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• is there a cheatsheet for linux commands to save your system?

  - by Asaf

  I've recently lost my window options, had to somehow manipulate my way to Xchat and ask some people how do I get it back (it was metacity --replace, and after I decided to stop the command and run it in background the X was completely useless so I had to do killall -u user). And that was after the internet connection stopped working for some reason (might've been the ISP) ..The thing is, after using linux a long time, I still get the feeling that on dire situations, I don't know the good tricks (stuff like metacity --replace) I feel like a really need like a "rescue" cheatsheet for things like "how to save the X no matter what without pressing reset" and "how to reset the system to "normal state"" "how to connect to the internet through the command line" "how to monitor what the X is doing" (using ubuntu linux 10.04 btw)

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• Iptables rules make communication so slow

  - by mmc18

  When I have send a request to an application running on a machine which following firewall rules are applied, it waits so long. When I have deactivated the iptables rule, it responses immediately. What makes communication so slow? -A INPUT -m state --state RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p tcp -m tcp --dport 22 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p esp -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i ppp+ -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 500 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 4500 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -p udp -m udp --dport 1701 -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -i lo -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT -A INPUT -m limit --limit 5/min -j LOG --log-prefix "iptables denied: " --log-level 7 -A FORWARD -i ppp+ -m state --state NEW,RELATED,ESTABLISHED -j ACCEPT

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• Mahout - Clustering - "naming" the cluster elements

  - by Mark Bramnik

  I'm doing some research and I'm playing with Apache Mahout 0.6 My purpose is to build a system which will name different categories of documents based on user input. The documents are not known in advance and I don't know also which categories do I have while collecting these documents. But I do know, that all the documents in the model should belong to one of the predefined categories. For example: Lets say I've collected a N documents, that belong to 3 different groups : Politics Madonna (pop-star) Science fiction I don't know what document belongs to what category, but I know that each one of my N documents belongs to one of those categories (e.g. there are no documents about, say basketball among these N docs) So, I came up with the following idea: Apply mahout clustering (for example k-mean with k=3 on these documents) This should divide the N documents to 3 groups. This should be kind of my model to learn with. I still don't know which document really belongs to which group, but at least the documents are clustered now by group Ask the user to find any document in the web that should be about 'Madonna' (I can't show to the user none of my N documents, its a restriction). Then I want to measure 'similarity' of this document and each one of 3 groups. I expect to see that the measurement for similarity between user_doc and documents in Madonna group in the model will be higher than the similarity between the user_doc and documents about politics. I've managed to produce the cluster of documents using 'Mahout in Action' book. But I don't understand how should I use Mahout to measure similarity between the 'ready' cluster group of document and one given document. I thought about rerunning the cluster with k=3 for N+1 documents with the same centroids (in terms of k-mean clustering) and see whether where the new document falls, but maybe there is any other way to do that? Is it possible to do with Mahout or my idea is conceptually wrong? (example in terms of Mahout API would be really good) Thanks a lot and sorry for a long question (couldn't describe it better) Any help is highly appreciated P.S. This is not a home-work project :)

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• VPN Router + LDAP/RADIUS?

  - by MrZ

  Hello all! I need a VPN-capable router, preferably with a web interface, that should be able to authenticate against my LDAP server which is behind the router. The problem stems from the fact that I'm utterly unable to configure that setup for the Linksys RVS4000 that I own. Anything exists that is both cheap and easy to setup? Flashing the firmware is an option, as long as it is a well-documented option. Would it be viable/doable? [Edit] Okay, I've been looking at custom firmwares, any way to know which ones will work with my router before nuking its present one to oblivion? Anyone has experimented with that? My needs are quite simple, I want a DHCP router, an LDAP authenticated VPN, and basic firewall capabilities. I'm using DynDNS from the RVS4000 for now, but I guess I could setup something on the servers instead, that's only a minor problem...

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• strategy /insights for avoiding document content loss due to encryption

  - by pbernatchez

  I'm about to encourage a group of people to begin using S-Mime and GPG for digital signatures and encryption. I foresee a nightmare of encrypted documents which can no longer be recovered because of lost keys. The thorniest issue is archiving. The natural way to preserve privacy in an archive is to archive the encrypted document. But that opens us up to the risk of a lost key when time comes to unarchive a document, or a forgotten password. After all it will be a long way in the future. This would be equivalent to having destroyed the document. First thought is archiving keys with documents, but that still leaves the forgotten pass phrase. Archiving the passphrase too would be tantamount to archiving in the clear. No privacy. What approaches do you use? What insights can you offer on the issue?

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• Suhosin per-URL exceptions?

  - by STATUS_ACCESS_DENIED

  I am using SimpleID as my OpenID provider and it turns out that if I log on via pages like those on StackExchange, one of the parameters of the GET request gets dropped by Suhosin. The name of the variable is s and I presume it's responsible for the "return to URL" part after login. All of this is not a problem as long as I am already logged into SimpleID from before. However, as soon as the site on which I want to log in via OpenID ends up at the login screen of SimpleID, the redirect back to the site I came from does not work anymore due to the dropped variable. Is there a method to configure either on a per-virtual-host or per-URL basis to ignore the maximum length for GET requests with a parameter s exceeding the (globally) set limit? I'm using Apache 2.2, so I was wondering whether a mechanism similar to setting the PHP ini variables from within the server configuration exists for Suhosin.

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• 4K sectors transition: Why are hard drives moving to 4096 byte sectors, vs. 512 byte sectors?

  - by Chris W. Rea

  I've noticed that some Western Digital hard drives are now sporting 4K sectors, that is, the sectors are larger: 4096 bytes vs. the long-standing standard of 512 bytes. So: What's the big deal with 4K sectors? Is it marketing hype, or a real advantage? Why should somebody building a new PC care, or not, about 4K sectors? Why is this transition taking place now? Why didn't it happen sooner? Are there things to look out for when buying a 4K sector hard drive? e.g. incompatibility? Anything else we should know about 4K sectors?

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• Replicate a big, dense Windows volume over a WAN -- too big for DFS-R

  - by Jesse

  I've got a server with a LOT of small files -- many millions files, and over 1.5 TB of data. I need a decent backup strategy. Any filesystem-based backup takes too long -- just enumerating which files need to be copied takes a day. Acronis can do a disk image in 24 hours, but fails when it tries to do a differential backup the next day. DFS-R won't replicate a volume with this many files. I'm starting to look at Double Take, which seems to be able to do continuous replication. Are there other solutions that can do continuous replication at a block or sector level -- not file-by-file over a WAN?

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• Standard/Compliance for web programming?

  - by MarkusK

  I am working with developers right now that write code the way they want and when i tell them to do it other way they respond that its just matter of preference how to do it and they have their way and i have mine. I am not talking about the formatting of code, but rather of way site is organized in classes and the way the utilize them. and the way they create functions and process forms etc. Their coding does not match my standards, but again they argue that its matter of preference and as long as goal achieved the can be different way's to do it. I agree but their way is proven to have bugs and we spend a lot of time going back and forth with them to fix all problems security or functionality, yet they still write same code no matter how many times i asked them to stop doing certain things. Now i am ready to dismiss them but friend of mine told me that he has same exact problem with freelance developers he work with. So i don't want to trade one bad apple for another. Question is is there some world wide (or at least europe and usa) accepted standard or compliance on how write secure web based applications. What application architecture should be for maintainable application. Is there are some general standard that can be used for any language ruby php or java govern security and functionality and quality of code? Or at least for PHP and MySQL i use for my website. So i can make them follow this strict standard and stop making excuses.

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• New whitepaper: Evolution from the Traditional Data Center to Exalogic: An Operational Perspective

  - by Javier Puerta

  IT organizations are struggling with the need to balance the day-to-day concerns of data center management against the business level requirements to deliver long-term value. This balancing act has proven difficult and inefficient: systems and application management tools are resource intensive and traditional infrastructure management architectures have developed over time on a project by project basis. These traditional management systems consist of multiple tools that require administrators to waste time performing too many steps to handle routine administrative tasks. Operational efficiency and agility in your enterprise are directly linked to the capabilities provided by the management layer across the entire stack, from the application, middleware, operating system, compute, network and storage. Only when this end to end capability is provided will we experience the full benefit of a scalable, efficient, responsive and secure datacenter. Managing Exalogic is substantially less complex and error prone than managing traditional systems built from individually sourced, multi-vendor components because Exalogic is designed to be administered and maintained as a single, integrated system (Figure 1). It is at the forefront of the industry-wide shift away from costly and inferior one-off platforms toward private clouds and Engineered Systems. Read the full whitepaper "Evolution from the Traditional Data Center to Exalogic: An Operational Perspective". Full document is available for download at the Exadata Partner Community Collaborative Workspace (for community members only - if you get an error message, please register for the Community first).

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• New Whitepaper: Evolution from the Traditional Data Center to Exalogic: An Operational Perspective

  - by Javier Puerta

  IT organizations are struggling with the need to balance the day-to-day concerns of data center management against the business level requirements to deliver long-term value. This balancing act has proven difficult and inefficient: systems and application management tools are resource intensive and traditional infrastructure management architectures have developed over time on a project by project basis. These traditional management systems consist of multiple tools that require administrators to waste time performing too many steps to handle routine administrative tasks. Operational efficiency and agility in your enterprise are directly linked to the capabilities provided by the management layer across the entire stack, from the application, middleware, operating system, compute, network and storage. Only when this end to end capability is provided will we experience the full benefit of a scalable, efficient, responsive and secure datacenter. Managing Exalogic is substantially less complex and error prone than managing traditional systems built from individually sourced, multi-vendor components because Exalogic is designed to be administered and maintained as a single, integrated system (Figure 1). It is at the forefront of the industry-wide shift away from costly and inferior one-off platforms toward private clouds and Engineered Systems. Read the full whitepaper "Evolution from the Traditional Data Center to Exalogic: An Operational Perspective". Full document is available for download at the Exadata Partner Community Collaborative Workspace (for community members only - if you get an error message, please register for the Community first).

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• How to model an address type in DDD?

  - by Songo

  I have an User entity that has a Set of Address where Address is a value object: class User{ ... private Set<Address> addresses; ... public setAddresses(Set<Address> addresses){ //set all addresses as a batch } ... } A User can have a home address and a work address, so I should have something that acts as a look up in the database: tbl_address_type ------------------------------------------------ | address_type_id | address_type | ------------------------------------------------ | 1 | work | ------------------------------------------------ | 2 | home | ------------------------------------------------ and correspondingly tbl_address ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | address_id | address_description |address_type_id| user_id | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 1 | 123 main street | 1 | 100 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 2 | 456 another street | 1 | 100 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 3 | 789 long street | 2 | 200 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- | 4 | 023 short street | 2 | 200 | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Should the address type be modeled as an Entity or Value type? and Why? Is it OK for the Address Value object to hold a reference to the Entity AdressType (in case it was modeled as an entity)? Is this something feasible using Hibernate/NHibernate? If a user can change his home address, should I expose a User.updateHomeAddress(Address homeAddress) function on the User entity itself? How can I enforce that the client passes a Home address and not a work address in this case? (a sample implementation is most welcomed) If I want to get the User's home address via User.getHomeAddress() function, must I load the whole addresses array then loop it and check each for its type till I found the correct type then return it? Is there a more efficient way than this?

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• Newly installed DIR-615 - how to connect to the wireless?

  - by JK123

  I've just installed a D-Link DIR 615, but can't figure out how to connect to the wireless.. When I double click my wireless icon in the tray, it does show the new network. Its starts the "WiFi protected setup wizard" and the first thing it asks for is the "Device Ownership Password". I have no idea what that is - I've tried the PIN and the router password. On the next page it says: SSID: _(name)__ Security type: _wpa2 personal aes ccmp_ Password: _some long key that is not what I entered during router setup_ I change the key to the one I created when setting up the router. I've also tried leaving the key as it is shown in the dialog. But it does not connect either way. All it says is "Configuration failed" So how do I connect to the new wireless network??

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• My Kids and Ear Infection

  - by heshamelsaghir

  My Kids and Ear Infection is becoming a weekly issue.  That is why I wanted to start this blog to talk about my experience and more important hear from other parents opinions and experience. Well, I will start with my twins, they are about 3yrs old.  started to go to day care about three months ago.  since they started with the daycare, they started getting exposed to germs and viruses and the ear infection started too.  every few weeks they have ear infection.  They take turns or some times they both get ear infection at the same time.  To be more accurate, one of them is more suseptive to the ear infection.  We ended up going through the specialest that suggested an ear tube operation and also remove the adenoid tissue.  His opinion was that will stop the fluid from staying in his inner ear and will eleminate the ear infedction.  To make the long story short for now.  the ear infection never stoped.  in addtion to the ear infection, now the tube is stuck and stoped working, the tube is moved and going to fall, as the doctor said.  the problems do not stop.  they keep adding up.  and now my second son is going to need ear tube if he gets ear infection again.  what should I do?

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• Why is my system using port 4?

  - by Kathleen

  I have Windows 7 and have noticed that my system is using port 4 to connect to a lot of different IP addresses. When it connects to them it is not for very long before it moves to another IP address. One night I sat and wrote down as many as I could and started checking whois to see where they were and they were from all over the world. I don't understand this. When I did a search on the net with this question. The only info I could come up with was, that port 4 is used by the US Army and a list of port assignments listed it as "unassigned". If anyone has any clues to what is going on... I would greatly appreciate any info I could get.

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• Cannot delete folder - Content seems to be nested recursively

  - by RikuXan

  I cannot delete a folder located on my hard disk by any means. I don't quite know how it was created, all I know is, that it is a pretty deep structure of folders (too deep to delete it at once, since Windows restriction path name too long), but the problem in the end is, that I can't "pull out" the inner folders, because they don't seem to be folders anymore (Context menu lacks things like "Properties", "Cut", "Copy", "Delete" etc.) Here a picture of how a right click looks like on one of these "folders": As you can see, the current folder is in very deep, but that is not the problem, rather the one I left-clicked on. Has anyone any advice on how to get rid of these? I tried a chkdsk, said no errors. I also tried deleting those folder via a VMWare Ubuntu, to no success. I also tried a batch file from a volunteer at MS boards, that should automatically de-nest such folders, but I guess mine is a special case, since the tool only created more such folders.

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• What is a good way to refactor a large, terribly written code base by myself? [closed]

  - by AgentKC

  Possible Duplicate: Techniques to re-factor garbage and maintain sanity? I have a fairly large PHP code base that I have been writing for the past 3 years. The problem is, I wrote this code when I was a terrible programmer and now it's tens of thousands of lines of conditionals and random MySQL queries everywhere. As you can imagine, there are a ton of bugs and they are extremely hard to find and fix. So I would like a good method to refactor this code so that it is much more manageable. The source code is quite bad; I did not even use classes or functions when I originally wrote it. At this point, I am considering rewriting the whole thing. I am the only developer and my time is pretty limited. I would like to get this done as quickly as possible, so I can get back to writing new features. Since rewriting the code would take a long time, I am looking for some methods that I can use to clean up the code as quickly as possible without leaving more bad architecture that will come back to haunt me later. So this is the basic question: What is a good way for a single developer to take a fairly large code base that has no architecture and refactor it into something with reasonable architecture that is not a nightmare to maintain and expand?

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• How are suspected DoS attacks handled by webservers?

  - by Jan Kuboschek

  I rent a server somewhere out in Canada or so that I'm using to host a website of mine. That website has close to 400,000 pages that I wanted to index today. For that, I wrote a crawler a while back (see JCrawler on Stackoverflow.com). Now, I'm greedy and didn't want it to take too long so I ran multiple threads resulting in some 60+ requests per second from my IP. A couple minutes later, my server locked me out. I can still FTP into it, but I can't HTTP it. As server administrator or user, do you have any idea how servers usually handle these situations? Is it common to place a permanent or temporary ban on the IP or what is typically done? Naturally, I'll re-run my software with fewer requests once I'm back on.

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• Failing SSHFS connection drags down the system

  - by skerit

  From time to time my sshfs mount fails. All programs using the mount freeze when it happens. I can't even ls anything or use nautilus. Is there a way to find out what's the cause and how to handle it? I've noticed regular SSH sessions to the server get their fair share of Write failed: broken pipe disconnects, too. If I wait long enough (and I'm talking about 20-ish minutes, here) it will auto reconnect and things start working again.

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• Cannot boot: FGLRX 8.780 + Kernel 2.6.35-25

  - by pluc

  The situation before this all happened is pretty standard. I have a HP Pavillion dv5 laptop with an ATI Mobility Radeon 4200 series. It always worked fine with Ubuntu for as long as I can remember. However, at one point, something happened and truly made a majestic mess of things. It might've been extra repos I enabled with Ubuntu Tweak - I do not know. But something made it so that my system would not boot any longer. And when I say "won't boot", this is what I mean: - Durning a normal bootup, any entries (except Windows) selected with GRUB (or BURG, not even sure which one I'm using anymore) will spawn the Ubuntu loading screen - then try to start X (or GDM) 5 times. The screen goes to dark, black and back to the Ubuntu loading screen. Then it just stays there until I spawn another TTY. I have no idea what is happening or why. There are no errors in my logs, and I'm truly at a loss here. I've linked three files: Xorg.0.log, the output of dmesg and the GDM log: Xorg.0.log: http://ubuntu.pastebin.com/tpVKc2tc dmesg: ubuntu.pastebin.com/Nd5aYj45 gdm's :0.log: couldn't post due to lack of points :( Let me know if any of you more knowledgeable folks can restore some sanity in my life. Any help is greatly apreciated.

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• SBS 2008 File access restrictions after 5:30PM

  - by Moif Murphy

  Hi there, SBS 2008, I have an issue whereby a user can't access a file after 5:30PM. They get the message: "cannot be accessed. The file may be corrupted, located on a server that is not responding, or read only I've checked the logon hours on the AD User account in question and there's no restrictions there. I have noticed that the account in question does not appear in the SBS Console, only in ADUC which means the account wasn't added using the wizard. It's a long shot but would that make a difference? Other than that I'm pretty stumped, any suggestions welcomed. Thanks

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• Google Analytics custom variables and how are they recorded?

  - by mrtsherman

  I have been asked to add GA custom variable tracking to my company's website. The company website uses server side includes, so making modifications to the tracking code happens identically everywhere. Maintenance is therefore a headache. Also, GA takes about twenty-four hours for custom variables to start showing up in reports and that makes troubleshooting a headache. So if you have custom variables // visitor level tracking, id = 12345 _gaq.push(['_setCustomVar', 1, 'id', '12345', 1]); // page level tracking, email = [email protected] _gaq.push(['_setCustomVar', 1, 'email', '[email protected]', 1]); The marketing people want the following out of this: User visits site and we record a unique id for them. Whenever they return this id will be used in GA. User signs up for our newsletter on page X and we record their email address. Whenever they return this email address is used in GA. Now a big problem for me is that I don't use GA and the marketing people don't use custom variables. So we don't actually know how this will work. Do I want Page, Session or Visitor level tracking? What happens because the same GA code is used on every page? If they visit the email sign up form and we record the email address, but then they go somewhere else where email is nonexistent will the value get 'overwritten.' Sorry for the long question, but there are a lot of unknowns for a GA noob.

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• How badly do SSDs degrade without TRIM?

  - by joev

  SSDs have been out for a few years, and have seen all kinds of usage patterns. Windows and Linux support the TRIM command, with Mac OS still trailing behind here. Update (2 Aug 2011): It appears OSX Lion has support for TRIM in Apple-branded SSDs. There is a utility that enables TRIM in non-Apple SSDs I'm sure plenty of Mac users (and pre-TRIM version of Win/Linux) have SSDs. So, to you folks: have you noticed a degradation of SSD performance during its lifetime? How long have you been using the SSD, and how bad is the degradation? I'm assuming that even at its most degraded state, a modern SSD would still smoke a traditional hard drive in terms of performance.

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• Messages going missing from Apple mailboxes

  - by Ho Li Cow

  A colleague has noticed random messages being deleted from her Apple Mailboxes. e.g. Message sent to client - client replies - original message nowhere to be found. Not in sent items/sent messages/junk/trash. No rules set up. Have tried rebuilding mailboxes but message doesn't show up. Quite worrying really as it was only noticed by chance so don't know how long/how widespread it is. Mail is controlled by Exchange 2003 server. Anyone come across this before or know what's happening? Many thanks MBP 2.53GHz OS X 10.5.8 Mail 3.6

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• moving my site, IP change worries...

  - by Sherif Buzz

  Hi all, my site has outgrown the shared hosting account it's on and i've setup a VPS that i'll be moving to soon. I cannot keep the same IP between my new account and the old one and I'm a bit at loss as to how to minimize user downtime while the new IP is reflected in all DNS caches. Note I cannot have the site running on both accounts at the same time as it's a dating site and this would cause data inconsistency. Here's what i am planning to do : Put up a 'under maintenance' page on old host Get the site up and running on new host, and update domain to point to new host. Hope downtime isn't too long. Would it be a good idea to have a link on the page in (1) that opens the new site but using it's ip ? Or even redirect all requests at the old host, to the new one (again by ip) ? Any advice much appreciated.

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