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• Distribute terrabyte files to the public from web server

  - by MarkJ

  Hi We need to set up a website which makes two or three large files publicly available - the files will be 1 or 2 terrabytes each. Although they will be public, in practise I expect only a relatively small number of scientists will want to download them. What is the best way to allow this? I've had a quick talk to a web-hosting provider (rackspace) and they suggested a hybrid solution. An entry-level managed server (we predict fairly low traffic for the website, but we do need to install some custom CGI software). Some cloud storage which hooks into Limelight Networks. This would host the large files, for download by FTP. It sounded OK to me but I know relatively little about server administration. Does it make sense? Thanks in advance, Mark

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• Apache 2.4 with PHP-FPM

  - by tubaguy50035

  I'm trying to setup Apache 2.4 with PHP-FPM 5.4 using the new modules with Apache 2.4. The following is what I have currently in my virtual host file: <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin root@localhost DocumentRoot /var/www #Directory permissions <Directory /var/www/> Options Indexes FollowSymLinks MultiViews AllowOverride None Require all granted </Directory> CustomLog ${APACHE_LOG_DIR}/access.log combined </VirtualHost> I have PHP-FPM running using Unix sockets with a sock file located at /var/run/php5-fpm.sock. How do I proxy my requests to this sock file? I've seen some sites say to use ProxyPassMatch and others are saying Rewrite Rule. Are there pros or cons on either side? Also, most sites I'm seeing are showing ProxyPassMatch with a regex to only pass .php files. Could I also send it .html files? For whatever reason, we have a ton of PHP inside .html files. Edit: As noted in the comments, it looks like mod_proxy_fcgi doesn't support Unix sockets. Is there another module I should be using?

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• Moving web files to /home/user/ gives permission denied using apache

  - by Maaz

  I recently created some linux users on my machine and their respective directories were created in the following manner /home/my_user so I decided to treat each user as one of my websites. I moved all my website files over to this directory like so /home/my_user/public_html/. I edited the virtual host in my httpd.conf and changed the root directory folder so this is how that looks <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot "/home/my_user/public_html" ServerName mywebsite.com ServerAlias www.mywebsite.com ErrorLog "/var/log/httpd/mywebsite/error_log" CustomLog "/var/log/httpd/mywebsite/access_log" common </VirtualHost> Now this virtual host configuration was working perfectly fine with my older document root path that was located at /var/www/html/mywebsite/public_html but after changing that to what it is right now, I am getting a permission denied error. But I followed the instructions here: http://stackoverflow.com/questions/14427808/you-dont-have-permission-error-in-apache-in-centos Even after following the above instructions, when I run the following command: sudo -u apache ls /home/my_user/public_html The server responds with ls: cannot open directory /home/my_user/public_html: Permission denied Even so, I do not get a permissions denied error when I try to access my site any more, however, now I am redirected to the default page of apache instead of my website. I am not exactly sure what's wrong any more, if anyone has an idea, it would be great if you guys could help out!

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• Is there a way to have a working search bar in Explorer with Windows Search Service disabled?

  - by Desmond Hume

  I had to disable Windows Search Service (turn it off in Windows Features) for the reason that it was constantly using the hard drive in an excessive way (maybe because I've got very large quantities of files on my PC), noticeably slowing down my computer, and the Windows.edb database file grew way too large, about 2.5 GB in size. But the side-effect of it is that now the search bar is gone from any Explorer window and I miss this useful feature. So my question is, is there a way to stop Windows Search Service torturing my hard drive and still being able to search for files and folders directly from Explorer, perhaps using some third-party software?

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• Sudden problems with iptables not running

  - by Fourjays

  I've got a sudden issue with iptables not running on my CentOS 5.8/DirectAdmin XenVPS. All I have done today is install PHP APC and run an update (although I admittedly didn't pay much attention today - I usually do). Iptables has been running fairly smoothly since I installed it over 6 months ago. Basically when I try to run iptables -L it tells me: iptables v1.3.5: can't initialize iptables table `filter': iptables who? (do you need to insmod?) Perhaps iptables or your kernel needs to be upgraded. I've looked around and tried a few things and it appears that maybe my kernel doesn't have the modules loaded? I've been reading this and tried the two commands they suggest to no avail. Except there does appear to be a mismatch on one bit of output: -bash-3.2# cd /lib/modules -bash-3.2# ls 2.6.18-194.32.1.el5xen 2.6.18-238.5.1.el5xen 2.6.18-274.7.1.el5xen 2.6.39.1-cs-domU 2.6.18-238.12.1.el5xen 2.6.18-238.9.1.el5xen 2.6.37.2-cs-domU 3.0.1-cs-domU -bash-3.2# depmod -a WARNING: Couldn't open directory /lib/modules/2.6.18-274.18.1.el5xen: No such file or directory FATAL: Could not open /lib/modules/2.6.18-274.18.1.el5xen/modules.dep.temp for writing: No such file or directory Does this mean the versions are out of sync? If so, what are my next steps to getting this fixed? As you can probably tell I am still learning how to manage my server so please be very clear in all advice. Many thanks :)

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• Asus PCE-N53 11n N600 PCI-E Adapter on 3.x kernel

  - by CITguy

  Problem ASUS PCE-N53 wireless NIC doesn't work for latest versions of the linux kernel. How do I get it working on my system? (Note: I'm posting the answer I've found for others to use.) Installing Driver for Linux 3.x Kernel ASUS provides Linux drivers from their website, but it mentions that the driver supports "Linux Kernel 2.6.x", so it won't work without a some modifications to the driver code. Fortunately, an archlinux forum mentions similar problems and one user was able to create a patch for kernel 3.8.x that seems to work with kernel 3.11.x. Here's how I got it working: Prerequisites Ubuntu: sudo apt-get install build-essential Arch: sudo pacman -S base-devel Steps: 1. Download the driver from the ASUS website The download can be found under "Support Drivers & Tools". 2. Unzip the contents of the downloaded file cd into the new directory 3. Patch The arch forum mentions a 3.8 patch file that needs to be downloaded. Download rt5592sta_fix_64bit_3.8.patch to the current directory. tar -xvf {driver_source.tar.gz} cd into the directory created in previous step patch -p1 < ../rt5592sta_fix_64bit_3.8.patch 4. Compile NOTE: You will need to use sudo for it to compile properly. sudo make sudo make install sudo modprobe rt5592sta 5. Enjoy If all is well, you should now have a working card.

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• Give Access to a Subdirectory Without Giving Access to Parent Directories

  - by allquixotic

  I have a scenario involving a Windows file server where the "owner" wants to dole out permissions to a group of users of the following sort: \\server\dir1\dir2\dir3: Read & Execute and Write \\server\dir1\dir2: No permissions. \\server\dir1: No permissions. \\server: Read & Execute To my understanding, it is not possible to do this because Read & Execute permission must be granted to all the parent directories in a directory chain in order for the operating system to be able to "see" the child directories and get to them. Without this permission, you can't even obtain the security context token when trying to access the nested directory, even if you have full access to the subdirectory. We are looking for ways to get around this, without moving the data from \\server\dir1\dir2\dir3 to \\server\dir4. One workaround I thought of, but which I am not sure if it will work, is creating some sort of link or junction \\server\dir4 which is a reference to \\server\dir1\dir2\dir3. I am not sure which of the available options (if any) would work for this purpose if the user does not have Read & Execute permission on \\server\dir1\dir2 or \\server\dir1, but as far as I know, the options are these: NTFS Symbolic Link, Junction, Hard Link. So the questions: Are any of these methods suitable to accomplish my goal? Are there any other methods of linking or indirectly referencing a directory, which I haven't listed above, which might be suitable? Are there any direct solutions that don't involve granting Read & Execute to \\server\dir1 or \\server\dir2 but still allowing access to \\server\dir1\dir2\dir3?

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• Mercurial confusion - commit / push, backouts

  - by Madmanguruman

  I'm trying to set up a repository on a shared filesystem. I'm using Mercurial 2.1.2 on a Windows-based architecture. I start with an empty folder on the shared filesystem and create a repository in it. After this, I dump in the baseline files, and add them to versioning, then commit the changes. I then clone the repository to my local hard drive. I then make a change in my local repository, commit it, then push back to the shared filesystem repository. The shared repo graph I get in TortoiseHG looks strange (to me). This is the shared repo: This is the local repo: On the shared repo, the working directory always shows up on the top, then the graph goes 'down' to rev. 0 then back 'up' again through various revisions. It looks to me like I have two different branches, even though everything is on the default branch. Also, that 'top' revision always says "* Working Directory * Not a head revision!" I noticed that in my local repository, I don't get that dangling working directory at the top of the list - everything is in one branch. I also noticed that on my local repository, I can back out the tip revision with no problem. On the shared filesystem repository, I cannot, since I get an error ("Cannot backout change on a different branch"). How can this be? Aren't they supposed to be identical to each other? Am I fundamentally doing something wrong?

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• Funnelling http traffic

  - by spencer p

  I have a situation where a large batch of servers (X), on demand, need to request data from a smaller set of web servers (Y). The worst case scenario is if all servers in X decide to fetch different requests to one server in Y. That would be X amount of connections, which could be a very large burst of traffic. The best case scenario is if 1 server in X hit 1 server in Y in tandem. Life does not work like this. One idea to entertain is placing a proxy, similar to squid between X and Y. All of X servers can connect to this proxy, but would result in a few persistent (http keepalive) connections to Y. If The few were say, 3 or 4, then it would funnel. If we could then rate limit those connections and traffic decides to spike unusually high, we wouldn't hurt anyone but ourselves. Thoughts?

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• Best network tuning variables for a Linux proxy

  - by smarthall

  What are the best settings to tune so that Linux can handle a very large amount of TCP connections such as would be seen by a proxy server or a webserver? I'm using Centos6 and squid and am seeing a large amount of TIME_WAIT connections backing up until finally the machine stops responding. The machine isn't loaded at the time, and is having trouble making ingoing and outgoing connections. I've had several suggestions of tuning /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_tw_reuse and /proc/sys/net/ipv4/tcp_tw_reuse but they mention bad interactions with load balancers and NAT both of which are used in my situation.

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• Weird Apache behaviour and with files again

  - by afifio

  Hi and thanks for stopping by. I have read Weird Apache problem with file, I have read Weird Apache problem with file ...and its not the problem Setup single XAMPP installation on Windows, single windows user, 2HD, 1 is a portable USB. All is fine, until I move the xampp to new portable HD Symptom Old php files - works fine, new one doesnt http://127.0.0.1/Ajax/index.php - yay http://127.0.0.1/test2/t.php - display the source code http://127.0.0.1/Ajax/test2/t.php - display the source code http://127.0.0.1/Ajax/t.php - display the source code Extra Info IIS+MS Web Development stuff, .NET4, Asp, etc is being installed and still hast reboot yet. .htaccess also seems doesnt work Apache2 conf file was modified to Averride All and still it doesnt care. One of the directory supposed to treat .htm as php yet got text, created another directory and edit a phpinfo, still another text, browse to phpmyadmin, viola, works fine Suspect Does Apache honour XP security and permission ? If so, this is a single user computer. Does Apache dont like my new hard disk/new place ? Why it doesnt execute the php in new directory but happily execute in old folder ? Thanks for the riddle answers

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• What is "queued Windows Error Reporting"?

  - by Rewinder

  I was cleaning up my laptop hard-disk, running Windows 7, and as part of the process I ran the Disk Cleanup utility. To my surprise I saw 2 items in the list that were quite large (both ~300MB). Per user queued Windows Error Reporting System queued Windows Error Reporting I guess I had never noticed these, because they were never that big. So, what are these items? Any particular reason why they became so large all of a sudden? And finally, is it safe to remove them?

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• cat contents of one file into another file

  - by Attila O.

  I have a large (binary) file that has some corruption near the beginning. Then, I have a second, smaller file that I obtain by starting to download the same file again, but interrupt after I have enough bytes to fix the original one. My question is, how do I simply overwrite the beginning of the large file with the contents of the second, smaller file? I could use cat, tail and head, but that would create a copy of the file. There must be a more efficient way. Oh yes, and I'm looking for a linux command-line solution, if that wasn't obvious. I'm using bash, but I have other shells if that helps.

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• Error on LDAP Login - xsessions error - Session lasted less than 10 seconds

  - by Draineh

  I have two machines both running CentOS 5.6 64bit. On the LDAP Machine it has a DHCP, BIND and OpenLDAP Server. LDAP is correctly configured and users can authenticate against it. Using root I configure machine 2 to use LDAP for authentication and when trying to log in it successfully authenticates against a saved user on the LDAP Server but produces the following errors and then throws me back to the login screen. I can still sign in as root and use the machine as normal. The syslog doesn't show any errors and I disabled SELinux to see if it was interfering. The error; Your session only lasted less than 10 seconds. If you have not lgoged out yourself, this could mean that there is some installation problem or that you may be out of diskspace. Try logging in with one of the failsafe sessions to see if you can fix this problem. There is then a tickbox to view the contents of ~/.xsessions-errors which contains; /etc/gdm/PreSession/Default: Registering your session with utmp /etc/gdm/PreSession/Default: running: /usr/bin/sessreg -a -u /var/run/utmp -x "/var/gdm:0:Xservers" -h "" -l ":0" "admin" localuser:admin being added to access control list No profile for user 'admin' found /bin/sh: /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session /etc/X11/Xinit/Xclients: No such file or directory /bin/sh: line 0: exec: /usr/bin/dbus-launch --exit-with-session /etc/X11/xinit/Xclients: cannot execute: No such file or directory Apologies if someone notices something isn't spelt quite right or doesn't sound right, the system never actually creates or saves this file so I have had to type it across from the screen. Through the authentication panel in CentOS on the client I have set it to create the users home directory on login. The user is being correctly authenticated and the /home/admin folder has been created but this error would suggest it has not? The client is a new install on an 80gb hard drive so there is well over 80% of the drive still available. Thanks for any suggestions or pointers.

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• Unable to delete files in Temporary Internet Files folder

  - by Johnny

  I'm on Win7. I have a large number of of large .bin files, totaling 183GB, in my Temporary Internet Files folder. They all seem to come from video sharing sites like youtube. The files are invisible in Explorer even after allowing viewing of hidden files. The only way I can see them is by issuing "dir /fs" on the command line. Now when I try to delete them from the command line nothing happens. Trying to delete the whole folder from Explorer results in access denied because another process is using a file in the folder (IE is not running while I'm doing this). Trying to clear the folder using IE is also unsuccessful. How do I delete these files? How did they end up being there without being deleted by IE?

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• How Do You Stress-Test Your Hard Drives?

  - by MetaHyperBolic

  When looking for large new drives (= 1 TB) on newegg and the like, I note a number of reviews talking about drives being either D.O.A. or hitting the Click of Death (or even releasing the Magic Smoke) within a week or so of use. A portion of the reviews mention this phenomenon whether the drive in question is Western Digital or Hitachi or whatever. For those of you using Windows, what do you to: 1) Place a large initial stress on the drive to see if it can take it? For how long? 2) Test the drive afterwards (presumably with some sort of S.M.A.R.T. tool or others) to see if any negative changes have been noted? Note: This is one component of a larger plan for both high-availability and backups for my home data.

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• Postfix auto create Maildir

  - by Eugene

  I've been beating my head against a wall for a while now on this one. Basically, here is the rundown: Our MX record points to a frontend SMTP server, which contains aliases for actually routing the mail. No alias, no access to the backend storage server, which is what our clients connect to. I'm upgrading the backend email server. Currently, a user is created for every email user on the server, which creates the mailbox. On the new server, everything autheticates through PAM to an LDAP server (all of which is working properly). My goal is to get Postfix to create the Maildir directory for the user automatically. This works fine when I have the /home directory with 777 permissions, but for obvious reasons, this should be avoided. I would like to do this with 775 permissions on /home with a group owner of whatever user Postfix is running as, but I can't seem to figure out what user to use. With the 777 permissions, the /home/$user/Maildir directory is created on message delivery. Does anybody know how I can do this without 777 permissions? The system I am working on is a 64-bit Debian Lenny 5.07 install. Any advice would be appreciated.

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• Datacenter Backup Strategy

  - by EasyEcho

  What are common approaches to backup solutions in remote data centers? I am already familiar with general backup principals and have a very good backup strategy for our local data center but am having great difficulty extending it to a remote data center. We currently do a full backup on Friday, differential Mon - Thu, rotate offsite Friday morning ...rinse and repeat week after week. BTW, we use disks and have been very happy with this approach. We could buy a large storage server and backup everything to it, but this solution doesn't give you offsite. We could encrypt and upload to Amazon or some other online storage but that would take a large amount of time given the data and would be rather expensive paying for the bandwidth leaving the data center and receiving at amazon. We could drive to the data center every Friday and continue to rotate disks as we do now. But that just seems old fashion. What am I missing, are there better options?

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• Common folder in linux

  - by rks171

  I have two users on my Ubuntu machine. I want to share some media files between these users, so I created a directory in /home/ called 'media'. I made the group 'media' and I added my user 'rks171' to the group 'media'. So: sudo groupadd media sudo mkdir -p /home/media sudo chown -R root.media /home/media sudo chmod g+s /home/media As was described in this post. Then, I added my user to the group: sudo usermod -a -G media rks171 Then I also added write permission to this folder for my group: sudo chmod -R g+w media So now, doing 'ls -lh' gives: drwxrwsr-x 2 root media 4.0K Oct 6 09:46 media I tried to copy pictures to this new directory from my user directory: mv /home/rks171/Pictures/* /home/media/ And I get 'permission denied'. I can't understand what's wrong. If I simply type, 'id', it doesn't show that my user, rks171, is part of the 'media' group. But if I type, 'id rks171', then it does show that my user, rks171, is part of the 'media' group. Anybody have any ideas why I can't get an files into this common folder?

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• Setting up apache vhost for Icinga

  - by DKNUCKLES

  It's been a while since I've worked with Apache so please be kind - I'm also aware of this question but it hasn't been much help to me. I'd like to set up a simple vHost w/ Apache for my Icinga instance. Icinga is up and running and I can access it from x.x.x.x/icinga, however would like to be able to access it externally as well as internally. I have set up the /etc/hosts file and the following is my barebones vhost statement in httpd.conf <VirtualHost *:80> ServerAdmin [email protected] DocumentRoot /usr/share/icinga ServerName icinga.domain.com ErrorLog logs/icinga.com-error_log CustomLog logs/dummy-host.example.com-access_log common </VirtualHost> I also have the following in my .htaccess file <Directory> Allow From All Satisfy Any </Directory> An entry has been made for the instance in the Windows DNS server on my network, however when I try to access the site by URL I am greeted with Internal Server Error. Reviewing the /var/log/icinga.com-error_log I see the following entry. [Thu Dec 13 16:04:39 2012] [alert] [client 10.0.0.1] /usr/share/icinga/.htaccess: <Directory not allowed here Can someone help me spot the error of my ways?

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• Mounting fuse sshfs fails when invoked by Cron on FreeBSD 9.0

  - by Tal

  I have a remote server filesystem that I'm attempting to mount locally on a FreeBSD 9 machine via FUSE sshfs, and Cron for a backup routine. I have ssh keys between the boxes setup to allow for passwordless login as the root user on the local machine. Cron is set to run the following script (in Root's crontab): #!/bin/sh echo "Mounting Share" /usr/local/bin/sshfs -C -o reconnect -o idmap=user -o workaround=all <remote user>@<remote domain>.com: /mnt/remote_server As root, I can run this script on the command line without issue, and without being asked for a password the share mounts successfully. Yet, when run by Cron the script fails. The path to sshfs is identical to the value of which sshfs Here is the email root receives from the Cron Daemon: X-Cron-Env: <SHELL=/bin/sh> X-Cron-Env: <HOME=/root> X-Cron-Env: <PATH=/usr/bin:/bin> X-Cron-Env: <LOGNAME=root> X-Cron-Env: <USER=root> Mounting Share fuse: failed to exec mount program: No such file or directory fuse: failed to mount file system: No such file or directory I'm stumped as to why I'm receiving No such file or directory in this instance. It further seems odd given that the paths appear to be correct. I've also attempted to compare the output of env on the shell with env inserted into the script. I don't see any environment variables that should cause this trouble. At bootup, FUSE reports its version as: fuse4bsd: version 0.3.9-pre1, FUSE ABI 7.8 Help me ServerFault wizards, you're my only hope!

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• One Way Sync with Dropbox?

  - by user244805

  Is there any way I can mirror a dropbox folder to my C drive by just running a portable file? Extra background information because I know you guys hate it when you don't get the entire situation: I go back to University in fall and I need a new storage solution. I decided to use DropBox to sync my tiny University files (< 5 MB). I need to access these files from 4 machines: Windows 7 Home machine Windows 7 University A machine Windows 7 University B machine Android tablet 1 and 4 are a non-issue. The problem lies with 2 and 3. I want to be able to edit my files on 2 and 3 but those machines are not mine. There is an easy fix. Run a portable version of the DropBox syncer on a USB drive. But the problem is that I don't want to carry a USB drive around with me all the time. In that case, I can just run the small portable DropBox syncer off the internet. But where will it to store the files? A temporary directory on the C drive. There is only one issue left: there are hundreds of machines that I will randomly use that fit in categories 2 and 3. My portable DropBox syncer will notice that the temporary directory is empty on each new PC I use and instead of downloading my DropBox folder to the machine, it syncs the other way around i.e. it deletes my entire DropBox. The solution is to mirror my DropBox onto the temporary directory before running the DropBox syncer.

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• I need to take the first three letters of a filename and set it into a text file, in a certain fashion. How can I do this?

  - by JuniorD

  Okay, so I need to take the first three letters of a file from a list of files, and place this into a text file in a certain manner. I will provide examples below. Lets say that I have two file names in the same directory, one called cougar.txt and the other bear.txt. These are in the animals directory. I need to take the first three letters of these words, and transpose them into a text file along with the directory, in the following format: BEA = "animals/bear.txt" COU = "animals/cougar.txt" This should happen with any random thing that might be in the list. I'm fairly new to this sort of coding, so I'm not quite sure which language to use, and I'm learning as I go. This new challenge seems fairly daunting to me, and I would be much appreciated if you guys could help. Also, I'm using Windows 7. Been attempting at this all day, to no avail. Preferably done in batch, but if that is impossible I'm open to recommendations.

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• internet speed and routers are controlled by whom

  - by Ozgun Sunal

  i need to learn two things. each is related to other a bit. The first one is, while our LAN speed is usually 100 Mbps or at gigabit levels(very big compared to WAN speeds), WAN speed for instance DSL connections are far less than this. However, we are able to download huge files at those Mb speeds. Isn't this weird? [my real concern is why WAN speed is lower than LAN speeds] Who controls those routers around the large Internet? (while we, as web clients are connected to Internet, packets travel through those routers to the destination network/s).But, are those routers all inside the ISP network and if not, who controls those large numbers of routers?

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• Load testing nginx inside AWS

  - by andy

  I'm trying to load test nginx running on AWS. I need to try to optimise it to handle 1Gbps of inbound traffic. Currently I've got it to peak at 85Mbit/s by running nginx on an m1.large with 4 other machines hitting it by using ab with -i (for head requests) -k (keepalives) -r (ignore failed requests) -n 500000 -c 20000. I'm struggling to generate more than 85 Mbit/s traffic from 4 machines, yet when I do scp a large file I get nearly 0.25Gbit/s of traffic going over the network. Are there any tools or approaches that I could use to load test nginx that might generate more load? I'm only interested in inbound traffic, so perhaps a DoS tool could help if it chucks away responses? I'm hitting a very small (40 byte) static asset, and have peaked at handling 50K concurrent connections and getting 25k reqs/s when just using a single load generator machine.

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