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  • Iterating through nested dictionaries

    - by Framester
    I want to write an iterator for my 'toy' Trie implementation. Adding already works like this: class Trie: def __init__(self): self.root = dict() pass def add(self, string, value): global nops current_dict = self.root for letter in s: nops += 1 current_dict = current_dict.setdefault(letter, {}) current_dict = current_dict.setdefault('value', value) pass The output of the adding looks like that: trie = Trie() trie.add("hello",1) trie.add("world",2) trie.add("worlds",12) print trie.root {'h': {'e': {'l': {'l': {'o': {'value': 1}}}}}, 'w': {'o': {'r': {'l': {'d': {'s': {'value': 2}, 'value': 2}}}}}} I know, that I need a __iter__ and next method. def __iter__(self): self.root.__iter__() pass def next(self): print self.root.next() But AttributeError: 'dict' object has no attribute 'next'. How should I do it? [Update] In the perfect world I would like the output to be one dict with all the words/entries with their corresponding values.

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  • Calling activateWindow on QDialog sends window to background

    - by Stan
    I am debugging certain application written with C++/Qt4. On Linux it has problems that with certain window managers (gnome-wm/metacity), the main window (based on QDialog) is created in the background (it's not raised). I managed to re-create the scenario using PyQt4 and following code: from PyQt4.QtCore import * from PyQt4.QtGui import * import sys class PinDialog(QDialog): def showEvent(self, event): QDialog.showEvent(self, event) self.raise_() self.activateWindow() if __name__ == "__main__": app = QApplication(sys.argv) widget = PinDialog() app.setActiveWindow(widget) widget.exec_() sys.exit(0) If I remove self.activateWindow() the application works as expected. This seems wrong, since documentation for activateWindow does not specify any conditions under which something like this could happen. My question is: Is there any reason to have activateWindow in showEvent in the first place? If there is some reason, what would be good workaround for focusing issues?

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  • How I can get rid of None values in dictionary?

    - by Vojtech R.
    Something like: for (a,b) in kwargs.iteritems(): if not b : del kwargs[a] This code raise exception because changing of dictionary when iterating. I discover only non pretty solution with another dictionary: res ={} res.update((a,b) for a,b in kwargs.iteritems() if b is not None) Thanks

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  • Django debug error

    - by Hulk
    I have the following in my model: class info(models.Model): add = models.CharField(max_length=255) name = models.CharField(max_length=255) An in the views when i say info_l = info.objects.filter(id=1) logging.debug(info_l.name) i get an error saying name doesnt exist at debug statement. 'QuerySet' object has no attribute 'name' 1.How can this be resolved. 2.Also how to query for only one field instead of selecting all like select name from info.

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  • Django, making a page activate for a fixed time

    - by Hellnar
    Greetings I am hacking Django and trying to test something such as: Like woot.com , I want to sell "an item per day", so only one item will be available for that day (say the default www.mysite.com will be redirected to that item), Assume my urls for calling these items will be such: www.mysite.com/item/<number> my model for item: class Item(models.Model): item_name = models.CharField(max_length=30) price = models.FloatField() content = models.TextField() #keeps all the html content start_time = models.DateTimeField() end_time = models.DateTimeField() And my view for rendering this: def results(request, item_id): item = get_object_or_404(Item, pk=item_id) now = datetime.now() if item.start_time > now: #render and return some "not started yet" error templete elif item.end_time < now: #render and return some "item selling ended" error templete else: # render the real templete for selling this item What would be the efficient and clever model & templete for achieving this ?

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  • Django1.1 model field value preprocessing before returning

    - by Satoru.Logic
    Hi, all. I have a model class like this: class Note(models.Model): author = models.ForeignKey(User, related_name='notes') content = NoteContentField(max_length=256) NoteContentField is a custom sub-class of CharField that override the to_python method in purpose of doing some twitter-text-conversion processing. class NoteContentField(models.CharField): __metaclass__ = models.SubfieldBase def to_python(self, value): value = super(NoteContentField, self).to_python(value) from ..utils import linkify return mark_safe(linkify(value)) However, this doesn't work. When I save a Note object like this: note = Note(author=request.use, content=form.cleaned_data['content']) note.save() The conversed value is saved into the database, which is not what I wanna see. What I'm trying to do is to save the raw content into the database, and only make the conversion when the content attribute is later accessed. Would you please tell me what's wrong with this? Thanks to Pierre and Daniel. I have figured out what's wrong. I thought the text-conversion code should be in either to_python or get_db_prep_value, and that's wrong. I should override both of them, make to_python do the conversion and get_db_prep_value return the unconversed value: from ..utils import linkify class NoteContentField(models.CharField): __metaclass__ = models.SubfieldBase def to_python(self, value): self._raw_value = super(NoteContentField, self).to_python(value) return mark_safe(linkify(self._raw_value)) def get_db_prep_value(self, value): return self._raw_value I wonder if there is a better way to implement this?

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  • detecting circular imports

    - by wallacoloo
    I'm working with a project that contains about 30 unique modules. It wasn't designed too well, so it's common that I create circular imports when adding some new functionality to the project. Of course, when I add the circular import, I'm unaware of it. Sometimes it's pretty obvious I've made a circular import when I get an error like AttributeError: 'module' object has no attribute 'attribute' where I clearly defined 'attribute'. But other times, the code doesn't throw exceptions because of the way it's used. So, to my question: Is it possible to programmatically detect when and where a circular import is occuring?

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  • How to integrate a Ipython console in a PyQT application

    - by user1800689
    I am developing PyQt software for my lab. In this software, I am loading different kind of RAW and analyzed data from a mySQL database (usually in arrays). I would like to integrate an Iython console in a Widget, so that I could interact easily with these data. I had some difficulties with Ipython 0.13 to do this. Here is what I already have (The whole code is very long, so I just show the part containing the widget, the Ipython console and the corresponding import line, if you need more, just tell me): ##I load everything useful to my application, including the following line from IPython.frontend.qt.console.qtconsoleapp import IPythonQtConsoleApp ##then is my whole software ##here is a class containing the Graphical User Interface elements. A button call the following function. self.Shell_Widget is the widget containing the Ipython console, self.MainWindow is the application mainwindow def EmbeddedIpython(self): """ This function should launch an Ipython console """ self.Shell_Widget = QtGui.QDockWidget(self.MainWindow) #Widget creation self.MainWindow.addDockWidget(4,self.Shell_Widget) self.Shell_Widget.setMinimumSize(400,420) console = IPythonQtConsoleApp() #Console Creation console.initialize() console.start() self.Shell_Widget.show() So, as wanted, an Ipython console is launched, and seems to work, but I can not access the whole application variables ,arrays etc... I think the Ipython console is launched independently from my software, but here is my limit in programming... Does someone know how to launch Ipython within my application? Maybe a missing parameter, or a different way to integrate Ipython. for information, this doesn't work: Embedding IPython Qt console in a PyQt application Thank you for your help!!

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  • Increasing coverage with try-except-finally and a context-manager

    - by Daan Timmer
    This is the flow that I have in my program 277: try: 278: with open(r"c:\afile.txt", "w") as aFile: ...: pass # write data 329: except IOError as ex: ...: print ex 332: finally: 333: if os.path.exists(r"c:\afile.txt"): 334: shutil.copy(r"c:\afile.txt", r"c:\dest.txt") I've got all paths covered except for from line 278 to line 333 I got a normal happy-flow. I stubbed __builtin__.open to raise IOError when the open is called with said file name But how do I go from 278 to 333. Is this even possible? Additional information: - using coverage.py 3.4 (only listing 3.5, we can't currently upgrade to 3.5)

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  • Modify headers in Pylons using Middleware

    - by Anders
    Hi all, I'm trying to modify a header using Middleware in Pylons to make my application RESTful, basically, if the user request "application/json" via GET that is what he get back. The question I have is, the variable headers is basically a long list. Looking something like this: [('Content-Type', 'text/html; charset=utf-8'), ('Pragma', 'no-cache'), ('Cache-Control', 'no-cache'), ('Content-Length','20'), ('Content-Encoding', 'gzip')] Now, I'm looking to just modify the value based on the request - but are these positions fixed? Will 'Content-Type' always be position headers[0][0]? Best Regards, Anders

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  • Access is denied error with pregenerated .pyc or .pyo files

    - by mukul sharma
    Hi All, I am getting an Access is denied error while I am trying to run the .pyo file by double click or from the command prompt. Lets say I have abc.py (keeping main method entry point) which imports files xyz.py and imports wx etc. I generate the .pyo file. But once I try to run abc.pyo I get the access is denied error. I am not getting why this happening? Any help will really appreciated. Thanks

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  • xlwt data garbled

    - by zhangzhong
    I retrieve the data of chinese characters from DB and write the data into excel by xlwt, code as below: ws0.write(unicode(cell, 'big5')) It is ok under Windows, but when I deloyed it under Linux, the data in excel garbled, Could you help to do with it?

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  • Add data to Django form class using modelformset_factory

    - by dean
    I have a problem where I need to display a lot of forms for detail data for a hierarchical data set. I want to display some relational fields as labels for the forms and I'm struggling with a way to do this in a more robust way. Here is the code... class Category(models.Model): name = models.CharField(max_length=160) class Item(models.Model): category = models.ForeignKey('Category') name = models.CharField(max_length=160) weight = models.IntegerField(default=0) class Meta: ordering = ('category','weight','name') class BudgetValue(models.Model): value = models.IntegerField() plan = models.ForeignKey('Plan') item = models.ForeignKey('Item') I use the modelformset_factory to create a formset of budgetvalue forms for a particular plan. What I'd like is item name and category name for each BudgetValue. When I iterate through the forms each one will be labeled properly. class BudgetValueForm(forms.ModelForm): item = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Item.objects.all(),widget=forms.HiddenInput()) plan = forms.ModelChoiceField(queryset=Plan.objects.all(),widget=forms.HiddenInput()) category = "" < assign dynamically on form creation > item = "" < assign dynamically on form creation > class Meta: model = BudgetValue fields = ('item','plan','value') What I started out with is just creating a dictionary of budgetvalue.item.category.name, budgetvalue.item.name, and the form for each budget value. This gets passed to the template and I render it as I intended. I'm assuming that the ordering of the forms in the formset and the querset used to genererate the formset keep the budgetvalues in the same order and the dictionary is created correctly. That is the budgetvalue.item.name is associated with the correct form. This scares me and I'm thinking there has to be a better way. Any help would be greatly appreciated.

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  • Pretty-printing of numpy.array

    - by camillio
    Hello, I'm curious, whether there is any way to print formated numpy.arrays, e.g., in the way similar to this: x = 1.23456 print '%.3f' % x If I want to print the numpy.array of floats, it prints several decimals, often in 'scientific' format, which is rather hard to read even for low-dimensional arrays. However, numpy.array apparently has to be printed as a string, i.e., with %s. Is there any solution ready for this purpose? Many thanks in advance :-)

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  • Extracting value in Beautifulsoup

    - by Seth
    I have the following code: f = open(path, 'r') html = f.read() # no parameters => reads to eof and returns string soup = BeautifulSoup(html) schoolname = soup.findAll(attrs={'id':'ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_SchoolProfileUserControl_SchoolHeaderLabel'}) print schoolname which gives: [<span id="ctl00_ContentPlaceHolder1_SchoolProfileUserControl_SchoolHeaderLabel">A B Paterson College, Arundel, QLD</span>] when I try and access the value (i.e. 'A B Paterson College, Arundel, QLD) by using schoolname['value'] I get the following error: print schoolname['value'] TypeError: list indices must be integers, not str What am I doing wrong to get that value?

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  • Non blocking IO call from Django controller from a Windows service

    - by Anders
    Hi all, I have a CherryPy server with a Django application running as a Windows service, inside a controller I need to make a call to wmic, the problem is, so far I have only been able to implement a blocking operation. Does anyone have any recommendation for a non blocking operation so, at least more then one person at a time can access this controller and extract information from wmic? Thanks in advance, Anders

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  • HttpError 502 with Google Wave Active Robot API fetch_wavelet()

    - by Drew LeSueur
    I am trying to use the Google Wave Active Robot API fetch_wavelet() and I get an HTTP 502 error example: from waveapi import robot import passwords robot = robot.Robot('gae-run', 'http://images.com/fake-image.jpg') robot.setup_oauth(passwords.CONSUMER_KEY, passwords.CONSUMER_SECRET, server_rpc_base='http://www-opensocial.googleusercontent.com/api/rpc') wavelet = robot.fetch_wavelet('googlewave.com!w+dtuZi6t3C','googlewave.com!conv+root') robot.submit(wavelet) self.response.out.write(wavelet.creator) But the error I get is this: Traceback (most recent call last): File "/base/python_runtime/python_lib/versions/1/google/appengine/ext/webapp/__init__.py", line 511, in __call__ handler.get(*groups) File "/base/data/home/apps/clstff/gae-run.342467577023864664/main.py", line 23, in get robot.submit(wavelet) File "/base/data/home/apps/clstff/gae-run.342467577023864664/waveapi/robot.py", line 486, in submit res = self.make_rpc(pending) File "/base/data/home/apps/clstff/gae-run.342467577023864664/waveapi/robot.py", line 251, in make_rpc raise IOError('HttpError ' + str(code)) IOError: HttpError 502 Any ideas? Edit: When [email protected] is not a member of the wave I get the correct error message Error: RPC Error500: internalError: [email protected] is not a participant of wave id: [WaveId:googlewave.com!w+Pq1HgvssD] wavelet id: [WaveletId:googlewave.com!conv+root]. Unable to apply operation: {'method':'robot.fetchWave','id':'655720','waveId':'googlewave.com!w+Pq1HgvssD','waveletId':'googlewave.com!conv+root','blipId':'null','parameters':{}} But when [email protected] is a member of the wave I get the http 502 error. IOError: HttpError 502

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  • find the colour name from a hexadecimal colour code

    - by sree01
    Hi , i want to find the name of a colour from the hexadecimal colour code. When i get a hex colour code i want to find the most matching colour name. for example for the code #c06040 , how to find out if it is a shade of brown, blue or yellow ?. so that i can find the colour of an object in the image without human intervention. Is there any relation between the hexadecimal code of the shades of a colour? please give some sample code if there is any.

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  • How to chroot Django

    - by Brian M. Hunt
    Can one run Django in a chroot? Notably, what's necessary in order to set up (for example) /var/www as a chroot'd directory and then have Django run in that chroot'd directory? Thank you - I'm grateful for any input.

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  • Implementing __concat__

    - by Casebash
    I tried to implement __concat__, but it didn't work >>> class lHolder(): ... def __init__(self,l): ... self.l=l ... def __concat__(self, l2): ... return self.l+l2 ... def __iter__(self): ... return self.l.__iter__() ... >>> lHolder([1])+[2] Traceback (most recent call last): File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module> TypeError: unsupported operand type(s) for +: 'lHolder' and 'list' How can I fix this?

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