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• Using NOPASSWD for specific commands in sudoers file, PASSWD for all others

  - by jberryman

  I would like to configure sudo such that users can run some specific commands without entering a password (for convenience) and can run all other commands by entering a password. This is what I have, but this does not work; a password is always required: Defaults env_reset Defaults timestamp_timeout = 1 root ALL=(ALL:ALL) ALL # Allow members of group sudo to execute any command %sudo ALL=(ALL:ALL) NOPASSWD: /usr/sbin/pm-suspend, /usr/bin/apt-get, PASSWD: ALL #includedir /etc/sudoers.d Note that this is a debian system which uses this adding users to the "sudo" group method. Thanks.

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• Transfer files using ssh

  - by zozo

  Good day to all. I am using ssh (winSCP) to transfer some files from a server to my workstation. The problem is that at some files I get disconnected. Always same files. I am the owner of the directory so I guess the file permissions is not a problem. (Also I set the permissions to 777). Is there a size limit or something like that? Thank you for your time. Protocol is SFTP, server is 32bit machine. Files are 100MB tops. Added: Worked with filezilla using ftp. This temporarily fix the problem but is not exactly a solution since maybe next time I won't have root access to create a ftp account

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• How to add timestamp to the logfilename with the apache log4j

  - by swati

  I am new to using apache logger . I have downloaded the log4j-xx and i have the following text configuration file # Set root logger level to DEBUG and its only appender to mainFormat. log4j.rootLogger = TRACE, mainFormat, FILE # mainFormat is set to be a ConsoleAppender. log4j.appender.mainFormat=org.apache.log4j.ConsoleAppender # mainFormat uses PatternLayout. log4j.appender.mainFormat.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.mainFormat.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p %c - %m%n #File makes a file of the output. log4j.appender.FILE=org.apache.log4j.FileAppender log4j.appender.FILE.File=log4j_HAPR001_OutputFile.log log4j.appender.FILE.layout=org.apache.log4j.PatternLayout log4j.appender.FILE.layout.ConversionPattern=%d [%t] %-5p %c - %m%n i use the above config file to create the log file. Now i wanted to add the current time stamp to the log file. Is there any way to do this. If yes can some one please give me the instructions how to do. Thanks in advance. Regards, Swati

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• Using the right folder for the right job. Article link, please?

  - by Droogans

  There are specific folders designed for specific tasks. /var/www holds your web sites, /usr/bin contains files to run your applications...yet I still find myself putting nearly all of my work in ~. Is it possible to overuse my home directory? Will it come back to haunt me? Anyone have a good link to an article of best practices for organizing your files so that they are placed in their "correct" place? Is there even such a thing in Linux? I am referring specifically to user-generated content. I do not compile applications from source, I use apt-get for those tasks. This article has a great introduction to what I'm looking for. Table 3-2, "Subdirectories of the root directory" is the sort of thing I'm looking for, but with more details/examples.

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• Sensitive data in init scripts

  - by Steve Jorgensen

  I'm adapting some examples I've found by Googling to build an init script to run a VirtualBox OSE virtual machine as a daemon. I would like to specify a password for VNC access to the VM, and this must be given as an argument to the VBoxHeadless command. Conventionally, init scripts are readable by standard users, and this seems like a useful convention, but I also don't want the VNC password for this VM to be stored in easily accessible plain text. What's the most appropriate/conventional way to handle this kind of situation? Maybe put a root-readable supporting data file someplace, and have the init script load the value from there?

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• Making GRUB see RAID 0 under Ubuntu 10.10 LiveCD

  - by unknownthreat

  I just installed Windows 7 recently, and I expect that it would alter GRUB and it did. I've been following some guides around and I am always stuck at GRUB not able to detect the usual RAID content. I've tried running: sudo grub > root (hd0,0) GRUB complains it couldn't find my hard disk. So I tried: find (hd0,0) And it complains that it couldn't find anything. So I tried: find /boot/grub/stage1 It said "file not found". So what now? How can we make GRUB see RAID 0 under Ubuntu 10.10 LiveCD?

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• Very Large number of connections in TIME_WAIT state; Server is slow, ipconntrac

  - by Sparsh Gupta

  I have a nginx server with load balancing and reverse proxy. Right now its behing another nginx but very soon I plan to make it front, where it will receive TCP connections from clients directly at a rate of 500req/second I am having some big troubles with the server. I have pasted my configurations here and I am kinda sure that the problem is with ipconntrac and similar things which are alient to me http://paste.org/pastebin/view/28543 root@load_balancer:/proc/sys/net/ipv4# netstat -an|awk '/tcp/ {print $6}'|sort|uniq -c 67 CLOSING 727 ESTABLISHED 173 FIN_WAIT1 183 FIN_WAIT2 19 LAST_ACK 5 LISTEN 447 SYN_RECV 1 SYN_SENT 27970 TIME_WAIT Its a ubuntu machine with mainly nginx (load balancer and reverse proxy) installed. It surely isnt great. Can you help me understand whats going on and how can I fix it. This is my live server and I am sure its in a bad shape right now. Any document or commands to fix this, or settings I should make to make this better and reduce time wait and fin_wait1/2 better would be awesome.

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• allowing index access only with .htaccess

  - by YsoL8

  Hello I have this in my .htaccess file, in the site root: Options -Indexes <directory ../.*> Deny from all </directory> <Files .htaccess> order allow,deny deny from all </Files> <Files index.php> Order allow,deny allow from all </Files> What I'm trying to achieve is to block folder and file access to anything that isn't called index.php, regardless of which directory is accessed. I have the folder part working perfectly and the deny from all rule is working as well - but my attempt to allow access to index.php is failing. Basically could someone tell me how to get it working?

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• allowing index access only with .htaccess

  - by Oliver Nourish

  Hello I have this in my .htaccess file, in the site root: Options -Indexes <directory ../.*> Deny from all </directory> <Files .htaccess> order allow,deny deny from all </Files> <Files index.php> Order allow,deny allow from all </Files> What I'm trying to achieve is to block folder and file access to anything that isn't called index.php, regardless of which directory is accessed. I have the folder part working perfectly and the deny from all rule is working as well - but my attempt to allow access to index.php is failing. Basically could someone tell me how to get it working?

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• allowing index access only with .htaccess

  - by YsoL8

  Hello I have this in my .htaccess file, in the site root: Options -Indexes <directory ../.*> Deny from all </directory> <Files .htaccess> order allow,deny deny from all </Files> <Files index.php> Order allow,deny allow from all </Files> What I'm trying to achieve is to block folder and file access to anything that isn't called index.php, regardless of which directory is accessed. I have the folder part working perfectly and the deny from all rule is working as well - but my attempt to allow access to index.php is failing. Basically could someone tell me how to get it working?

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• Bash Completion Problem with sudo on Ubuntu VPS

  - by gokdemir

  I have a VPS from Linode. I deployed Ubuntu 10.04 server. I added a user and put it sudoers file. when I write as a user apti <TAB> it comletes with tab to aptitude <TAB> but when I continue to aptitude upd <TAB> it didnt complete but on my desktop it works great. Even worse if I try same command with sudo sudo apti <TAB> does not work I checked .basrc and /etc/bash.basrc completion is commented out so what is wrong. By the way when I root it works

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• Installing maven on Ubuntu by manual download

  - by WebDevHobo

  To install Maven, I downloaded the latest version from the website and then followed these steps: http://maven.apache.org/download.html#Installation The last step, the version control, does not work. It says that 'mvn' is currently not installed and that I should type sudo apt-get install maven2 If I go directly to the mvn file itself, it does work: root@ubuntu:~# /usr/local/apache-maven/apache-maven-2.2.1/bin/mvn --version Apache Maven 2.2.1 (r801777; 2009-08-06 12:16:01-0700) Java version: 1.6.0_21 Java home: /usr/java/jdk1.6.0_21/jre Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8 OS name: "linux" version: "2.6.32-25-generic" arch: "i386" Family: "unix" So, what am I doing wrong here? Or what would and apt-get install do extra that I might have forgotten?

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• Windows/Samba connection error

  - by Gomibushi

  I have a Linux fileserver serving up /home for linux and windows users. I was able to connect from my windows client, but not from a DC. Then suddenly I could connect from the DC too. The linux servers run Centrify clients, and as such are part of the domain. All on same subnet. This is what the the log.smbd says, repeatedly: [2010/02/11 11:25:57, 0] lib/util_sock.c:read_data(534) read_data: read failure for 4 bytes to client 192.168.200.3. Error = Connection reset by peer On Windows it appeared as an "unknown error". EDIT: the error code is "0x80004005". We are developing a system depended on the samba share, and are worried this will appear again. It would be nice to pin point the root of this. Any ideas what this might be? Places to look?

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• mail server administration

  - by kibs

  MY postfix does not show that it is listening to the smtp daemon getting mesaage below: The message WAS NOT relayed Reporting-MTA: dns; mail.mak.ac.ug Received-From-MTA: smtp; mail.mak.ac.ug ([127.0.0.1]) Arrival-Date: Wed, 19 May 2010 12:45:20 +0300 (EAT) Original-Recipient: rfc822;[email protected] Final-Recipient: rfc822;[email protected] Action: failed Status: 5.4.0 Remote-MTA: dns; 127.0.0.1 Diagnostic-Code: smtp; 554 5.4.0 Error: too many hops Last-Attempt-Date: Wed, 19 May 2010 12:45:20 +0300 (EAT) Final-Log-ID: 23434-08/A38QHg8z+0r7 undeliverable mail MTA BLOCKED OUTPUT FROM lsof -i tcp:25 command master 3014 root 12u IPv4 9429 TCP *:smtp (LISTEN) (Postfix as a user is missing )

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• How to make an ISO copy of Linux-filesystem and user files of VPS Debian based?

  - by moogeek

  Hello! I have a Debian-Based VPS on some hosting. I want to migrate from it and i need to make a full copy of all Linux-filesystem (and installed packages) + all home directory with website files. And then pack/convert it to ISO image so that to use it on cloud hostings like Amazon. The problem is that i have only ssh root access. Hosting support can't do that for me. Another part of the question - is it possible to enlarge the Linux-filesystem by not re-installing it and using the free space of home directory? Is it possible to do? I guess it is possible with rsync or something like that. Will my Mysql databes copy together with all other data? Thanks in advance!

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• How to make an ISO copy of Linux-filesystem and user files of VPS Debian based?

  - by moogeek

  Hello! I have a Debian-Based VPS on some hosting. I want to migrate from it and i need to make a full copy of all Linux-filesystem (and installed packages) + all home directory with website files. And then pack/convert it to ISO image so that to use it on cloud hostings like Amazon. The problem is that i have only ssh root access. Hosting support can't do that for me. Another part of the question - is it possible to enlarge the Linux-filesystem by not re-installing it and using the free space of home directory? Is it possible to do? I guess it is possible with rsync or something like that. Will my Mysql databes copy together with all other data? Thanks in advance!

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• I need a few minutes of dedicated server a week, but not for hosting, just to convert ogg etc.

  - by talkingnews

  I'm completely happy with my webhosting, it's just that I need to do one little thing they won't allow, and that's run an instance of Sox to convert about 30 mp3s to ogg files, in various directories, a couple of times a week, to be done automatically in response to the detection of the upload of an mp3. Probably looking at a minute of server time over the whole week. I've had unhelpful suggestions on other forums like "why not leave your home PC on 24 hours a day and then use all your isp bandwidth to do this", which doesn't work for me. I know that I can host files on, say, Amazon S3, but is there something similar for my needs? All it would need to do would be: wget/ftp the mp3 files, convert them to ogg, ftp the files back to my hosting. Of course, all this wouldn't be needed if there was such a thing as a compiled binary of Sox (or any mp3ogg converter) for Centos which I could upload without needing root access, but I've given up asking that one, but always open to suggestions!

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• Screen multiuser - Permission denied

  - by Zlug

  I'm trying to send input to a screen session from php. So far I have followed the steps explained here Is running GNU Screen suid root the only way to make multiuser mode work? And I have set "multiuser on" and "acladd www-data" in the screenrc file (or well, no. in another file that I use by the -c option but still) My problem now is that whenever i try to acess screen by php exec('screen -S user/session -p 0 -X stuff "test"'."\n", $ret); I get the error: Cannot opendir /var/run/screen/S-user: Permission denied

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• Nginx/FPM/PHP all php files say 'File not found.'

  - by Boon

  i just installed nginx 1.1.13 and php 5.4.0 on a centos 5.8 final 64bit machine. Nginx and PHP/Fpm are running, and I can run php scripts via ssh command line, but in the browser I keep getting 'File not found.' errors on all my PHP files. This is how I have my nginx.conf handle PHP scripts: location ~ \.php$ { root /opt/nginx/html; fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/fpm.sock; fastcgi_index index.php; fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /opt/nginx/html$fastcgi_script_name; include fastcgi_params; } This is a direct copy/paste from my other servers, where it works fine with this setup (but they run older versions of php/fpm). Why am I getting those errors?

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• Simulating a low-bandwidth, high-latency network connection on Linux

  - by Justin L.

  I'd like to simulate a high-latency, low-bandwidth network connection on my Linux machine. Limiting bandwidth has been discussed before, e.g. here, but I can't find any posts which address limiting both bandwidth and latency. I can get either high latency or low bandwidth using tc. But I haven't been able to combine these into a single connection. In particular, the example rate control script here doesn't work for me: # tc qdisc add dev lo root handle 1:0 netem delay 100ms # tc qdisc add dev lo parent 1:1 handle 10: tbf rate 256kbit buffer 1600 limit 3000 RTNETLINK answers: Operation not supported How can I create a low-bandwidth, high-latency connection, using tc or any other readily-available tool?

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• Java application server behind IIS 7.5 on Windows Server 2008

  - by perissf

  I have a Java application server (GlassFish, indeed, but the problem is the same for any other application server, I guess), running on port 8080. And I have IIS 7.5 listening on port 80 as by default configuration. I want to avoid people typing the port because it's unprofessional. So I want that when somebody types http://myserver the traffic is directed to IIS. And this is how it already works now. But I also want that when somebody types http://myserver/java the traffic is directed to port 8080 and consequently my GlassFish splash screen is displayed. If I have deployed an application on GlassFish under context root app1, typing http://myserver/java/app1 should access the application. How can I do this? I have tried with adding some rules with the URL Rewrite utility from IIS7.5 UI, but this shows the port after the rule has rewritten the url, and I want to avoid it.

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• Recovering files that do not appear in the Recycle Bin, but are in the $Recycle.bin folder on external drive

  - by Zach Morgan

  Problem: I have an NTFS external drive with a $Recycle.bin folder on the root (E:/$Recycle.bin/) that has about 70gb worth of data. For whatever reason, the folder is no longer a hidden system file and no Windows machine I have used the drive on will show the files in the actual Recycle Bin. What I Want To Do: I want to atleast view the recycle bin files from this external, and all of the help articles I have read just talk about deleting the folder all together. I plan on reformating the drive, but first I need to see if there are any important deleted files. What Didn't Work: Recuva - didn't see any of my files Resetting the external's Recycle Bin via command prompt and moving the old $Recycle.bin files into the new external $Recycle.bin folder (I didn't read this anywhere, just made it up on my own)

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• Any "Magic Tricks" For Getting Data Back After Windows 7 Install

  - by user163757

  My old man installed Windows 7 without making a proper backup, and now realizes he left behind some important data. He did a true "clean install", so there is no Windows.old folder in the root directory. However, I believe the format performed on the hard drive was only a quick format, so I am hoping there is some chance at data recovery. I took his hard drive out, and have spent a majority of the weekend researching data recovery options. I paid $70 for the GetDataBack software, but have had little success with it. I can see all of the files I want to restore, however they appear corrupt when I try to open them. With that all being said, does anyone know of a viable way to recover some of this data, or is it a lost cause all together?

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• Reset user passwd when you don't know it

  - by warren

  I have a small problem. I have shared keys setup on my domain, so I never type my password to login anymore. I've forgotten my password now. This is a problem because only my user can sudo. Password authentication for root has been disabled, so without my password, I cannot do maintenance on my web server. Is there a way to reset my password as my [now only] key-authenticated user? Specifically, can this be done on CentOS 4?

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• Directory and Sub Directory listing

  - by shekhar

  I am trying to list the directory name (only name, not full path) and sub directories (only name, not full path) inside it. There is only one level of sub directories. I used below script to do this: @echo off&setlocal enableextensions for /r "PATH" %%G in (.) do ( Pushd %%G for %%* in (.) do set MyDir=%%~n* echo %MyDir% popd ) endlocal&goto :eof The problem with the above script is that it is showing root directory with the full path. How can I just make it show the directories in relation to the one I am working in?

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