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  • Unknown filesystem with GRUB rescue caption cannot boot

    - by Dom
    I just recently partitioned my hard drive and I got this error when booting Ubuntu on that drive. unknown filesystem followed by the GRUB rescue terminal. I did some research and tried to download super grub disk but I cant seem to fix it with that. I have two hard disks. One with Windows Vista on it and the other with Ubuntu which is the one I partitioned. There was 100 GB reserved for all the Ubuntu partitions that I needed and the rest was split into two partitions, one for backup folders for my Windows machine and the other for music production which is the one that I created. The space used to created that was shrunk from my backup partition so I didn't mess with any of the Ubuntu partitions. As of now there are a total of 5 partitions. I also downloaded Rescatux which is another Super GRUB Disk for GRUB 2 not knowing which grub I had. It still didn't work. In Super Grub Disk I tried to swap the hard disk because that was what was said to do in order to fix the grub, that didn't work it said it was unsuccessful. I even tried to unplug the Windows hard disk and run Super GRUB Disk and that wasn't successful either. Is there another way I can fix this? Please any help would be greatly appreciated. I would like to have a nice step by step response.

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  • unknown filsystem with grub rescue caption cannot boot

    - by Dom
    I just recently partitioned my hard drive and I got this error when booting Ubuntu on that drive. unknown filesystem. With the grub rescue terminal. I did some research and tried to download super grub disk but I cant seem to fix it with that. I have two hard disks. One with Windows Vista on it and the other with Ubuntu which is the one I partitioned. There was 100GB reserved for all the Ubuntu partitions that I needed and the rest was split into two partitions, one for backup folders for my Windows machine and the other for music production which is the one that I created. The space used to created that was shrunk from my backup partition so I didn't mess with any of the Ubuntu partitions. As of now there are a total of 5 partitions. I also downloaded Rescatux which is another Super Grub Disk for Grub 2 not knowing which grub I had. It still didn't work. In Super Grub Disk I tried to swap the hard disk because that was what was said to do in order to fix the grub, that didn't work it said it was unsuccessful. I even tried to unplug the Windows hard disk and run Super Grub Disk and that wasn't successful either. Is there another way I can fix this? Please any help would be greatly appreciated. I would like to have a nice step by step response.

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  • Find points whose pairwise distances approximate a given distance matrix

    - by Stephan Kolassa
    Problem. I have a symmetric distance matrix with entries between zero and one, like this one: D = ( 0.0 0.4 0.0 0.5 ) ( 0.4 0.0 0.2 1.0 ) ( 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.7 ) ( 0.5 1.0 0.7 0.0 ) I would like to find points in the plane that have (approximately) the pairwise distances given in D. I understand that this will usually not be possible with strictly correct distances, so I would be happy with a "good" approximation. My matrices are smallish, no more than 10x10, so performance is not an issue. Question. Does anyone know of an algorithm to do this? Background. I have sets of probability densities between which I calculate Hellinger distances, which I would like to visualize as above. Each set contains no more than 10 densities (see above), but I have a couple of hundred sets. What I did so far. I did consider posting at math.SE, but looking at what gets tagged as "geometry" there, it seems like this kind of computational geometry question would be more on-topic here. If the community thinks this should be migrated, please go ahead. This looks like a straightforward problem in computational geometry, and I would assume that anyone involved in clustering might be interested in such a visualization, but I haven't been able to google anything. One simple approach would be to randomly plonk down points and perturb them until the distance matrix is close to D, e.g., using Simulated Annealing, or run a Genetic Algorithm. I have to admit that I haven't tried that yet, hoping for a smarter way. One specific operationalization of a "good" approximation in the sense above is Problem 4 in the Open Problems section here, with k=2. Now, while finding an algorithm that is guaranteed to find the minimum l1-distance between D and the resulting distance matrix may be an open question, it still seems possible that there at least is some approximation to this optimal solution. If I don't get an answer here, I'll mail the gentleman who posed that problem and ask whether he knows of any approximation algorithm (and post any answer I get to that here).

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  • Clean Code Development & Flexible work environment - MSCC 26.10.2013

    Finally, some spare time to summarize my impressions and experiences of the recent meetup of Mauritius Software Craftsmanship Community. I already posted my comment on the event and on our social media networks: Professional - It's getting better with our meetups and I really appreciated that 'seniors' and 'juniors' were present today. Despite running a little bit out of time it was really great to see more students coming to the gathering. This time we changed location for our Saturday meetup and it worked out very well. A big thank you to Ebene Accelerator, namely Mrs Poonum, for the ability to use their meeting rooms for our community get-together. Already some weeks ago I had a very pleasant conversation with her about the MSCC aims, 'mission' and how we organise things. Additionally, I think that an environment like the Ebene Accelerator is a good choice as it acts as an incubator for young developers and start-ups. Reactions from other craftsmen Before I put my thoughts about our recent meeting down, I'd like to mention and cross-link to some of the other craftsmen that were present: "MSCC meet up is a massive knowledge gaining strategies for students, future entrepreneurs, or for geeks all around. Knowledge sharing becomes a fun. For those who have not been able to made it do subscribe on our MSCC meet up group at meetup.com." -- Nitin on Learning is fun with #MSCC #Ebene Accelerator "We then talked about the IT industry in Mauritius, salary issues in various field like system administration, software development etc. We analysed the reasons why people tend to hop from one company to another. That was a fun debate." -- Ish on MSCC meetup - Gang of Geeks "Flexible Learning Environment was quite interesting since these lines struck cords : "You're not a secretary....9 to 5 shouldn't suit you"....This allowed reflection...deep reflection....especially regarding the local mindset...which should be changed in a way which would promote creativity rather than choking it till death..." -- Yannick on 2nd MSCC Monthly Meet-up And others on Facebook... ;-) Visual impressions are available on our Meetup event page. More first time attendees We great pleasure I noticed that we have once again more first time visitors. A quick overlook showed that we had a majority of UoM students in first, second or last year. Some of them are already participating in the UoM Computer Club or are nominated as members of the Microsoft Student Partner (MSP) programme. Personally, I really appreciate the fact that the MSCC is able to gather such a broad audience. And as I wrote initially, the MSCC is technology-agnostic; we want IT people from any segment of this business. Of course, students which are about to delve into the 'real world' of working are highly welcome, and I hope that they might get one or other glimpse of experience or advice from employees. Sticking to the schedule? No, not really... And honestly, it was a good choice to go a little bit of the beaten tracks. I mean, yes we have a 'rough' agenda of topics that we would like to talk about or having a presentation about. But we keep it 'agile'. Due to the high number of new faces, we initiated another quick round of introductions and I gave a really brief overview of the MSCC. Next, we started to reflect on the Clean Code Developer (CCD) - Red Grade which we introduced on the last meetup. Nirvan was the lucky one and he did a good job on summarizing the various abbreviations of the first level of being a CCD. Actually, more interesting, we exchanged experience about the principles and practices of Red Grade, and it was very informative to get to know that Yann actually 'interviewed' a couple of friends, other students, local guys working in IT companies as well as some IT friends from India in order to counter-check on what he learned first-hand about Clean Code. Currently, he is reading the book of Robert C. Martin on that topic and I'm looking forward to his review soon. More output generates more input What seems to be like a personal mantra is working out pretty well for me since the beginning of this year. Being more active on social media networks, writing more article on my blog, starting the Mauritius Software Craftsmanship Community, and contributing more to other online communities has helped me to receive more project requests, job offers and possibilities to expand my business at IOS Indian Ocean Software Ltd. Actually, it is not a coincidence that one of the questions new craftsmen should answer during registration asks about having a personal blog. Whether you are just curious about IT, right in the middle of your Computer Studies, or already working in software development or system administration since a while you should consider to advertise and market yourself online. Easiest way to resolve this are to have online profiles on professional social media networks like LinkedIn, Xing, Twitter, and Google+ (no Facebook should be considered for private only), and considering to have a personal blog. Why? -- Be yourself, be proud of your work, and let other people know that you're passionate about your profession. Trust me, this is going to open up opportunities you might not have dreamt about... Exchanging ideas about having a professional online presence - MSCC meetup on the 26th October 2013 Furthermore, consider to put your Curriculum Vitae online, too. There are quite a number of service providers like 1ClickCV, Stack Overflow Careers 2.0, etc. which give you the ability to have an up to date CV online. At least put it on your site, next to your personal blog. Similar to what you would be able to see on my site here. Cyber Island Mauritius - are we there? A couple of weeks ago I got a 'cold' message on LinkedIn from someone living in the U.S. asking about the circumstances and conditions of the IT world of Mauritius. He has a great business idea, venture capital and is currently looking for a team of software developers (mainly mobile - iOS) for a new startup here in Mauritius. Since then we exchanged quite some details through private messages and Skype conversations, and I suggested that it might be a good chance to join our meetup through a conference call and see for yourself about potential candidates. During approximately 30 to 40 minutes the brief idea of the new startup was presented - very promising state-of-the-art technology aspects and integration of various public APIs -, and we had a good Q&A session about it. Also thanks to the excellent bandwidth provided by the Ebene Accelerator the video conference between three parties went absolutely well. Clean Code Developer - Orange Grade Hahaha - nice one... Being at the Orange Tower at Ebene and then talking about an Orange Grade as CCD. Well, once again I provided an overview of the principles and practices in that rank of Clean Code, and similar to our last meetup we discussed on the various aspect of each principle, whether someone already got in touch with it during studies or work, and how it could affect their future view on their source code. Following are the principles and practices of Clean Code Developer - Orange Grade: CCD Orange Grade - Principles Single Level of Abstraction (SLA) Single Responsibility Principle (SRP) Separation of Concerns (SoC) Source Code conventions CCD Orange Grade - Practices Issue Tracking Automated Integration Tests Reading, Reading, Reading Reviews Especially the part on reading technical books got some extra attention. We quickly gathered our views on that and came up with a result that ranges between Zero (0) and up to Fifteen (15) book titles per year. Personally, I'm keeping my progress between Six (6) and Eight (8) titles per year, but at least One (1) per quarter of a year. Which is also connected to the fact that I'm participating in the O'Reilly Reader Review Program and have a another benefit to get access to free books only by writing and publishing a review afterwards. We also had a good exchange on the extended topic of 'Reviews' - which to my opinion is abnormal difficult here in Mauritius for various reasons. As far as I can tell from my experience working with Mauritian software developers, either as colleagues, employees or during consulting services there are unfortunately two dominant pattern on that topic: Keeping quiet Running away Honestly, I have no evidence about why these are the two 'solutions' on reviews but that's the situation that I had to face over the last couple of years. Sitting together and talking about problematic issues, tackling down root causes of de-motivational activities and working on general improvements doesn't seem to have a ground within the IT world of Mauritius. Are you a typist or a creative software craftsman? - MSCC meetup on the 26th October 2013 One very good example that we talked about was the fact of 'job hoppers' as you can easily observe it on someone's CV - those people change job every single year; for no obvious reason! Frankly speaking, I wouldn't even consider an IT person like to for an interview. As a company you're investing money and effort into the abilities of your employees. Hiring someone that won't stay for a longer period is out of question. And sorry to say, these kind of IT guys smell fishy about their capabilities and more likely to cause problems than actually produce productive results. One of the reasons why there is a probation period on an employment contract is to give you the liberty to leave as early as possible in case that you don't like your new position. Don't fool yourself or waste other people's time and money by hanging around a full year only to snatch off the bonus payment... Future outlook: Developer's Conference Even though it is not official yet I already mentioned it several times during our weekly Code & Coffee sessions. The MSCC is looking forward to be able to organise or to contribute to an upcoming IT event. Currently, the rough schedule is set for April 2014 but this mainly depends on availability of location(s), a decent time frame for preparations, and the underlying procedures with public bodies to have it approved and so on. As soon as the information about date and location has been fixed there will be a 'Call for Papers' period in order to attract local IT enthusiasts to apply for a session slot and talk about their field of work and their passion in IT. More to come for sure... My resume of the day It was a great gathering and I am very pleased about the fact that we had another 15 craftsmen (plus 2 businessmen on conference call plus 2 young apprentices) in the same room, talking about IT related topics and sharing their experience as employees and students. Personally, I really appreciated the feedback from the students about their current view on their future career, and I really hope that some of them are going to pursue their dreams. Start promoting yourself and it will happen... Looking forward to your blogs! And last but not least our numbers on Meetup and Facebook have been increased as a direct consequence of this meetup. Please, spread the word about the MSCC and get your friends and colleagues to join our official site. The higher the number of craftsmen we have the better chances we have t achieve something great! Thanks!

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  • Producer-consumer pattern with consumer restrictions

    - by Dan
    I have a processing problem that I am thinking is a classic producer-consumer problem with the two added wrinkles that there may be a variable number of producers and there is the restriction that no more than one item per producer may be consumed at any one time. I will generally have 50-100 producers and as many consumers as CPU cores on the server. I want to maximize the throughput of the consumers while ensuring that there are never more than one work item in process from any single producer. This is more complicated than the classic producer-consumer problem which I think assumes a single producer and no restriction on which work items may be in progress at any one time. I think the problem of multiple producers is relatively easily solved by enqueuing all work items on a single work queue protected by a critical section. I think the restriction on simultaneously processing work items from any single producer is harder because I cannot think of any solution that does not require each consumer to notify some kind of work dispatcher that a particular work item has been completed so as to lift the restriction on work items from that producer. In other words, if Consumer2 has just completed WorkItem42 from Producer53, there needs to be some kind of callback or notification from Consumer2 to a work dispatcher to allow the work dispatcher to release the next work item from Producer53 to the next available consumer (whether Consumer2 or otherwise). Am I overlooking something simple here? Is there a known pattern for this problem? I would appreciate any pointers.

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  • Inspiring the method of teaching. Example- C++ :)

    - by Ashwin
    A year ago I graduated with a degree in Computer Science and Engineering. Considering C++ as the first choice of programming language I have been in the process of learning C++ in many ways. At first - five years back - I had many conceptions, most of which were so abstract to me. It started when I knew almost everything about Structs in C and nothing about Classes in C++. I went through a great time experimenting them all and learning a lot. I had a hard time evaluating Procedural programming vs Object-Oriented Programming. Deciding when to choose Procedural or Object-Oriented Programming took a great deal of patience for me. I knew that I cannot underestimate any of these Programming styles... Though Procedural programming is often a better choice than simple sequential unstructured programming, when solving problems with procedural programming, we usually divide one problem into several steps in order regarded as functions. Then we call these functions one by one to get the result of the problem. When solving problems with Object Oriented Priciples we divide one problem into several classes and form the interaction between them. Evaluating these two at the beginning (as a learner) required a lot of inspiration and thoughts. Instructing to think step by step. Relative concepts to understand deeply. Intensive interests to contrast both solving in both POP and OOP. If you were ever a mentor: What ideas/methods would you teach to students in which it will Inspire them to learn a programming language (in general, computer sciences)?

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  • Ubuntu 12.10: Installing proprietary Nvidia driver causes freeze at boot

    - by Greg
    Ok, so I just installed Ubuntu on my laptop, and I immediately encountered an issue: the HDMI audio output won't work. Yes, I know about the sound settings thing where you have to select the HDMI option, but even when it's selected I get no sound out of the TV I'm hooking it up to. This is a dealbreaker for me, because my laptop speakers are terrible, it's one of the big reasons I use my TV monitor. So I decided to work on solving the problem by upgrading my Nvidia drivers. I switched to one of the propriety drivers offered in that software updating utility that comes with the OS, the one option that said (tested). Viola, sound over the HDMI is now working. Unfortunately, this now brings me to my next problem: when I reboot Ubuntu with this or any other proprietary driver installed, it freezes when it tries to load my desktop. As in I can see my wallpaper, but no icons or options of any kind. The system is totally frozen, and gives me one of those "we've experienced an error, do you want to report it messages." So there's my bind. I need HDMI audio out, that's a total dealbreaker for me, but installing the drivers that give me that capability crash the system. Does anyone have any idea what's causing this

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  • How to switch to a generic kernel in a headless Ubuntu Server 12.04?

    - by chmike
    I just got a dedicated server with Ubuntu 12.04 installed with a custom compiled kernel. Since I would like to install VirtualBox and this custom kernel doesn't support dynamic module loading (for security) I need to change the kernel. I'm running some Ubuntu servers for years but never palyed with grub and a headless computer. When the command update-grub is run it shows the different kernel it finds. Here is what I see Generating grub.cfg ... Found linux image: /boot/bzImage-3.2.13-xxxx-grs-ipv6-64 Found linux image: /boot/vmlinuz-3.2.0-34-generic Found initrd image: /boot/initrd.img-3.2.0-34-generic No volume groups found done The first one is the active one as seen with uname -r. To me it looks like the second kernel is the one I should use. But I don't know how to configure grub2 to use it. The computer is also configured with a software RAID using mdadm I guess. Never used that before. I don't know if playing with the grub of changing kernel could brake this. What must I do to set the generic kernel as the default one so that I can get VirtualBox running.

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  • Run database checks but omit large tables or filegroups - New option in Ola Hallengren's Scripts

    - by Greg Low
    One of the things I've always wanted in DBCC CHECKDB is the option to omit particular tables from the check. The situation that I often see is that companies with large databases often have only one or two very large tables. They want to run a DBCC CHECKDB on the database to check everything except those couple of tables due to time constraints. I posted a request on the Connect site about time some time ago: https://connect.microsoft.com/SQLServer/feedback/details/611164/dbcc-checkdb-omit-tables-option The workaround from the product team was that you could script out the checks that you did want to carry out, rather than omitting the ones that you didn't. I didn't overly like this as a workaround as clients often had a very large number of objects that they did want to check and only one or two that they didn't. I've always been impressed with the work that our buddy Ola Hallengren has done on his maintenance scripts. He pinged me recently about my old Connect item and said he was going to implement something similar. The good news is that it's available now. Here are some examples he provided of the newly-supported syntax: EXECUTE dbo.DatabaseIntegrityCheck @Databases = 'AdventureWorks', @CheckCommands = 'CHECKDB' EXECUTE dbo.DatabaseIntegrityCheck @Databases = 'AdventureWorks', @CheckCommands = 'CHECKALLOC,CHECKTABLE,CHECKCATALOG', @Objects = 'AdventureWorks.Person.Address' EXECUTE dbo.DatabaseIntegrityCheck @Databases = 'AdventureWorks', @CheckCommands = 'CHECKALLOC,CHECKTABLE,CHECKCATALOG', @Objects = 'ALL_OBJECTS,-AdventureWorks.Person.Address' EXECUTE dbo.DatabaseIntegrityCheck @Databases = 'AdventureWorks', @CheckCommands = 'CHECKFILEGROUP,CHECKCATALOG', @FileGroups = 'AdventureWorks.PRIMARY' EXECUTE dbo.DatabaseIntegrityCheck @Databases = 'AdventureWorks', @CheckCommands = 'CHECKFILEGROUP,CHECKCATALOG', @FileGroups = 'ALL_FILEGROUPS,-AdventureWorks.PRIMARY' Note the syntax to omit an object from the list of objects and the option to omit one filegroup. Nice! Thanks Ola! You'll find details here: http://ola.hallengren.com/  

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  • Weekend Project: Build a Fireball Launcher

    - by Jason Fitzpatrick
    What’s more fun than playing with fire? Shooting it from your hands. Put on your robe and wizard hat, make a stop at the hardware store, and spend the weekend trying to convince your friends you’ve acquired supernatural powers. Over at MAKE Magazine, Joel Johnson explains the impetus for his project: A stalwart of close-quarter magicians for years, the electronic flash gun is a simple device: a battery-powered, hand-held ignitor that uses a “glo-plug” to light a bit of flash paper and cotton, shooting a fireball a few feet into the air. You can buy one from most magic shops for around $50, but if you build one on your own, you’ll not only save a few bucks, you’ll also learn how easy it is to add fire effects to almost any electronics project. (And what gadget couldn’t stand a little more spurting flame?) The parts list is minimal but the end effect is pretty fantastic. Hit up the link below for the full build guide, plenty of warnings, and a weekend project that’s sure to impress. How to Own Your Own Website (Even If You Can’t Build One) Pt 3 How to Sync Your Media Across Your Entire House with XBMC How to Own Your Own Website (Even If You Can’t Build One) Pt 2

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  • New Book - Oracle ADF Enterprise Application Development Made Simple

    - by Shay Shmeltzer
    It's nice to see another ADF book out there, this one from Sten Vesteli titled "Oracle ADF Enterprise Application Development Made Simple" comes from Packet Publishing Unlike other ADF books out there, this one doesn't aim to teach you Oracle ADF, but rather focuses on the right way to structure and manage a project that leverages ADF. This is a welcomed addition to the bookshelf for people who are looking into ADF based development. One thing I find is that some organization just start developing an ADF application without first doing much planning, something that is understandable given that it is very easy to start building a prototype with ADF and then just grow it into a full blown application. However, as the book points out, doing a bit of planning before you delve into the actual project development can save you a lot of time in the future. For example it is much better to have the right breakdown and structure of your project to allow you to do efficient team development right out of the gate, then to find out 1 year down the road that you are dealing with one monolithic size project which is hard to manage. The book touches on such topics as project organization (workspaces, projects, packages), planning your infrastructure (templates, framework classes), coding standards, team structure, etc. It also covers various aspects of application lifecycle management such as versioning, build, testing, deployment and managing requirements and tasks and how all of those are done when using JDeveloper and Oracle ADF. It's nice to see that the book covers working with Oracle Team Productivity Center - a solution that might not be getting the exposure it deserves. The book also has some chapters about security, internalization and customization of applications both with MDS and with ADF Faces skins (and it even covers the brand new skin editor). Overall I think this is definitely a book you should read if you are about to start your way on a new enterprise scale ADF application. Taking into account the topics that the book discusses before you start your work will save you time and effort down the road. By the way, don't forget that as an OTN member you can get discount on this and other books.

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  • Supporting and testing multiple versions of a software library in a Maven project

    - by Duncan Jones
    My company has several versions of its software in use by our customers at any one time. My job is to write bespoke Java software for the customers based on the version of software they happen to be running. I've created a Java library that performs many of the tasks I regularly require in a normal project. This is a Maven project that I deploy to our local Artifactory and pull down into other Maven projects when required. I can't decide the best way to support the range of software versions used by our customers. Typically, we have about three versions in use at any one time. They are normally backwards compatible with one another, but that cannot be guaranteed. I have considered the following options for managing this issue: Separate editions for each library version I make a separate release of my library for each version of my company software. Using some Maven cunningness I could automatically produce a tested version linked to each of the then-current company software versions. This is feasible, but not without its technical challenges. The advantage is that this would be fairly automatic and my unit tests have definitely executed against the correct software version. However, I would have to keep updating the versions supported and may end up maintaining a large collection of libraries. One supported version, but others tested I support the oldest software version and make a release against that. I then perform tests with the newer software versions to ensure it still works. I could try and make this testing automatic by having some non-deployed Maven projects that import the software library, the associated test JAR and override the company software version used. If those projects build, then the library is compatible. I could ensure these meta-projects are included in our CI server builds. I welcome comments on which approach is better or a suggestion for a different approach entirely. I'm leaning towards the second option.

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  • Most effective way to do daily standup meeting when a few people are remote

    - by Burhan Ali
    I am a software developer in a small team of seven. We are not an Agile (with a big 'A') team but are experimenting with some aspects of agile. One of these is the daily "standup" meeting. The difficulty here is that for two days of the week we have at least one person working from home so the full team isn't available in the same room. What is the best way to carry out a daily standup in this situation? Some facts that may be relevant: We all work in a single open plan room. We use Skype in our company. We don't have any video conferencing capability. We all work the same hours so there are no timezone complexities involved. The development manager is one of the people who works from home one day a week. Things we have tried: Conference call using Skype: This is tricky for those in the office because you can hear people speak in the room and then a split second later through the headset. This can e very distracting. Conference phone: Awful experience. Hard to get them to work and poor quality audio. Text-based updates using Skype. This is not as engaging and is no different than just firing off a status email in the morning. I have seen other questions about remote collaboration but they are mainly about completely remote teams and/or teams that span multiple time zones. We are not affected by either of these problems. What can we do to make our standup meetings better in these circumstances?

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  • Recommended storage scheme for home server? (LVM/JBOD/RAID 5...)

    - by j-g-faustus
    Are there any guidelines for which storage scheme(s) makes most sense for a multiple-disk home server? I am assuming a separate boot/OS disk (so bootability is not a concern, this is for data storage only) and 4-6 storage disks of 1-2 TB each, for a total storage capacity in the range 4-12 TB. The file system is ext4, I expect there will be only one big partition spanning all disks. As far as I can tell, the alternatives are individual disks pros: works with any combination of disk sizes; losing a disk loses only the data on that disk; no need for volume management. cons: data management is clumsy when logical units (like a "movies" folder) are larger than the capacity of any single drive. JBOD span pros: can merge disks of any size. cons: losing a disk loses all data on all disks LVM pros: can merge disks of any size; relatively simple to add and remove disks. cons: losing a disk loses all data on all disks RAID 0 pros: speed cons: losing one drive loses all data; disks must be same size RAID 5 pros: data survives losing one disk cons: gives up one disk worth of capacity; disks must be same size RAID 6 pros: data survives losing two disks cons: gives up two disks worth of capacity; disks must be same size I'm primarily considering either LVM or JBOD span simply because it will let me reuse older, smaller-capacity disks when I upgrade the system. The runner-up is RAID 0 for speed. I'm planning on having full backups to a separate system, so I expect the extra redundancy from RAID levels 5 or 6 won't be important. Is this a fair representation of the alternatives? Are there other considerations or alternatives I have missed? And what would you recommend?

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  • ORM and component-based architecture

    - by EagleBeek
    I have joined an ongoing project, where the team calls their architecture "component-based". The lowest level is one big database. The data access (via ORM) and business layers are combined into various components, which are separated according to business logic. E.g., there's a component for handling bank accounts, one for generating invoices, etc. The higher levels of service contracts and presentation are irrelevant for the question, so I'll omit them here. From my point of view the separation of the data access layer into various components seems counterproductive, because it denies us the relational mapping capabilities of the ORM. E.g., when I want to query all invoices for one customer I have to identify the customer with the "customers" component and then make another call to the "invoices" component to get the invoices for this customer. My impression is that it would be better to leave the data access in one component and separate it from business logic, which may well be cut into various components. Does anybody have some advice? Have I overlooked something?

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  • Why don't windows of the same application behave as they should?

    - by Yuttadhammo
    Somewhere along the upgrade path, Unity has developed some strange logic behind window layering. First, before Oneiric, there was a way to see all the windows of an application - I think it was when you click on the icon in the launcher. Now, clicking on the icon often does nothing. Suppose I have two terminals open, one behind this Firefox window, and one in front of it. Clicking on the launcher does nothing - the only way to find the second terminal, afaics, is to move the Firefox window or use the task switcher. Secondly, once I have both terminals on top, then I decide to close one of them, suddenly they both disappear (the second one, for some reason, has gone into hiding behind the Firefox window). Third (though I can't pin it down now), sometimes when a window is on top, focus is still on a window in back; I click on the top x to close the window in front, only to find I've closed an important window in the back. (Update: this question details the problem) I can't really believe these are bugs, since they seem too obvious to not have been fixed by now. My question is, am I missing something? Some compiz option I can set to make it act like it used to? Or is this really how Unity is supposed to act?

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  • How do I find add-ons for packages when using the command line?

    - by user74660
    My question is a little bit different from others already asked, I guess. I've already searched for answers, but I didn't find anything related. For example, I've always installed K3B via Terminal with the following command "sudo apt-get install k3b". It always worked, of course. One day, I decided to install it via Ubuntu Sofware Center and, to my surprise, there were a few Add-ons I didn't know about. I checked some of them to be installed as well because I found them useful. Now, here's my question: When we try to install a software via Terminal and this software has add-ons, how do we know that? And how do we install the add-ons via Terminal? I suppose we have to know the names of the add-ons first, and then install them one by one, once the main software has already been installed. But how do we get to know those names via Terminal? Using the Software Center is cool because it shows the add-ons, a brief description for each one and their names in brackets, right? How about that via Terminal? I had never paid attention to this until I used the Software Center. By the way, K3B was just an example, of course.

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  • How do you setup Postfix/Dovecot/MySQL to not look for local accounts?

    - by thiesdiggity
    I am having an issue with one of my Postfix/Dovecot mail servers and I'm unsure how to fix the problem. I will try to explain it in detail, here it goes: I have an Ubuntu server setup using Virtual hosting with Postfix, Dovecot and MySQL. We have one domain setup as a virtual domain, for this example I am going to use mail.example.com. Under that domain we have one email address. I have another server (MS Exchange) setup using another one of my sub-domains, ex.example.com. The problem is that when I SMTP into the account on mail.example.com and try to send an email to an account on ex.example.com, I get the email returned back to us with an "unknown host" error. Now, I know that the mail.example.com server can resolve the ex.example.com domain because I can ping/dig while SSH'd into it. I can also log into Postfix via Telnet and send an email to an ex.example.com mailbox. I'm guessing that it has something to do with Postfix/Dovecot looking locally for the domain in the virtual domain list because of the tld domain (example.com)? If that's the case, how do I get Postfix/Dovecot to only look locally for the entire URL (mail.example.com) and if it doesn't find it, send it to the correct server by looking up the MX/A records (which I know exist and are setup correctly)? I have been working on this all day and any guidance would be GREATLY appreciated! Thanks for your time!

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  • Team Software Development using Ruby on Rails

    - by Panoy
    I used to work alone on small to medium sized programming projects before and have no experience working in a team environment. Currently, there will be 3 of us in an in-house software development team that is tasked to develop a number of software for an academic institution. We have decided to use the web for the majority of the projects and are planning to choose Ruby on Rails for this and I would like to ask for your inputs, advices and approaches with regards to software development as a team using the RoR web framework. One thing that has really confounded me is how you divide the programming tasks of a project if there are 3 of you that are really doing the coding. It’s obvious that we as developers approach a problem in a modular way and finish it one after another. If the project consists of 3 modules, should each one of us focus on each of those modules? Would it be faster that way? How about if the 3 of us would focus on one module first (that’s what I really prefer). Is using a distributed version control system such as Git the answer to this type of problem? Please don’t forget to put your tips and experiences with regards to team software development. Cheers!

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  • Is it good idea to require to commit only working code?

    - by Astronavigator
    Sometimes I hear people saying something like "All committed code must be working". In some articles people even write descriptions how to create svn or git hooks that compile and test code before commit. In my company we usually create one branch for a feature, and one programmer usually works in this branch. I often (1 per 100, I think and as I think with good reason) do non-compilable commits. It seems to me that requirement of "always compilable/stable" commits conflicts with the idea of frequent commits. A programmer would rather make one commit in a week than test the whole project's stability/compilability ten times a day. For only compilable code I use tags and some selected branches (trunk etc). I see these reasons to commit not fully working or not compilable code: If I develop a new feature, it is hard to make it work writing a few lines of code. If I am editing a feature, it is again sometimes hard to keep code working every time. If I am changing some function's prototype or interface, I would also make hundreds of changes, not mechanical changes, but intellectual. Sometimes one of them could cause me to carry out hundreds of commits (but if I want all commits to be stable I should commit 1 time instead of 100). In all these cases to make stable commits I would make commits containing many-many-many changes and it will be very-very-very hard to find out "What happened in this commit?". Another aspect of this problem is that compiling code gives no guarantee of proper working. So is it good idea to require every commit to be stable/compilable? Does it depends on branching model or CVS? In your company, is it forbidden to make non compilable commits? Is it (and why) a bad idea to use only selected branches (including trunk) and tags for stable versions?

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  • When to use PHP or ASP.NET? [closed]

    - by loyalpenguin
    I have worked extensively in developing web applications using PHP and ASP.NET, but one of the questions that I'm constantly asked by customers is whether to move forward with a php website or an asp.net website. So naturally the first thing that comes to mind is to answer the question like this: PHP is open-source and ASP.NET is from Microsoft. Usually after something like that is said the customer has a blank look on there face. Apparently the fact that one is open source and the other isn't doesn't really faze them. And for good reason, because when I first heard it, it really doesn't tell me much. I know from working with both that each have their + and - when it comes to developing websites. NOTE: THIS QUESTION IS NOT TO QUESTION WHICH IS BETTER TO DEVELOP WITH. THIS QUESTION IS INTENDED TO BE OBJECTIVE. My question is what are differences between ASP.NET and PHP as far as Features Security Extendability Frameworks Average Development Time And when one is generally used over the other for certain types of projects. I am trying to compile a list of facts to be able to compare with the customer what developement platform is better for there particular project. I have done a simple search on google and a ton of articles come up, but the problem is the majority are usually biased towards PHP or ASP.NET. Also if you can maybe provide examples from experience when one technology was more preferable than the other that would be awesome.

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  • Should the number of developers be considered when estimating a task?

    - by Ludwig Magnusson
    I am pretty inexperienced with working in agile projects but I have tried it a few times and I always run into this problem when estimating a task. Do we bring into the estimate the number of developers that will work on the task? Let me explain: Task A is estimated to one time unit and developer 1 will work on it. Task B is also estimated to one time unit and developer 2 and 3 will work on it together. I.e. if developer 1 begins to work on task A at the same time developer 2 and 3 begins to work on task B they will all finish at the same time according to the estimate. Should the estimate for task B be twice of that for task A or the same? The problem as I see it is that when a task is received and estimated, it is not always possible to know how many people will work on it. And if you assumed that two developers would work on the task for one time unit but it turns out that only one developer will actually do it, this will not automatically mean that that developer will work on it for two time units. Is there any standard practice for this?

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  • Every file on cPanel got deleted (then restored hours later), and I have no idea why

    - by mcranston18
    I apologize in advance if I don't provide proper detail; I am new to server stuff and am looking for general advice about this issue: I was helping out a client doing web design last month. They have about a dozen static sites on one server. The sites are all built on Joomla, except one which I built on Wordpress. Everything was working fine last month when we did the redesign but all of a sudden this morning, every single file on their server got deleted: every web page, file, and all e-mail addresses. I phoned the hosting company (alliancewww.com) to ask, "why did every single file suddenly delete off the server?" They said, "because someone must have deleted it." I said, "well no one did." (Which I'm pretty damn sure no one did.) They said, "you can pay us to look into the problem." I authorized $150 for them to look into the problem. About an hour later, everything was magically re-instated. The host said they had a back-up of everything and just restored everything. What I'm wondering: Does anyone have recommendations of logs I can go through to investigate how the files got deleted in the first place? I've checked out their cPanel logs but found nothing. Is it likely that this is a mess-up on the host's part?

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  • Good books or tutorials on building projects without an IDE?

    - by CodexArcanum
    While I'm certainly under no illusions that building software without an IDE is possible, I don't actually know much about doing it well. I've been using graphical tools like Visual Studio or Code::Blocks so long that I'm pretty well lost without them. And that really stinks when I want to change environments or languages. I couldn't really do anything in D until someone made a Visual Studio plugin, and now that I'm trying to do more development on Mac, I can't use D again because the XCode plugins don't work. I'm sick of being lost when I see a .make file and having no idea what I'm supposed to do with a folder full of source files. People can't be compiling them one by one using the console and then linking them one by one. You'd spend more time typing file names than code. So what are the automation and productivity tools of the non-IDE user? How do you manage a project when you're writing all the code in emacs or vim or nano or whatever? I would love it if there was a book or a guide online that spells some of this out.

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  • Preventing item duplication?

    - by PuppyKevin
    For my game, there's two types of items - stackable, and nonstackable. Nonstackable items get assigned a unique ID that stays with it forever. A character ID is assosicated with the item, as is a state (CHANGED, UNCHANGED, NEW, REMOVED). The character ID and state is used for item saving purposes. Stackable items have one unique ID, as in the entire stack has one unique ID. For example: 5 Potions (stacked ontop of each other) has one unique ID. When dropping a nonstackable item, the state gets set to REMOVED, and the unique ID and state don't change. If picked up by another player, the state gets set to NEW, and the character ID gets changed to the new character's ID. When dropping all items in a stack of stackable items (for example, 5 potions out of 5) - it behaves just like a nonstackable item. When dropping some of a stack of stackable items (for example, 3 potions out of 5)... I really have no clue what to do. The 3 dropped potions have the state of REMOVED, but the same unique ID and character ID. If another player picks it up, it has no choice but to obtain a new unique ID, and its state gets changed to NEW and its character ID to the new one. If the dropping player picks it back up, they'd just be readded to the stack. There's two issues with that though. 1. If the player who dropped the 3 potions picks it back up, there's no way to tell if they legitimately dropped the items, or if they're duped items. 2. If another player picks up the 3 potions (assuming they're duped), there's no way to know if they're duped or not. My question is: How can I create a system that detects duplicated items for both nonstackable and stackable items?

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