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  • Returning c_str from a function

    - by user199421
    This is from a small library that I found online: const char* GetHandStateBrief(const PostFlopState* state) { static std::ostringstream out; ... rest of the function ... return out.str().c_str() Now in my code I am doing this: const char *d = GetHandStateBrief(&post); std::cout<< d << std::endl; Now, at first d contained garbage. I then realized that the c string I am getting from the function is destroyed when the function returns because std::ostringstream is allocated on the stack. So I added: return strdup( out.str().c_str()); And now I can get the text I need from the function. I have two questions: 1) Am I understanding this correctly? 2) I later noticed that the ostringstream was was allocated with static storage. Doesn't that mean that the object is supposed to stay in memory until the program terminates? and if so , then why can't I access the string?

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  • Visitor Pattern can be replaced with Callback functions?

    - by getit
    Is there any significant benefit to using either technique? In case there are variations, the Visitor Pattern I mean is this: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visitor_pattern And below is an example of using a delegate to achieve the same effect (at least I think it is the same) Say there is a collection of nested elements: Schools contain Departments which contain Students Instead of using the Visitor pattern to perform something on each collection item, why not use a simple callback (Action delegate in C#) Say something like this class Department { List Students; } class School { List Departments; VisitStudents(Action<Student> actionDelegate) { foreach(var dep in this.Departments) { foreach(var stu in dep.Students) { actionDelegate(stu); } } } } School A = new School(); ...//populate collections A.Visit((student)=> { ...Do Something with student... }); *EDIT Example with delegate accepting multiple params Say I wanted to pass both the student and department, I could modify the Action definition like so: Action class School { List Departments; VisitStudents(Action<Student, Department> actionDelegate, Action<Department> d2) { foreach(var dep in this.Departments) { d2(dep); //This performs a different process. //Using Visitor pattern would avoid having to keep adding new delegates. //This looks like the main benefit so far foreach(var stu in dep.Students) { actionDelegate(stu, dep); } } } }

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  • Is the Java classpath final after JVM startup?

    - by Jens
    Hi, I have read a lot about the Java class loading process lately. Often I came across texts that claimed that it is not possible to add classes to the classpath during runtime and load them without class loader hackery (URLClassLoaders etc.) As far as I know classes are loaded dynamically. That means their bytecode representation is only loaded and transformed to a java.lang.Class object when needed. So shouldn't it be possible to add a JAR or *.class file to the classpath after the JVM started and load those classes, provided they haven't been loaded yet? (To be clear: In this case the classpath is simple folder on the filesystem. "Adding a JAR or *.class file" simply means dropping them in this folder.) And if not, does that mean that the classpath is searched on JVM startup and all fully qualified names of the found classes are cached in an internal "list"? It would be nice of you if you could point me to some sources in your answers. Preferably the offical SUN documentation: Sun JVM Spec. I have read the spec but could not find anything about the classpath and if it's finalized on JVM startup. P.s. This is a theoretical question. I just want to know if it is possible. There is nothing practical I want to achieve. There is just my thirst for knowledge :)

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  • Validate HAML from ActiveRecord: scope/controller/helpers for link_to etc?

    - by Chris Boyle
    I like HAML. So much, in fact, that in my first Rails app, which is the usual blog/CMS thing, I want to render the body of my Page model using HAML. So here is app/views/pages/_body.html.haml: .entry-content= Haml::Engine.new(body, :format => :html5).render ...and it works (yay, recursion). What I'd like to do is validate the HAML in the body when creating or updating a Page. I can almost do that, but I'm stuck on the scope argument to render. I have this in app/models/page.rb: validates_each :body do |record, attr, value| begin Haml::Engine.new(value, :format => :html5).render(record) rescue Exception => e record.errors.add attr, "line #{(e.respond_to? :line) && e.line || 'unknown'}: #{e.message}" end end You can see I'm passing record, which is a Page, but even that doesn't have a controller, and in particular doesn't have any helpers like link_to, so as soon as a Page uses any of that it's going to fail to validate even when it would actually render just fine. So I guess I need a controller as scope for this, but accessing that from here in the model (where the validator is) is a big MVC no-no, and as such I don't think Rails gives me a way to do it. (I mean, I suppose I could stash a controller in some singleton somewhere or something, but... excuse me while I throw up.) What's the least ugly way to properly validate HAML in an ActiveRecord validator?

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  • What exactly is a reentrant function?

    - by eSKay
    Most of the times, the definition of reentrance is quoted from Wikipedia: A computer program or routine is described as reentrant if it can be safely called again before its previous invocation has been completed (i.e it can be safely executed concurrently). To be reentrant, a computer program or routine: Must hold no static (or global) non-constant data. Must not return the address to static (or global) non-constant data. Must work only on the data provided to it by the caller. Must not rely on locks to singleton resources. Must not modify its own code (unless executing in its own unique thread storage) Must not call non-reentrant computer programs or routines. How is safely defined? If a program can be safely executed concurrently, does it always mean that it is reentrant? What exactly is the common thread between the six points mentioned that I should keep in mind while checking my code for reentrant capabilities? Also, Are all recursive functions reentrant? Are all thread-safe functions reentrant? Are all recursive and thread-safe functions reentrant? While writing this question, one thing comes to mind: Are the terms like reentrance and thread safety absolute at all i.e. do they have fixed concrete definations? For, if they are not, this question is not very meaningful. Thanks!

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  • Eclipse PDT "tips" ?

    - by Pascal MARTIN
    Hi ! (Yes, this is a quite opened and general and subjective question -- it's by design, cause I want tips you think are great !) I'm using Eclipse PDT 2.1 to work in PHP, either for small and/or big projects -- I've been doing so for quite some times, now, actually (since before 1.0 stable, if I remember well)... I was wondering if any of you did know "tips" to be more efficient. Let met explain more in details : I know about things like plugins like Aptana (better editor for JS/CSS), Subversive (for SVN access), RSE, Filesync, integrating Xdebug's debugger, ... What I mean by "tips" is more some little things you discovered one day and since use all the time -- and allow you to be more efficient in your PHP projects. Some examples of "tips" that come to my mind, and that already know and use : ctrl+space to open the list of suggestions for functions / variables names ctrl+shift+R (navigate > open resource) to open a popup which show only files which names contain what you type ; ie, quick opening of files this one might be the perfect example : I know this one is not often known by coworkers and they find it as useful as I do ; so, I guess there might be lots of other things like this one I don't know myself ^^ ctrl+M to switch to full-screen view for the editor (instead of double-click on tabs bar) shift+F2 while on a function name, to open it's page if the PHP manual in a browser Attention Mac Users use Command instead Control. I guess you get the point ; but I'm really open to any suggestion (be it eclipse-related in general, of more PHP/PDT-specific) that can help be be more efficient :-) Anyway, thanks in advance for your help !

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  • After Delete Trigger Fires Only After Delete?

    - by Brandi
    I thought "after delete" meant that the trigger is not fired until after the delete has already taken place, but here is my situation... I made 3, nearly identical SQL CLR after delete triggers in C#, which worked beautifully for about a month. Suddenly, one of the three stopped working while an automated delete tool was run on it. By stopped working, I mean, records could not be deleted from the table via client software. Disabling the trigger caused deletes to be allowed, but re-enabling it interfered with the ability to delete. So my question is 'how can this be the case?' Is it possible the tool used on it futzed up the memory? It seems like even if the trigger threw an exception, if it is AFTER delete, shouldn't the records be gone? All the trigger looks like is this: ALTER TRIGGER [sysdba].[AccountTrigger] ON [sysdba].[ACCOUNT] AFTER DELETE AS EXTERNAL NAME [SQL_IO].[SQL_IO.WriteFunctions].[AccountTrigger] GO The CLR trigger does one select and one insert into another database. I don't yet know if there are any errors from SQL Server Mgmt Studio, but will update the question after I find out.

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  • PDO using singleton stored as class properity

    - by Misiur
    Hi again. OOP drives me crazy. I can't move PDO to work. Here's my DB class: class DB extends PDO { public function &instance($dsn, $username = null, $password = null, $driver_options = array()) { static $instance = null; if($instance === null) { try { $instance = new self($dsn, $username, $password, $driver_options); } catch(PDOException $e) { throw new DBException($e->getMessage()); } } return $instance; } } It's okay when i do something like this: try { $db = new DB(DB_TYPE.':host='.DB_HOST.';dbname='.DB_NAME, DB_USER, DB_PASS); } catch(DBException $e) { echo $e->getMessage(); } But this: try { $db = DB::instance(DB_TYPE.':host='.DB_HOST.';dbname='.DB_NAME, DB_USER, DB_PASS); } catch(DBException $e) { echo $e->getMessage(); } Does nothing. I mean, even when I use wrong password/username, I don't get any exception. Second thing - I have class which is "heart" of my site: class Core { static private $instance; public $db; public function __construct() { if(!self::$instance) { $this->db = DB::instance(DB_TYPE.':hpost='.DB_HOST.';dbname='.DB_NAME, DB_USER, DB_PASS); } return self::$instance; } private function __clone() { } } I've tried to use "new DB" inside class, but this: $r = $core->db->query("SELECT * FROM me_config"); print_r($r->fetch()); Return nothing. $sql = "SELECT * FROM me_config"; print_r($core->db->query($sql)); I get: PDOStatement Object ( [queryString] => SELECT * FROM me_config ) I'm really confused, what am I doing wrong?

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  • In which year was the date the same as the original year?

    - by Marta
    It's my first question on this site, but I always found this site really useful. What I mean with my question is: you ask the person to give a date (eg. Fill in a date [dd-mm-yyyy]: 16-10-2013) you than have to ask an interval between 2 years (eg. Give an interval [yyyy-yyyy]:1800-2000) When the program runs, it has to show what day of the week the given date is. In this case it was a Wednesday. Than the program has to look in which year, in between the interval, the date 16 October also fell on a Wednesday. So in the end it has to look something like this: Fill in a date: [dd-mm-yyyy]: 16-10-2013 Give an interval [yyyy-yyyy]: 1900-2000 16 October was a wednesday in the following years: 1905 1911 1916 1922 1933 1939 1944 1950 1961 1967 1972 1978 1989 1995 2000 The full date is Wednesday 16 October, 2013 The small (or biggest) problem is, I am not allowed to use the DATE.function in java. If someone can help me with the second part I would be really really happy, cause I have no idea how I am supposed to do this To find out what day of the week the given date falls, I use the Zeller Congruence class Day { Date date; //To grab the month and year form the Date class int day; final static String[] DAYS_OF_WEEK = { "Saturday", "Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday" }; public void dayWeekInterval{ //code to grab the interval from interval Class, and doing stuff here } public void dayOfTheWeek { int m = date.getMonth(); int y = date.getYear(); if (m < 3) { m += 12; y -= 1; } int k = y % 100; int j = y / 100; int day = ((q + (((m + 1) * 26) / 10) + k + (k / 4) + (j / 4)) + (5 * j)) % 7; return day; } public string ToString(){ return "" + DAYS_OF_WEEK[day] + day; } }

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  • When memory is actually freeded?

    - by zhyk
    Hello all. I'm trying to understand memory management stuff in Objective-C. If I see the memory usage listed by Activity Monitor, it looks like memory is not being freed (I mean column rsize). But in "Object Allocations" everything looks fine. Here is my simple code: #import <Foundation/Foundation.h> int main (int argc, const char * argv[]) { NSAutoreleasePool * pool = [[NSAutoreleasePool alloc] init]; NSInteger i, k=10000; while (k>0) { NSMutableArray *array = [[NSMutableArray alloc]init]; for (i=0;i<1000*k; i++) { NSString *srtring = [[NSString alloc] initWithString:@"string...."]; [array addObject:srtring]; [srtring release]; srtring = nil; } [array release]; array = nil; k-=500; } [NSThread sleepForTimeInterval:5]; [pool release]; return 0; } As for retain and release it's cool, everything is balanced. But rsize decreases only after quitting from this little program. Is it possible to "clean" memory somehow before quitting?

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  • How to remove the small of padding around the ListBoxItem?

    - by Darf Zon
    I'm styling a listBox. i'm trying to clear the margins, so I realized which it, I set the padding of the style to 0 (left padding). But I can still seeing some margin in it, and I need to have no margin in it? Does you know which would be the problem? <ListBox ItemsSource="{Binding Partitions}"> <ListBox.ItemsPanel> <ItemsPanelTemplate> <Canvas /> </ItemsPanelTemplate> </ListBox.ItemsPanel> <ListBox.ItemContainerStyle> <Style TargetType="ListBoxItem"> <Setter Property="Padding" Value="0"/> <Setter Property="Canvas.Top"> ... </Setter> </Style> </ListBox.ItemContainerStyle> I mean, I can see an extra space around the item and I can't handle it to modify to 0.

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  • SQL Server INSERT, Scope_Identity() and physical writing to disc

    - by TheBlueSky
    Hello everyone, I have a stored procedure that does, among other stuff, some inserts in different table inside a loop. See the example below for clearer understanding: INSERT INTO T1 VALUES ('something') SET @MyID = Scope_Identity() ... some stuff go here INSERT INTO T2 VALUES (@MyID, 'something else') ... The rest of the procedure These two tables (T1 and T2) have an IDENTITY(1, 1) column in each one of them, let's call them ID1 and ID2; however, after running the procedure in our production database (very busy database) and having more than 6250 records in each table, I have noticed one incident where ID1 does not match ID2! Although normally for each record inserted in T1, there is record inserted in T2 and the identity column in both is incremented consistently. The "wrong" records were something like that: ID1 Col1 ---- --------- 4709 data-4709 4710 data-4710 ID2 ID1 Col1 ---- ---- --------- 4709 4710 data-4709 4710 4709 data-4710 Note the "inverted", ID1 in the second table. Knowing not that much about SQL Server underneath operations, I have put the following "theory", maybe someone can correct me on this. What I think is that because the loop is faster than physically writing to the table, and/or maybe some other thing delayed the writing process, the records were buffered. When it comes the time to write them, they were wrote in no particular order. Is that even possible if no, how to explain the above mentioned scenario? If yes, then I have another question to rise. What if the first insert (from the code above) got delayed? Doesn't that mean I won't get the correct IDENTITY to insert into the second table? If the answer of this is also yes, what can I do to insure the insertion in the two tables will happen in sequence with the correct IDENTITY? I appreciate any comment and information that help me understand this. Thanks in advance.

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  • Integrate OpenId into an existing site

    - by Andrea
    I have a working web application which already has a login and registration system. I'm looking for some advice on how to do it. Until now, users have a username, an email, a password and some optional fields. The registrartion is the usual process with email confirmation. Now I'd like to allow users to use OpenId. So I have added an openid field to the table. There are two different login forms, and users which are already registered can add their openid info and use either login form. The problem is with new users who come on the site for the first time and try to login with OpenId. I create a new user for them, and I don't need a password, but still I need at least a username, which is used on the site (I'm not sure if the email is needed). So my problems are: 1) How do I manage validation? Some fields are required for some users, (e.g. a password) but not for some others. I mean, I can do this, but it immediately gets messy. 2) Should I ask for a username and email on the first OpenId login? On the one hand I'd say yes, but I fear this vanishes the advantages of using OpenId, that is, not having to provide details. 3) I could get the details via SReg or AttributeExchange, but most providers have a bad support for those. For instance my Gmail OpenId account does not tell the email (!). Is there some place to learn more about the current support for these extensions?

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  • Ajax: Add new <div> from JSON with jQuery

    - by Francesc
    Hi, In a page I have this HTML code: <div id="content"> <div class="container"> <div id="author">@Francesc</div> <div id="message"Hey World!</div <div id="time"13/06/2010 11:53 GMT</div </div> <div class="container"> <div id="author">@SomeOtherUser</div> <div id="message"Bye World!</div <div id="time"13/06/2010 14:53 GMT</div </div> <div class="container"> <div id="author">@Me</div> <div id="message"Hey World!</div <div id="time"13/06/2010 18:53 GMT</div </div> </div> I want to ask, how to get a JSON file, from the server that has more recent messages and put them to the top, I mean above the first <div class="container">. Another question, it's possible to pass with GET when submiting the request to the server, the time of last update? How can I do it? Thanks.

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  • Tips for Using Multiple Development Systems

    - by Tim Lytle
    When I travel, I don't pack up the desktop I use in the office and take it with me. Maybe I should, but I don't. However, since I'm a contract programmer I like to be able to work wherever I am: I'm mostly thinking of web development here. Version Control goes a long way in keeping sane and working on multiple projects on multiple systems (two or three computers); however, there are the issues of: IDE settings - different display sizes mean the IDE settings can't be completely synced, if at all. Database - if the database is 'external' (even if it's running on the same system, it's not in version control), how do you maintain the needed syncs of structure. Development Stack - Some projects need non-standard extensions, libraries, etc installed. Just an overview of some of the hassle involved with developing on multiple systems. I'll probably end up asking some specific questions, but I thought a CW style tips might reveal some things I would even think to ask about. Update: I guess this would also address tips to make upgrading/replacing your development system easier (something I've just done). So, one tip per answer please, so the 'top' tips are easy to find. How do you make it easier to develop on multiple systems, or to transfer work after upgrading/replaceing a development system?

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  • How do you prove a function works?

    - by glenn I.
    I've recently gotten the testing religion and have started primarily with unit testing. I code unit tests which illustrate that a function works under certain cases, specifically using the exact inputs I'm using. I may do a number of unit tests to exercise the function. Still, I haven't actually proved anything other than the function does what I expect it to do under the scenarios I've tested. There may be other inputs and scenarios I haven't thought of and thinking of edge cases is expensive, particularly on the margins. This is all not very satisfying to do me. When I start to think of having to come up with tests to satisfy branch and path coverage and then integration testing, the prospective permutations can become a little maddening. So, my question is, how can one prove (in the same vein of proving a theorem in mathematics) that a function works (and, in a perfect world, compose these 'proofs' into a proof that a system works)? Is there a certain area of testing that covers an approach where you seek to prove a system works by proving that all of its functions work? Does anybody outside of academia bother with an approach like this? Are there tools and techniques to help? I realize that my use of the word 'work' is not precise. I guess I mean that a function works when it does what some spec (written or implied) states that it should do and does nothing other than that. Note, I'm not a mathematician, just a programmer.

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  • SQL Server problems reading columns with a foreign key

    - by illdev
    I have a weird situation, where simple queries seem to never finish for instance SELECT top 100 ArticleID FROM Article WHERE ProductGroupID=379114 returns immediately SELECT top 1000 ArticleID FROM Article WHERE ProductGroupID=379114 never returns SELECT ArticleID FROM Article WHERE ProductGroupID=379114 never returns SELECT top 1000 ArticleID FROM Article returns immediately By 'returning' I mean 'in query analyzer the green check mark appears and it says "Query executed successfully"'. I sometimes get the rows painted to the grid in qa, but still the query goes on waiting for my client to time out - 'sometimes': SELECT ProductGroupID AS Product23_1_, ArticleID AS ArticleID1_, ArticleID AS ArticleID18_0_, Inventory_Name AS Inventory3_18_0_, Inventory_UnitOfMeasure AS Inventory4_18_0_, BusinessKey AS Business5_18_0_, Name AS Name18_0_, ServesPeople AS ServesPe7_18_0_, InStock AS InStock18_0_, Description AS Descript9_18_0_, Description2 AS Descrip10_18_0_, TechnicalData AS Technic11_18_0_, IsDiscontinued AS IsDisco12_18_0_, Release AS Release18_0_, Classifications AS Classif14_18_0_, DistributorName AS Distrib15_18_0_, DistributorProductCode AS Distrib16_18_0_, Options AS Options18_0_, IsPromoted AS IsPromoted18_0_, IsBulkyFreight AS IsBulky19_18_0_, IsBackOrderOnly AS IsBackO20_18_0_, Price AS Price18_0_, Weight AS Weight18_0_, ProductGroupID AS Product23_18_0_, ConversationID AS Convers24_18_0_, DistributorID AS Distrib25_18_0_, type AS Type18_0_ FROM Article AS articles0_ WHERE (IsDiscontinued = '0') AND (ProductGroupID = 379121) shows this behavior. I have no idea what is going on. Probably select is broken ;) I got a foreign key on ProductGroups ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Article] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [FK_ProductGroup_Articles] FOREIGN KEY([ProductGroupID]) REFERENCES [dbo].[ProductGroup] ([ProductGroupID]) GO ALTER TABLE [dbo].[Article] CHECK CONSTRAINT [FK_ProductGroup_Articles] there are some 6000 rows and IsDiscontinued is a bit, not null, but leaving this condition out does not change the outcome. Anyone can tell me how to handle such a situation? More info, anyone? Additional Info: this does not seem to be restricted to this Foreign Key, but all/some referencing this entity.

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  • InvalidOperationException: The Undo operation encountered a context that is different from what was

    - by McN
    I got the following exception: Exception Type: System.InvalidOperationException Exception Message: The Undo operation encountered a context that is different from what was applied in the corresponding Set operation. The possible cause is that a context was Set on the thread and not reverted(undone). Exception Stack: at System.Threading.SynchronizationContextSwitcher.Undo() at System.Threading.ExecutionContextSwitcher.Undo() at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.runFinallyCode(Object userData, Boolean exceptionThrown) at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.RuntimeHelpers.ExecuteBackoutCodeHelper(Object backoutCode, Object userData, Boolean exceptionThrown) at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.RuntimeHelpers.ExecuteCodeWithGuaranteedCleanup(TryCode code, CleanupCode backoutCode, Object userData) at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.RunInternal(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state) at System.Threading.ExecutionContext.Run(ExecutionContext executionContext, ContextCallback callback, Object state) at System.Net.ContextAwareResult.Complete(IntPtr userToken) at System.Net.LazyAsyncResult.ProtectedInvokeCallback(Object result, IntPtr userToken) at System.Net.Sockets.BaseOverlappedAsyncResult.CompletionPortCallback(UInt32 errorCode, UInt32 numBytes, NativeOverlapped* nativeOverlapped) at System.Threading._IOCompletionCallback.PerformIOCompletionCallback(UInt32 errorCode, UInt32 numBytes, NativeOverlapped* pOVERLAP) Exception Source: mscorlib Exception TargetSite.Name: Undo Exception HelpLink: The application is a Visual Studio 2005 (.Net 2.0) console application. It is a server for multiple TCP/IP connections, doing asynchronous socket reads and synchronous socket writes. In searching for an answer I came across this post which talks about a call to Application.Doevents() which I don't use in my code. I also found this post which has a resolution involved with Component which I also don't use in my code. The application does reference a library that I created that contains custom user controls and components, but they are not being used by the application. Question: What caused this to happen and how do I prevent this from happening again? Or a more realistic question: What does this exception actually mean? How is "context" defined in this situation? Anything that can help me understand what is going on would be very much appreciated.

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  • Extend and Overload MS and Point Types

    - by dr d b karron
    Do I have make my own Point and Vector types to overload them ? Why does this not work ? namespace System . windows { public partial struct Point : IFormattable { public static Point operator * ( Point P , double D ) { Point Po = new Point ( ); return Po; } } } namespace SilverlightApplication36 { public partial class MainPage : UserControl { public static void ShrinkingRectangle ( WriteableBitmap wBM , int x1 , int y1 , int x2 , int y2 , Color C ) { wBM . DrawRectangle ( x1 , y1 , x2 , y2 , Colors . Red ); Point Center = Mean ( x1 , y1 , x2 , y2 ); wBM . SetPixel ( Center , Colors.Blue , 3 ); Point P1 = new Point ( x1 , y1 ); Point P2 = new Point ( x1 , y2 ); Point P3 = new Point ( x1 , y2 ); Point P4 = new Point ( x2 , y1 ); const int Steps = 10; for ( int i = 0 ; i < Steps ; i++ ) { double iF = (double)(i+1) / (double)Steps; double jF = ( 1.0 - iF ); Point P11 = **P1 * jF;** } }

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  • Is it a good idea to use an integer column for storing US ZIP codes in a database?

    - by Yadyn
    From first glance, it would appear I have two basic choices for storing ZIP codes in a database table: Text (probably most common), i.e. char(5) or varchar(9) to support +4 extension Numeric, i.e. 32-bit integer Both would satisfy the requirements of the data, if we assume that there are no international concerns. In the past we've generally just gone the text route, but I was wondering if anyone does the opposite? Just from brief comparison it looks like the integer method has two clear advantages: It is, by means of its nature, automatically limited to numerics only (whereas without validation the text style could store letters and such which are not, to my knowledge, ever valid in a ZIP code). This doesn't mean we could/would/should forgo validating user input as normal, though! It takes less space, being 4 bytes (which should be plenty even for 9-digit ZIP codes) instead of 5 or 9 bytes. Also, it seems like it wouldn't hurt display output much. It is trivial to slap a ToString() on a numeric value, use simple string manipulation to insert a hyphen or space or whatever for the +4 extension, and use string formatting to restore leading zeroes. Is there anything that would discourage using int as a datatype for US-only ZIP codes?

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  • Comparing two Objects which implement the same interface for equality / equivalence - Design help

    - by gav
    Hi All, I have an interface and two objects implementing that interface, massively simplied; public interface MyInterface { public int getId(); public int getName(); ... } public class A implements MyInterface { ... } public class B implements MyInterface { ... } We are migrating from using one implementation to the other but I need to check that the objects of type B that are generated are equivalent to those of type A. Specifically I mean that for all of the interface methods an object of Type A and Type B will return the same value (I'm just checking my code for generating this objects is correct). How would you go about this? Map<String, MyInterface> oldGeneratedObjects = getOldGeneratedObjects(); Map<String, MyInterface> newGeneratedObjects = getNewGeneratedObjects(); // TODO: Establish that for each Key the Values in the two maps return equivalent values. I'm looking for good coding practices and style here. I appreciate that I could just iterate through one key set pulling out both objects which should be equivalent and then just call all the methods and compare, I'm just thinking there may be a cleaner, more extensible way and I'm interested to learn what options there might be. Would it be appropriate / possible / advised to override equals or implement Comparable? Thanks in advance, Gavin

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  • Using 'or' in Java Generics declaration

    - by Shervin
    I have a method that returns an instance of Map<String, List<Foo>> x(); and another method that returns an instance of Map<String, Collection<Foo>> y(); Now if I want to dynamically add one of this Maps in my field, how can I write the generics for it to work? ie: public class Bar { private Map<String, ? extends Collection<Foo>> myMap; public void initializer() { if(notImportant) myMap = x(); //OK else myMap = y(); // !OK (Need cast to (Map<String, ? extends Collection<Foo>>) } Now is it ok that I cast to the signature even though the y() is declared as being Collection? } } If it is not ok to cast, can I somehow write this (Collection OR List) I mean, List is a Collection, so it should somehow be possible. private Map<String, Collection<Foo> | List<Foo>>> myMap;

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  • How to start with entity framework and service oriented architecture?

    - by citronas
    At work I need to create a new web application, that will connection to an MySql Database. (So far I only have expercience with Linq-To-Sql classes and MSSQL Servers.) My superior tells me to use the entity framework (he probably refers to Linq-To-Entity) and provide everything as a service based architecture. Unfortunatly nobody at work has experience with that framework and with a real nice server oriented architecture. (till now no customer wanted to pay for architecture that he can't see. This speficic project I'm leading will be long-term, meaning multiple years, so it would be best to design it the way, that multiple targetting plattforms like asp.net, c# wpf, ... could use it) For now, the main target plattform is ASP.net So I do have the following questions: 1) Where can I read best what's really behind service oriented architecture (but for now beginner tutorials work fine as well) and how to do it in best practise? 2) So far I can't seem a real difference between Linq-To-Sql classes and the information I've google so far on the 'entity framework'. So, whats the difference? Where do I find nice tutorials for it. 3) Is there any difference in the entity framework regarding the database server (MSSQL or MySQL). If not, does that mean that code snipperts I will stumble across will word database independent? 4) I do you Visual Studio 2010. Do I have to regard something specific?

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  • Howto use predicates in LINQ to Entities for Entity Framework objects

    - by user274947
    I'm using LINQ to Entities for Entity Framework objects in my Data Access Layer. My goal is to filter as much as I can from the database, without applying filtering logic on in-memory results. For that purpose Business Logic Layer passes a predicate to Data Access Layer. I mean Func<MyEntity, bool> So, if I use this predicate directly, like public IQueryable<MyEntity> GetAllMatchedEntities(Func<MyEntity, Boolean> isMatched) { return qry = _Context.MyEntities.Where(x => isMatched(x)); } I'm getting the exception [System.NotSupportedException] --- {"The LINQ expression node type 'Invoke' is not supported in LINQ to Entities."} Solution in that question suggests to use AsExpandable() method from LINQKit library. But again, using public IQueryable<MyEntity> GetAllMatchedEntities(Func<MyEntity, Boolean> isMatched) { return qry = _Context.MyEntities.AsExpandable().Where(x => isMatched(x)); } I'm getting the exception Unable to cast object of type 'System.Linq.Expressions.FieldExpression' to type 'System.Linq.Expressions.LambdaExpression' Is there way to use predicate in LINQ to Entities query for Entity Framework objects, so that it is correctly transformed it into a SQL statement. Thank you.

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  • Warning: cast increases required alignment

    - by dash-tom-bang
    I'm recently working on this platform for which a legacy codebase issues a large number of "cast increases required alignment to N" warnings, where N is the size of the target of the cast. struct Message { int32_t id; int32_t type; int8_t data[16]; }; int32_t GetMessageInt(const Message& m) { return *reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(&data[0]); } Hopefully it's obvious that a "real" implementation would be a bit more complex, but the basic point is that I've got data coming from somewhere, I know that it's aligned (because I need the id and type to be aligned), and yet I get the message that the cast is increasing the alignment, in the example case, to 4. Now I know that I can suppress the warning with an argument to the compiler, and I know that I can cast the bit inside the parentheses to void* first, but I don't really want to go through every bit of code that needs this sort of manipulation (there's a lot because we load a lot of data off of disk, and that data comes in as char buffers so that we can easily pointer-advance), but can anyone give me any other thoughts on this problem? I mean, to me it seems like such an important and common option that you wouldn't want to warn, and if there is actually the possibility of doing it wrong then suppressing the warning isn't going to help. Finally, can't the compiler know as I do how the object in question is actually aligned in the structure, so it should be able to not worry about the alignment on that particular object unless it got bumped a byte or two?

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