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• Access keystore on Sun ONE Webserver 6.1 for 2048 bit key length SSL

  - by George Bailey

  We want to get 2048 bit key length CSR requests. The browser based GUI provides us with a 1024 bit CSR and I don't know how to change that. It seems that 1024 bit key lengths will no longer supported by SSL companies. (Lower cost options only support 2048 bit. Thawte who is much more expensive say they accept 1024 for only one or two year certificates, but not 3). The legacy systems in question are running Sun ONE Webserver 6.1. Upgrading would be time consuming and we would rather not have to do that right now. We will be phasing these out but it will take awhile, so... Got it!! http://middlewarekb.wordpress.com/2010/06/30/how-to-generate-2048-bit-keypair-using-sun-one-or-iplanet-6-1-servers/ It is for the same version webserver I am using. /opt/SUNWwbsvr/bin/https/admin/bin/certutil -R -s "CN=sub.domain.ext,OU=org unit,O=company name,L=city,ST=spelled state,C=US,E=email" -a -k rsa -g 2048 -v 12 -d /opt/SUNWwbsvr/alias -P https-sub.domain.ext-hostname- -Z SHA1 Previous efforts edited out.

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• How to restore windows.old for windows 7

  - by Jim Thio

  I reinstall windows. Then I regret that and want to go back. Fortunately the old windows is stored at windows.old I follow the instruction in http://support.microsoft.com/kb/971760 I did it all with small catches When I insert the windows 7 installer, the drive for installer is X and my hard disk is D rather than C. However, on normal windows operation the drive is C. Only when I boot through CD the partition is assigned to the letter D. There is no file bootsect on my windows installer So I can't do **D:\boot\bootsect /nt60 c:** Which should be changed to X:\boot\bootsect /nt60 C: or X:\boot\bootsect /nt60 D: depending on what it really does. As I said if I boot through windows dvd my hard disk letter is D but normally it's C. I am not even sure what that bootsect does anyway. I also can't do this one Attrib –h –s –r boot.ini.saved Copy boot.ini.saved boot.ini There is no file boot.ini or boot.ini.saved It's hidden but I don't see it if I try to look unhidden files either. Because I simply switch from windows 7 to windows 7 and the directory for windows don't change c:\windows I thought it should still work. Well, it doesn't. When windows restart it only goes to the logo and then restart the computer.

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• Windows, why 8 GB of RAM feel like a few MB?

  - by Desmond Hume

  I'm on Windows 7 x64 with 4-core Intel i7 and 8 GB of RAM, but lately it feels like my computer's "RAM" is located solely on the hard drive. Here is what the task manager shows: The total amount of memory used by the processes in the list is just about 1 GB. And what is happening on my computer for a few days now is that one program (Cataloger.exe) is continually processing large quantities of (rather big) files, repeatedly opening and reading them for the purposes of cataloging. But it doesn't grow too much in memory and stays about that size, about 90 MB. However, the amount of data it processes in, say, 30 minutes can be measured in gigabytes. So my guess was that Windows file caching has something to do with it. And after some research on the topic, I came across this program, called RamMap, that displays detailed info on a computer's RAM. Here is the screenshot: So to me it looks like Windows keeps in RAM huge amounts of data that is no longer needed, redirecting any RAM allocation requests to the pagefile on the hard drive. Even when I close Cataloger.exe, the RamMap reports the size of the mapped file as about the same for a long time on. And it's not just this particular program. Earlier I noticed that similar slowdown occurred after some massive file operations with other programs. So it's really not an exception. Whatever it is, it slows down the computer by like 50 times. Opening a new tab in Chrome takes 20-30 seconds, opening a new program can take up to a minute. Due to the slowdown, some programs even crash. So what do you think, is the problem hiding in file caching or somewhere else? How do I solve it?

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• transparent git-svn gateway

  - by azatoth

  Currently we have an subversion repository with the following layout: /trunc /group1 /proj1 /proj2 group2 /proj3 /etc.. /tags /group1 /proj1 /proj2 group2 /proj3 /etc.. /branch /anything temporary I believe this is an rather bad layout, but at the moment it's difficult to change it fully. Personally I dislike subversion, due mostly the long time it takes to check history, and also that branching and merging are cumbersome etc. so I really want to use git instead. Sadly we cant just switch to git as the mental capacity for some might be to overwhelming, so I was looking into git-svn to see if I could practically use that to solve the issue. Sadly that directly ends up in a bad situation as I want to break down each project into one git repo, and I don't want to have to recreate the git-svn checkout on each computer I work on. so I though perhaps there is an possibility to create some sort of transparent git ?? svn proxy/gateway, so that an push to that repo "commits" to the svn repo, and an commit to the svn repo updates the git repo. Google hasn't been my friend, have only found generic usage help to use git-svn, so I ask you if you have some good ideas to accomplish this.

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• replacing the default console emulator under Windows XP

  - by Gilles

  How can I replace the default program providing console windows under Windows XP? I know of alternative programs, and I have a shortcut to start cmd.exe in Console2. But now I want console applications to start in Console2 rather than the default console program, even when I have no control over the program that starts the console application. (I.e. a non-console program starts consoleapp.exe, and I can't change it to start Console2 instead, but I still want the application to be started inside a new instance of Console2.) (Note that I want to replace the console itself, that is, the window in which console (i.e. text mode) applications run. And I must be able to run arbitrary, unmodified console applications: a substitute for a specific console program such as Cmd won't do me any good.) EDIT: So what I'm after is a CSRSS replacement, which leads to OT: I want to know when Microsoft is going to make a decent CSRSS replacement. Not being able to adjust the width of a "terminal" by resizing the window is a complete joke. Go download the ISE already. (It's included in Win7/2008R2.) But as far as I understand this ISE is an environment for Powershell, not a general console emulator.

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• How is a subdomain passed to the webserver?

  - by Joshua Frank

  I know that dns resolves an address like example.com to an IP address like 11.22.33.44, but I'm a little confused about how subdomains are resolved, so that when you type http://subdomain.example.com, what actually gets passed to the server at 11.22.33.44? In other words, example.com = 11.22.33.44, but subdomain.example.com/path = ??? Are "subdomain" and "path" passed as http headers, or mapped in the url in some way, or what? Thanks in advance. Edit: If I'm understanding correctly, BloodPhilia says that subdomain.example.com actually is a different domain that in principle could resolve to a totally different IP. But if that's so, then what about hosts that have huge numbers of (what look like) subdomains, but which actually map to some path on the site. For instance, blogspot hosts millions of blogs, and they all look like this: aaa.blogspot.com bbb.blogspot.com ...millions more... yyy.blogspot.com zzz.blogspot.com Those are clearly not subdomains with their own IP's, but rather some mapping like aaa.blogspot.com -- www.blogspot.com/aaa, but how is this accomplished? What actually gets passed to the web server at blogspot.com?

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• What is a long-term strategy to deal with CPU fan dust in my home office?

  - by PaulG

  There are numerous discussions of CPU overheating and how sometimes this can be corrected by removing the dust from the CPU fan. I have read many of these, but I can't find anyone expressing a long-term strategy to deal with this problem. There are some suggestions here, for example, about how often the inside of the computer should be dusted. But I find this generally unsatisfactory. As it stands, in my rather dusty house (heated by a wood stove, with no central air circulation), I need to vacuum out the CPU fan every 3 to 4 months. At high CPU load, this can make a difference between 65C and 100C. I'm tired of hauling out the vacuum every time I anticipate high CPU load. What steps can I take to deal with this systematically in the long-term? Moving my high CPU load computing to the cloud is not a realistic option. Neither is vacuuming my home office more than once a week! (Details: my computer is on the floor in a Cooler Master HAF922 case, and uses an Intel CPU fan on an i7 chip) EDIT: While this would definitely solve the problem (submerging motherboard in mineral oil), it is a bit of an expensive solution.

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• Overriding vhost.conf to always allow PHP include access to directory

  - by Jeremy Dentel

  My predecessor in my job developed a simplistic newsletter system for our school's newspaper utilizing PEAR's Mail package. As I grow this system (and our site) we are constantly stuck with Plesk rewriting the vhost.conf file in which the PEAR include path has been manually entered. This has become an unwieldy task to actually manage and keep running. There's been a "note" from both the previous developer and I to attempt to solve this problem, but we can't entirely figure it out. I'm attempting a move to cPanel through another host, so hopefully it'll go away there, but until then, it can be tedious extremely difficult to get a solid uptake of the system without constant "web-presence." I've searched around and haven't found a solution. I'm rather new to the server management scene (command line was non-existant till around a year ago. =/), so I haven't found anything. Any help would be useful. "Similar Questions" popped this up, but it still seems to rely on vhost.conf, and will still allow changes within Plesk to overwrite the changes.

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• DNS requests failing from computers that can ping DNS server

  - by dunxd

  I have a situation where computers in some of our remote offices from time to time lose the ability to use our DNS server (in head office) to resolve hostnames. The offices are connected via VPN using Cisco ASA 5505 (VPNclient config rather than Site to Site). Ping to the IP address of the DNS server works. But nslookup will get a "no response from server" message. Computers in other locations can use DNS fine. This is an intermittent problem. One day/hour it works, another it doesn't. Other offices connected in the same way work when another doesn't. No config changes have been made on routers around the time we see the problem. Some users have reported that the problem goes away after doing a repair connection in Windows XP. I think this could be caused by the DNS cache being flushed as part of this - the Windows DNS cache makes the intermittent problem look less so because it caches failed lookups as well as successful ones. However, it is possible some other aspect of Windows is involved. Windows 7 clients have also had the same problem. Any pointers on deeper troubleshooting, or anyone else found this?

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• Running Debian as guest operating system on a Hyper-V VM

  - by kce

  Hello. Layer-9 considerations are prompting a migration from Citrix XenServer to Hyper-V as our shop's virtualization platform of choice. This will require me to migrate our existing virtual machines from XenServer to Hyper-V. A hand full of these VMs are running Debian. Unfortunately, Debian does not seem to be on the list of approved/supported guest operating systems. In fact it seems that running Debian as a guest operating system of is rather difficult, although apparently not impossible. I have two interrelated questions: Does anyone have any experience running a Debian guest on Hyper-V? Is it one of those things where it just will not work at all or is more along the lines of "it will probably work fine, but we won't support it". Any experience here, positive or negative, would be helpful. How much of a bad idea is it to deviate from Hyper-V's list of supported guest operating systems? Again, is it either basically asking for Bad Things (TM) to happen or is just another instance of "it will probably work fine, but we won't support it"? Or is it somewhere in the middle? Thank you.

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• Are there any custom keyboard available for laptops

  - by Ahe

  My work laptop is a HP elitebook 8560w which I mainly use for programming. Usually I have a external keyboard but recently I have been working out of office and therefore have been using the laptops own keyboard. One thing has really started to bug me. The keyboard layout of this 15.6" laptop contains numpad but the arrow keys are really bad (too small). Also when programming, I really miss a standard inverted T-arrow keys and the home/end/PgUp/PgDn buttons. Then it occurred to me; I would rather give up a numpad than a standard arrow keys. (The keyboard real estate in 15.6" laptop would allow this, and I really have to agree with Jeff Atwood here http://www.codinghorror.com/blog/2009/02/have-keyboard-will-program.html) Which brings me to my question. Do any laptop manufacturers make custom keyboards for their laptops or is there some third party manufacturer who could supply these kind of special keyboards? Quick googling on this doesn't give any meaningful results. Looks like that I have to carry an external keyboard with me if someone here can't give any pointers.

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• MS Word 2010: Hide citation title when 2 publications by same first author from different years are in one citation block

  - by srunni

  I'm trying to hide the display of the titles for two publications by the same first author from different years that are in the same citation block. By default, the title is shown in citations when there are two publications by the same author in a given document. The easiest way to get around this is to right click on the citation, click "Edit Citation", and then suppress the title. However, the issue with this is that if there are 2 citations in 1 citation block (i.e., "(Smith, J., et al. 2010, Smith, J., et al. 2011)" rather than "(Smith, J., et al. 2010) (Smith, J., et al. 2011)"), then using that suppress option only suppresses the title for the first citation (in this case, the 2010 publication). OTOH, if I try to initially insert the publications in separate citation blocks, I can suppress the title in both citations, but I can't cut and paste one into the other's citation block. I can click "Cut" and the citation that was just cut disappears, but the "Paste" option is not available when my cursor is in the second citation block. Any ideas? Thanks!

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• Setup Firefox to save .pages as .zip automatically

  - by Mike Dtrick

  What do I want to do? I would like Firefox to save files with the .pages extension as .zip files automatically. Scenario You are browsing through your emails and you notice your friend just sent you an email with a file attached (a .pages in this example). Unfortunately, you have a laptop that runs Windows. Your friend continues to send tons of emails with .pages files attached and you are tired of manually saving the files as a .zip file. Ultimately, you would like Firefox to be set up so that the download/file manager recognizes the .pages extension and automatically converts it to a .zip file. What have I done? I have saved files manually by selecting save as "All Files" and setting the extension to .zip. I've gone through Firefox and their documentation and have not found anything on how to complete this task. Why am I doing this? To save time (only a few seconds, not the main reason). I would like to setup a simple solution that "converts" a file automatically without having to recall steps on how to achieve the task manually (for clients who aren't exactly tech savvy). So that clients with Windows can access the files. IMPORTANT NOTE: I am not trying to save the web page, rather an Apple document equivalent to Microsoft Word. UPDATE: The really easy method would be to save one file, right click it, choose properties and open all .pages files up with WinRAR (or any other program that extracts files from a compressed folder). For the sake of learning, I am going to "neglect" this method and continue to do some research on Firefox add-ons. I would still like to have Firefox or the download manager to do the bulk of the work for converting the file.

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• Will these instructions work when turning of journaling on a n ext4 SSD?

  - by snowlord

  I have an Acer Aspire One with an SSD for storage. I recently installed Ubuntu on it and chose ext4 for my filesystem. Then I read that journaling on an SSD isn't the best idea, so I will try to disable journaling and I have found these intstructions (from http://fenidik.blogspot.com/2010/03/ext4-disable-journal.html): # Create ext4 fs on /dev/sda10 disk mkfs.ext4 /dev/sda10 # Enable writeback mode. This mode will typically provide the best ext4 performance. tune2fs -o journal_data_writeback /dev/sda10 # Delete has_journal option tune2fs -O ^has_journal /dev/sda10 # Required fsck e2fsck -f /dev/sda10 # Check fs options dumpe2fs /dev/sda10 |more For more performance add fstab opions: data=writeback,noatime,nodiratime i.e: /dev/sda10 /opt ext4 defaults,data=writeback,noatime,nodiratime 0 0 I will use them on my boot partition. Are there any particularly bad parts here, or are there any missing steps? Will my boot partition be fit for being on an SSD after this? Or should I consider switching to ext2, or even reinstall it all and choose ext2 at partitioning time (I'd rather not though, since I've configured quite some stuff already)?

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• Web-based SVG or JavaScript Org Chart or Tree Graph Plotting Visualization API

  - by asoltys

  Hi, I'm looking to build an interactive web-based org chart for a large organization. I somewhat like the interface at ancestry.com where you can hover over people and pan/zoom around and click on different nodes to make them the root. Ideally, I'd like it if people could belong to multiple organizational entities like committees, working groups, etc. In other words the API should support graphs in general, not just trees. I'd like to be able to visually explode each organizational substructure into substituents by clicking on it, with a nice animation of the employees ballooning or spilling out so you can really interactively drill down through the organization. I found http://code.google.com/apis/visualization/documentation/gallery/orgchart.html but it looks a bit rudimentary. I know there are desktop tools like OrgPlus and Visio that can build static charts but I'm really looking for a free, web-based API with open standards-based output like SVG or HTML5 Canvas elements rather than Flash or some proprietary output. Something I can embed into a custom web application and style myself. Something interactive.

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• Disable the user of Internet explorer through policies when called from HTML help

  - by Stephane

  Hello, I have a locked down environment where users are prohibited from doing, well, basically anything but run the specific programs we specify. We just switched a program from using the venerable "WinHELP" help format to HTML help (CHM) but that seem to have an unwanted and rather dangerous side effect: when a user click on a hyperlink inside the HTML help, a new internet explorer window is opened and the user is free to browse and do terrible things to my server (well, not that much, but still...) I have checked the session in this case and the IE window is actually hosted within the help engine: there is no iexplore.exe process running in the user session (and it cannot: it's explicitly prohibited). We have disable all help right now until we find a solution. I'm working with the help team to have all external URLs removed from the help file but that is going to be a long and error-prone task. Meanwhile, I've checked all the group policies option but I have to say that I was unable to find anything that would prevent a standalone IE window hosted in a random process from running. I don't want to disable WinHTTP or the IE rendering engine or anything of the sort. But I need to prevent all users members of a specific AD user group from ever having an IE window displayed to them. The servers are running Windows 2003 and Citrix metaframe 4.5. Thanks in advance

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• One-To-Many Powershell Scripts

  - by Matt

  I'm trying to create a script to run as a scheduled task, which will run against multiple servers and retrieve some information. To start with, I populate the list of servers by querying AD for all servers that match a certain set of criteria, using Get-ADComputer. The problem is, the list is returned as an object, which I can't then pass to the New-PSSession list. I have tried converting it to a comma-seperated string by doing the following: foreach ($server in $serverlist) {$newlist += $server.Name + ","} but this still doesn't work. the alternative is to iterate through the list and run the various commands against each server one at a time, but my preference would be to avoid this and run them using one-to-many remoting. UPDATE: To clarify what I want to end up being able to do is using -ComputerName $serverlist, so I want $serverlist to be a string rather than an object. UPDATE 2: Thanks for all the suggestions. Between them and my original method I'm starting to wonder whether -ComputerName can accept a string variable? I've got varying degrees of success getting the list of computers converted to a comma separated string, but no matter how I do it I always get invalid network address.

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• Automate creation of Windows startup script?

  - by Niten

  Is there a good way to automate installing local startup (rather than login) scripts in Windows XP and Windows 7, via the command line, WMI, or otherwise (even COM or Win32 if it comes to that)? I need to setup a local startup script on a large number of computers, and unfortunately, Active Directory is absolutely not an option. I would like to write a script or small program that I can run on each computer to perform the startup script installation in order to save myself a lot of error-prone point-and-click manual labor. I see that when one uses gpedit.msc to create a local startup script, information about the script gets stored in the registry here: HKLM\Software\Policies\Microsoft\Windows\System\Scripts\Startup However, if you create such a script and then delete its registry key, the script will remain listed in the local Group Policy editor; as is so often the case in Windows, apparently there is more going on there than meets the eye. This leads me to question whether it's safe to manually add subkeys for new startup scripts here (I wouldn't want my script to be overwritten by later changes made using the local Group Policy editor, for instance)... Another option that's occurred to me is to create an item in the Task Scheduler configured to run at system startup. However, my concerns there are twofold: Can this be automated any more easily? For instance, the at command doesn't appear to let you schedule a task for system startup, and WMI's Win32_ScheduledJob interface looks unreliable (it fails to show any of my currently scheduled tasks, for one thing). Would I be able to prevent users from logging in until the scheduled startup task is completed, as can be done with "normal" Windows startup scripts? Thanks in advance for any suggestions, I've been banging my head against this one for a bit...

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• Setting up a Network Bridge on Linux VM (Windows 7 Host)

  - by GrandAdmiral

  I would like to use NetEm to simulate a low bandwidth environment while testing an Internet-connected device. My plan is to setup a bridge in a Linux VM (Linux Mint 13) on a Windows 7 host. Unfortunately I'm having trouble setting up the bridge. Then I can use NetEm in the Linux VM to limit the bandwidth to an external device. I went with the following script: ifconfig eth0 0.0.0.0 promisc up ifconfig eth1 0.0.0.0 promisc up Then create the bridge and bring it up: brctl addbr br0 brctl setfd br0 0 brctl addif br0 eth0 brctl addif br0 eth1 dhclient br0 ifconfig br0 up When I run that script, I see the following warning: Rather than invoking init scripts through /etc/init.d, use the service(8) utility, e.g. service smbd reload Since the script you are attempting to invoke has been converted to an Upstart job, you may also use the reload(8) utility, e.g. reload smbd The device connecting to the bridge is able to obtain an IP Address, but it can only ping the IP Address of the bridge (both are 10.2.32.xx). Then after a few minutes, other parts of our network go down. I'm not sure why, but once I kill the bridge the network is fine. Is it possible to setup a network bridge in a Linux VM? Do I need to do something else with the dhclient br0 part of the script? By the way, I'm using VirtualBox. The wired connection is eth0 and the wireless connection is eth1. The wired connection is connecting to the device and the wireless connection is going to the network. Both adapters are set up as bridged adapters with promiscuous mode set to "allow all".

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• pxe boot dos 7.x / 8.x on modern mainboard without floppy controller

  - by GitaarLAB

  How to pxe boot MS DOS 7.x / 8.x on a modern pc (mainboard without floppy controller) without using an external usb floppy drive? MS DOS 6.22 and earlier or other flavors pxe boot just fine on floppy-less hardware. But DOS 7.x and 8.x renders an error on boot: "Type the name of the Command Interpreter (e.g., C:\WINDOWS\COMMAND.COM) I read somewhere during research this was a rather unknown error, that started to become more common due to the advent of floppy-controller-less hardware. On some hardware (bios dependent) one could plug a usb-floppy-drive in the computer before booting (but that MIGHT also require it to be a "golden floppy drive" (as they where called back then). From a russian site (I read about a year ago and cannot find the hyperlink) MS-Dos versions 6.22 did some-kind of floppy-drive reset during initialization and since it couldn't connect to the floppy-host thus the error. How can I resolve this (without a physical external usb floppy)? Might there be some kind of virtual floppy-driver that could resolve this (for example to be loaded before the dos image loads)? Or could someone point me into the right direction (maybe even a hex-address and some further explanation or something)? I'm using syslinux by the way.

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• Cannot Access Shared Folder From IIS

  - by Tim Scott

  From IIS I need to access a folder on another computer. Both servers are Window 2008 SP2, and they live in a Virtual Private Cloud on Amazon EC2. They reach one another by private IP -- they are in WORKGROUP, not a domain. I can access the shared folder manually when logged in to the client as Administrator. But IIS gets "access denied." Here's what I have done: Set File Sharing = ON Set Password Protected Sharing = OFF Set Public Folder Sharing = ON Shared the folder Added permission to the share: Everyone, Full Control Added permission to the share: NETWORK SERVICE, Full Control Verified that File & Printer Sharing is checked in Windows Firewall Opened port 445 to inbound traffic from local sources I tried adding <remote-machine-name>\NETWORK SERVICE to the share but it says it does not recognize the machine, which makes sense, I guess. As I said, from the other computer I have no trouble accessing the shared folder from my user account, but IIS is shut out. How does the file server even know the difference? I would assume that with Everyone given full control and password protected sharing turned off, it would not matter what the client user account is. In any case, how to solve? UPDATE: To clarify, I am not trying to serve up files on the share directly through IIS. Rather I am writing files to the share from my code (System.IO).

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• Diagnosing a BSOD involving USB

  - by David Ebbo

  [Running Win7 Ultimate 64 bit] My new HP Pavilion Elite HPE-450t has been plagued by BSDO crashes since I got it about 5 weeks ago. The crashes are somewhat rare, sometimes not occurring for 3 or 4 days. I have spent a lot of time trying to isolate the device that could be at fault, but I have seen crashes with only the keyboard and mouse plugged in (as USB devices), and I tried two sets of keyboard/mouse, so I'm running out of ideas. :( The WhoCrashed tool gave this info about my latest BSOD: crash dump file: C:\Windows\Minidump\121310-11887-01.dmp This was probably caused by the following module: usbport.sys (USBPORT+0x2DE4E) Bugcheck code: 0xFE (0x5, 0xFFFFFA8008F571A0, 0x80863B34, 0xFFFFFA80092F2510) Error: BUGCODE_USB_DRIVER file path: C:\Windows\system32\drivers\usbport.sys product: Microsoft® Windows® Operating System company: Microsoft Corporation description: USB 1.1 & 2.0 Port Driver Bug check description: This indicates that an error has occurred in a Universal Serial Bus (USB) driver. The crash took place in a standard Microsoft module. Your system configuration may be incorrect. Possibly this problem is caused by another driver on your system which cannot be identified at this time. I looked at http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ff560407(VS.85).aspx, and for Parameter1 = 0x5, it says "A hardware failure has occurred due to a bad physical address found in a hardware data structure. This is not due to a driver bug". Should I conclude that it's a hardware issue in the machine itself, rather than a bad USB driver or USB device? Here is the MiniDump, in case someone can get more info out of it: http://ewt52q.blu.livefilestore.com/y1peS4Ce8nSK1SXghzMDoxDWXlaEu-EKCJsv25y8y5DXXIUzZ9U0_tYgFJXd939fykwa0zRmx98IW0PYG18GioqKAuARYjtspSA/121310-11887-01.dmp?download&psid=2

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• How to troubleshoot when one has no idea where to start?

  - by Chris Walton

  I am looking for hints, tips and answers on how to get started on troubleshooting when: The problem is intermittent The problem could lie literally anywhere - operating system; free source software; my own software developments; purchased software; crumbs on the keyboard; the specific combination of software I am currently running; Maxwell's demon; the little blue men actually running the machine have gone on strike; etc. I have expertise only in a few of the areas that are potential candidates for the cause of the problem. The specific problem I am having is detailed below as an example, but I am not seeking answers to my current problem, but rather where and how to start on tackling such problems. I am currently encountering a problem with my new machine. On a few occasions the machine has just frozen; not accepting keystrokes, mouseclicks, or anything except the power on/off switch. Invariably I have been merely browsing the web; I have had a few (<= 6 other applications) running. None of these applications are major; and represent a mix of commercial programs and open source programs, typically migrated from Unix of some variety. My machine is a Windows 7 I7 quad core laptop.

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• How should I set up protection for the database against sql injection when all the php scripts are flawed?

  - by Tchalvak

  I've inherited a php web app that is very insecure, with a history of sql injection. I can't fix the scripts immediately, I rather need them to be running to have the website running, and there are too many php scripts to deal with from the php end first. I do, however, have full control over the server and the software on the server, including full control over the mysql database and it's users. Let's estimate it at something like 300 scripts overall, 40 semi-private scripts, and 20 private/secure scripts. So my question is how best to go about securing the data, with the implicit assumption that sql injection from the php side (e.g. somewhere in that list of 300 scripts) is inevitable? My first-draft plan is to create multiple tiers of different permissioned users in the mysql database. In this way I can secure the data & scripts in most need of securing first ("private/secure" category), then the second tier of database tables & scripts ("semi-private"), and finally deal with the security of the rest of the php app overall (with the result of finally securing the database tables that essentially deal with "public" information, e.g. stuff that even just viewing the homepage requires). So, 3 database users (public, semi-private, and secure), with a different user connecting for each of three different groups of scripts (the secure scripts, the semi-private scripts, and the public scripts). In this way, I can prevent all access to "secure" from "public" or from "semi-private", and to "semi-private" from "public". Are there other alternatives that I should look into? If a tiered access system is the way to go, what approaches are best?

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• hosts.deny not blocking ip addresses

  - by Jamie

  I have the following in my /etc/hosts.deny file # # hosts.deny This file describes the names of the hosts which are # *not* allowed to use the local INET services, as decided # by the '/usr/sbin/tcpd' server. # # The portmap line is redundant, but it is left to remind you that # the new secure portmap uses hosts.deny and hosts.allow. In particular # you should know that NFS uses portmap! ALL:ALL and this in /etc/hosts.allow # # hosts.allow This file describes the names of the hosts which are # allowed to use the local INET services, as decided # by the '/usr/sbin/tcpd' server. # ALL:xx.xx.xx.xx , xx.xx.xxx.xx , xx.xx.xxx.xxx , xx.x.xxx.xxx , xx.xxx.xxx.xxx but i am still getting lots of these emails: Time: Thu Feb 10 13:39:55 2011 +0000 IP: 202.119.208.220 (CN/China/-) Failures: 5 (sshd) Interval: 300 seconds Blocked: Permanent Block Log entries: Feb 10 13:39:52 ds-103 sshd[12566]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root Feb 10 13:39:52 ds-103 sshd[12567]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root Feb 10 13:39:52 ds-103 sshd[12568]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root Feb 10 13:39:52 ds-103 sshd[12571]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root Feb 10 13:39:53 ds-103 sshd[12575]: pam_unix(sshd:auth): authentication failure; logname= uid=0 euid=0 tty=ssh ruser= rhost=202.119.208.220 user=root whats worse is csf is trying to auto block these ip's when the attempt to get in but although it does put ip's in the csf.deny file they do not get blocked either So i am trying to block all ip's with /etc/hosts.deny and allow only the ip's i use with /etc/hosts.allow but so far it doesn't seem to work. right now i'm having to manually block each one with iptables, I would rather it automatically block the hackers in case I was away from a pc or asleep

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