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• Strange Recurrent Excessive I/O Wait

  - by Chris

  I know quite well that I/O wait has been discussed multiple times on this site, but all the other topics seem to cover constant I/O latency, while the I/O problem we need to solve on our server occurs at irregular (short) intervals, but is ever-present with massive spikes of up to 20k ms a-wait and service times of 2 seconds. The disk affected is /dev/sdb (Seagate Barracuda, for details see below). A typical iostat -x output would at times look like this, which is an extreme sample but by no means rare: iostat (Oct 6, 2013) tps rd_sec/s wr_sec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 16.00 0.00 156.00 9.75 21.89 288.12 36.00 57.60 5.50 0.00 44.00 8.00 48.79 2194.18 181.82 100.00 2.00 0.00 16.00 8.00 46.49 3397.00 500.00 100.00 4.50 0.00 40.00 8.89 43.73 5581.78 222.22 100.00 14.50 0.00 148.00 10.21 13.76 5909.24 68.97 100.00 1.50 0.00 12.00 8.00 8.57 7150.67 666.67 100.00 0.50 0.00 4.00 8.00 6.31 10168.00 2000.00 100.00 2.00 0.00 16.00 8.00 5.27 11001.00 500.00 100.00 0.50 0.00 4.00 8.00 2.96 17080.00 2000.00 100.00 34.00 0.00 1324.00 9.88 1.32 137.84 4.45 59.60 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 22.00 44.00 204.00 11.27 0.01 0.27 0.27 0.60 Let me provide you with some more information regarding the hardware. It's a Dell 1950 III box with Debian as OS where uname -a reports the following: Linux xx 2.6.32-5-amd64 #1 SMP Fri Feb 15 15:39:52 UTC 2013 x86_64 GNU/Linux The machine is a dedicated server that hosts an online game without any databases or I/O heavy applications running. The core application consumes about 0.8 of the 8 GBytes RAM, and the average CPU load is relatively low. The game itself, however, reacts rather sensitive towards I/O latency and thus our players experience massive ingame lag, which we would like to address as soon as possible. iostat: avg-cpu: %user %nice %system %iowait %steal %idle 1.77 0.01 1.05 1.59 0.00 95.58 Device: tps Blk_read/s Blk_wrtn/s Blk_read Blk_wrtn sdb 13.16 25.42 135.12 504701011 2682640656 sda 1.52 0.74 20.63 14644533 409684488 Uptime is: 19:26:26 up 229 days, 17:26, 4 users, load average: 0.36, 0.37, 0.32 Harddisk controller: 01:00.0 RAID bus controller: LSI Logic / Symbios Logic MegaRAID SAS 1078 (rev 04) Harddisks: Array 1, RAID-1, 2x Seagate Cheetah 15K.5 73 GB SAS Array 2, RAID-1, 2x Seagate ST3500620SS Barracuda ES.2 500GB 16MB 7200RPM SAS Partition information from df: Filesystem 1K-blocks Used Available Use% Mounted on /dev/sdb1 480191156 30715200 425083668 7% /home /dev/sda2 7692908 437436 6864692 6% / /dev/sda5 15377820 1398916 13197748 10% /usr /dev/sda6 39159724 19158340 18012140 52% /var Some more data samples generated with iostat -dx sdb 1 (Oct 11, 2013) Device: rrqm/s wrqm/s r/s w/s rsec/s wsec/s avgrq-sz avgqu-sz await svctm %util sdb 0.00 15.00 0.00 70.00 0.00 656.00 9.37 4.50 1.83 4.80 33.60 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 16.00 8.00 12.00 836.00 500.00 100.00 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 3.00 0.00 32.00 10.67 9.96 1990.67 333.33 100.00 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 40.00 10.00 6.96 3075.00 250.00 100.00 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 4.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 16.00 8.00 2.62 4648.00 500.00 100.00 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 2.00 0.00 0.00 100.00 sdb 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 16.00 16.00 1.69 7024.00 1000.00 100.00 sdb 0.00 74.00 0.00 124.00 0.00 1584.00 12.77 1.09 67.94 6.94 86.00 Characteristic charts generated with rrdtool can be found here: iostat plot 1, 24 min interval: http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/600/yqm3.png/ iostat plot 2, 120 min interval: http://imageshack.us/photo/my-images/407/griw.png/ As we have a rather large cache of 5.5 GBytes, we thought it might be a good idea to test if the I/O wait spikes would perhaps be caused by cache miss events. Therefore, we did a sync and then this to flush the cache and buffers: echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches and directly afterwards the I/O wait and service times virtually went through the roof, and everything on the machine felt like slow motion. During the next few hours the latency recovered and everything was as before - small to medium lags in short, unpredictable intervals. Now my question is: does anybody have any idea what might cause this annoying behaviour? Is it the first indication of the disk array or the raid controller dying, or something that can be easily mended by rebooting? (At the moment we're very reluctant to do this, however, because we're afraid that the disks might not come back up again.) Any help is greatly appreciated. Thanks in advance, Chris. Edited to add: we do see one or two processes go to 'D' state in top, one of which seems to be kjournald rather frequently. If I'm not mistaken, however, this does not indicate the processes causing the latency, but rather those affected by it - correct me if I'm wrong. Does the information about uninterruptibly sleeping processes help us in any way to address the problem? @Andy Shinn requested smartctl data, here it is: smartctl -a -d megaraid,2 /dev/sdb yields: smartctl 5.40 2010-07-12 r3124 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net Device: SEAGATE ST3500620SS Version: MS05 Serial number: Device type: disk Transport protocol: SAS Local Time is: Mon Oct 14 20:37:13 2013 CEST Device supports SMART and is Enabled Temperature Warning Disabled or Not Supported SMART Health Status: OK Current Drive Temperature: 20 C Drive Trip Temperature: 68 C Elements in grown defect list: 0 Vendor (Seagate) cache information Blocks sent to initiator = 1236631092 Blocks received from initiator = 1097862364 Blocks read from cache and sent to initiator = 1383620256 Number of read and write commands whose size <= segment size = 531295338 Number of read and write commands whose size > segment size = 51986460 Vendor (Seagate/Hitachi) factory information number of hours powered up = 36556.93 number of minutes until next internal SMART test = 32 Error counter log: Errors Corrected by Total Correction Gigabytes Total ECC rereads/ errors algorithm processed uncorrected fast | delayed rewrites corrected invocations [10^9 bytes] errors read: 509271032 47 0 509271079 509271079 20981.423 0 write: 0 0 0 0 0 5022.039 0 verify: 1870931090 196 0 1870931286 1870931286 100558.708 0 Non-medium error count: 0 SMART Self-test log Num Test Status segment LifeTime LBA_first_err [SK ASC ASQ] Description number (hours) # 1 Background short Completed 16 36538 - [- - -] # 2 Background short Completed 16 36514 - [- - -] # 3 Background short Completed 16 36490 - [- - -] # 4 Background short Completed 16 36466 - [- - -] # 5 Background short Completed 16 36442 - [- - -] # 6 Background long Completed 16 36420 - [- - -] # 7 Background short Completed 16 36394 - [- - -] # 8 Background short Completed 16 36370 - [- - -] # 9 Background long Completed 16 36364 - [- - -] #10 Background short Completed 16 36361 - [- - -] #11 Background long Completed 16 2 - [- - -] #12 Background short Completed 16 0 - [- - -] Long (extended) Self Test duration: 6798 seconds [113.3 minutes] smartctl -a -d megaraid,3 /dev/sdb yields: smartctl 5.40 2010-07-12 r3124 [x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu] (local build) Copyright (C) 2002-10 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net Device: SEAGATE ST3500620SS Version: MS05 Serial number: Device type: disk Transport protocol: SAS Local Time is: Mon Oct 14 20:37:26 2013 CEST Device supports SMART and is Enabled Temperature Warning Disabled or Not Supported SMART Health Status: OK Current Drive Temperature: 19 C Drive Trip Temperature: 68 C Elements in grown defect list: 0 Vendor (Seagate) cache information Blocks sent to initiator = 288745640 Blocks received from initiator = 1097848399 Blocks read from cache and sent to initiator = 1304149705 Number of read and write commands whose size <= segment size = 527414694 Number of read and write commands whose size > segment size = 51986460 Vendor (Seagate/Hitachi) factory information number of hours powered up = 36596.83 number of minutes until next internal SMART test = 28 Error counter log: Errors Corrected by Total Correction Gigabytes Total ECC rereads/ errors algorithm processed uncorrected fast | delayed rewrites corrected invocations [10^9 bytes] errors read: 610862490 44 0 610862534 610862534 20470.133 0 write: 0 0 0 0 0 5022.480 0 verify: 2861227413 203 0 2861227616 2861227616 100872.443 0 Non-medium error count: 1 SMART Self-test log Num Test Status segment LifeTime LBA_first_err [SK ASC ASQ] Description number (hours) # 1 Background short Completed 16 36580 - [- - -] # 2 Background short Completed 16 36556 - [- - -] # 3 Background short Completed 16 36532 - [- - -] # 4 Background short Completed 16 36508 - [- - -] # 5 Background short Completed 16 36484 - [- - -] # 6 Background long Completed 16 36462 - [- - -] # 7 Background short Completed 16 36436 - [- - -] # 8 Background short Completed 16 36412 - [- - -] # 9 Background long Completed 16 36404 - [- - -] #10 Background short Completed 16 36401 - [- - -] #11 Background long Completed 16 2 - [- - -] #12 Background short Completed 16 0 - [- - -] Long (extended) Self Test duration: 6798 seconds [113.3 minutes]

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• Why does [NSOutlineView clickedRow] always return -1?

  - by jxpx777

  I have a fairly pedestrian non-editable NSOutlineView setup. In the bindings for the outline view, I have set the binding to my file's owner (MyDocument FWIW) with a selector of outlineViewWasDoubleClicked The method exists and is called, but when I call -clickedRow it consistently returns -1 rather than the row number of the row that I double clicked to trigger the method. My _outlineView is an IBOutlet and I've verified that it is hooked up correctly by using -selectedRow for the method rather than -clickedRow (I would rather use -clickedRow though because it seems unintuitive for the user to have a row selected, double click another row to do something with it and have the method triggered with the row they had selected.) My best guess right now is that the -clickedRow value is getting cleared out before my method fires, but I don't know where or what might be gobbling it up. Thanks in advance for any help.

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• Asterisk AGI framework for IVR; Adhearsion alternative?

  - by tedbehling

  I am trying to get started writing scalable, telecom-grade applications with Asterisk and Ruby. I had originally intended to use the Adhearsion framework for this, but it does not have the required maturity and its documentation is severely lacking. AsteriskRuby seems to be a good alternative, as it's well documented and appears to be written by Vonage. Does anyone have experience deploying AGI-based IVR applications? What framework, if any, did you use? I'd even consider a non-Ruby one if it's justified. Thanks!

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• lmerTest package install failing on Ubuntu 12.04

  - by Alexandra Tyers

  I'm running Ubuntu 12.04.5 LTS precise 32-bit and trying to install the lmerTest package for R version 2.14.1... When I try to install from the CRAN repository or R-forge: install.packages("lmerTest") or install.packages("lmerTest", repos="http://R-Forge.R-project.org"), I get the error: Warning in install.packages : package ‘lmerTest’ is not available (for R version 2.14.1) So I downloaded the Package Archive File from CRAN and tried to install from this Package source: lmerTest_2.0-11.tar.gz ,but get the error: "installation of package /home/.../lmerTest_2.0-11.tar.gz’ had non-zero exit status" I had a similar problem when trying to install lme4, and using the advice from lme4 package install failing on Ubuntu 12.04 was able to download the package using "sudo apt-get install r-cran-lme4" after which it appeared in my R package list and installed fine from there. I tried a similar tactic with lmerTest "sudo apt-get install r-cran-lmerTest" but just get "Unable to locate package r-cran-lmerTest", so really don't know what to do now, bearing in mind that I'm a novice with both Ubuntu and R, any suggestions/help would be much appreciated

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• Explore a COM Object in PHP

  - by shaiss

  What would be the proper way to explode a COM object for debugging? I have a 3rd party function that returns a multilevel object. The documentation is non existant, so I'd like to be able to echo everything out of the object or debug it in Komodo IDE. Komodo just says Object and nothing else. Maybe convert to array? I know some of the existing options such as $com->Status, but there are more variables returned that I'd like to know what they are.

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• Generating VS 2005 .vcproj's by hand

  - by Kevin

  I'm working on a script that generates Visual Studio 2005 C++ project files (.vcproj). The script reads a makefile, then spits out a c++ project. INPUT: makefile --- OUTPUT: VS 2005 c++ project (.vcproj) However, when I try to build the auto-generated project in VS 2005, error outputs: "Unspecified Error." Evidently, I am not generating the VS 2005 .vcproj file correctly. Assuming that my c++ project file was malformed, I opened up VS 2005 and made a new C++ project. I actually copied the good, VS 2005-created project file to my non-working, malformed project file. I replaced the Name, Reference Includes (.libs), Compile Includes (.cc, .c), etc. in the good VS 2005 project with my malformed project file's information. However, I still cannot get VS 2005 to compile my .vcproj. Perhaps VS 2005 is very particular about the content of its .vcproj's? Please give me advice on how to manually generate a VS 2005 .vcproj. Thanks!

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• formula for best approximation for center of 2D rotation with small angles

  - by RocketSurgeon

  This is not a homework. I am asking to see if problem is classical (trivial) or non-trivial. It looks simple on a surface, and I hope it is truly a simple problem. Have N points (N = 2) with coordinates Xn, Yn on a surface of 2D solid body. Solid body has some small rotation (below Pi/180) combined with small shifts (below 1% of distance between any 2 points of N). Possibly some small deformation too (<<0.001%) Same N points have new coordinates named XXn, YYn Calculate with best approximation the location of center of rotation as point C with coordinates XXX, YYY. Thank you

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• openquery issue in SQL Server

  - by George2

  Hello everyone, I am using SQL Server 2008 (let us call this source database server in this question discussion), and in SSMS, I have created a linked server to another SQL Server 2008 database (let us call this destination database server in this question discussion). When I issue statement -- select * from [linked server name].[database name].[dbo].[table name], error will be returned, Linked server "ZS" The OLE DB access interface "SQLNCLI10" returned "NON-CLUSTERED and NOT INTEGRATED "Index" ix_foo_basic_info_nf ", which is incorrect bookmark ordinal 0. When I issue statement -- select * from openquery([linked server name],'select * from [table name]'), there will be no errors, any ideas what is wrong? thanks in advance, George

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• Is it normal for a programmer with 2 years experience to take a long time to code simple programs?

  - by ajax81

  Hi all, I'm a relatively new programmer (18 months on the scene), and I'm finally getting to the point where I'm comfortable accepting projects and developing solutions under minimal supervision. Unfortunately, this also means that I've become acutely aware of my performance shortfalls, the most prevalent of which is the amount of time it takes me to develop, test, and submit algorithms for review. A great example of what I'm talking about occurred this week when I was tasked with developing a simple XML web service (asp.net 3.5) callable via client-side JavaScript, that accepts a single parameter and returns a dataset output to a modal window (please note this is the first time I've had to develop a web service and have had ZERO experience creating/consuming them...let alone calling them from JS client side). Keeping a long story short -- I worked on it for 4 days straight, all day each day, for a grand total of 36 hours, not including the time I spent dwelling on the problem in the shower, the morning commute, and laying awake in bed at night. I learned a great deal about web services and xml/json/javascript...but was called in for a management review to discuss the length of time it took me to develop the solution. In the meeting, I was praised for the quality of my work and was in fact told that my effort was commendable. However, they (senior leads and pm's) weren't impressed with the amount of time it took me to develop the solution and expressed that they would have liked to see the solution in roughly 1/3 of the time it took me. I guess what concerns me the most is that I've identified this pattern as common for myself. Between online videos, book research, and trial/error coding...if its something I haven't seen before, I can spend up to two weeks on a problem that seems to only take the pros in the videos moments to code up. And of course, knowing that management isn't happy with this pattern has shaken me up a bit. To sum up, I have some very specific questions I'd like to ask, and would greatly appreciate your objective professional feedback. Is my experience as a junior programmer common among new developers? Or is it possible that I'm just not cut out for the work? If you suspect that my experience is not common and that there may be an aptitude issue, do you have any suggestions/solutions that I could propose to management to help bring me up to speed? Do seasoned, professional programmers ever encounter knowledge barriers that considerably delay deliverables? When you started out in the industry, did you know how to "do it all"? If not, how long did it take you to be perceived as "proficient"? Was it a natural progression of trial and error, or was there a particular zen moment when you knew you had achieved super saiyen power level? Anyways, thanks for taking the time to read my question(s). I don't know if this is the right place to ask for professional career guidance, but I greatly appreciate your willingness to help me out. Cheers, Daniel

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• Filter DataTable to show only the most recent transaction for each user

  - by Dan Neely

  I have a datatable that contains rows of transaction data for multiple users. Each row includes UserID and UserTransactionID columns. What would I use for as a RowFilter in the tables DefaultView to only show the row for each user that has the highest UserTransactionID value? sample data and results UserID UserTransactionID PassesFilter 1 1 False 1 2 False 1 3 True 2 1 True 3 1 False 3 2 True My data is orginating in a non-SQL source, the DataTable is being created to be bound to a DataGridView so I can't make changes to a query being used to get the data initially.

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• pyODBC and Unicode Problem

  - by Aviv Giladi

  Hey guys, I'm working with pyODBC communicate with a MS SQL 2005 Express server. The table to which i'm trying to save the data consists of nvarchar columns. query = u"INSERT INTO tblPersons (name, birthday, gender) VALUES('" query = query + name + u"', '" query = query + birthday + u"', '" query = query + gender + u"')" cur.execute(query ) The variables name, birthrday and gende are read from an Excel file and they are Unicode strings. When I execute the query and either look at the table with SQL Server Management Studio or execute a query that fetches the data that was just inserted, all the data that was written in a non-English languages turn into question marks. The data that was written in English is preserved and appears in the table in the correct way. I tried adding CHARSET=UTF16 to my connection string, but had no luck with that. I can use UTF-8 which works fine but as a working convention, I need all the data saved in my DB to be UTF16. Thanks!

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• Synonym for "Many-to-Many" relationship (relational databases)

  - by Byron

  What's a synonym for a "many-to-many" relationship? I've finished writing an object-relational mapper but I'm still stumped as to what to name the function that adds that relation. addParent() and addChild() seemed quite logical for the many-to-one/one-to-many and addSuperclass() for one-to-one inheritance, but addManyToMany() would sound quite unintuitive to an object-oriented programmer. addSibling() or addCousin() doesn't really make sense either. Any suggestions? And before you dismiss this as a non-programming question, please remember that consistent naming schemes and encapsulation are pretty integral to programming :)

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• No colors when using autospec

  - by kfitzpatrick

  When I'm using autospec to test a non-Rails Ruby project, I always have trouble getting my tests to show up red or green. When I run a regular 'spec spec/ --color' command I get normal red/green responses. I've tried putting all sorts of commands in the .autotest file and I can't get that to work. Also, in my Rails projects, I don't get this problem. Note: I do have the ZenTest(4.2.1) and redgreen (1.2.2) gems installed. I'm currently trying to get it working with this project: http://github.com/coreyhaines/kata-number-to-led

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• Nant xmlpoke and unique nodes

  - by Lou Franco

  I am trying to use an xmlpoke task to update a VS Project File (which is XML). In the Project root, there are multiple PropertyGroup nodes, I am trying to select the first one. The XML looks like this <Project> <PropertyGroup> </PropertyGroup> <PropertyGroup> </PropertyGroup> <PropertyGroup> </PropertyGroup> </Project> I am using an xpath of //Project/PropertyGroup[1] to get the first PropertyGroup, but I get the error: “Non-unique xpath given //Project/PropertyGroup[1]”.

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• How to avoid code duplication for one-off methods with a slightly different signature

  - by Sean

  I am wrapping a number of functions from a vender API in C#. Each of the wrapping functions will fit the pattern: public IEnumerator<IValues> GetAggregateValues(string pointID, DateTime startDate, DateTime endDate, TimeSpan period) { // Validate Data // Break up Requesting Time-Span // Make Requests // Read Results (through another method call } 5 of the 6 requests are aggregate data pulls and have the same signature, so it makes sense to put them in one method and pass the aggregate type to avoid duplication of code. The 6th method however follows the exact same pattern with the same result-set, but is not an aggregate, so no time period is passed to the function (changing the signature). Is there an elegant way to handle this kind of situation without coding a one-off function to handle the non-aggregate request?

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• Exceptions in constructors

  - by FredOverflow

  In C++, the lifetime of an object begins when the constructor finishes successfully. Inside the constructor, the object does not exist yet. Q: What does emitting an exception from a constructor mean? A: It means that construction has failed, the object never existed, its lifetime never began. [source] My question is: Does the same hold true for Java? What happens, for example, if I hand this to another object, and then my constructor fails? Foo() { Bar.remember(this); throw new IllegalStateException(); } Is this well-defined? Does Bar now have a reference to a non-object?

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• How does opendir work in Perl 6?

  - by sid_com

  Hello! Can someone tell me, why the "opendir" doesn't work? #!/usr/bin/env perl6 use v6; my $file = 'Dokumente/test_file'; if ( my $fh = open $file, :r ) { for $fh.lines -> $line { say $line; } } else { say "Could not open '$file'"; } my $dir = 'Dokumente'; my $dh = opendir $dir err die "Could not open $dir: $!"; Output: Hello, World! Line 2. Last line. Could not find non-existent sub &opendir current instr.: '_block14' pc 29 (EVAL_1:0) called from Sub '!UNIT_START' pc 1163 (src/glue/run.pir:20) called from Sub 'perl6;PCT;HLLCompiler;eval' pc -1 ((unknown file):-1) called from Sub 'perl6;PCT;HLLCompiler;evalfiles' pc 1303 (compilers/pct/src/PCT/HLLCompiler.pir:707) called from Sub 'perl6;PCT;HLLCompiler;command_line' pc 1489 (compilers/pct/src/PCT/HLLCompiler.pir:794) called from Sub 'perl6;Perl6;Compiler;main' pc -1 ((unknown file):-1)

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• Rails, REST Architecture and HTML 5: Cross domain requests with pre-flight requests

  - by Orion

  While working on a project to make our site HTML 5 friendly, we were eager to embrace the new method for Cross Domain requests (no more posting through hidden iframes!!!). Using the Access Control specification we begin setting up some tests to verify the behaviour of various browsers. The current Rails RESTful architecture relies on the four HTTP verbs: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE. However in the Access Control spec, it dictates that non-simple methods (PUT, DELETE) require a pre-flight request using the HTTP verb OPTIONS. In addition during testing we discovered that Firefox 3.5.8 pre-flight POST requests as well. My question is this. Is anyone aware of any project for the Rails framework working to address the issue? If not, any opinions about the best strategy to support the OPTIONS method, since it has to support the routes for all the POST, PUT, DELETE methods?

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• SQL Azure and VS 2010B2 or SSMSE 2008

  - by Vulgrin

  Ok, I see that people have asked this question before, but I'm seeing some conflicting statements. Can I, or can I not, connect directly to my SQL Azure database from SSMSE 2008? I see posts from before November that the SSMS 2008 RC would be able to connect directly - so I don't understand why the newest SSMSE cannot connect. Is it just a problem with the Express version of SSMS? Where can I find the "non-Express" version, if there is one? I can connect to the database via the cancel and connect method - however, you don't get object explorer that way. I see that there are add-ons for VS.Net to allow you to explore the database but I wanted to do it with the base apps if possible. Thanks

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• Is it possible to get an NSView to pass rightMouseDown: to the next responder without subclassing?

  - by Benedict Cohen

  I have a view which contains a few subviews: mainView subViewA subViewB SubViewC mainView is an NSView constructed from a nib and is controlled with an NSViewController subclass. The subviews are standard views such as NSTextField and NSImageView and are configured to be non-editable. I want mainView to receive rightMouseDown: even when the event is triggered in one of the subviews. The default implementation of rightMouseDown: in NSResponder passes the event to the next responder, but NSView changes the default behaviour and does not pass it to the next responder. I could subclass all of the subviews but this doesn't seem like a very elegant or maintainable solution. How can I get the subviews to pass rightMouseDown: messages to the next responder without subclassing all of the subviews?

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• Which layer should create DataContext?

  - by Kevin

  I have a problem to decide which layer in my system should create DataContext. I have read a book, saying that if do not pass the same DataContext object for all the database updates, it will sometimes get an exception thrown from the DataContext. That's why i initially create new instance of DataContext in business layer, and pass it into data access layer. So that the same datacontext is used for all the updates. But this lead to one design problem, if i wanna change my DAL to Non-LinqToSQL in future, i need to re-write the code in business layer as well. Please give me some advice on this. Thanks. Example code 'Business Layer Public Sub SaveData(name As String) Using ts AS New TransactionScope() Using db As New MyDataContext() DAL.Insert(db,name) DAL.Insert(db,name) End Using ts.Complete() End Using End Sub 'Data Access Layer Public Sub Insert(db as MyDataContext,name As string) db.TableAInsert(name) End Sub

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• editing a file with vim that has no EOL marker on the last line but has CRLF line endings

  - by rmeador

  I often have to edit script files, the interpreter for which treats files that have an EOL marker on the last line of the file as an error (i.e. the file is treating CRLF as "newlines", not as "line endings"). Currently, I open these files in Vim using binary mode (-b on the command line). It autodetects the lack of EOL on the final line and sets the "noeol" option appropriately, which prevents it from writing an EOL on the last line. Because the file has CRLF line endings, I get lots of ^Ms at the end of my lines (because it interprets only Unix-style line endings in binary mode, it seems). I can't open it in text mode because the "noeol" option is ignored for non-binary files. This is very annoying, and I always have to remember to manually type the ^M at the end of each line! Is there some way I can force it to accept DOS-style line endings in binary mode, or force it to listen to the EOL option in text mode?

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• Allow member to be const while still supporting operator= on the class

  - by LeopardSkinPillBoxHat

  I have several members in my class which are const and can therefore only be initialised via the initialiser list like so: class MyItemT { public: MyItemT(const MyPacketT& aMyPacket, const MyInfoT& aMyInfo) : mMyPacket(aMyPacket), mMyInfo(aMyInfo) { } private: const MyPacketT mMyPacket; const MyInfoT mMyInfo; }; My class can be used in some of our internally defined container classes (e.g. vectors), and these containers require that operator= is defined in the class. Of course, my operator= needs to do something like this: MyItemT& MyItemT::operator=(const MyItemT& other) { mMyPacket = other.mPacket; mMyInfo = other.mMyInfo; return *this; } which of course doesn't work because mMyPacket and mMyInfo are const members. Other than making these members non-const (which I don't want to do), any ideas about how I could fix this?

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• struct method linking

  - by James

  I'm updating some old code that has several POD structs that were getting zero'd out by memset (don't blame me...I didn't write this part). Part of the update changed some of them to classes that use private internal pointers that are now getting wiped out by the memset. So I added a [non-virtual] reset() method to the various structs and refactored the code to call that instead. One particular struct developed an "undefined reference to `blah::reset()'" error. Changing it from a struct to a class fixed the error. Calling nm on the .o file h, the mangled function names for that method look the same (whether it's a class or a struct). I'm using g++ 4.4.1, on Ubuntu. I hate the thought that this might be a compiler/linker bug, but I'm not sure what else it could be. Am I missing some fundamental difference between structs and classes? I thought the only meaningful ones were the public/private defaults and the way everyone thinks about them.

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• How to generate all variations with repetitions of a string?

  - by Svenstaro

  I want to generate all variations with repetitions of a string in C++ and I'd highly prefer a non-recursive algorithm. I've come up with a recursive algorithm in the past but due to the complexity (r^n) I'd like to see an iterative approach. I'm quite surprised that I wasn't able to find a solution to this problem anywhere on the web or on StackOverflow. I've come up with a Python script that does what I want as well: import itertools variations = itertools.product('ab', repeat=4) for variations in variations: variation_string = "" for letter in variations: variation_string += letter print variation_string Output: aaaa aaab aaba aabb abaa abab abba abbb baaa baab baba babb bbaa bbab bbba bbbb Ideally I'd like a C++ program that can produce the exact output, taking the exact same parameters. This is for learning purposes, it isn't homework. I wish my homework was like that.

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