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  • OpenGL - have object follow mouse

    - by kevin james
    I want to have an object follow around my mouse on the screen in OpenGL. (I am also using GLEW, GLFW, and GLM). The best idea I've come up with is: Get the coordinates within the window with glfwGetCursorPos. The window was created with window = glfwCreateWindow( 1024, 768, "Test", NULL, NULL); and the code to get coordinates is double xpos, ypos; glfwGetCursorPos(window, &xpos, &ypos); Next, I use GLM unproject, to get the coordinates in "object space" glm::vec4 viewport = glm::vec4(0.0f, 0.0f, 1024.0f, 768.0f); glm::vec3 pos = glm::vec3(xpos, ypos, 0.0f); glm::vec3 un = glm::unProject(pos, View*Model, Projection, viewport); There are two potential problems I can already see. The viewport is fine, as the initial x,y, coordinates of the lower left are indeed 0,0, and it's indeed a 1024*768 window. However, the position vector I create doesn't seem right. The Z coordinate should probably not be zero. However, glfwGetCursorPos returns 2D coordinates, and I don't know how to go from there to the 3D window coordinates, especially since I am not sure what the 3rd dimension of the window coordinates even means (since computer screens are 2D). Then, I am not sure if I am using unproject correctly. Assume the View, Model, Projection matrices are all OK. If I passed in the correct position vector in Window coordinates, does the unproject call give me the coordinates in Object coordinates? I think it does, but the documentation is not clear. Finally, to each vertex of the object I want to follow the mouse around, I just increment the x coordinate by un[0], the y coordinate by -un[1], and the z coordinate by un[2]. However, since my position vector that is being unprojected is likely wrong, this is not giving good results; the object does move as my mouse moves, but it is offset quite a bit (i.e. moving the mouse a lot doesn't move the object that much, and the z coordinate is very large). I actually found that the z coordinate un[2] is always the same value no matter where my mouse is, probably because the position vector I pass into unproject always has a value of 0.0 for z. Edit: The (incorrectly) unprojected x-values range from about -0.552 to 0.552, and the y-values from about -0.411 to 0.411.

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  • How can I improve this collision detection logic?

    - by Dan
    I’m trying to make an android game and I’m having a bit of trouble getting the collision detection to work. It works sometimes but my conditions aren’t specific enough and my program gets it wrong. How could I improve the following if conditions? public boolean checkColisionWithPlayer( Player player ) { // Top Left // Top Right // Bottom Right // Bottom Left // int[][] PP = { { player.x, player.y }, { player.x + player.width, player.y }, {player.x + player.height, player.y + player.width }, { player.x, player.y + player.height } }; // TOP LEFT - PLAYER // if( ( PP[0][0] > x && PP[0][0] < x + width ) && ( PP[0][1] > y && PP[0][1] < y + height ) && ( (x - player.x) < 0 ) ) { player.isColided = true; //player.isSpinning = false; // Collision On Right if( PP[0][0] > ( x + width/2 ) && ( PP[0][1] - y < ( x + width ) - PP[0][0] ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Top Left - Right Side"); player.x = ( x + width ) + 1; player.Vh = player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vh, player.Cr); } // Collision On Bottom else if( PP[0][1] > ( y + height/2 ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Top Left - Bottom Side"); player.y = ( y + height ) + 1; if( player.Vv > 0 ) player.Vv = 0; } return true; } // TOP RIGHT - PLAYER // else if( ( PP[1][0] > x && PP[1][0] < x + width ) && ( PP[1][1] > y && PP[1][1] < y + height ) && ( (x - player.x) > 0 ) ) { player.isColided = true; //player.isSpinning = false; // Collision On Left if( PP[1][0] < ( x + width/2 ) && ( PP[1][0] - x < PP[1][1] - y ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Top Right - Left Side"); player.x = ( x ) + 1; player.Vh = player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vh, player.Cr); } // Collision On Bottom else if( PP[1][1] > ( y + height/2 ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Top Right - Bottom Side"); player.y = ( y + height ) + 1; if( player.Vv > 0 ) player.Vv = 0; } return true; } // BOTTOM RIGHT - PLAYER // else if( ( PP[2][0] > x && PP[2][0] < x + width ) && ( PP[2][1] > y && PP[2][1] < y + height ) ) { player.isColided = true; //player.isSpinning = false; // Collision On Left if( PP[2][0] < ( x + width/2 ) && ( PP[2][0] - x < PP[2][1] - y ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Bottom Right - Left Side"); player.x = ( x ) + 1; player.Vh = player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vh, player.Cr); } // Collision On Top else if( PP[2][1] < ( y + height/2 ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Bottom Right - Top Side"); player.y = y - player.height; player.Vv = player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr); //player.Vh = -1 * ( player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr) ); int rs = x - player.x; Log.i("RS", String.format("%d", rs)); if( rs > 0 ) { player.direction = -1; player.isSpinning = true; player.Vh = -0.5 * ( player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr) ); } if( rs < 0 ) { player.direction = 1; player.isSpinning = true; player.Vh = 0.5 * ( player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr) ); } player.rotateSpeed = 1 * rs; } return true; } // BOTTOM LEFT - PLAYER // else if( ( PP[3][0] > x && PP[3][0] < x + width ) && ( PP[3][1] > y && PP[3][1] < y + height ) )//&& ( (x - player.x) > 0 ) ) { player.isColided = true; //player.isSpinning = false; // Collision On Right if( PP[3][0] > ( x + width/2 ) && ( PP[3][1] - y < ( x + width ) - PP[3][0] ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Bottom Left - Right Side"); player.x = ( x + width ) + 1; player.Vh = player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vh, player.Cr); } // Collision On Top else if( PP[3][1] < ( y + height/2 ) ) { Log.i("Colision", "Bottom Left - Top Side"); player.y = y - player.height; player.Vv = player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr); //player.Vh = -1 * ( player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr) ); int rs = x - player.x; //Log.i("RS", String.format("%d", rs)); //player.direction = -1; //player.isSpinning = true; if( rs > 0 ) { player.direction = -1; player.isSpinning = true; player.Vh = -1 * ( player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr) ); } if( rs < 0 ) { player.direction = 1; player.isSpinning = true; player.Vh = 1 * ( player.phy.getVelsoityWallColision(player.Vv, player.Cr) ); } player.rotateSpeed = 1 * rs; } //try { Thread.sleep(1000, 0); } //catch (InterruptedException e) {} return true; } else { player.isColided = false; player.isSpinning = true; } return false; }

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  • How to code a 4x shader/filter which emulates arcade crt display behavior?

    - by Arthur Wulf White
    I want to write a shader/filer probably in adobe Pixel Bender that will do the best job possible in emulating the fill of an oldskul monochromatic arcade CRT screen. Much like this here: http://filthypants.blogspot.com/2012/07/customizing-cgwgs-crt-pixel-shader.html Here are some attributes I know will exist in this filter: It will take in a low res image 160 x 120 and return a medium res image 640 x 480. It will add scanlines It will blur the color channels to create that color bleeding effect It will distort the shape of the image from a perfect rectangle into a rounder shape. The question is, could you please provide any other attributes that are beneficial to emulating an arcade CRT feel and links and resources on coding these effects. Thanks

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  • How to correctly Dispose a SourceVoice once its finished

    - by clamp
    i am starting to play a sound with XAudio2 and SourceVoice and once its finished, it should be correctly disposed to not have any leaks. i was expecting it to be something like this: sourceVoice.Start(); sourceVoice.StreamEnd += delegate { if (!sourceVoice.IsDisposed) { sourceVoice.DestroyVoice(); sourceVoice.Dispose(); } }; but that crashes with a read access violation in native code deep in XAudio2.dll which i cant debug.

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  • std::map for storing static const Objects

    - by Sean M.
    I am making a game similar to Minecraft, and I am trying to fine a way to keep a map of Block objects sorted by their id. This is almost identical to the way that Minecraft does it, in that they declare a bunch of static final Block objects and initialize them, and then the constructor of each block puts a reference of that block into whatever the Java equivalent of a std::map is, so there is a central place to get ids and the Blocks with those ids. The problem is, that I am making my game in C++, and trying to do the exact same thing. In Block.h, I am declaring the Blocks like so: //Block.h public: static const Block Vacuum; static const Block Test; And in Block.cpp I am initializing them like so: //Block.cpp const Block Block::Vacuum = Block("Vacuum", 0, 0); const Block Block::Test = Block("Test", 1, 0); The block constructor looks like this: Block::Block(std::string name, uint16 id, uint8 tex) { //Check for repeat ids if (IdInUse(id)) { fprintf(stderr, "Block id %u is already in use!", (uint32)id); throw std::runtime_error("You cannot reuse block ids!"); } _id = id; //Check for repeat names if (NameInUse(name)) { fprintf(stderr, "Block name %s is already in use!", name); throw std::runtime_error("You cannot reuse block names!"); } _name = name; _tex = tex; //fprintf(stdout, "Using texture %u\n", _tex); _transparent = false; _solidity = 1.0f; idMap[id] = this; nameMap[name] = this; } And finally, the maps that I'm using to store references of Blocks in relation to their names and ids are declared as such: std::map<uint16, Block*> Block::idMap = std::map<uint16, Block*>(); //The map of block ids std::map<std::string, Block*> Block::nameMap = std::map<std::string, Block*>(); //The map of block names The problem comes when I try to get the Blocks in the maps using a method called const Block* GetBlock(uint16 id), where the last line is return idMap.at(id);. This line returns a Block with completely random values like _visibility = 0xcccc and such like that, found out through debugging. So my question is, is there something wrong with the blocks being declared as const obejcts, and then stored at pointers and accessed later on? The reason I cant store them as Block& is because that makes a copy of the Block when it is entered, so the block wouldn't have any of the attributes that could be set afterwards in the constructor of any child class, so I think I need to store them as a pointer. Any help is greatly appreciated, as I don't fully understand pointers yet. Just ask if you need to see any other parts of the code.

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  • What prefer a game developer company? UDK experience or c++ game projects?

    - by momboco
    What prefer a game developer company? A developer with experience in UDK engine ? or, a developer with projects made entirely in c++ with a graphics engine like Ogre3D? I think that a coder can demonstrate better his abilities with games made in c++, because it requires a knowledge deeper in many fields. However, currently there is a lot of companies that develop his games with UDK. Now I don't know if is better specialize in a game engine like UDK.

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  • XNA Deferred Shading, Replace BasicEffect

    - by Alex
    I have implemented deferred shading in my XNA 4.0 project, meaning that I need all objects to start out with the same shader "RenderGBuffer.fx". How can I use a custom Content Processor to: Not load any textures by default (I want to manually do this) Use "RenderGBuffer.fx" as the default shader instead of BasicEffect Below is the progress so far public class DeferredModelProcessor : ModelProcessor { EffectMaterialContent deferredShader; public DeferredModelProcessor() { } protected override MaterialContent ConvertMaterial(MaterialContent material, ContentProcessorContext context) { deferredShader = new EffectMaterialContent(); deferredShader.Effect = new ExternalReference<EffectContent>("DeferredShading/RenderGBuffer.fx"); return context.Convert<MaterialContent, MaterialContent>(deferredShader, typeof(MaterialProcessor).Name); } }

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  • 2D Tile Map files for Platformer, JSON or DB?

    - by Stephen Tierney
    I'm developing a 2D platformer with some uni friends. We've based it upon the XNA Platformer Starter Kit which uses .txt files to store the tile map. While this is simple it does not give us enough control and flexibility with level design. Some examples: for multiple layers of content multiple files are required, each object is fixed onto the grid, doesn't allow for rotation of objects, limited number of characters etc. So I'm doing some research into how to store the level data and map file. Reasoning for DB: From my perspective I see less redundancy of data using a database to store the tile data. Tiles in the same x,y position with the same characteristics can be reused from level to level. It seems like it would simple enough to write a method to retrieve all the tiles that are used in a particular level from the database. Reasoning for JSON: Visually editable files, changes can be tracked via SVN a lot easier. But there is repeated content. Do either have any drawbacks (load times, access times, memory etc) compared to the other? And what is commonly used in the industry? Currently the file looks like this: .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .................... .........GGG........ .........###........ .................... ....GGG.......GGG... ....###.......###... .................... .1................X. #################### 1 - Player start point, X - Level Exit, . - Empty space, # - Platform, G - Gem

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  • Swept AABB vs Line Segment 2D

    - by Larolaro
    I've really exhausted as much as Google has to give, I've spent a solid week googling every combination of words for an "AABBvsLine sweep", downloaded countless collision demos, dissected SAT intersection examples and an AABBvsAABB sweep trying to figure out how to approach this. I've not found a single thing covering this specific pairing. Can anyone shed any light on how to get the hit time of a swept AABB vs a Line segment in 2D? I'm still getting familiar with the SAT but I do know how to implement it to a degree, I'm just not sure how to extract the hit time from the velocity in the non axis aligned separating axes for the sweep. I really would appreciate anything at the moment, some code or even some helpful links, I'm at my wits end!

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  • Calculating angle a segment forms with a ray

    - by kr1zz
    I am given a point C and a ray r starting there. I know the coordinates (xc, yc) of the point C and the angle theta the ray r forms with the horizontal, theta in (-pi, pi]. I am also given another point P of which I know the coordinates (xp, yp): how do I calculate the angle alpha that the segment CP forms with the ray r, alpha in (-pi, pi]? Some examples follow: I can use the the atan2 function.

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  • Redering performance in FlasCC + UDK when compared to Stage3d and UDK on Windows?

    - by Arthur Wulf White
    http://gaming.adobe.com/technologies/flascc/ Developers can now access UDK for browser applications. Does this mean greater performance than using a Stage3D engine (Away3D 4) and how much of a noticeable difference in performance would it make in rendering speeds? Is there any benchmark you could propose that would allow to compare them fairly? I am asking this to help myself understand the consequences in performance for deciding to use UDK in a browser based game. I would also like to know how it compares with UDK running natively in Windows? I am not asking which technology to use or which is better. Only interested in the optimizing rendering speed in a 3d browser game with flash.

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  • Java, two JPanel on JFrame - Settings JPanel, StartMenu JPanel [on hold]

    - by Andy Tyurin
    There is my first question and I welcome community! I'm making a simple game and have some problems with Start menu. I have three buttons on my JPanel StartMenu and when I click "Settings" button, new JPanel will be open, but I don't know why buttons from StartMenu JPanel appeared in my Settings JPanel. My "Settings" JPanel has one ugly button "Back" in center and ugly grey background. I made some screens to see a problem. Start Menu JPanel when game launched Settings JPanel when button clicked Settings JPanel when mouse was over settings window There is code of StartMenu class: public class StartMenu extends JPanel { private GameButton startGameButton = new GameButton("Start game"); private GameButton settingsGameButton = new GameButton("Settings"); private GameButton exitGameButton = new GameButton("Exit game"); private Image bgImage = new ImageIcon(getClass().getClassLoader().getResource("ru/andydevs/astraLaserForce/bg.png")).getImage(); private int posX; private int posY; final private int WIDTH=(int)Game.SCREEN_DIMENSION.getWidth()/3; final private int HEIGHT=(int)Game.SCREEN_DIMENSION.getHeight()/2; public StartMenu() { setLayout(new GridBagLayout()); GridBagConstraints c = new GridBagConstraints(); setSize(new Dimension(WIDTH, HEIGHT)); posX=(int)Game.SCREEN_DIMENSION.getWidth()/2-WIDTH/2; posY=(int)Game.SCREEN_DIMENSION.getHeight()/2-HEIGHT/2; setBounds(posX, posY,WIDTH,HEIGHT); c.ipadx=95; c.ipady=15; c.fill = GridBagConstraints.HORIZONTAL; c.insets = new Insets(20,0,0,0); c.gridy=0; add(startGameButton, c); c.gridy=1; c.insets = new Insets(20,0,0,0); System.out.println(settingsGameButton.getWidth()); add(settingsGameButton, c); c.gridy=2; c.insets = new Insets(20,0,0,0); add(exitGameButton, c); settingsGameButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { GameOptionsPanel gop = new GameOptionsPanel(); Game.container.add(gop); Game.container.setComponentZOrder(gop, 0); Game.container.revalidate(); Game.container.repaint(); } }); exitGameButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { Main.currentGame.stop(); } }); } public void paintComponent(Graphics g) { g.drawImage(bgImage,0,0,WIDTH,HEIGHT,null); } } There is code of Settings JPanel public class GameOptionsPanel extends GamePanel { private GameButton backButton = new GameButton("Back"); private GameOptionsPanel that; public GameOptionsPanel() { super((int) (Game.SCREEN_DIMENSION.getWidth()/3), (int) (Game.SCREEN_DIMENSION.getHeight()/2), new Color(50,50,50)); that=this; setLayout(new GridBagLayout()); GridBagConstraints gbc = new GridBagConstraints(); gbc.fill=gbc.HORIZONTAL; add(backButton); backButton.addActionListener(new ActionListener() { @Override public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e) { Game.container.remove(that); Game.container.revalidate(); Game.container.repaint(); } }); } } I glad to see some suggestions. Thanks.

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  • xml file save/read error (making a highscore system for XNA game)

    - by Eddy
    i get an error after i write player name to the file for second or third time (An unhandled exception of type 'System.InvalidOperationException' occurred in System.Xml.dll Additional information: There is an error in XML document (18, 17).) (in highscores load method In data = (HighScoreData)serializer.Deserialize(stream); it stops) the problem is that some how it adds additional "" at the end of my .dat file could anyone tell me how to fix this? the file before save looks: <?xml version="1.0"?> <HighScoreData xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <PlayerName> <string>neil</string> <string>shawn</string> <string>mark</string> <string>cindy</string> <string>sam</string> </PlayerName> <Score> <int>200</int> <int>180</int> <int>150</int> <int>100</int> <int>50</int> </Score> <Count>5</Count> </HighScoreData> the file after save looks: <?xml version="1.0"?> <HighScoreData xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema"> <PlayerName> <string>Nick</string> <string>Nick</string> <string>neil</string> <string>shawn</string> <string>mark</string> </PlayerName> <Score> <int>210</int> <int>210</int> <int>200</int> <int>180</int> <int>150</int> </Score> <Count>5</Count> </HighScoreData>> the part of my code that does all of save load to xml is: DECLARATIONS PART [Serializable] public struct HighScoreData { public string[] PlayerName; public int[] Score; public int Count; public HighScoreData(int count) { PlayerName = new string[count]; Score = new int[count]; Count = count; } } IAsyncResult result = null; bool inputName; HighScoreData data; int Score = 0; public string NAME; public string HighScoresFilename = "highscores.dat"; Game1 constructor public Game1() { graphics = new GraphicsDeviceManager(this); Content.RootDirectory = "Content"; Width = graphics.PreferredBackBufferWidth = 960; Height = graphics.PreferredBackBufferHeight =640; GamerServicesComponent GSC = new GamerServicesComponent(this); Components.Add(GSC); } Inicialize function (end of it) protected override void Initialize() { //other game code base.Initialize(); string fullpath =Path.Combine(HighScoresFilename); if (!File.Exists(fullpath)) { //If the file doesn't exist, make a fake one... // Create the data to save data = new HighScoreData(5); data.PlayerName[0] = "neil"; data.Score[0] = 200; data.PlayerName[1] = "shawn"; data.Score[1] = 180; data.PlayerName[2] = "mark"; data.Score[2] = 150; data.PlayerName[3] = "cindy"; data.Score[3] = 100; data.PlayerName[4] = "sam"; data.Score[4] = 50; SaveHighScores(data, HighScoresFilename); } } all methods for loading saving and output public static void SaveHighScores(HighScoreData data, string filename) { // Get the path of the save game string fullpath = Path.Combine("highscores.dat"); // Open the file, creating it if necessary FileStream stream = File.Open(fullpath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate); try { // Convert the object to XML data and put it in the stream XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(HighScoreData)); serializer.Serialize(stream, data); } finally { // Close the file stream.Close(); } } /* Load highscores */ public static HighScoreData LoadHighScores(string filename) { HighScoreData data; // Get the path of the save game string fullpath = Path.Combine("highscores.dat"); // Open the file FileStream stream = File.Open(fullpath, FileMode.OpenOrCreate, FileAccess.Read); try { // Read the data from the file XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(HighScoreData)); data = (HighScoreData)serializer.Deserialize(stream);//this is the line // where program gives an error } finally { // Close the file stream.Close(); } return (data); } /* Save player highscore when game ends */ private void SaveHighScore() { // Create the data to saved HighScoreData data = LoadHighScores(HighScoresFilename); int scoreIndex = -1; for (int i = 0; i < data.Count ; i++) { if (Score > data.Score[i]) { scoreIndex = i; break; } } if (scoreIndex > -1) { //New high score found ... do swaps for (int i = data.Count - 1; i > scoreIndex; i--) { data.PlayerName[i] = data.PlayerName[i - 1]; data.Score[i] = data.Score[i - 1]; } data.PlayerName[scoreIndex] = NAME; //Retrieve User Name Here data.Score[scoreIndex] = Score; // Retrieve score here SaveHighScores(data, HighScoresFilename); } } /* Iterate through data if highscore is called and make the string to be saved*/ public string makeHighScoreString() { // Create the data to save HighScoreData data2 = LoadHighScores(HighScoresFilename); // Create scoreBoardString string scoreBoardString = "Highscores:\n\n"; for (int i = 0; i<5;i++) { scoreBoardString = scoreBoardString + data2.PlayerName[i] + "-" + data2.Score[i] + "\n"; } return scoreBoardString; } when ill make this work i will start this code when i call game over (now i start it when i press some buttons, so i could test it faster) public void InputYourName() { if (result == null && !Guide.IsVisible) { string title = "Name"; string description = "Write your name in order to save your Score"; string defaultText = "Nick"; PlayerIndex playerIndex = new PlayerIndex(); result= Guide.BeginShowKeyboardInput(playerIndex, title, description, defaultText, null, null); // NAME = result.ToString(); } if (result != null && result.IsCompleted) { NAME = Guide.EndShowKeyboardInput(result); result = null; inputName = false; SaveHighScore(); } } this where i call output to the screen (ill call this in highscores meniu section when i am done with debugging) spriteBatch.DrawString(Font1, "" + makeHighScoreString(),new Vector2(500,200), Color.White); }

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  • Camera frustum calculation coming out wrong

    - by Telanor
    I'm trying to calculate a view/projection/bounding frustum for the 6 directions of a point light and I'm having trouble with the views pointing along the Y axis. Our game uses a right-handed, Y-up system. For the other 4 directions I create the LookAt matrix using (0, 1, 0) as the up vector. Obviously that doesn't work when looking along the Y axis so for those I use an up vector of (-1, 0, 0) for -Y and (1, 0, 0) for +Y. The view matrix seems to come out correctly (and the projection matrix always stays the same), but the bounding frustum is definitely wrong. Can anyone see what I'm doing wrong? This is the code I'm using: camera.Projection = Matrix.PerspectiveFovRH((float)Math.PI / 2, ShadowMapSize / (float)ShadowMapSize, 1, 5); for(var i = 0; i < 6; i++) { var renderTargetView = shadowMap.GetRenderTargetView((TextureCubeFace)i); var up = DetermineLightUp((TextureCubeFace) i); var forward = DirectionToVector((TextureCubeFace) i); camera.View = Matrix.LookAtRH(this.Position, this.Position + forward, up); camera.BoundingFrustum = new BoundingFrustum(camera.View * camera.Projection); } private static Vector3 DirectionToVector(TextureCubeFace direction) { switch (direction) { case TextureCubeFace.NegativeX: return -Vector3.UnitX; case TextureCubeFace.NegativeY: return -Vector3.UnitY; case TextureCubeFace.NegativeZ: return -Vector3.UnitZ; case TextureCubeFace.PositiveX: return Vector3.UnitX; case TextureCubeFace.PositiveY: return Vector3.UnitY; case TextureCubeFace.PositiveZ: return Vector3.UnitZ; default: throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("direction"); } } private static Vector3 DetermineLightUp(TextureCubeFace direction) { switch (direction) { case TextureCubeFace.NegativeY: return -Vector3.UnitX; case TextureCubeFace.PositiveY: return Vector3.UnitX; default: return Vector3.UnitY; } } Edit: Here's what the values are coming out to for the PositiveX and PositiveY directions: Constants: Position = {X:0 Y:360 Z:0} camera.Projection = [M11:0.9999999 M12:0 M13:0 M14:0] [M21:0 M22:0.9999999 M23:0 M24:0] [M31:0 M32:0 M33:-1.25 M34:-1] [M41:0 M42:0 M43:-1.25 M44:0] PositiveX: up = {X:0 Y:1 Z:0} target = {X:1 Y:360 Z:0} camera.View = [M11:0 M12:0 M13:-1 M14:0] [M21:0 M22:1 M23:0 M24:0] [M31:1 M32:0 M33:0 M34:0] [M41:0 M42:-360 M43:0 M44:1] camera.BoundingFrustum: Matrix = [M11:0 M12:0 M13:1.25 M14:1] [M21:0 M22:0.9999999 M23:0 M24:0] [M31:0.9999999 M32:0 M33:0 M34:0] [M41:0 M42:-360 M43:-1.25 M44:0] Top = {A:0.7071068 B:-0.7071068 C:0 D:254.5584} Bottom = {A:0.7071068 B:0.7071068 C:0 D:-254.5584} Left = {A:0.7071068 B:0 C:0.7071068 D:0} Right = {A:0.7071068 B:0 C:-0.7071068 D:0} Near = {A:1 B:0 C:0 D:-1} Far = {A:-1 B:0 C:0 D:5} PositiveY: up = {X:0 Y:0 Z:-1} target = {X:0 Y:361 Z:0} camera.View = [M11:-1 M12:0 M13:0 M14:0] [M21:0 M22:0 M23:-1 M24:0] [M31:0 M32:-1 M33:0 M34:0] [M41:0 M42:0 M43:360 M44:1] camera.BoundingFrustum: Matrix = [M11:-0.9999999 M12:0 M13:0 M14:0] [M21:0 M22:0 M23:1.25 M24:1] [M31:0 M32:-0.9999999 M33:0 M34:0] [M41:0 M42:0 M43:-451.25 M44:-360] Top = {A:0 B:0.7071068 C:0.7071068 D:-254.5585} Bottom = {A:0 B:0.7071068 C:-0.7071068 D:-254.5585} Left = {A:-0.7071068 B:0.7071068 C:0 D:-254.5585} Right = {A:0.7071068 B:0.7071068 C:0 D:-254.5585} Near = {A:0 B:1 C:0 D:-361} Far = {A:0 B:-1 C:0 D:365} When I use the resulting BoundingFrustum to cull regions outside of it, this is the result: Pass PositiveX: Drew 3 regions Pass NegativeX: Drew 6 regions Pass PositiveY: Drew 400 regions Pass NegativeY: Drew 36 regions Pass PositiveZ: Drew 3 regions Pass NegativeZ: Drew 6 regions There are only 400 regions to draw and the light is in the center of them. As you can see, the PositiveY direction is drawing every single region. With the near/far planes of the perspective matrix set as small as they are, there's no way a single frustum could contain every single region.

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  • Camera wont stay behind model after pitch, then rotation

    - by ChocoMan
    I have a camera position behind a model. Currently, if I push the left thumbstick making my model move forward, backward, or strafe, the camera stays with the model. If I push the right thumbstick left or right, the model rotates in those directions fine along with the camera rotating while maintaining its position relatively behind the model. But when I pitch the model up or down, then rotate the model afterwards, the camera moves slightly rotates in a clock-like fashion behind the model. If I do a few rotations of the model and try to pitch the camera, the camera will eventually be looking at the side, then eventually the front of the model while also rotating in a clock-like fashion. My question is, how do I keep the camera to pitch up and down behind the model no matter how much the model has rotated? Here is what I got: // Rotates model and pitches camera on its own axis public void modelRotMovement(GamePadState pController) { // Rotates Camera with model Yaw = pController.ThumbSticks.Right.X * MathHelper.ToRadians(angularSpeed); // Pitches Camera around model Pitch = pController.ThumbSticks.Right.Y * MathHelper.ToRadians(angularSpeed); AddRotation = Quaternion.CreateFromYawPitchRoll(Yaw, 0, 0); ModelLoad.MRotation *= AddRotation; MOrientation = Matrix.CreateFromQuaternion(ModelLoad.MRotation); } // Orbit (yaw) Camera around with model (only seeing back of model) public void cameraYaw(Vector3 axisYaw, float yaw) { ModelLoad.CameraPos = Vector3.Transform(ModelLoad.CameraPos - ModelLoad.camTarget, Matrix.CreateFromAxisAngle(axisYaw, yaw)) + ModelLoad.camTarget; } // Raise camera above or below model's shoulders public void cameraPitch(Vector3 axisPitch, float pitch) { ModelLoad.CameraPos = Vector3.Transform(ModelLoad.CameraPos - ModelLoad.camTarget, Matrix.CreateFromAxisAngle(axisPitch, pitch)) + ModelLoad.camTarget; } // Call in update method public void updateCamera() { cameraYaw(Vector3.Up, Yaw); cameraPitch(Vector3.Right, Pitch); } NOTE: I tried to use addPitch just like addRotation but it didn't work...

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  • Why is a fully transparent pixel still rendered?

    - by Mr Bell
    I am trying to make a pixel shader that achieves an effect similar to this video http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f1uZvurrhig&feature=related My basic idea is render the scene to a temp render target then Render the previously rendered image with a slight fade on to another temp render target Draw the current scene on top of that Draw the results on to a render target that persists between draws Draw the results on to the screen But I am having problems with the fading portion. If I have my pixel shader return a color with its A component set to 0, shouldn't that basically amount to drawing nothing? (Assuming that sprite batch blend mode is set to AlphaBlend) To test this I have my pixel shader return a transparent red color. Instead of nothing being drawn, it draws a partially transparent red box. I hope that my question makes sense, but if it doesnt please ask me to clarify Here is the drawing code public override void Draw(GameTime gameTime) { GraphicsDevice.SamplerStates[1] = SamplerState.PointWrap; drawImageOnClearedRenderTarget(presentationTarget, tempRenderTarget, fadeEffect); drawImageOnRenderTarget(sceneRenderTarget, tempRenderTarget); drawImageOnClearedRenderTarget(tempRenderTarget, presentationTarget); GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(null); drawImage(backgroundTexture); drawImage(presentationTarget); base.Draw(gameTime); } private void drawImage(Texture2D image, Effect effect = null) { spriteBatch.Begin(0, BlendState.AlphaBlend, SamplerState.PointWrap, null, null, effect); spriteBatch.Draw(image, new Rectangle(0, 0, width, height), Color.White); spriteBatch.End(); } private void drawImageOnRenderTarget(Texture2D image, RenderTarget2D target, Effect effect = null) { GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(target); drawImage(image, effect); } private void drawImageOnClearedRenderTarget(Texture2D image, RenderTarget2D target, Effect effect = null) { GraphicsDevice.SetRenderTarget(target); GraphicsDevice.Clear(Color.Transparent); drawImage(image, effect); } Here is the fade pixel shader sampler TextureSampler : register(s0); float4 PixelShaderFunction(float2 texCoord : TEXCOORD0) : COLOR0 { float4 c = 0; c = tex2D(TextureSampler, texCoord); //c.a = clamp(c.a - 0.05, 0, 1); c.r = 1; c.g = 0; c.b = 0; c.a = 0; return c; } technique Fade { pass Pass1 { PixelShader = compile ps_2_0 PixelShaderFunction(); } }

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  • Unity custom shaders and z-fighting

    - by Heisenbug
    I've just readed a chapter of Unity iOS Essential by Robert Wiebe. It shows a solution for handling z-figthing problem occuring while rendering a street on a plane with the same y offset. Basically it modified Normal-Diffuse shader provided by Unity, specifing the (texture?) offset in -1, -1. Here's basically what the shader looks like: Shader "Custom/ModifiedNormalDiffuse" { Properties { _Color ("Main Color", Color) = (1,1,1,1) _MainTex ("Base (RGB)", 2D) = "white" {} } SubShader { Offset -1,-1 //THIS IS THE ADDED LINE Tags { "RenderType"="Opaque" } LOD 200 CGPROGRAM #pragma surface surf Lambert sampler2D _MainTex; fixed4 _Color; struct Input { float2 uv_MainTex; }; void surf (Input IN, inout SurfaceOutput o) { half4 c = tex2D (_MainTex, IN.uv_MainTex) *_Color; o.Albedo = c.rgb; o.Alpha = c.a; } ENDCG } FallBack "Diffuse" } Ok. That's simple and it works. The author says about it: ...we could use a copy of the shader that draw the road at an Offset of -1, -1 so that whenever the two textures are drawn, the road is always drawn last. I don't know CG nor GLSL, but I've a little bit of experience with HLSL. Anyway I can't figure out what exactly is going on. Could anyone explain me what exactly Offset directly does, and how is solves z-fighting problems?

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  • A Quick HLSL Question (How to modify some HLSL code)

    - by electroflame
    Thanks for wanting to help! I'm trying to create a circular, repeating ring (that moves outward) on a texture. I've achieved this, to a degree, with the following code: float distance = length(inTex - in_ShipCenter); float time = in_Time; ///* Simple distance/time combination */ float2 colorIndex = float2(distance - time, .3); float4 shipColor = tex2D(BaseTexture, inTex); float4 ringColor = tex2D(ringTexture, colorIndex); float4 finalColor; finalColor.rgb = (shipColor.rgb) + (ringColor.rgb); finalColor.a = shipColor.a; // Use the base texture's alpha (transparency). return finalColor; This works, and works how I want it to. The ring moves outward from the center of the texture at a steady rate, and is constrained to the edges of the base texture (i.e. it won't continue past an edge). However, there are a few issues with it that I would like some help on, though. They are: By combining the color additively (when I set finalColor.rgb), it makes the resulting ring color much lighter than I want (which, is pretty much the definition of additive blending, but I don't really want additive blending in this case). I would really like to be able to pass in the color that I want the ring to be. Currently, I have to pass in a texture that contains the color of the ring, but I think that doing it that way is kind of wasteful and overly-cumbersome. I know that I'm probably being an idiot over this, so I greatly appreciate the help. Some other (possibly relevant) information: I'm using XNA. I'm applying this by providing it to a SpriteBatch (as an Effect). The SpriteBatch is using BlendState.NonPremultiplied. Thanks in advance! EDIT: Thanks for the answers thus far, as they've helped me get a better grasp of the color issue. However, I'm still unsure of how to pass a color in and not use a texture. i.e. Can I create a tex2D by using a float4 instead of a texture? Or can I make a texture from a float4 and pass the texture in to the tex2D? DOUBLE EDIT: Here's some example pictures: With the effect off: With the effect on: With the effect on, but with the color weighting set to full: As you can see, the color weighting makes the base texture completely black (The background is black, so it looks transparent). You can also see the red it's supposed to be, and then the white-ish it really is when blended additively.

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  • Pygame surfaces and their Rects

    - by Jaka Novak
    I am trying to understand how pygame surfaces work. I am confused about Rect position of Surface object. If I try blit surface on screen at some position then Surface is drawn at right position, but Rect of the surface is still at position (0, 0)... I tried write my own surface class with new rect, but i am not sure if is that right solution. My goal is that i could move surface like image with rect.move() or something like that. If there is any solution to do that i would be happy to read it. Thanks for answer and time for reading this awful English If helps i write some code for better understanding my problem. (run it first, and then uncomment two lines of code and run again to see the diference): import pygame from pygame.locals import * class SurfaceR(pygame.Surface): def __init__(self, size, position): pygame.Surface.__init__(self, size) self.rect = pygame.Rect(position, size) self.position = position self.size = size def get_rect(self): return self.rect def main(): pygame.init() screen = pygame.display.set_mode((640, 480)) pygame.display.set_caption("Screen!?") clock = pygame.time.Clock() fps = 30 white = (255, 255, 255) red = (255, 0, 0) green = (0, 255, 0) blue = (0, 0, 255) surface = pygame.Surface((70,200)) surface.fill(red) surface_re = SurfaceR((300, 50), (100, 300)) surface_re.fill(blue) while True: for event in pygame.event.get(): if event.type == QUIT: return 0 screen.blit(surface, (100,50)) screen.blit(surface_re, surface_re.position) #pygame.draw.rect(screen, white, surface.get_rect()) #pygame.draw.rect(screen, white, surface_re.get_rect()) pygame.display.update() clock.tick(fps) if __name__ == "__main__": main()

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  • Collision detection on a 2D hexagonal grid

    - by SundayMonday
    I'm making a casual grid-based 2D iPhone game using Cocos2D. The grid is a "staggered" hex-like grid consisting of uniformly sized and spaced discs. It looks something like this. I've stored the grid in a 2D array. Also I have a concept of "surrounding" grid cells. Namely the six grid cells surrounding a particular cell (except those on the boundries which can have less than six). Anyways I'm testing some collision detection and it's not working out as well as I had planned. Here's how I currently do collision detection for a moving disc that's approaching the stationary group of discs: Calculate ij-coordinates of grid cell closest to moving cell using moving cell's xy-position Get list of surrounding grid cells using ij-coordinates Examine the surrounding cells. If they're all empty then no collision If we have some non-empty surrounding cells then compare the distance between the disc centers to some minimum distance required for a collision If there's a collision then place the moving disc in grid cell ij So this works but not too well. I've considered a potentially simpler brute force approach where I just compare the moving disc to all stationary discs at each step of the game loop. This is probably feasible in terms of performance since the stationary disc count is 300 max. If not then some space-partitioning data structure could be used however that feels too complex. What are some common approaches and best practices to collision detection in a game like this?

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  • Will I have an easier time learning OpenGL in Pygame or Pyglet? (NeHe tutorials downloaded)

    - by shadowprotocol
    I'm looking between PyGame and Pyglet, Pyglet seems to be somewhat newer and more Pythony, but it's last release according to Wikipedia is January '10. PyGame seems to have more documentation, more recent updates, and more published books/tutorials on the web for learning. I downloaded both the Pyglet and PyGame versions of the NeHe OpenGL tutorials (Lessons 1-10) which cover this material: lesson01 - Setting up the window lesson02 - Polygons lesson03 - Adding color lesson04 - Rotation lesson05 - 3D lesson06 - Textures lesson07 - Filters, Lighting, input lesson08 - Blending (transparency) lesson09 - 2D Sprites in 3D lesson10 - Moving in a 3D world What do you guys think? Is my hunch that I'll be better off working with PyGame somewhat warranted?

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  • Please help with bounding box/sprite collision in darkBASIC pro

    - by user1601163
    So I just recently learned BASIC and figured I would try making a clone of pong on my own in darkBASIC pro, and I made everything else work just fine except for the part that makes the ball bounce off the paddle. And yes I'm aware that the game is not yet finished. The error is on lines 39-51 EVERYTHING IS 2D. /////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// // // Project: Pong // Created: Friday, August 31, 2012 // Code: Brandon Spaulding // Art: Brandon Spaulding // Made in CIS lab at CPAVTS // Pong art and code © Brandon Spaulding 2012-2013 // ////////////////////////////////////////////////////////// y=150 x=0 ay=150 ax=612 ballx=300 bally=200 ballx_DIR=1 bally_DIR=1 hide mouse set global collision on //objectnumber=10 //make object box objectnumber,5,150,0 do load image "media\paddle1.png",1 load image "media\paddle2.png",2 load image "media\ball.png",3 sprite 1,x,y,1 sprite 2,ax,ay,2 sprite 3,ballx,bally,3 if upkey()=1 then y = y - 4 if downkey()=1 then y = y + 4 //num_1 = sprite collision(1,0) //num_2 = sprite collision(2,0) num_3 = sprite collision(3,0) for t=1 to 2 //ball&paddle collision if num_3 > 0 if bally_DIR=1 bally_DIR=0 else bally_DIR=1 endif if ballx_DIR=0 ballx_DIR=1 else ballx_DIR=0 endif endif //if bally > 1 and bally < 500 then bally=bally + 2.5 if bally_DIR=1 bally=bally-2.5 if bally<-2.5 bally_DIR=0 endif else bally=bally+2.5 if bally>452.5 bally_DIR=1 endif endif if ballx_DIR=1 ballx=ballx-2.5 if ballx<-2.5 ballx_DIR=0 endif else ballx=ballx+2.5 if ballx>612 ballx_DIR=1 endif endif //bally = bally + t //if bally < 600 or bally > 1 then bally = bally - 2.5 //if ballx < 400 or ballx > 1 then ballx = ballx + 2.5 //move sprite 3,1 next t if escapekey()=1 then exit loop end Thank you in advance for the help.

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  • Different methods of ammo resupply

    - by Chris Mantle
    I'm writing a small game at the moment. Presently, I have one or two design elements that aren't locked down yet, and I wanted to ask for input on one of these. For dramatic effect, the player's character in my game is immobilised, alone and has a supposedly limited amount of ammo for their weapons. However, I would like to periodically resupply the player with ammo (for the purpose of balancing the level of difficulty and to allow the player to continue if they're doing well). I'm trying to think of a method of resupply that's different to the more familiar strategies of making ammo magically appear or having the antagonists drop some when they die. I'd like to emphasise the notion of the player's isolation as much as possible, and finding a way of 'sneaking' ammo to the player without removing too much of that emphasis is basically what I'm trying to think of (it's definitely a valid argument that resupplying the player removes it anyway) I have considered a sort of simple in-game 'store', where kills get you points that you can spend on ammo for your favourite weapon. This might work well, and may also be good for supporting a simple micro-transaction business model within the game. However, you'd have to pause the game often to make purchases, which would interrupt the action, and it works against the notion of isolation. Any thoughts?

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  • Errors compiling XNA project Windows 8?

    - by ChocoMan
    I'm using Visual Studio 2012 have just installed Windows 8 on my computer and tried to compile a game Im working on in XNA. When the game tried to build, I got the following errors: Error 12 Could not copy the file "C:\Users\Computer\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\WindowsGame1\WindowsGame1\WindowsGame1\bin\x86\Debug\Content\SkyDome\skycirrus01.xnb" because it was not found. Error 13 Could not copy the file "C:\Users\Computer\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\WindowsGame1\WindowsGame1\WindowsGame1\bin\x86\Debug\Content\Fonts\Arial.xnb" because it was not found. Error 14 Could not copy the file "C:\Users\Computer\Documents\Visual Studio 2012\Projects\WindowsGame1\WindowsGame1\WindowsGame1\bin\x86\Debug\Content\Fonts\ISOCP2.xnb" because it was not found. skycirrus01.xnb is actually a .fbx. *Arial.xmb* and ISOCP2.xmb are my spritefonts within my project. Prior to installing Windows 8 (store bought) my project compiled. Does anyone know how to convert these to .xnb files? I'm assuming that will make them compatible.

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  • Improving SpriteBatch performance for tiles

    - by Richard Rast
    I realize this is a variation on what has got to be a common question, but after reading several (good answers) I'm no closer to a solution here. So here's my situation: I'm making a 2D game which has (among some other things) a tiled world, and so, drawing this world implies drawing a jillion tiles each frame (depending on resolution: it's roughly a 64x32 tile with some transparency). Now I want the user to be able to maximize the game (or fullscreen mode, actually, as its a bit more efficient) and instead of scaling textures (bleagh) this will just allow lots and lots of tiles to be shown at once. Which is great! But it turns out this makes upward of 2000 tiles on the screen each time, and this is framerate-limiting (I've commented out enough other parts of the game to make sure this is the bottleneck). It gets worse if I use multiple source rectangles on the same texture (I use a tilesheet; I believe changing textures entirely makes things worse), or if you tint the tiles, or whatever. So, the general question is this: What are some general methods for improving the drawing of thousands of repetitive sprites? Answers pertaining to XNA's SpriteBatch would be helpful but I'm equally happy with general theory. Also, any tricks pertaining to this situation in particular (drawing a tiled world efficiently) are also welcome. I really do want to draw all of them, though, and I need the SpriteMode.BackToFront to be active, because

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