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• Do you think Scala will be the dominant JVM langauge, ie be the next Java? [on hold]

  - by user1037729

  From what I've read about Scala do far I think it has some nice features but I do not think it should be "the next Java". It might however end up being the next Java (due to fashion rather than fact) but lets not hope it does not... To me adds a lot of complexity over Java which is a simple and scalable language. Scala Pattern matching allows you to perform some type/value checking in a more concise way, this is possible in Java, Scala's pattern matching has a limit to it, you cannot continuously match deeper and deeper down the object graph, so why not just stick to Java and use decent invariants? Scala provides tuples, easy enough to make in Java, create a static factory method and it all reads nicely too. Scala provides mixins, why not just use composition? I believe Scala implicit's are bad, they can lead to code becoming complex and hard to maintain, explicitness is good. Scala provides closures, well they will be in Java 8 too. Scala has lazy keyword for lazy instantiation, this is easy enough to do in Java by calling a getter which creates the instance when needed, no hidden magic here. Scala can be used with AKKA, well so can Java, there is an Java AKKA implementation. Scala offers addition functional features but these can all be created in Java, there are many frameworks with have implemented functional features in Java. All in all Scala seems to offer is addition complexity and thats it...

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• Sucking Less Every Year ?

  - by AdityaGameProgrammer

  Sucking Less Every Year A trail of thought that had been on my mind for a while Quoting directly from the post I've often thought that sucking less every year is how humble programmers improve. You should be unhappy with code you wrote a year ago. If you aren't, that means either A) you haven't learned anything in a year, B) your code can't be improved, or C) you never revisit old code. All of these are the kiss of death for software developers. How often does this happen or not happen to you? How long before you see an actual improvement in your coding ? month, year? Do you ever revisit Your old code? How often does your old code plague you? or how often do you have to deal with your technical debt. It is definitely very painful to fix old bugs n dirty code that we may have done to quickly meet a deadline and those quick fixes ,some cases we may have to rewrite most of the application/code. No arguments about that. Some of the developers i had come across argued that they were already at the evolved stage where their coding doesn't need improvement or cant get improved anymore. Does this happen? If so how many years into coding on a particular language does one expect this to happen?

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• Maintaining Two Separate Software Versions From the Same Codebase in Version Control

  - by Joseph

  Let's say that I am writing two different versions of the same software/program/app/script and storing them under version control. The first version is a free "Basic" version, while the second is a paid "Premium" version that takes the codebase of the free version and expands upon it with a few extra value-added features. Any new patches, fixes, or features need to find their way into both versions. I am currently considering using master and develop branches for the main codebase (free version) along side master-premium and develop-premium branches for the paid version. When a change is made to the free version and merged to the master branch (after thorough testing on develop of course), it gets copied over to the develop-premium branch via the cherry-pick command for more testing and then merged into master-premium. Is this the best workflow to handle this situation? Are there any potential problems, caveats, or pitfalls to be aware of? Is there a better branching strategy than what I have already come up with? Your feedback is highly appreciated! P.S. This is for a PHP script stored in Git, but the answers should apply to any language or VCS.

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• Server-side Architecture for Online Game

  - by Draiken

  basically I have a game client that has communicate with a server for almost every action it takes, the game is in Java (using LWJGL) and right now I will start making the server. The base of the game is normally one client communicating with the server alone, but I will require later on for several clients to work together for some functionalities. I've already read how authentication server should be sepparated and I intend on doing it. The problem is I am completely inexperienced in this kind of server-side programming, all I've ever programmed were JSF web applications. I imagine I'll do socket connections for pretty much every game communication since HTML is very slow, but I still don't really know where to start on my server. I would appreciate reading material or guidelines on where to start, what architecture should the game server have and maybe some suggestions on frameworks that could help me getting the client-server communication. I've looked into JNAG but I have no experience with this kind of thing, so I can't really tell if it is a solid and good messaging layer. Any help is appreciated... Thanks ! EDIT: Just a little more information about the game. It is intended to be a very complex game with several functionalities, making some functionalities a "program" inside the program. It is not an usual game, like FPS or RPG but I intend on having a lot of users using these many different "programs" inside the game. If I wasn't clear enough, I'd really appreciate people that have already developed games with java client/server architecture, how they communicated, any frameworks, apis, messaging systems, etc. It is not a question of lack of knowledge of language, more a question for advice, so I don't end up creating something that works, but in the later stages will have to be rewriten for any kind of limiting reason. PS: sorry if my english is not perfect...

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• I've inherited 200K lines of spaghetti code -- what now?

  - by kmote

  I hope this isn't too general of a question; I could really use some seasoned advice. I am newly employed as the sole "SW Engineer" in a fairly small shop of scientists who have spent the last 10-20 years cobbling together a vast code base. (It was written in a virtually obsolete language: G2 -- think Pascal with graphics). The program itself is a physical model of a complex chemical processing plant; the team that wrote it have incredibly deep domain knowledge but little or no formal training in programming fundamentals. They've recently learned some hard lessons about the consequences of non-existant configuration management. Their maintenance efforts are also greatly hampered by the vast accumulation of undocumented "sludge" in the code itself. I will spare you the "politics" of the situation (there's always politics!), but suffice to say, there is not a consensus of opinion about what is needed for the path ahead. They have asked me to begin presenting to the team some of the principles of modern software development. They want me to introduce some of the industry-standard practices and strategies regarding coding conventions, lifecycle management, high-level design patterns, and source control. Frankly, it's a fairly daunting task and I'm not sure where to begin. Initially, I'm inclined to tutor them in some of the central concepts of The Pragmatic Programmer, or Fowler's Refactoring ("Code Smells", etc). I also hope to introduce a number of Agile methodologies. But ultimately, to be effective, I think I'm going to need to hone in on 5-7 core fundamentals; in other words, what are the most important principles or practices that they can realistically start implementing that will give them the most "bang for the buck". So that's my question: What would you include in your list of the most effective strategies to help straighten out the spaghetti (and prevent it in the future)?

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• Creating new games on Android and/or iPhone

  - by James Clifton

  I have a succesfull facebook poker game that is running very nicely, now some people have asked if I can port this to other platforms - mainly mobile devices (and I have been asked to make a tablet version, do I really need a seperate version?) I am currently a PHP programmer (and game designer) and I simply dont' have the time to learn Android and other languages - so I have decided to pay third parties to program them (if viable). The information I need to know is what programming language is needed for the following four devices - Android mobile phone, iPhone, iPad and tablets? Can they all run off a central sql database? If they can't then i'm not interested :( Do any of these run FLASH? Have I covered all my main bases here? For example if a person programs for a ANDROID mobile phone is that to much differant to an ANDROID tablet? They will have slightly differant graphics (because the tablet has a greater screen area might as well use it) but do they need to be started from scratch? Same goes for iPhone/iPad, do they really need to be programmed differantly if the only differance is the graphics?

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• Java and what to do with it

  - by SterAllures

  I've been browsing through several websites and several topics on this website. Now I'm just a starting programmer and I want to make a good decision. From what I understand is that Java is used alot for server stuff, and web applets but not really for computer applications running on a client, it's also used for Android programming and several other mobiles. I'm really interested in Android programming, I really love to program for mobile devices, in this case Android because I really think it has a lot of potential and I don't like the iPhone. If I want to program on Android I have to learn Java (aside from Mono). but if my decision changes over the next couple of years I don't think Java is the right language to get a job that programs computer applications. I think I get a job where I have to program server stuff, rather than computer applications. That's why I think C# is a good choice. I can program for Windows Phone 7 (I hope that will get big). and I have the feeling C# is more widely used for computer applications. so I think C# is more versatile looking at Mobile programming and computer programming. Or am I totally wrong thinking this?

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• Is error suppression acceptable in role of logic mechanism?

  - by Rarst

  This came up in code review at work in context of PHP and @ operator. However I want to try keep this in more generic form, since few question about it I found on SO got bogged down in technical specifics. Accessing array field, which is not set, results in error message and is commonly handled by following logic (pseudo code): if field value is set output field value Code in question was doing it like: start ignoring errors output field value stop ignoring errors The reasoning for latter was that it's more compact and readable code in this specific case. I feel that those benefits do not justify misuse (IMO) of language mechanics. Is such code is being "clever" in a bad way? Is discarding possible error (for any reason) acceptable practice over explicitly handling it (even if that leads to more extensive and/or intensive code)? Is it acceptable for programming operators to cross boundaries of intended use (like in this case using error handling for controlling output)? Edit I wanted to keep it more generic, but specific code being discussed was like this: if ( isset($array['field']) ) { echo '<li>' . $array['field'] . '</li>'; } vs the following example: echo '<li>' . @$array['field'] . '</li>';

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• Best multi-platform mobile development tool, or use iPhone tools?

  - by Jesse Millikan

  I may be building a mobile app for a client soon. Their primary focus is the iPhone, but my boss would like to be able to target multiple platforms if it's feasible. The app will probably be a large but technically simple business application backed by a web service. So, here's the question as I see it: What is currently the strongest cross-platform mobile development tool that supports iOS? Would you choose it over native development tools? If you choose native, contrast it with a cross-platform tool you've used. In addition, For a project of the type we're expecting, what's the level of effort for your chosen tool versus other tools? What's the actual level of support of the tool for other platforms and their unique look and feel, capabilities, etc.? How thorough is the documentation of the product? How well do you like the development experience itself, e.g. the language, tools, documentation? Is it something you would choose to do long-term? I'll put a bounty out unless I get fantastic answers.

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• How do you avoid name similarities between your classes and the native ones?

  - by Oscar

  I just ran into an "interesting problem", which I would like your opinion about: I am developing a system and for many reasons (meaning: abstraction, technology independence, etc) we create our own types for exchanging information. For instance: if there is a method which is called SendEmail and is invoked by the business logic, it way have a parameter of type OurCompany.EMailMessage, which is an object which is completely technology independent and contains only "business relevant data" (for instance, no information abut head encoding). Inside the SendEmail function, we get this information from our EMailMEssage object and create a MailMessage (this one is technolgy specific) object so it can be sent over the network. As you can already notice, our class has a very similar name to the "native" language class. The problem is: this is exactly what they are, email messages, so it is hard to find another meaningful name for them. Do you have this problem often? How do you manage it? Edit: @mgkrebbs just commented about using fully qualified names. This is our current approach, but a little bit too verbose, IMHO. I would like something cleaner, if possible.

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• Installation causing broken packages

  - by AWE

  Here I come I am so determined to use Ubuntu that I paid a professional to install it for me (dualboot). When I got it I got a lot of things from the software center. Skype did not have a download button so I googled it and Ubuntu help told me to do this: sudo add-apt-repository "deb http://archive.canonical.com/ $(lsb_release -sc) partner" and then this: sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install skype The terminal told me "that this is potentially harmful..." but I thought it was Ubuntu language meaning "are you sure?" Now items cannot be installed or removed until the package catalog is repaired, so I want to repair it but the package operation fails. "sudo aptitude -f install" - command not found Synaptic package manager tells me that I have two broken packages, libc6 and libc6-dev but doesn't help, only makes life complicated. What the *#$%&!!! I don't want to be forced to become a computer scientist just to be able to use a free source os. P.s. the sound stopped working

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• Languages with a clear distinction between subroutines that are purely functional, mutating, state-changing, etc?

  - by CPX

  Lately I've become more and more frustrated that in most modern programming languages I've worked with (C/C++, C#, F#, Ruby, Python, JS and more) there is very little, if any, language support for determining what a subroutine will actually do. Consider the following simple pseudo-code: var x = DoSomethingWith(y); How do I determine what the call to DoSomethingWith(y) will actually do? Will it mutate y, or will it return a copy of y? Does it depend on global or local state, or is it only dependent on y? Will it change the global or local state? How does closure affect the outcome of the call? In all languages I've encountered, almost none of these questions can be answered by merely looking at the signature of the subroutine, and there is almost never any compile-time or run-time support either. Usually, the only way is to put your trust in the author of the API, and hope that the documentation and/or naming conventions reveal what the subroutine will actually do. My question is this: Does there exist any languages today that make symbolic distinctions between these types of scenarios, and places compile-time constraints on what code you can actually write? (There is of course some support for this in most modern languages, such as different levels of scope and closure, the separation between static and instance code, lambda functions, et cetera. But too often these seem to come into conflict with each other. For instance, a lambda function will usually either be purely functional, and simply return a value based on input parameters, or mutate the input parameters in some way. But it is usually possible to access static variables from a lambda function, which in turn can give you access to instance variables, and then it all breaks apart.)

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• Is it better to specialize in a single field I like, or expand into other fields to broaden my horizons?

  - by Oak

  This is a dilemma about which I have been thinking for quite a while. I'm a graduate student and my topics of interest are programming language design, code analysis, compilation, etc. So far, this field has been very interesting and rewarding for me, so I was thinking about finding a job in that field and continuing to specialize in it. I feel like it's a relatively solid field which won't "get out of style" anytime soon. I've always thought that in such complex fields it's better to be a real expert than just another guy who superficially understand what the experts are talking about. On the other hand, I feel that by specializing this way I really limit my future option. I have always been a strong believer in multidisciplinary approaches to problems. Maybe I should go search for a general programming job in which I could gain experience in other fields, as well as occasionally apply my favorite field for solving problems. Specializing in only one or two fields can prevent me from thinking outside the box and cause stagnation. I would really like to hear more opinions about this choice. The truth is I'm already leaning towards one of the choices, so basic psychology says nothing will change my mind, but I would still love to hear some feedback.

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• How to configure KDE default settings for a new user of a group?

  - by Adobe

  I'm a sys admin on Kubuntu 11.10 machine. Where do I configure the basic config for a new user (say belonging to group "users")? Edit 1: I want to configure langauages - currently my new users get English and Bulgarian Languages. I want them to get English and Russian - and also to set Alt-CapsLock - to be the input-language-switching-combination. Edit 2: How do I configure things in /usr/share/kde4 When I do kdesudo systemsettings and save configurations - only root settings got changed - not the /usr/share/kde4 ones. Edit 3: New user gets the /etc/skel files controlling bash behaviour-appearence. What about the KDE new user's default files - where are they stored? Edit 4: Oh, I found some hints: kde4-config --path config gives a list of folders (separated by the colon) where KDE looks for configs. My machine responded with: /home/boris/.kde/share/config/ /etc/kde4/ /usr/share/kubuntu-default-settings/kde4-profile/default/share/config/ /usr/share/kde4/config/ /usr/share/desktop-base/profiles/kde-profile/share/config/ It looks like third line is where KDE takes the default options. So I found these zilions of settings - but no GUI way to configure it ((. Edit 5: Finally, I've created a dummy user, configured it, and wrote a script which gives it's settings to a given user(s). The trick - is to chown after one transfered the dot files from one user to another. I've tested it - it works fine.

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• Java Magazine: Developer Tools and More

  - by Tori Wieldt

  The May/June issue of Java Magazine explores the tools and techniques that can help you bring your ideas to fruition and make you more productive. In “Seven Open Source Tools for Java Deployment,” Bruno Souza and Edson Yanaga present a set of tools that you can use now to drastically improve the deployment process on projects big or small—enabling you and your team to focus on building better and more-innovative software in a less stressful environment. We explore the future of application development tools at Oracle in our interview with Oracle’s Chris Tonas, who discusses plans for NetBeans IDE 9, Oracle’s support for Eclipse, and key trends in the software development space. For more on NetBeans IDE, don’t miss “Quick and Easy Conversion to Java SE 8 with NetBeans IDE 8” and “Build with NetBeans IDE, Deploy to Oracle Java Cloud Service.” We also give you insight into Scrum, an iterative and incremental agile process, with a tour of a development team’s Scrum sprint. Find out if Scrum will work for your team. Other article topics include mastering binaries in Maven-based projects, creating sophisticated applications with HTML5 and JSF, and learning to program with BlueJ. At the end of the day, tools don’t make great code—you do. What tools are vital to your development process? How are you innovating today? Let us know. Send a tweet to @oraclejavamag. The next big thing is always just around the corner—maybe it’s even an idea that’s percolating in *your* brain. Get started today with this issue of Java Magazine. Java Magazine is a FREE, bi-monthly, online publication. It includes technical articles on the Java language and platform; Java innovations and innovators; JUG and JCP news; Java events; links to online Java communities; and videos and multimedia demos. Subscriptions are free, registration required.

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• Question regarding Readability vs Processing Time

  - by Jordy

  I am creating a flowchart for a program with multiple sequential steps. Every step should be performed if the previous step is succesful. I use a c-based programming language so the lay-out would be something like this: METHOD 1: if(step_one_succeeded()) { if(step_two_succeeded()) { if(step_three_succeeded()) { //etc. etc. } } } If my program would have 15+ steps, the resulting code would be terribly unfriendly to read. So I changed my design and implemented a global errorcode that I keep passing by reference, make everything more readable. The resulting code would be something like this: METHOD 2: int _no_error = 0; step_one(_no_error); if(_no_error == 0) step_two(_no_error); if(_no_error == 0) step_three(_no_error); if(_no_error == 0) step_two(_no_error); The cyclomatic complexibility stays the same. Now let's say there are N number of steps. And let's assume that checking a condition is 1 clock long and performing a step doesn't take up time. The processing speed of Method1 can be anywhere between 1 and N. The processing speed of Method2 however is always equal to N-1. So Method1 will be faster most of the time. Which brings me to my question, is it bad practice to sacrifice time in order to make the code more readable? And why (not)?

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• Are there legitimate reasons for returning exception objects instead of throwing them?

  - by stakx

  This question is intended to apply to any OO programming language that supports exception handling; I am using C# for illustrative purposes only. Exceptions are usually intended to be raised when an problem arises that the code cannot immediately handle, and then to be caught in a catch clause in a different location (usually an outer stack frame). Q: Are there any legitimate situations where exceptions are not thrown and caught, but simply returned from a method and then passed around as error objects? This question came up for me because .NET 4's System.IObserver<T>.OnError method suggests just that: exceptions being passed around as error objects. Let's look at another scenario, validation. Let's say I am following conventional wisdom, and that I am therefore distinguishing between an error object type IValidationError and a separate exception type ValidationException that is used to report unexpected errors: partial interface IValidationError { } abstract partial class ValidationException : System.Exception { public abstract IValidationError[] ValidationErrors { get; } } (The System.Component.DataAnnotations namespace does something quite similar.) These types could be employed as follows: partial interface IFoo { } // an immutable type partial interface IFooBuilder // mutable counterpart to prepare instances of above type { bool IsValid(out IValidationError[] validationErrors); // true if no validation error occurs IFoo Build(); // throws ValidationException if !IsValid(…) } Now I am wondering, could I not simplify the above to this: partial class ValidationError : System.Exception { } // = IValidationError + ValidationException partial interface IFoo { } // (unchanged) partial interface IFooBuilder { bool IsValid(out ValidationError[] validationErrors); IFoo Build(); // may throw ValidationError or sth. like AggregateException<ValidationError> } Q: What are the advantages and disadvantages of these two differing approaches?

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• To PHP or Not to PHP? [closed]

  - by Vad

  Should I learn PHP in depth for my smaller projects or not? My main knowledge is Java/JavaScript for the web. My old small projects were written in classic ASP. However, ASP had its days. Now I am looking into going deeper with another scripting language which I can use for small website projects. Though I know PHP on a basic level I never liked PHP. But I have to admit it is so widely used that I better start liking it. And all hosting services offer mostly PHP solutions. However, there is quite a number of issues with PHP when I google for it. Developers seem to not like it a lot. I wish I would use server-side JavaScript for all my needs, but hosting is an issue plus many small businesses already want to improve their existing PHP sites. And lastly, say I want to create a web app for distribution. PHP sounds like the best bet. Or am I wrong?

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• Engine for 2D Top-Down Physics-Based Skeletal Animation

  - by RylandAlmanza

  I just watched at the Sui Generis video, and was completely amazed. Specifically, the part where the big troll thing is beating up the player with his flail. This got me really excited, and I would like to try implementing something like this in a 2D Top-Down format. Something like this. That atloria example seems simple enough, but it's not exactly what I'm looking to make. I think atloria is using predefined animations, where as I would like to make something more physics-based like the Sui Generis engine does. So, I'm wondering what physics engines might work for something like this, and if I'd need to implement my own skeletal system, or if I could just use "joints" and such from the engine. The only experience I have in terms of physics engines is Box2D, which I've heard shouldn't be used for top-down settings, and I can think of a few reasons it wouldn't work out well. One of those reasons being gravity. In box 2D, gravity pulls towards a side of the screen (usually the bottom.) I wouldn't want my player's forearms constantly being pulled to one side. :) Also should mention that the programming language doesn't matter all that much to me. I'm currently playing with HTML5 stuff, though. :) Thanks in advance!

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• Unable to debug an encodded javascript?

  - by miles away

  I’m having some problems debugging an encoded javacscript. This script I’m referring to given in this link over here. The encoding here is simple and it works by shifting the unicodes values to whatever Codekey was use during encoding. The code that does the decoding is given here in plain English below:- <script language="javascript"> function dF(s){ var s1=unescape(s.substr(0,s.length-1)); var t=''; for(i=0;i<s1.length;i++)t+=String.fromCharCode(s1.charCodeAt(i)-s.substr(s.length-1,1)); document.write(unescape(t)); } </script> I’m interested in knowing or understanding the values (e.g s1,t). Like for example when the value of i=0 what values would the following attributes / method would hold s1.charCodeAt(i) and s.substr(s.length-1,1) The reason I’m doing this is to understand as to how a CodeKey function really works. I don’t see anything in the code above which tells it to decode on the basis of codekey value. The only thing I can point in the encoding text is the last character which is set to 1 , 2 ,3 or 4 depending upon the codekey selected during encoding process. One can verify using the link I have given above. However, to debug, I’m using firebug addon with the script running as localhost on my wamp server. I’m able to put a breakpoint on the js using firebug but I’m unable to retrieve any of the user defined parameters or functions I mentioned above. I want to know under this context what would be best way to debug this encoded js.

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• Laptop keyboard and touchpad disabled on startup

  - by JAM

  I use Ubuntu 14.04 LTS on my Toshiba Satellite L775D laptop. 14.04 is the only operating system installed. I am new to Linux and only barely scratching the surface of doing things in terminal. When I boot my laptop keyboard and touchpad are disabled (99.99% of the time) if I do nothing. The only direct effect I can have is to keep pressing the "numlock" key during boot when I notice the "numlock" light goes off. If I do this then I have a 95% chance of the keyboard and touchpad working when I am in the operating system. I am able to use my wireless mouse regardless. I have not seen any messages during boot. Previously I have tried playing with input method settings and utilities as well as language support settings. This same problem exists with the 12.... and 13... versions of ubuntu. With everything I have tried (from looking at other posts/suggestions) it seems I can have only a temporary effect. Please help me find a permanent solution to this problem. thank you.

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• How to visualize code?

  - by gablin

  I've mostly only had to read my own code. As such, I've had no need to visualize the code as I already know how each and every class and module communicate with one another. But the few times I've had to read someone else's code - let us now assume we are talking about at least one larger module which contains several internal classes - I've almost always found myself wishing "This would have been so much easier to understand if I could just visualize it!" So what are the common methods or tools for enabling this? Which do you use, and why do you prefer them over the others? I've heard stuff like UML, module and class diagrams, but I imagine there are more. Furthermore, any of these is most likely better than anything I can devise on my own. EDIT: For those who answer with "Use pen and paper and just draw it": This isn't very helpful unless you explain this further. What exactly am I supposed to draw? A box for each class? Should I include the public methods? What about its fields? How should I draw connections that explain how one class uses another? What about modules? What if the language isn't object-oriented but functional or logical, or even just imperative (C, for instance)? What about global variables and functions? Is there an already-standardized way of drawing this, or do I need to think up of a method of my own? You get the drift.

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• Extracting Frustum Planes (Hartmann & Gribbs method)

  - by DAVco

  I have been grappling with the Hartmann/Gribbs method of extracting the Frustum planes for some time now, with little success. There doesn't appear to be a "definitive" topic or tutorial which combines all the necessary information, so perhaps this can be it First of all, I am attempting to do this in C# (For Playstation Mobile), using OpenGL style Column-Major matrices in a Right-Handed coordinate system but obviously the math will work in any language. My projection matrix has a Near plane at 1.0, Far plane at 1000, FOV of 45.0 and Aspect of 1.7647. I want to get my planes in World-Space, so I build my frustum from the View-Projection Matrix (that's projectionMatrix * viewMatrix). The view Matrix is the inverse of the camera's World-Transform. The problem is; regardless of what I tweak, I can't seem to get a correct frustum. I think that I may be missing something obvious. Focusing on the Near and Far planes for the moment (since they have the most obvious normals when correct), when my camera is positioned looking down the negative z-axis, I get two planes facing in the same direction, rather than opposite directions. If i strafe my camera left and right (while still looking along the z axis) the x value of the normal vector changes. Obviously, something is fundamentally wrong here; I just can't figure out what - maybe someone here can?

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• Web Crawler for Learnign Topics on Wikipedia

  - by Chris Okyen

  When I want to learn a vast topic on wikipedia, I don't know where to start. For instance say I want to learn about Binary Stars, I then have to know other things linked on that pages and linked pages on all the linked pages and so on for the specified number of levels. I want to write a web crawler like HTTracker or something similiar, that will display a heiarchy of the links on a certain page and the links on those linked pages.I wish to use as much prewritten code as possible. Here is an example: Pretending we are bending the rules by grabing links from only the first sentence of each pages The example archives and "processes" two levels deep The page is Ternary operation The First Level In mathematics a ternary operation is an N-ary operation The Second Level Under Mathmatics: Mathematics (from Greek µ???µa máthema, “knowledge, study, learning”) is the abstract study of topics encompassing quantity, structure, space, change and others; it has no generally accepted definition. Under N-ary In logic,mathematics, and computer science, the arity i/'ær?ti/ of a function or operation is the number of arguments or operands that the function takes Under Operation In its simplest meaning in mathematics and logic, an operation is an action or procedure which produces a new value from one or more input values ------------------------------------------------------------------------- I need some way to determine what oder to approach all these wiki pages to learn the concept ( in this case ternary operations )... Following along with this exmpakle, one way to show the path to read would a printout flowout like so: This shows that the first sentence of the Mathematics page doesn't link to the first sentence of pages linked on ternary page two levels deep. (Please tell me how I should explain this ) --- In otherwords, the child node of the top pages first sentence, ternary_operation, does not have any child nodes that reference the children of the top pages other children nodes- N-ary and operation. Thus it is safe to read this first. Since N-ary has a link to operations we shoudl read the operation page second and finally read the N-ary page last. Again, I wish to use as much prewritten code as possible, and was wondering what language to use and what would be the simpliest way to go about doing this if there isn't already somethign out there? Thank You!

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• The advantages & disadvantages to be had from using a Web Framework?

  - by JHarley1

  Hello, This question is focused on extracting the advantages and disadvantages of using Web based Frameworks: such as Cake PHP, Zend, jQuery, ASP.NET). This question is completely language agnostic. Let me start with the notion of "Standing on the shoulders of Giants". Advantages: Empowers Developers - by taking features that would have previously have taken 100's of lines of code and compressing them into one simple function call empowers developers to integrate more complex features into their Web Sites. Allow for Quicker development of applications - this is very relevant for people that need websites created in a very small window (has anyone any examples of this?) Lower Costs - allows programmers to pass cost savings onto the customer, a whole new range of customers generated that wanted a website but previously could not afford the higher development costs. Disadvantages: Lost Understanding - by relying on the features of a framework a developer is in danger of loosing understanding on how things work (underneath the hood). The configuration cliff - once you go further than the configuration of your framework your productivity drops right off, it can be difficult to implement features outside of a frameworks configuration. Developer tramlines - you (the developer) has to do things the way that the developer want you to do things. Security issues - giving people these tools to develop professional looking websites fast is a potential risk, people can quickly create professional looking websites for fraudulent companies. I wonder what people make of my points, and whether any body disagrees with them? Also if people have additional points I would be grateful. Many Thanks, J

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