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• Can someone explain the "use-cases" for the default munin graphs?

  - by exhuma

  When installing munin, it activates a default set of plugins (at least on ubuntu). Alternatively, you can simply run munin-node-configure to figure out which plugins are supported on your system. Most of these plugins plot straight-forward data. My question is not to explain the nature of the data (well... maybe for some) but what is it that you look for in these graphs? It is easy to install munin and see fancy graphs. But having the graphs and not being able to "read" them renders them totally useless. I am going to list standard plugins which are enabled by default on my system. So it's going to be a long list. For completeness, I am also going to list plugins which I think to understand and give a short explanation as to what I think it's used for. Pleas correct if I am wrong with any of them. So let me split this questions in three parts: Plugins where I don't even understand the data Plugins where I understand the data but don't know what I should look out for Plugins which I think to understand Plugins where I don't even understand the data These may contain questions that are not necessarily aimed at munin alone. Not understanding the data usually mean a gap in fundamental knowledge on operating systems/hardware.... ;) Feel free to respond with a "giyf" answer. These are plugins where I can only guess what's going on... I hardly want to look at these "guessing"... Disk IOs per device (IOs/second)What's an IO. I know it stands for input/output. But that's as far as it goes. Disk latency per device (Average IO wait)Not a clue what an "IO wait" is... IO Service TimeThis one is a huge mess, and it's near impossible to see something in the graph at all. Plugins where I understand the data but don't know what I should look out for IOStat (blocks/second read/written)I assume, the thing to look out for in here are spikes? Which would mean that the device is in heavy use? Available entropy (bytes)I assume that this is important for random number generation? Why would I graph this? So far the value has always been near constant. VMStat (running/I/O sleep processes)What's the difference between this one and the "processes" graph? Both show running/sleeping processes, whereas the "Processes" graph seems to have more details. Disk throughput per device (bytes/second read/written) What's thedifference between this one and the "IOStat" graph? inode table usageWhat should I look for in this graph? Plugins which I think to understand I'll be guessing some things here... correct me if I am wrong. Disk usage in percent (percent)How much disk space is used/remaining. As this is approaching 100%, you should consider cleaning up or extend the partition. This is extremely important for the root partition. Firewall Throughput (packets/second)The number of packets passing through the firewall. If this is spiking for a longer period of time, it could be a sign of a DOS attack (or we are simply recieving a large file). It can also give you an idea about your firewall performance. If it's levelling out and you need more "power" you should consider load balancing. If it's levelling out and see a correlation with your CPU load, it could also mean that your hardware is not fast enough. Correlations with disk usage could point to excessive LOG targets in you FW config. eth0 errors (packets in/out)Network errors. If this value is increasing, it could be a sign of faulty hardware. eth0 traffic (bits/second in/out)Raw network traffic. This should correlate with Firewall throughput. number of threadsAn ever-increasing value might point to a process not properly closing threads. Investigate! processesBreakdown of active processes (including sleeping). A quick spike in here might point to a fork-bomb. A slowly, but ever-increasing value might point to an application spawning sub-processes but not properly closing them. Investigate using ps faux. process priorityThis shows the distribution of process priorities. Having only high-priority processes is not of much use. Consider de-prioritizing some. cpu usageFairly straight-forward. If this is spiking, you may have an attack going on, or a process is hogging the CPU. Idf it's slowly increasing and approaching max in normal operations, you should consider upgrading your hardware (or load-balancing). file table usageNumber of actively open files. If this is reaching max, you may have a process opening, but not properly releasing files. load averageShows an summarized value for the system load. Should correlate with CPU usage. Increasing values can come from a number of sources. Look for correlations with other graphs. memory usageA graphical representation of you memory. As long as you have a lot of unused+cache+buffers you are fine. swap in/outShows the activity on your swap partition. This should always be 0. If you see activity on this, you should add more memory to your machine!

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• Issue with translating a delegate function from c# to vb.net for use with Google OAuth 2

  - by Jeremy

  I've been trying to translate a Google OAuth 2 example from C# to Vb.net for a co-worker's project. I'm having on end of issues translating the following methods: private OAuth2Authenticator<WebServerClient> CreateAuthenticator() { // Register the authenticator. var provider = new WebServerClient(GoogleAuthenticationServer.Description); provider.ClientIdentifier = ClientCredentials.ClientID; provider.ClientSecret = ClientCredentials.ClientSecret; var authenticator = new OAuth2Authenticator<WebServerClient>(provider, GetAuthorization) { NoCaching = true }; return authenticator; } private IAuthorizationState GetAuthorization(WebServerClient client) { // If this user is already authenticated, then just return the auth state. IAuthorizationState state = AuthState; if (state != null) { return state; } // Check if an authorization request already is in progress. state = client.ProcessUserAuthorization(new HttpRequestInfo(HttpContext.Current.Request)); if (state != null && (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(state.AccessToken) || !string.IsNullOrEmpty(state.RefreshToken))) { // Store and return the credentials. HttpContext.Current.Session["AUTH_STATE"] = _state = state; return state; } // Otherwise do a new authorization request. string scope = TasksService.Scopes.TasksReadonly.GetStringValue(); OutgoingWebResponse response = client.PrepareRequestUserAuthorization(new[] { scope }); response.Send(); // Will throw a ThreadAbortException to prevent sending another response. return null; } The main issue being this line: var authenticator = new OAuth2Authenticator<WebServerClient>(provider, GetAuthorization) { NoCaching = true }; The Method signature reads as for this particular line reads as follows: Public Sub New(tokenProvider As TClient, authProvider As System.Func(Of TClient, DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.IAuthorizationState)) My understanding of Delegate functions in VB.net isn't the greatest. However I have read over all of the MSDN documentation and other relevant resources on the web, but I'm still stuck as to how to translate this particular line. So far all of my attempts have resulted in either the a cast error (see below) or no call to GetAuthorization. The Code (vb.net on .net 3.5) Private Function CreateAuthenticator() As OAuth2Authenticator(Of WebServerClient) ' Register the authenticator. Dim client As New WebServerClient(GoogleAuthenticationServer.Description, oauth.ClientID, oauth.ClientSecret) Dim authDelegate As Func(Of WebServerClient, IAuthorizationState) = AddressOf GetAuthorization Dim authenticator = New OAuth2Authenticator(Of WebServerClient)(client, authDelegate) With {.NoCaching = True} 'Dim authenticator = New OAuth2Authenticator(Of WebServerClient)(client, GetAuthorization(client)) With {.NoCaching = True} 'Dim authenticator = New OAuth2Authenticator(Of WebServerClient)(client, New Func(Of WebServerClient, IAuthorizationState)(Function(c) GetAuthorization(c))) With {.NoCaching = True} 'Dim authenticator = New OAuth2Authenticator(Of WebServerClient)(client, New Func(Of WebServerClient, IAuthorizationState)(AddressOf GetAuthorization)) With {.NoCaching = True} Return authenticator End Function Private Function GetAuthorization(arg As WebServerClient) As IAuthorizationState ' If this user is already authenticated, then just return the auth state. Dim state As IAuthorizationState = AuthState If (Not state Is Nothing) Then Return state End If ' Check if an authorization request already is in progress. state = arg.ProcessUserAuthorization(New HttpRequestInfo(HttpContext.Current.Request)) If (state IsNot Nothing) Then If ((String.IsNullOrEmpty(state.AccessToken) = False Or String.IsNullOrEmpty(state.RefreshToken) = False)) Then ' Store Credentials HttpContext.Current.Session("AUTH_STATE") = state _state = state Return state End If End If ' Otherwise do a new authorization request. Dim scope As String = AnalyticsService.Scopes.AnalyticsReadonly.GetStringValue() Dim _response As OutgoingWebResponse = arg.PrepareRequestUserAuthorization(New String() {scope}) ' Add Offline Access and forced Approval _response.Headers("location") += "&access_type=offline&approval_prompt=force" _response.Send() ' Will throw a ThreadAbortException to prevent sending another response. Return Nothing End Function The Cast Error Server Error in '/' Application. Unable to cast object of type 'DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.AuthorizationState' to type 'System.Func`2[DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.WebServerClient,DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.IAuthorizationState]'. Description: An unhandled exception occurred during the execution of the current web request. Please review the stack trace for more information about the error and where it originated in the code. Exception Details: System.InvalidCastException: Unable to cast object of type 'DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.AuthorizationState' to type 'System.Func`2[DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.WebServerClient,DotNetOpenAuth.OAuth2.IAuthorizationState]'. I've spent the better part of a day on this, and it's starting to drive me nuts. Help is much appreciated.

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• How to configure the roles in my tomcat application to work with JNDI(WIN AUTH)

  - by Itay Levin

  Hi, I'm trying to change the authentication mode of my application from JDBC-REALM to JNDI-REALM. I configured the following section inside the Server.xml <Realm className="org.apache.catalina.realm.JNDIRealm" debug="99" connectionURL="ldap://****:389/DC=onsetinc,DC=com??sAMccountName?sub?(objectClass=*)" connectionName="[email protected]" connectionPassword="password" userBase="CN=Users" referrals="follow" userSearch="(sAMAccountName={0})" userSubtree="true" roleBase="CN=Users" roleName="name" roleSubtree="true" roleSearch="(member={1})"/> I have also configured the web.xml under my appfolder to contain the following: <security-role> <role-name>Admin</role-name> </security-role> <security-role> <role-name>WaterlooUsers</role-name> </security-role> <security-constraint> <web-resource-collection> <web-resource-name>Tube</web-resource-name> <url-pattern>/ComposeMessage.jsp</url-pattern> <url-pattern>/PageStatus.jsp</url-pattern> <url-pattern>/UserStatus.jsp</url-pattern> <url-pattern>/SearchEC.jsp</url-pattern> <url-pattern>/SearchEC2.jsp</url-pattern> <url-pattern>/SearchMessageStatisticsEC.jsp</url-pattern> <url-pattern>/SearchMessageStatus.jsp</url-pattern> <url-pattern>/SearchMessageStatisticsPager.jsp</url-pattern> <url-pattern>/SearchPageStatus.jsp</url-pattern> </web-resource-collection> <auth-constraint> <role-name>WaterlooUsers</role-name> </auth-constraint> </security-constraint> In my Active directory i have created a new group called WaterlooUsers It's distinguish name is : distinguishedName: CN=WaterlooUsers,CN=Users,DC=onsetinc,DC=com It has a property member which contains the following user: member: CN=Itay Levin,CN=Users,DC=onsetinc,DC=com (which is my user) My record on the active directory looks like that: sAMAccountName: itayL distinguishedName: CN=Itay Levin,CN=Users,DC=onsetinc,DC=com memberOf: CN=WaterlooUsers,CN=Users,DC=onsetinc,DC=com and when i get the popup for user/password i enter the username "ItayL" in the authentication message box (and my password) I have 2 questions: How do i configure correctly the roles parameters correctly in the Realm section in the server.xml to enable me to both authenticate and authorize both this group of users WaterlooUsers and also assign them to the appropriate role so that they can see all the relevant pages in my website. - currently it seems that all the Users in my domain are authenticated to the site but get the http-403 Error and can't access any of the pages in the site. I also want to be able to create 2 different set of roles in my site - which can both have access to the same pages - but will see different things on the page. (for instance adding some administrative ability to the admin) Hope it was clear enough and not too long. Thanks in advance, Itay

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• How to Get The Output Of a command terminated by a alarm() call.

  - by rockyurock

  Case 1 If I run below command i.e iperf in UL only, then i am able to capture the o/p in txt file @output = readpipe("iperf.exe -u -c 127.0.0.1 -p 5001 -b 3600k -t 10 -i 1"); open FILE, ">Misplay_DL.txt" or die $!; print FILE @output; close FILE; Case 2 When I run iperf in DL mode , as we know server will start listening in cont. mode like below even after getting data from client (Here i am using server and client on LAN) @output = system("iperf.exe -u -s -p 5001 -i 1"); on server side: D:\_IOT_SESSION_RELATED\SEEM_ELEMESNTS_AT_COMM_PORT_CONF\Tput_Related_Tools\AUTO MATION_APP_\AUTOMATION_UTILITYiperf.exe -u -s -p 5001 ------------------------------------------------------------ Server listening on UDP port 5001 Receiving 1470 byte datagrams UDP buffer size: 8.00 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [1896] local 192.168.5.101 port 5001 connected with 192.168.5.101 port 4878 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth Jitter Lost/Total Datagrams [1896] 0.0- 2.0 sec 881 KBytes 3.58 Mbits/sec 0.000 ms 0/ 614 (0%) command prompt does not appear , process is contd... on client side: D:\_IOT_SESSION_RELATED\SEEM_ELEMESNTS_AT_COMM_PORT_CONF\Tput_Related_Tools\AUTO MATION_APP_\AUTOMATION_UTILITYiperf.exe -u -c 192.168.5.101 -p 5001 -b 3600k -t 2 -i 1 ------------------------------------------------------------ Client connecting to 192.168.5.101, UDP port 5001 Sending 1470 byte datagrams UDP buffer size: 8.00 KByte (default) ------------------------------------------------------------ [1880] local 192.168.5.101 port 4878 connected with 192.168.5.101 port 5001 [ ID] Interval Transfer Bandwidth [1880] 0.0- 1.0 sec 441 KBytes 3.61 Mbits/sec [1880] 1.0- 2.0 sec 439 KBytes 3.60 Mbits/sec [1880] 0.0- 2.0 sec 881 KBytes 3.58 Mbits/sec [1880] Server Report: [1880] 0.0- 2.0 sec 881 KBytes 3.58 Mbits/sec 0.000 ms 0/ 614 (0%) [1880] Sent 614 datagrams D:\_IOT_SESSION_RELATED\SEEM_ELEMESNTS_AT_COMM_PORT_CONF\Tput_Related_Tools\AUTO MATION_APP_\AUTOMATION_UTILITY so with this as server is cont. listening and never terminates so can't take output of server side to a txt file as it is going to the next command itself to create a txt file so i adopted the alarm() function to terminate the server side (iperf.exe -u -s -p 5001) commands after it received all data from the client. could anybody suggest me the way.. Here is my code: #! /usr/bin/perl -w my $command = "iperf.exe -u -s -p 5001"; my @output; eval { local $SIG{ALRM} = sub { die "Timeout\n" }; alarm 20; #@output = `$command`; #my @output = readpipe("iperf.exe -u -s -p 5001"); #my @output = exec("iperf.exe -u -s -p 5001"); my @output = system("iperf.exe -u -s -p 5001"); alarm 0; }; if ($@) { warn "$command timed out.\n"; } else { print "$command successful. Output was:\n", @output; } open FILE, ">display.txt" or die $!; print FILE @output_1; close FILE; i know that with system command i cannot capture the o/p to a txt file but i tried with readpipe() and exec() calls also but in vain... could some one please take a look and let me know why the iperf.exe -u -s -p 5001 is not terminating even after the alarm call and to take the out put to a txt file

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• How to validate and entry on a datagrid that is bound to an adapter

  - by Ziv

  Hi, I've been using C# for a while and began a program now to learn WPF-which means I know almost nothing of it. I used this tutorial as a guide to do what I wanted to do (which is binding a database to a datagrid), after a hard struggle to add the adapter as the source of the datagrid I now want to enable editing with validation on some of the cells. My problem is that the data is sent straight from the adapter and not through an object collection (I had a hard time getting to this situation, see the first half of the tutorial on how to bind the adapter and dataset through the resources) but the tutorial doesn't show a way to validate the datagrid if the data is sent through an adapter-only through a collection. To make it clear-how do I validate input in a datagrid that is bound to an adapter through a resource? The relevant code: (XAML) <Window.Resources> <ObjectDataProvider x:Key="DiscsDataProvider" ObjectType="{x:Type local:DiscsDataProvider}" /> <ObjectDataProvider x:Key="Discs" ObjectInstance="{StaticResource ResourceKey=DiscsDataProvider}" MethodName="GetDiscs" /> <Style x:Key="CellEditStyle" TargetType="{x:Type TextBox}"> <Setter Property="BorderThickness" Value="0"/> <Setter Property="Padding" Value="0"/> <Setter Property="Background" Value="Yellow"/> <Style.Triggers> <Trigger Property="Validation.HasError" Value="true"> <Setter Property="ToolTip" Value="{Binding RelativeSource={RelativeSource Self}, Path=(Validation.Errors)[0].ErrorContent}"/> </Trigger> </Style.Triggers> </Style> </Window.Resources> For the datagrid: <Grid Width="auto" Height="auto"> <DockPanel DataContext="{Binding Source={StaticResource ResourceKey=Discs}}"> <DataGrid Margin="12,0,0,12" Name="View_dg" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Width="533" Height="262" VerticalAlignment="Bottom" ItemsSource="{Binding}" AutoGenerateColumns="False" CanUserAddRows="False" CanUserDeleteRows="False" CanUserResizeColumns="True"> <DataGrid.Columns> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=ContainerID}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="True" CanUserSort="True" EditingElementStyle="{StaticResource CellEditStyle}" IsReadOnly="False" Header="Container" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=ID}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="True" CanUserSort="True" EditingElementStyle="{StaticResource CellEditStyle}" IsReadOnly="True" Header="ID" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=Title}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="True" CanUserSort="True" EditingElementStyle="{StaticResource CellEditStyle}" IsReadOnly="False" Header="Title" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=SubTitle}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="True" CanUserSort="False" EditingElementStyle="{StaticResource CellEditStyle}" IsReadOnly="False" Header="Sub Title" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=Type}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="True" CanUserSort="True" EditingElementStyle="{StaticResource CellEditStyle}" IsReadOnly="False" Header="Type" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=Volume}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="True" CanUserSort="False" EditingElementStyle="{StaticResource CellEditStyle}" IsReadOnly="False" Header="Volume" /> <DataGridTextColumn Binding="{Binding Path=TotalDiscs}" CanUserReorder="False" CanUserResize="True" CanUserSort="False" EditingElementStyle="{StaticResource CellEditStyle}" IsReadOnly="False" Header="Total Discs" /> </DataGrid.Columns> </DataGrid> </DockPanel> and C#: public class DiscsDataProvider { private DiscsTableAdapter adapter; private DB dataset; public DiscsDataProvider() { dataset = new DB(); adapter = new DiscsTableAdapter(); adapter.Fill(dataset.Discs); } public DataView GetDiscs() { return dataset.Discs.DefaultView; } }

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• Writing a code example

  - by Stefano Borini

  I would like to have your feedback regarding code examples. One of the most frustrating experiences I sometimes have when learning a new technology is finding useless examples. I think an example as the most precious thing that comes with a new library, language, or technology. It must be a starting point, a wise and unadulterated explanation on how to achieve a given result. A perfect example must have the following characteristics: Self contained: it should be small enough to be compiled or executed as a single program, without dependencies or complex makefiles. An example is also a strong functional test if you correctly installed the new technology. The more issues could arise, the more likely is that something goes wrong, and the more difficult is to debug and solve the situation. Pertinent: it should demonstrate one, and only one, specific feature of your software/library, involving the minimal additional behavior from external libraries. Helpful: the code should bring you forward, step by step, using comments or self-documenting code. Extensible: the example code should be a small “framework” or blueprint for additional tinkering. A learner can start by adding features to this blueprint. Recyclable: it should be possible to extract parts of the example to use in your own code Easy: An example code is not the place to show your code-fu skillz. Keep it easy. helpful acronym: SPHERE. Prototypical examples of violations of those rules are the following: Violation of self-containedness: an example spanning multiple files without any real need for it. If your example is a python program, keep everything into a single module file. Don’t sub-modularize it. In Java, try to keep everything into a single class, unless you really must partition some entity into a meaningful object you need to pass around (and java mandates one class per file, if I remember correctly). Violation of Pertinency: When showing how many different shapes you can draw, adding radio buttons and complex controls with all the possible choices for point shapes is a bad idea. You de-focalize your example code, introducing code for event handling, controls initialization etc., and this is not part the feature you want to demonstrate, they are unnecessary noise in the understanding of the crucial mechanisms providing the feature. Violation of Helpfulness: code containing dubious naming, wrong comments, hacks, and functions longer than one page of code. Violation of Extensibility: badly factored code that have everything into a single function, with potentially swappable entities embedded within the code. Example: if an example reads data from a file and displays it, create a method getData() returning a useful entity, instead of opening the file raw and plotting the stuff. This way, if the user of the library needs to read data from a HTTP server instead, he just has to modify the getData() module and use the example almost as-is. Another violation of Extensibility comes if the example code is not under a fully liberal (e.g. MIT or BSD) license. Violation of Recyclability: when the code layout is so intermingled that is difficult to easily copy and paste parts of it and recycle them into another program. Again, licensing is also a factor. Violation of Easiness: Yes, you are a functional-programming nerd and want to show how cool you are by doing everything on a single line of map, filter and so on, but that could not be helpful to someone else, who is already under pressure to understand your library, and now has to understand your code as well. And in general, the final rule: if it takes more than 10 minutes to do the following: compile the code, run it, read the source, and understand it fully, it means that the example is not a good one. Please let me know your opinion, either positive or negative, or experience on this regard.

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• How to send web browser a loading page, then some time later a results page

  - by Kurt W. Leucht

  I've wasted at least a half day of my company's time searching the Internet for an answer and I'm getting wrapped around the axle here. I can't figure out the difference between all the different technology choices (long polling, ajax streaming, comet, XMPP, etc.) and I can't get a simple hello world example working on my PC. I am running Apache 2.2 and ActivePerl 5.10.0. JavaScript is completely acceptable for this solution. All I want to do is write a simple Perl CGI script that when accessed, it immediately returns some HTML that tells the user to wait or maybe sends an animated GIF. Then without any user intervention (no mouse clicks or anything) I want the CGI script to at some time later replace the wait message or the animated GIF with the actual results from their query. I know this is simple stuff and websites do it all the time using JavaScript, but I can't find a single working example that I can cut and paste onto my machine that will work in Perl. Here is my simple Hello World example that I've compiled from various Internet sources, but it doesn't seem to work. When I refresh this Perl CGI script in my web browser it prints nothing for 5 seconds, then it prints the PLEASE BE PATIENT web page, but not the results web page. So the Ajax XMLHttpRequest stuff obviously isn't working right. What am I doing wrong? #!C:\Perl\bin\perl.exe use CGI; use CGI::Carp qw/fatalsToBrowser warningsToBrowser/; sub Create_HTML { my $html = <<EOHTML; <html> <head> <meta http-equiv="pragma" content="no-cache" /> <meta http-equiv="expires" content="-1" /> <script type="text/javascript" > var xmlhttp=false; /*@cc_on @*/ /*@if (@_jscript_version >= 5) // JScript gives us Conditional compilation, we can cope with old IE versions. // and security blocked creation of the objects. try { xmlhttp = new ActiveXObject("Msxml2.XMLHTTP"); } catch (e) { try { xmlhttp = new ActiveXObject("Microsoft.XMLHTTP"); } catch (E) { xmlhttp = false; } } @end @*/ if (!xmlhttp && typeof XMLHttpRequest!='undefined') { try { xmlhttp = new XMLHttpRequest(); } catch (e) { xmlhttp=false; } } if (!xmlhttp && window.createRequest) { try { xmlhttp = window.createRequest(); } catch (e) { xmlhttp=false; } } </script> <title>Ajax Streaming Connection Demo</title> </head> <body> Some header text. <p> <div id="response">PLEASE BE PATIENT</div> <p> Some footer text. </body> </html> EOHTML return $html; } my $cgi = new CGI; print $cgi->header; print Create_HTML(); sleep(5); print "<script type=\"text/javascript\">\n"; print "\$('response').innerHTML = 'Here are your results!';\n"; print "</script>\n";

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• Repeated Squaring - Matrix Multiplication using NEWMAT

  - by Dinakar Kulkarni

  I'm trying to use the repeated squaring algorithm (using recursion) to perform matrix exponentiation. I've included header files from the NEWMAT library instead of using arrays. The original matrix has elements in the range (-5,5), all numbers being of type float. # include "C:\User\newmat10\newmat.h" # include "C:\User\newmat10\newmatio.h" # include "C:\User\newmat10\newmatap.h" # include <iostream> # include <time.h> # include <ctime> # include <cstdlib> # include <iomanip> using namespace std; Matrix repeated_squaring(Matrix A, int exponent, int n) //Recursive function { A(n,n); IdentityMatrix I(n); if (exponent == 0) //Matrix raised to zero returns an Identity Matrix return I; else { if ( exponent%2 == 1 ) // if exponent is odd return (A * repeated_squaring (A*A, (exponent-1)/2, n)); else //if exponent is even return (A * repeated_squaring( A*A, exponent/2, n)); } } Matrix direct_squaring(Matrix B, int k, int no) //Brute Force Multiplication { B(no,no); Matrix C = B; for (int i = 1; i <= k; i++) C = B*C; return C; } //----Creating a matrix with elements b/w (-5,5)---- float unifRandom() { int a = -5; int b = 5; float temp = (float)((b-a)*( rand()/RAND_MAX) + a); return temp; } Matrix initialize_mat(Matrix H, int ord) { H(ord,ord); for (int y = 1; y <= ord; y++) for(int z = 1; z<= ord; z++) H(y,z) = unifRandom(); return(H); } //--------------------------------------------------- void main() { int exponent, dimension; cout<<"Insert exponent:"<<endl; cin>>exponent; cout<< "Insert dimension:"<<endl; cin>>dimension; cout<<"The number of rows/columns in the square matrix is: "<<dimension<<endl; cout<<"The exponent is: "<<exponent<<endl; Matrix A(dimension,dimension),B(dimension,dimension); Matrix C(dimension,dimension),D(dimension,dimension); B= initialize_mat(A,dimension); cout<<"Initial Matrix: "<<endl; cout<<setw(5)<<setprecision(2)<<B<<endl; //----------------------------------------------------------------------------- cout<<"Repeated Squaring Result: "<<endl; clock_t time_before1 = clock(); C = repeated_squaring (B, exponent , dimension); cout<< setw(5) <<setprecision(2) <<C; clock_t time_after1 = clock(); float diff1 = ((float) time_after1 - (float) time_before1); cout << "It took " << diff1/CLOCKS_PER_SEC << " seconds to complete" << endl<<endl; //--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- cout<<"Direct Squaring Result:"<<endl; clock_t time_before2 = clock(); D = direct_squaring (B, exponent , dimension); cout<<setw(5)<<setprecision(2)<<D; clock_t time_after2 = clock(); float diff2 = ((float) time_after2 - (float) time_before2); cout << "It took " << diff2/CLOCKS_PER_SEC << " seconds to complete" << endl<<endl; } I face the following problems: The random number generator returns only "-5" as each element in the output. The Matrix multiplication yield different results with brute force multiplication and using the repeated squaring algorithm. I'm timing the execution time of my code to compare the times taken by brute force multiplication and by repeated squaring. Could someone please find out what's wrong with the recursion and with the matrix initialization? NOTE: While compiling this program, make sure you've imported the NEWMAT library. Thanks in advance!

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• PHP Dynamic Count & Limit Menu items

  - by Adrian M.

  Hello, I want to modify this code which works pretty good but (or I don't know because I'm new with php) I can't limit the number of li's displayed for the main elements in the menu. The actual code will echo all elements it finds, I want to limit the times <li><a href='{$sLink}' {$sOnclick} target='_parent'>{$sPictureRep}{$sText}</a> this line is echoed.. let's say to echo just the first 15 elements + a "MORE" button under which to display the rest of the elements as sub-menus.. (this is a 2 level horizontal menu). Can someone please help me? I really tried a lot but I'm not an expert in PHP.. Thanks! <?php require_once( '../../../inc/header.inc.php' ); require_once( DIRECTORY_PATH_INC . 'membership_levels.inc.php' ); require_once( DIRECTORY_PATH_ROOT . "templates/tmpl_{$tmpl}/scripts/TemplMenu.php" ); class SimpleMenu extends TemplMenu { function getCode() { $this->iElementsCntInLine = 100; $this->getMenuInfo(); $this->genTopItems(); return $this->sCode; } function genTopItem($sText, $sLink, $sTarget, $sOnclick, $bActive, $iItemID, $isBold = false, $sPicture = '') { $sActiveStyle = ($bActive) ? ' id="tm_active"' : ''; if (!$bActive) { $sAlt= $sOnclick ? ( ' alt="' . $sOnclick . '"' ) : ''; $sTarget = $sTarget ? ( ' target="_parent"' ) : ''; } $sLink = (strpos($sLink, 'http://') === false && !strlen($sOnclick)) ? $this->sSiteUrl . $sLink : $sLink; $sSubMenu = $this->getAllSubMenus($iItemID); $sImgTabStyle = $sPictureRep = ''; if ($isBold && $sPicture != '') { $sPicturePath = getTemplateIcon($sPicture); $sPictureRep = "<img src='{$sPicturePath}' style='vertical-align:middle;width:16px;height:16px;' />"; $sText = '&nbsp;'; $sImgTabStyle = 'style="width:38px;"'; } $sMainSubs = ($sSubMenu=='') ? '' : " {$sSubMenu} </a>"; $this->sCode .= " <li><a href='{$sLink}' {$sOnclick} target='_parent'>{$sPictureRep}{$sText}</a> <div id='submenu'> <ul> <li>{$sMainSubs}</li> </ul> </div> </li> "; } } $objMenu = new SimpleMenu(); echo "<ul id='ddmenu'>"; echo $objMenu->getCode(); echo "</ul>"; ?>

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• How to add the coding for displaying the address when a particular set of latitude and longitude is

  - by KKC

  import com.google.android.maps.GeoPoint; import com.google.android.maps.MapActivity; import com.google.android.maps.MapController; import com.google.android.maps.MapView; import android.os.Bundle; import android.view.KeyEvent; import android.view.View; import android.widget.AdapterView; import android.widget.ArrayAdapter; import android.widget.Spinner; import android.widget.AdapterView.OnItemSelectedListener; public class PopularAttractions extends MapActivity { private String[ ][ ] locations = { {"Singapore Zoological Garden","1.40502,103.793449"}, {"Singapore Night Safari","1.4037,103.789467"}, {"Jurong BirdPark","1.32005,103.707153"}, {"Jurong Reptile Park","1.321177,103.708486"}, {"Singapore Botanic Garden","1.31471,103.815689"}, {"Sungei Buloh Wetland Reserver","1.445144,103.729595"}, {"Escape Theme Park","1.38104,103.936928"}, {"Snow City","1.32823,103.74263"}, {"Super Ice World","1.300422,103.875348"}, {"Chinatown Heritage Center","1.2836,103.84425"}, {"Singapore Science Center","1.3249,103.740578"}, {"Red Dot Design Museum","1.277762,103.846225"}, {"G-Max Reverse Bungy","1.2906,103.845322"}, {"NEWater Visitor Center","1.33105,103.955311"} }; private Spinner spinnerView; private MapView mapView; private MapController mc; /** Called when the activity is first created. */ @Override public void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.main); spinnerView = (Spinner) this.findViewById(R.id.spinner1); mapView = (MapView) findViewById(R.id.mapview1); mc = mapView.getController(); ArrayAdapter<CharSequence> adapter = new ArrayAdapter<CharSequence>(this, android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item); //--add the various locations--- for(int i = 0; i < locations.length; i++) adapter.add(locations[i][0]); adapter.setDropDownViewResource( android.R.layout.simple_spinner_dropdown_item); spinnerView.setAdapter(adapter); spinnerView.setOnItemSelectedListener(selectListener); gotoSelected(); } //---when user selects an item--- private OnItemSelectedListener selectListener = new OnItemSelectedListener() { //---these are two methods you need to implement--- public void onItemSelected( AdapterView<?>parent, View v, int position, long id) { gotoSelected(); } public void onNothingSelected(AdapterView<?> arg0) {} }; //---when an item has been selected--- public void gotoSelected() { int index = spinnerView.getSelectedItemPosition(); String[] coordinates = locations[index][1].split(","); double lat = Double.parseDouble(coordinates[0]); double lng = Double.parseDouble(coordinates[1]); GeoPoint location = new GeoPoint ( (int)(lat * 1E6), (int)(lng * 1E6)); mc.animateTo(location); mc.setZoom(16); if (mapView.isSatellite()) mapView.setSatellite(false); else mapView.setStreetView(true); mapView.invalidate(); } public boolean onKeyDown(int keyCode, KeyEvent event) { MapController mc = mapView.getController(); switch (keyCode) { case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_3: mc.zoomIn(); break; case KeyEvent.KEYCODE_1: mc.zoomOut(); break; } return super.onKeyDown(keyCode, event); } @Override protected boolean isRouteDisplayed(){ //TODO Auto-generated method sub return false; } }

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• Lazy loading of child throwing session error

  - by Thomas Buckley

  I'm the following error when calling purchaseService.updatePurchase(purchase) inside my TagController: SEVERE: Servlet.service() for servlet [PurchaseAPIServer] in context with path [/PurchaseAPIServer] threw exception [Request processing failed; nested exception is org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: com.app.model.Purchase.tags, no session or session was closed] with root cause org.hibernate.LazyInitializationException: failed to lazily initialize a collection of role: com.app.model.Purchase.tags, no session or session was closed at org.hibernate.collection.AbstractPersistentCollection.throwLazyInitializationException(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:383) at org.hibernate.collection.AbstractPersistentCollection.throwLazyInitializationExceptionIfNotConnected(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:375) at org.hibernate.collection.AbstractPersistentCollection.initialize(AbstractPersistentCollection.java:368) at org.hibernate.collection.PersistentSet.add(PersistentSet.java:212) at com.app.model.Purchase.addTags(Purchase.java:207) at com.app.controller.TagController.createAll(TagController.java:79) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke0(Native Method) at sun.reflect.NativeMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(NativeMethodAccessorImpl.java:39) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invoke(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:212) at org.springframework.web.method.support.InvocableHandlerMethod.invokeForRequest(InvocableHandlerMethod.java:126) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.invokeAndHandle(ServletInvocableHandlerMethod.java:96) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:617) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.annotation.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.handleInternal(RequestMappingHandlerAdapter.java:578) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.method.AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.handle(AbstractHandlerMethodAdapter.java:80) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:900) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:827) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:882) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doPost(FrameworkServlet.java:789) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:641) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:722) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:305) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:210) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:225) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:169) at org.apache.catalina.authenticator.AuthenticatorBase.invoke(AuthenticatorBase.java:472) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:168) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:98) at org.apache.catalina.valves.AccessLogValve.invoke(AccessLogValve.java:927) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:118) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:407) at org.apache.coyote.http11.AbstractHttp11Processor.process(AbstractHttp11Processor.java:999) at org.apache.coyote.AbstractProtocol$AbstractConnectionHandler.process(AbstractProtocol.java:565) at org.apache.tomcat.util.net.JIoEndpoint$SocketProcessor.run(JIoEndpoint.java:309) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.runTask(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:886) at java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor$Worker.run(ThreadPoolExecutor.java:908) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662) TagController: @RequestMapping(value = "purchases/{purchaseId}/tags", method = RequestMethod.POST, params = "manyTags") @ResponseStatus(HttpStatus.CREATED) public void createAll(@PathVariable("purchaseId") final Long purchaseId, @RequestBody final Tag[] entities) { Purchase purchase = purchaseService.getById(purchaseId); Set<Tag> tags = new HashSet<Tag>(Arrays.asList(entities)); purchase.addTags(tags); purchaseService.updatePurchase(purchase); } Purchase: @Entity @XmlRootElement public class Purchase implements Serializable { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 6603477834338392140L; @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) private Long id; @OneToMany(mappedBy = "purchase", fetch = FetchType.LAZY, cascade={CascadeType.ALL}) private Set<Tag> tags; @JsonIgnore public Set<Tag> getTags() { if (tags == null) { tags = new LinkedHashSet<Tag>(); } return tags; } public void setTags(Set<Tag> tags) { this.tags = tags; } ... } Tag: @Entity @XmlRootElement public class Tag implements Serializable { /** * */ private static final long serialVersionUID = 5165922776051697002L; @Id @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.AUTO) private Long id; @ManyToOne(fetch = FetchType.LAZY) @JoinColumns({@JoinColumn(name = "PURCHASEID", referencedColumnName = "ID")}) private Purchase purchase; @JsonIgnore public Purchase getPurchase() { return purchase; } public void setPurchase(Purchase purchase) { this.purchase = purchase; } } PurchaseService: @Service public class PurchaseService implements IPurchaseService { @Autowired private IPurchaseDAO purchaseDAO; public PurchaseService() { } @Transactional public List<Purchase> getAll() { return purchaseDAO.findAll(); } @Transactional public Purchase getById(Long id) { return purchaseDAO.findOne(id); } @Transactional public void addPurchase(Purchase purchase) { purchaseDAO.save(purchase); } @Transactional public void updatePurchase(Purchase purchase) { purchaseDAO.update(purchase); } } TagService: @Service public class TagService implements ITagService { @Autowired private ITagDAO tagDAO; public TagService() { } @Transactional public List<Tag> getAll() { return tagDAO.findAll(); } @Transactional public Tag getById(Long id) { return tagDAO.findOne(id); } @Transactional public void addTag(Tag tag) { tagDAO.save(tag); } @Transactional public void updateTag(Tag tag) { tagDAO.update(tag); } } Any ideas on how I can fix this? (I want to avoid using EAGER loading). Do I need to setup some form of session management for transactions? Thanks

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• Windows NT Service shutdown issues

  - by Jeremiah Gowdy

  I have developed middleware that provides RPC functionality to multiple client applications on multiple platforms within our organization. The middleware is written in C# and runs as a Windows NT Service. It handles things like file access to network shares, database access, etc. The middleware is hosted on two high end systems running Windows Server 2008 R2. When one of our server administrators goes to reboot the machine, primarily to do Windows Updates, there are serious problems with how the system behaves in regards to my NT Service. My service is designed to immediately stop listening for new connections, immediately start refusing new requests on existing connections, and otherwise shut down as rapidly as possible in the case of an OnStop or OnShutdown request from the SCM. Still, to maintain system integrity, operations that are currently in progress are allowed to continue for a reasonable time. Usually the server shuts down inside of 30 seconds (when the service is manually stopped for example). However, when the system is instructed to restart, my service immediately loses access to network drives and UNC paths, causing data integrity problems for any open files and partial writes to those locations. My service does list Workstation (and thus SMB Redirector) as a dependency, so I would think that my service would need to be stopped prior to Workstation/Redirector being stopped if Windows were honoring those dependencies. Basically, my application is forced to crash and burn, failing remote procedure calls and eventually being forced to terminate by the operating system after a timeout period has elapsed (seems to be on the order of 20-30 seconds). Unlike a Windows application, my Windows NT Service doesn't seem to have any power to stop a system shutdown in progress, delay the system shutdown, or even just the opportunity to save out any pending network share disk writes before being forcibly disconnected and shutdown. How is an NT Service developer supposed to have any kind of application integrity in this environment? Why is it that Forms Applications get all of the opportunity to finish their business prior to shutdown, while services seem to get no such benefits? I have tried: Calling SetProcessShutdownParameters via p/invoke to try to notify my application of the shutdown sooner to avoid Redirector shutting down before I do. Calling ServiceBase.RequestAdditionalTime with a value less than or equal to the two minute limit. Tweaking the WaitToKillServiceTimeout Everything I can think of to make my service shutdown faster. But in the end, I still get ~30 seconds of problematic time in which my service doesn't even seem to have been notified of an OnShutdown event yet, but requests are failing due to redirector no longer servicing my network share requests. How is this issue meant to be resolved? What can I do to delay or stop the shutdown, or at least be allowed to shut down my active tasks without Redirector services disappearing out from under me? I can understand what Microsoft is trying to do to prevent services from dragging their feet and showing shutdowns, but that seems like a great goal for Windows client operating systems, not for servers. I don't want my servers to shutdown fast, I want operational integrity and graceful shutdowns. Thanks in advance for any help you can provide. PS in regards to writing my own middleware, this is for a telephony application with sub-second "soft-realtime" response time requirements. It does make sense, and it's not a point I'm looking to debate. :)

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• Need some help deciphering a line of assembler code, from .NET JITted code

  - by Lasse V. Karlsen

  In a C# constructor, that ends up with a call to this(...), the actual call gets translated to this: 0000003d call dword ptr ds:[199B88E8h] What is the DS register contents here? I know it's the data-segment, but is this call through a VMT-table or similar? I doubt it though, since this(...) wouldn't be a call to a virtual method, just another constructor. I ask because the value at that location seems to be bad in some way, if I hit F11, trace into (Visual Studio 2008), on that call-instruction, the program crashes with an access violation. The code is deep inside a 3rd party control library, where, though I have the source code, I don't have the assemblies compiled with enough debug information that I can trace it through C# code, only through the disassembler, and then I have to match that back to the actual code. The C# code in question is this: public AxisRangeData(AxisRange range) : this(range, range.Axis) { } Reflector shows me this IL code: .maxstack 8 L_0000: ldarg.0 L_0001: ldarg.1 L_0002: ldarg.1 L_0003: callvirt instance class DevExpress.XtraCharts.AxisBase DevExpress.XtraCharts.AxisRange::get_Axis() L_0008: call instance void DevExpress.XtraCharts.Native.AxisRangeData::.ctor(class DevExpress.XtraCharts.ChartElement, class DevExpress.XtraCharts.AxisBase) L_000d: ret It's that last call there, to the other constructor of the same class, that fails. The debugger never surfaces inside the other method, it just crashes. The disassembly for the method after JITting is this: 00000000 push ebp 00000001 mov ebp,esp 00000003 sub esp,14h 00000006 mov dword ptr [ebp-4],ecx 00000009 mov dword ptr [ebp-8],edx 0000000c cmp dword ptr ds:[18890E24h],0 00000013 je 0000001A 00000015 call 61843511 0000001a mov eax,dword ptr [ebp-4] 0000001d mov dword ptr [ebp-0Ch],eax 00000020 mov eax,dword ptr [ebp-8] 00000023 mov dword ptr [ebp-10h],eax 00000026 mov ecx,dword ptr [ebp-8] 00000029 cmp dword ptr [ecx],ecx 0000002b call dword ptr ds:[1889D0DCh] // range.Axis 00000031 mov dword ptr [ebp-14h],eax 00000034 push dword ptr [ebp-14h] 00000037 mov edx,dword ptr [ebp-10h] 0000003a mov ecx,dword ptr [ebp-0Ch] 0000003d call dword ptr ds:[199B88E8h] // this(range, range.Axis)? 00000043 nop 00000044 mov esp,ebp 00000046 pop ebp 00000047 ret Basically what I'm asking is this: What the purpose of the ds:[ADDR] indirection here? VMT-table is only for virtual isn't it? and this is constructor Could the constructor have yet to be JITted, which could mean that the call would actually call through a JIT shim? I'm afraid I'm in deep water here, so anything might and could help. Edit: Well, the problem just got worse, or better, or whatever. We are developing the .NET feature in a C# project in a Visual Studio 2008 solution, and debugging and developing through Visual Studio. However, in the end, this code will be loaded into a .NET runtime hosted by a Win32 Delphi application. In order to facilitate easy experimentation of such features, we can also configure the Visual Studio project/solution/debugger to copy the produced dll's to the Delphi app's directory, and then execute the Delphi app, through the Visual Studio debugger. Turns out, the problem goes away if I run the program outside of the debugger, but during debugging, it crops up, every time. Not sure that helps, but since the code isn't slated for production release for another 6 months or so, then it takes some of the pressure off of it for the test release that we have soon. I'll dive into the memory parts later, but probably not until over the weekend, and post a followup.

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• Bypass cache for mobile user agents, VARNISH+NGINX+W3CACHE

  - by Mike McGhee

  Right now I'm running Wordpress w/ W3 Cache on nginx with varnish front end. I'm trying to use the WP Touch Pro plugin for wordpress to display mobile sites, but it is not working. Shows the desktop theme still. I've put the mobile user agents in the rejected user agents box in w3 cache. Here is the nginx config w3 cache spit out: BEGIN W3TC Page Cache cache location ~ /wp-content/w3tc/pgcache.*html$ { expires modified 3600s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.4"; add_header Vary "Accept-Encoding, Cookie"; } location ~ /wp-content/w3tc/pgcache.*gzip$ { gzip off; types {} default_type text/html; expires modified 3600s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.4"; add_header Vary "Accept-Encoding, Cookie"; add_header Content-Encoding gzip; } # END W3TC Page Cache cache # BEGIN W3TC Browser Cache gzip on; gzip_types text/css application/x-javascript text/x-component text/richtext image/svg+xml text/plain text/xsd text/xsl text/xml image/x-icon; location ~ \.(css|js|htc)$ { expires 31536000s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.4"; } location ~ \.(html|htm|rtf|rtx|svg|svgz|txt|xsd|xsl|xml)$ { expires 3600s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.4"; } location ~ \.(asf|asx|wax|wmv|wmx|avi|bmp|class|divx|doc|docx|eot|exe|gif|gz|gzip|ico|jpg|jpeg|jpe|mdb|mid|midi|mov|qt|mp3|m4a|mp4|m4v|mpeg|mpg|mpe|mpp|otf|odb|odc|odf|odg|odp|ods|odt|ogg|pdf|png|pot|pps|ppt|pptx|ra|ram|svg|svgz|swf|tar|tif|tiff|ttf|ttc|wav|wma|wri|xla|xls|xlsx|xlt|xlw|zip)$ { expires 31536000s; add_header X-Powered-By "W3 Total Cache/0.9.2.4"; } # END W3TC Browser Cache # BEGIN W3TC Minify core rewrite ^/wp-content/w3tc/min/w3tc_rewrite_test$ /wp-content/w3tc/min/index.php?w3tc_rewrite_test=1 last; rewrite ^/wp-content/w3tc/min/(.+\.(css|js))$ /wp-content/w3tc/min/index.php?file=$1 last; # END W3TC Minify core # BEGIN W3TC Page Cache core rewrite ^(.*\/)?w3tc_rewrite_test$ $1?w3tc_rewrite_test=1 last; set $w3tc_rewrite 1; if ($request_method = POST) { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } if ($query_string != "") { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } if ($http_host != "mysite.com") { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } set $w3tc_rewrite2 1; if ($request_uri !~ \/$) { set $w3tc_rewrite2 0; } if ($request_uri ~* "(sitemap(_index)?\.xml(\.gz)?|[a-z0-9_\-]+-sitemap([0-9]+)?\.xml(\.gz)?)") { set $w3tc_rewrite2 1; } if ($w3tc_rewrite2 != 1) { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } set $w3tc_rewrite3 1; if ($request_uri ~* "(\/wp-admin\/|\/xmlrpc.php|\/wp-(app|cron|login|register|mail)\.php|\/feed\/|wp-.*\.php|index\.php)") { set $w3tc_rewrite3 0; } if ($request_uri ~* "(wp\-comments\-popup\.php|wp\-links\-opml\.php|wp\-locations\.php)") { set $w3tc_rewrite3 1; } if ($w3tc_rewrite3 != 1) { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } if ($http_cookie ~* "(comment_author|wp\-postpass|wordpress_\[a\-f0\-9\]\+|wordpress_logged_in)") { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } if ($http_user_agent ~* "(W3\ Total\ Cache/0\.9\.2\.4|iphone|ipod|ipad|aspen|incognito|webmate|android|dream|cupcake|froyo|blackberry9500|blackberry9520|blackberry9530|blackberry9550|blackberry\ 9800|blackberry\ 9780|webos|s8000|bada)") { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } set $w3tc_ua ""; if ($http_user_agent ~* "(acer\ s100|android|archos5|blackberry9500|blackberry9530|blackberry9550|blackberry\ 9800|cupcake|docomo\ ht\-03a|dream|htc\ hero|htc\ magic|htc_dream|htc_magic|incognito|ipad|iphone|ipod|kindle|lg\-gw620|liquid\ build|maemo|mot\-mb200|mot\-mb300|nexus\ one|opera\ mini|samsung\-s8000|series60.*webkit|series60/5\.0|sonyericssone10|sonyericssonu20|sonyericssonx10|t\-mobile\ mytouch\ 3g|t\-mobile\ opal|tattoo|webmate|webos)") { set $w3tc_ua _high; } set $w3tc_ref ""; set $w3tc_ssl ""; set $w3tc_enc ""; if ($http_accept_encoding ~ gzip) { set $w3tc_enc _gzip; } set $w3tc_ext ""; if (-f "$document_root/wp-content/w3tc/pgcache/$request_uri/_index$w3tc_ua$w3tc_ref$w3tc_ssl.html$w3tc_enc") { set $w3tc_ext .html; } if ($w3tc_ext = "") { set $w3tc_rewrite 0; } if ($w3tc_rewrite = 1) { rewrite .* "/wp- content/w3tc/pgcache/$request_uri/_index$w3tc_ua$w3tc_ref$w3tc_ssl$w3tc_ext$w3tc_enc" last; } # END W3TC Page Cache core And here is what I have in my varnish vcl.. sub vcl_recv { # Add a unique header containing the client address remove req.http.X-Forwarded-For; set req.http.X-Forwarded-For = client.ip; # Device detection set req.http.X-Device = "desktop"; if ( req.http.User-Agent ~ "iP(hone|od|ad)" || req.http.User-Agent ~ "Android" ) { set req.http.X-Device = "smart"; } elseif ( req.http.User-Agent ~ "(SymbianOS|BlackBerry|SonyEricsson|Nokia|SAMSUNG|^LG)" ) { set req.http.X-Device = "cell"; } Any help is greatly appreciated, I've been banging my head against this for 2 days..

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• Have suggestions for these assembly mnemonics?

  - by Noctis Skytower

  Greetings! Last semester in college, my teacher in the Computer Languages class taught us the esoteric language named Whitespace. In the interest of learning the language better with a very busy schedule (midterms), I wrote an interpreter and assembler in Python. An assembly language was designed to facilitate writing programs easily, and a sample program was written with the given assembly mnemonics. Now that it is summer, a new project has begun with the objective being to rewrite the interpreter and assembler for Whitespace 0.3, with further developments coming afterwards. Since there is so much extra time than before to work on its design, you are presented here with an outline that provides a revised set of mnemonics for the assembly language. This post is marked as a wiki for their discussion. Have you ever had any experience with assembly languages in the past? Were there some instructions that you thought should have been renamed to something different? Did you find yourself thinking outside the box and with a different paradigm than in which the mnemonics were named? If you can answer yes to any of those questions, you are most welcome here. Subjective answers are appreciated! Stack Manipulation (IMP: [Space]) Stack manipulation is one of the more common operations, hence the shortness of the IMP [Space]. There are four stack instructions. hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item Arithmetic (IMP: [Tab][Space]) Arithmetic commands operate on the top two items on the stack, and replace them with the result of the operation. The first item pushed is considered to be left of the operator. add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo Heap Access (IMP: [Tab][Tab]) Heap access commands look at the stack to find the address of items to be stored or retrieved. To store an item, push the address then the value and run the store command. To retrieve an item, push the address and run the retrieve command, which will place the value stored in the location at the top of the stack. save Store load Retrieve Flow Control (IMP: [LF]) Flow control operations are also common. Subroutines are marked by labels, as well as the targets of conditional and unconditional jumps, by which loops can be implemented. Programs must be ended by means of [LF][LF][LF] so that the interpreter can exit cleanly. L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller halt End the program I/O (IMP: [Tab][LF]) Finally, we need to be able to interact with the user. There are IO instructions for reading and writing numbers and individual characters. With these, string manipulation routines can be written. The read instructions take the heap address in which to store the result from the top of the stack. print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack Question: How would you redesign, rewrite, or rename the previous mnemonics and for what reasons?

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• Django: TypeError: 'str' object is not callable, referer: http://xxx

  - by user705415

  I've been wondering why when I set the settings.py of my django project 'arvindemo' debug = Flase and deploy it on Apache with mod_wsgi, I got the 500 Internal Server Error. Env: Django 1.4.0 Python 2.7.2 mod_wsgi 2.8 OS centOS Here is the recap: Visit the homepage, go to sub page A/B/C/D, and fill some forms, then submit it to the Apache server. Once click 'submit' button, I will get the '500 Internal Server Error', and the error_log listed below(Traceback): [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] Traceback (most recent call last): [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] File "/opt/python2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/wsgi.py", line 241, in __call__ [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] response = self.get_response(request) [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] File "/opt/python2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 179, in get_response [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] response = self.handle_uncaught_exception(request, resolver, sys.exc_info()) [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] File "/opt/python2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/handlers/base.py", line 224, in handle_uncaught_exception [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] if resolver.urlconf_module is None: [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] File "/opt/python2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/core/urlresolvers.py", line 323, in urlconf_module [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] self._urlconf_module = import_module(self.urlconf_name) [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] File "/opt/python2.7/lib/python2.7/site-packages/django/utils/importlib.py", line 35, in import_module [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] __import__(name) [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] File "/opt/web/django/arvindemo/arvindemo/../arvindemo/urls.py", line 23, in <module> [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] url(r'^submitPage$', name=submitPage), [Tue Apr 10 10:07:20 2012] [error] [client 122.198.133.250] TypeError: url() takes at least 2 arguments (2 given) When using django runserver, I set arvindemo.settings debug = True, everything is OK. But things changed once I set debug = Flase. Here is my views.py from django.http import HttpResponseRedirect from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseServerError from django.shortcuts import render_to_response import datetime, string from user_info.models import * from django.template import Context, loader, RequestContext import settings def hello(request): return HttpResponse("hello girl") def helpPage(request): return render_to_response('kktHelp.html') def server_error(request, template_name='500.html'): return render_to_response(template_name, context_instance = RequestContext(request) ) def page404(request): return render_to_response('404.html') def submitPage(request): post = request.POST Mall = 'goodsName' Contest = 'ojs' Presentation = 'addr' WeatherReport = 'city' Habit = 'task' if Mall in post: return submitMall(request) elif Contest in post: return submitContest(request) elif Presentation in post: return submitPresentation(request) elif Habit in post: return submitHabit(request) elif WeatherReport in post: return submitWeather(request) else: return HttpResponse(request.POST) return HttpResponseRedirect('404') def submitXXX(): ..... def xxxx(): .... Here comes the urls.py from django.conf.urls import patterns, include, url from views import * from django.conf import settings handler500 = 'server_error' urlpatterns = patterns('', url(r'^hello/$', hello), # hello world url(r'^$', homePage), url(r'^time/$', getTime), url(r'^time/plus/(\d{1,2})/$', hoursAhead), url(r'^Ttime/$', templateGetTime), url(r'^Mall$', templateMall), url(r'^Contest$', templateContest), url(r'^Presentation$', templatePresentation), url(r'^Habit$', templateHabit), url(r'^Weather$', templateWeather), url(r'^Help$', helpPage), url(r'^404$', page404), url(r'^500$', server_error), url(r'^submitPage$', submitPage), url(r'^submitMall$', submitMall), url(r'^submitContest$', submitContest), url(r'^submitPresentation$', submitPresentation), url(r'^submitHabit$', submitHabit), url(r'^submitWeather$', submitWeather), url(r'^terms$', terms), url(r'^privacy$', privacy), url(r'^thanks$', thanks), url(r'^about$', about), url(r'^static/(?P<path>.*)$','django.views.static.serve',{'document_root':settings.STATICFILES_DIRS}), ) I'm sure there is no syntax error in my django project,cause when I use django runserver, everything is fine. Anyone can help ? Best regards

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• Why are my hard drives failing?

  - by WishCow

  I have a small Ubuntu server running at home, with 2 HDDs. There are two software raids (raid1) on the disks, managed by mdadm, which I believe is irrelevant, but mentioning it anyway. Both of the HDDs are Western Digital, and have been used for around 2 years, when one of them started making clicking noises, and died. I figured that maybe it's natural after 2 years, so I bought a new one, and resynced the raid arrays. After about a month, the other drive also died. I didn't get suspicious, since both drives have been bought at the same time, it's not that surprising to see both of them near each other, so I bought another one. So far, 2 old drives failed, and 2 brand new in the system. After one month, one of the new drives died. This is when it started getting suspicious. Since the PC was put together from some really old parts (think AthlonXP), I figured that maybe the motherboard's SATA controller is the culprit. Of course you can't switch parts easily in an old PC like this, so I bought a whole system, new MB, new CPU, new RAM. Took the just failed drive back, since it was under warranty, and got it replaced. So it is up to 2 failed drives from the old ones, and 1 failed drive from the new ones. No problems, for 1 month. After that errors were creeping up again in /var/log/messages, and mdadm was reporting raid array failures. I started tearing my hair out. Everything is new in the system, it's up to the third brand new HDD, it's simply not possible that all of the new drives that I bought were faulty. Let's see what is still common... the cables. Okay, long shot, let's replace the SATA cables. Take HDD back, smile to the guy at the counter and say that I'm really unlucky. He replaces the HDD. I come home, one month passes and one of HDDs fails, again. I'm not joking. Two of the brand new HDDs have failed. Maybe it's a bug in the OS. Let's see what the manufacturer's testing tool says. Download testing tool, burn it to a CD, reboot, leave HDD testing overnight. Test says that the drive is faulty, and I should back up everything, if I still can. I don't know what's happening, but it does not look like a software problem, something is definitely thrashing the HDDs. I should mention now, that the whole system is in a shoebox. Since there are a load of "build your own ikea case" stuff, I thought there shouldn't be any problems throwing the thing in a box, and stuffing it away somewhere. The box is well ventilated, but I thought that just maybe the drives were overheating. There is no other possible answer to this. So I took the HDD back, and got it replaced (for the 3rd time), and bought HDD coolers. And just now, I have heard the sound of doom. click click whizzzzzzzzz. SSH into the box: You have new mail! mail r 1 DegradedArrayEvent on /dev/md0 ... dmesg output: [47128.000051] ata3: lost interrupt (Status 0x50) [47128.000097] end_request: I/O error, dev sda, sector 58588863 [47128.000134] md: super_written gets error=-5, uptodate=0 [48043.976054] ata3: lost interrupt (Status 0x50) [48043.976086] ata3.00: exception Emask 0x0 SAct 0x0 SErr 0x0 action 0x6 frozen [48043.976132] ata3.00: cmd c8/00:18:bf:40:52/00:00:00:00:00/e1 tag 0 dma 12288 in [48043.976135] res 40/00:00:00:4f:c2/00:00:00:00:00/00 Emask 0x4 (timeout) [48043.976208] ata3.00: status: { DRDY } [48043.976241] ata3: soft resetting link [48044.148446] ata3.00: configured for UDMA/133 [48044.148457] ata3.00: device reported invalid CHS sector 0 [48044.148477] ata3: EH complete Recap: No possibility of overheating 6 drives have failed, 4 of those have been brand new. I'm not sure now that the original two have been faulty, or suffered the same thing that the new ones. There is nothing common in the system, apart from the OS which is Ubuntu Karmic now (started with Jaunty). New MB, new CPU, new RAM, new SATA cables. No, the little holes on the HDD are not covered I'm crying. Really. I don't have the face to return to the store now, it's not possible for 4 drives to fail under 4 months. A few ideas that I have been thinking: Is it possible that I fuck up something when I partition and resync the drives? Can it be so bad that it physicaly wrecks the drive? (since the vendor supplied tool says that the drive is damaged) I do the partitoning with fdisk, and use the same block size for the raid1 partitions (I check the exact block sizes with fdisk -lu) Is it possible that the linux kernel or mdadm, or something is not compatible with this exact brand of HDDs, and thrashes them? Is it possible that it may be the shoebox? Try placing it somewhere else? It's under a shelf now, so humidity is not a problem either. Is it possible that a normal PC case will solve my problem (I'm going to shoot myself then)? I will get a picture tomorrow. Am I just simply cursed? Any help or speculation is greatly appreciated. Edit: The power strip is guarded against overvoltage. Edit2: I have moved inbetween these 4 months, so the possibility of the cause being "dirty" electricity in both places, is very low. Edit3: I have checked the voltages in the BIOS (couldn't borrow a multimeter), and they are all seem correct, the biggest discrepancy is in the 12V, because it's supplying 11.3. Should I be worried about that? Edit4: I put my desktop PC's PSU into the server. The BIOS reported much more accurate voltage readings, and also it has successfully rebuilt the raid1 array, which took some 3-4 hours, so I feel a little positive now. Will get a new PSU tomorrow to test with that. Also, attaching the picture about the box: (disregard the 3rd drive)

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• Are there any suggestions for these new assembly mnemonics?

  - by Noctis Skytower

  Greetings! Last semester in college, my teacher in the Computer Languages class taught us the esoteric language named Whitespace. In the interest of learning the language better with a very busy schedule (midterms), I wrote an interpreter and assembler in Python. An assembly language was designed to facilitate writing programs easily, and a sample program was written with the given assembly mnemonics. Now that it is summer, a new project has begun with the objective being to rewrite the interpreter and assembler for Whitespace 0.3, with further developments coming afterwards. Since there is so much extra time than before to work on its design, you are presented here with an outline that provides a revised set of mnemonics for the assembly language. This post is marked as a wiki for their discussion. Have you ever had any experience with assembly languages in the past? Were there some instructions that you thought should have been renamed to something different? Did you find yourself thinking outside the box and with a different paradigm than in which the mnemonics were named? If you can answer yes to any of those questions, you are most welcome here. Subjective answers are appreciated! Stack Manipulation (IMP: [Space]) Stack manipulation is one of the more common operations, hence the shortness of the IMP [Space]. There are four stack instructions. hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item Arithmetic (IMP: [Tab][Space]) Arithmetic commands operate on the top two items on the stack, and replace them with the result of the operation. The first item pushed is considered to be left of the operator. add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo Heap Access (IMP: [Tab][Tab]) Heap access commands look at the stack to find the address of items to be stored or retrieved. To store an item, push the address then the value and run the store command. To retrieve an item, push the address and run the retrieve command, which will place the value stored in the location at the top of the stack. save Store load Retrieve Flow Control (IMP: [LF]) Flow control operations are also common. Subroutines are marked by labels, as well as the targets of conditional and unconditional jumps, by which loops can be implemented. Programs must be ended by means of [LF][LF][LF] so that the interpreter can exit cleanly. L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller halt End the program I/O (IMP: [Tab][LF]) Finally, we need to be able to interact with the user. There are IO instructions for reading and writing numbers and individual characters. With these, string manipulation routines can be written. The read instructions take the heap address in which to store the result from the top of the stack. print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack Question: How would you redesign, rewrite, or rename the previous mnemonics and for what reasons?

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• Problem upgrading kernel on debian 3.1

  - by exhuma

  Hi, I have a quite old box in a remote server farm. So I have no direct access. Only remote SSH (and via SSH to a serial console). I haven't updated this box in ages. Now, whenever I want to install a new package, a dependency to glibc appears. Unfortunately, the install of glibc depends on a 2.6 kernel and I am running a venerable 2.4 kernel (one more reason to upgrade). The problem is, that the install of a new kernel has an indirect (over locales) dependency to glibc. So, to install glibc, I need a new kernel. For a new kernel, I need to upgrade glibc. Essentially I am blocked. What's the best way to proceed considering I have no "hardware" access? Here's a quick transcript of the upgrade process: [green:~]% sudo aptitude install linux-image-686 Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree Reading extended state information Initializing package states... Done Reading task descriptions... Done The following packages are unused and will be REMOVED: gcc-4.3-base The following NEW packages will be automatically installed: dash libc6-i686 libparse-recdescent-perl linux-image-2.6-686 linux-image-2.6.18-6-686 module-init-tools yaird The following packages have been kept back: adduser apache2 apache2-mpm-prefork apache2-utils apache2.2-common apt apt-utils aptitude autoconf autotools-dev awstats base-files base-passwd [...snip...] util-linux vacation vim vim-common wamerican wbritish wget whiptail whois wwwconfig-common zlib1g The following NEW packages will be installed: dash libc6-i686 libparse-recdescent-perl linux-image-2.6-686 linux-image-2.6.18-6-686 linux-image-686 module-init-tools yaird The following packages will be upgraded: hotplug libc6 2 packages upgraded, 8 newly installed, 1 to remove and 277 not upgraded. Need to get 0B/22.7MB of archives. After unpacking 52.1MB will be used. Do you want to continue? [Y/n/?] Writing extended state information... Done Preconfiguring packages ... (Reading database ... 34065 files and directories currently installed.) Preparing to replace libc6 2.3.6.ds1-13 (using .../libc6_2.7-18lenny2_i386.deb) ... Checking for services that may need to be restarted... Checking init scripts... WARNING: init script for postgresql not found. [ --- libc6 config screen appears here --- ] WARNING: POSIX threads library NPTL requires kernel version 2.6.8 or later. If you use a kernel 2.4, please upgrade it before installing glibc. The installation of a 2.6 kernel _could_ ask you to install a new libc first, this is NOT a bug, and should *NOT* be reported. In that case, please add etch sources to your /etc/apt/sources.list and run: apt-get install -t etch linux-image-2.6 Then reboot into this new kernel, and proceed with your upgrade dpkg: error processing /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.7-18lenny2_i386.deb (--unpack): subprocess pre-installation script returned error exit status 1 Errors were encountered while processing: /var/cache/apt/archives/libc6_2.7-18lenny2_i386.deb E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1) Ack! Something bad happened while installing packages. Trying to recover: dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of locales: locales depends on glibc-2.7-1; however: Package glibc-2.7-1 is not installed. dpkg: error processing locales (--configure): dependency problems - leaving unconfigured Errors were encountered while processing: locales Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree Reading extended state information Initializing package states... Done Reading task descriptions... Done Now, if I follow the instrunctions as promted I get the following. Note that I am using aptitude instead of apt-get to benefit from the better dependency tracking. I did try with apt-get first. But that let me to the same problem. [green:~]% sudo aptitude install -t etch linux-image-2.6.26-2-686 Reading Package Lists... Done Building Dependency Tree Reading extended state information Initializing package states... Done Reading task descriptions... Done E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages. E: Unable to correct dependencies, some packages cannot be installed E: Unable to resolve some dependencies! Some packages had unmet dependencies. This may mean that you have requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable distribution that some required packages have not yet been created or been moved out of Incoming. The following packages have unmet dependencies: linux-image-2.6.26-2-686: Depends: initramfs-tools (>= 0.55) but it is not installable or yaird (>= 0.0.13) but it is not installable or linux-initramfs-tool which is a virtual package. Any ideas?

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• Are their any suggestions for this new assembly language?

  - by Noctis Skytower

  Greetings! Last semester in college, my teacher in the Computer Languages class taught us the esoteric language named Whitespace. In the interest of learning the language better with a very busy schedule (midterms), I wrote an interpreter and assembler in Python. An assembly language was designed to facilitate writing programs easily, and a sample program was written with the given assembly mnemonics. Now that it is summer, a new project has begun with the objective being to rewrite the interpreter and assembler for Whitespace 0.3, with further developments coming afterwards. Since there is so much extra time than before to work on its design, you are presented here with an outline that provides a revised set of mnemonics for the assembly language. This post is marked as a wiki for their discussion. Have you ever had any experience with assembly languages in the past? Were there some instructions that you thought should have been renamed to something different? Did you find yourself thinking outside the box and with a different paradigm than in which the mnemonics were named? If you can answer yes to any of those questions, you are most welcome here. Subjective answers are appreciated! Stack Manipulation (IMP: [Space]) Stack manipulation is one of the more common operations, hence the shortness of the IMP [Space]. There are four stack instructions. hold N Push the number onto the stack copy Duplicate the top item on the stack copy N Copy the nth item on the stack (given by the argument) onto the top of the stack swap Swap the top two items on the stack drop Discard the top item on the stack drop N Slide n items off the stack, keeping the top item Arithmetic (IMP: [Tab][Space]) Arithmetic commands operate on the top two items on the stack, and replace them with the result of the operation. The first item pushed is considered to be left of the operator. add Addition sub Subtraction mul Multiplication div Integer Division mod Modulo Heap Access (IMP: [Tab][Tab]) Heap access commands look at the stack to find the address of items to be stored or retrieved. To store an item, push the address then the value and run the store command. To retrieve an item, push the address and run the retrieve command, which will place the value stored in the location at the top of the stack. save Store load Retrieve Flow Control (IMP: [LF]) Flow control operations are also common. Subroutines are marked by labels, as well as the targets of conditional and unconditional jumps, by which loops can be implemented. Programs must be ended by means of [LF][LF][LF] so that the interpreter can exit cleanly. L: Mark a location in the program call L Call a subroutine goto L Jump unconditionally to a label if=0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is zero if<0 L Jump to a label if the top of the stack is negative return End a subroutine and transfer control back to the caller exit End the program I/O (IMP: [Tab][LF]) Finally, we need to be able to interact with the user. There are IO instructions for reading and writing numbers and individual characters. With these, string manipulation routines can be written. The read instructions take the heap address in which to store the result from the top of the stack. print chr Output the character at the top of the stack print int Output the number at the top of the stack input chr Read a character and place it in the location given by the top of the stack input int Read a number and place it in the location given by the top of the stack Question: How would you redesign, rewrite, or rename the previous mnemonics and for what reasons?

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• Adding to database with multiple text boxes

  - by kira423

  What I am trying to do with this script is allow users to update a url for their websites, and since each user isn't going to have the same amount of websites is is hard for me to just add $_POST['website'] for each of these. Here is the script <?php include("config.php"); include("header.php"); include("functions.php"); if(!isset($_SESSION['username']) && !isset($_SESSION['password'])){ header("Location: pubs.php"); } $getmember = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM `publishers` WHERE username = '".$_SESSION['username']."'"); $info = mysql_fetch_array($getmember); $getsites = mysql_query("SELECT * FROM `websites` WHERE publisher = '".$info['username']."'"); $postback = $_POST['website']; $webname = $_POST['webid']; if($_POST['submit']){ var_dump( $_POST['website'] ); $update = mysql_query("UPDATE `websites` SET `postback` = '$postback' WHERE name = '$webname'"); } print" <div id='center'> <span id='tools_lander'><a href='export.php'>Export Campaigns</a></span> <div id='calendar_holder'> <h3>Please define a postback for each of your websites below. The following variables should be used when creating your postback.<br /> cid = Campaign ID<br /> sid = Sub ID<br /> rate = Campaign Rate<br /> status = Status of Lead. 1 means payable 2 mean reversed<br /> A sample postback URL would be <br /> http://www.example.com/postback.php?cid=#cid&sid=#sid&rate=#rate&status=#status</h3> <table class='balances' align='center'> <form method='POST' action=''>"; while($website = mysql_fetch_array($getsites)){ print" <tr> <input type ='hidden' name='webid' value='".$website['id']."' /> <td style='font-weight:bold;'>".$website['name']."'s Postback:</td> <td><input type='text' style='width:400px;' name='website[]' value='".$website['postback']."' /></td> </tr>"; } print" <td style='float:right;position:relative;left:150px;'><input type='submit' name='submit' style='font-size:15px;height:30px;width:100px;' value='Submit' /></td> </form> </table> </div>"; include("footer.php"); ?> What I am attempting to do insert the what is inputted in the text boxes to their corresponding websites, and I cannot think of any other way to do it, and this obviously does not works and returns a notice stating Array to string conversion If there is a more logical way to do this please let me know.

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• Custom validation works in development but not in unit test

  - by Geolev

  I want to validate that at least one of two columns have a value in my model. I found somewhere on the web that I could create a custom validator as follows: # Check for the presence of one or another field: # :validates_presence_of_at_least_one_field :last_name, :company_name - would require either last_name or company_name to be filled in # also works with arrays # :validates_presence_of_at_least_one_field :email, [:name, :address, :city, :state] - would require email or a mailing type address module ActiveRecord module Validations module ClassMethods def validates_presence_of_at_least_one_field(*attr_names) msg = attr_names.collect {|a| a.is_a?(Array) ? " ( #{a.join(", ")} ) " : a.to_s}.join(", ") + "can't all be blank. At least one field must be filled in." configuration = { :on => :save, :message => msg } configuration.update(attr_names.extract_options!) send(validation_method(configuration[:on]), configuration) do |record| found = false attr_names.each do |a| a = [a] unless a.is_a?(Array) found = true a.each do |attr| value = record.respond_to?(attr.to_s) ? record.send(attr.to_s) : record[attr.to_s] found = !value.blank? end break if found end record.errors.add_to_base(configuration[:message]) unless found end end end end end I put this in a file called lib/acs_validator.rb in my project and added "require 'acs_validator'" to my environment.rb. This does exactly what I want. It works perfectly when I manually test it in the development environment but when I write a unit test it breaks my test environment. This is my unit test: require 'test_helper' class CustomerTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase # Replace this with your real tests. test "the truth" do assert true end test "customer not valid" do puts "customer not valid" customer = Customer.new assert !customer.valid? assert customer.errors.invalid?(:subdomain) assert_equal "Company Name and Last Name can't both be blank.", customer.errors.on(:contact_lname) end end This is my model: class Customer < ActiveRecord::Base validates_presence_of :subdomain validates_presence_of_at_least_one_field :customer_company_name, :contact_lname, :message => "Company Name and Last Name can't both be blank." has_one :service_plan end When I run the unit test, I get the following error: DEPRECATION WARNING: Rake tasks in vendor/plugins/admin_data/tasks, vendor/plugins/admin_data/tasks, and vendor/plugins/admin_data/tasks are deprecated. Use lib/tasks instead. (called from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/tasks/rails.rb:10) Couldn't drop acs_test : #<ActiveRecord::StatementInvalid: PGError: ERROR: database "acs_test" is being accessed by other users DETAIL: There are 1 other session(s) using the database. : DROP DATABASE IF EXISTS "acs_test"> acs_test already exists NOTICE: CREATE TABLE will create implicit sequence "customers_id_seq" for serial column "customers.id" NOTICE: CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "customers_pkey" for table "customers" NOTICE: CREATE TABLE will create implicit sequence "service_plans_id_seq" for serial column "service_plans.id" NOTICE: CREATE TABLE / PRIMARY KEY will create implicit index "service_plans_pkey" for table "service_plans" /usr/bin/ruby1.8 -I"lib:test" "/usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb" "test/unit/customer_test.rb" "test/unit/service_plan_test.rb" "test/unit/helpers/dashboard_helper_test.rb" "test/unit/helpers/customers_helper_test.rb" "test/unit/helpers/service_plans_helper_test.rb" /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activerecord-2.3.8/lib/active_record/base.rb:1994:in `method_missing_without_paginate': undefined method `validates_presence_of_at_least_one_field' for #<Class:0xb7076bd0> (NoMethodError) from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/will_paginate-2.3.12/lib/will_paginate/finder.rb:170:in `method_missing' from /home/george/projects/advancedcomfortcs/app/models/customer.rb:3 from /usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `gem_original_require' from /usr/local/lib/site_ruby/1.8/rubygems/custom_require.rb:31:in `require' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:158:in `require' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:265:in `require_or_load' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:224:in `depend_on' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/activesupport-2.3.8/lib/active_support/dependencies.rb:136:in `require_dependency' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:414:in `load_application_classes' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:413:in `each' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:413:in `load_application_classes' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:411:in `each' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:411:in `load_application_classes' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:197:in `process' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `send' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rails-2.3.8/lib/initializer.rb:113:in `run' from /home/george/projects/advancedcomfortcs/config/environment.rb:9 from ./test/test_helper.rb:2:in `require' from ./test/test_helper.rb:2 from ./test/unit/customer_test.rb:1:in `require' from ./test/unit/customer_test.rb:1 from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb:5:in `load' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb:5 from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb:5:in `each' from /usr/lib/ruby/gems/1.8/gems/rake-0.8.7/lib/rake/rake_test_loader.rb:5 rake aborted! Command failed with status (1): [/usr/bin/ruby1.8 -I"lib:test" "/usr/lib/ru...] (See full trace by running task with --trace) It seems to have stepped on will_paginate somehow. Does anyone have any suggestions? Is there another way to do the validation I'm attempting to do? Thanks, George

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• Unknown error sourcing a script containing 'typeset -r' wrapped in command substitution

  - by Bernard Assaf

  I wish to source a script, print the value of a variable this script defines, and then have this value be assigned to a variable on the command line with command substitution wrapping the source/print commands. This works on ksh88 but not on ksh93 and I am wondering why. $ cat typeset_err.ksh #!/bin/ksh unset _typeset_var typeset -i -r _typeset_var=1 DIR=init # this is the variable I want to print When run on ksh88 (in this case, an AIX 6.1 box), the output is as follows: $ A=$(. ./typeset_err.ksh; print $DIR) $ echo $A init When run on ksh93 (in this case, a Linux machine), the output is as follows: $ A=$(. ./typeset_err.ksh; print $DIR) -ksh: _typeset_var: is read only $ print $A ($A is undefined) The above is just an example script. The actual thing I wish to accomplish is to source a script that sets values to many variables, so that I can print just one of its values, e.g. $DIR, and have $A equal that value. I do not know in advance the value of $DIR, but I need to copy files to $DIR during execution of a different batch script. Therefore the idea I had was to source the script in order to define its variables, print the one I wanted, then have that print's output be assigned to another variable via $(...) syntax. Admittedly a bit of a hack, but I don't want to source the entire sub-script in the batch script's environment because I only need one of its variables. The typeset -r code in the beginning is the error. The script I'm sourcing contains this in order to provide a semaphore of sorts--to prevent the script from being sourced more than once in the environment. (There is an if statement in the real script that checks for _typeset_var = 1, and exits if it is already set.) So I know I can take this out and get $DIR to print fine, but the constraints of the problem include keeping the typeset -i -r. In the example script I put an unset in first, to ensure _typeset_var isn't already defined. By the way I do know that it is not possible to unset a typeset -r variable, according to ksh93's man page for ksh. There are ways to code around this error. The favorite now is to not use typeset, but just set the semaphore without typeset (e.g. _typeset_var=1), but the error with the code as-is remains as a curiosity to me, and I want to see if anyone can explain why this is happening. By the way, another idea I abandoned was to grep the variable I need out of its containing script, then print that one variable for $A to be set to; however, the variable ($DIR in the example above) might be set to another variable's value (e.g. DIR=$dom/init), and that other variable might be defined earlier in the script; therefore, I need to source the entire script to make sure I all variables are defined so that $DIR is correctly defined when sourcing.

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• Right code to retrieve data from sql server database

  - by HasanGursoy

  Hi, I have some problems in database connection and wonder if I have something wrong in my code. Please review. This question is related: Switch between databases, use two databases simultaneously question. cs="Data Source=mywebsite.com;Initial Catalog=database;User Id=root;Password=toor;Connect Timeout=10;Pooling='true';" using (SqlConnection cnn = new SqlConnection(WebConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["cs"].ConnectionString)) { using (SqlCommand cmmnd = new SqlCommand("", cnn)) { try { cnn.Open(); #region Header & Description cmmnd.Parameters.Add("@CatID", SqlDbType.Int).Value = catId; cmmnd.CommandText = "SELECT UpperID, Title, Description FROM Categories WHERE CatID=@CatID;"; string mainCat = String.Empty, rootCat = String.Empty; using (SqlDataReader rdr = cmmnd.ExecuteReader()) { if (rdr.Read()) { mainCat = rdr["Title"].ToString(); upperId = Convert.ToInt32(rdr["UpperID"]); description = rdr["Title"]; } else { Response.Redirect("/", false); } } if (upperId > 0) //If upper category exists add its name { cmmnd.Parameters["@CatID"].Value = upperId; cmmnd.CommandText = "SELECT Title FROM Categories WHERE CatID=@CatID;"; using (SqlDataReader rdr = cmmnd.ExecuteReader()) { if (rdr.Read()) { rootCat = "<a href='x.aspx'>" + rdr["Title"] + "</a> &raquo; "; } } } #endregion #region Sub-Categories if (upperId == 0) //show only at root categories { cmmnd.Parameters["@CatID"].Value = catId; cmmnd.CommandText = "SELECT Count(CatID) FROM Categories WHERE UpperID=@CatID;"; if (Convert.ToInt32(cmmnd.ExecuteScalar()) > 0) { cmmnd.CommandText = "SELECT CatID, Title FROM Categories WHERE UpperID=@CatID ORDER BY Title;"; using (SqlDataReader rdr = cmmnd.ExecuteReader()) { while (rdr.Read()) { subcat.InnerHtml += "<a href='x.aspx'>" + rdr["Title"].ToString().ToLower() + "</a>\n"; description += rdr["Title"] + ", "; } } } } #endregion } catch (Exception ex) { HasanG.LogException(ex, Request.RawUrl, HttpContext.Current); Response.Redirect("/", false); } finally { cnn.Close(); } } } The random errors I'm receiving are: A transport-level error has occurred when sending the request to the server. (provider: TCP Provider, error: 0 - An existing connection was forcibly closed by the remote host.) A network-related or instance-specific error occurred while establishing a connection to SQL Server. The server was not found or was not accessible. Verify that the instance name is correct and that SQL Server is configured to allow remote connections. (provider: Named Pipes Provider, error: 40 - Could not open a connection to SQL Server) Timeout expired. The timeout period elapsed prior to obtaining a connection from the pool. This may have occurred because all pooled connections were in use and max pool size was reached. Cannot open database "db" requested by the login. The login failed. Login failed for user 'root'.

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• Slicing a time range into parts

  - by beporter

  First question. Be gentle. I'm working on software that tracks technicians' time spent working on tasks. The software needs to be enhanced to recognize different billable rate multipliers based on the day of the week and the time of day. (For example, "Time and a half after 5 PM on weekdays.") The tech using the software is only required to log the date, his start time and his stop time (in hours and minutes). The software is expected to break the time entry into parts at the boundaries of when the rate multipliers change. A single time entry is not permitted to span multiple days. Here is a partial sample of the rate table. The first-level array keys are the days of the week, obviously. The second-level array keys represent the time of the day when the new multiplier kicks in, and runs until the next sequential entry in the array. The array values are the multiplier for that time range. [rateTable] => Array ( [Monday] => Array ( [00:00:00] => 1.5 [08:00:00] => 1 [17:00:00] => 1.5 [23:59:59] => 1 ) [Tuesday] => Array ( [00:00:00] => 1.5 [08:00:00] => 1 [17:00:00] => 1.5 [23:59:59] => 1 ) ... ) In plain English, this represents a time-and-a-half rate from midnight to 8 am, regular rate from 8 to 5 pm, and time-and-a-half again from 5 till 11:59 pm. The time that these breaks occur may be arbitrary to the second and there can be an arbitrary number of them for each day. (This format is entirely negotiable, but my goal is to make it as easily human-readable as possible.) As an example: a time entry logged on Monday from 15:00:00 (3 PM) to 21:00:00 (9 PM) would consist of 2 hours billed at 1x and 4 hours billed at 1.5x. It is also possible for a single time entry to span multiple breaks. Using the example rateTable above, a time entry from 6 AM to 9 PM would have 3 sub-ranges from 6-8 AM @ 1.5x, 8AM-5PM @ 1x, and 5-9 PM @ 1.5x. By contrast, it's also possible that a time entry may only be from 08:15:00 to 08:30:00 and be entirely encompassed in the range of a single multiplier. I could really use some help coding up some PHP (or at least devising an algorithm) that can take a day of the week, a start time and a stop time and parse into into the required subparts. It would be ideal to have the output be an array that consists of multiple entries for a (start,stop,multiplier) triplet. For the above example, the output would be: [output] => Array ( [0] => Array ( [start] => 15:00:00 [stop] => 17:00:00 [multiplier] => 1 ) [1] => Array ( [start] => 17:00:00 [stop] => 21:00:00 [multiplier] => 1.5 ) ) I just plain can't wrap my head around the logic of splitting a single (start,stop) into (potentially) multiple subparts.

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