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  • Can someone provide a short code example of compiler bootstrapping?

    - by Jatin
    This Turing award lecture by Ken Thompson on topic "Reflections on Trusting Trust" gives good insight about how C compiler was made in C itself. Though I understand the crux, it still hasn't sunk in. So ultimately, once the compiler is written to do lexical analysis, parse trees, syntax analysis, byte code generation etc, a separate machine code is again written to do all that on compiler? Can anyone please explain with a small example of the procedure? Bootstrapping on wiki gives good insights, but only a rough view on it. PS: I am aware of the duplicates on the site, but found them to be an overview which I am already aware

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  • How to monitor outgoing server activity to detect malware?

    - by ted.strauss
    I have a website that has previously been victim of malware. I restored the site from an old backup and have made every effort to lock down the server. I have no way to be absolutely certain that the backup I used is clean, and I'm worried that this malware may re-appear. I would like to use a tool to monitor outgoing port activity to detect signs of malware activity. Unfortunately I'm using a server host that does not give me shell access, so I need to use a tool that can be installed via FTP and used via the browser. My site is Joomla :( so a Joomla extension with this capability would work, but I haven't found that yet. Any suggestions. Many thanks

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  • Is there a programming language with not a tree but tags idea behind OOP?

    - by kolupaev
    I'm thinking about tree structures, and I feel that I don't like them. It's like when you have a shop, then you try to put all products to tree-like catalog, and then you need to place one product to multiple categories, now you have multiple routing, bla-bla. I don't feel like everything in the world could be put to a tree. Instead, I like idea of tags. I would like to store everything with tags. With tags I could do much more. I can even simulate trees if I want. I want to have tag-based filesystem! But hey - modern OOP paradigm with inheritance is based on tree. I want to see how it is when you don't have such basement. Closest thing I found is mixins in some languages. Do you know what else is also about this ideas?

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  • XBRL - Moving from Production to Consumption

    - by jmorourke
    Here's an update on what’s new with XBRL and how it can actually benefit your organization versus adding extra time and costs to financial reporting.  On February 29th (leap day) of 2012 I attended the XBRL and Financial Analysis Technology Conference at Baruch College in NYC.  The event, which attracted over 300 XBRL gurus and fans was presented by XBRL US, The New York Society of Security Analysts’ Improved Corporate Reporting Committee, and Baruch College’s Robert Zicklin Center for Corporate Integrity.  The event featured keynotes from the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), and the CFA Institute as well as panels covering alternative research tools and data, corporate reporting to stakeholders and a demonstration of XBRL analysis tools.  The program culminated in a presentation of the finalists and the winner of the $20,000 XBRL Challenge.    Some of the key points made in the sessions included: The focus of XBRL tools is moving from production to consumption. As of February 2012, over 9000 companies are reporting in XBRL, with over 10 million facts filed to date XBRL taxonomy extensions have dropped from 27% to 11% making comparisons easier The SEC reports that XBRL makes it easier to analyze disclosures, focus on accounting issues XBRL is helping standards-setters like the FASB speed their analysis of impacts of proposed accounting rule changes Companies like Thomson Reuters report that XBRL is helping speed the delivery of data to clients The most interesting part of the program though, was the session highlighting the 5 finalists in the XBRL Challenge competition and the winning solution.  The XBRL Challenge was launched in 2011 as a means of spurring the development of more end-user tools to help with the consumption of XBRL-based financial information.       Over an 8-month process handled by 5 judges, there were 84 registrants, 15 completed submissions, 5 finalists and one winner of the challenge.  All of the solutions are open-sourced tools and most of them focus on consuming XBRL-based data.  The 5 finalists included: Advanced XBRL Processing from Oxide solutions – XBRL viewer for taxonomies, filings and company data with peer comparison capabilities. Arrelle – API for XBRL processes, supports SEC Validations, RSS Feeds to access filings etc. Calcbench – XBRL data analysis tool that can be embedded in other web applications.  This tool can combine XBRL filings with real-time market data. XBRL to XL – allows the importing of XBRL data into Microsoft Excel for analysis, comparisons.  Users start on the web and populate Excel with XBRL data. XBurble – allows users to search and view XBRL filings, export to Excel, merge for comparison, and includes a workflow interface. The winner of the $20,000 XBRL Challenge prize was CalcBench.  More information about the XBRL Challenge and the finalists can be found at www.XBRLUS.org/challenge XBRL for Sustainability Reporting – other recent news on the XBRL front was the announcement by the Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) of an XBRL taxonomy for Sustainability Reporting.  This taxonomy was co-developed by the GRI and Deloitte and is designed to make the consumption of data found in Sustainability Reports much easier.  Although there is no government mandate to file Sustainability Reports in XBRL format, organizations that do use the GRI guidelines for Sustainability Reporting are encouraged to tag and submit their data voluntarily to the GRI – who will populate a database with Sustainability Reporting data and make this available to the public.  For more information about this initiative, you can go to the GRI web site:  www.globalreporting.org. So how does all of this benefit corporate filers and investors?  Since its introduction, the consensus in the market is that XBRL has mainly benefited the regulators and investment analysts who need to consume and analyze large volumes of financial data.  But with the emergence of more end-user tools for consuming and analyzing XBRL-based data, and the ability to perform quick comparisons of one company versus its peers and competitors in an industry group, will soon accelerate the benefits to corporate finance staff, as well as individual investors.  This could apply to financial results tagged in XBRL, as well as non-financial information such as Sustainability Reporting – which over the long-term will likely be integrated with financial reporting.   And as multiple regulators and agencies in a country adopt the XBRL standard for corporate filings, more benefits will accrue as companies will be able to leverage one set of XBRL-based financial data for multiple regulatory filings.     For more information about the latest developments in XBRL, check out the XBRL US or XBRL International web sites:  www.xbrl.org, www.xbrlus.org. For more information about what Oracle is doing to support XBRL, here are some links: http://www.oracle.com/us/solutions/ent-performance-bi/disclosure-management-065892.html http://www.oracle.com/technetwork/database/features/xmldb/index-087631.html Feel free to contact me if you have any questions or need more information:  [email protected]

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  • How to use American English spelling dictionary in Firefox?

    - by mmr
    My Firefox spellchecker was complaining this morning that I spelled 'neighbor' in the American English style, not the British English style ('neighbour'). Same is true for color (colour), analyze (analyse), etc. I've checked in the edit-preferences-content-language tab, and en-us is selected. I also found this link here: http://ubuntuforums.org/showthread.php?t=1013043 Suggesting that there's some kind of system panel I can use to ensure that I've got the right language, but I can't see where that is (I guess that's for an older Ubuntu that let people get to system settings). So either the dictionary for Firefox for en-us is corrupted, just a copy of the British English dictionary, or somehow the setting isn't propagated properly. How can I get the American dictionary back?

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  • Is there a way to procedurally generate the history of a world?

    - by pdusen
    I am somewhat intrigued by the diagram found here representing 1800 years of cultural history in an imaginary world some guy created. This sort of thing would seem to have strong applications for game development, insofar as world design. It looks like he did this diagram by hand. What I'm interested in is seeing if there is a way to create this sort of diagram programatically. If you were tasked with generating diagrams in the style of the above from random values, how would you go about it? Are there any particular data structures or algorithms that you would consider?

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  • Develop 3d game for iphone & android in single code

    - by lajpat
    I have to make a 3d game on the lines of this app 3D Chess I want to make this app for both android & iphone by writing a single code. Of course little native code will be required to be done. I want to ensure that entire logic & animation code is written only once. What software does one suggest to achieve this since I am not a tight schedule. I came across Corona but I am not sure if such game can be made using it. Others I found Unity & Shiva. I am not experience in 3D game so please if someone can help Thanks Lajpat

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  • How to auto-scan any plugged in usb storage device with clamav?

    - by ossi
    I'd like to do an automatic virus scan on any plugged in usb device using ClamAV. I'm using Ubuntu 12.04. The closest thing I found was: Run clamav on mount of flashdrive How to run a shell script when a new USB storage device is detected? The first one is not working for me and the second one seems to target a known device. Is there a tutorial around I've missed? Or can I get some help with udev rules that apply to any usb storage device added? Currently nothing seems to do anything.

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  • 12.04 Ambiance dark side bar issue when clicking folder on desktop

    - by Lou Crittenden
    Concerning an updated custom ambiance theme: why is there no dark side bar when I click on a folder, like the home folder icon on the desktop, but the theme works as planned when I type nautilus in the terminal to open the home folder or when opening a folder up as root? Permissions issue perhaps? Note: I am using Cinnamon instead of Unity and I noticed it uses the Nemo file manager instead of Nautilus and I suspected that it was causing me the grief. I uninstalled it and now am using Nautilus only as the file manager. I found this out when I typed: sudo killall nemo and the problem went away. I'll see how this goes (and hopefully cinnamon doesn't care about it...) Has anyone else had any issues with this?

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  • How to Delete/Disable gnome panels. No existing solutions working

    - by Alan Peabody
    I would like to remove gnome panel completely. I spend most of my time in a (tmux) terminal or a browser. Synapse and a small hidden AWN panel fit the rest of my needs. I have tried all recommended solutions including this (found it a few places): How to delete Gnome Panel? However it always comes back at log in. I have tried changing the required components panel to avant-whatever as well as to empty. I have tried setting them both as default (right click set as default). Right now I just have the last panel set to transparent and auto hide, but it still tends to be annoying. What do I need to do to get rid of this damn thing? Clarification: Using gconf-editor, gconftool2, and/or Ubuntu tweak to set /desktop/gnome/session/required_component/panel to avant-window-navigator is not working. The setting stays when I reboot, but the empty gnome panel sticks around.

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  • No longer able to boot stuck in busybox shell

    - by Chris J. Lee
    I've installed win 7 and ubuntu 11.04. After a storm killed the power. i'm unable to boot. I'm stuck in the busybox shell (ash). Here's what happens when i boot: Bios loads Grub displays option to load: ubuntu ubuntu recovery memtest another memtest option win7 win 7 recovery I load Ubuntu This cause it to load and i see no normal ubuntu screen just the busybox shell I try loading ubuntu via fsck -l; and it returns me a /bin/sh not found error. I load windows 7 and i'm unable to boot. I get a blue screen of death I then load ubuntu recovery and i don't have any luck either. Any ideas where to go from here?

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  • Cannot execute binary file

    - by user291727
    I am new to Ubuntu and I'm trying to install Popcorn Time. I downloaded 32 bit version and tried to install it but that's where the problem started showing. I duble clicked the executable file and well, nothing happened. It's a official download from their web-site but it doesn't work. Maybe I'm doing something wrong.....Anyway, I found out that you can insatll it from a script, but people keep talking in ubuntu terms and I don't understand it, so I have a few questions: 1.How to make a script? (witch I'm suppose to run in terminal using bash comand), 2.Is it normal that i cannot run the installer, and if that is an installer or just files for the program. 3.If it is an installer, how do I make it work? 4.What does " Cannot execute binary file" mean? Thank you in advance, hope I'm not asking too many questions(please understand that I'm new to ubuntu) and sorry about my English. xD

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  • Isometric projection bad coordonate

    - by Christophe Debove
    I have a 2D map, for each element I apply this isometric projection to place my Sprite //Element e; float[] f= projection(e.getX(), e.getY() ,z); // x and y represent Sprite Coordonate (tile_width and height depend of my // camera size and the number of elements in x and in y float x = f[0]*tile_width; float y = f[1]*tile_height; public float[] projection(float x, float y, float z) { return new float[]{ (( x )-(y) ) , ((x/2) + (y/2) - z )}; } the sprite for one element : The result of my projection : The problem is I need to add an offset of tile_height/2 to the y and tile_width/2 to the x to have something like this (in the red rectangle I drawed with paint what I want) : Where did I make wrong? (I found the projection method in How should I sort images in an isometric game so that they appear in the correct order? )

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  • What are some client-side sitemap generators?

    - by BHare
    Most of the sitemap generators I've found all scan my internal files and base it on that. However using apache and htaccess I have many aliases for things for example: /brand/model/photos/ is empty directory wise, but on the web it relocates it to a zenphoto gallery using htaccess. http://www.xml-sitemaps.com/ does What I need, but I'd like to have more control over it and I need it to be dynamic and run weekly or daily. Allow for specific change frequencies based on the file/directory. I also want to be able to make a "pretty" sitemap html file. Counting the photo gallery I have around 300 links, without the photo gallery more like 100. I have MySQL, PHP 5.3 installed.

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  • Dual booting Ubuntu 12.04: UEFI and Legacy

    - by cmhughes
    I'm trying to dual boot Ubuntu 12.04 (or 12.10) with Windows 8 on a new Sony Vaio, but have run into some problems :) Specifically, my problems seem to come from choosing UEFI or Legacy as the Bootmode in the BIOS. Here is what I have found so far: Windows 8 needs to boot using UEFI, and doesn't work in Legacy mode Ubuntu (both 12.04 and 12.10) needs to boot using Legacy, and won't boot (at least from the live disk) in UEFI mode I have been able to boot Ubuntu using a live USB disc, provided that I change the Bootmode to Legacy. I haven't committed to installing it yet, because I don't really understand the consequences. My main concerns are that instead of simply selecting Windows or Ubuntu in Grub, I would also have to change my Bootmode every single time, which seems like a lot more trouble than it should be. So, the question: how can I install Ubuntu 12.04 or 12.10 in UEFI boot mode?

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  • How to install a Lexmark z600 series printer?

    - by Uri Herrera
    It has been a headache trying to install this printer. All the tutorials I found are for older versions of Ubuntu, and none of them work. How can I install this printer? Edit: HOWTO: Install PITA Lexmark Z600 Z615 and Dell Photo Printer 720 Setup Lexmark Z600 and X series printer on Ubuntu (i tried this one, only that it was translated to spanish, but it was the same instructions) HOWTO: Lexmark Printers I always get an error when extracting the converted tars with all of the tuts, invalid argument or the file doesn't exist. Looks like, i was missing some ia32 libs .. and that caused the errors with the tar files, anyways i still can't print now i get this, cups-insecure-filter How to install Lezmark Z600 series printer Here, the OP offers 2 debs, i installed them on a 32 bit Ubuntu install, now the printer gets recognized but still can't print, 'cause i'm missing a filter, "rastertoz600".

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  • Which of these algorithms is best for my goal?

    - by JonathonG
    I have created a program that restricts the mouse to a certain region based on a black/white bitmap. The program is 100% functional as-is, but uses an inaccurate, albeit fast, algorithm for repositioning the mouse when it strays outside the area. Currently, when the mouse moves outside the area, basically what happens is this: A line is drawn between a pre-defined static point inside the region and the mouse's new position. The point where that line intersects the edge of the allowed area is found. The mouse is moved to that point. This works, but only works perfectly for a perfect circle with the pre-defined point set in the exact center. Unfortunately, this will never be the case. The application will be used with a variety of rectangles and irregular, amorphous shapes. On such shapes, the point where the line drawn intersects the edge will usually not be the closest point on the shape to the mouse. I need to create a new algorithm that finds the closest point to the mouse's new position on the edge of the allowed area. I have several ideas about this, but I am not sure of their validity, in that they may have far too much overhead. While I am not asking for code, it might help to know that I am using Objective C / Cocoa, developing for OS X, as I feel the language being used might affect the efficiency of potential methods. My ideas are: Using a bit of trigonometry to project lines would work, but that would require some kind of intense algorithm to test every point on every line until it found the edge of the region... That seems too resource intensive since there could be something like 200 lines that would have each have to have as many as 200 pixels checked for black/white.... Using something like an A* pathing algorithm to find the shortest path to a black pixel; however, A* seems resource intensive, even though I could probably restrict it to only checking roughly in one direction. It also seems like it will take more time and effort than I have available to spend on this small portion of the much larger project I am working on, correct me if I am wrong and it would not be a significant amount of code (100 lines or around there). Mapping the border of the region before the application begins running the event tap loop. I think I could accomplish this by using my current line-based algorithm to find an edge point and then initiating an algorithm that checks all 8 pixels around that pixel, finds the next border pixel in one direction, and continues to do this until it comes back to the starting pixel. I could then store that data in an array to be used for the entire duration of the program, and have the mouse re-positioning method check the array for the closest pixel on the border to the mouse target position. That last method would presumably execute it's initial border mapping fairly quickly. (It would only have to map between 2,000 and 8,000 pixels, which means 8,000 to 64,000 checked, and I could even permanently store the data to make launching faster.) However, I am uncertain as to how much overhead it would take to scan through that array for the shortest distance for every single mouse move event... I suppose there could be a shortcut to restrict the number of elements in the array that will be checked to a variable number starting with the intersecting point on the line (from my original algorithm), and raise/lower that number to experiment with the overhead/accuracy tradeoff. Please let me know if I am over thinking this and there is an easier way that will work just fine, or which of these methods would be able to execute something like 30 times per second to keep mouse movement smooth, or if you have a better/faster method. I've posted relevant parts of my code below for reference, and included an example of what the area might look like. (I check for color value against a loaded bitmap that is black/white.) // // This part of my code runs every single time the mouse moves. // CGPoint point = CGEventGetLocation(event); float tX = point.x; float tY = point.y; if( is_in_area(tX,tY, mouse_mask)){ // target is inside O.K. area, do nothing }else{ CGPoint target; //point inside restricted region: float iX = 600; // inside x float iY = 500; // inside y // delta to midpoint between iX,iY and tX,tY float dX; float dY; float accuracy = .5; //accuracy to loop until reached do { dX = (tX-iX)/2; dY = (tY-iY)/2; if(is_in_area((tX-dX),(tY-dY),mouse_mask)){ iX += dX; iY += dY; } else { tX -= dX; tY -= dY; } } while (abs(dX)>accuracy || abs(dY)>accuracy); target = CGPointMake(roundf(tX), roundf(tY)); CGDisplayMoveCursorToPoint(CGMainDisplayID(),target); } Here is "is_in_area(int x, int y)" : bool is_in_area(NSInteger x, NSInteger y, NSBitmapImageRep *mouse_mask){ NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; NSUInteger pixel[4]; [mouse_mask getPixel:pixel atX:x y:y]; if(pixel[0]!= 0){ [pool release]; return false; } [pool release]; return true; }

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  • Why does my CD Tray keep popping open?

    - by Anton
    I have Ubuntu server - Ubuntu 10.04.3 LTS and I can't figure out why my CD tray is opening all the time. I have looked into /var/log/auth.log, cron list and found nothing. The eject command closes tray and then it gets opened again. The server has a LAMP (Linux-Apache-MySQL-PHP) setup and I can't afford to restart it now. How can I find out who or which program is popping the tray open? Which programs can cause this behavior?

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  • WHMCS Fatal error: Out of memory while View Invoice PDF

    - by prakash
    I can log into WHMCS & can access everything I should be able to access, but if i try to click View PDF Invoice, the following error will occur, Fatal error: Out of memory (allocated 67633152) (tried to allocate 76 bytes) in /home/xxxx/public_html/whmcs/includes/classes/class.tcpdf.php on line 8419 I have already set the allocated Memory limit to 256MB, but the error still occurs. At that time of the error, the process memory is exceeding the allocation I set. I checked log file, and found the following errors: #2 /home/xxxxx/public_html/client/includes/classes/class.tcpdf.php(8453): TCPDF->Image('/home/xxxxx/...', 20, 25, 75, 17.5816023739, 'PNG', '', '', false, 300, '', false, 8) #3 /home/xxxxx/public_html/client/includes/classes/class.tcpdf.php(7881): TCPDF->ImagePngAlpha('/home/xxxxx/...', 20, 25, 337, 79, 75, 17.5816023739, 'PNG', '', '', false, 300, '', NULL) While I was investigating the issue above I also noticed the error condition pictured below:

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  • AngularJS: structuring a web application with multiple ng-apps

    - by mg1075
    The blogosphere has a number of articles on the topic of AngularJS app structuring guidelines such as these (and others): http://www.johnpapa.net/angular-app-structuring-guidelines/ http://codingsmackdown.tv/blog/2013/04/19/angularjs-modules-for-great-justice/ http://danorlando.com/angularjs-architecture-understanding-modules/ http://henriquat.re/modularizing-angularjs/modularizing-angular-applications/modularizing-angular-applications.html However, one scenario I have yet to come across for guidelines and best practices is the case where you have a large web application containing multiple "mini-spa" apps, and the mini-spa apps all share a certain amount of code. I am not referring to the case of trying to have multiple ng-app declarations on the same page; rather, I mean different sections of a large site that have their own, unique ng-app declaration. As Scott Allen writes in his OdeToCode blog: One scenario I haven't found addressed very well is the scenario where multiple apps exist in the same greater web application and require some shared code on the client. Are there any recommended approaches to take, pitfalls to avoid, or good sample structures of this scenario that you can point to?

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  • ubuntu 12.04 ambiance dark side bar issue when clicking folder on desktop

    - by Lou Crittenden
    ubuntu 12.04 gnome: concerning an updated custom ambiance theme: why is there no dark side bar when I click on a folder, like the home folder icon on the desktop, but the theme works as planned when I type "nautilus" in the terminal to open the home folder or when opening a folder up as root? Permissions issue perhaps? note: i am using cinnamon instead of unity and i noticed it uses the nemo file manager instead of nautilus and i suspected that it was causing me the grief. so i uninstalled it and now am using nautilus only as the file manager. i found this out when i typed: "sudo killall nemo" and the problem went away. i'll see how this goes... (and hopefully cinnamon doesn't care about it...) has anyone else had any issues with this?

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  • Are there any alternative JS ports of Box2D?

    - by Petteri Hietavirta
    I have been thinking about creating a top down 2D car game for HTML5. For my first game I wrote the physics and collisions my self but for this one I would like to use some ready made library. I found out Box2D and its JS port. http://box2d-js.sourceforge.net It seems to be quite old port, made in 2008. Is it lacking many features of current Box2D or does it have major issues with it? And are there any alternatives for it?

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  • In-Memory OLTP Sample for SQL Server 2014 RTM

    - by Damian
    I have just found a very good resource about Hekaton (In-memory OLTP feature in the SQL Server 2014). On the Codeplex site you can find the newest Hekaton samples - https://msftdbprodsamples.codeplex.com/releases/view/114491. The latest samples we have were related to the CTP2 version but the newest will work with the RTM version.There are some issues fixed you might find if you tried to run the previous samples on the RTM version:Update (Apr 28, 2014): Fixed an issue where the isolation level for sample stored procedures demonstrating integrity checks was too low. The transaction isolation level for the following stored procedures was updated: Sales.uspInsertSpecialOfferProductinmem, Sales.uspDeleteSpecialOfferinmem, Production.uspInsertProductinmem, and Production.uspDeleteProductinmem. 

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  • Dynamic Dijkstra

    - by Dani
    I need dynamic dijkstra algorithm that can update itself when edge's cost is changed without a full recalculation. Full recalculation is not an option. I've tryed to "brew" my own implemantion with no success. I've also tryed to find on the Internet but found nothing. A link to an article explaining the algorithm or even it's name will be good. Edit: Thanks everyone for answering. I managed to make algorithm of my own that runs in O(V+E) time, if anyone wishes to know the algorithm just say so and I will post it.

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  • Cannot scale frequency of a Core i7 2720QM

    - by user51414
    I own a Dell Latitude E6520 with an Intel CPU (Core i7 2720QM). After installing cpufrequtils, I get the following message : cpufrequtils 007: cpufreq-info (C) Dominik Brodowski 2004-2009 Veuillez rapportez les erreurs et les bogues à [email protected], s'il vous plait. analyse du CPU 0 : **pas de pilotes cpufreq reconnu pour ce CPU** maximum transition latency: 4294.55 ms. In English : no cpufreq pilot found for this CPU. Thus my CPU runs always at full speed (2,2 GHz) which consume the battery and shorten its life. I don't either know how to activate turbo mode. Please help ! Regards, Al

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