component) { base.Initialize(component); MyControl = (ExpanderControl)component; // Hook up events ISelectionService s = (ISelectionService)GetService(typeof(ISelectionService)); IComponentChangeService c = (IComponentChangeService)GetService(typeof(IComponentChangeService)); s.SelectionChanged += new EventHandler(OnSelectionChanged); c.ComponentRemoving += new ComponentEventHandler(OnComponentRemoving); } private void OnSelectionChanged(object sender, System.EventArgs e) { } private void OnComponentRemoving(object sender, ComponentEventArgs e) { } protected override void Dispose(bool disposing) { ISelectionService s = (ISelectionService)GetService(typeof(ISelectionService)); IComponentChangeService c = (IComponentChangeService)GetService(typeof(IComponentChangeService)); // Unhook events s.SelectionChanged -= new EventHandler(OnSelectionChanged); c.ComponentRemoving -= new ComponentEventHandler(OnComponentRemoving); base.Dispose(disposing); } public override System.ComponentModel.Design.DesignerVerbCollection Verbs { get { DesignerVerbCollection v = new DesignerVerbCollection(); v.Add(new DesignerVerb("&asd", new EventHandler(null))); return v; } } } I've found many resources (Interaction, designed, limited area), but nothing was usefull for being operative... Actually there is a trick, since System.Windows.Forms classes can be designed (as usual) and have a correct behavior at runtime (TabControl, for example).

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  • How can I create the XML::Simple data structure using a Perl XML SAX parser?

    - by DVK
    Summary: I am looking a fast XML parser (most likely a wrapper around some standard SAX parser) which will produce per-record data structure 100% identical to those produced by XML::Simple. Details: We have a large code infrastructure which depends on processing records one-by-one and expects the record to be a data structure in a format produced by XML::Simple since it always used XML::Simple since early Jurassic era. An example simple XML is: <root> <rec><f1>v1</f1><f2>v2</f2></rec> <rec><f1>v1b</f1><f2>v2b</f2></rec> <rec><f1>v1c</f1><f2>v2c</f2></rec> </root> And example rough code is: sub process_record { my ($obj, $record_hash) = @_; # do_stuff } my $records = XML::Simple->XMLin(@args)->{root}; foreach my $record (@$records) { $obj->process_record($record) }; As everyone knows XML::Simple is, well, simple. And more importantly, it is very slow and a memory hog—due to being a DOM parser and needing to build/store 100% of data in memory. So, it's not the best tool for parsing an XML file consisting of large amount of small records record-by-record. However, re-writing the entire code (which consist of large amount of "process_record"-like methods) to work with standard SAX parser seems like an big task not worth the resources, even at the cost of living with XML::Simple. I'm looking for an existing module which will probably be based on a SAX parser (or anything fast with small memory footprint) which can be used to produce $record hashrefs one by one based on the XML pictured above that can be passed to $obj->process_record($record) and be 100% identical to what XML::Simple's hashrefs would have been. I don't care much what the interface of the new module is; e.g whether I need to call next_record() or give it a callback coderef accepting a record.

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  • how to update an Android ListActivity on changing data of the connected SimpleCursorAdapter

    - by 4485670
    I have the following code. What I want to achieve is to update the shown list when I click an entry so I can traverse through the list. I found the two uncommented ways to do it here on stackoverflow, but neither works. I also got the advice to create a new ListActivity on the data update, but that sounds like wasting resources? EDIT: I found the solution myself. All you need to do is call "SimpleCursorAdapter.changeCursor(new Cursor);". No notifying, no things in UI-Thread or whatever. import android.app.ListActivity; import android.database.Cursor; import android.os.Bundle; import android.util.Log; import android.view.View; import android.widget.ListView; import android.widget.SimpleCursorAdapter; public class MyActivity extends ListActivity { private DepartmentDbAdapter mDbHelper; private Cursor cursor; private String[] from = new String[] { DepartmentDbAdapter.KEY_NAME }; private int[] to = new int[] { R.id.text1 }; private SimpleCursorAdapter notes; @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.departments_list); mDbHelper = new DepartmentDbAdapter(this); mDbHelper.open(); // Get all of the departments from the database and create the item list cursor = mDbHelper.fetchSubItemByParentId(1); this.startManagingCursor(cursor); // Now create an array adapter and set it to display using our row notes = new SimpleCursorAdapter(this, R.layout.department_row, cursor, from, to); this.setListAdapter(notes); } @Override protected void onListItemClick(ListView l, View v, int position, long id) { super.onListItemClick(l, v, position, id); // get new data and update the list this.updateData(safeLongToInt(id)); } /** * update data for the list * * @param int departmentId id of the parent department */ private void updateData(int departmentId) { // close the old one, get a new one cursor.close(); cursor = mDbHelper.fetchSubItemByParentId(departmentId); // change the cursor of the adapter to the new one notes.changeCursor(cursor); } /** * safely convert long to in to save memory * * @param long l the long variable * * @return integer */ public static int safeLongToInt(long l) { if (l < Integer.MIN_VALUE || l > Integer.MAX_VALUE) { throw new IllegalArgumentException (l + " cannot be cast to int without changing its value."); } return (int) l; } }

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  • Adding google.maps.latlng within a loop

    - by Mick Morrison
    I am new to Java Script. I am using it, in combination with Java Server Faces. I want to add some points to define a Polilyne using GoogleMaps Apiv3. My problem is that I can't add a FOR statement to the javascript, because it dumps. If I comment this FOR loop, it also dumps. The dump I am getting is: "javax.servlet.ServletException: null source". Has anyone any suggestion to solve this? Thanks in advance, Emanuel <script type="text/javascript"> function initialize() { var longit = "${dateRange.longitude}" ; var lat = "${dateRange.latitude}" ; var latlng = new google.maps.LatLng(lat, longit); var myOptions = { zoom: 15, center: latlng, mapTypeId: google.maps.MapTypeId.ROADMAP }; var map = new google.maps.Map(document.getElementById("map_canvas"), myOptions); var points = []; var cadena1 = "${dateRange.latArray}" ; var cadena2 = "${dateRange.longArray}" ; var latArray = cadena1.split('?'); var longArray = cadena2.split('?'); /* The code Below is the one that fails */ for (var i=0; i < latArray.length; i++) { points.push(new google.maps.LatLng(latArray[i], longArray[i])); } /* Finish of the error code */ // The Polilyne is created var mapPath = new google.maps.Polyline ({ path: points, strokeColor: "#FF0000", strokeOpacity: 1.0, strokeWeight: 4 }); mapPath.setMap(map); } </script> </head> <body onload="initialize()"> <h:graphicImage url="http://localhost:8080/gps_tracking/faces/resources/images/logo.jpg"> </h:graphicImage> <h1 align="center">Sol-Tech</h1><br /> <hr></hr> <div id="map_canvas" style="width:100%; height:100%"></div> </body>

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  • Combined sign in and registration page?

    - by Ryan
    This is somewhat against rails convention but I am trying to have one controller that manages both user session authentication and user registration. I am having troubles figuring out how to go about this. So far I am merging the User Controller and the Sessions Controller and having the 'new' method deliver both a new usersession and a new user instance. With the new routes in rails 3 though, I am having trouble figuring out how to generate forms for these items. Below is the code: user_controller.rb class UserController < ApplicationController def new @user_session = UserSession.new @user = User.new end def create_user @user = User.new(params[:user]) if @user.save flash[:notice] = "Account Successfully Registered" redirect_back_or_default signup_path else render :action => new end end def create_session @user_session = UserSession.new(params[:user_session]) if @user_session.save flash[:notice] = "Login successful!" redirect_back_or_default login_path else render :action => new end end end views/user/new.html.erb <div id="login_section"> <% form_for @user_session do |f| -%> <%= f.label :email_address, "Email Address" %> <%= f.text_field :email %> <%= f.label :password, "Password" %> <%= f.text_field :password %> <%= f.submit "Login", :disable_with => 'Logining...' %> <% end -%> </div> <div id="registration_section"> <% form_for @user do |f| -%> <%= f.label :email_address, "Email Address" %> <%= f.text_field :email %> <%= f.label :password, "Password" %> <%= f.text_field :password %> <%= f.label :password_confirmation, "Password Confirmation" %> <%= f.text_field :password_confirmation %> <%= f.submit "Register", :disable_with => 'Logining...' %> <% end -%> </div> I imagine I will need to use :url = something for those forms, but I am unsure how to specify. Within routes.rb I have yet to specify either Usersor UserSessions as resources (not convinced that this is the best way to do it... but I could be). I would like, however, the registration and login on the same page and have implemented this by doing the following: routes.rb match 'signup' => 'user#new' match 'login' => 'user#new' What's the best way to go about solving this?

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  • Using XAML + designer to edit Plain Old CLR Objects?

    - by Joe White
    I want to write a POCO in XAML, and use a DataTemplate to display that object in the GUI at runtime. So far, so good; I know how to do all that. Since I'll already have a DataTemplate that can transform my POCO into a WPF visual tree, is there any way to get the Visual Studio designer to play along, and have the Design View show me the POCO+DataTemplate's resulting GUI, as I edit the POCO's XAML? (Obviously the designer wouldn't know how to edit the "design view"; I wouldn't expect the Toolbox or click-and-drag to work on the design surface. That's fine -- I just want to see a preview as I edit.) If you're curious, the POCOs in question would be level maps for a game. (At this point, I'm not planning to ship an end-user map editor, so I'll be doing all the editing myself in Visual Studio.) So the XAML isn't WPF GUI objects like Window and UserControl, but it's still not something where I would want to blindly bang out some XAML and hope for the best. I want to see what I'm doing (the GUI map) as I'm doing it. If I try to make a XAML file whose root is my map object, the designer shows "Intentionally Left Blank - The document root element is not supported by the visual designer." It does this even if I've defined a DataTemplate in App.xaml's <Application.Resources>. But I know the designer can show my POCO, when it's inside a WPF object. One possible way of accomplishing what I want would be to have a ScratchUserControl that just contains a ContentPresenter, and write my POCO XAML inside that ContentPresenter's Content property, e.g.: <UserControl ...> <ContentPresenter> <ContentPresenter.Content> <Maps:Map .../> </ContentPresenter.Content> </ContentPresenter> </UserControl> But then I would have to be sure to copy the content back out into its own file when I was done editing, which seems tedious and error-prone, and I don't like tedious and error-prone. And since I can preview my XAML this way, isn't there some way to do it without the UserControl?

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  • How to make html image clickable inside a TextView

    - by Gonan
    I have the following text in a string in the resources file: <a href="mailto:[email protected]">&lt;img src="mail_big" /&gt;</a> It shows the image fine (I implemented ImageGetter) but it is not clickable. I have tried adding the Linkify thingy but I don't think it's meant for this case, and so it doesn't work. The setMovementMethod doesn't work either. I have tried different combinations of the above: <a href="mailto:[email protected]">&lt;img src="mail_big" /&gt;hello</a> Here, even the "hello" part is not clickable (neither blue nor underlined). <a href="mailto:[email protected]"><img src="mail_big" /></a> This doesn't even show the image. &lt;a href="mailto:[email protected]"&gt;&lt;img src="mail_big" /&gt;&lt;/a&gt; If I just write the email, without the <a> tag it works perfectly, but I would like to use the image of an envelope that the user can click on. It's not possible to use an imagebutton because this text is in the middle of a string and so I can't split it. Any ideas? Thanks! EDIT: I found a solution or rather found how to do it correctly. All I had to do was adding the setMovementMethod call before the call to setText in the TextView and ALSO, and COMPLETELY NECESSARY, remove the attribute "android:autoLink="all" from the layout. Apparently, parsing mails and urls in a string is mutually exclusive to interpreting the link tags in a string. So one or the other but not both. Finally my layout is just a TextView with nothing special, just width and height. The activity is like this: TextView tv = (TextView)findViewById(R.id.about_text); tv.setMovementMethod(LinkMovementMethod.getInstance()); tv.setText(Html.fromHtml(getString(R.string.about_content), new ImageGetter(), null)); And the string is like this: <string name="about_content"><a href="mailto:[email protected]"><img src="mail" /></a></string>

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  • Passing objects to a UITypeEditor

    - by Kath
    I am currently hoping to use a PropertyGrid to allow users to edit some of my classes, however I've hit a wall with passing objects to the UITypeEditor(s) they use. When the user presses the drop down I want to show a listbox of already loaded textures to choose from, if they want to use a texture the application hasn't loaded yet they can click a button to choose one from a file dialog. In case I make no sense here a mock of the form: . My problem: To fill the listbox I need access to the class that manages the list of resources from the UITypeEditor. Now I've solved this problem for my own classes by giving them a reference on creation to their managing object. In the UITypeEditor I then use that reference to access what I need. However I can't do this for classes I haven't written, such as the XNA Texture2D class. Here are what the classes I'm using look like: class StaticGeometryChunk { // Geometry data to draw with. Contains a reference to its managing // class for use in its UITypeEditor. public GeometryData { get; set; } .... } class Material { // These are XNA classes. I can't just add a reference to its managing // class (I think?). public Texture2D Texture1 { get; set; } public Texture2D Texture2 { get; set; } .... } I've been looking at my options and they seem to be: Make the managing classes static. I don't really want to do this. There are several managing classes as each resource is loaded differently. There are also classes that need to be created before these and are passed in. Make the managing classes singletons. I don't really want to do this either. It seems like a quick and dirty way to "hide" the problem instead of "solve" it. I also might want the option of having several managing classes in the future which the singletons eliminate. Create a wrapper class which holds the reference to a managing class and its target (such as the XNA Texture2D). This is currently what I'm thinking of doing. Its would be quite simple and quick to do but something about it nags me but I don't know what. Any thoughts on the above or other methods to pass what I need into the UITypeEditor? Thank you for reading.

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  • List of checkboxes

    - by Andrea Girardi
    Hi all, Happy New Year to all. I'm a newbie in VB.NET and ASP.NET. This is my problem: I retrieve a list of records from DB and, for every row, I need to show 4 checkboxes. I can use a checkboxlist for every rows, but it's not so clear how I can process the results after the submit. I've some object and some operations available for that object. From database I extract a list of object with all operations. For every operation I want to show a check box to enable or disable the operation. The result is something like that: OBJ1 - url - [] [x] [] OBJ2 - url - [] [x] [x] On url I've an href to another page created using the Id retrieved from DB. To create that I used this code: <td class="column-filename"> <strong> <asp:Label runat="server" Text='<%#DataBinder.Eval(Container.DataItem, "GroupName")%>'></asp:Label> </strong> </td> <td align="left"> <span style="vertical-align:middle"> <asp:CheckBoxList runat="server" ID="operations" RepeatDirection="Horizontal" RepeatLayout="Table"> <asp:ListItem Text="View"></asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Text="Upload"></asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Text="Move"></asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Text="Delete"></asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Text="Rename"></asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem Text="Replace"></asp:ListItem> </asp:CheckBoxList> </span> </td> </asp> </asp> my problem is: how can I parse all checkboxes? could you help me or send me a link or any other resources to solve my issue? many thanks! Andrea

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  • Do You Really Know Your Programming Languages?

    - by Kristopher Johnson
    I am often amazed at how little some of my colleagues know or care about their craft. Something that constantly frustrates me is that people don't want to learn any more than they need to about the programming languages they use every day. Many programmers seem content to learn some pidgin sub-dialect, and stick with that. If they see a keyword or construct that they aren't familiar with, they'll complain that the code is "tricky." What would you think of a civil engineer who shied away from calculus because it had "all those tricky math symbols?" I'm not suggesting that we all need to become "language lawyers." But if you make your living as a programmer, and claim to be a competent user of language X, then I think at a minimum you should know the following: Do you know the keywords of the language and what they do? What are the valid syntactic forms? How are memory, files, and other operating system resources managed? Where is the official language specification and library reference for the language? The last one is the one that really gets me. Many programmers seem to have no idea that there is a "specification" or "standard" for any particular language. I still talk to people who think that Microsoft invented C++, and that if a program doesn't compile under VC6, it's not a valid C++ program. Programmers these days have it easy when it comes to obtaining specs. Newer languages like C#, Java, Python, Ruby, etc. all have their documentation available for free from the vendors' web sites. Older languages and platforms often have standards controlled by standards bodies that demand payment for specs, but even that shouldn't be a deterrent: the C++ standard is available from ISO for $30 (and why am I the only person I know who has a copy?). Programming is hard enough even when you do know the language. If you don't, I don't see how you have a chance. What do the rest of you think? Am I right, or should we all be content with the typical level of programming language expertise? Update: Several great comments here. Thanks. A couple of people hit on something that I didn't think about: What really irks me is not the lack of knowledge, but the lack of curiosity and willingness to learn. It seems some people don't have any time to hone their craft, but they have plenty of time to write lots of bad code. And I don't expect people to be able to recite a list of keywords or EBNF expressions, but I do expect that when they see some code, they should have some inkling of what it does. Few people have complete knowledge of every dark corner of their language or platform, but everyone should at least know enough that when they see something unfamiliar, they will know how to get whatever additional information they need to understand it.

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